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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Construction contracts Australia

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Academic literature on the topic 'Construction contracts Australia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Construction contracts Australia"

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Turnbull, C., W. Sher, and L. Tang. "How Can Blockchain Benefit Payment Systems in Smart Construction Contracts: A Brief Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 9 (November 1, 2022): 092037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/9/092037.

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Abstract Construction industry professionals suffer regularly from poor cash-flow which reflects non-payment or payment delays down the hierarchical chain. This issue is important as the construction industry has the highest rates of insolvency in Australia, the UK and many other countries. Payment conditions under current construction contracts have proven to be inefficient in delivering timely payments as human interference has control over processing claims. This paper investigated the status of contracts and contract law in Australia and the potential of smart contract technology in improving payment issues in the industry. Qualitative data was collected from secondary literature sources which included observations from industry professionals, real case studies, secondary research and government surveys. It was found that smart contracts feature self-executing digital contracts, immutable data, require no intermediaries and provide transparency on all levels. Although these features are fit for purpose in resolving current contractual issues, smart contracts are not yet available in the construction industry. It was also found that smart contracts do have the potential to provide a trusted and reliable payment system in the construction industry, although there are some aspects it is unlikely to replace such as human performance. Research limitations and future research directions are also provided.

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Davenport, Philip. "Practical Guide to Engineering and Construction Contracts." Construction Economics and Building 10, no. 4 (December 16, 2010): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v10i4.1886.

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Evans, Phillip. "Statutory Review of the Construction Contracts Act 2004 (WA)." University of Notre Dame Australia Law Review 18, no. 1 (2016): 124–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/undalr/2016.18.1.4.

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The Construction Contracts Act 2004 provides for security of payment in the construction industry through the use of rapid adjudication processes to determine payment disputes. It further prohibits or modifies certain “unfair” provisions in construction contracts and implies provisions in construction contracts about certain matters if there are no written provisions about these matters in the contract. In 2015 the Minster for Commerce commissioned a review of the Act to determine whether iy is meeting the needs of industry and whether amendment was required. This paper provides a background to the construction industry in Western Australia and the essential provisions of the Act together with the principal findings from the review. The recurring issue throughout the review was the critical need for widespread education and publicity regarding the existence of, and the provisions of the Act. Unless this occurs as a matter of urgency and priority, the Act will not fully achieve its objectives for the benefit of all sections of the construction industry.

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Ke, Yongjian, Florence Y. Y. Ling, and Patrick X. W. Zou. "Effects of Contract Strategy on Interpersonal Relations and Project Outcomes of Public-Sector Construction Contracts in Australia." Journal of Management in Engineering 31, no. 4 (July 2015): 04014062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000273.

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Chan, Daniel W. M., Joseph H. L. Chan, and Tony Ma. "Developing a fuzzy risk assessment model for guaranteed maximum price and target cost contracts in South Australia." Facilities 32, no. 11/12 (August 4, 2014): 624–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-08-2012-0063.

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Purpose – This paper aims to develop a fuzzy risk assessment model for construction projects procured with target cost contracts and guaranteed maximum price contracts (TCC/GMP) using the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method, based on an empirical questionnaire survey with relevant industrial practitioners in South Australia. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 34 major risk factors inherent with TCC/GMP contracts were identified through an extensive literature review and a series of structured interviews. A questionnaire survey was then launched to solicit the opinions of industrial practitioners on risk assessment of such risk factors. Findings – The most important 14 key risk factors after the computation of normalised values were selected for undertaking fuzzy evaluation analysis. Five key risk groups (KRGs) were then generated in descending order of importance as: physical risks, lack of experience of contracting parties throughout TCC/GMP procurement process, design risks, contractual risks and delayed payment on contracts. These survey findings also revealed that physical risks may be the major hurdle to the success of TCC/GMP projects in South Australia. Practical implications – Although the fuzzy risk assessment model was developed for those new-build construction projects procured by TCC/GMP contracts in this paper, the same research methodology may be applied to other contracts within the wide spectrum of facilities management or building maintenance services under the target cost-based model. Therefore, the contribution from this paper could be extended to the discipline of facilities management as well. Originality/value – An overall risk index associated with TCC/GMP construction projects and the risk indices of individual KRGs can be generated from the model for reference. An objective and a holistic assessment can be achieved. The model has provided a solid platform to measure, evaluate and reduce the risk levels of TCC/GMP projects based on objective evidence instead of subjective judgements. The research methodology could be replicated in other countries or regions to produce similar models for international comparisons, and the assessment of risk levels for different types of TCC/GMP projects (including new-build or maintenance) worldwide.

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Ke, Yongjian, Peter Davis, and Marcus Jefferies. "A conceptual model of psychological contracts in construction projects." Construction Economics and Building 16, no. 3 (September 8, 2016): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v16i3.4993.

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The strategic importance of relationship style contracting is recognised in the construction industry. Both public and private sector clients are stipulating more integrated and collaborative forms of procurement. Despite relationship and integrated contractual arrangement being available for some time, it is clear that construction firms have been slow to adopt them. Hence it is timely to examine how social exchanges, via unwritten agreement and behaviours, are being nurtured in construction projects. This paper adopted the concept of Psychological Contracts (PC) to describe unwritten agreement and behaviours. A conceptual model of the PC is developed and validated using the results from a questionnaire survey administered to construction professionals in Australia. The results uncovered the relationships that existed amongst relational conditions and relational benefits, the PC and the partners’ satisfaction. The results show that all the hypotheses in the conceptual model of the PC are supported, suggesting the PC model is important and may have an effect on project performance and relationship quality among contracting parties. A validated model of the PC in construction was then developed based on the correlations among each component. The managerial implications are that past relationships and relationship characteristics should be taken into account in the selection of procurement partners and the promise of future resources, support and tangible relational outcomes are also vital. It is important for contracting parties to pay attention to unwritten agreements (the PC) and behaviours when managing construction projects.

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Hall, Richard. "Australian Industrial Relations in 2005 - The WorkChoices Revolution." Journal of Industrial Relations 48, no. 3 (June 2006): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185606064786.

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Industrial relations in Australia in 2005 were dominated by the introduction of the WorkChoices reforms, the most fundamental recasting of the industrial relations system in over 100 years. This analysis examines the rhetoric and reality of the reforms and identifies and summarizes the main features of the changes. It is argued that the implications of the reforms will include an expanded low wage sector, a contraction in collective bargaining and the greater use by employers of individual contracts. The reforms represent a ‘corporatisation’ of industrial relations (McCallum, 2006), commit Australia to a low road labour market development path and signal a new level of politicization of industrial relations. The rhetorical strategies employed by the principal author of the reforms, Prime Minister John Howard, reveal a distinctive construction of the emergent Australian worker - the ‘enterprise worker’ - that is central to Howard’s vision of the future.

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Ninan, Johan, Stewart Clegg, Steve Burdon, and John Clay. "Reimagining Infrastructure Megaproject Delivery: An Australia—New Zealand Perspective." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 2971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15042971.

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Infrastructure megaprojects are increasing in size and number worldwide. Widespread shortcomings such as cost overruns, delays, litigious threats, and community opposition are now so pervasive there is a clear mandate to rethink the way we plan, deliver, and operate our infrastructure. In this context, we situate this research to understand how megaprojects can be set up for success. Data were collected from responses to a questionnaire survey, interviews, and case studies. The questionnaire was fielded by multiple agencies involved in infrastructure projects, such as engineers, construction organizations, and government delivery agencies. For qualitative insights, we conducted 30 interviews with participants from these agencies and studied cases that successfully implemented the themes identified. The results highlight the three themes with the highest impact in delivering projects successfully: (1) Improved integrated planning, business cases, and front-end engineering design; (2) efficient use of contracts; and (3) strengthening government and political engagement. This research contrasts the literature on megaproject success with data collected from questionnaires, case studies, and interviews. Collecting solutions that have solved issues effectively is an innovative aspect of our methodology, with these findings holding considerable value for ecosystem practitioners. Thus, we contribute by highlighting eight cost-effective, relevant, and efficient ways for reimagining infrastructure megaproject delivery.

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Whitehead, Julie, and Karen Walters. "EPCM contracting: clearing the minefield." APPEA Journal 54, no. 1 (2014): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13023.

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The past year has seen a downturn in the number of new mining and infrastructure projects in Australia. Despite that, the authors are noticing a continuation of the trend towards a greater use of engineering, procurement and construction management (EPCM) style contracting. The increased use of EPCM contracts is in part due to projects becoming larger and more complex. As these projects can only be delivered by multiple contractors who all seek to limit their liability, the EPCM contract offers a useful framework for coordinating and managing those contractors, and maximising the owner’s recourse to them. This is particularly so in the oil and gas industry, with many projects using this form of project delivery. As there is no standard-form EPCM contract, however, and given the complex technical nature of these types of projects, negotiating an EPCM contract can be fraught with danger, especially for owners who may not have used this style of contract before. This paper discusses the unique characteristics of the EPCM contract (particularly in contrast to the engineering, procurement and construction style contract), the typical risk allocation, and the creative use of compensation and incentive regimes to drive optimum performance. The EPCM model is not suited to all projects, but if it is appropriately negotiated and drafted, and is well managed by an appropriately skilled and resourced owner’s team, it can provide a platform for excellence in project delivery.

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Lambie, Ross, Nicole Thomas, and David Whitelaw. "Implications of LNG exposure on the competitiveness of Australia." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15095.

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Australia’s eastern gas market has historically been one of low prices and stable, long-term contracts. The development of coal seam gas (CSG) and the construction of Queensland’s three CSG to LNG projects is driving a tripling of gas production in eastern Australia and changes to historical patterns and directions of gas flows throughout the market. This transition from an isolated market to one linked to international LNG markets, coinciding with the unwinding of many legacy contracts, is leading to unprecedented change and will have profound effects on all participants. This extended abstract considers the implications of LNG exposure on the competitiveness of Australia’s eastern gas market. It will draw on the expertise of the gas market specialists in the Office of the Chief Economist, and the oligopolistic model of the market, to consider impacts on supply, demand, price, and the level of competition in various sectors of the market. One of the initial findings is that the volatility of global LNG spot prices is likely to have a significant impact on both gas production and demand in east Australia, given the scale of LNG exports relative to the eastern market. The extended abstract explores a range of LNG demand scenarios for the eastern gas market. It will emphasise the fundamental importance of expanded gas production on market outcomes, and the need for ongoing gas exploration and development to support the market through the transition.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Construction contracts Australia"

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Mohyla, Lolita V. (Lolita Veronica). "Alternative forms of building contract, and implications for the practice of architecture and influences upon the Australian building industry." 1992, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARCHM/09archmm711.pdf.

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Davies, John Paul. "Alliance Contracts and Public Sector Governance." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367071.

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Alliances are novel procurement options providing governments with the opportunity to engage in collaborative arrangements with industry and sharing risks and rewards and at the same time eliminating disputes. Most alliances incorporate unanimous decision-making protocols, a commercial arrangement where there is no recourse to the courts for dispute resolution, and a remuneration system where the contractor and principal share cost overruns and underruns. This arrangement offers substantial benefits for the procurement of high-risk projects, but there are substantial disadvantages. The first Australian public sector alliance contract appeared as recently as 1998. Within a decade, the use of alliances grew to over a 100 projects worth over $25 billion. What has sparked such overwhelming interest in this relatively new procurement option, and are these procurement options effective? This empirically based study answers these questions by first exploring what typical alliance contracts look like, where they are used, and why they are used; and second, examining the governance arrangements of these alliances including the dimensions of accountability, integrity, stewardship and transparency. Alliances attempt to incorporate a robust governance structure with emphasis on open book financial reporting and the mandatory use of probity auditors and independent auditors. Despite these efforts, there are several failings in both the performance and compliance aspects of public sector governance. In particular, this study demonstrates that most alliances, despite their popularity, fail to demonstrate value for money for the public sector, and fail to comply with other public sector governance objectives including accountability, integrity, and transparency. This study also demonstrates that alliances focus on treating the symptoms of the failings of conventional contracts, namely poor contract documentation, inappropriate risk allocation and poor estimation of project cost. Consequently, the benefits of alliances are significantly overstated by alliance protagonists. The main benefit provided by alliances is the ability to attract industry involvement. The current undersupply of construction and engineering services is driving governments to soften risk allocation in contracts to ensure competitive bids are received to requests for tender. This study demonstrates that this is one of the key, but undocumented, reasons for governments’ use of alliances. This study also examines some of the criticisms raised by legal commentators on alliances. These include the absence of price competition, the potential for the creation of fiduciary obligations, the absence of recourse to the courts should an alliance project go awry, the risks of deadlocks occurring as a result of the alliance no disputes clause and the problems created with the alliance no liability provisions and project insurance. Many of these criticisms are overstated. This study demonstrates that the issues of fiduciary obligations, deadlocks and project insurance will not create any substantial risks to the public sector when embarking upon an alliance with industry. Nevertheless, the alliance no-disputes provisions place the public sector in an inappropriate situation should an alliance participant fail to perform adequately. The alliance contract is largely a ‘faith based’ contract as the public sector places considerable emphasis on contractor representations and promises, rather than enforceable guarantees. Though current alliances fail to comply with many of the governance objectives of the public sector, many of these failures are also found in conventional fixed price contracts. Nevertheless, fixed price contracts better demonstrate value for money and promote arms-length commercial relationships between governments and industry. The incorporation of price competition into some alliance models addresses these concerns. In concluding, this study demonstrates that alliances are appropriate for delivering outcomes in the public sector in some circumstances, particularly where project risks are extreme and competition is limited. Nevertheless, there is substantial scope for improving the governance arrangements of these procurement options. Accordingly, this study recommends improvements in how governments define and measure value for money, how governments treat risk in procurement, how governments consider market forces in procurement and how governments conduct tender evaluations.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Law School
Griffith Law School
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Steensma, Auke. "A statutory review of adjudicators’ determinations under the Construction Contracts Act 2004 (WA) by the State Administrative Tribunal and the Courts of Western Australia." Thesis, Curtin University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/70731.

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The Construction Contracts Act 2004 (WA) commenced on 01 January 2005. From 2005 until 30 June 2017, the Construction Contracts Act 2004 (WA) was used by those seeking a resolution to payment claim disputes within the Western Australian construction industry on 1822 occasions. The statutory legislation provides three mechanisms that give rise to access in the Courts of Western Australia and the State Administrative Tribunal. This research will examine the three mechanisms.

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Burroughs, Gary Leslie. "The response to environmental economic drivers by civil engineering contractors in South Australia." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envb972.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 91-93. Examines the response of two civil engineering construction contractors in South Australia to environmental economic conditions and market requirements using primarily an action research methodology whilst the researcher was engaged as the environmental manager at both corporations.

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Young, William Arthur. "Risk apportioning in engineering and building contracts in Australia." Thesis, 1993. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15739/.

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This thesis is an investigation of current practice in respect of risk apportioning in engineering and building construction contracts in Australia. The thesis details a study conducted on 50 industry contracts that, through an examination of risk provisions, determined that a high level of risk shifting was being practised in the engineering and building construction industries in Australia. A comparative study on North American experience was also reviewed to gain an understanding of the broad extent of such practice. The thesis also reviews current literature on this topic and provides a brief summary of literature items found to be particularly relevant to the study undertaken.

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Baas, Susan Catherine. "Protecting New Zealand construction subcontractors." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11976.

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Non-residential construction projects typically involve a large number of parties and a complicated "pyramid" of contractual relationships. At the top of the project an owner or developer commonly employs a head contractor, who employs specialist contractors, who employ subcontractors, who finally employ workers and material suppliers. Funds for the project are fed in at the top and are intended to trickle down to those at the bottom. However, evidence indicates that this often does not happen and that those at the bottom - most significantly subcontractors - suffer substantial losses. Many countries attempt to reduce subcontractors' losses through legislative intervention. The Canadian common law provinces apply both a statutory "builder's lien", which allows an unpaid subcontractor to register a charge against construction land, and supplementary holdback and trust requirements. By contrast, New South Wales, Australia and the United Kingdom apply a "quick and dirty" form of adjudication in an attempt to reduce the delays in payment disputes. New Zealand is currently investigating the form of legislation that it should enact and has modelled the Construction Contracts Bill on New South Wales adjudication measures. This thesis examines the Canadian, New South Wales and United Kingdom systems for protecting subcontractors, as well as the New Zealand Construction Contracts Bill. It describes these different systems, and applies Cooter and Ulen's perfect contract analysis in an attempt to compare them. It concludes that the New South Wales approach is the most favourable, particularly because of its attempts to reform areas of the construction industry beyond just the problems that subcontractors face. However, it also notes that this approach has very high transaction costs, to such an extent that some proposed reforms may never come to fruition. It therefore recommends that New Zealand take a cautious approach in copying these measures. In addition, the thesis recommends that New Zealand researchers take more time to examine North American builder's lien systems. Protecting construction subcontractors is a complicated issue and the best solution for New Zealand will result from a careful consideration of the many different systems, both before any legislation is enacted and afterwards.

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Morris, Stephen M. "Client/project manager agreement : for the provision of consultant project management services within the building & construction industry." Thesis, 1993. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/15645/.

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The building project management profession in Australia has yet to develop an industry standard Client/Project Manager Agreement. This thesis examines Client/Consultant agreements and addresses the need for and benefits of, developing such an agreement.

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Books on the topic "Construction contracts Australia"

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Bailey, Ian H. Construction law in Australia. 2nd ed. North Ryde, N.S.W: LBC Information Services, 1998.

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Western Australia. Dept. of Consumer and Employment Protection. Consumer Protection Division., ed. Review of the Home Building Contracts Act 1991 : issues paper. Perth, W.A: Dept. of Consumer and Employment Protection, Consumer Protection Division, 2006.

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Davenport, Philip. Adjudication in the building industry. 2nd ed. Sydney: Federation Press, 2004.

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Bailey, Ian H. Understanding Australian construction contracts. Sydney: Lawbook Co., 2008.

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Jacobs, Marcus. Security of payment in the Australian building and construction industry. 2nd ed. Sydney: Thomson Lawbook, 2007.

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Dalton, Peter. Buy or build: Australia's consumer guide to housing. Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1990.

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Ian H. (author.) Bailey. Construction Law In Australia. Lawbook Co./thomson Reuters (professional) Australia,, 2011.

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Construction Practice Series: Construction Law. Routledge, 2014.

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Smolders, John, and Matt Stevens. Understanding Australian Construction Contractors: A Guide for Emerging Professionals. CRC Press LLC, 2022.

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Smolders, John, and Matt Stevens. Understanding Australian Construction Contractors: A Guide for Emerging Professionals. CRC Press LLC, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Construction contracts Australia"

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "The Australian Construction Industry." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 1–26. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-1.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Work Acquisition." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 84–111. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-3.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Summary and Conclusions." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 286–91. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-10.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "People." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 185–223. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-6.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Case Studies." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 275–85. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-9.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Project Operations." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 112–48. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-4.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Retiring From Your Business." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 224–30. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-7.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "The Business of Construction Contracting." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 27–83. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-2.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Financial Management." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 149–84. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-5.

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Stevens, Matt, and John Smolders. "Legendary Management Book Reviews." In Understanding Australian Construction Contractors, 231–74. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003290643-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Construction contracts Australia"

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Rajapaksha, D. N. S., V. Edirisinghe, and A. N. Perera. "Statutory Adjudication for the Sri Lankan Construction Industry." In SLIIT International Conference on Advancements in Sciences and Humanities 2023. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/mamx3300.

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Disputes are pervasive in the Sri Lankan construction industry, causing project delays and financial burdens. Common dispute resolution methods include negotiation, conciliation, mediation, adjudication, and arbitration. While adjudication is mandatory in Sri Lankan construction contracts, its ineffectiveness and lack of enforceability have prompted the exploration of statutory adjudication. This study investigates the barriers to implementing statutory adjudication in Sri Lanka’s construction industry and proposes solutions. Using a qualitative approach, the study involves literature reviews and interviews with industry professionals. Findings indicate a growing preference for adjudication due to its efficiency and reduced adversarial impact. However, the absence of legislative support poses a significant obstacle. Recommendations include enacting statutory adjudication laws, government involvement, creating frameworks and guidelines, and establishing dispute resolution organizations and court systems. Comparable systems in the UK, Australia, and Singapore provide insights into the types of disputes eligible for resolution. Overcoming operational issues such as biased authority nominations, short adjudication timeframes, and insufficient adjudicator regulations is crucial. Implementing statutory adjudication can enhance confidence among stakeholders, cash flow management, and dispute resolution in Sri Lanka’s construction industry, ultimately fostering its growth and sustainability. This study emphasizes the need for legislative backing, government engagement, and comprehensive system development to facilitate statutory adjudication’s successful integration. Recommendations also include promoting awareness, training adjudicators, and encouraging professionals to become adjudicators in the industry, ensuring the construction sector’s continuous improvement.

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Graham, Peter, Craig Burton, and Ari Seligmann. "Pitch to policy program in India and Indonesia - a co-creation approach towards decarbonisation." In Comfort at The Extremes 2023. CEPT University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62744/cate.45273.1116-182-190.

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Across the world the building and construction sector contributes 37% of energy use and 39% of energy and process related carbon emissions. In order to keep global warming below 1.5 °C the buildings sector must halve its emissions by 2030 and be net-zero by 2050, yet emissions were their highest ever in 2021 because rates of new construction and increases in energy demand were far greater than efficiency gains delivered by new building regulations and other policy reforms. Global Buildings Performance Network (GBPN) and Monash University Australia conceived and implemented the Pitch to Policy (P>P) programme as an innovative experiment aimed at validating crowdsourcing, co-creation and systems thinking approaches to promote inclusive policy making for climate action. The program brought relevant government departments, policy makers and entrepreneurs together to co-create innovative solutions for decarbonizing the buildings sector. The program was piloted in two growing economies - India and Indonesia, in partnership with local organisations. A total of 25 teams of professionals participated in the program and 6 finalist teams were awarded seed funding. Some teams have gone on to win contracts, initiate important industry efforts and trial their inventions. Future work will build on post-P>P government engagement for winning teams.

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Fernando, S., and A. Gurmu. "Transaction costs in Australian construction projects." In World Construction Symposium - 2023. Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.87.

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Construction projects involve transaction costs (TCs) both during the pre and post-contract phases. If these costs are not managed appropriately, they can lead to project cost overruns. The purpose of this study is to explore the transaction costs, their determinants and mitigation strategies in the Australian construction industry. Qualitative data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with professionals who have been working as contract administrators, project managers, quantity surveyors and construction managers. The data were then analysed using thematic and content analysis techniques by using NVivo software. The research identified context-specific transaction costs such as statutory charges, opportunity costs, cost of compliance, and lost-time costs. Moreover, the findings indicate that factors affecting transaction costs are interrelated; hence, each factor affects more than one type of transaction cost. It was also found that rules and regulations imposed by regulatory bodies, the type of bidding procedure used, and the use of non-integrated procurement methods increase transaction costs. Further, mitigation strategies for minimising TCs such as recruitment of qualified experts, building trust and relationships, and the use of digital technologies such as BIM, drones and point cloud were identified.

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Tennakoon, M., A. Samaraweera, T. Colangelo, S. Sharma, J. Tiller, J. Zeller, and S. D. Gallage. "Comparative study of work-related factors affecting mental well-being of male and female construction workers in Australia." In World Construction Symposium - 2023. Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2023.29.

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The construction industry is long perceived as physically demanding, and less consideration has been given to the mental well-being of the construction workers. The increasing number of mental health concerns urges the research to expand their focus from work health, safety and accident prevention to the “physio-social effects” on workers’ well-being. Hence, this research aims to explore the effect of work-related factors on the mental well-being of male and female construction workers. After a thorough literature review to set the background, a qualitative research approach was adopted as the methodology. Sixteen participants across two cases were interviewed, and the sample is an equal representation of male and female construction workers in Australia. Factors affecting mental well-being are recognised under five themes through the content analysis of the case study results, including the machoism characteristics of the industry culture; the high-risk and fast-paced work environment; financial stability and financial literacy; uneven workload and unconventionally long working hours; and the involvement of the employer’s management in reassuring the mental well-being. The key implication is that the same inherent machismo cultural characteristics of the Australian construction industry distinctly affect the mental well-being of male and female construction workers. The unpredictability of casual and contract-based appointments causes low job security and financial stability among male workers leading to financial stress. The current study emphasises that a one-stop approach to address the mental health issues of male and female construction workers is ineffective and proposes further in-depth research under the emerged themes of the research.

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Alankarage, S., A. Samaraweera, J. Royle, A. Macolino, S. Robertson, and AD Palihakkara. "Cultural basic assumptions of consultants and contractors during negotiations: The case of South Australian construction industry." In 10th World Construction Symposium. Building Economics and Management Research Unit (BEMRU), University of Moratuwa, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2022.23.

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Negotiations are required in every stage of a construction project. The process of negotiation involves being able to understand the position and emotions of the other side of the negotiation. A reliable means for understanding cultural basic assumptions on negotiation tactics assist in better predicting how individuals may act in a negotiation. This research aims to analyse the effect of basic assumptions of consultants and contractors on negotiations in the South Australian construction industry. This was approached through a case study research strategy, utilising semi-structured interviews with two contractors and two consultants each from three large South Australian Road projects followed by a Content Analysis. Findings reveal that both the contractors and consultants believe the nature of human relationships as collaborative and therefore view negotiations as a mean of strengthening the partnership. They negotiate openly to reach win-win outcomes. They view the nature of human nature to be good, therefore more trust and more openness to creative new ideas in negotiation planning. Respondents mostly believe the nature of the human activity to be harmonizing and are more likely to use trade-offs in reaching mutually beneficial negotiation outcomes. The knowledge created in this research will be useful for anyone preparing to negotiate within the South Australian construction industry or similar cultural setups to understand and predict how contractors and consultants would react to different situations and issues within negotiation processes and to achieve effective outcomes. Further research can study the basic assumptions of sub-contractors about negotiations.

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Stevens, Matt. "Superior Contractor Performance: a Barrier to Lean Construction Adoption in Australia." In 30th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC). International Group for Lean Construction, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24928/2022/0157.

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Barbosa, Fábio C. "High Speed Rail Technology: Increased Mobility With Efficient Capacity Allocation and Improved Environmental Performance." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6137.

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The increasing movement of people and products caused by modern economic dynamics has burdened transportation systems. Both industrialized and developing countries have faced transportation problems in urbanized regions and in their major intercity corridors. Regional and highway congestion have become a chronic problem, causing longer travel times, economic inefficiencies, deterioration of the environment and quality of life. Congestion problems are also occurring at airports and air corridors, with similar negative effects. In the medium distance travel market (from 160 up to 800 km), too far to drive and too short to fly, High Speed Rail (HSR) technology has emerged as a modern transportation system, as it is the most efficient means for transporting large passenger volumes with high speed, reliability, safety, passenger comfort and environmental performance. HSR system’s feasibility will depend on its capacity to generate social benefits (i.e. increased mobility rates, reduced congestion, capacity increase and reduced environmental costs), to be balanced with the high construction, maintenance and operational costs. So, it is essential to select HSR corridors with strong passenger demands to maximize these benefits. The first HSR line was Japan’s Shinkansen service, a dedicated HSR system, between Tokyo and Osaka, launched in 1964, which is currently the most heavily loaded HSR corridor in the world. France took the next step, launching the Train à Grande Vitesse (TGV), in 1981, with a dedicated line with shared-use segments in urban areas, running between Paris and Lyon. Germany joined the venture in the early 1990 with the Inter City Express – ICE, with a coordinated program of improvements in existent rail infrastructure and Spain, in 1992, with the Alta Velocidad Espanola – AVE, with dedicated greenfield lines. Since then, these systems have continuously expanded their network. Currently, many countries are evaluating the construction of new HSR lines, with European Commission deeming the expansion of the Trans European Network as a priority. United Kingdom, for example, has just awarded construction contracts for building the so called HS2, an HSRexpanded line linking London to the northern territory. China, with its dynamic economic development, has launched its HSR network in 2007 and has sped up working on its expansion, and currently holds the highest HSR network. United States, which currently operates high speed trainsets into an operationally restricted corridor (the so called Northeast Corridor (NEC), linking Washington, New York and Boston), has also embarked into the high speed rail world with the launch of Californian HSR Project, currently under construction, aimed to link Los Angeles to San Francisco mega regions, the ongoing studies for Texas HSR project, to connect Dallas to Houston, into a wholly privately funding model, as well as studies for a medium to long term NEC upgrade for HSR. Australia and Brazil are also seeking to design and launch their first HSR service, into a time consuming process, in which a deep discussion about social feasibility and affordability is under way. This work is supposed to present an overview of HSR technology worldwide, with an assessment of the main technical, operational and economical features of Asian and European HSR systems, followed by a snapshot of the general guidelines applied to some planned HSR projects, highlighting their demand attraction potential, estimated costs, as well as their projected economic and environmental benefits.

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Temby, Anna. "Municipal Parks versus Glorious Gardens: The Tensions of Inter-Governmental Management of Urban Park Space." In The 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. PLACE NAME: SAHANZ, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a5048pbpg7.

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In the early twentieth century the view of urban parks as health-giving, vital spaces in modern cities had been firmly established, however, a stark contrast was present in the position of small urban parks, funded and managed by municipal governments, and the state-funded, pseudo- scientific Botanic Gardens. Using Meanjin (Brisbane) as a case-study, this paper examines how conflict between local and state governments drastically hindered the construction of accessible and functional municipal parks, while simultaneously limiting the access of working-class and marginalised citizens to state government-funded spaces such as the Botanic Gardens. Lack of cooperation between the tiers of government, and the privileging of the Botanic Gardens as a site of middle-class leisure, also led to citizen-intervention and investment in council-run park space, which sought to exclude or limit the use of these spaces by those perceived to be ‘unrespectable’ members of the population. This paper asserts that the unequal and oppositional practices in the governing of park and reserve spaces in the early twentieth century, and the tensions between local and state authorities, led to a further entrenching of social demarcations in public park spaces, and negatively impacted upon the significance of park spaces in urban centres.

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Mađanović, Milica, Cameron Moore, and Renata Jadresin Milic. "The Role of Architectural History Research: Auckland’s NZI Building as William Gummer’s Attempt at Humanity." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4007piywz.

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In response to the third thematic sub-stream of the 38th Annual SAHANZ Conference, this paper will discuss the role of architectural research in the architecture of Gummer and Ford, the Auckland-based practice, often described as one of the most prolific bureaus in interwar New Zealand. The paper is a fraction of a three-staged project, “Gummer and Ford,” developed by a team of researchers from the Unitec Institute of Technology in response to an event recognised as a milestone in the New Zealand architectural calendar – the 2023 centenary of the firm’s establishment. This paper explores the design principles of William Gummer, the principal designer of the firm. From 1914 to 1935, Gummer consistently published his view that the goal of the architect was to cater to humanity’s highest instincts. He was unwavering but vague on how this is achieved; through composition, unity, contrast, proportion and scale, appropriate use of materials is all needed to produce buildings of good character. But what did he really mean by this? A close reading of three books Gummer considered invaluable to architectural students – The Essentials of Composition as Applied to Art by John Vredenburgh Van Pelt, Architectural Composition by Nathaniel Cortlandt Curtis, and The Mistress Art by Reginald Bloomfield – offers a direct insight into the influences behind his thinking about architecture and his architectural production. Directly traceable to Gummer, the three titles include clear, precise instructions on both the functional and artistic nature of architectural design. Interestingly, this paper employs a method not dissimilar to Gummer’s design method. These books taken together, along with Gummer’s own writing, a study of renderings and construction drawings, and close observation of the buildings, an architectural analysis of Gummer’s work becomes possible – it is what Gummer himself referred to as Architectural Research. This historically focused study will bring a new perspective to understanding the value and contribution of traditional architects, not only in New Zealand but other English-speaking countries.

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Underwood, Nigel, Lanre Odina, Kevin Hansen, and Harry Lassila. "Integrated Subsea Design: An Informed and Practical Approach." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57207.

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In a sector that is seeing unprecedented levels of activity, the opportunity to assess skill sets to take an integrated approach to subsea system design can be challenging. Contracting strategies that compartmentalise engineering scopes at any stage of the project lifecycle also require a high level of interface and project management. An informed methodology ensures a holistic approach to subsea design and interfaces is undertaken. Many challenges to subsea design are influenced by other disciplines such as reservoir, production technology, process, flow assurance and facilities engineering. Traditionally these considerations are outside of subsea engineering scopes and are controlled at the next level in the supply chain, or within other designers or contractors. This paper considers not only the regional challenges to pipeline and riser design in the Australian region, but also how the inclusion of an integrated approach encompassing multi-disciplined teams allows a more informed outcome. Using these highly skilled teams, this approach can: • Reduce interface management requirements; • Reduce design cycles; • Create optimised solutions within a shorter timescale. This has the potential to reduce overall CAPEX and OPEX costs by identifying value and reducing uncertainties in key areas. This adds significant value in the current climate of extended procurement lead times and resource constraints. Examples of current projects demonstrating how this approach can be applied in concept selection through to detailed design are described. Practical examples of how the possible design outcomes have been assessed using this approach are detailed. Considerations of how key factors such as subsurface, field layout, architecture, materials selection, operability, construction and HSE influence pipeline and riser design are also discussed.

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