Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Construction en béton armé – Modèles mathématiques'
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Sabri, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'analyse de la réponse aux chocs de structures en béton armé." Chambéry, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CHAMS037.
Full textIn mountainous regions where the risk of rock falls on structures is significant, one of the current preoccupations is to identify the impact forces and to analyse the damage of impacted structures. The purpose of the presented study is to provide a contribution to the response analysis of reinforced concrete structures under shocks. Three axes have been approached in this study : (i) The direct analysis of impact solicitations. This study is concentrating on developing the shock behaviour equations by means of differential or partial differential equations. The solution of studied problems has been established by developing an analytical method of resolution (the model of double deformable masses) and by finite element method. The developed direct analysis allows, on the one hand, to obtain the displacements, deformations and accelerations fields at shock and, on the other hand, to evaluate the sensibility of direct response to input variables, with a view to the inverse analysis. (ii) The inverse analysis of impact solicitations. This analysis points out the two main difficulties of inverse problems due to dynamic solicitations: on the one hand, the experimentation and real boundary conditions misappreciation problems and, on the other hand, the specific problems related to inverse problem resolution. (iii) The development of simplified models applied to the impact force estimation in the structurally dissipating rock-shed. The work realized in this third part propounds damage and applied forces estimation approach using experimental measurements. The results of this research are applicable in early phase of conception or in pre-project phase where the forces in impacted slabs or beams are analysed in function of geometry
Aitali, Méhéna. "Contribution à l'étude de la fiabilité des poutres hyperstatiques en béton armé." Toulouse, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAT0031.
Full textDuprat, Frédéric. "Fiabilité des poteaux d'ossatures en béton armé à noeuds non déplaçables." Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0029.
Full textDubé, Jean-François. "Modélisation simplifiée et comportement visco-endomageable des structures en béton : applications aux séismes et aux choc des ouvrages en béton armé." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0021.
Full textPontiroli, Christophe. "Comportement au souffle des structures en béton armé : analyse expérimentale et modélisation." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DENS0005.
Full textDesprez, Cédric-Arthur. "Analyse et réduction de la vulnérabilité sismique des structures existantes : renforcement par collage de tissus de fibres de Carbone (TFC)." Grenoble INPG, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPG0115.
Full textIn structural engineering, the seismic vulnerability reduction of existing structures is an important issue. Retrofitting by Polymer Reinforced Fibres (FRP) is an interesting response in order to fulfil this aim. This paper presents a simplified modelling strategy to predict the behaviour of reinforced concrete structures upgrade with FRP. A nonlinear finite element method is used, based on multifiber beams with damage and plasticity models. Retrofitting of flexural element (wall, beam) and column confinement are studied. More specifically, a confined concrete constitutive law suitable for monotonic and cycling loadings is proposed. The model is inspired on two well-known concrete laws, one based on damage mechanics theory (La Borderie) and the other based on experimental studies (Eid & Paultre). Validation of the strategy is provided using two case studies: a retrofitted bridge pier and a vulnerability assessment on an existing building trough static (Pushover) and dynamic analysis
Thang, Anh Long. "Évaluation de la dégradation du béton par ondes ultrasonores." Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL10164.
Full textTruong, Ba Tam. "Formulation, performances mécaniques, et applications, d’un matériau TRC pour le renforcement et la réparation de structures en béton/et béton armé : Approches expérimentale et numérique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI076/document.
Full textThis study, using both experimental and numerical approaches, will help to better understand the behavior of structure strengthened/repaired by composite based on mineral matrix. It especially focuses on the study of a new coating for drinkable water reservoirs without bisphenol A. The main objective of this thesis is development of a mineral matrix composite. Feasibility, performances and behavior of composite are examined. The experimental program involves different levels of analysis. At material level, the formulation and characterization of a mineral matrix are studied. At structure level, the application of this composite for the strengthening and repair of concrete and reinforced concrete structures is considered. A bending experiment on concrete specimens and the study of twelve reinforced concrete beams submitted to four point bending load, allows presenting good disposition in terms of bearing capacity. Secondly, the local analysis highlights the efficacy of the composite to bridge the crack and stop opening propagation. The effect of two different conservation conditions of beams with TRC (immersion in water compared to in air) was studied. The objective is evaluating the pertinence of TRC conserving in the water environment to apply in the concrete water reservoir structure. The effect evaluation of load history of structures on the efficacy strengthened/repaired of TRC composite is presented. It seems that the pre-cracking does not influence on the qualitative and quantitative behavior of the structure. Concerning the numerical approach, this work aims to establish a numerical model of concrete structure and reinforced concrete structure strengthened/repaired by TRC composite materials. The model, which is based on non-linear behavior laws for the constitutive materials (concrete, steel and TRC composite), is compared, at several scales, with experimental results. The good agreement, both qualitative and quantitative, between the model used and the results as expressed in the load-deflection curves validates the proposed model at a global scale. At local level (longitudinal deformation of the steel, deformation of the concrete, deformation of the TRC, cracks opening…) the digital-experimental comparison confirms a good qualitative and, the quantitative agreement. Finally, the parametric study allows to evaluate the influence of the thickness of the composite TRC (indirectly, the reinforcement ratio of beam), and the influence of the pre-cracking configuration on the global and local behavior of the structure
Hemsas, Miloud. "Modélisation par macro-éléments du comportement non-linéaire des ouvrages à voiles porteurs en béton armé sous action sismique : développement de méthodes simplifiées d'analyse dynamique et de vulnérabilité sismique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14020.
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Houde, Marie-Josée. "Modélisation de poutres en béton armé endommagées par chargements cycliques : comportement en flexion et en cisaillement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24305/24305.pdf.
Full textThe objective of this research project is to develop a modeling tool (layer by layer) for the behavior of reinforced concrete members. For flexure, the model relies on the capacity to predict the behavior of a cracked section and also the behavior of the entire bent beam. Damage related to historic loading also applies, including permanent deformations and a diminished rigidity to the material. It is therefore possible to set up an alarm threshold by upgrading the reliability index of the structure which constitutes a complementary tool to telesurveillance or monitoring. An experimental program was setup to obtain results to validate the model with static and cyclic loading of instrumented beams. The comparison between the experimental results and the model predictions shows an excellent agreement for the static loading behavior, even though it is on the safe side of the performance index indicators. The phenomenon is nonetheless favourable for the proposed telesurveillance alarm threshold. Finally, the model can generate a rupture envelop including the interaction between the shear force and bending moment. The use of the modified compression field theory allows the follow-up of the crack inclination and the deformation in the stirrups at rupture. In summary, this prediction tool reveals to be a very useful one to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete members subjected to shear and bending.
SIDIBE, KARAMOKO. "Fiabilite des poteaux en beton arme soumis a un chargement thermomecanique." Toulouse, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAT0021.
Full textRezaie, Freydoon. "Étude du comportement en flexion de poutres en béton armé corrodé : modélisation moment-courbure modifié prenant en compte le raidissement en traction du béton fissuré." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-119.pdf.
Full textZhang, Ruijin. "Phase d’initiation et de propagation de la corrosion dans les structures en béton armé et leurs conséquences sur la durée de vie." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000234/.
Full textThe thesis aims to study both initiation and propagation phase of steel corrosion in reinforced concrete structures in chloride environment. Experiments were carried out in order to investigate the initiation period and the beginning of the propagation period in relation with the steel-concrete interface quality. Specific high size reinforced concrete members were cast to create various steel-concrete interface qualities and were stored in a saline environment. Polarisation resistance was measured regularly to assess the corrosion rate. Results show firstly the significant influence of the steel-concrete interface condition on corrosion initiation and propagation. In the propagation period, two different phases were observed: In the first phase, pitting corrosion attacks (local corrosion) lead to concrete cracking characterized by small width cracks propagating along the reinforcing bars and in front the pitting attacks. In the second phase, due to the presence of these cracks, the local corrosion turns to a generalised corrosion propagating all along the reinforcing bars and leading to an important increase of the corrosion cracks width. This last point is totally in connection with the other part of the work carried out on large size reinforced concrete beams, which were 22 years old at the beginning of the thesis and in corrosion propagation phase since many years. The investigations performed on these old beams confirm the results obtained on the high size concrete members experiments (i. E. The propagation period divided into two different phases: local and generalised corrosion). A model was already developed in the past allowing predicting the corrosion state of the reinforcing bars from the cracks width during pitting corrosion period. To generalise the model to the whole corrosion process, a new model is proposed in this thesis linking the generalised corrosion in term of steel cross-section reduction to the corrosion cracking geometry and width. These results are important because representatives of the natural process. Indeed, these two different phases in the corrosion propagation period do not exist in usual accelerated tests under electric current. According to this new approach of the corrosion propagation phase, a new model is proposed for the assessment of reinforced concrete structures serviceability versus corrosion. During the pitting corrosion phase, the serviceability of the structural members is only affected by the steel-concrete bond reduction leading to a global deflection increase. At this stage the steel cross-section reductions are so local that they do no affect the global behaviour. Then, in the second propagation phase, the generalisation of the corrosion, which leads to a homogeneous steel loss all along the reinforcing bars, is taken into account as a coupled effect of the cross-section and bond reduction. At last, experiment performed up to failure on one 23 years old beam confirms the direct correlation between the reduction of the bearing capacity and in steel cross-section. Finally, the long term experiments carried out on the old reinforced concrete beams show that reinforced concrete structures can perfectly ensure a good quality of serviceability for a very long time in corrosion propagation period. Regarding the structural performance reduction, results have shown that the propagation period can be as long as the initiation phase in the service life. Therefore, the propagation period should be considered as a normal step in the service life span
Nguyen, The Dung. "Apport de la modélisation mésoscopique dans la prédiction des écoulements dans les ouvrages en béton fissuré en conditions d’accident grave." Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU3037.
Full textThis thesis aims at characterising and modeling the mechanical behavior of concrete at the mesoscopic scale. This model is to represent the concrete as a heterogeneous medium, taking into account aggregate and cement paste respecting the grading curve. The model parameters describe the mechanical and thermal behavior of cement paste and aggregates. A program of random granular structure valid in 2D and 3D has been developed. This program is interfaced with the Finite Element code CAST3M in order to compute the numerical simulations. A method for numerical representation of the inclusions of concrete was also developed and validated by projection of the geometry on the shape functions, thus eliminating the problems of meshing. Firstly, the model is studied in order to optimize the geometrical model of the inner structure of concrete in terms of the meshing strategy and the smallest size of the aggregate to be taken into account. The results of the 2D and 3D model are analyzed and compared in the case of uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression. The model used is an isotropic unilateral damage model. The model allows to simulate both the macroscopic behavior but also with the local studies of the distribution of crack and crack opening. The model shows interesting results on the transition from diffuse to localized damage and is able to reproduce dilatancy in compression. Finally, the mesoscopic model is applied to three simulations : the calculation of the permeability of cracked concrete ; the simulation of the hydration of concrete at early age and finally the scale effect illustrated by bending computation on notched beams
Colina, Horacio Enrique. "Maitrise de la fissuration de peau du béton : étude géométrique et modelisation." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENPC9215.
Full textFrantzeskakis, Cléarchos. "Contribution à la modélisation des stuctures en béton armé par la méthode des éléments finis." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529454.
Full textBairrão, Rogério. "Modèle de comportement à la ruine des structures constituées de poutres en béton armé : prise en compte des phénomènes d'endommagement et de plasticité." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066014.
Full textPerreault-Chabot, Joëlle. "Modélisation de la pénétration des chlorures dans les stationnements multiétagés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27312/27312.pdf.
Full textThe corrosion of steel in reinforced concrete by the penetration of chlorides is one of the primary causes of concrete degradation in North America. The prediction of chloride ingress in concrete by numerical modeling will lead to better planning and evaluation of the repair and maintenance needs of degrading and aging structures. Several factors, such as air temperature and relative humidity, affect the movement of chloride ions inside concrete. Their effects and the real exposure conditions of structures to chlorides are still not well understood. The goal of this research project is to evaluate the influence of the exposure conditions of structures on the penetration of chloride ions. The objective is also to validate the finite element model STADIUM® under the new exposure conditions. The effect of temperature, variation of air’s relative humidity and application of certain types of protection on concrete surfaces were measured by chloride profiles in laboratory. Numerical simulations were conducted, imposing similar exposure conditions to those studied. The comparison between experimental and numerical results shows the precision level of the model in predicting the chloride concentration at rebar level. The in situ part of the program concentred on exposure conditions of in service multistage parking structures. The air temperature and the relative humidity inside the structures were measured. The amount of salt brought by cars on the parking’s slabs is unknown, however, chloride concentrations in the various phases of water present at the surface of the concrete have been measured regularly during three winters. The variability and intensity of the results obtained offer a unique and new vision of real exposure conditions of multistage parking structures.
Manzoni, Florent. "Comportement thermo-hydro-mécanique des structures en béton." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30311.
Full textWithin the framework of the future underground disposal structures of Intermediate Level Long-Life nuclear wastes steered by Andra (the French National Agency for Nuclear Waste Management), the delayed behaviour of High Performance Concrete (HPC) under variable Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) solicitations is studied to predict the long-term performance of the structures. The study contains three parts that aim to improve knowledge of each THM solicitation and their couplings effects. First of all, a model based on experimental results is proposed to explain and simulate the Thermal Transient Deformation (TTD) with a Thermo-Mechanical coupling using water movements between two porous types (C-S-H nanopores and capillary pores). Secondly, the study of delayed strain of a HPC at 20 °C in autogenous or desiccation (50% RH) conditions are led under variable mechanical stress, moderate and intense levels of loading, and different samples geometries (cylinder 11 x 22 cm3 or ring) in order to verify, in one hand, the capacity of the model to reproduce the strains evolutions under loading whatever the history of loading, the level of loading, and the concrete consolidation state, and, in the other hand, if the model fitted on cylinders results is able to simulate the behaviour of a circular geometry analogous to the Andra's tunnel, but at a reduced scale (1/25th). Finally, the last part of this research consists of simulating the desiccation strain. In this part, the need resorting to a hydric damage modelling and to consider the loading effect amplification is shown. Finally, the model is tested on strains measured during this study and on literature data. This work allows to improve the understanding of the physical phenomena at the origin of delayed strains, and to propose a model which integrates THM couplings and able to simulate structure behaviour under various solicitations over space and time
Tran, Nhu Cuong. "Développement d'un modèle d'interface acier-béton à haute température : modélisation des structures en béton exposées au feu." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00657207.
Full textModjabi-Sangnier, François. "Approche quantitative de la notion de compatibilité des bétons de réparation autoplaçants." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27477/27477.pdf.
Full textTorre-Casanova, Anaëlle. "Prise en compte de la liaison acier-béton pour le calcul de structures industrielles." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00777204.
Full textHe, Ting. "Analysis of the impact of corrosion on the durability of blot-reinforced structures." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10140/document.
Full textThe thesis includes analysis of the impact of corrosion on the durability of blot-reinforced structures. The study is based on theoretical analyses as well as experimental and numerical modeling. The work results in establishing a new method to evaluate the durability of corroded anchorage system. The originality of this work lies on the use of the visco-plastic theory as well as the composite element method for the analysis of stresses and strains induced in the blot-reinforced concrete by the corrosion.The principle achievements of this work are:• The corrosion mechanism of blot-reinforced concrete is revisited and discussed.• Theoretical formulas of corroded expansion force are established and applied to the analysis of laboratory experiments.• A spatially analytical model of bolt rust is established to study the 3D stress field of the bolt under the joint action of pullout force and rust expansion force.Analysis of the stress distribution due to expansion shows that the axial stress of the bolt is distributed in the form of exponential decay function; in the plane perpendicular to the bolt, radial stress within the mortar protective layer is in transition from tensile stress to compressive stress, shear stress between the bolt and mortar follows linear variation
Trad, Rim. "Étude du comportement des revêtements de tunnels creusés au tunnelier : modélisation numérique du contact entre voussoirs." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDENGSYS/2021/2021LILUN036.pdf.
Full textTunneling in urban areas has grown considerably in recent decades, with increasingly ambitious projects. One of the major challenges for engineers is to ensure both safety during the construction work and its surrounding in an increasingly complex context. Engineers seek to improve their calculation models of the underground structure, beyond the three-dimensional and highly non-linear aspects, most take into account the behavior of the support structure elements, which mainly consist of segments forming the ring of the tunnels by mechanical assembly within them. In certain cases, knowing the detailed behavior of the joints connecting the segments is essential, as it can substantially influence the calculation methods.The framework of this thesis is in line with the objective of better understanding and proposing improvements to the calculation tools for tunnel lining with segmental rings.The first objective of this work is to evaluate the reliability of existing approaches in the current literature with regards to the influence of joints in the tunnel structure. The second objective is to propose practical numerical modeling for the joint with a behavioral law that takes into account all the non-linearities of the material and geometrical parameters that influence the joint behavior.A comparative numerical study of the existing methods is done and introduced in the literature review. Based on the data gathered from the study, it has been noted that the different methods generally work well, but on condition that they can be calibrated to data which is sometimes unavailable. Therefore, a limitation of the existing methods is observed, hence the need to describe the joint behavior in the most relevant way according to geometry and joint characteristics.The second objective is to propose a three-dimensional finite element model capable of taking into account the complex local behavior of the joints through a global approach, based on four-point bending tests of two segments and a longitudinal joint. A parametric study has been done on this model to study the influence of parameters related to material non-linearities and interface geometry on the joint behavior. A non-linear longitudinal joint behavior law (Moment versus rotation) is proposed and validated with experimental tests. The calculations are also extended to the non-linear behavior of concrete, taking into account the plasticity and damage on the concrete.The last part aims at providing a practical approach to model the longitudinal joint macro-element by one-dimensional finite element. This simplified method takes into account the complex local behavior, including the non-linearities of the material and geometrical parameters that influence the joint behavior (number of bolts, the thickness of the segment, loading, damage and joint resistance...) through a global approach. The reliability of the proposed model was confirmed by good correspondence between the simulation results experimental tests
Lelièvre, Dylan. "Simulation numérique des transferts de chaleur et d’humidité dans une paroi multicouche de bâtiment en matériaux biosourcés." Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS359/document.
Full textIn a context of energy efficiency and durability in the field of building, the understanding of hygrothermal behaviour of building materials, especially hygroscopic ones, is essential. This study aim to understand and model heat and moisture transfers in a multi-layer building wall made of biosourced materials. We focus in particular on hysteretic phenomena observed on sorption isotherms. A one-dimensional numerical model developed with the COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to simulate transient temperature and vapour pressure in three situations. The first one is about the hygrothermal behaviour of materials, highly hygroscopic (hemp concrete) and lowly hygroscopic (lime-based plasters), exposed to several cyclical variations of relative humidity. A good agreement is observed between simulated and measured values of relative humidity, temperature and moisture content. However, results are highly sensitive to hydric properties. Then, a study is performed on an instrumented hemp-concrete wall built in a bi-climatic chamber and exposed to simultaneous temperature and relative humidity variations. The confrontation between measured and simulated values shows the importance of initial moisture content
Martyniak, Valentin. "Etude du comportement différé des revêtements dans les galeries souterraines." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02573431.
Full textStress equilibrium in concrete lining of deep tunnels, or in soft rocks, is a complex phenomenon. It results from the coupled behavior of the rock and the concrete of the lining. The creep behavior of the rock implies a progressive loading of the gallery lining. The magnitude of this phenomenon is strongly related to the rigidity of the concrete lining. Numerical simulation led to predict the stress generated in the lining are generally done by integrating very complex models in rock behavior, but the results can show a higher stress than those measured in real galleries. The origin of the mistakes in these numerical models can be multiple. These differences can be explained by the omission of certain phenomena which can influence the balance of the stress in the lining.Through various approaches with increasing complexity, the phenomena that can influence the evolution of the stress in deep underground tunnel lining have been studied. These phenomena can be related to the behavior of the concrete lining or to the behavior of the ground. A semi-analytical convergence-confinement approach have been developed by integrating the long term behavior of the ground effects with a Singh-Mitchell phenomenological model. The creep and shrinkage of the concrete lining follow an empirical model of Eurocode. This allowed for determining an order of magnitude of the different phenomena and to select those having a significant effect. Moreover, thanks to an analysis of experimental data on the Chamoise and Bure galleries, we have been able to show that the evolution of the stress velocity in the lining seems to follow a linear evolution of log(dσ)/log(t) with a constant slope despite the differences between the structures. The study of these experimental data have quantified the long time behavior of concrete lining through the analysis of stress and strain measurements.The second level of complexity integrates the L&K viscoplastic model into a numerical model. In order to study more precisely the amplitude of these phenomena, their effects can depend on the method of construction, we have defined two reference cases. These two cases correspond to the two configurations most commonly encountered in underground structures: the first is a gallery excavated in a traditional way with a horseshoe section, the second one is a tunnel with a circular section dug with a TBM. A sensitivity study of the parameters of the numerical model, and of the L&K model was performed to determine the possible range of variation of the concrete lining stress velocity parameter.Finally, the third level of complexity integrates a concrete model coupling the mechanical model to the effects of hydration and drying of the concrete. An analysis of these phenomena will be performed on samples through creep tests in the numerical model, then the model will be integrated into one of the reference cases. This will provide a better estimation of the effect of concrete lining creep, which appears to be the most noticeable effect on concrete lining stress evolution
Benniou, Hicham. "Modélisation par éléments discrets du comportement des matériaux cimentaires sous impact sévère : prise en compte du taux de saturation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI055/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the modeling of concrete and concrete structures subjected to stresses ranging from quasi-static to dynamic loading, taking into account the presence of free water in pores. The objective is the development of a predictive simulation tool capable of describing the behavior of concrete and concrete structures, taking into account the effects of saturation ratio. The choice of discrete elements for modeling is justified by the discontinuous phenomena that appear in the concrete, such as cracking, fragmentation, spalling and scabbing. Discrete Elements can reproduce reliably and efficiently the local discontinuous behavior and the overall response of the structure.The first part of this work concerns the simulation of quasi-static tests under uniaxial and highly confined triaxial loadings, taking into account the compaction phenomenon. The effects of the free water contained in the pores are taken into account by introducing a dependency between the water saturation level and the inelastic deformation. The identification process of the model parameters is presented. Finally, the model is validated by reproducing the quasi-static behavior of concrete in different tests.The second part of this work concerns the dynamic behavior of concrete. The aim is to extend the validation of the model by simulating impact tests on concrete slabs of different thickness. The dynamic effects are taken into account and impact simulations on concrete slabs of different thickness are made. The results are in good agreement with experimental results
Ghannoum, Maria. "Effets des hétérogénéités du béton sur le comportement mécanique des structures à plusieurs échelles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI035/document.
Full textThis thesis is a contribution to the modeling of the spatial variability of tensile strength of concrete structures, at different scales, and its influence on concrete cracking pattern. Particularly, a size effect law and random fields are used through two approaches:On the one hand, an analytical probabilistic approach of the Weakest Link and Localization (WL2) method is proposed. This method estimates the distribution of the tensile strength, at different scales, accounting for the stress redistributions around the weakest point.It depends on a scale length, whose identification is discussed. This scale length accounts for spatial randomness of the concrete tensile strengthOn the other hand, another contribution of this thesis is the development of a Stochastic Finite Element (SFE) method, used to model both size effect and the spatial variability of the tensile strength. The method consists first on defining a random field, using the mean tensile strength estimated from the analytical approach of WL2. Then, discretized autocorrelated random field realizations are generated. Moreover, the choice of autocorrelation parameters, used to define the random fields, is discussed.The applicability of both methods is evaluated using various experimental series exhibiting particularly statistical size effect. Furthermore, the SFE method is used to complete the simplified FE model of a 1/3 mock-up of a double-wall containment building. The uncertainties on the tensile strength, at this scale, are modeled using independent autocorrelated random field at each scale. Uncertainties propagation, at initial state, shows its pertinence in the estimation of crack positions
Cherif, Rachid. "Etude de l’effet de la composition de la solution interstitielle des matériaux cimentaires sur les interactions multi-espèces lors des transferts de chlorures." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS002/document.
Full textThe durability of the reinforced concrete structures is closely related to the composition of their materials and, particularly to their properties. This durability is characterized by indicators among which we quote the diffusion coefficient of chlorides. These ionic species penetrate through the concrete and interact with the other species present in the interstitial solution (contained in concrete pores) as well as the cementitious matrix components. In the literature, there is a lake of data describing simultaneously these ionic interactions, especially their consideration in the study or modeling the ionic transport phenomena. This work focuses on the study of multispecies interactions that occur during the chloride transfer. To this purpose, the evolution of pore solutions chemistry of hardened cement pastes manufactured with different mineral additions is investigated. This solution is extracted, before and after migration test, using a specific press and analyzed by ionic chromatography. Furthermore, the microstructure evolution of these cement pastes is characterized by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This allows highlighting the modification caused by chloride penetration. Secondly, for the modeling of chloride transport in cement based materials, a multispecies transport model is developed. In this context, several mono and multispecies transport models, under an electrical field or not, in transitory or steady state were developed previously. The aim of this numerical study is to extend these models in order to consider the ions present in the interstitial solution and their multispecies interactions leading to the precipitation of new chloride compound and the dissolution of some hydrates. The mathematical formulation of the phenomena studied was established from the principle of mass conservation and the thermodynamic equations. Initial and boundary conditions were adopted to take into account both the chemical composition of sea water and that of pore solution. Results highlight the effect of these phenomena on the pore solution chemistry and the chloride transport
Rastiello, Giuseppe. "Influence de la fissuration sur le transfert de fluides dans les structures en béton : stratégies de modélisation probabiliste et étude expérimentale." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861375.
Full textMoreau, Antoine. "Calcul des propriétés homogénéisées de transfert dans les matériaux poreux par des méthodes de réduction de modèle : Application aux matériaux cimentaires." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS024.
Full textIn this thesis, we manage to combine two existing tools in mechanics: periodic homogenization, and reduced-order modelling, to modelize corrosion of reinforced concrete structures. Indeed, chloride and carbonate diffusion take place their pores and eventually oxydate their steel skeleton. The simulation of this degradation is difficult to afford because of both the material heterogenenity, and its microstructure variability. Periodic homogenization provides a multiscale model which takes care of the first of these issues. Nevertheless, it assumes the existence of a representative elementary volume (REV) of the material at the microscopical scale. I order to afford the microstructure variability, we must solve the equations which arise from periodic homogenization in a reduced time. This motivates the use of model order reduction, and especially the POD. In this work we design geometrical transformations that transport the original homogenization equations on the fluid domain of a unique REV. Indeed, the POD method can’t be directly performed on a variable geometrical space like the material pore network. Secondly, we adapt model order reduction to the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which is strongly nonlinear, and which rules ionic electro diffusion at the Debye length scale. Finally, we combine these new methods to other existing tools in model order reduction (ITSGM interpolatin, MPS method), in order to couple the micro- and macroscopic components of periodic homogenization
Jukic, Miha. "Finite elements for modeling of localized failure in reinforced concrete." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997197.
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