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Journal articles on the topic 'Construction Workers' Strike'
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Hall, David J. "The Construction Workers' Strike on the Canadian Pacific Railway, 1879." Labour / Le Travail 36 (1995): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143972.
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DRINOT, PAULO. "Fighting for a Closed Shop: The 1931 Lima Bakery Workers' Strike." Journal of Latin American Studies 35, no. 2 (May 2003): 249–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x03006771.
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This article uses the 1931 strike by the Lima bakery workers' union as an optic through which to study the politicisation of industrial relations in the context of the emergence of populist politics in Peru. Faced with a loss of control over the bakery workforce and a hostile and ineffective system of collective bargaining, the union turned to an alternative strategy in its attempts to gain control over the workforce and the productive process. It presented itself as a bulwark against labour militancy and sought to establish political ties to the Sánchez Cerro government. Although the strategy was largely unsuccessful, this case study illustrates the extent to which Peruvian workers played an active role in the construction of populist politics in the 1930s.
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Mann, Keith. "Christian Chevandier, Cheminots en greve: ou la construction d'une identite (1848–2001). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose, 2002. 399 pp. 20 € paper." International Labor and Working-Class History 65 (April 2004): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904260136.
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Christian Chevandier's Cheminots en Greve is a social, political, and institutional history of railroad workers in France from 1848 to 2001. It is told from the standpoint of the role of strikes in forming the occupational identity of these workers, known in France as cheminots (Chevandier finds the earliest use of the expression dating back to 1898; by the 1930s the Academie Francaise officially recognized it as a French word). Cheminots belong to various crafts and trades. They drive the trains, repair locomotives and rolling stock in shops and factories, sell tickets in stations and collect them in trains. Although the book is largely structured around a chronological account of railway strikes, Chevandier looks beyond the strike for sources of cheminot identity. These include the evolving structure of the French railroad system from private companies to state ownership, the role of skill and technological change, and especially union strategies, structures, and above all divisions. Along the way he revisits earlier treatments of French labor and railworker history, and takes up old historiographical controversies debating, confirming, and refuting well-known scholars from Annie Kriegel to historians of a younger generation like George Ribeill and Atsushi Fukasawa.
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Saptari, Ratna. "The Politics of Workers' Contention: The 1999 Mayora Strike in Tangerang, West Java." International Review of Social History 53, no. 1 (April 2008): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900700332x.
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This paper aims to examine the interplay between individual subjectivities and collective action during a strike which occurred at a moment of political transition in Indonesia from Suharto's authoritarian regime to a more democratically inclined government. It attempts to highlight some of the problems in understanding the nature of protest and collective action and the construction of workers' identities. By following the sequence of a strike, we are able to see the collaborations and conflicts between the leaders and those who are central in the protest action and those who are at the margins; between those who join and those who do not join but hope to obtain the benefits of the results. This also means that it provides us with a better understanding of the complexities involved when we refer to “consciousness”, “identities”, and “experiences” as analytical constructs. Such a focus can counter the often simplistic links made between action and intent, between the economic circumstances and political action.
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Henry, Robin. "“IN OUR IMAGE, ACCORDING TO OUR LIKENESS”: JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR. AND RECONSTRUCTING MANHOOD IN POST-LUDLOW COLORADO." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 16, no. 1 (January 2017): 24–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153778141600044x.
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John D. Rockefeller, Jr.’s reactions to the Colorado Coal Wars resulted in the creation of the Employee Representation Plan, better known as the Rockefeller Plan. While labor historians identify the Rockefeller Plan as a dynamic shift in labor-management relations, this article focuses on the lesser studied portion of Rockefeller's reconstruction plan, his program of soft reform and its effect on the construction of masculinity in the industrial West. For Junior, restructuring the work environment and the relationship between management and labor left reconstruction incomplete, and thus vulnerable to future crises. Beginning in 1914, Rockefeller provided support for local and national social organizations to work throughout southern Colorado in order to impart middle-class values to his workers. He believed that reconstructing their social and cultural values—from language to sexual behavior—would remove any socialist influences, and create a better workforce. By applying this type of pressure, Junior helped create an environment that supported local anti-vice movements, and validated a growing belief that law enforcement and legislation could be used to curb vice. Following the deadly strike, Rockefeller's attempts to transform his public image and industrial workers not only have implications for labor history, but also social and gender histories, in particular the construction of masculinity in the American West.As I understand you are a member of the Baptist Church. So am I. But I think you must be a very inconsistent one. You teach Sunday school in New York and let the devil run your business in Colorado. You and your managers are totally responsible for all the bloodshed that occurred in Colorado. If you had lived up to the law there would have been no strike in Colorado. It is human nature to suffer rather than resent and men do not go on strikes for the fun of it.1
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Bećirović, Denis. "Contribution to Research of the position and activity of Labour movements in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the end of the First World War until the beginning of the Husin Rebellion." Historijski pogledi 4, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2021.4.5.87.
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Based on archival material and relevant literature, this text analyses and presents the activities of the labour movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the first years after the end of the First World War. During this period, the struggle for workers'rights, mostly through strike actions, resulted, among other things, in an increase in wages, the introduction of eight-hour working days in most companies, the exercise of the right to elect workers' commissioners and trade unions. The workers managed to get other benefits related to the economic position of the workers, such as retail co-operatives, apartments, assistance in purchasing work suits, etc. Workers' representatives fought for a radically better position and a new place in society. In addition to eight-hour working days, higher wages and other demands to improve the material position of workers, strikes against the political disenfranchisement of workers were conducted during this period, as well as for political freedoms and democratisation of political life in the country. During 1919 and 1920, several strikes about pay were organised by miners, construction workers and metalworkers in the forest industry, catering workers and employees in Sarajevo, Tuzla, Bijeljina, Brčko, Zenica, Breza, Mostar, Zavidovići, Dobrljin, Lješljani, Maslovarama and Rogatica. It was part of over 125 strikes by workers in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the period of legal activity of the Socialist Labour Party of Yugoslavia (SLPY) (c), i.e. the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY) and its close trade unions. At the initiative of the SLPY (c) and united syndicates, public political assemblies were organised in Sarajevo, Tuzla, Zenica, Mostar, Brčko, Derventa, Vareš and Drvar, at which demands were put forward to dissolve the authorities, and organise democratic elections for the Constituent Assembly and demobilise the army. The aggravation of the political situation in the first post-war years was noticeable in many local communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In a number of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were physical confrontations between workers and security bodies of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. One such example occurred, in Zenica in mid-October 1920, when police banned the Communists' attempt to hold an assembly despite a previously imposed ban. On that occasion, the gathered mass of 2,500 workers refused to disperse and demanded that the assembly be held. After the police and the gendarmerie tried to disperse the gathered workers, there was open conflict. Workers threw stones at security officials, and they responded by firing firearms. The rally was eventually broken up, one worker was wounded and twelve workers were hurt during a clash with police. Owing to the increasing engagement of workers' representatives, the political situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina worsened. It was not uncommon to have open conflicts between workers and government officials. After the collapse of the Husino uprising, the position of workers deteriorated. Also, this paper discusses the impact of the revolutions in Eastern and Central Europe on the labour movement in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Doron, Israel, Ariela Lowenstein, and Simon Biggs. "Law and Intergenerational Relationships." Journal of Applied Gerontology 36, no. 3 (July 9, 2016): 277–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464815581480.
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Background: In any aging society, the sociolegal construction of intergenerational relationships is of great importance. This study conducts an international comparison of a specific judicial issue: whether active labor unions have the legal right to strike for the purpose of improving the benefits given to nonactive workers (specifically, pensioners). Method: A comparative case law methodology was used. The texts of three different Supreme Court cases—in the United States, Canada, and Israel—were analyzed and compared. Findings: Despite the different legal outcomes, all three court rulings reflect a disregard of known and relevant social gerontology theories of intergenerational relationships. Conclusion: Social gerontological theories can play an important role in both understanding and shaping judicial policies and assisting the courts in choosing their sociojudicial narratives.
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Bereszyński, Zbigniew. "Przemysł mineralnych materiałów budowlanych w latach 1971–1981. Boom inwestycyjny, zjawiska kryzysowe i narodziny „Solidarności”." Przegląd Archiwalno-Historyczny 9 (2022): 205–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2391-890xpah.22.011.17223.
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W 1971 r. nowe kierownictwo Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej na czele z E dwardem Gierkiem doprowadziło do wdrożenia nowej strategii gospodarczej, określanej jako strategia dynamicznego rozwoju. Strategia ta zaowocowała pozytywnymi zmianami m.in. w przemyśle mineralnym materiałów budowlanych. W latach siedemdziesiątych XX w. przemysł ten został znacznie rozwinięty i unowocześniony. Konsekwentna realizacja tej strategii okazała się jednak ostatecznie niemożliwa, głównie z braku dostatecznych środków finansowych. Początkowe sukcesy ustąpiły miejsca przejawom pogłębiającego się kryzysu społeczno-gospodarczego. Konsekwencją tego były m.in. różnego rodzaju sytuacje konfliktowe w zakładach pracy. Latem 1980 r. także w zakładach pracy przemysłu mineralnego materiałów budowlanych doszło do akcji strajkowych. W ślad za tym doszło do powstania struktur „Solidarności” w poszczególnych zakładach pracy oraz na szczeblu ogólnopolskim. Mineral construction materials industry in the years 1971–1981. Investment boom, crises, and the birth of “Solidarity” In 1971, the new leadership of the Polish United Workers’ Party, headed by Edward Gierek, introduced a new economic strategy, called the “strategy of dynamic growth”. This strategy brought about positive results, for instance in the sector of mineral construction materials. In the 1970s, this sector underwent intense development and modernization. In the end, the strategy was not consistently implemented, mainly due to the lack of sufficient financing. Over time, its initial success was overshadowed by the intensifying social and economic crisis, which resulted with conflicts in workplaces, among other consequences. In the summer of 1980, workers went on strike also in mineral construction material factories. This was followed by the formation of “Solidarity” branches in individual workplaces and at the national level.
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Patocka, Jiri, Josef Havel, and Eladia Maria Pena-Mendez. "What Does Garlic Smell Like?" Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 4, no. 9 (September 2023): 1346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1803.
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Garlic (Allium sativum) is an old cultivated plant that has been used by man for millennia for its extraordinary taste and great healing power [1]. The earliest records of the use of garlic come from Egypt. The ancient Egyptians were well aware of its healing properties and ate garlic in large quantities. A Papyrus from 1600 BC depicts a strike by workers working on the construction of the pyramid, protesting that they were not given garlic. The well-known Ebers papyrus, a collection of medical prescriptions 3500 years old, mentions the use of garlic in many diagnoses such as heart weakness, headache, intestinal parasites, eczema, gynecological problems, etc. [2]. The ancient Greeks and Romans also highly valued garlic as a medicinal vegetable. They were convinced that garlic cures coughs and clears the lungs of phlegm and pus. Doctors in China and India consider garlic to be a versatile medicine, treating everything with it: from colds to "aging" [3]. Garlic was first subjected to scientific investigation by Louis Pasteur in the mid-19th century when he studied its bactericidal effects [4]. Since then, garlic has been the subject of constant interest for many researchers.
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Wiegandt, Ewa. "Poznański Czerwiec w czasie powieściowym." Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka, no. 29 (March 1, 2017): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pspsl.2016.29.6.
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The article begins with the statement based on current research, that Poznań 1956 protests are little represented in literature. Subsequently, the article analyses the construction of character and temporal composition of several novels about the Poznań 1956 protests. The novels are arranged chronologically and divided into two parts: censored ones and those published without official approval and censorship. The first group includes Jeszcze miłość by Bogusław Kogut, Odyseja, odyseja by Marian Grześczak and Wióry by Krystyna Kofta. The second group includes Krótki żywot bohatera pozytywnego by Piotr Guzy, Ciemnia by Bogusława Latawiec, Krew by Andrzej Górny, and Węzeł by Józef Ratajczak. The first group, true to the course of history, represent the rise of the political thaw and the party regaining control over situation. The second group, because of the time of writing, cover a longer time and tend to universalize the theme. In novelistic representations of Poznań 1956 protests there are two strains: uprising-themed and strike-themed. It turns out that the latter is the least present, because most novelistic characters are party-members and intelligentsia, whereas workers and ordinary people are relegated to the background. Plotlines are arranged biographically, not chronologically, because the novels are narrated as internal monologues with retrospective memories. The novels written by authors from Poznań, or related to Poznań, focus on the provintial character of the city, as opposed to the centralist influence of Warsaw.
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Hägerdal, Hans. "Humanistiska notiser från Linnéuniversitetet." HumaNetten, no. 29 (November 27, 2015): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/hn.20122907.
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Charlotte Hommerberg, Persuasiveness in the discourse of wine. The rhetoric of Robert Parker (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i engelska.
Wirginia Bogatic, Exilens dilemma: att stanna eller att återvända: beslut i Sverige av polska kvinnor som överlevde KZ-lägret Ravensbrück och räddades till Sverige 1945-1947 (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i historia.
Joakim Stoltz, L’alternance codique dans l’enseignement du FLE: étude quantitative et qualitative de la production orale d’interlocuteurs suédophones en classe de lycée (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i franska.
Anette Almgren White, Intermedial narration i den fotolyriska bilderboken. Jean Claude Arnault, Katarina Frostenson och Rut Hillarp (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i litteraturvetenskap.
Fredrik Håkansson, Standing up to a Multinational Giant. The Saint-Gobain World Council and the American Window Glass Workers’ Strike in the American Saint Gobain Corporation in 1969 (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i historia.
Zara Bersbo, ”Rätt för kvinnan att blifva människa - fullt och helt”: Svenska kvinnors ekonomiska medborgarskap 1921-1971 (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2011). Doktorsavhandling i historia.
Simon Hartling, L’Autorité dissimulée – l’autorité manifeste. L’écriture de la violence chez Yasmina Khadra (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2012). Doktorsavhandling i fransk litteraturvetenskap.
Kirsten Husung, L’Ecriture comme seul pays. Construction et subversion des discours identitaires: hybridité et genre chez Assia Djebar et Nina Bouraoui (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2012). Doktorsavhandling i franska.
Ewa Bergh Nestlog, Var är meningen? Elevtexter och undervisningspraktiker (Växjö : Linnaeus University Press, 2012). Doktorsavhandling i svenska.
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Gall, Gregor. "The engineering construction strikes in Britain, 2009." Capital & Class 36, no. 3 (October 2012): 411–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309816812451713.
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The militant, unofficial grassroots-led engineering construction strikes of 2009 dominated the news in Britain for many months, attaining international prominence because of their alleged xenophobia. To mainstream commentators, they appeared to be a throwback to a distant past, and inexplicable given that only a very few groups of workers are now seen as having the capability to undertake such action. Indeed, conventional explanations relied on using the alleged xenophobia as the motivating and organising rationale. This article examines the strikes, explaining their genesis, dynamics and achievements as well as their limitations. A key finding concerns how an industry class consciousness played a critical role in facilitating the workers’ ability to mount militant and successful collective action.
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Passmore, David, Chungil Chae, Victoria Borkovskaya, Rose Baker, and Jeong-Ha Yim. "Severity of U.S. Construction Worker Injuries, 2015-2017." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 06038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199706038.
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Workers in the U.S. construction industry experience workplace hazards that can lead to work-related injuries that sometimes are fatal. Reported in this paper is a case-control study of risks factors associated with 4,845 injured workers and their work environments that led to fatal rather than nonfatal injuries during 2015-2017. These injury data originally were assembled from information collected by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics that were used in a machine learning competition, but were repurposed for this secondary analysis of injury risks. Sixty-one percent of workers recorded in this dataset were injured fatally. Multiple logistic regression was applied to model the probability of a fatal injury as a function of the nature of the injury, part of body injured, human factors involved, whether the injured worker was carrying out a regularly assigned task at the time of the injury, and the manner in which the injury was inflicted. Related positively, relative to benchmarks, to the probability of a fatality injury were: falls and strikes; electrocution; asphyxiation and drowning; injury to the head and neck; and working at a task not regularly assigned. Negatively related to the probability of a fatal injury were: chemical/temperature burns; amputation and crushing; fractures and dislocations; injuries to fingers, hands, wrists, and other extremities; and falls from an elevation or to the same level, although this last negative relationship is anomalous in the light of independent research findings. Findings of this study do not necessarily culpable causes of work-related death. Rather these findings identify risk factors that might prove fruitful for further analysis of the incidence, severity, and costs of construction injuries.
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McKnight, Heather. "Invisible Roots of Knowledge Production and their Role in Resistance to the Marketisation of Education." Excursions Journal 9, no. 1 (January 25, 2020): 118–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/exs.9.2019.245.
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Recent, highly visible, struggles in Higher Education in the UK, such as the pensions strike, have aimed to recast such protests as part of a bigger struggle to maintain the public university. Viewing the shared pension scheme as one of the last defining features of a public institution. However, Federici in her recent book Re-enchanting the World: Feminism and the Politics of the Commons warns us if we wish to change the university in line with the public construction of a ‘knowledge commons’ that there is a need to question “the material conditions of the production of the university, its history and its relation to the surrounding communities” (Federici, 2019) and not just the academics within it. There is a need to consider how debate on knowledge production is insulated from the invisible work that sustains academic life including cleaners, cafeteria workers and groundkeepers, as well as to consider the potential colonisation of land institutions are built upon (Federici, 2019). Narratives of resistance to marketisation in Higher Education, while well meaning, still create disproportionate invisibility on the grounds of gender, race and socio-economic status, ignoring the material and intellectual value of such contributions. This paper considers how Federici’s approach to the politics of the commons discredit, deconstruct and potentially transform approaches to resistance to marketisation in education. It argues that struggles against marketisation, or for academic freedom, should be seen in the broader scope of access to education for all, and a continuum of co-dependant knowledge production. It will consider how different structures of privilege and oppression structure what is represented, resisted and fought for within and by the institution. Issues that are seen as marginal or controversial can be avoided in increasingly legislated upon, and therefore risk averse, students’ unions and trade unions. Which in turn reproduces a student and staff body that similarly continue to propagate such damaging structures both within and out with the institution. A rethinking around who the knowledge producers are, can help us restructure the university as a commons that resists the violence of capitalist logic, rather than one that upholds it. Thus problematising and reconstructing how we view the idea of a future university commons, in a way that recognises intersectional oppression and a misuse of certain bodies as a commons in and off themselves.
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Artyukhova, Tat'yana Yur'evna, Oksana Anatol'evna Ben'kova, Ol'ga Vladimirovna Barkanova, Elena Prokop'evna Fedorova, and Aleksei Nikolaevich Artyukhov. "The Influence of Individual and Personal Characteristics of Social Workers on the Style of Professional Activity." Психолог, no. 1 (January 2023): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8701.2023.1.39601.
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The success of social reform largely depends on the level of professionalism of a modern social worker, the degree of manifestation of his abilities, capabilities and the optimal choice of ways and means of implementing his professional activity, which will more closely correspond to his individual characteristics. Object of research: professional activity of social workers Subject of research: individual and personal characteristics of a social worker as a factor in the formation of the style of professional activity The purpose of the study: to study the relationship of individual and personal characteristics and the style of professional activity of social workers. Research methods: 1. Ketell's 16-factor questionnaire, 2. Questionnaire of activity styles "SD 36" by A.D. Ishkovai N.G. Miloradova (adaptation of the questionnaire"LearningStylesQuestionnaire" by P. Honey and A. Mumford). 3. Research of individual style of professional activity (adapted for social workers) - A.I. Markova Thus, when studying the relationship between personal characteristics and the characteristics of the style of professional development of social workers, we determined that there is a relationship between personal attitudes and the features of the implementation of professional activities. It is also revealed that the qualification level has a significant impact on the nature of the relationship between personal characteristics and features of professional development. Thus, among social workers with the highest qualification category, with significant professional experience, there is a decrease in the intensity of the relationship between personal attitudes and features of professional development, which is due to personal characteristics: they have more pronounced indicators of dominance, high normativity of behavior, they are more independent in comparison with employees of the first category and are confident, conscientious, and responsible for their actions, are able to insist on their own, and strive to comply with established norms and rules
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Hoiri, Muhammad, M. Ikhsan Setiawan, and Diah Ayu Restuti Wulandari. "Implementation Of Construction Safety Management System on The Building Project of Haji Hospital Of Surabaya." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 2, no. 2 (April 17, 2022): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v2i2.304.
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Safety and accidents at work are the most serious thing to note, on building projects stroke center at Haji Hospital of Surabaya is still a lot of workers are less aware and less understanding about the safety and accidents caused due to neglect of the problem of workplace accidents. It is necessary to analyze the implementation of safety management system construction as well as the influence of the cost of the implementation of the project. This research method uses quantitative description based on the analysis about the application of the safety management system of construction on building projects stroke center Haji Hospital Surabaya, data collection through questionnaires (primary) which is distributed to 30 respondents consisting of the executive team (contractor), supervisory (MK) project and also some of the foreman of the workers, and observation and also documentation, where data is the results of the questionnaire were analyzed using the software IBM SPSS version 25, looking for the results of the multiple linear regression, T-test, an F-test. The results of linear regression analysis, T-test and F test obtained the value of T count > T table where X1 = 3,071, X2 = 5,5658, X6 = 3,006 and X7 = 3,560 and F count= 54,308 > F table = 2,46, the meaning that the variable of X1, X2, X6 and X7 are significant to application of safety management of the construction with the cost of implementation of construction projects
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Kelling, Gilbert. "Southern Uplands geology: an historical perspective." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 91, no. 3-4 (2000): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000821x.
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ABSTRACTFor more than two centuries the rocks of the Southern Uplands have provided successive generations of geologists with both illumination and frustration. This area furnished vital evidence to support Hutton's ideas of petrogenesis and his cyclical view of earth history. However, for much of the succeeding century construction of a credible and consistent stratigraphy and structure eluded the best efforts of the many workers drawn to this region. It was an English-born schoolmaster, Charles Lapworth, inspired by the ideas of foreign practitioners and fascinated by the hitherto-despised graptolite, who applied a technique (zonal stratigraphy) and developed a structural paradigm (isoclinal folding) that provided an elegant and coherent solution to the myriad problems bequeathed by previous attempts.So persuasive was Lapworth's model that the Geological Survey deployed its two finest mappers, Peach and Horne, to re-examine the entire region, using Lapworth's techniques. The outcome of that 10-year task is the monumental publication commemorated here. That work, and the ideas it espoused, remained virtually unchallenged for more than half a century and contributed to the application and elaboration of then-new geotectonic ideas, such as the geosynclinal concept.However, in the 1950s the application of new or neglected techniques (way-up criteria, turbidite sedimentology, greywacke petrography, microstructural analysis, etc.) led to drastic reappraisal of prevailing structural and stratigraphic models and introduced a new paradigm (colloquially termed the ‘Southern Uplands paradox’) that envisaged a dominant role for strike-parallel major reverse faults. In contrast to Lapworth's shale-based approach this new model focussed on evidence derived predominantly from the thick intervening greywacke sequences. Investigations led by the Edinburgh and St Andrews schools extended and amplified this new interpretation of Southern Uplands geology, elucidated details of the palaeogeographic setting and the evolution of both the depositional basins and the source areas, and suggested comparisons with other parts of the Caledonian-Appalachian orogen.The advent of plate tectonics revived interest in the Southern Uplands, first as a candidate subduction-related margin, then in the late 1970s an accretionary prism origin was proposed for the Southern Uplands imbricate thrust stack. The attractions of this hypothesis were manifest and it stimulated renewed activity by academics and the Geological Survey. Significant inconsistencies and perturbations in the simple accretionary prism concept have emerged from these more detailed studies and a range of convergence zone scenarios has been proposed. A Geological Society Meeting on the topic in 1986 furnished much new data and ideas but failed to yield conceptual consensus. Thus, as yet the latest Southern Uplands Controversy remains unresolved.Changes in the level of geological research activity in the Southern Uplands can be assessed from an analysis of the numbers of relevant publications appearing over five-year intervals. This survey reveals a pattern that broadly accords with the narrative outlined above and supports the concept of two complete and one as-yet incomplete cycles of model development and adoption. Each of these developmental cycles appears to follow the progression of stages in scientific development identified by Thomas Kuhn and common to many scientific disciplines.
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Yashnikova, Maria V., Elena L. Poteriyaeva, Boris M. Doronin, Vladimir N. Maximov, Elena L. Smirnova, and Svetlana A. Karmanovskaya. "Clinical and phenotypical features of stroke and forecast in workers under exposure industrial noise." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 61, no. 4 (May 25, 2021): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-4-231-237.
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Introduction. The problem of preventing the development of stroke in workers under the influence of harmful production factors is urgent. The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of stroke in men under conditions of industrial noise exposure, to establish the prognostic value in the formation and course of the disease. Material and methods. The study involved 71 men with stroke from 30 to 65 years old, who worked in conditions of industrial noise in the professions of "pilot of civil aviation aircraft" and "adjuster of railway construction machines" for 5 years or more. In order to develop a mathematical model for predicting the development of stroke and to establish an individual risk, a group of 81 men from 30 to 65 years old, working under conditions of exposure to occupational noise for 5 years or more, who had no history of stroke data, were also examined. Using the method of sequential inclusion of the studied risk factors (Forward Stepwise), we selected those that made an independent significant contribution to the development of stroke. Based on the results obtained, a logistic regression formula was created, which determines the likelihood of stroke in men working under conditions of occupational noise. Results. In the group of patients with stroke, persons of middle age were found significantly more often - 53.5%. Ischemic stroke prevailed among clinical forms - 90.1%. Among the risk factors prevailed: arterial hypertension (AH) in 100.0% of cases, dyslipidemia factor in 78.9%, smoking factor in 59.1%. A direct moderate correlation was found between the level of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and the index of the NIHSS 1 and NIHSS 2 scales. The influence of the following factors on the development of stroke was established: the level of total cholesterol (β-coefficient=1.0, p=0.001), the presence of atrial fibrillation factor (β-coefficient=2.9, p=0.004), the presence of a factor of alcohol abuse (β-coefficient=1.1, p=0.049), the patient has a diagnosis of grade 2 AH (β-coefficient=13, p=0.041) or a diagnosis of grade 3 hypertension (β-coefficient=1.8, p=0.008). A p(X) value exceeding 0.5 indicates a high risk of developing a stroke. The sensitivity of the proposed method was 76.1%, specificity - 74.1%. Conclusion. The proposed multivariate model is informative for the individual prediction of the development of stroke in men working in conditions of exposure to occupational noise, because reflects the degree of influence of one factor or another on the development of the disease.
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Tucker, Eric. "Who's Running the Road? Street Railway Strikes and the Problem of Constructing a Liberal Capitalist Order in Canada, 1886–1914." Law & Social Inquiry 35, no. 02 (2010): 451–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2010.01191.x.
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Street railway strikes in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were frequently the occasion for large‐scale collective violence in North American cities and challenged the capacity of local authorities to maintain civic order. However, this was only the most visible manifestation of the challenge that street railway workers' collective action posed to the order of liberal capitalism, an order constructed on several intersecting dimensions. Using the example of Canadian street railway workers from 1886 to 1914, a period of rapid urbanization and industrialization, this article explores the ways the collective action by workers and their community sympathizers challenged the workplace, marketplace, and “streetplace” orders of liberal capitalism. It discusses how those challenges were met through political and legal processes of resistance and accommodation, taking into account the fragmentation of state power, hostile public opinion toward the street railways, and conflicting views over the legitimate scope for workers' collective action.
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Pettersson, Hans, David Olsson, and Bengt Järvholm. "Occupational exposure to noise and cold environment and the risk of death due to myocardial infarction and stroke." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 93, no. 5 (January 8, 2020): 571–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-019-01513-5.
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Abstract Purpose The present study examined a possible association between occupational exposure to noise, working and living in cold conditions, and the risk of mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Methods The present cohort study consists of 194,501 workers in the Swedish construction industry that participated in health examinations between 1971 and 1993. Noise exposure was defined on a job-exposure matrix based on a survey of the working conditions carried out during the mid 1970s. All workers were categorised into three main regions of Sweden, differing in temperature: Reference (Götaland), colder (Svealand), and coldest (Norrland). Relative risks (RR) were analysed by negative binomial regression adjusting for age, BMI, and smoking habits. Results Moderate and high noise exposure was associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction (RR 1.10–1.13 with 95% CI over unit) and stroke mortality (RR 1.15 to 1.19 with 95% CI over unit). There was an increased risk for myocardial infarction (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20), but not for stroke mortality (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.94–1.25) associated with living and working in the coldest region. There was an interaction on the risk of myocardial infarction mortality between different regions and noise exposure (p = 0.016), but not for stroke mortality (p = 0.88). Conclusions The study indicates an interaction between working at hazardous noise levels and living and working in cold conditions for increased mortality in myocardial infarction.
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Greene, Julie. "Spaniards on the Silver Roll: Labor Troubles and Liminality in the Panama Canal Zone, 1904–1914." International Labor and Working-Class History 66 (October 2004): 78–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904000183.
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This article examines the experiences of Spanish workers during the construction of the Panama Canal by the United States from 1904 to 1914. Spaniards engaged in a wide range of protest actions during the construction years, from strikes to food riots to anarchist politics. Employing Victor Turner's concept of liminality, the article highlights the mutability of the Spaniards' position and identity and examines several factors that shaped their experiences: the US government's policies of racial segregation and the injustices Spaniards experienced; the political and racial identities they brought with them from Spain; and their complex racial and imperial status in the Canal Zone. Spaniards possessed a remarkably fluid racial identity, considered white or nonwhite depending on circumstances, and that shifting status fueled their racial animosities as well as their protests.
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Nilsen, Ann Christin E., and Tale Steen-Johnsen. "The early childhood care and development mission and the institutional circuit of evidence." Journal of Early Childhood Research 18, no. 1 (July 9, 2019): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476718x19860558.
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Early childhood care and development has increasingly become a part of the global development agenda. Fueled by a threefold rationale, rooted in development psychology, social economy, and human rights, the arguments for investing in early childhood care and development are virtually unassailable. However, this rationale is somehow at odds with insights developed within the sociology of childhood, emphasizing childhood as a social construction amendable to context and children’s own agency. Inspired by the methodological approach known as institutional ethnography, we explore how development aid workers respond to and enact the early childhood care and development mission. Building on interviews with development aid workers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, we describe how their actions, when justified, enter into institutional circuits where the demand for evidence is striking. By exploring development aid workers’ own work knowledge, including how they strive to be compliant with the early childhood care and development rationale, yet also oppose it, our contribution points to the importance of re-negotiating evidence in order to discover the blind spots that may be concealed within what we refer to as a “justification loop.”
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Kuizinaitė, Jurgita, Mangirdas Morkūnas, and Artiom Volkov. "Assessment of the Most Appropriate Measures for Mitigation of Risks in the Agri-Food Supply Chain." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (June 10, 2023): 9378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129378.
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The present paper embarks on an investigation of the main risks associated with agri-food supply chains. A total of 11 key risks, namely Natural disasters of a global or local scale; Workers’ strikes; Change in government regulations or safety standards; Supply chain disruptions due to social or political unrest; Short term raw materials or products (expiration issue); Seasonality; Food safety incidents; Lack of smooth interconnection with other chain participants and Market and pricing strategies, economic crises and seven root risks (Natural disasters of a global or local scale; Workers’ strikes; Change in government regulations or safety standards; Rapid deterioration of raw materials (expiration) due to seasonality; Food safety incidents; Fraud in the food sector; Market and pricing strategies, economic crises) are applicable to all four stages of the agri-food supply chains were identified. An expert survey together with the Best-Worst Multi Criteria Decision Making method was employed as the main research tools. The most important root risks for agri-food supply chains are natural disasters of a global or local scale; workers’ strikes; change in government regulations or safety standards; rapid deterioration of raw materials (expiration), seasonality; food safety incidents; fraud in the food sector; market and pricing strategies economic crises. The most appropriate risk mitigation measures for each of the root risks were derived and assessed.
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French, John D., and Alexandre Fortes. "When the Plumber(s) Come to Fix a Country: Doing Labor History in Brazil." International Labor and Working-Class History 82 (2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547912000336.
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Those with a sharp tongue might say that labor historians in contemporary Brazil operate in the shadows or, to be more accurate, the shadow cast by the success of Latin America's most famous trade unionist, who served as president from 2002–2010. The field's growth in the number and quality of practitioners, as well as the breadth of their ambitions, cannot be separated from the memorable metalworkers' strikes of 1979 and 1980, the subsequent defeat of the military dictatorship in 1985, and the construction of a militant trade unionism and the radical Workers' Party that ran Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva for president in five successive elections between 1989 and 2006.
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Guo, Yueping, Albert PC Chan, Francis KW Wong, Yi Li, Shu Sun, and Xiao Han. "Developing a hybrid cooling vest for combating heat stress in the construction industry." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 3 (December 4, 2017): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517743685.
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Many frontline workers in the Hong Kong construction industry have to perform physically demanding work under hot working conditions, which could reduce work efficiency and time and increase the occurrence of heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. This study aimed to develop a hybrid, new cooling vest to combat heat stress in the construction industry. Following the functional clothing design process, a problem identification was conducted. Preliminary ideas were formed through the analysis of available types, research, a survey, literature review, and brainstorming. The design was refined through the use of desirable phase change material packs, fans with high wind velocity/long duration, and fabrics with thin, vapor-permeable, wind/water/abrasion-resistant properties, and UV protection, as well as clothing ergonomic design that considers fit, mobility, convenience, and safety. The desirable thermal functional performance in the new cooling vest was previewed through a computer-aided design platform S-smart system. The design criteria were established and a prototype was developed. The environmental chamber testing results showed that, in a hot environment, the mean skin temperature (35.8℃ vs. 36.59℃), heart rate (110 beats/min vs. 116 beats/min), and core temperature of the subjects with the new cooling vest were significantly lower than those with the control (without the new cooling vest ). A significantly longer exercise time was obtained with the new cooling vest compared with the control (22.08 min vs. 11.08 min). Significant improvements in levels of coolness, dryness, comfort, and physical recovery were observed with the new cooling vest. Results suggest that the new cooling vest can reduce the thermal stress of construction workers and improve their work performance and comfort.
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Sivakumar, U., Rinku Garg, and Sunita Nighute. "Association between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Construction Workers-A Cross-Sectional Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211592989.
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Objective: COPD has been recognized not only as a lung but also a systemic disease. Smoking is a major cause of COPD, cardiovascular disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Physiology, Santosh Medical College diagnosed with COPD using Spirometry was recruited for the study with a sample size of 130 patients. Results: Of the 130 participants, the mean age was 51.73 years of all COPD patients. Thirty-seven (28.46%) were diagnosed to have PAD. Twenty-five patients (19.23%) were overweight, 10 (7.69%) were obese. All the patients included in the study had history of smoking, including current (n= 67, 51.5%) and former (n= 35, 26.9%) smokers. There was no patient with severe respiratory failure in our study. The most common cardiovascular co-morbidity was hypertension (n= 67, 51.5%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n =28, 21.5%), and dyslipidaemia (n= 35, 26.92%). PAD seen in different stages of COPD stage I –IV were 2.94%, 55.88%, 61.76%, 20.58% respectively. Conclusion: The diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease in COPD is important because this is an entity that limits the patient’s physical activity and impairs their quality of life. Lung function was not associated with PAD in patients with COPD. Abnormal ABI results were associated with a higher prevalence of risk factors and more severe lung disease. Keywords: Peripheral Arterial Disease, Smoking, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
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Wanzo, Rebecca. "The Other Replacement Theory." Film Quarterly 77, no. 1 (2023): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2023.77.1.81.
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With the success of M3GAN (Gerard Johnstone, 2023) and unfolding conversations about Artificial Intelligence (AI) informing the WGA and SAG-AFTRA strikes, FQ columnist Rebecca Wanzo explores the question of labor in the AI film. Noting the limited repertoire of AI representations in television and film, Wanzo asks why so few AI stories go beyond familiar narratives to instead explore the complexities of constructing a laboring future in a world with AI. Drawing upon examples ranging from Metropolis (1927) to Wall-E (2008), Wanzo finds reason for both optimism and pessimism about AI and workers’ lives.
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Sun, Wanbing. "Labor Market and Class Struggle from the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy." Modern Economics & Management Forum 4, no. 6 (December 26, 2023): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/memf.v4i6.1500.
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Within the viewpoint of Marxist political economy, inequalities in the labor market are regarded as products of class struggle under the capitalist system. These inequalities reflect the relatively disadvantaged position of the working class, who often face low wages, unstable working conditions, and exploitation. These injustices not only reflect economic structures but also deeply influence the construction of social status and power relations. Studying the organizational forms of the working class within this theoretical framework holds significant importance. Labor unions, as organizations representing workers' interests, undertake the responsibility of advocating for better working conditions and wages. Union organizations engage in collective actions, such as strikes and demonstrations, demonstrating the solidarity and strength of the working class, challenging the authority of the capitalist system.
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Haugen, Anni, and Sigrún Yrja Klörudóttir. "The involvement of family in child protection cases in Iceland." Journal of Comparative Social Work 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2015): 31–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v10i1.121.
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The aim of this study is to examine the involvement of families in child protection cases in Iceland, as well as to shed light on the attitudes of child protection workers on the importance of including families while working on child protection cases. The study is part of an international comparative analysis called: Social Work with Families: Social Workers’ Constructions of Family in Professional Practice. This article only addresses the Icelandic segment of the research. In the study, qualitative methods were used and three focus groups were conducted, in which the same three-step vignette about a child protection case was presented. The findings highlighted how difficult child protection workers found it to define the family. The main element is that family are those individuals closest to the child and connected to them through emotional ties, as Icelandic child protection workers seem to strive to involve family in child protection cases. However, there are signs which show that when working with more complicated cases the definition of a family becomes narrower, and involvement is restricted mostly to parents and grandparents. The findings also show that attitudes toward fathers differ from those toward mothers. The mother is expected to support and create security for the child, while the father is judged mostly on his violent behaviour and is not automatically regarded as providing support or actively taking responsibility for his child.
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Liu, Yiyang. "Research on key technology of narrow-type double-turn track crawler drilling rig." Vibroengineering Procedia 54 (April 4, 2024): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2024.23985.
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In view of the difficult construction problem of narrow roadway drilling rig, the design plan and technical requirements of the drilling rig were formulated, and the narrow-body double-turn track crawler was developed. The key technologies of the luffing device, the crawler body and the integrated operating valve were introduced. Research and verification of the reliability of the rig through field tests. The rig moves quickly and easily; The cylindrical column-double hydraulic drive turntable luffing device has compact structure; no rubber chuck have simple structure and convenient use which can save maintenance and cost; integrated operating valve have small size and less rubber tube Pipeline, which can be easy to repair; the open large stroke holder have the small width and large opening, which make it high reliability and good neutrality. Development of narrow double turntable crawn rigs, shorten the auxiliary operation time of the rig in a narrow roadway, improves the safety of on-site workers, providing technical support for improving the construction efficiency of narrow road rigs.
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Glaser, Jason R. "SS51-04 PROTECTION, RESILIENCE, EFFICIENCY AND PREVENTION (PREP) - PREPARING WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS FOR A CHANGING CLIMATE." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0303.
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Abstract Introduction Chronic kidney disease of non-traditional origin (CKDnt) is a global health emergency, with epidemics identified in several tropical regions. Manual sugarcane cutters with the highest levels of workload are at high risk of developing the disease. Other industries impacted include construction, mining, salt pans, and brick production. These settings have in common physically demanding work, high environmental temperature, and poor labor protections. Objectives Without prevention, CKDnt epidemics will likely accelerate due to climate change. In response, we established PREP (Prevention, Resilience, Efficiency and Protection), a workplace intervention program designed to prevent heat strain and kidney damage among workers at a sugarcane mill in Nicaragua with the aim to adapt the program to other geographies and industries. Results Despite initial implementation challenges a 72% reduction of cross-harvest kidney injury, a 94% reduction in hospitalized acute kidney injury due to heat stroke, a 22% ROI for the employer and increase of productivity of at least 10% were achieved. With treatment and remediation costing at least 1000% more per person than prevention, CKDnt inaction is depleting health systems. Significance for policy and practice PREP has already expanded to other sugarcane mills and other industries at risk for heat stress and CKDnt. Climate change means more extreme temperatures in already impacted regions, and the likelihood that regions further north and south of the equator will also be impacted by CKDnt. It is essential to develop a model to protect worker health and productivity. Occupational heat stress and resulting CKDnt require increased attention and resources.
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Schiöler, Linus, Mia Söderberg, Annika Rosengren, Bengt Järvholm, and Kjell Torén. "Psychosocial work environment and risk of ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease: a prospective longitudinal study of 75 236 construction workers." Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 41, no. 3 (March 18, 2015): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3491.
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Lee, Jason Kai Wei. "SS51-01 PROJECT HEATSAFE AND THE SOUTHEAST ASIA HEAT HEALTH NODE – AUGMENTING HUMAN HEALTH, SAFETY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN THE BOILING TROPICS." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (July 1, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.0300.
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Abstract Introduction Tropical climate implies that many humans are chronically exposed to hot conditions. While we have psychologically adapted to our climate, its impact on our health and wellbeing has not diminished. People whose vocations are based outdoors are particularly vulnerable to environmental heat, which can be detrimental to health, well-being, and work productivity. If workers cannot or do not take rest in relation to heat stress, accidents, and serious health effects such as heat stroke death, can occur. Materials and Methods In partnership with governmental agencies, Project HeatSafe is a collaborative research project that consists of physiologists, economists, geographers, epidemiologists, and scientists from a range of disciplines. Results Based on selected objectives listed below, key findings will be shared during the presentation: (i) impact of heat stress on workers' productivity and wellbeing via physiological measurements and ethnographical surveys; (ii) economic costs due to productivity loss; (iii) interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on constructions workers. Conclusions We seek to understand the complex threat that heat-exposure poses to human health, well-being, and work productivity in Singapore and other tropical countries such as Vietnam and Cambodia; and to identify sustainable preventive policies and actions that can reduce these impacts. A Southeast Asia Heat Health node will also be established in 2024 to augment human health and productivity in a boiling world.
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Talmaki, Sanat A., and Vineet R. Kamat. "Sensor Acquisition and Allocation for Real-Time Monitoring of Articulated Construction Equipment in Digital Twins." Sensors 22, no. 19 (October 9, 2022): 7635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197635.
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The visibility available to an equipment operator on a dynamic construction site can often be blocked by various obstacles such as materials, temporary or permanent facilities, other equipment, and workers. Equipment monitoring in real-time digital twins can thus play a crucial role in accident prevention. This paper develops a scalable technical approach and presents a prototype application framework for transmitting real world sensor data to update 3D equipment models inside a graphical digital twin for concurrent visualization of a monitored construction operation. The developed framework and workflow can be extended to visualize any construction operation, as it occurs, inside a dynamic 3D world simply by outfitting the real equipment with appropriate sensors and connecting them to their virtual counterparts. The implemented proof-of-concept interface is described in the context of a real-time 3D digital twin for assisting excavator operators prevent unintended strikes with underground utilities. Experiments to validate the proposed technical approach by simulating the real-time motion of a backhoe loader’s articulated arm using orientation sensors installed on its boom, stick, and bucket are described. The experimental results characterize the scope and potential reasons for spatio-temporal discrepancies that can occur between a monitored real operation and its replicated digital twin. The effect of an operator warning mechanism based on preset safety thresholds is also investigated and described.
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Sun, Xiaohan. "China Collective Negotiation in COVID-19: What We learn from a Comparative Analysis of China, the United States and Germany." American Journal of Trade and Policy 7, no. 2 (September 20, 2020): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v7i2.486.
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Labor conflicts can be solved by an efficient collective bargaining system with consensus-based. Since the economic uncertainty caused by COVID-19, employers have been shut down or have had to reduce operations drastically and many employers want to furlough or dismiss employees under certain circumstances in China. Meanwhile, many workers have lost income. Since workers have gone back to the worksite in March 2020, labor unrest has spread out in order to ask for wage arrears in the manufactory, construction, and service sectors in terms of strikes map from China Labor Bulletin. The paper targets on three different countries with top economies, and examines its bargaining models to keep industrial peace. The paper argues that China bargaining model under state-control strongly depends on government intention for intervention where there is labor unrest, and the system less focuses on self-governance which may result in a hard time to maintain industrial resources, even though the state issued the related policies to highly encouraged companies to hold a negotiation before the lay off workers, reduce wages or work time in order to be employed. While fewer polices and China traditional command-and-control regulation models could not provide an efficient approach to relief labor unrest in the pandemic, Germany's bargaining model is more flexible to provide an example for new governance and co-determination. Also, the bargaining model with sector-level reforms could do more for the United States private sectors in order to the corporation instead of adversarialism. From a comparison among three collective bargaining models, the paper concludes the approaches to protect workers’ rights from global perspectives.
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Jung, Yeo-Joo, and Jeong-Rang Lee. "A Study on the Emotional Labor Experiences of Novice Social Workers." K Association of Education Research 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2024): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.48033/jss.9.1.17.
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This study aimed to explore the experiences of emotional labor among novice social workers. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight novice social workers, within their first three years of employment, working in cities and counties in Chungcheongnam-do, followed by qualitative analysis. The essence of the emotional labor of novice social workers was extracted into 14 sub-components and 6 core meanings. Participants work as professionals, but the environments they work in are different from what they expected. Social workers' duties sometimes escalate into various violent situations from problematic clients, and they also experience fear of intervening in someone's life. They feel stifled by the demands of the bureaucratic hierarchy. Despite choosing this path willingly, they contemplate whether to pursue a different career but seek to rediscover their calling as social workers. They strive to grow as professionals and hope for measures to prevent emotional labor so that social workers can continue working sustainably. Lastly, this study is significant in that it identifies the reality of emotional labor among novice social workers, providing policy and practical evidence. However, the study is limited in its generalizability as it only involves novice social workers in municipal facilities in the Chungcheongnam region.
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Yeoh, Cheng Wooi, and Wan Chung Law. "A case report of near-missed heat stroke." Medicine 102, no. 51 (December 22, 2023): e36676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000036676.
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Rationale: Heat-related illnesses have protean manifestations that can mimic other life-threatening conditions. The diagnosis of heat stroke requires a high index of suspicion if the patient has been exposed to a high-temperature environment. Central nervous system dysfunction is a cardinal feature. Strict adherence to temperature criteria can potentially lead to misdiagnosis. Patient concerns: A 37-year-old construction worker was brought in by his wife and coworker due to a sudden loss of consciousness while resting after completing his work. Diagnoses: Due to challenges faced during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, as well as language barriers, a detailed history from the coworker who witnessed the patient’s altered sensorium was not available. He was initially suspected of having encephalitis and brainstem stroke. However, subsequent investigations revealed multiorgan dysfunction with a normal brain computed tomography and cerebral computed tomography angiogram. In view of the multiple risk factors for heat stroke, pupillary constriction, and urine color suggestive of rhabdomyolysis, a diagnosis of heat stroke was made. Interventions: Despite delayed diagnosis, the patient’s multiorgan dysfunction recovered within days with basic supportive care. Outcomes: There were no noticeable complications on follow-up 14 months later. Lessons: Heat stroke can be easily confused with other neurological pathologies, particularly if no history can be obtained from the patient or informant. When approaching a comatose patient, we propose that serum creatinine kinase should be considered as an initial biochemical screening test.
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Valjevac, Mujo, Ekrem Bektašević, Kemal Gutić, Noris Sakić, and Denijel Sikira. "EXPLOITATION AND PROCESSING OF TECHNICAL STONE FROM QUARRIES PLJEŠEVAC NEAR KISELJAK." Glasnik Rudarsko-geološko-građevinskog fakulteta 12, no. 12 (July 2024): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2303-5161.2024.12.12.23.
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Today, technical stone is a material that is used on a huge scale, and its annual consumption in the world is expressed in thousands of millions of tons. The demand for construction, such as houses, hospitals, hotels, schools and so on, has expanded, especially in developing countries. One of the key elements that increases the demand for such products is the numerous government infrastructure projects and maintenance programs. All levels of government in Bosnia and Herzegovina strive to implement good infrastructure, because in this way they enable trade, support industry, connect workers with jobs, and in this way bring hope for prosperity in these areas. The paper gives a brief overview of the production and processing of dolomite from the "Plješevac" quarry near Kiseljak as a positive example from the practice of "production and processing from raw material to final product". Key words: quarry, dolomite, aggregate, technical stone, exploitation, processing
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Pradhan, Bandana, Tord Kjellstrom, Dan Atar, Puspa Sharma, Birendra Kayastha, Gita Bhandari, and Pushkar K. Pradhan. "Heat Stress Impacts on Cardiac Mortality in Nepali Migrant Workers in Qatar." Cardiology 143, no. 1-2 (2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500853.
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Background: Qatar is a major destination country for Nepali migrant workers (NMWs; main age range 25–35 years) in the construction trade. These 120,000+ NMWs are exposed to various occupational hazards, including excessive heat, and 3–4 workers die each week. Our study aimed to show whether heat exposure caused deaths. Methods: The worker population and mortality data of NMWs were retrieved from government institutions in Nepal. Heat exposure was assessed by monthly estimates of daily wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), for in-shade conditions, from data collected at the Doha weather station from 2009 to 2017. Working in the sun during the middle of the day would add 2–3°C to the in-shade WBGT values. Daily deaths and their causes were obtained from the records of the Foreign Employment Promotion Board (FEPB) in Nepal, 2009–2017. Interviews with returning NMWs about their working conditions and the impacts of these conditions added information. The association between the heat variable and mortality was tested with standard statistical methods. Results: The average annual death rate for NMWs in Qatar was 150 deaths/100,000. According to interviews, the majority of NMWs were found working in high WBGT (>31°C) each working day during hot months. The major cause of these deaths was recorded as cardiovascular problems (cardiovascular disease; CVD). Unfortunately, the causes of death were poorly described, and many deaths were listed as “cardiac arrest.” We included these deaths in the broader category of “cardiovascular causes.” There was a strong correlation between average monthly afternoon heat levels (WBGT) and CVD mortality. It is likely that a large proportion of these CVD deaths during hot months were due to serious heat stroke. Global studies show that approximately 15% of deaths in the age group 25–35 years are due to CVD causes. However, in this NMW population, the figures were 22% during the cool season and 58% during the hot season. Conclusions: The increased CVD mortality during hot periods is most likely due to severe heat stress. As many as 200 of the 571 CVD deaths during 2009–2017 could have been prevented if effective heat protection had been implemented as a part of local occupational health and safety programs. There is an urgent need for protection against such heat effects among NMWs, and rising temperatures from ongoing climate change are further increasing the health risks. Cause of death records for workers dying in hot conditions should be more precise than “cardiac arrest.”
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Asher M.S, Tyler D., and Ian McAndrew. "Heat Illness Prevention in the Outdoor Workplace." Health Informatics - An International Journal 10, no. 02 (May 31, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/hiij.2021.10201.
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In the construction industry a large amount of work is completed outdoors where the sun may expose or heat up rooms that can affect employees while working. This research will recognize how companies combat with heat illness and heat prevention methods to keep employees healthy and safe while working in high temperatures. Each year in the United States thousands of employees fall ill to heat related illnesses, stem from heat rash to heat stroke, which can be fatal, if not treated properly. Research will examine what standards are required by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) and how many participants companies currently abide by those standards. Every day that employees who work outdoors or in high temperature facilities go without proper training and education about heat stress, the number of cases will rise and more will become ill to heat related complications. This study will give prevention methods to help keep American workers safe.
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Loginovskiy, O. V., A. A. Shinkarev, M. E. Koval, M. V. Yadryshnikova, and D. V. Starodubtcev. "DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM FOR DETECTING MOVEMENTS OF WORKERS IN WORKPLACE BASED ON OPENCV AND ONE-STAGE DETECTOR ALGORITHM." Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 23, no. 2 (April 2023): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr230203.
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It is a known fact that companies strive to cut their production costs. One of the most effective ways to reduce costs is to automate processes, for example, replacing employees with various robots or information systems. Often, at a construction site or a large-scale production, it is necessary to monitor employees' work. In its simplest form, monitoring can be carried out with the help of video cameras and people who view recordings from these cameras. However, this entails labor costs, taxes and other expenses. So, what one can do instead is introduce a system that tracks movements of workers, which will likely reduce the costs described above. To this day, machine learning and computer vision algorithms have developed quite strongly and allow the implementation of such tracking systems. There are already ready-made versions of tracking systems based on computer vision algorithms, but they are expensive, which makes them suitable only for large-scale industries. Another option is to develop your own tracking system, taking into account the nature of the business in which you plan to implement it. Aim. The authors aim at analyzing technologies that can be used to develop a system for tracking workers’ movements and proposing an implementation of such a system using machine learning algorithms and neural networks. Materials and methods. The authors give an overview of current solutions of monitoring systems based on RFID techno-logies, computer vision, GPS, and motion sensors, highlighting their pros and cons. The authors consider existing methods for motion detection based on computer vision and review known algorithms for detecting workers in special clothing. The YOLOv5 algorithm, consisting of backbone, neck and head, is considered in detail. Results. In the article, the authors provide a description of algorithms used for machine learning, computer vision, and neural networks. They propose an implementation of a system monitoring workers’ movements. They describe the modules that make up the tracking system and a diagram of the interaction of the modules, as well as the development of a motion detection algorithm and an algorithm for determining workers in special clothing.
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Khaliq, Kishwer, Omer Chughtai, Abdullah Shahwani, Amir Qayyum, and Jürgen Pannek. "An Emergency Response System: Construction, Validation, and Experiments for Disaster Management in a Vehicular Environment." Sensors 19, no. 5 (March 7, 2019): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051150.
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Natural disasters and catastrophes not only cost the loss of human lives, but adversely affect the progress toward sustainable development of the country. As soon as disaster strikes, the first and foremost challenge for the concerned authorities is to make an expeditious response. Consequently, they need to be highly-organized, properly-trained, and sufficiently-equipped to effectively respond and limit the destructive effects of a disaster. In such circumstances, communication plays a vital role, whereby the consequences of tasks assigned to the workers for rescue and relief services may be streamlined by relaying necessary information among themselves. Moreover, most of the infrastructure is either severely damaged or completely destroyed in post-disaster scenarios; therefore, a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is used to carry out the rescue operation, as it does not require any pre-existing infrastructure. In this context, the current work proposes and validates an effective way to relay the crucial information through the development of an application and the deployment of an experimental TestBed in a vehicular environment. The TestBed may able to provide a way to design and validate the algorithms. It provides a number of vehicles with onboard units embedded with a credit-card-size microcomputer called Raspberry Pi and a Global Positioning System (GPS) module. Additionally, it dispatches one of the pre-defined codes of emergency messages based on the level of urgency through multiple hops to a central control room. Depending on the message code received from a client, the server takes appropriate action. Furthermore, the solution also provides a graphical interface that is easy to interpret and to understand at the control room to visualize the rescue operation on the fly.
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Qin, Xin, Peter W. Hom, and Minya Xu. "Am I a peasant or a worker? An identity strain perspective on turnover among developing-world migrants." Human Relations 72, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): 801–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726718778097.
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Developing-world rural migrants provide crucial labor for global supply chains and economic growth in their native countries. Yet their high turnover engenders considerable organizational costs and disruptions threatening those contributions. Organizational scholars thus strive to understand why these workers quit, often applying turnover models and findings predominantly derived from the United States, Canada, England or Australia (UCEA). Predominant applications of dominant turnover theories however provide limited insight into why developing-world migrants quit given that they significantly differ from UCEA workforces in culture, precarious employment and rural-to-urban migration. Based on multi-phase, multi-source and multi-level survey data of 173 Chinese migrants working in a construction group, this study adopts an identity strain perspective to clarify why they quit. This investigation established that migrants retaining their rural identity experience more identity strain when working and living in distant urban centers. Moreover, identity strain prompts them to quit when their work groups lack supervisory supportive climates. Furthermore, migrants’ adjustment to urban workplaces and communities mediates the interactive effect of identity strain and supervisory supportive climate on turnover. Overall, this study highlighted how identity strain arising from role transitions and urban adjustment can explain why rural migrants in developing societies quit jobs.
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Sauer, Beverly A. "Revisioning Sixteenth Century Solutions to Twentieth Century Problems in Herbert Hoover's Translation of Agricola's De Re Metallica." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 23, no. 3 (July 1993): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/a74f-jd7q-m01j-b6nr.
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This article analyzes Herbert C. Hoover's translation of the De Re Metallica (1956) in the context of the 1922 Mine Strikes. The De Re Metallica combines practical instruction in mining techniques with a philosophical justification of the practice of mining. In Book I of the De Re Metallica, Agricola consciously constructs a rationalized science of metallurgy and mineralogy to enable expert miners to profit in a risky enterprise. Analysis of the text thus reveals that Hoover's interest in Agricola's “intellectual achievements” may have been more than technical. The economical and political assumptions that drive Agricola's arguments—justification of mining as a profit-making enterprise, his notions that accidents occur because workers are careless, and his rhetorical use of the notion of scientific expertise—framed many of the early twentieth century debates between mine operators and union organizers. In revisioning Agricola's arguments in the context of Hoover's own Principles of Mining and his statements in the 1922 Mine Crisis, this article demonstrates how technical documents reflect the political ideologies of their writers and how political arguments presented as purely technical debates shape the uses and construction of future technologies.
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Salwin, Mariusz, Karolina Pszczółkowska, Michał Pałęga, and Andrzej Kraslawski. "Value-Stream Mapping as a Tool to Improve Production and Energy Consumption: A Case Study of a Manufacturer of Industrial Hand Tools." Energies 16, no. 21 (October 27, 2023): 7292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16217292.
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Manufacturing companies strive to minimize costs, maximize efficiency and improve production quality, which is crucial for market competitiveness. As companies grow and technologies evolve, increasingly complex challenges arise in effectively managing and improving production processes. One of the tools that helps companies improve their processes is value-stream mapping (VSM). The article focuses on the use of VSM in the production process of hand tools used in the construction industry. The paper presents selected aspects of the optimization of the production process using the mapping concept. The research identified and characterized the most important processes occurring in the production of hand tools used in construction. Then, basic data on the value stream was collected and the need for improvements and actions aimed at optimizing the value stream was indicated. Financial results, key performance indicators (KPIs), machine operation and reliability, energy consumption in the production process and overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) before and after improvements were calculated. The analysis carried out allowed for the optimization of the production process in terms of economy and energy consumption. As a result of the improvements, the productivity of injection-molding workers increased by 9.4% and the overall equipment efficiency by 18%. The machine availability rate increased from 70.3% to 85.2%. After implementing the improvements, the company is able to save approximately 295,488 kWh annually, i.e., approximately EUR 53,253, while 1 kWh currently costs producers in Poland EUR 0.18. The conclusions and results described in the paper constitute a solid basis for further development of an improvement project for the selected company.
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Salih, Rafal Khalid, and Wajdi Sadik Aboud. "Smart Robotic Exoskeleton: Constructing Using 3D Printer Technique for Ankle-Foot Rehabilitation." Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC) 4, no. 4 (August 10, 2023): 537–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v4i4.18429.
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Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), stroke, and coronavirus patients must undergo a rehabilitation process involving programmed exercises to regain their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). This study focuses on the rehabilitation of the foot-ankle joint to restore ADL through the design and implementation of a rehabilitation exoskeleton with three degrees of freedom (abduction/adduction, inversion/eversion, and plantarflexion/dorsiflexion movements). increase the patients cause worker fatigue, emotional exhaustion, a lack of motivation, and feelings of frustration, all contributing to a decrease in work efficacy and productivity. The robotic exoskeleton was developed to overcome this limitation and support the medical rehabilitation section. The main goal of this study is to develop a portable exoskeleton that is comfortable, lightweight, and has a range of motion (ROM) compatible with human anatomy to ensure that movements outside of this range are minimized, the anthropometric parameters of a typical human lower foot have been considered. In addition, it's a home-based rehabilitation device which means the exoskeleton can be used in any environment due to its lightweight and small size to accelerate the rehabilitation process and increase patient comfort. The proposed autonomous exoskeleton structure is designed in Solid Works and constructed with polylactic acid (PLA) plastic, the reason PLA was chosen is its lightweight, available, stiff material, and low cost, using 3D printing technology the exoskeleton was manufacturing. Electromyography (EMG) and angle data were extracted using EMG MyoWare and gyroscope sensors, respectively, to control the exoskeleton. It was evaluated on its own then with 2 normal subjects and 17 patients with stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), and coronavirus. The limitation that has been faced was that the sessions were limited due to the limited time provided for the study. According to the improvement rate, the exoskeleton has a significant impact on regaining muscle activity and improving the range of motion of foot-ankle joints for the three types of patients. The rate of improvement was 300%, 94%, and 133.3% for coronavirus, SCI, and stoke respectively. These results demonstrate that this exoskeleton can be utilized for physiotherapy exercises.
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Huang, Mingli, Zhang Zhien, Bingyi Chen, and Hongkun Wang. "Field Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Frame Support Structure Composed of Subway Foundation Pit Retaining Pile and Steel Strut Rigid Joint." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (August 29, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1243282.
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In order to study the advantages of frame support structure composed of rigid joint between steel strut and retaining pile in restraining the lateral displacement of retaining structure and maintaining the stability of foundation pit, foundation pit failure test was carried out. Compared with the traditional support structure, which can only bear pressure composed of steel strut and retaining pile lap joint, the variation characteristics of pile lateral displacement and support axial force of frame support structure under the influencing factors, such as weak stratum, pit side loading, groundwater level rise, and support drop, are studied. The test results show that, compared with the traditional steel strut, the pile-strut frame support structure can not only bear the compressive stress, but also the tensile stress caused by the lateral displacement of the top of the retaining pile outside the foundation pit. The overall stability is better, and the axial force distribution of each layer of support is more uniform so as to reduce the overall lateral displacement of the retaining pile. In the process of foundation pit collapse, the frame support structure will not have the problem of strut falling, which can maintain part of the support capacity, prolong the collapse time of retaining piles, strive for more escape time for front-line construction workers, and reduce the number of casualties.
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Ideguchi, Makoto, Masao Matsutani, Akira Sato, Shoichi Muraya, Toshiko Takahashi, and Akiko Omata. "NQPC-7 Rehabilitation program toward reinstatement support based on network construction among related departments for the patients after treatment of brain disease including brain tumor." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_6 (December 1, 2021): vi22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab159.084.
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Abstract Introduction: We have conducted a rehabilitation program to support a return to work for patients with brain disease since 2019. The program focuses on independence in the home environment; physical ability for desk work, commuting and conversation; and concentration and executive ability in the office. The “Promotion of Health and Employment Support” document of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare has been used to update the program since May 2021. Here, we report the status of this program.Methods: Patients desiring employment reinstatement attended the program. A doctor first gave an overview. Social workers then used the QLQ-C30/BN-20 questionnaire to assess mental and physical health, a therapist evaluated physical and higher cognitive function, and nurses advised on work-life balance and mental state. This information was used to develop suitable rehabilitation for each patient. The employment situation was surveyed after discharge. Results: The program included 77 patients (55 men, 22 women, mean age 54) from January 2019 to July 2021, after treatment for stroke (n=55), brain tumor (n=14), and traumatic brain injury or other conditions (n=8). FIM (94.2) and MMSE (26.3) at admission indicated that almost all patients were independent in ADL. A return to work was achieved by 25 (83%) of the 30 patients that could be investigated, including all 4 with brain tumors. The period until reinstatement was <1 month in 16 cases, but >1 month in 3 with brain tumors. The program was found useful by 26 patients (86%). Employment reinstatement was not achieved due to company reasons and family circumstances. Only 4 patients were interviewed by an industrial physician. Conclusion: The physical and cognitive functions of patients wishing for employment reinstatement were relatively well maintained. Cooperation with the company, information sharing with an industrial physician, and adjustment to the home environment were also important for reinstatement.
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HÄBERLEN, JOACHIM C., and RUSSELL A. SPINNEY. "Introduction." Contemporary European History 23, no. 4 (October 2, 2014): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777314000289.
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It might seem trivial and mere common sense to note that revolts and revolutions are deeply emotional moments. In history books and newspapers, we read about the tense and emotionally charged atmosphere that leads to violence when protestors confront police forces, or about furious and passionate crowds acting in defiance of the ideal of rational and coldblooded politics. But rage and anger are not the only emotions involved in the politics of protest. Consider the iconic photographs of the summer strikes during the French Popular Front in 1936, depicting smiling workers occupying their factories and construction sites, or the cheering crowds storming the Berlin Wall in November 1989. Or consider the genre of protest songs, telling stories of solidarity and hope as well as deep sorrow. At times, social and political movements even made feelings their central concern, such as the hippy movement with its calls for free love. On the other side of the political spectrum, conservative as well as social democratic observers often denounced protests and riots as politically irrelevant outbreaks of hatred, or mocked the ‘hysterical’ fear of the peace movement during the 1980s. Somehow, these examples suggest, feelings mattered, yet how precisely they mattered is rarely investigated. The essays in this special issue will address this question in order to enrich our understanding of protest movements, revolts and revolutions. Collectively, they intend to open a theoretical and methodological debate on the role of emotions in the politics of protest and resistance.
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Tarasiuk, V. "СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ СПОРТИВНОЇ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ УКРАЇНИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ІНТЕРНЕТ-ВИДАНЬ)." State and Regions. Series: Social Communications, no. 2(54) (July 10, 2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/cpu2219-8741/2023.2(54).6.
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<p><strong>Purpose.</strong> The purpose of the research is to identify and generalize the trends characteristic of the development of sports journalism in Ukraine at the current stage of the development of domestic mass media and, accordingly, to form a portrait of the requirements for a modern domestic sports media worker.</p><p><strong>Research methodology.</strong> To achieve the goal, a set of research methods was applied. In particular observation, comparison, analysis (helped to clarify the essence of key concepts, elaborate scientific literature, identify trends that accompany the functioning of sports journalism, the possibilities of their influence on media activity), genre (played a role in clarifying the genre features of journalistic materials), synthesis (contributed to the formation of blocks of trends in the development of sports journalism in Ukraine and the construction of the article), generalization (influenced the formulation of intermediate and general conclusions).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong> <em>Sports journalism is under the influence of digital and Internet technologies. This affects the intensification of its development, the operational component, promotes the promotion of traditional mass media and the emergence of new ones, in particular through social networks, on the World Wide Web. </em><em></em></p><p><em>Sports journalism in Ukraine is also characterized by the weakening of professional standards, the dependence of media workers on information sources, local clubs, organizations, and institutions.</em></p><p><em>Often, sports journalists are forced to form a picture of the day subjectively due to the refusal of experts to comment. </em></p><p><em>An important feature of modern sports journalism in Ukraine is that its representatives strive for universality in their work, perform duties at a multifunctional level.</em></p><p><em>The promotion in the Internet space contributes to the activation of the use of information genres. To a lesser extent, authors use analytical genres and the value of journalistic investigation and artistic and journalistic genres are not sufficiently appreciated.</em></p><p><em>From the point of view of topics journalists pay less attention to problems in children’s, women’s and veteran sports, instead they learn more about topics that can ensure financial success for websites and improve their attendance. </em></p><p><em>Sports network media mainly perform informative, advertising and entertainment functions, while the functions of public control and social criticism are almost invisible. At the same time, in connection with the Russian-Ukrainian war, the role of the ideological function in domestic means of communication has increased.</em></p><p>Taking into account the observed trends, a portrait of the requirements for modern domestic sports media workers has been formulated.</p><p><strong>Novelty.</strong> The main trends affecting the development of domestic sports mass media have been identified, systematized and understood, and requirements for journalists with appropriate specialization have been formulated based on their analysis.</p><p><strong>Practical meaning.</strong> The published results on the topic of the study can be taken into account when training media personnel for the needs of sports journalism, with the aim of improving its functioning, in the process of studying the psychology of creative workers of sports media.</p><p><strong>Key words:</strong> sports journalism, Internet media, development trends, genre, journalist, site.</p>