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1
Barteld, Fabian, and Alexander Ziem. "Construction mining." Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 34 (2020) 34 (December 31, 2020): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00030.bar.
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Abstract The German Constructicon Project (www.german-constructicon.de) aims at documenting grammatical constructions in contemporary standard German on the basis of annotated corpus examples, including relations between constructions and between constructions and evoked semantic frames. So far, the research focus has been mainly on the development and computational implementation of a constructicographic workflow (including a parsing pipeline) that allows for addressing any kind of constructions on varying levels of schematicity, idiomaticity, and abstractness. However, such an exemplar-driven procedure precludes us from systematically identifying constructional candidates. In this article, we scrutinize ways to operationalize and implement data-mining procedures to inductively identify construction candidates.
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Höder, Steffen. "Phonological elements and Diasystematic Construction Grammar." Reflections on Constructions across Grammars 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 202–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.6.2.04hod.
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Usage-based CxG approaches share the central assumption that any grammar has to be acquired and organised through input-based abstraction and categorisation. Diasystematic Construction Grammar (DCxG) is based on the idea that these processes are not sensitive to language boundaries. Multilingual input thus results in multilingual grammars which are conceived of as constructicons containing language-specific as well as language-unspecific constructions. Within such systems, phonological structures play an important part in the identification of schematic constructions. However, the status of phonology in DCxG, as in CxG in general, yet remains unclear. This paper presents some arguments for including phonological elements systematically in the construction-based analysis of (multilingual) constructional systems.
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KIM, JONG-BOK, and MARK A. DAVIES. "The into-causative construction in English: a construction-based perspective." English Language and Linguistics 20, no. 1 (October 20, 2015): 55–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674315000271.
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The so-called into-causative construction, involving the pattern ‘V NP into V-ing’, raises intriguing questions in terms of lexical creativity as well as variation. This article, based on nearly 20,000 tokens from more than 1.3 billion words of text, from both British and American English, carries out a comprehensive corpus-based investigation of the construction. The article supports past research on certain types of variation in the use of the construction in British and American English, but sheds new light on how these may relate to diachronic shifts as well as to synchronic variation. The article also sketches a construction-based analysis to account for the grammatical properties of the into-causative construction. In particular, it shows that the construction, as an extension of the caused-motion construction, shares grammatical properties with its family constructions including the resultative and way constructions, but is distinctive from these in several respects. By allowing close interactions between the matrix verb and the grammatical constructions, the constructional view can also account for innovative uses of the construction.
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FANEGO, TERESA. "A construction of independent means: the history of the Way construction revisited." English Language and Linguistics 23, no. 3 (April 23, 2018): 671–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674318000059.
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The emergence and development of the Way construction was famously examined by Israel (1996) in a study which traced the modern form of the construction to three senses or subschemas, namely manner of motion (He stumbled his way to the front door), means of motion (He dug his way out of the prison) and incidental activity (He whistled his way out of the room). The present article moves beyond the late Middle English period – the starting point of Israel's research – and looks at the precursors of the Way construction since Old English times, as well as its interaction with the Intransitive Motion construction (IMC) (He walked into the room). By approaching the data in terms of Goldberg's typology (1997) of verb-construction relationships, which is finer-grained than Israel's tripartite division, the analysis identifies the areas of conceptual and constructional overlap that have existed between the Way construction and the IMC in the course of history, and shows that the Way construction has gradually specialised in the expression of those relations which could not be readily coded in the IMC, such as means of motion and incidental activity. The study thus seeks to contribute to a better understanding of how the constructicon, the repertory of constructions making up the grammar of a language, may change over time.
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Zhukovska, V. V. "Constructional modeling in the formalism of cognitive-quantitative construction grammar." MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology 26, no. 2 (February 5, 2024): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.2.2023.297670.
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This paper discusses the findings of constructional modeling in the formalism of cognitive quantitative construction grammar, a newly developed research framework within a cognitive-quantitative grammar approach. Triangulating theoretical tenets, methodological principles and research tools of cognitivesemiotic frameworks with quantitative corpus studies, cognitive quantitative construction grammar provides a comprehensive qualitative-quantitative approach to examining cognitive foundations, general and idiosyncratic linguistic features, usage patterns and distribution of linguistic constructions. In this context, constructional modeling entails applying a computerized linguoquantitative procedure for a construction profile parametrization. This procedure yields operationalized and statistically verified data on the essential parameters that determine a construction’s linguistic behavior. The modeling uses the boxbracket notation, which integrates the box notation to represent holistic construction-level information and construction’s constituent-level information, and the bracket notation to detail specific linguistic properties and constructional constraints.The constructional modeling in the integrated box-bracket notational system applied to English ꞌdetached nonfinite/nonverbal with explicit subjectꞌ-constructions allows for a comprehensive representation of their external and internal linguistic properties and captures inheritance links betweenthe constructions at macro-, meso- and micro-levels of the constructional network. The research findings demonstrate the feasibility of applying the cognitive quantitative construction grammar formalism to model the linguistic properties and constraints of complex clause-level constructions and how these constructions are likely to be represented in the mental grammar of speakers.
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Ziem, Alexander, and Tim Feldmüller. "Dimensions of constructional meanings in the German Constructicon: Why collo-profiles matter." Yearbook of the German Cognitive Linguistics Association 11, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gcla-2023-0010.
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Abstract A constructicon, i.e., a structured inventory of constructions, essentially aims at documenting functions of lexical and grammatical constructions. Among other parameters, so-called constructional collo-profiles, as introduced by Herbst (2018, 2020), are conclusive for determining constructional meanings. They provide information on how relevant individual words are for construction slots, they hint at usage preferences of constructions and serve as a helpful indicator for semantic peculiarities of constructions. However, even though collo-profiles constitute an indispensable component of constructicon entries, they pose major challengers for constructicographers: For a constructicographic enterprise it is not feasible to conduct collostructional analyses for hundreds or even thousands of constructions. In this article, we introduce a procedure based on the large language model BERT that allows to predict collo-profiles without having to extensively annotate instances of constructions in a given corpus. Specifically, by discussing the constructions X macht Y ADJP (‘x makes Y ADJ’, e.g. he drives him crazy) and N1 PREP N1 (e.g., bumper to bumper, constructions over constructions), we show how the developed automated system generates collo-profiles based on a limited number of annotated instances. Finally, we place collo-profiles alongside other dimensions of constructional meanings included in the German Constructicon.
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Nolan, Brian. "Theoretical and computational considerations of linking constructions in Role and Reference Grammar." Review of Cognitive Linguistics 12, no. 2 (October 31, 2014): 410–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.12.2.06nol.
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This paper proposes a view of the linguistic construction in Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) in which constructions are posited to be structured grammatical objects with a unique constructional signature that uniquely identifies them. We argue that the construction has an input and an output, and that it contains a local workspace in which the processing of the various lexical and grammatical rules applies, according to the constraints within the constructional object. In recent years there has been a growing recognition that the RRG account of constructions is an under-utilised resource that deserves a wider application to problems in cross-linguistic analysis (Nolan & Diedrichsen, 2013; Nolan & Periñán, 2014). As a functional grammar with strong claims of adequacy, RRG has however had several challenges from Construction Grammar (Butler & Martín Arista, 2009; Goldberg, 2006; Michaelis, 2006, 2010). This paper addresses a number of these challenges. In the view of constructions presented here, the linking over the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic interfaces resides in the body of the construction, and the construction interacts with the lexicon which provides lexical information relevant to the construction. The constructions reside in a construction repository. This model of constructions delivers a means to address the challenges posed to the RRG account of the role and place of constructions within a lexicalist functionalist model of grammar.
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Janda, Laura A., Anna Endresen, Valentina Zhukova, Daria Mordashova, and Ekaterina Rakhilina. "How to build a constructicon in five years." Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 34 (2020) 34 (December 31, 2020): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00043.jan.
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Abstract We provide a practical step-by-step methodology of how to build a full-scale constructicon resource for a natural language, sharing our experience from the nearly completed project of the Russian Constructicon, an open-access searchable database of over 2,200 Russian constructions (https://site.uit.no/russian-constructicon/). The constructions are organized in families, clusters, and networks based on their semantic and syntactic properties, illustrated with corpus examples, and tagged for the CEFR level of language proficiency. The resource is designed for both researchers and L2 learners of Russian and offers the largest electronic database of constructions built for any language. We explain what makes the Russian Constructicon different from other constructicons, report on the major stages of our work, and share the methods used to systematically expand the inventory of constructions. Our objective is to encourage colleagues to build constructicon resources for additional natural languages, thus taking Construction Grammar to a new quantitative and qualitative level, facilitating cross-linguistic comparison.
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Zeschel, Arne, and Kristel Proost. "Grain size issues in constructicon building – and how to address them." Lexicographica 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 169–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lex-2019-0005.
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Abstract Novel formats of construction-based description hold great potential for phenomena that fall through the cracks in traditional kinds of linguistic reference works. On the example of German verb argument structure constructions with a prepositional object, we demonstrate that a construction-based description of such phenomena is superior to existing lexicographic and grammaticographic treatments, but that it also poses a number of new problems. The most fundamental of these relates to the fact that construction-based analyses can be proposed on different levels of abstraction. We illustrate pertinent problems relating to the precise identification of constructional form and meaning and suggest a multi-layered descriptive format for web-based electronic reference constructica that can accommodate these challenges. Semantically, the proposed solution integrates both lumping and splitting perspectives on constructional grain size and permits users to flexibly zoom in and out on individual elements in the resource. Formally, it can capture variation in the number and marking of realised arguments as found in e.g. passives and transitivity alternations. Aspects of the theoretical controversy between Construction Grammar and Valency Theory are addressed where relevant, but our focus is on questions of description and the practical implementation of construction-based analyses in a suitable type of linguistic reference work.
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Taylor, John R. "Why Construction Grammar is radical." Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 2 (December 31, 2004): 321–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.2.12tay.
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This article reviews some of the foundational assumptions of Croft'sRadical Construction Grammar. While constructions have featured prominently in much recent work in cognitive linguistics, Croft adopts the ‘radical’ view that constructions are the primary objects of linguistic analysis, with lexical and syntactic categories being defined with respect to the constructions in which they occur. This approach reverses the traditional view, according to which complex expressions are compositionally assembled through syntactic rules operating over items selected from the lexicon. The ubiquity of idioms, especially so-called constructional idioms, provides compelling evidence for the essential correctness of the radical constructional view. The possibility of a radical constructional approach to phonology is also discussed.
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Gould, Kevin M., and Laura A. Michaelis. "Match, mismatch, and envisioning transfer events." Constructions and Frames 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 234–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.00020.gou.
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Abstract Prior studies suggest that language users perform motoric simulations when construing action sentences and that verbs and constructions each contribute to simulation-based representation (Glenberg & Kaschak 2002; Richardson et al. 2003; Bergen et al. 2007; Bergen & Wheeler 2010). This raises the possibility that motorically grounded verb and construction meanings can interact during sentence understanding. In this experiment, we use the action-sentence compatibility effect methodology to investigate how a verb’s lexical-class membership, constructional context, and constructional bias modulate motor simulation effects. Stimuli represent two classes of transfer verbs and two constructions that encode transfer events, Ditransitive and Oblique Goal (Goldberg 1995). Findings reveal two kinds of verb-construction interactions. First, verbs in their preferred construction generate stronger simulation effects overall than those in their dispreferred construction. Second, verbs that entail change of possession generate strong motor-simulation effects irrespective of constructional context, while those entailing causation of motion exert such effects only when enriched up to change-of-possession verbs in the semantically mismatched Ditransitive context. We conclude that simulation effects are not isolable to either verbs or constructions but instead arise from the interplay of verb and construction meaning.
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Zhukovska, Victoria. "INTERPRETING DETACHED CONSTRUCTIONS WITH EXPLICIT SUBJECT THROUGH THE PRISM OF RELATED TERMS." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 831-832 (2021): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2021.831-832.48-60.
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This article provides a comprehensive account of the English detached nonfinite and nonverbal constructions with the explicit subject within the framework of construction grammar. The study overviews the terms utilized in Western grammatical studies to nominate the investigated syntactic structures. Depending on the ontological and gnoseological assumptions of a particular linguistic approach, the analyzed terms highlight specific aspects of the syntactic structures under study (morphosyntactic features, syntactic functions, the subject’s case, coreference with the matrix clause, intonation and punctuation marking), and, therefore, cannot fully reveal the nature of the given syntactic phenomenon. The paper discusses the advantages of the term “detached nonfinite and nonverbal constructions with the explicit subject” for cognitive and quantitative operationalization and theoretical substantiation of the examined structures. The component construction is used in the interpretation of the cognitive construction grammar and defined as a noncompositional language sign, a complex pairing of form and meaning, where some aspects of the forms or the meanings cannot be derived from the form and the meaning of its components or from other existing constructions. In present-day English detached [aug/øaug[SubjNP] [PredNF/VL]] constructions constitute a taxonomic constructional network represented through a multiple hierarchy of adjunct clauses combined with the plane of detachment. The network of the analyzed constructions is developed around the constructional schema, represented by the construction of the highest degree of schematicity and abstraction (macro-construction). The features of the macro-construction are inherited by the constructions of a lower level – meso-constructions and individual micro-constructions and are reflected in the specific realized constructions – constructs.
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Wasserscheidt, Philipp. "Construction Grammar: Basic Principles and Concepts." Ukrainian Linguistics, no. 49 (2019): 94–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/um/49(2019).94-116.
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The article provides an overview of Construction Grammar. First, a general survey of the basic principles and major strands of the grammatical theory is given. The main assumptions include the recognition that all linguistic knowledge is of the same type as knowledge in general and follows the same principles such as categorization, abstraction and generalization. In the second part, the presentation focuses on two important elements of construction grammar research: the concept of the construction as complex sign and the abandoning of the distinction between lexicon and grammar. Using examples from Ukrainian, the different relationships between constructions of different complexity and schematicity in the so-called constructicon – the common space of both lexical and grammatical knowledge – are described. It is shown, how abstract constructions offer slots for other elements and how these are constrained regarding form and meaning. In addition, the status of constructions as complex signs is assessed from the perspective of semantics and compositionality. It is highlighted that Construction Grammar rejects the assumption of compositionality and rather conceptualizes meaning as determined by the construction itself. At the same time, semantics is understood in an encyclopaedic sense, which renders the description of constructions highly detailed and language-specific.
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Gries, Stefan Th, and Stefanie Wulff. "Do foreign language learners also have constructions?" Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 3 (October 31, 2005): 182–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.3.10gri.
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In Construction Grammar, the ultimate grammatical unit is the construction, a conventionalized form-meaning pairing. We present interrelated evidence from three different methods, all of which speak in favor of attributing an ontological status to constructions for non-native speakers of English. Firstly, in a sentence-fragment completion study with German learners of English, we obtained a significant priming effect between constructions. Secondly, these priming effects correlate strongly with the verb-construction preferences in native speaker corpora: verbs which are strongly associated with one construction resist priming to another semantically compatible construction; more importantly, the priming effects do not correlate with verb-construction preferences from German translation equivalents, ruling out a translational explanation. Thirdly, in order to rule out an alternative account in terms of syntactic rather than constructional priming, we present semantic evidence obtained by a sorting study, showing that subjects exhibited a strong tendency towards a construction-based sorting, which even reflects recent explanations of how constructions are related.
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Forsberg, Markus, Richard Johansson, Linnéa Bäckström, Lars Borin, Benjamin Lyngfelt, Joel Olofsson, and Julia Prentice. "From construction candidates to constructicon entries." Constructions and Frames 6, no. 1 (August 19, 2014): 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.6.1.07for.
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We present an experiment where natural language processing tools are used to automatically identify potential constructions in a corpus. The experiment was conducted as part of the ongoing efforts to develop a Swedish constructicon. Using an automatic method to suggest constructions has advantages not only for efficiency but also methodologically: it forces the analyst to look more objectively at the constructions actually occurring in corpora, as opposed to focusing on “interesting” constructions only. As a heuristic for identifying potential constructions, the method has proved successful, yielding about 200 (out of 1,200) highly relevant construction candidates.
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Noël, Dirk. "The decline of the Deontic nci construction in Late Modern English." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 22–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00029.noe.
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Abstract Starting from a traditional corpus-based investigation of an example of constructional attrition, i.e. of a sustained drop in the frequency of use of a construction in a language’s history, this paper argues that usage data which make abstraction from individual speakers can no more account for this kind of constructional change than they can for constructionalization, the creation of new constructions. A more ‘radically’ usage-based approach to diachronic construction grammar implements the cognitive commitment of this subdiscipline of cognitive linguistics and ultimately explains all constructional change with reference to individual speakers’ grammars. Since no two speakers’ experience-based constructicons are identical, it is hypothesized that, very similar to constructionalization, constructional attrition starts from interpersonal variation and the paper encourages the use of idiolectal historical corpora to find corroboration for this. The case of constructional attrition presented in descriptive detail is that of the English Deontic nci construction, which is instantiated by such forms as be compelled to, be forbidden to, be obliged to and be permitted to. Previous research established this schema to have grown in frequency and productivity from the 14th until the 18th century and the current paper documents the start of its subsequent decline with data from the Corpus of Late Modern English Texts. It goes on to ask whether a usage-based approach should stop at offering cultural explanations for such developments and proposes a more genuinely cognitive line of explanatory attack.
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Chen, Mei Fang, Yan Li, and Wei Tu. "The Platform Designing of Resources Construction Based on Virtual Synergistic Technology." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.841.
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As the development of synergistic technology application into educational fields, synergistic learning and synergistic working have been hot spots. The article discussed the Synergistic technology. It adopted the concept on Resources Constructing Based on Synergistic Technology, and analyzed the standpoint of resources characteristic and the need of resources construction. The platform of Resources Construction Based on Virtual Synergistic Technology designed is made up of resources constructing, managing and applying. And the resources construction system contains the team of construction, distance synergism & control and constructional pool.
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Östman, Jan-Ola. "Constructions as discourse-restrained flexible prototypes." Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 34 (2020) 34 (December 31, 2020): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00052.ost.
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Abstract Constructions are abstractions of resources we have available as ways of expressing ourselves. The study argues for the feasibility of seeing constructions as flexible prototypes in terms of which we categorize the world: constructions have few if any necessary and sufficient conditions that are always applicable. As support for this view, an analysis of the correlative TatT-construction in English is carried out, indicating that even if we can set up a dozen characteristics of the construction, none of them are necessary for an expression to be characterized as an instance of the construction. Furthermore, for constructional analyses to be truly usage-based, variations within prototypes have to be explicated. A Construction Discourse approach is used to show how pragmatic and discourse factors can distinguish and afford particular meanings and functions to non-prototypical instances of a construction.
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Marmaridou, Sophia. "The constructional motivation of indefinite generics in Modern Greek." Constructions and Frames 4, no. 1 (September 3, 2012): 24–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.4.1.02mar.
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This paper argues for the discoursal motivation of constructions and the constructional motivation of a Modern Greek indefinite article, by focusing on generics and some other nominal constructions in Modern Greek containing the indefinite determiner enas/mia/ena (“a/an”, masc./fem./ neut. respectively). Moreover, it illustrates the cross-linguistic relevance of Construction Grammar. A family of indefinite nominal constructions is identified, including the Indefinite Generic Construction, the Indefinite Proper Noun Construction, the Indefinite Predicate Nominal Construction, and the Proverbial Indefinite Construction, which is further shown to be primed by specific pragmatic and discoursal features. On the basis of the proposed analysis, and consistently with established views on semantic change (Traugott 1989), I suggest that the expressivity and the discoursal characterization associated with this family of indefinite constructions in Modern Greek motivate the partial de-semanticization of the indefinite determiner, its synchronic variability (after Hoffmann & Trousdale 2011) and, ultimately, its function as an article in the language.
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Perek, Florent, and Amanda L. Patten. "Towards an English Constructicon using patterns and frames." Constructions in Applied Linguistics 24, no. 3 (August 27, 2019): 354–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.00016.per.
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Abstract Recent research in construction grammar has been marked by increasing efforts to create constructicons: detailed inventories of form-meaning pairs to describe the grammar of a given language, following the principles of construction grammar. This paper describes proposals for building a new constructicon of English, based on the combination of the COBUILD Grammar Patterns and the semantic frames of FrameNet. In this case study, the valency information from FrameNet was automatically matched to the verb patterns of COBUILD, in order to identify the frames that each pattern is associated with. We find that the automatic procedure must be complemented by a good deal of manual annotation. We examine the “V that” pattern in particular, illustrating how the frame information can be used to describe this pattern in terms of constructions.
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Appah, Clement, Reginald Akuoko Duah, and Ọbádélé Bakari Kambon. "Cardinal numerals in Akan." Ghana Journal of Linguistics 12, no. 1 (November 6, 2023): 48–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjl.v12i1.3.
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This paper presents a Construction Morphology account of complex cardinal numeral formation in Akan (Kwa, Niger-Congo). Through a detailed description of the Akan numeral system, which is decimal, we identify various ranges of cardinal numerals and show that they share structures with other constructions in the language because they are either compounds or coordinate constructions. We show that, consistent with crosslinguistic patterns, the two arithmetic operations that underpin the construction of cardinal numerals in Akan are addition and multiplication and they are formally realised differently. While multiplication is achieved mainly through compounding (and reduplication), addition is expressed mainly through compounding and coordination. The Construction Morphology framework allows us to account for the full range of Akan cardinal numerals in a consistent manner, showing how numerals relate to other constructions in the language. We posit two constructional schemas for the two arithmetic operations, with various subschemas for different instantiating constructions, including some constructional idioms in which certain recurrent forms are pre-specified.
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Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya. "PENONJOLAN PERAN SEMANTIS DAN KONSTRUKSI GRAMATIKAL PASANGAN VERBA -I DAN -KAN: KAJIAN GRAMATIKA KONSTRUKSIONAL BERBASIS KORPUS ATAS MENAWARI/MENAWARKAN." Linguistik Indonesia 41, no. 2 (August 1, 2023): 187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/li.v41i2.482.
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This paper presents quantitative corpus analyses of the profiled participant/semantic roles and the preferred grammatical constructions of semantically similar Indonesian verb-pair suffixed with -i and -kan. Menawari/menawarkan ‘to offer’ pair is chosen as a case study. Couched within the Construction Grammar and Frame Semantics theories, the analyses revealed that each verb differs regarding the profiled semantic roles within the preferred grammatical constructions the verb occurs in. Menawari strongly profiles Offerer, Potential_recipient and Theme in Double-Object Construction, while menawarkan only profiles Offerer and Theme in Monotransitive Construction. Although the quantitative findings confirm the theoretical hypothesis of the constructional behaviours for menawari/menawarkan, the study also discovers previously unpredicted constructional variation for menawari. Such variation (i) has a typological implication concerning the grammatical alignments of trivalent verbs and (ii) raises an intriguing question regarding constructional contamination by the constructional profile of the more frequent form (i.e., menawarkan) that is paradigmatically related to menawari.
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Kim, Hyunwoo, Gyu-Ho Shin, and Haerim Hwang. "INTEGRATION OF VERBAL AND CONSTRUCTIONAL INFORMATION IN THE SECOND LANGUAGE PROCESSING OF ENGLISH DATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 42, no. 4 (March 18, 2020): 825–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263119000743.
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AbstractThis study investigated the effects of construction types on Korean-L1 English-L2 learners’ verb–construction integration in online processing by presenting the ditransitive and prepositional dative constructions and manipulating the verb’s association strength within these constructions. Results of a self-paced reading experiment showed that the L2 group spent longer times in the verb–construction integration in the postverbal complement region when processing the ditransitive construction, which is less canonical and highly avoided in the learners’ L1, than when processing the prepositional dative construction, which is more canonical and shares similar structural features with the L1 counterpart. In the following spillover region, L2 learners showed faster reading times as proficiency increased when the verb was strongly associated with the prepositional dative construction. Our findings expand the scope of current models on L2 sentence processing by suggesting that construction types and L2 proficiency may affect the L2 integration of verbal and constructional information.
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Peng, Bingzhuan, and Zimeng Yao. "Cognitive Study of Chinese Symmetrical Construction "dong X xi Y"." Journal of Social Science Humanities and Literature 6, no. 6 (December 29, 2023): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jsshl.2023.06(06).26.
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Since ancient times, China has been pursuing the beauty of symmetry and harmony. As symmetry has gradually become a spiritual pursuit, symmetry is often reflected in everyday expressions, just like the idiom "dong X xi Y" which is used frequently in daily communication. Adopting the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, based on Construction Grammar Theory, this study first defined "dong X xi Y" as a symmetrical construction, and proposed a cognitive analysis framework of symmetrical construction "dong X xi Y" to analyze its constructional meaning, the construction coercion phenomenon contained in it, and its cognitive motivation. Results show that (1) the constructional meaning of symmetrical construction "dong X xi Y" includes polar construction meaning and critical construction meaning; (2) the "dong X xi Y" construction suppresses the parts of speech and semantics of X and Y; (3) subjectivity is the cognitive motivation of symmetrical construction "dong X xi Y". The study of the symmetrical construction "dong X xi Y" is of great importance for the deeper understanding of the internal structure of the construction and its internal complexity, and in the future it is hoped to provide a cognitive reference for similar constructions.
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Lewandowski, Wojciech. "Constructions are not predictable but are motivated: evidence from the Spanish completive reflexive." Linguistics 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 35–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2020-0264.
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Abstract Many researchers seem to think that Construction Grammar posits the existence of only wholly idiosyncratic constructions. However, this misconception betrays a deep misunderstanding of the approach because it glosses over the fact that constructions rarely if ever emerge sui generis. Rather, Construction Grammar aims to balance the fact that some linguistic uses cannot be fully predicted from other well-established uses with the fact that extensions of a construction, while not predictable, are motivated by other senses in the constructional network. This paper illustrates this idea by providing an analysis of the Spanish completive reflexive marker se.
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Hoffmann, Thomas, and Graeme Trousdale. "On Multiple Paths and Change in the Language Network." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 70, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 359–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2022-2071.
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Abstract Recent work in Diachronic Construction Grammar (DCxG) has foregrounded the importance of multiple sources of a particular construction, as well as promoting the idea that constructions are organised as a network of knowledge. The research presented in this article explores the ways in which multiple sources play a role at various stages in constructional change, and the effects of this on the structure of the language network. We aim to show how an account of language structure that focuses on links between constructions may be useful in tracking the various stages in the development of a new construction.
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Diewald, Gabriele, and Dániel Czicza. "Variation and Grammaticalization of Verbal Constructions." Constructions and Frames 14, no. 1 (August 9, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.00062.int.
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Abstract Construction grammar – most notably Cognitive Construction Grammar (Goldberg 2006), Radical Construction Grammar (Croft 2001) and Cognitive Grammar (Langacker 2008) – has been extremely inspiring in providing tools for modelling gradience in variation and change. Verbal constructions have been investigated within the paradigm of construction grammar from a number of angles including idiomaticization processes as well as argument structure constructions (Boas 2003; Engelberg 2009; Faulhaber 2011; Goldberg 1995; Rostila 2007). Usage-based approaches (Barlow & Kemmer 2000; Bybee & Hopper 2001; Diessel 2015, 2019; Langacker 1988; Tomasello 2003) have pointed out that usage is the place to look for variation and change. Data-driven, corpus-based approaches have introduced quantitative methods for analyzing constructional functionality and variety synchronically (Stefanowitsch & Gries 2003; Gries 2006; Glynn 2014) and diachronically (Hilpert 2006). These techniques have given rise to detailed studies of verbal constructions, lexicalization and idiomaticization. This volume presents papers which in their majority have arisen in connection with the workshop “Variation and Grammaticalization of Verbal Constructions”, held at the 51st SLE Annual Meeting at Tallinn, 29th August – 1st September 2018. Its focus is on verbal constructions in Germanic languages, constructional variation and degrees of polyfunctionality between lexical, idiomatic and grammaticalized usages. The major object of this volume is to investigate the conditions and interdependencies of such variations and polyfunctionalities. The theoretical and conceptual foundations of the studies united here rest upon grammaticalization theory, usage-based constructional approaches, and frame semantics, allway in combination with empirical testing. The scope of interest comprises synchronic as well as diachronic phenomena in various registers and communicative types.
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Ziem, Alexander, and Johanna Flick. "Constructicography at work: implementation and application of the German Constructicon." Yearbook of the German Cognitive Linguistics Association 7, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 201–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gcla-2019-0012.
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Abstract The paper introduces the implementation and application of the German Constructicon hosted at the University of Düsseldorf (www.german-constructicon.de). The ultimate goal of the German Constructicon Project (GCP) is not only to identify and describe oftentimes overlooked grammatical constructions, but also to offer comprehensive descriptions in a dictionary-like online repository. Based on constructicographic analyses of the construction family negating_connector, including geschweige denn (‘let alone’), the paper reports on the annotation categories and the computational work routine yielding construction entries.
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Valenzuela, Javier, Joseph Hilferty, and Mar Garachana-Camarero. "On the reality of constructions." Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 3 (October 31, 2005): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.3.11val.
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In the present paper, we adduce further evidence for the reality of grammatical constructions by focusing on a highly idiosyncratic configuration from Spanish, which we call the reduplicative-topic construction. This construction is a productive syntactic pattern that functions as a “constructional hedge”. The grammatical behaviors of this construction cannot be captured by syntactocentric approaches to grammar. Instead, co-ocurring multiple constraints must be taken into account, including phonological (intonation and rhythm), morphosyntactic and semantic factors. The thrust of our argument is that only a constructional approach can explain the facts needed to characterize this grammatical pattern. We conclude the paper by considering the implications of the constructional approach to syntax for linguistic theory.
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Ziem, Alexander, Johanna Flick, and Phillip Sandkühler. "The German Constructicon Project: Framework, methodology, resources." Lexicographica 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lex-2019-0003.
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Abstract The paper introduces aims and efforts of the German Constructicon Project (GCP) (www.german-constructicon.de) hosted at the University of Düsseldorf. The ultimate goal of the project is not only to identify and describe oftentimes overlooked grammatical constructions, but also to offer comprehensive descriptions of them in a dictionary-like online repository. Each construction entry is intended to provide all relevant grammatical information necessary to understand and correctly use the respective grammatical construction. Based on constructicographical analyses of authentic corpus examples, the paper reports on the methodological foundations of GCP, most importantly the annotation categories used, as well as on the computational work routine yielding construction entries. The routine includes five consecutive steps, (i) subcorporation and preliminary analysis, (ii) parsing pipeline (automatic annotations of part of speech, phrase type and grammatical function), (iii) semantic annotations, (iv) semi-automatic analyses of the annotations and, finally, (v) compilation of construction entries. For illustration, we present the geschweige denn (‘let alone’) construction in its habitat of the negating_connector construction family. The paper concludes with outlining a full-fledged construction entry for geschweige denn in the German Constructicon.
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Mordashova, Daria. "The structure of the semantic domain of modality in Russian: Modelling systemic relations between constructions (based on the Russian Constructicon)." Voprosy Jazykoznanija, no. 2 (2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/0373-658x.2023.2.29-55.
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This paper proposes an analysis of systemic relations between constructions with modal semantics in Russian. Based on the data from the Russian Constructicon resource, I build a classification of 124 constructions expressing root (dynamic and deontic) and epistemic meanings. The classification relies on the taxonomy of constructions, which is being developed in recent studies in Construction Grammar and constructicography. This taxonomy involves groups of constructions of various size (namely, families, clusters, and networks of constructions). A constructional family comprises modal constructions with similar semantic (and often also morphosyntactic) properties. Families form larger units — constructional clusters and networks, which have a radial category structure, where more central and more peripheral members can be identified. This paper pinpoints that some semantic domains are better described in terms of scalar rather than radial structures, and epistemic modal constructions serve as an example of such domain. I establish conceptual links between the families of constructions, such as specification vs. generalization strategies, contrast, intensification vs. attenuation of particular semantic components, etc. The classification proposed in the paper contributes both to typology in that it refines the existing view on the structure of modality and its linguistic expression, and to constructicography, which is concerned with the mechanisms of constructional interaction within the system of a given language.
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De Clerck, Bernard, Martine Delorge, and Anne-Marie Simon-Vandenbergen. "Semantic and Pragmatic Motivations for Constructional Preferences." Journal of English Linguistics 39, no. 4 (November 14, 2011): 359–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0075424211421346.
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A select group of transfer verbs can enter into four different constructions: the ditransitive construction ( He provided John the money), the prepositional-dative construction ( He provided the money to John), a construction with a prepositional theme ( He provided John with the money), and a construction with a recipient realized by a for-phrase ( He provided the money for John). In this article, the authors take a close look at three such verbs: provide, supply, and present. Corpus analysis shows that these three verbs display different structural preferences with respect to the for-, to-, and with-patterns. To explain these preferences, the study investigates pragmatic principles (following Mukherjee on provide) and the role played by semantic factors. An examination of the semantics of the verbs and the lexically motivated constructional semantics of the to, for, and with-patterns shows (a) that the three constructions are not interchangeable and (b) that the preferential differences among the three verbs find an explanation in the compatibility between lexical and constructional semantics. The description is mainly based on data from the British National Corpus.
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Ivanova, Svetlana Viktorovna, and Svetlana Nikolaevna Medvedeva. "Applying constructional approach to second language teaching and learning." SHS Web of Conferences 127 (2021): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112701016.
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The inevitability of addressing constructional approach in modern linguodidactics is caused by the crisis in teaching practices aimed at providing students with a set of static information. The ever- and fast-changing nature of the modern system of knowledge leads to the necessity of teaching students how to search for, analyze and critically assess actual language data. The paper discusses problems and prospects of applying constructional approach in second language teaching and learning and posits an algorithm of studying construction semantics of the ‘noun + get + adjective’ construction as an example. The research methods include analysis and synthesis for identifying problems and prospects of introducing constructional approach in second language learning. A set of resultative meanings of the ‘noun + get + adjective’ construction is obtained by way of semantic clusterisation. As a result, major advantages and challenges of applying constructional approach to second language teaching and learning are established. The paper emphasizes the need for students to have a sufficient theoretical basis in language typology and corpus linguistics. The current research also offers an algorithm of construction analysis and includes a listing of key resultative meanings of the ‘noun + get + adjective’ construction and its restrictions. The results can be of certain interest for corpus linguistics and construction semantics. Prospects for the future research in this field reside in developing strategies aimed at introducing construction grammar in the learning process and cataloguing constructions within different types of languages as well as identifying dependencies between constructional patterns and types of languages.
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BOAS, HANS C. "Construction Grammar in the twenty-first century." English Language and Linguistics 11, no. 3 (November 2007): 569–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674307002390.
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Adele Goldberg, Constructions at work: The nature of generalization in language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. vii + 280.Goldberg's new work ‘investigates the nature of our knowledge of language, how that knowledge is acquired by children, and how crosslinguistic and language-internal generalizations can be explained’. It builds on earlier research on Construction Grammar (CxG) by Fillmore (1986), Lakoff (1987), Fillmore, Kay & O'Connor (1988), and Goldberg (1995), among others. Since the mid-1990s constructions have become more and more popular as an alternative to Chomsky's (1995) Minimalist Program, but it was not until the new millennium that CxG reached a new level of interest that resulted in an ever-growing body of research (for an overview, see Fried & Östman 2004). Besides numerous articles and monographs, the increased interest in CxG is evidenced by a book series and an e-journal devoted to constructional research, as well as the bi-annual International Conference on Construction Grammar (ICCG). The publication of Goldberg (1995) inspired much constructional research over the past decade, most notably Croft's (2001) typologically oriented approach to CxG and Tomasello's (2003) constructional account of language acquisition.
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Kochańska, Agata. "Cognitive grammar, speech acts, and interpersonal dynamics: A study of two directive constructions in Polish." Cognitive Linguistics 26, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 61–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0090.
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AbstractThe present study offers an analysis of two directive constructions in Polish: the V2sg.imp.imperf + midat ‘me’ construction and the (Proszę ‘I request’) + Vinf construction. The two constructions are problematic for speech act theory in that they may be used in a range of different contexts, where they convey different illocutionary forces and produce different interpersonal effects. Hence, it remains unclear how, or indeed whether at all, the illocutionary force and the interpersonal effects of utterances employing the two constructions may be tied to their respective grammatical make-ups. This, in turn, raises two related questions: (i) what motivates the use of each construction in specific contexts? and (ii) how can hearers interpret the construction's specific import in specific interactive circumstances?The claim made in this study is that each construction imposes a particular schematic construal upon the conceived scene, including also ground elements, such as the speaker, the hearer, and their interactive circumstances. The conventional schematic meaning of each construction is motivated by the meanings of its components. Being schematic, the construal conventionally associated with each construction is compatible with a whole range of specific actual interactive circumstances. However, in each specific usage event the intended specific import of the construction may easily be interpreted, given the interactive and interpersonal information saliently present in the context.
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Wiliński, Jarosław. "On the Brink of-Noun vs. On the Verge of-Noun: a Distinctive-Collexeme Analysis." Research in Language 15, no. 4 (December 30, 2017): 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rela-2017-0024.
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This paper uses the terminology of Construction Grammar (Goldberg 1996; 2006) and a corpus-based method to investigate a pair of semantically similar constructions and the lexemes that occur in both of them. The method, referred to as distinctive-collexeme analysis (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004a), seeks to identify lexemes that exhibit a strong preference for one construction as opposed to another: in other words, to uncover subtle distributional differences between two semantically or functionally near-equivalent constructions. On the basis of the case study dealing with the on the brink of- noun construction versus the on the verge of- noun construction, the paper shows that there are lexemes that prefer one of the investigated patterns over the other. Moreover, the results of the distinctive-collexeme analysis reveal that the frame-constructional semantics is a relevant factor in the choice between these two patterns.
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AKITA, KIMI, and TAKESHI USUKI. "A constructional account of the ‘optional’ quotative marking on Japanese mimetics." Journal of Linguistics 52, no. 2 (May 20, 2015): 245–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226715000171.
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This paper proposes a constructional account of the longstanding issue of the optional quotativeto-marking on manner-adverbial mimetics (or ideophones) in Japanese. We argue that this optionality comes from the availability of two morphological constructions – the bare-mimetic predicate construction and the quotative-adverbial construction – to a set of mimetics. On the one hand, the bare-mimetic predicate construction incorporates previously identified phonological, syntactic, and semantic conditions of the bare realization of mimetics. This construction is instantiated by bare mimetics (e.g.pyókopyoko‘jumping around quickly’) in combination with their typical host predicates (e.g.hane-‘jump’), and they behave as loose complex predicates with more or less abstract meanings. As with ‘say’- and ‘do’-verbs, these complex predicates involve quasi-incorporation, which is a constructional strategy for the morphosyntactic integration of mimetics into sentence structures. On the other hand, the quotative-adverbial construction introduces mimetics to sentences with a minimal loss of their imitative semiotics. This fundamental function is consistent with the wide distribution of quotative-marked mimetics.
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Van Hulle, Dirk, and An Laffut. "Texts under construction, constructions under scrutiny." English Text Construction 1, no. 1 (March 7, 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.1.1.01van.
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Skrebtsova, T. G. "Lexicalized forms of the Russian perception verbs as a constructional family." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 43 (2021): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/74/20.
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In the present study, lexicalized forms of the Russian perception verbs are treated from the construction grammar perspective. The lexicalized forms were drawn from the modern dictionaries of Standard Russian and supplied with appropriate usage examples from the Russian National Corpus. The paper presents a detailed overview of the forms concerned, encompassing both their formal and semantic features. Each lexicalized form is argued to be a construction, in the special sense accorded to the term in construction grammar. Moreover, not only lexicalized forms as listed in the dictionaries but also their specific instantiations (allowing for the variability of the verb form and the addition of extra elements, e.g., particles) are claimed to be constructions. The paper particularly focuses on the analysis of manifold relations between constructions. In construction grammar, this problem has been given scanty coverage, scholars largely concentrating on taxonomic relations between more and less schematic constructions. This particular type of relations can be said to manifest itself in the links between lexicalized forms and their instantiations. However, the data at hand make it possible to identify a number of other relations. These include the links between lexicalized forms and the corresponding verb as well as semantic relations including homonymy and polysemy, complete and partial synonymy. Taken together, they form an integrated network of relations, both formal and semantic. This is natural, given the fact that the corresponding verbs belong to the same lexical group. The paper argues for the term constructional family to be used in such cases. The constructional family is thus a subset of constructional networks.
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Harry, Otelemate G., and Larry M. Hyman. "Phrasal Construction Tonology." Studies in Language 38, no. 4 (December 8, 2014): 649–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.38.4.01hym.
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Although it is common for “replacive” tonal patterns to be assigned by word-level morphological constructions, it is far less common for such overriding schemas to be assigned by specific phrase-level syntactic constructions. Kalabari, an Ijo language of Nigeria, does exactly this: Whenever the noun is preceded by a modifier, it loses its tones and receives different “melodies” depending on the constructional word class of the preceding specifier/modifier, either /HL/, /HLH/, /LH/, or /L/. In this paper, we first document the assignment of these different syntactic melodies and then provide evidence for how they developed diachronically. We then present a brief survey of other linguistic phenomena which partially resemble the Kalabari system, but conclude that tone is the only phrasal phonological property that can be assigned by construction from word to word.
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Boas, Hans C. "The syntax–lexicon continuum in Construction Grammar." Framing 24 (December 10, 2010): 54–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.24.03boa.
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This paper offers an alternative analysis of Goldberg’s (1995) account of communication verbs appearing in the ditransitive construction. Based on a more finely-grained frame-semantic analysis of constructional phenomena, it is shown that generalizations over specific syntactic frames are possible at different levels of semantic abstraction. This, in turn, allows us to make across-the-board generalizations that hold not only between lexical units evoking the same frame, but also between lexical units belonging to different frames at different levels of abstraction. The resulting network of constructions combines Goldberg’s proposals regarding the status of abstract-schematic constructions with item-specific knowledge regarding the specific lexical units, with various midpoints in between. This approach has the advantage that there is no need for fusing lexical entries with abstract meaningful constructions, thereby avoiding some of the problems that arise due to the separation of syntax and the lexicon in some constructional approaches.
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Holme, Randal. "Construction grammars." AILA Review 23 (December 9, 2010): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.23.07hol.
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Constructions are the central unit of grammatical analysis in cognitive linguistics. In formal linguistics ‘construction’ referred to forms that were projected from lexical items rather than from an autonomous syntax. Thus, an expression, ‘I danced the night away’ requires an intransitive verb in a transitive construction provided ‘away’ is present. In cognitive linguistics, constructions comprise any grouping of words or morphemes that in combination possess meanings that cannot be predicted from the parts in isolation. This meaning belongs to the construction itself and is not necessarily dependent upon the presence of a given item of lexis. If this definition is accepted by second language teachers the fundamental interest is that language learning is about learning lexis, constructions, and the text types by which constructions are combined. This article first distills a concept of a construction useful to a pedagogical grammar and considers the relationship of this concept of form to better known language content ‘packets’ such as the structure and the lexical phrase. Last, it discusses how a CL concept of construction does and does not propose different pedagogical methods.
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Boas, Hans C., Benjamin Lyngfelt, and Tiago Timponi Torrent. "Framing constructicography." Lexicographica 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 41–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lex-2019-0002.
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Abstract Constructicography can be defined as a blend between Construction Grammar and Practical Lexicography, which aims at developing constructicons: repositories of form and function pairings in a language. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of this emerging field by (i) tracking the origins of both Frame Semantics and Construction Grammar and the repercussions of their intertwined developments to Computational Lexicography and Constructicography; (ii) comparing the impacts of the different degrees of interconnection between constructicons and framenets and (iii) discussing the possible applications of these resources. Also, we argue that Constructicography, while obviously building on the accumulated knowledge compiled by numerous Construction Grammar approaches to language, also contributes to its mother theory, since the effort to build coherent formalized computational resources forces constructionist analysis to go beyond describing families of constructions into the enterprise of describing a coherent construction grammar of a language.
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Smith, Chris A. "Productivity from a Metapragmatic Perspective: Measuring the Diachronic Coverage of the Low Level Lexico-Grammatical Construction Have the N (Body Part/Attitude) to ↔<Metapragmatic Comment> Using the COHA." Languages 8, no. 2 (March 23, 2023): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages8020092.
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This paper seeks to address the relation between semantics, pragmatics and the productivity of a low level lexico-grammatical construction, Have the N (body part/attitude) to ↔metapragmatic comment. The question posed is how semantics affects productivity, in the generative sense of extensibility of a construction (a form meaning pairing). The method identifies the specificity and variations of the Have the N (body part/attitude) to ↔metapragmatic comment construction within the pragmeme of politeness using the COHA. Hereafter, we consider how to measure the extensibility within the onomasiological frame based on the available pool of forms expressing an attitude/emotion, i.e., the coverage or attractivity of the Have the N to construction. The paper discusses the findings, namely, how to overcome methodological issues relating to a qualitative rather than quantitative approach to the constructional architecture and the relative productivity of constructions. The experimental small scale corpus study of Have the N to in the COHA suggests that a global view of constructional architecture at multiple levels should be pertinent to identifying the extensibility potential of the construction.
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Silva, Augusto Soares da, and Susana Afonso. "Construções reflexiva, recíproca e média de clítico nulo no português brasileiro reconceptualização de eventos e emergência de uma nova construção." Linguística: Revista de Estudos Linguísticos da Universidade do Porto, esp (2021): 151–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/16466195/lingespa8.
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tuguese se constructions, posited in the transitive continuum, have a constructional counterpart in which the clitic is absent. The null clitic construction, observed in all the seconstructions (i.e. reflexive, reciprocal, middle, anticausative, passive and impersonal) is more frequently used in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) than in European Portuguese (EP). The phenomenon has largely been studied from a morphosyntatic lens or as a result of an ongoing deletion of clitics in BP, shying away from the possible implications in terms of the semantic differentiation between overt and null se constructions. This chapter focuses on reflexive, reciprocal and middle se constructions and aims to investigate what factors determine the choice between overt seconstructions and their null counterpart. Based on an extensive usage-feature and profile-based analysis, and using multivariate statistical methods, we show that reflexive, reciprocal and middle null se constructions are associated with a reconceptualization of an event as non-energetic or absolute, profiling the result of the event. On the other hand, the overt counterpart profiles the moment of change, construing the event as energetic. Reflexive and reciprocal constructions are more frequently encoded by an overt se construction whereas middle construction (in all its subcategories) is more frequently encoded by the null se construction. The study concludes that null reflexive, reciprocal and middle se constructions are new constructions semantically differentiated from overt se constructions, which, we argue, has wider implications, namely for reconceptualization of voice patterns in BP which tend towards ergativization.
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Hunston, Susan. "Patterns, constructions, and applied linguistics." Constructions in Applied Linguistics 24, no. 3 (August 27, 2019): 324–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.00015.hun.
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Abstract This paper proposes an alignment between aspects of pattern grammar (Francis, 1993; Hunston & Francis, 2000) and construction grammar (Goldberg, 2006). Pattern Grammar describes the grammatical behaviour of individual words at a specific level of generality. The paper claims that grammar patterns and the groups of words identified as occurring with them can be used to propose candidate constructions. This claim is illustrated with verbs and with adjectives. The paper proposes that the term ‘construction’ be used to refer to a sub-set of instances of a grammar pattern, that sub-set identified by the occurrence of a limited set of node words. It also proposes that the Pattern Grammar reference resources that are already available be reconfigured as a constructicon. The paper discusses how constructions could be presented to (English) language teachers and learners and how a constructicon might be organised.
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Veselov, Vitaliy. "Operation of Buildings and Constructions on Transport." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 20, no. 1 (March 20, 2023): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2023-1-161-171.
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Purpose: To analyze the organization of safe operation of transport infrastructure facilities, their maintenance, routine repairs and working control in terms of building constructions. To establish the imperfections of regulatory documents for building and structure projection, construction and exploitation, to develop recommendations on quality improvement for facility safe operation organization. Methods: Analysis of regulatory documents (State Standards, Codes of Rules, Technical Regulations, Federal Laws, etc.), the results of technical inspection of constructional structures of buildings and facilities, the quality assessment of construction and exploitation of facilities including transport infrastructural ones. Results: Overview and analysis of the organization of safe operation of transport infrastructure facilities on all stages of lifecycle are given. The reliability and operability of constructional structures of buildings and facilities on transport depends on projection quality and the presence in specified documentation of full value section on facility exploitation, compliance of construction-installation works with specified documentation, timeliness, the presence there of the completeness and quality of working control, maintenance and routine repairs of a facility. Acting regulatory documents require particular practical recommendations or references on terminology regulations, additions and clarifications. The specificities of maintenance, routine repair and working control for constructional structures of buildings and facilities, the issues of their conformity and condition assessment as well as of reliability support in accordance with acting legislation are considered. Practical significance: "Instructions for Safe Exploitation of Foundations and Constructional Structures of Infrastructural Objects of St. Petersburg Subway" has been developed which has been introduced into the practical activities of Tunnel Construction Service for State Unitary Enterprise "St. Petersburg Subway", imperfections of regulatory documents at projection, construction and exploitation stage have been identified, recommendations on improving the quality to organize safe exploitation of buildings and constructions during the development of regulatory documents have been proposed.
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Lindström, Jan K. "On the place of turn and sequence in grammar." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 507–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.24.3.04lin.
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This study elaborates the concept of a positionally sensitive grammar with respect to the sequentiality of turns and the turn constructional units in conversation. The linguistic object of the analysis is clausal constructions in Swedish that are initiated by the finite predicate verb: Polar questions, receipt questions (news receipts), conditional protases and pro-drop declaratives. These constructions share potentially the same syntactic surface pattern but are constrained by different sequential conditions of use. The study proposes an integrated interactional linguistic analysis which takes into account both syntactic and sequential aspects of turn construction. A grammatical attribute-value matrix, based on the framework of construction grammar (CxG), is introduced. The analysis shows that regularities of sequential organization may provide robust distinctive constructional features while a pure syntactic analysis remains less distinctive. The decisive constructional features are systematically captured by a notation designed for sequential and syntactic organization.
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Jelinek, Jan Amos. "Recreation of Construction Patterns by 4-, 5- and 6-year-old Children 70 Years Ago and Today. Comparison of Test Results." Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny 42, no. 2 (August 28, 2023): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2023.42.2.77-91.
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Introduction: Recreation of construction patterns is an important form of supporting students’ cognitive development. Unfortunately, a lack of research makes it impossible to characterise the skills of contemporary children. Research Aim: To establish the current ability of pre-school children to reproduce constructions and to determine how these skills have changed in relation to research conducted 70 years earlier (Popiel, 1955–1957). Method: In order to compare the results of the research conducted, the tools were recreated and the method of the research conducted 70 years earlier was repeated. Seven finished constructions were presented to the children and the method of recreating them was recorded. The description included the method of construction and the correctness of the reconstructed construction. Results: The level of reproduction of the constructions is similar. However, modern children are better at recreating more difficult constructions. The small number of subjects limits the generalising power of the results of the study. Conclusions: The results of the study shed some light on children’s constructional abilities. They indicate that the situation of recreating constructions can be used as a form of supporting children’s mental development. The differences in the results of the studies indicate that caution should be exercised in citing research findings on the construction skills of children living many years earlier. Research is needed to explore these issues in more depth.
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Beuls, Katrien, and Remi van Trijp. "Computational construction grammar and constructional change." Computational Construction Grammar and Constructional Change 30 (December 19, 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.30.01beu.
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