Academic literature on the topic 'Constituent priming'
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Journal articles on the topic "Constituent priming"
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Nakamoto, Keiko. "Semantic Priming Effect of Metaphor Constituent Terms." Perceptual and Motor Skills 96, no. 1 (February 2003): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2003.96.1.33.
Full textAbstract:
Camac and Glucksberg reported there was no priming effect between constituent terms of a metaphor and argued that there was no prior similarity or association between the constituents. However, their study had several limitations. An important one was that they neglected the asymmetry of metaphor constituent terms. The purpose of this study is to replicate their experiment under the condition in which one of the constituents preceded the other. The experiment was conducted with Japanese participants using Japanese metaphoric sentences as stimuli. The results showed that the decision was facilitated if the vehicle served as prime and the topic served as target. In contrast, if the topic preceded the vehicle, no priming effect was found. These results are discussed in terms of the class inclusion model proposed earlier by Glucksberg and Keysar.
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Libben, Gary, Mira Goral, and R. Harald Baayen. "What does constituent priming mean in the investigation of compound processing?" Mental Lexicon 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.00001.lib.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Most dictionary definitions for the term compound word characterize it as a word that itself contains two or more words. Thus, a compound word such as goldfish is composed of the constituent words gold and fish. In this report, we present evidence that compound words such as goldfish might not contain the words gold and fish, but rather positionally bound compound constituents (e.g., gold- and -fish) that are distinct and often in competition with their whole word counterparts. This conceptualization has significant methodological consequences: it calls into question the assumption that, in a traditional visual constituent priming paradigm, the participant can be said to be presented with constituents as primes. We claim that they are not presented with constituents. Rather, they are presented with competing free-standing words. We present evidence for the processing of Hebrew compound words that supports this perspective by revealing that, counter-intuitively, prime constituent frequency has an attenuating effect on constituent priming. We relate our findings to previous findings in the study of German compound processing to show that the effect that we report is fundamentally morphological rather than positional or visual in nature. In contrast to German in which compounds are always head-final morphologically, Hebrew compounds are always head initial. In addition, whereas German compounds are written as single words, Hebrew compounds are always written with spaces between constituents. Thus, the commonality of patterning across German and Hebrew is independent of visual form and constituent ordering, revealing, as we claim, core features of the constituent priming paradigm and compound processing.
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Marelli, Marco, Davide Crepaldi, and Claudio Luzzatti. "Head position and the mental representation of nominal compounds." Mental Lexicon 4, no. 3 (December 15, 2009): 430–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.4.3.05mar.
Full textAbstract:
There is a significant body of psycholinguistic evidence that supports the hypothesis of an access to constituent representation during the mental processing of compound words. However it is not clear whether the internal hierarchy of the constituents (i.e., headedness) plays a role in their mental lexical processing and it is not possible to disentangle the effect of headedness from that of constituent position in languages that admit only head-final compounds, like English or Dutch. The present study addresses this issue in two constituent priming experiments (SOA 300ms) with a lexical decision task. Italian endocentric (head-initial and head-final) and exocentric nominal compounds were employed as stimuli and the position of the primed constituent was manipulated. A first-level priming effect was found, confirming the automatic access to constituent representation. Moreover, in head-final compounds data reveal a larger priming effect for the head than for the modifying constituent. These results suggest that different kinds of compounds have a different representation at mental level: while head-final compounds are represented with an internal head-modifier hierarchy, head-initial and exocentric compounds have a lexicalised, internally flat representation.
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El-Bialy, Rowan, Christina L. Gagné, and Thomas L. Spalding. "Processing of English compounds is sensitive to the constituents’ semantic transparency." Mental Lexicon 8, no. 1 (April 29, 2013): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.8.1.04elb.
Full textAbstract:
Compounds vary in terms of the extent to which the constituents’ meanings contribute to the meaning of the compound, and there is an ongoing debate about whether the semantic representations of the constituents of opaque compounds are available during compound processing. Three lexical decision experiments investigated whether semantically priming the first constituent of a compound influenced the processing of that compound. Experiment 1 found semantic priming for fully transparent (TT) compounds but not for OT compounds. Experiment 2 found semantic priming for TT compounds, but not for TO compounds. Experiment 3 found semantic priming for fully opaque (OO) compounds, but not for TO compounds. Our results suggest that semantic transparency is a property of processing, not of representation.
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JACOB, GUNNAR, KALLIOPI KATSIKA, NEILOUFAR FAMILY, and SHANLEY E. M. ALLEN. "The role of constituent order and level of embedding in cross-linguistic structural priming." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 20, no. 2 (August 19, 2016): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000717.
Full textAbstract:
In two cross-linguistic priming experiments with native German speakers of L2 English, we investigated the role of constituent order and level of embedding in cross-linguistic structural priming. In both experiments, significant priming effects emerged only if prime and target were similar with regard to constituent order and also situated on the same level of embedding. We discuss our results on the basis of two current theoretical accounts of cross-linguistic priming, and conclude that neither an account based on combinatorial nodes nor an account assuming that constituent order is directly responsible for the priming effect can fully explain our data pattern. We suggest an account that explains cross-linguistic priming through a hierarchical tree representation. This representation is computed during processing of the prime, and can influence the formulation of a target sentence only when the structural features specified in it are grammatically correct in the target sentence.
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Fiorentino, Robert, and Ella Fund-Reznicek. "Masked morphological priming of compound constituents." Mental Lexicon 4, no. 2 (November 11, 2009): 159–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.4.2.01fio.
Full textAbstract:
Recent masked priming studies suggest that complex words are rapidly segmented into potential morphological constituents during initial visual word recognition. Much of this evidence involves affixation or other formally regular operations, leaving open the question of whether these effects rely heavily on the identification of a closed-class affix or other formal regularity. In two masked priming experiments with English transparent and opaque bimorphemic compound primes consisting solely of open-class morphemes, we find significant constituent priming, but no significant priming for purely orthographic overlap. We conclude that masked morphological priming generalizes across word-formation types to include compounds with no affix or other regular form. These results provide new evidence for across-the-board morphological-level segmentation during visual word recognition and for morpheme-based compound processing.
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Gagné, Christina L., Thomas L. Spalding, Lauren Figueredo, and Allison C. Mullaly. "Does s now man prime plastic snow?" Mental Lexicon 4, no. 1 (April 24, 2009): 41–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.4.1.03gag.
Full textAbstract:
Three experiments were conducted to determine the extent to which relational and morphosyntactic information influence the processing of modifier-noun phrases. Processing of the target was faster when the shared constituent was in the same position in both the prime and the target, regardless of whether the relation was the same or different. In contrast, relation priming was contingent on the morphosyntactic role of the shared constituent; repeating the relation with the constituent in a different morphosyntactic role did not speed processing of the target (Experiments 1–3) whereas repeating the relation with the constituent in the same role did speed processing (Experiments 3). These results suggest that conceptual information is accessed in light of the constituent’s particular morphosyntactic role.
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Cieślicka, Anna. "Literal salience in on-line processing of idiomatic expressions by second language learners." Second Language Research 22, no. 2 (April 2006): 115–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267658306sr263oa.
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This article addresses the question of how second language (L2) learners understand idiomatic expressions in their second/foreign language and advances the proposition that literal meanings of idiom constituents enjoy processing priority over their figurative interpretations. This suggestion forms the core of the literal-salience resonant model of L2 idiom comprehension, whose major assumptions are outlined in the article. On the literal salience view, understanding L2 idioms entails an obligatory computation of the literal meanings of idiom constituent words, even if these idioms are embedded in a figurative context and if their idiomatic interpretation is well-known to L2 learners. The literal salience assumption was put to the test in a cross-modal lexical priming experiment with advanced Polish learners of English. The experiment showed more priming for visual targets related to literal meanings of idiom constituent words than for targets related figuratively to the metaphoric interpretation of the idiomatic phrase. This effect held true irrespective of whether the stimulus sentence contained a literal or a non-literal idiom.
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Duñabeitia, Jon Andoni, Itziar Laka, Manuel Perea, and Manuel Carreiras. "IsMilkmana superhero likeBatman? Constituent morphological priming in compound words." European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 21, no. 4 (June 2009): 615–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541440802079835.
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Grainger, Jonathan, and Arthur M. Jacobs. "Masked constituent letter priming in an alphabetic decision task." European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 3, no. 4 (October 1991): 413–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541449108406237.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Constituent priming"
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Ozer, Sibel. "Morphological Priming In Turkish Nominal Compound Processing." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612631/index.pdf.
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Compounding, constructing new words out of previously known words by means of
simple concatenation mostly, can be counted as one of the major word production
mechanisms in the majority of languages. Their importance in the history of human
languages warrants a detailed study with respect to the language faculty and related
cognitive aspects. In the last decade, compound production as well as comprehension
have become highly debated and investigated areas of research. Morphological
priming is one frequently employed paradigm for the investigation of compounding.
Whether morphologically complex words undergo a decomposition-composition
process, respectively, during comprehension and production or whether they are all
listed in full form in the lexicon is one key question hitherto addressed in several
studies related to English, German, Dutch and Chinese nominal compound words. The present study is concerned with compound production in Turkish. Various types
of Turkish compounds were investigated ((i) bare JCs (
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MARELLI, MARCO. "The mental representation of compound nouns: evidendence from neuro and psycholinguistic studies." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/28072.
Full textAbstract:
There is a general debate as to whether constituent representations are accessed in compound processing, and which compound properties (e.g., headedness, semantic transparency) would influence this parsing procedure. This thesis investigates the mental representation of compound nouns in a series of six studies exploiting the properties of the Italian language, in the fields of both psycholinguistics and cognitive neuropsychology.
First, effects related to the compound structure were investigated in the context of neglect dyslexia (Chapter 1). Second, converging evidence in favor of the headedness effect was sought in a constituent-priming experiment on normal participants (Chapter 2) and through the assessment of compound naming errors in patients suffering from aphasia (Chapter 3). Third, the access to grammatical properties of the constituents was studied in a single case study on deep dyslexia (Chapter 4). Fourth, the role of compound semantic transparency was investigated by assessing constituent frequency effects in both lexical decision latencies (Chapter 5) and fixation durations during compound-word reading (Chapter 6).
The results indicate that the variables related to the whole compound (i.e., compound headedness, whole-word frequency and semantic transparency) play a crucial role in word processing, but also that constituent representations are accessed. To explain the observed effects a model will be proposed, positing both a multiple-lemma representation of compound words and a parallel procedure dedicated to the conceptual combination of compound constituents.
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Vieira, Clariana Lara. "O constituinte-QU in situ no português brasileiro infantil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-12112018-111116/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho tem como tema a aquisição do constituinte-QU in situ por crianças adquirindo o Português Brasileiro (doravante PB). Tal construção é encontrada em outras línguas também e, de modo análogo ao PB, é aparentemente opcional no Espanhol e no Francês. Realizando um paralelo entre os estudos de outras línguas e o PB, analisamos a frequência da construção na fala infantil no PB, comparada à fala adulta, e, principalmente, os contextos que favorecem sua produção, em oposição à contraparte movida. Para tanto, utilizamos uma metodologia experimental que elicia perguntas em contextos sem e com Common Ground (informação previamente compartilhada) e com priming sintático (fenômeno em que a exposição a uma sentença facilita o processamento de uma outra sentença com estrutura igual ou similar), com o objetivo de verificar em quais contextos a produção de QU-in situ é facilitada. Além disso, observamos também a escolha da estratégia de pergunta diante da influência exercida pelo estatuto do elemento-QU (como adjunto ou argumento). Os resultados das análises quantitativas sugerem que, na fala infantil, há um favorecimento do QU-in situ em contextos de Common Ground. Também ficou clara a influência do priming sintático na fala de ambos os grupos, infantil e adulto. Podemos dizer, então, que a metodologia obteve sucesso na eliciação da construção estudada e evidenciou que as perguntas com QU-in situ e QU-movido, embora aparentemente opcionais, não são intercambiáveis, já que o primeiro tipo de pergunta ocorreria na fala infantil apenas em um contexto pragmático específico.This study explores the acquisition of Wh-questions in which the whconstituent remains in situ by children acquiring Brazilian Portuguese (henceforth BP). Such construction is found in other languages as well and, like in BP, it is optional in Spanish and in French. Drawing a parallel between the studies of other languages and BP, we analyze the frequency of the construction in child speech, compared to the adult speech, and, most importantly, the contexts that favor its production, in opposition to its moved counterpart. In order to do so, we used an experimental methodology that elicits questions in contexts with and without Common Ground (previously shared information) and contexts with syntactic Priming (phenomenon in which the exposure to an utterance facilitates the processing of another utterance with the same or similar structure), with the purpose of checking which contexts facilitate the production of Wh-in situ. Besides that, we also investigated the choice of question strategy in face of the influence imposed by the status of the wh-element (as adjunct or argument). Results of the quantitative analyses suggest that, in child speech,Wh-in situ is favored in contexts of Common Ground. It also has been clear that theres an influence of the syntactic Priming in both adult and child speech. Therefore, we point out that the methodology was successful in eliciting Wh-in situ questions and has made it clear that Wh-in situ and moved Wh, although apparently optional, are not interchangeable, since the first one is bound to a specific pragmatic context in child speech.
Book chapters on the topic "Constituent priming"
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Masuda, Hisashi, and Terry Joyce. "Chapter 11. Constituent-priming investigations of the morphological activation of Japanese compound words." In Writing Systems, Reading Processes, and Cross-Linguistic Influences, 221–44. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bpa.7.11mas.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Constituent priming"
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Maranca, Roberto, and Michele Staiano. "A Generalized Approach to Data Supply Chain Management – Balancing Data Value and Data Debt." In 2nd International Conference on Machine Learning &Trends (MLT 2021). AIRCC Publishing Corporation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.111105.
Full textAbstract:
The “data supply chains” (DSCs), which are connecting the point where physical information is digitized to the point where the data is consumed, are getting longer and more convoluted. Although plenty of frameworks have emerged in the recent past, none of them, in the authors’ opinion, have so far provided a robust set of formalised “how to”, that would connect a “well built” DSC to a higher likelihood to achieve the expected value. This paper aims at demonstrating: (i) a generalized model of the DSC in its constituent parts (source, target, process, controls), and (ii) a quantification methodology that would link the underlying current quality as well as the legacy “bad data” to the cost or effort of attaining the desired value. Such approach offers a practical and scalable model enabling to restructure at its foundation some practices of data management priming them for the digital challenges of the future.