Journal articles on the topic 'Construction Processes not elsewhere classified'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Construction Processes not elsewhere classified.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Construction Processes not elsewhere classified.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
LENZ, DANIEL, and ROBERT V. MOODY. "Stationary processes and pure point diffraction." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 37, no. 8 (July 4, 2016): 2597–642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/etds.2016.12.
Full textAbstract:
We consider the construction and classification of some new mathematical objects, called ergodic spatial stationary processes, on locally compact abelian groups. These objects provide a natural and very general setting for studying diffraction and the famous inverse problems associated with it. In particular, we can construct complete families of solutions to the inverse problem from any given positive pure point measure that is chosen to be the diffraction. In this case these processes can be classified by the dual of the group of relators based on the set of Bragg peaks, and this gives an abstract solution to the homometry problem for pure point diffraction.
2
Sayin, Baris, Mahmut Sarı, and Cemil Akcay. "Classification and resolution procedure for disputes in public construction projects." Revista de la construcción 20, no. 2 (August 2021): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.20.2.259.
Full textAbstract:
Construction sector, which is associated with approximately two hundred sub-sectors in terms of employment area, plays the role of locomotive sector in economic development of countries. This feature of the sector affects economy directly and indirectly. Despite this positive contribution of the sector, disputes are inevitable between parties –administration and contractor– in a bid, contract and implementation processes, which are parameters of the construction process. Formal judicial process applied for the purpose of resolving disputes encountered in construction projects that the public assumes the role of employer, takes a long time. Therefore, while contractor is exposed to financial losses, administration cannot conclude public investment. In the study; disputes in public construction projects are classified, and proposals preventing disputes are presented. In this scope, firstly, 174 of 10591 disputes submitted to Court of Cassation, and 84 of 102 disputes submitted to Directorate of High Technics Board are selected regarding public construction projects. In the second stage, parameters causing disputes are classified under six main items. Thirdly, reasons of the disputes for each classification are detailed, and then proposals are presented for prevention of the disputes based on FIDIC (International Federation of Consulting Engineers) contract forms. Finally, a resolution procedure is developed for the processes including bid, contract and implementation phases based on FIDIC. By the presented proposals for GCCW (General conditions of construction works) official resolution paths can be reduced to a minimum, and the processes result positively for administration and contractors. It is concluded that the developed procedure is suitable as a practical tool for resolution process of the disputes in the public construction projects.
3
Kim, Hyeong-Soo, Deuk-Soo Oh, and Seung-Hee Kim. "Cloud-based ERP construction process framework in the customer’s perspective." Computer Science and Information Systems, no. 00 (2022): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis211230045k.
Full textAbstract:
Process frameworks for the implementation of cloud enterprise resource planning (ERP) were derived and each process was examined through detailed comparisons with on-premise ERP construction processes, using process engineering characteristics. The process frameworks for implementing cloud ERP are classified into infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), platform-as-a-service (PaaS), content-as-a-service (CaaS), and software-as-a-service (SaaS), depending on the construction type, and are defined based on 6 derived processes, 21 activities, and numerous specific tasks. The process engineering characteristics of the final proposed process framework were further analyzed and examined in comparison to on-premise ERP construction processes with respect to differences and similarities. This study provides a theoretical foundation of standardized research on cloud ERP construction methods. As a practical guideline for stakeholders, it can be used in practice as a process tailoring tool, providing information on specific activities and tasks for each construction phase, contributing to the construction and spread of reliable cloud-based ERP systems from the customer?s perspective.
4
Tian, Guo Liang. "Research on Application of New Concrete Silo Construction Technical System." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1577–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1577.
Full textAbstract:
considering the development of concrete silo structure in recent years and engineering characteristics of large reinforced concrete silo, construction processes and structures of concrete silos are classified and general construction technical system is formed through innovation of construction technique and process. The general construction technical system focuses on adjustable drawbar climbing formwork system, inside drawbar-free climbing formwork system and whole lifting and towing integrated climbing formwork system, is featured with integrated construction and has multiple technical units, which could be combined flexibly to adapt to certain requirements of different projects. This method not only has flexible process, but also possesses uniform construction technique and process.
5
Teriö, Olli, Jaakko Sorri, Kalle Kähkönen, and Jukka Hämäläinen. "Environmental index for Finnish construction sites." Construction Innovation 14, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-06-2013-0030.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The primary aim of this study was to better understand the grounds to develop a monitoring and performance measurement method to support the environmental management of construction operations. The practical purpose was to improve environmental activities in construction sites. This study helps to fill the gap between environmental needs and practices on construction sites. Design/methodology/approach – Action research was the principal research method. The research procedure was executed in collaboration with construction companies. The EICS meter was originally developed to create rules for environmental competition between construction sites. Since the time of this competition, the meter has been further improved in other studies. Findings – Based on the literature and feedback gained in the testing round of the EICS, five relevant categories were formulated to evaluate environmental operations: environmental information management, waste management, material handling and shielding, energy use and emissions. A simple index method was applied for these five categories. Furthermore, observation targets and acceptance criteria were defined for these categories. The meter supports environmental management in practise. The method can be used to analyse the starting point level when developing environmental processes. Originality/value – This study offers insights based on action research for both academics and practitioners. The meter is outlined for Nordic conditions, but the structure of the method is also suitable elsewhere. The national demands can be locally fine-tuned.
6
Oh, Sung Hoon. "Automatic Wood Classifying System to Produce Renewable Fuels from Construction Waste." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 2038–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.2038.
Full textAbstract:
Automatic wood classifying system was developed to sort wood only from construction waste such as vinyl, plastic, and wood in order to produce renewable fuels. Automatic classifying processes are performed in the following order, step1: crushing, step2: analysis in the form of a mixture with water, step3: collection and transporting of floating materials, step4: classifying float materials with blower system. To classify a mixture of wood that are classified by air wind volume and classifying wood reliability can be varied depending on air wind volume. And, vinyl and plastic are difficult to classify due to increase in weight with water during the processes. Therefore, the number of times the experiment was repeated to get the optimal air volume to control it. In this experiment, the air wind volume is very important part.
7
Chehayeb, Amir, Mohamed Al-Hussein, and Peter Flynn. "An integrated methodology for collecting, classifying, and analyzing Canadian construction court cases." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-122.
Full textAbstract:
Construction contracts are becoming more complicated, and the increase in complexity of construction processes, documents, and conditions of contracts has contributed to a higher possibility of disputes and conflicting interpretations. The judicial system has been the means for dispute resolution for claims that cannot be solved through other means such as negotiation and arbitration. Knowledge of previous outcomes of judicial processes will both inform participants in a dispute and increase the likelihood of a less-expensive out-of-court dispute-resolution process. This paper presents a methodology to classify, categorize, and analyze Canadian case-law construction claims. In total, 567 Canadian construction court cases have been collected from 10 different sources and are classified into 12 categories that follow the Canadian Construction Documents Committee (CCDC) standard construction contract document CCDC 2-1994. The proposed methodology is implemented in a computer-integrated system called the Canadian construction claim tracker (CCCT), which consists of one central database and three modules, namely a statistical module, a prediction module, and a classification module. The CCCT provides its users with easy and quick access to past case-law claim information.Key words: construction courts, claims, litigation, artificial neural networks, Canadian Construction Documents Committee.
8
O'Regan, Patrick W., Jennifer M. Ní Mhuircheartaigh, Timothy G. Scanlon, and Martin J. Shelly. "Radiology of the Mesentery." Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 35, no. 04 (July 2022): 328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744481.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe recent description and re-classification of the mesentery as an organ prompted renewed interest in its role in physiological and pathological processes. With an improved understanding of its anatomy, accurately and reliably assessing the mesentery with non-invasive radiological investigation becomes more feasible.Multi-detector computed tomography is the main radiological modality employed to assess the mesentery due to its speed, widespread availability, and diagnostic accuracy.Pathologies affecting the mesentery can be classified as primary or secondary mesenteropathies. Primary mesenteropathies originate in the mesentery and subsequently progress to involve other organ systems (e.g., mesenteric ischemia or mesenteric volvulus). Secondary mesenteropathies describe disease processes that originate elsewhere and progress to involve the mesentery with varying degrees of severity (e.g., lymphoma).The implementation of standardized radiological imaging protocols, nomenclature, and reporting format with regard to the mesentery will be essential in improving the assessment of mesenteric anatomy and various mesenteropathies.In this article, we describe and illustrate the current state of art in respect of the radiological assessment of the mesentery.
9
R. Majeed, Hamsa, Wadhah A. Hatem, and Nidal A. Jasem. "Evaluation of Documentation System in Iraqi Construction Projects." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 6, 2021): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14405.
Full textAbstract:
In Iraq, the construction industry is considered one of the main sectors that contribute strongly to the Iraqi economy. Documentation is a process of collecting documents from past and current works of corporations, then archiving and classification of information to become easy and useful for reuse in the future. The aim of this study is to investigate the reality of documentation in the Iraqi construction industry and how to improve archiving and classification of documents and how documentation can be useful used in contractor and consultant corporations. This research has been conducted through literature reviews followed by a field survey. 80 questionnaires were distributed to contractors and engineering offices. 70 useful questionnaires were received from respondents with an 87% response rate. The findings indicated that the construction projects in the Diyala governorate are applying documentation. The study found that foundations classified and updating the documents as printed and written files and computer files, but foundations lack computer programs and web models for easy archiving and discovery of documents, documentation system currently used doesn't prevent Confusing, conflict in schemas because they still used Auto CAD and paper documentation. The large number and accumulation of paper documents are also considered the most often problem in the documentation system currently used, and construction projects don't have a database for all information related to projects where, it is limited to cabinets full of paper documents, which causes a waste of time and effort when searching for any document or information related to the projects. The study recommended that companies and foundations have to increase cost and effort consumed in the documentation process, improve the owner and staff abilities in computer and web applications, assign a key person for collection and archiving project documents, establishing an internet website for companies, or using cloud applications for storage of documents and sharing information.
10
Tai, Hui Xin, Yu Lan Yang, and Li Shen. "Analysis on Wall Material and Construction Technology of Traditional House in Yubei Village." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.187.
Full textAbstract:
Through the investigation on the traditional houses of ancient village existing in Yubei village, this paper analyzed and classified the characteristics of the shapes and the technologies of the walls of traditional house and has described the factors that have influenced their generation and development. Basing on the construction technologies, from four different material of the wall such as boulder wall，brick wall，wooden board wall and plaster on bamboo slat wall, it has studied corresponding properties of materials, basic processes, construction principles, art forms and so on and it has researched on some methods and rules of construction of wall of traditional folk house in Yubei village.
11
Hanif, Hanif, Abdulah Rakhman, and Muhammad Nurkholis. "The Construction of Entrepreneurial Accounting: Evidence from Indonesia." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 7, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2019.7.2(1).
Full textAbstract:
Objective - This research aims to identify a cultural theme embedded in entrepreneurial accounting and construct the form of entrepreneurial accounting. Methodology/Technique – A cognitive anthropology method is employed in this research to investigate the cultural atmosphere of entrepreneurial accounting. This is achieved by conceiving the atmosphere into informants’ (owner/entrepreneur-director) mind-set. The research was conducted at various Padang restaurants in Jakarta, Indonesia, that were classified into four groups based on their size and level of complexity. Finding and Novelty - Firstly, a number of cultural themes of entrepreneurial accounting are revealed among the four Padang restaurant groups. There are four similar cultural themes: (a) business process turbulence; (b) togetherness intensity; (c) informal control processes; and (d) formal control processes. Despite the fact that all of the restaurants have similar cultural themes, the elements embedded in each theme are different and require certain adjustments in the design of entrepreneurial accounting based on a profit sharing system. Secondly, a construction of entrepreneurial accounting coloured with a unique socio-cultural background was also discovered. This construction enables owner/entrepreneur-directors to execute work programs with a view to achieving the company’s goal to enhance performance, either financially or non-financially. Type of Paper: Empirical.
12
Jaskowska-Lemańska, J., and J. Sagan. "Non-Destructive Testing Methods as a Main Tool Supporting Effective Waste Management in Construction Processes." Archives of Civil Engineering 65, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2019-0059.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractConstruction and demolition (C&D) waste management should be accordance with the waste management hierarchy. In practice, C&D waste are often downcycling. It is the result of many factors, including lack of awareness about the value inherent in waste. The paper presents analysis of the adaptability of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for technical assessment of waste properties. As part of the work, non-destructive testing methods were described and classified in accordance with material and the features they enable testing. The publication presents examples of the use of NDT in the recovery of building materials during construction projects, in the field of influence of technical information of waste on the way it is managed. Finally, a scheme of waste management process during the renovation of an object with the application of NDT methods was presented.
13
Nakata, Narutoshi. "A multi-purpose earthquake simulator and a flexible development platform for actuator controller design." Journal of Vibration and Control 18, no. 10 (October 26, 2011): 1552–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546311421946.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a multi-purpose uniaxial earthquake simulator that has been designed and developed at the Johns Hopkins University. The earthquake simulator is coupled with a flexible platform that facilitates the development of actuator control strategies to enhance accuracy in shake table tests. The development platform provides a full access to processes in control including an actuator servo control loop, enabling high-fidelity controller designs to be implemented and experimentally investigated for earthquake simulators. This paper presents construction details, hydraulic components, dynamic specifications, an integrated control and data acquisition system, and example applications of the earthquake simulator. The paper demonstrates the versatility of the earthquake simulator and the development platform that can be adopted elsewhere.
14
Karmakar, Ankan, and Venkata Santosh Kumar Delhi. "Construction 4.0: what we know and where we are headed?" Journal of Information Technology in Construction 26 (July 26, 2021): 526–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2021.028.
Full textAbstract:
The last decade has witnessed unprecedented changes in the technologies and processes involved in the construction industry. The philosophies associated with Industry 4.0 now reverberate in construction 4.0. Digitalization and interconnectivity in the cyber-physical systems of the sector are at the heart of such transformation. Construction 4.0 brings to the table a plethora of technologies and associated processes over the construction project lifecycle. The current study performs a state-of-art literature review to summarize the knowledge advancement in construction 4.0. A layered conceptualization spanning across project lifecycle utilizing the people-process-technology dimensions is presented to summarize the current understanding of Construction 4.0. The cyber-physical space is classified into the physical, digital tool, data, and core data security and interoperability layers. The inter-layer and intra-layer interactions and information flows are then conceptualized based on the extant literature, including the human interaction and interventions. The people-process-technology dimensions were discussed across the project lifecycle through interactions in these layers. It is observed that Construction 4.0 is set to be driven by data creation, data flow, data transformation, and data storage across the project lifecycle to ensure a collaborative environment across the stakeholders who interact and associate with different layers of Construction 4.0. The article finally presents challenges with the current formulations and explores ways to further our knowledge in the area.
15
Signorini, Inês. "OTHERING PROCESSES AMONG BRAZILIAN INTERACTANTS ON THE INTERNET." Revista da Anpoll 1, no. 40 (June 28, 2016): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18309/anp.v1i40.1025.
Full textAbstract:
The article focuses on the process of othering as it is embodied in linguistic interactions among Brazilians on the Internet during the last decade, when socioeconomic mobility expanded the access and the adherence to practices involving digital technological resources by different social Brazilian groups. By othering, it means any linguistic-discursive action by which an individual or group is classified as “not one of us” (difference and strangeness). Considering that the construction of the Other is made up of social action; has an ideological component; and that an exercise of power is always present, the aim herewith is to show that othering processes in focused interactions instantiate overlaps, interceptions and tangencies between different space-temporal scales which constitute the contemporary Brazilian “reality”. Observational data from a research project carried out since 2005 about internet-mediated interactions among Brazilians will be used to illustrate the contentions put forth in this paper. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
16
Sirovs, Toms. "System Dynamic Theoretical Framework for Construction Management: A Case of Baltic States." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2022-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract As a result of the rapid development of the construction industry, in recent years, research has increasingly used system dynamics (SD) modelling to determine the positive and negative causal feedback in various management processes. Given SD diverse approach to the management of construction companies and projects, it would be necessary to develop a framework for a system dynamics model (SDM) incorporating the main processes of the Baltic States by identifying and providing a systematic understanding of their distribution. Using literature analysis, this study provides the results of 79 selected scientific literature sources from 1991 to 2020. The obtained information is structured according to the annual volume of publications, country of affiliation, the most successful authors and the most popular scientific journals on the topic of the SD. With the assistance of bibliometric analysis and co-occurrence of keywords, system dynamics management processes in construction companies were structured, choosing the following separate elements: (1) project planning, (2) project management, (3) risk management, (4) project performance, (5) project productivity, (6) sustainability. Using a systematic approach, according to the framework of the model, the characteristics of each management process were classified and identified, dividing them into subgroups. The results of the analysis show that the overview of some SD components or processes is mostly provided, which emphasises its aspects and usability in company management, thus indicating the need to identify the framework of the process module. The introduction of the SD process framework in the company would gradually create a competitive advantage in market conditions.
17
Semin, M. A. "SIMPLIFICATION POSSIBILITIES FOR COUPLED THM MODELS OF ARTIFICIAL GROUND FREEZING IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MINE SHAFTS." News of the Tula state university. Sciences of Earth 4, no. 1 (2021): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46689/2218-5194-2021-4-1-453-463.
Full textAbstract:
An important stage in the design of the artificial ground freezing during the construc-tion of mine shafts (and other underground structures) is the simulation of deformation and heat transfer in the media to be frozen. This is necessary to calculate the required thicknesses of frozen wall, the time of its formation and the parameters of freezing stations. The choice of an adequate mathematical model is impossible without analyzing the significance and coupling of various physical processes occurring during the freezing of soil. Such an analysis allows se-lecting a reasonable degree of detailing of physical processes in the model: take into account all important factors and neglect the rest. This article proposes a methodology for analyzing the significance and coupling of such physical processes. For this, a general thermo-hydro-mechanical model of soil freezing has been formulated, a set of dimensionless complexes has been identified and classified, which determine the relationship between various physical pro-cesses. The transition from the general thermo-hydro-mechanical model to simpler models is possible only if the corresponding dimensionless complexes are small.
18
Ahmad, Hesham S., Maha D. Ayoush, and Majed S. Al-Alwan. "Causes of delay to public infrastructure projects according to engineers representing different contract parties." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 153–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-03-2019-0026.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the main causes of delay in public construction projects. This is motivated by feedback from public construction experts concerning substantive delays during the last decade. The study thus seeks to help decision makers in Jordan and elsewhere identify problems and develop mitigating strategies. Design/methodology/approach Causes of delay were identified from previous related studies and then augmented after consultation with experts. This resulted in 56 delay factors classified into eight groups. The sampling frame for the study was defined in terms of public construction projects (mostly related to roads) owned by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing in Jordan. A survey was conducted with engineers working as representatives of the owner, contractors or consultants to elicit and evaluate the importance of the 56 delay factors. Findings Overall, 113 completed questionnaire responses were returned and analyzed to rank the causes of delay using the relative importance index method. Owners and consultants showed more interest in factors related to themselves, while contractors showed highest interest in an external factor related to the owner of services. Four recommendations are put forward for decision makers to mitigate against delays. Originality/value This research investigates a relatively large number of delay factors compared to other studies and these are categorized into groups to facilitate thematic understanding. Further, compared to previous related research, this research fills a gap by exploring the opinions of different contract parties.
19
Kabanov, Vadim. "Information model for choosing a design solution for providing construction with mortar." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128104001.
Full textAbstract:
Building materials are usually classified according to the criterion of the possibility of creating a stock at the construction site. Mortars and concrete mixtures have a limited time during which they must be used in the construction of building structures. There are technologies for the use of dry components of mortars from which the mixture is prepared at the construction site. However, the technology of manufacturing mortars at specialized plants is widely used, followed by transportation of the finished cement-sand mixture to the construction site. The problem under consideration raises issues related to the volume of supply of mortars and the intensity of this building material consumption. Within the framework of the research, the tasks of analytical description of the construction and installation work intensity influence on the technological processes of cement-sand mortars delivery to the construction site have been solved, a block diagram of the selection of an economically feasible design solution for providing the production process with a building mixture has been developed. On the basis of the presented results in the form of mathematical dependencies and a block diagram, the conclusions about the influence of a design solution for providing construction with a cement-sand mixture on the duration and construction and installation work cost have been formulated. A graphic representation of the procedure for making a decision on the supply of a construction with a cement-sand mixture is supposed to be used for the development of software that provides a description of the construction processes functioning in space and time, including for 3D models.
20
Surip, Muhammad, and Mulyadi Mulyadi. "Conceptual Metaphor in Human Communication." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 2, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v2i4.498.
Full textAbstract:
The study is aimed at investigating the forms of conceptual metaphors using the word ‘komunikasi’ (communication)in delivering messages. The data were expressions containing the word ‘komunikasi’in communication processes, which were in metaphorical formsand collected from various written sources by applying content analysis technique.The results of the study showed that the interpersonal communicationsconveying messagesrelated tothe word ‘komunikasi’ implying conceptual metaphors can be classified into four domains such as plants, human life, construction and building, and space and time.
21
Leeks, G. J. L., and S. D. Marks. "Dynamics of river sediments in forested headwater streams: Plynlimon." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 1, no. 3 (September 30, 1997): 483–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-1-483-1997.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Long term studies of fluvial sediment processes in the Plynlimon catchments have contributed to the assessment and quantification of plantation forestry impacts in British upland catchments, at all stages of the forest cycle. The results from the Plynlimon studies are placed in the context of the observed impacts of particular forest practices and studies of forestry effects on sediment transport elsewhere in the world. The effects associated with drain excavation, ploughing, track construction, ground and channel disruption are outlined for both bedload and, particularly, for suspended load. Finally, recent data on sediment yields from 1995 to 1997 at Plynlimon are reported and discussed in the light of longer-term sediment yield estimates. This paper also provides background information relevant to other sediment process studies which use data from the main Plynlimon sediment monitoring network.
22
Park, InSeok, Jonghyeob Kim, Sangwon Han, and Changtaek Hyun. "Analysis of Fatal Accidents and Their Causes in the Korean Construction Industry." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 3120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083120.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry is one of the most hazardous industries in many countries. Many studies have asserted that industrial accidents could be prevented by eliminating their root causes. However, given that accident occurrence processes are considerably complex and often invisible, it is difficult to identify and eliminate the root causes. Based on this recognition, this paper aims to analyze the causality of construction accidents on the basis of direct causes that are classified into unsafe actions (UA) and unsafe conditions (UC). A logistic regression is applied to examine associations between UAs and UCs and their significances in triggering construction accidents. Then, a Delphi method is applied to determine the relationships between direct and root causes of construction accidents. This study contributes to an improved understanding of the complex causal process of construction accidents, which is a necessary stepping-stone to prevent construction accidents. Meanwhile, only one-to-one combinations of UCs and UAs are considered in this paper. Thus, follow-up studies to examine the impact of one-to-many or many-to-many combinations are needed.
23
Oleinik, Pavel P., and Andrey K. Schreiber. "SOME METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2004): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13928619.2004.9637673.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years the processes of building design, construction and commissioning have been essentially restructured in Russia. It was achieved by introducing new energy‐efficient and resource‐saving methods and techniques reducing the time and increasing the rate of construction. However, the analysis of buildings constructed in the past few years in Russia shows that their construction time is still 1.5 ‐ 2 times longer than that of similar buildings erected in highly developed foreign countries. The investment process in construction should be considered in terms of a complex dynamic system consisting of four subsystems including the determination of major technical and economical parameters of a building (feasibility study), design, preliminary work and construction which are closely interrelated. To manage the construction process efficiently all factors influencing its major elements should be identified. To describe major factors determining the investment period they are classified into five groups. In this process more than 50 factors prolonging the investment period as a whole and at the particular stages have been identified. Summarizing the data of the comprehensive analysis of building construction allowed us to obtain major formulas for calculating all relevant investment parameters.
24
Zhao, Xuefeng, Meng Zhang, Xiongtao Fan, Zhe Sun, Mengxuan Li, Wangbing Li, and Lingli Huang. "Extended Reality for Safe and Effective Construction Management: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Directions." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 7, 2023): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010155.
Full textAbstract:
Safe and effective construction management requires tools for reducing delays, eliminating reworks, and avoiding accidents. Unfortunately, challenges still exist in current construction practices for enabling real-time interactions among project participants, field discoveries, and massive data. Extended reality (i.e., XR) could help to establish immersive and interactive virtual environments that enable real-time information exchange among humans, cyber processes, and physical environments during construction. However, limited studies have synthesized potentials, challenges, and scenarios of XR for ensuring construction safety and efficiency. This study provides a critical review that synthesizes XR in construction management. First, the authors used the PRISMA method to screen studies related to XR in construction management. Seventy-nine studies were selected and comprehensively analyzed. The authors conducted a bibliometric analysis to comprehend the spatiotemporal distributions of the selected studies. Then, the selected studies were classified into three categories: (1) progress control, (2) quality control, and (3) safety management. The authors also synthesized information for XR applications in various construction management scenarios and summarized the challenges related to XR applications. Finally, this review shed light on future research directions of XR for safe and effective construction management.
25
Hardie, Marie. "Vectors of technical innovation delivery by small and medium Australian construction firms." Construction Economics and Building 16, no. 3 (September 8, 2016): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v16i3.5158.
Full textAbstract:
Long-established Schumpeterian theory on innovation assumes that significant innovations are generated by large companies with ample spare resources. The allocation of time and money to speculative endeavours with unclear outcomes has often been regarded as beyond the scope of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). As a result, authorities sometimes advise SMEs to concentrate on the adoption of existing innovative products and processes rather than the generation of new creative ideas. Despite this traditional wisdom, some very capable individuals actively choose to participate in the SME sector because the relative absence of internal bureaucratic processes and the capacity for agile response to changing circumstances. Ten case studies of significant technical innovations generated within construction SMEs were examined in the light of common themes identified through a literature review. The case studies were classified according to existing taxonomies of innovation. Content analysis was used to map the identified themes against the published material about the innovations from patent applications, company websites, trade literature and industry magazines. The findings indicate that SME innovation stems from several distinct motivations. These drivers of innovation can be described vectors. They inspire innovative solutions but the generated innovations also drive development towards solutions for other, quite different problems.
26
Comaroff, Jean, and John L. Comaroff. "Beasts, banknotes and the colour of money in colonial South Africa." Archaeological Dialogues 12, no. 2 (December 2005): 107–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203806211863.
Full textAbstract:
This essay explores the role of commensuration – the mechanisms that render equitable and negotiable different orders of value – in the production of society and history. While equilibration, standardization and conversion are implicated in most theories of money and commodification, their nature as social processes has not been adequately specified, above all in the construction of universalizing ideologies and modernist political and economic regimes. We pursue these processes in relation to one African theatre, examining the ways in which different regimes of value, brought up against one another in the encounter between the southern Tswana peoples and European colonizers, became the subject of both conflict and complex mediation. Cows, coin and contracts – which had the capacity to construct and negate difference – soon were invested here with magical qualities. But colonized peoples were also sensitive to the capacity of such currencies to enable or impede convertibility and the forms of abstraction and incorporation they permit. Which is why, in South Africa and elsewhere, those currencies often became metonymic of the contestations of value on which colonial struggles, tout court, were played out.
27
Indraratna, B., P. Nutalaya, K. S. Koo, and N. Kuganenthira. "Engineering behaviour of a low carbon, pozzolanic fly ash and its potential as a construction fill." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-070.
Full textAbstract:
Detailed laboratory investigations were conducted on Mae Moh fly ash from northern Thailand for the determination of its grain size distribution, mineralogy, pozzolanic activity, compaction and strength characteristics, and the collapse potential. On the basis of the experimental results, this fly ash is classified as ASTM class C, which is considered to be pozzolanic. It has good potential to be utilized as an effective fill for embankments (roads and dams), airfields, pavements, and building bricks, as well as for the stabilization of compressible or erodible foundations. Because of the fact that Mae Moh fly ash contains only a negligible amount of unburned carbon, its pozzolanic reactivity is accelerated, in comparison with the relatively inert, high-carbon fly ash produced elsewhere in Thailand and many other parts of Asia. It is also demonstrated that Mae Moh fly ash can be easily compacted to produce acceptable dry densities over a wide range of water contents. Curing with an adequate moisture supply in the presence of calcium oxide plays an important role in accelerating the pozzolanic reactions, hence improving the time-dependent-properties. This study further proposes that a curing period of 2–3 weeks is sufficient for this material to approach its maximum strength. Although the behaviour of one specific fly ash cannot generalize the wide array of other ashes, the test results obtained for Mae Moh fly ash may be applied to lignite ashes in the category of ASTM class C. Key words: fly ash, structural fill, compaction, compressive strength, shear strength, collapse potential, pozzolanic activity.
28
Pięta, Sylwester. "It Systems Security Management in Migration Process." Foundations of Management 2, no. 2 (January 1, 2010): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10238-012-0029-4.
Full textAbstract:
It Systems Security Management in Migration Process This paper looks at the issue of IT systems migration as well as problems related to security policy in migration processes. Problem of migration is viewed in a broad context of changes which occur during construction or modernization of an IT system. Migration projects were classified against the background of wide spectrum of informatization strategy issues and sources of threats to information security were pointed out. Also, guidelines for improvement of security in migration process were presented.
29
Zhao, Yunpeng, Dimitrios Goulias, Magdalena Dobiszewska, and Paweł Modrzyński. "Life-Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Using Rock Dust as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate and Cement in Concrete Pavements." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 12449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912449.
Full textAbstract:
The use of recycled materials and industrial by-products in pavement construction and rehabilitation can achieve substantial benefits in saving nature resources and reducing energy consumption as well as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Alternative geological origin rock dust for the partial replacement of fine aggregate and/or cement in Portland cement concrete (PCC) pavements may provide positive environmental and economic benefits. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the life-cycle economic and environmental impacts when rock dust is used in PCC pavement roadway construction. Previous studies have primarily focused on the economics and/or environmental impacts during the material production process. Thus, a methodological framework considering all stages (such as material production, transportation, construction, maintenance, rehabilitation and end of life), involved in the life-cycle assessment of concrete pavements is proposed when using recycled materials/by-products. The life-cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on a pavement project representative of typical construction practices in Poland to quantify such benefits. The alternative sustainable construction strategies considered partially replacing fine aggregate and/or cement with rock dust of basalt origin in PCC pavements. The LCA results indicate that using rock dust to replace 20% FA and 10% cement provided a reduction of 6.5% in cost, 10% in CO2 emissions and 11% in energy consumption. This study also provides significant insights on the specific contribution of material production, construction processes and the transportation of materials to the overall environmental benefits and cost savings. The suggested approach for LCA analysis in pavement construction can be adopted elsewhere for quantifying the sustainability benefits of using alternative recycled materials in roadways.
30
Райченко and Alyeksandr Raychyenko. "Organizational Direction Formation of the Scientific School of Management Theory." Administration 4, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/20819.
Full textAbstract:
Systematizing the basic organizational statements, modern science is the base of structure and interaction in any of the studied area. In turn, submitted by the form, disclosed by the content and classified and determined organization becomes a necessary basis for the construction of any science, and each discipline. General organizational beginning of the formation and development of a system of knowledge, and the action, justify and represent a wide variety of scientific schools, based on mutual understanding of their organization. Formation of the organizational direction of the scientific school of management theory defines the scope of the fundamental notions of order, shape, structure, procedures and methods of construction, design and reflection of all existing and submitted to processes and systems.
31
Feng, Shuxian, and Toshiya Yamamoto. "Preliminary research on sponge city concept for urban flood reduction: a case study on ten sponge city pilot projects in Shanghai, China." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 29, no. 6 (November 9, 2020): 961–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-01-2020-0019.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis research aimed to determine the differences and similarities in each pilot project to understand the primary design forms and concepts of sponge city concept (SCC) projects in China. It also aimed to examine ten pilot projects in Shanghai to extrapolate their main characteristics and the processes necessary for implementing SCC projects effectively.Design/methodology/approachA literature review and field survey case study were employed. Data were mostly collected through a field survey in Shanghai, focusing on both the projects and the surrounding environment. Based on these projects' examination, a comparative method was used to determine the characteristics of the ten pilot SCC projects and programs in Shanghai.FindingsSix main types of SCC projects among 30 pilot cities were classified in this research to find differences and similarities among the pilot cities. Four sponge design methods were classified into ten pilot projects. After comparing each project size using the same geographical size, three geometrical types were categorized into both existing and new city areas. SCC project characteristics could be identified by combining four methods and three geometrical types and those of the SCC programs by comparing the change in land-use and the surrounding environment in ten pilot projects.Originality/valueThe results are valuable for implementing SCC projects in China and elsewhere and future research on the impact of SCC projects.
32
He, Yuan, Liqiong Yi, and Si Xu. "Intelligent Construction and Mechanism of Educational Big Data Information for Resource Sharing." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (May 26, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6002181.
Full textAbstract:
The word “sharing” is not unfamiliar to everyone now, but many people do not understand the sharing of educational resources (ER), and the distribution of ER does not seem to be the topic that people are most concerned about. This paper is aimed at conducting research on the construction of educational big data information intelligence based on resource sharing. A parallel association rule mining approach for educational big data is proposed in this research. Now, the educational big data is classified, and then, the data is operated. At the same time, a CcG-based educational information resource sharing platform has also been built for educational resource sharing, which can be used for cloud download and upload functions of cloud computing (CcG) for teaching and educational resource sharing. The experimental results of this paper show that the educational information resource sharing platform in this paper processes about 150 information per second, and its service performance must be better than that of traditional educational platforms.
33
Gajzler, M. "Usefulness of Mining Methods in Knowledge Source Analysis in the Construction Industry." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0056.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The mining methods are classified as the methods of data analysis and the knowledge acquisition and they are derived from the methods of “Knowledge Discovery”. Within the scope of these methods, there are two main variants associated with a form of data, i.e.: “data” and “text mining”. The author of the paper tries to find an answer to a question about helpfulness and usefulness of these methods for the purpose of knowledge acquisition in the construction industry. The very process of knowledge acquisition is essential in terms of the systems and tools operating based on knowledge. Nowadays, they are the basis for the tools which support the decision-making processes. The paper presents three cases studies. The mining methods have been applied to practical problems - the selection of an adhesive mortar coupled with alternative solutions, analysis of residential real estate locations under construction by a developer company as well as support of technical management of a building facility with a large floor area.
34
López, Salvador, and Víctor Yepes. "Impact of R&D&I on the Performance of Spanish Construction Companies." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (July 26, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7835231.
Full textAbstract:
Deciding whether certain factors should be considered drivers of innovation in construction firms is crucial in terms of improving their performance and survival in an environment that is changing by leaps and bounds. Throughout the years, construction companies have been considered to be traditional and without the tendency to innovate. However, several studies have confirmed that this perception of the sector is evolving and that successful instruments from other industries are gradually being adapted for the benefit of the industry. The objective of this paper is therefore to investigate the potential factors affecting the performance of these organizations. Eighteen factors related to the individual, group, and organizational levels were identified through a review of the literature and an instrument developed that was validated by experienced professionals. A questionnaire was sent to 103 people working in the sector at the national level to obtain their views. The results of the classification analysis indicate that “technology and equipment” and “software acquisition” are considered the two most significant factors. In addition, these 18 factors can be classified into 7 groups: (i) internal drivers of innovation; (ii) innovation within the organization; (iii) technological innovation; (iv) technological links with the environment; (v) external drivers of innovation; (vi) innovation in processes; (vii) a culture of innovation in the company. Innovation in processes has the highest level of impact. This research deepens the current understanding of the factors at different organizational levels that must be highlighted in the implementation of an R&D system in order for companies to improve their performance and survival in future processes.
35
Pan, Nai-Hsin. "THE CONSTRUCTION COMMON PRODUCT CODING SYSTEM." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 15, no. 3 (June 30, 2009): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-3730.2009.15.259-268.
Full textAbstract:
The primary technological barrier in effectively transferring information automatically and adopting Auto ID/EDI technologies in construction is the lack of a construction common product coding system (CCPCS) for encoding and transferring information. To facilitate the information transfer between different components of the construction process and using new Auto ID technologies in construction application, the paper proposes a construction common product coding system (CCPCS). It is a set of agreed‐upon standards that will facilitate communication among parties in the construction process especially using automated data collection processes and possibly technologies to transfer information in electronic form. The CCPCS the paper proposed can be classified as internal or external, permanent or temporary, primary or secondary etc. The research use barcode technology and EDI as the primary technologies to explore the impact of the CCPCS in construction application. However, the concepts of CCPCS still are advantageous for the applications of other Auto ID technologies individually or integration in construction. Santrauka Viena iš pirmųjų kliūčių perkeliant informaciją ir taikant Auto ID/EDI technologijas statyboje yra bendrojo statybos produkto kodavimo sistemos (CCPCS) trūkumas. Ja galima užkoduoti ir perkelti informaciją. Norint palengvinti skirtingų statybos proceso elementų informacijos perdavimą ir pritaikyti statybai naujas Auto ID technologijas, straipsnyje buvo pasiūlyta bendrojo statybos produkto kodavimo sistema (CCPCS). CCPCS yra rinkinys nustatytų standartų, kurie palengvins statybos proceso dalyvių bendravimą, ypač naudojant automatinius duomenų rinkimo procesus ir technologijas, kurios paverstų informaciją elektronine forma. Siūloma CCPCS gali būti skirstoma į išorinę, vidinę, laikinąją ir pastoviąją, pirminę, antrinę ir t. t. Tyrime naudojama brūkšninio kodo technologija ir EDI, kaip pirminės technologijos, kuriomis nustatomas CCPCS taikymo statyboje poveikis. CCPCS koncepcija vis dar yra naudinga taikant Auto ID technologijas tiek individualiai, tiek integruojant į statybą.
36
Oflazoğlu, Sonyel. "A Qualitative Research on The Changing Perceptions of Luxury Consumption in The Construction of Self." Business Management and Strategy 8, no. 2 (December 5, 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bms.v8i2.10651.
Full textAbstract:
This work studies how the luxury experiences and perceptions of consumers are. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the modern luxury consumption experiences from a wider perspective rather than focusing on the traditional luxury consumption as a signifier of social status. The study adopts an interpretative and exploratory approach to explain in detail the contribution of the luxury consumption of consumers to the construction of self. Among the qualitative research methods, the method of keeping a diary, which sincerely transmits the processes, relations and perceptions in the daily world of the consumers was applied to the study [1]. The consumer diaries enable a ground to understand the complex structure of luxury experiences as a loop of luxury which is an indispensable part of the daily life of consumers. To achieve maximum diversity 16 participants from different age, occupation and education fields are selected. The consumer diaries are analyzed by using the inductive categorization process [2] and constant comparative method [3]. The research results are classified the luxury experiences under three categories indispensably related with processes and conditions of the self. The findings of the work are related with the present theories on self yet they pose a transition from vanity consumption, to which the perception of luxury bases, to temporary and abstract concept of consumption.
37
Meza Mori, Gerson, Cristóbal Torres Guzmán, Manuel Oliva-Cruz, Rolando Salas López, Gladys Marlo, and Elgar Barboza. "Spatial Analysis of Environmentally Sensitive Areas to Soil Degradation Using MEDALUS Model and GIS in Amazonas (Peru): An Alternative for Ecological Restoration." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 14866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214866.
Full textAbstract:
Land degradation is a permanent global threat that requires an interdisciplinary approach to addressing solutions in a given territory. This study, therefore, analyses environmentally sensitive areas to land degradation using the Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use (MEDALUS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) method through a multi-criteria approach in the district of Florida (Peru). For the method, we considered the main quality indicators such as: Climate Quality Index (CQI), Soil Quality Index (SQI), Vegetation Quality Index (VQI), and Management Quality Index (MQI). There were also identified groups of parameters for each of the quality indicators analyzed. The results showed that 2.96% of the study area is classified as critical; 48.85% of the surface is classified as fragile; 15.48% of the areas are potentially endangered, and 30.46% are not threatened by degradation processes. Furthermore, SQI, VQI, and MQI induced degradation processes in the area. Based on the results, five restoration proposals were made in the study area: (i) organic manure production, (ii) cultivated and improved pastures and livestock improvement, (iii) native forest restoration, (iv) construction of reservoirs in the top hills and (v) uses of new technologies. The findings and proposals can be a basic support and further improved by decision-makers when implemented in situ to mitigate degradation for a sustainable use of the territory.
38
Li, Yangyan, Xiang Chen, Xiaoming Chen, and Xiao Shen. "Organophosphine-Catalyzed [4C+X] Annulations." Molecules 23, no. 11 (November 19, 2018): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23113022.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, there have been extraordinary developments of organophosphine-catalyzed reactions. This includes progress in the area of [4C+X] annulations, which are of particular interest due to their potential for the rapid construction of 5–8-membered cyclic products. In this short overview, we summarize the remarkable progress, emphasizing reaction mechanisms and key intermediates involved in the processes. The discussion is classified according to the type of electrophilic reactants that acted as C4 synthons in the annulation process, in the order of α-alkyl allenoates, γ-alkyl allenoates, α-methyl allene ketones, β′-OAc allenoate, δ-OAc allenoate, activated dienes and cyclobutenones.
39
Comaroff, Jean, and John L. Comaroff. "Colonizing currencies. Beasts, banknotes and the colour of money in South Africa Taking stock. A response to Turgeon and Creighton." Archaeological Dialogues 13, no. 1 (May 15, 2006): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203806001802.
Full textAbstract:
In Archaeological dialogues 12.2 Jean and John Comaroff explored the role of commensuration – the mechanisms that render equitable and negotiable different orders of value – in the production of society and history. While equilibration, standardization and conversion are implicated in most theories of money and commodification, their nature as social processes has not been adequately specified, above all in the construction of universalizing ideologies and modernist political and economic regimes. They pursue these processes in relation to one African theatre, examining the ways in which different regimes of value, brought up against one another in the encounter between the southern Tswana peoples and European colonizers, became the subject of both conflict and complex mediation. Cows, coin and contracts – which had the capacity to construct and negate difference – soon were invested here with magical qualities. But colonized peoples were also sensitive to the capacity of such currencies to enable or impede convertibility, and to the forms of abstraction and incorporation they permit. Which is why, in South Africa and elsewhere, those currencies often became metonymic of the contestations of value on which colonial struggles, tout court, were played out.In this short essay they respond to the comments on their article by John Creighton and Laurier Turgeon.
40
Chen, Juan, and Jianrong Yang. "Regional Construction and Differences of Thermal Environment in Vernacular Buildings." International Journal of Heat and Technology 40, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 592–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.400228.
Full textAbstract:
Unlike the traditional extensive heating management, the on-demand precise time- and region-specific heating strategy can effectively reduce the heating energy consumption of vernacular buildings. The existing studies on the time- and region-specific heating strategy of vernacular buildings face several problems: the time and space are not clearly divided, the heating model cannot simultaneously satisfy the different heating demands of residents in different periods, and the proper time- and region-specific heating terminals are severely lacking. To solve these problems, this paper explores the regional construction and differences of thermal environment in vernacular buildings. Firstly, we classified the regional construction of thermal environment in vernacular buildings, analyzed the thermal process for the regional construction, and determined the implementation model for heating actual vernacular buildings. The layout of rooms inside a multi-space vernacular building determines the difference in heat gain and loss between the rooms to be heated, when the heating system operates naturally. With this in mind, we analyzed the regional thermal balance of thermal environment in vernacular buildings, linearly fitted the average indoor thermal sensation in each region of a vernacular building in day and night, and obtained the relevant experimental results. In addition, the regional indoor temperature changes were summarized at different glazing ratios and different roof heat transfer resistances. The results show the effectiveness of the regional construction strategy of thermal environment based on time and regional differences.
41
Marek, Martin, and Jana Korytárová. "Construction Waste Production in Macroeconomic Context." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1203, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 022080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1203/2/022080.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article aims at presenting the economic impacts of implementing the basic principles of construction demolition waste management in terms of saving construction costs. Emphasis is placed on fulfilling the 3R principle, i.e. reducing waste, reusing it, and recycling resources and products. Construction and demolition waste represents the largest mass waste flow in the EU, e.g. in 2018, it represented 36% of the total waste production in the whole EU- 27. The European Union is gradually introducing measures to reduce the production of construction waste compared to the Czech Republic, where the share of construction demolition waste on the total production was up to 42% in 2018. This value exceeds the EU-27 average. The article analyses available statistical data from the national CZSO and the European statistical office EUROSTAT on the waste production classified according to EWC-STAT, which is a classification of waste according to Directive No. 2150/2002. Items monitoring the waste produced by the construction industry are listed on the 41st to 43rd place of the EWC-STAT list of all monitored waste. The data obtained allows comparing three branches of construction production, the 41st Building construction, 42nd Civil engineering, and 43rd Specialized construction activities. Another possibility to obtain data is to use a division according to the waste producer economic activity (CZ NACE). The data obtained in this way is compared with the performance indicators of the national economy. By comparing the size of the construction demolition waste production with the performance of the national economy (especially the GDP indicator), the degree of their interdependence was determined. The aim of the analysis is to assess the relation between the country’s economic performance and the production of construction and demolition waste. The next step was to perform an analysis from the point of view of the 3R principle in order to examine the impact of measures to reduce the construction demolition waste production in connection with the already initiated processes of its possible recycling or reuse.
42
Richner, Martin, and Kristian Olesen. "Towards business improvement districts in Denmark: Translating a neoliberal urban intervention model into the Nordic context." European Urban and Regional Studies 26, no. 2 (April 7, 2018): 158–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776418759156.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates how business improvement districts (BIDs) are translated into a Danish context. Drawing on a theoretical framework that combines the concepts of travelling ideas, mobile urbanism and neoliberalisation, this paper explores how an actor-network is being constructed to mobilise support for a BID pilot scheme in Denmark. The introduction of BID-inspired concepts in Denmark represents an illustrative case of how mobile urban policies are translated into local contexts as part of continuous processes of neoliberalisation of urban governance and policy-making. In Denmark, the BID model is promoted as a market-based planning tool to support progressive planning goals of supporting town centres as vibrant commercial centres. Furthermore, the BID concept is, among Danish planners, perceived as a useful organisational framework for the construction of public–private partnerships as add-ons to area-based renewal initiatives in order to strengthen local community support. Such interpretations are not only in stark contrast to BIDs implemented elsewhere, but also require a significant reconfiguration of the model to fit local needs. However, despite the strong social focus, the potential negative consequences of implementing BIDs, such as privatisation and commodification of public space, are barely discussed in the current initial stage of translating the BID model into a Danish context. This raises serious concerns about to what extent planners in Denmark unreflectively are copying a policy concept from elsewhere, with little regard to how the concept should be adapted and what it has to offer in a Danish context.
43
Havlíček, Marek, Ivo Dostál, and Renata Pavelková. "Water Reservoirs as a Driver of Anthropogenic Changes in Landscape and Transport Networks: The Czech Republic Experience." Water 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14121870.
Full textAbstract:
The construction of reservoirs has a major impact on the floodplain landscape, and their existence also affects land use in the hinterland. The aim of this article is to evaluate the influence of artificial lakes on changes in landscape use and transport networks; in this context, an assessment is provided of the significance of this anthropogenic activity as one of the drivers of landscape change. Old topographic maps and archival aerial photographs are used to analyze changes in the use of landscape and road networks, and these materials are complemented with the latest geographic data in digital form. Utilizing geographic information systems, we assessed the landscape changes and processes in the hinterland of those Czech Republic reservoirs that have an area of 100 ha or more. The results of the research show that landscape change processes are more intensive in the hinterland of the lakes than in the surrounding landscape. The predominant utility function of a reservoir emerged as a key factor in landscape use changes and ongoing processes. A different landscape use scenario can be observed in drinking water reservoirs, especially regarding the leisure and irrigation functions that dominate elsewhere. After the completion of reservoirs, the road and railway networks had an impact on, above all, the connection of the nearest villages in the hinterland of the lakes. The information that we found can be employed in projecting future changes in land use and road networks at newly planned dams.
44
Ma, Shiliang. "Construction of College Innovation and Entrepreneurship Information-Sharing Platform under Big Data Analysis." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (June 28, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4781825.
Full textAbstract:
Achieving outcomes in today’s colleges will need a creative attitude to be associated with higher necessary reforms to ensure a long-term future. The goal of this study is to enhance college students’ creativity and entrepreneurship by providing them with enough innovation and entrepreneurship information (IEI). This exploration is to build a college IEI sharing platform under big data analysis (BDA). First, the existing problems of IEI sharing in colleges are analyzed, and the construction principles of IEI sharing platform in colleges are put forward. Then, the platform’s structure is designed, and its operation mechanism is explained. Next, the IEI sharing platform of colleges is designed and constructed through BDA. At the source layer, the platform checks the big data collection goal, confirms the scope and substance of the collected big data via the open access mechanism, and communicates the extracted target big data to the data layer via the data collector. In the data layer, the data table is streamlined, and the data processing method is built. They gathered a large amount of classified and preserved data, and then communicated to the analysis layer via the classified storage mechanism via the open data sharing interface. The analysis layer analyzes and processes large data using a BDA algorithm, allowing for adaptive scheduling and information access. The performance content may eventually alter with the demands by integrating the big data received through the integration and sharing method. The results of the experiments indicate that the platform’s data mining range is pretty consistent. When the number of data operation requests exceeds 10,000, the platform’s processing speed reaches 45000. Furthermore, the time cost remains constant within 2 s as the data scale rises. As the number of repetitions grows, the recall rate rises to 98%. The findings indicate that the platform offers significant data mining, processing, and scheduling skills, as well as the ability to distribute IEI in real time among universities. This study helps the promotion of entrepreneurship among college students by improving the present college IEI sharing platform.
45
Parra-Aparicio, Gina, Pedro Patiño-Martínez, and Sandra Daza-Orsini. "Colombian water sources polluted by car-washgenerated sludge." Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation 9, no. 4 (August 2, 2021): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2021.09.00333.
Full textAbstract:
The fact that Colombian hydric sources, despite their great importance, can contain microorganisms, led this study to categorize sludge from car wash, because this activity results in high volume of residual water that fluctuates, according to wash demand, between 0.5 and 1.0lt/sec. Detergents, fats, oil, fuels and sediment, among many others, produce very high pollution levels. A three-period experimental design carried out taking random samples of sludge found presence of Salmonella, somatic phages, helminth eggs and fecal coliforms coming from three car wash locations around metropolitan Bucaramanga, Colombia. Sludge analyzed was classified as category B, apt for different uses in forest plantations, as precursor material in production of construction materials, and energy-valorization processes.
46
Bertucci, Marie-Madeleine. "Propositions pour l'étude de la notion de mise en altérité." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 75 (January 1, 2021): 125–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.2021.3008.
Full textAbstract:
In a first step, this article aims to show that the notion of "mise en altérité" leads to the presentation of otherness as a negative and stigmatised difference, an inverted representation of the self, the other being reduced to the condition of a foreigner, which is embodied in particular in the figure of the ancient barbarian. It then leads to the identification of otherness with an elsewhere, a metaphor for an unequal political vision of social space, particularly in medieval thought, and finally to the reduction of otherness to a deficit, a dissimilarity, a source of heterogeneity. In a second step, we will highlight the processes of otherness and minorisation of migrant minority populations through racism and insult, and then we will study the impact of diasporas on the construction of the otherness of migrants. The analysis of diasporic situations brings out the tensions inherent in situations of mobility, which is identified as facts of retraditionalisation and demodernisation resulting fr om cultural difference and leading to a risk of endogamy, and beyond that, to ethnicisation and racisation.
47
Barff, R., and J. Austen. "‘It's Gotta Be Da Shoes’: Domestic Manufacturing, International Subcontracting, and the Production of Athletic Footwear." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 8 (August 1993): 1103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a251103.
Full textAbstract:
An apparent paradox exists in the geography of athletic footwear production. The industry is highly labor intensive; it is also locationally volatile. Although most production now takes place in Southeast Asia, the United States nevertheless still contains significant enclaves of athletic footwear production. Moreover, the cheapest shoes continue to be produced in the United States whereas more complex, expensive models tend to be manufactured in Asia. To understand this geography, we must move beyond the basic consideration of international labor-cost differentials. By means of two case studies, it is shown that domestic production involves very different labor processes from those of production based in other countries and, like many other sectors of the economy, domestic producers gain advantage by carrying smaller inventories through faster lead times. The best explanation, though, centers on the shoes themselves. Athletic shoes produced in the United States tend to have many fewer stitches in them than those manufactured elsewhere, which minimizes the most expensive component of the production process. Furthermore, tariffs on athletic shoes massively discriminate against imported shoes of a particular construction.
48
Shu, Ming-Hung, Jan-Yee Kung, and Bi-Min Hsu. "Demerit-Fuzzy Rating Mechanism and Monitoring Chart." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 23, no. 03 (June 2015): 399–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488515500178.
Full textAbstract:
The relative magnitude of weights for defects has a substantial impact on the performance of attribute control charts. Apparently, the current demerit-chart approach is superior than the c-chart scheme, because it imposes different precise-weights on distinct types of nonconformities, enabling more severe defects to disclose the problems existing in the manufacturing or service processes. However, this crisp-weighting defect assignment, assuming defects are of equal degree of severity when classified into the same defect class, may be so subjective that it leads to the chart somewhat restricted in widespread applications. Since in many cases the severity of each defect is evaluated from practitioners' visual inspection on the key quality characteristics of products or services, when each defect is classified into one of several mutually-exclusive linguistic classes, a fuzzy-weighting defect assignment that represents a degree of seriousness of defects should be allotted in accordance. Therefore, in this paper a demerit-fuzzy rating mechanism and monitoring chart is proposed. We first incorporate a fuzzy-linguistic weight in response to the severe degree of defects. Then, we apply the resolution identity property in construction of fuzzy control limits, and further develop a new fuzzy ranking method in differentiation of the underlying process condition. Finally, the proposed fuzzy-demerit chart is elucidated by an application of TFT-LCD manufacturing processes for monitoring their LCD Mura-nonconformities conditions.
49
Čiuprinskas, Kęstutis, and Vytautas Martinaitis. "PARTICULARITIES OF DETERMINING PRIMARY ENERGY NEEDS FOR BUILDING MATERIALS/PIRMINĖS ENERGIJOS POREIKIŲ STATYBINĖMS MEDŽIAGOMS NUSTATYMO YPATUMAI." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 3, no. 11 (September 30, 1997): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1997.10531351.
Full textAbstract:
Civil buildings in Lithuania consume one half of final energy or about 70% of heat generated in thermoelectric and heat power stations. However, energy is necessary not only for exploitation but also for the creation of buildings: manufacture of building materials, transportation and construction. For global energy saving in the construction industry, at the state level, it is important to determine an optimum ratio between energy requirement for building creation and exploitation. Taking into account the durability of buildings for the evaluation of strategic relation ships between energetics and construction industry it is reasonable to use a physical building life cycle energy requirement model, because the reliability of an economical prognosis is usually lower than that in physical processes. In this work generalised ratios are suggested for energy requirement by the main building materials, which can be used in the calculation of a physical building life cycle model. In collecting this information three sources were used, namely: from Lithuania, former USSR and Western countries. In the beginning we hoped that the collected information would show higher energy needs for the production of building materials in Lithuania and other former USSR countries than those in developed countries, where manufacturing technology is more modern, and energy saving measures have been implemented earlier. After collecting more data, it was evident from foreign—literature that in Western countries the energy needs are bigger because they are based on other energy needs estimation levels. In the estimation data of energy needs for the Lithuanian building materials industry the levels of technological processes are not clearly described. In this case an application of such data for a physical model of life cycle cost estimations cannot be used directly. For a more detailed analysis 10 building materials were chosen: silicate brick, ceramic brick, rockwool, polyctirol, cement, timber, steel, glass, concrete, ferro-concrete. Energy requirements are classified according to 4 levels of full technological processes, i.e.: for the main process, for raw materials, for machines and for machines that produce these machines. Taking into account the indetermination of the information of data sources, the values can be recommended only for a tentative evaluation. More precise values can be obtained by a detailed analysis of the Lithuanian industry. For building construction industry prognosis one monitoring for building and insulation material manufacturing processes is necessary taking into account different technological levels and processes.
50
LaFevor, Matthew C., and Carlos E. Ramos-Scharrón. "Effects of Hillslope Trenching on Surface Water Infiltration in Subalpine Forested Catchments." Hydrology 8, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8040147.
Full textAbstract:
Concerns over freshwater scarcity for agriculture, ecosystems, and human consumption are driving the construction of infiltration trenches in many mountain protected areas. This study examines the effectiveness of infiltration trenches in a subalpine forested catchment in central Mexico, where public and private organizations have been constructing trenches for ~60 years. We rely on empirical data to develop rainfall-runoff models for two scenarios: a baseline (no trenches) and a trenched scenario. Field measurements of infiltration capacities in forested and trenched soils (n = 56) and two years of meteorological data are integrated into a semi-distributed runoff model of 28 trenched sub-catchments. Sensitivity analysis and hydrographs are used to evaluate differences in total runoff and infiltration between the two scenarios. Multiple logistic regression is used to evaluate the effects of environmental and management variables on the likelihood of runoff response and trench overtopping. The findings show that soil infiltration capacity and rainfall intensity are primary drivers of runoff and trench overtopping. However, trenches provided only a 1.2% increase in total infiltration over the two-year period. This marginal benefit is discussed in relation to the potential adverse environmental impacts of trench construction. Overall, our study finds that as a means of runoff harvesting in these forested catchments, trenches provide negligible infiltration benefits. As a result, this study cautions against further construction of infiltration trenches in forested catchments without careful ex ante assessment of rainfall-runoff relationships. The results of this study have important implications for forest water management in Mexico and elsewhere, where similar earthworks are employed to enhance runoff harvesting and surface water infiltration.