Academic literature on the topic 'Constituent powers'
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Journal articles on the topic "Constituent powers"
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Nobles, Richard, and David Schiff. "Civil disobedience and constituent power." International Journal of Law in Context 11, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 462–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552315000300.
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AbstractThis paper uses the example of civil disobedience to explore Luhmann's description of the constitution as structural coupling between law and politics. Civil disobedience highlights the paradox of constituent and constituted power. The claims made for constituent power provide a basis for challenging the current configuration and expression of constituted power. This paradox is first avoided in the legal system through that system's inability to recognise a legal right to disobey law. In turn, a political system that has, under conditions of modernity, increasingly second coded power as legality, has an ever decreasing capacity to include communications that acknowledge a right to disobey law. Civil disobedience is only able to operate within the political system in the form of protest, and is accommodated through the exercise of discretionary powers. However, juridification of those powers has the capacity to threaten this accommodation.
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Niesen, Peter. "Two Cheers for Lost Sovereignty Referendums: Campaigns for Independence and the Pouvoir Constituant Mixte." German Law Journal 23, no. 1 (February 2022): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2022.7.
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AbstractIn this article, I bring together three recent ideas from political theory and constitutional law. The first is the notion developed by Jürgen Habermas and Markus Patberg of a pouvoir constituant mixte. Complex polities such as supra-state federations should be understood as constitutional entities that combine two or more authorizing subjects. The default “mixed” conception is that of dual sovereignty, split between the federations’ member collectives and member individuals. The second idea is that of Stephen Tierney, that sub-state national societies should be seen as involved in struggles over constituent power. The third is the idea and practice of sovereignty referendums, which I illustrate by looking at the 2017 Catalonia independence referendum. I contend that, at a minimum, sovereignty referendums, especially lost ones, should be understood as strategies to bring about, shift or complement constituent powers, in achieving compound or mixed sovereignty. Finally, I venture into some ideas about the criteria of legitimacy for such endeavors, in distinguishing the activation of constituent powers from their articulation and exercise.
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Atria, Fernando. "Constituent Moment, Constituted Powers in Chile." Law and Critique 31, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10978-020-09258-8.
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Berchenko, Hryhorii, and Serhii Fedchyshyn. "CONSTITUENT POWER: THE THEORY AN D PRACTICE OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE." Russian Law Journal 6, no. 4 (November 1, 2018): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17589/2309-8678-2018-6-4-37-61.
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The article researches the phenomenon of constituent power as a theoretical concept and the practice of its implementation in Ukraine. Constituent power is associated with the process of adopting a constitution and making amendments to it. A distinction is made between primary and institutional constituent powers. The constituent nature of the Constitution of Ukraine in the interpretation of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine is analyzed. The reasons why the Law “On an All-Ukrainian Referendum” was held invalid with regard to the constituent power of the people is considered. There is an inconsistency in the primary and institutional constituent powers’ interpretation of amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. The constitutional reform of 2004, the interference with this reform by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine in 2010 and its return by the parliament in 2014 are examined from the standpoint of the constituent power concept. It is concluded that a new constitutional reform, which would provide a clean slate, could be an acceptable solution in Ukraine. In the future, the text of the reformed Constitution should provide for clear mechanisms for amending the Constitution of Ukraine and the adoption of a new Constitution, which would necessarily include procedures for popular legitimacy.
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Pohoryelova, Z. O. "Parliamentarism, people’s sovereignty and the legislative authority: problems of relationships." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 65 (October 25, 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.65.5.
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The article examines the historical relationship of people’s sovereignty with parliamentarism, with the constituent power and legislative activity, which allows a better understanding of the essence, specifics and boundaries of both the constituent power and legislative activity, as well as its derivative legislative activity. The development of the idea of popular representation and its reflection in the doctrine of democracy can be traced. The phenomenon of parliamentarism in the modern world as a system of political organization of the state is studied, in which the parliament, due to the fact that it is the highest body of popular representation, as elected directly by all people and, therefore, designed to express the sovereign will of all authorities. The scope, limits, and procedure for exercising the sovereign power of the people, including the exercise of legislative and constituent power directly by the people, the peculiarities of adopting the constitution, amending it by a referendum or constituent assembly or parliament, the possibilities and features of the people’s exercise of legislative initiative, the power of parliament to exercise constituent and legislative power. The special role of the current Constitution and the procedures established by it in the exercise of the power delegated by the people by the parliament is emphasized. Some constitutional constituent powers of the parliament are analyzed (appointment of an all-Ukrainian referendum, appointment of the President of Ukraine, appointment of the Prime Minister of Ukraine and a number of ministers and other officials, resignation of the Prime Minister of Ukraine, members of the Cabinet of Ministers Ukraine and others), implementation by the parliament of budgetary, control, ceremonial powers. Particular attention is paid to one of the most important tasks of the parliament - to exercise legislative power, in accordance with the constitutional principle of separation of powers, enshrined in Article 6 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The direct connection and dependence of the legislative powers on the legislative power of the parliament is emphasized.
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Paine, Thomas. "ANSWER TO FOUR QUESTIONS ON THE LEGISLATIVE AND EXECUTIVE POWERS." E-Legis - Revista Eletrônica do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Câmara dos Deputados 13, no. 33 (August 24, 2020): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51206/e-legis.v13i33.619.
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Thomas Paine, answering, supposedly, to Condorcet, about institutional definitions proposed to French Constitution, after the Revolution. He deals with themes as division and balance of powers; constitutional control; Legislature institutional organization; hereditary monarchy; constituent power and legislative power; constitutional reform.
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Arato, Andrew. "Democratic constitution-making and unfreezing the Turkish process." Philosophy & Social Criticism 36, no. 3-4 (March 2010): 473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0191453709358543.
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This short article will seek to explore the causes, and possible solutions, of what seems to be the current freezing of the Turkish constitution-making process that has had some dramatic successes in the 1990s and early 2000s. I make the strong claim that democratic legitimacy or constituent authority should not be reduced either to any mode of power, even popular power, or to mere legality. It is these types of reduction that I find especially troubling in recent Turkish constitutional struggles, where the legal claims of two powers — the government-controlled legislative and the judicial branches — to structure the constitution are not backed by sufficient political legitimacy. In effect these two powers that claim their constituent authorization, rather implausibly in my view, from either the democratic electorate or from an original constituent power, because of their conflict threaten to freeze the constitution-making process that very much needs to be continued and concluded. I end the article by making a suggestion for one possible constitution-making procedure that would be both legitimate and legal.
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Fathally, Jabeur. "Des Pouvoirs Souverains des Assemblées Constituantes Post-Révolutions : Réflexion à Partir du Cas de L'assemblée Constituante Tunisienne (ANC)." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 27, no. 2 (May 2019): 246–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2019.0271.
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The experience of Tunisia's Constituent Assembly has raised important constitutional questions regarding the assembly's powers, and has provoked a dispute both political and doctrinal between two opposing constitutionalist discourses. One discourse would like to attribute to the Assembly an ‘original’ and absolute power, thereby exempting it from an obligation to respect a pre-Constitution road map and to ‘prepare’ the constitution within a one-year deadline; the other contests the Assembly's very legitimacy following the deadline's expiration, arguing that the real constituent power belongs to the people. In referring to multiple constitutional experiences, the present article will seek to the find a middle ground between these opposing views, and argue that the Assembly does not have a constituent power; rather, the Assembly has an inherent constituting competence that is limited by pre-constituent moral obligations, and especially by the peremptory norms of international law.
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Нанба, Сария, and Sariya Nanba. "Redistribution of Powers: Interrelation of Federal and Regional Regulation." Journal of Russian Law 4, no. 6 (May 30, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19763.
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The article investigates the conceptual foundations of local self-government in the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the current status of the legislation on local self-government. The author analyzes in retrospective the limits of participation of the Russian Federation’s constituent entities with regard to local government. A peculiar feature of local government is the expansion of the powers of public authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in regulating the issues of local self-government organization. The article analyzes the legal nature of the redistribution of powers, provides classification of the redistributed powers. The author studies the laws of the Russian Federation governing the redistribution of powers. The author reveals the tendency of the transfer to the regional level of powers, which traditionally deal with local matters. These include the powers to address issues of local importance in organizing funeral services and burial places, disposal and recycling of household and industrial waste, organizing of transport services, forest monitoring, land use planning, and others.
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Eckes, Christina. "Controlling the Most Dangerous Branchfrom Afar: Multilayered Counter-Terrorist Policies and the European Judiciary." European Journal of Risk Regulation 2, no. 4 (December 2011): 505–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00006589.
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Counter-terrorist sanctions against private individuals adopted by the EU and by the UN are an exceptionally illustrative example of the executive’s power grasp, where the dangers of counter-terrorist policies and of externalized rulemaking have mutually reinforced each other. This article (re-)considers the role of the judiciary in the face of extreme exercise of externalized executive powers, demonstrates that multilayered governance has extended the powers of courts, shows that the justified exercise of judicial power has led the EU institutions and the Member States into a self-inflicted catch-22, and makes an argument that the extended powers of the executive and of the judiciary should be contained and guided by a principled choice of the constituent power. Constitutional law should require the judiciary to take a substantive approach to multilayered governance that reflects the principle of separation of powers.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Constituent powers"
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Cissé, Balla. "Le juge, la doctrine et le contrôle juridictionnel des lois de révision de la Constitution." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD011.
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Cette présente recherche établit le statut controversé du pouvoir constituant dérivé, en examinant ses limites et son contrôle par le juge constitutionnel. Elle est composée de deux parties. La première porte sur les justifications du refus du contrôle des actes du pouvoir constituant dérivé par la doctrine et le juge. Ces justifications reposent sur l'influence de la conception rousseauiste de la souveraineté et du légicentrisme. Cela implique que le contrôle du pouvoir constituant dérivé par le juge conduirait alors à une remise en cause du principe démocratique. Ce point de vue sur le pouvoir constituant dérivé divise ainsi la doctrine sur le caractère impératif de l’État de droit et des droits fondamentaux. Ensuite, la seconde partie porte sur les principes constitutionnels concourant à la limitation du pouvoir constituant dérivé au nom de l’État de droit. Il s’agit de montrer que l’identité constitutionnelle pourrait servir de fondement au contrôle des actes du pouvoir constituant dérivé par le juge. Si certains juges constitutionnels étrangers admettent le contrôle du pouvoir constituant dérivé, le Conseil constitutionnel français le rejette. Ainsi, cette thèse contribue à établir une étude comparative et théorique sur le contrôle des actes du pouvoir de révision par le juge constitutionnelThis research establishes the controversial status of the derivative constituent power, examining its limits and its control by the constitutional judge. It is composed of two parts. The first one concerns itself with the justifications of the refusal of the control of the acts of the derivative constituent power by the doctrine and the judge. These justifications are based on the influence of the “Rousseauist” conception of sovereignty and legalism. It implies that the control of the derivative constituent power by the judge would then lead to a questioning of the democratic principle. This view point on the derivative power is a source of debate about the notion of the doctrine and its imperative nature of the rule of law and fundamental rights.As to the second part, it deals with the constitutional principles contributing to the limitation of the derivative constituent power, in the name of the rule of law. It consists in showing that constitutional identity could serve as a basis for the control by the judge of the acts of the derivative constituent power. If some foreign constitutional judges authorise the control of the derivative constituent power, the French Constitutional Council rejects it. Thus, this thesis contributes to establish a comparative and theoretical study of the control of the acts of the power of revision by the constitutional judge
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Mock, Mélody. "Le coup d'Etat moderne, formation ajuridique d'un nouvel ordre juridique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020090.
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Comment une prise de pouvoir par la force peut-elle donner naissance à un ordre juridique stable? Peu étudié par les juristes, le coup d’Etat moderne n’est pas seulement un procédé permettant l’accession au pouvoir, il est également l’un des modes d’enclenchement du pouvoir constituant originaire, moment de rupture et de reconstruction constitutionnelles. Cette notion se trouve être au croisement de la science politique, de la philosophie du droit, et de l’histoire. Permettant l’instauration d’une nouvelle constitution, le coup d’Etat moderne est une prise de pouvoir soudaine par un petit groupe d'hommes appartenant à l’appareil de l’Etat et utilisant la force. En se fondant sur différents évènements historiques majeurs, comme les coups de Bonaparte, Lénine, Pinochet, etc., il paraît nécessaire de définir ce concept, le distinguant de la révolution. Il est possible d’établir une classification des différents types de coups, selon leurs protagonistes et leur impact sur l’ordre juridique : coup d’Etat révolutionnaire, coup d’Etat classique, coup d’Etat moderne, putsch, et pronunciamiento. Il se dégage alors les techniques de préparation, de mise en oeuvre, et de maintien du coup qui touchent à la fois aux sphères politique et juridiqueHow can the violent overthrow of a government generate a stable legal order? Often overlooked by the legal community, a modern coup is not just a process of accession to power; it is also one of the ways of engaging the original constituent power, of constitutional rupture and of reconstruction. This concept is located at the intersection of political science, of the philosophy of law and of history. The modern coup, which permits the establishment of a new constitution, is the sudden, illegal replacement of a government by a small group of the existing state establishment by the use of force. Based on various historical events, such as the coups d’état of Bonaparte, Lenin, Pinochet, etc., we define this concept and distinguish it from a revolution. We establish a classification of different types of coups, according to their protagonists and their impact on the constitutional system: revolutionary coups, classical coups, modern coups, putsches, and pronunciamienti. We also define the techniques of preparation, implementation and preservation of the coup which affect both the political and legal spheres
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Filho, José Filomeno de Moraes. "Congresso Constituinte, constituição dirigente e estado de bem-estar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-06052010-165428/.
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A presente tese tem por objetivo a análise da decisão sobre a constituição econômica, no âmbito da realização da constituição dirigente e da instituição do Estado Democrático e Social de Direito no Brasil, por meio do processo constituinte levado a efeito nos anos de 1987 e 1988. Partindo da constatação de que a literatura jurídico-constitucional brasileira não dá a necessária atenção à problemática constituinte nem à articulação entre Estado, Constituição e Política e tendo em vista a constituição econômica presente no texto constitucional de 1988, o trabalho articula os temas do poder constituinte, da constituição dirigente-econômica e da reconstrução do Estado, utilizando-se do instrumental da teoria constitucional, da teoria do Estado e da história constitucional. Avalia-se, pois, que a manifestação do poder constituinte se inscreve como locus privilegiado para a observação da correspondência entre Estado, Constituição e Política, demonstrado pela observação das suas manifestações no Brasil, em diversos momentos, nomeadamente em 1987/1988. De fato, na esteira da convocação estabelecida pela Emenda Constitucional n. 26, de 27 de novembro de 1985, o Brasil viveu um dos mais importantes momentos de ativação política da sociedade civil organizada, que dava continuidade ao processo de mudança política, o qual, iniciando-se em meados da década de 70 e prolongando-se pelos anos 80, ocasionou a inflexão do regime militar, a construção de instituições representativas e multipartidárias e a realização de uma nova Constituição. Assim, se o ritmo cadenciado das mudanças e as negociações entre os agentes que pressionavam pela abertura política e os líderes do regime burocrático-autoritário sugeriram a existência de um tipo especial de transição, denominado transição pela transação, e apesar das limitações constantes do ato convocatório do Congresso Constituinte, o produto final do esforço constituinte ficou mais próximo das aspirações democráticas e progressistas. Constata-se que, nas duas últimas décadas, apesar das transformações que ocorreram no capitalismo, com a desconstrução do padrão regulatório keyenesiano, a expansão dos mercados, a relativização do Estado, enfim, a ameaça neoliberal, o caráter dirigente da Constituição brasileira, todavia, mantém-se intacto. Por tudo isso, decorridos vinte anos da promulgação da Constituição Federal, conformação normativa de uma ordem econômica, fundada na valorização do trabalho humano e na livre iniciativa, com o fim de assegurar a todos existência digna, conforme os ditames da justiça social (CF, art. 170, caput), representa um salto de qualidade no constitucionalismo nacional e está a desafiar a realização conjunta da democracia política, da sociedade de bem-estar e do desenvolvimento econômico.This thesis has as its objective an analysis of the decision on the \"economic constitution\", within the ambit of the directive constitution and the establishment of the Social and Democratic State of Law in Brazil, through the constituent process carried out during the years of 1987 and 1988. In view of the fact that legal and constitutional Brazilian literature does not give the necessary attention to the problem nor the linkage between constituent State, Constitution and Politics and in view of the \"economic constitution\" laid out in the constitutional text of 1988, this paper articulates the themes of constituent power, economic directive constitution and the reconstruction of the State, using the tools of constitutional theory, theory of the state and constitutional history. So, it has been assessed that the manifestation of the constituent power comes as privileged locus for the observation of the correlation between State, Constitution and Politics, demonstrated by observing its manifestations in Brazil, at different times, particularly in 1987/1988. In fact, in the wake of the call established by the 26th Constitutional Amendment, from November 27th 1985, Brazil experienced one of its most important moments of political awakening of organized civil society, which had been pushing for political change, from the mid-70s and into the 80s, that led to the fall of the military regime, the building of representative institutions and the founding of multiparty system and a new constitution. Thus, if the rhythmical pace of change and the negotiations between the players that struggled for political opening and the leaders of the political and bureaucratic-authoritarian regime suggested the existence of a special type of transition, called \"transition through the transaction\", and despite the limitations of the call for the Constituent Congress, the final product of the effort was closer to the constitutional democratic and progressive aspirations. It appears that in the past two decades, despite the changes that have occurred in capitalism, with the abandonment of Keynes regulatory standard, the expansion of markets, the relativization of the state, in other words, the neoliberal threat, the leading character of the Brazilian Constitution, however, remains intact. It can be concluded that after twenty years of the enactment of the Federal Constitution, conformation of a normative \"economic order, based on the enhancement of human labor and free enterprise\", in order to \"ensure a dignified livelihood for all, according to the dictates of social justice\" (Federal Constitution, art. 170, caput), it represents a great leap in national constitutionalism and challenges a joint realization of political democracy, social welfare and economic development.
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Lisowski, Telma Rocha. "O poder constituinte entre continuidade e ruptura: limites, tradição e transformação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-13022014-112657/.
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A fundação ou refundação de uma comunidade política nunca significa um começo ou uma transformação absoluta, pois toda mudança, ainda que se possa considerá-la revolucionária, traz consigo uma carga de continuidade. A partir dessa hipótese, o presente trabalho analisará o conceito de poder constituinte originário, procurando demonstrar alguns equívocos e insuficiências da sua teorização clássica. O principal problema a ser apontado é que a teoria do poder constituinte originário, entendida como teoria da ruptura, pode gerar uma indistinção entre poder e autoridade e, em última análise, entre poder e direito, favorecendo assim uma formulação radical da democracia. Apresenta-se, como alternativa, uma visão do poder constituinte que não o coloca como criador absoluto de toda ordem jurídica e política, mas como sendo em parte criatura de uma ordem pré-existente, o que implica a existência de limites à sua atuação. Esses limites derivam, de um lado, do pressuposto de que tratamos do poder constituinte de titularidade popular, o que significa que o próprio procedimento de elaboração constitucional deverá obedecer a alguns princípios democráticos; de outro lado, há uma série de limites decorrentes das instituições que se desenvolveram em determinado local e época, bem como do grau de organização e das concepções prévias do povo que pretende constituir-se em comunidade política. As ideias expostas ao longo do trabalho serão operacionalizadas através do estudo de um exemplo concreto, qual seja, o da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte brasileira de 1987/1988. Serão analisados alguns elementos que demonstram o elevado grau de continuidade institucional entre a ordem constitucional instaurada a partir desse marco e a ordem anterior, dando especial atenção à manutenção da forma de Estado, forma e sistema de governo. No polo oposto, estudar-se-ão os elementos que marcam a ruptura entre essas duas ordens, com destaque para a alteração essencial no regime político. Ao final do trabalho, espera-se apresentar uma concepção alternativa de poder constituinte originário em contraposição àquela de poder constituinte derivado, evitando caracterizá-lo como ilimitado e incondicionado, como pretende a teoria clássica.The foundation or refoundation of a political community doesnt signify an absolute beginning or transformation, for there is some load of continuity in every change, even when it is considered to be revolutionary. From that hypothesis, this work will analyze the concept of originary constituent power, by trying to show some oversights and insufficiencies of its classical theory. The major problem to be mentioned is that the theory of the constituent power, when understood as a theory of rupture, can lead to confusion between power and authority and between power and law, which favors a radical formulation of democracy. As an alternative, another point of view from the constituent power will be introduced, one that doesnt put it as an absolute creator of the juridical and political order, but as a creature of a pre-existent order, bringing therefore limits to its proceeding. On the one hand, these limits come from the assumption that we are dealing with the constituent power of popular titularity, which means that the making of the constitution itself will have to obey some democratic principles; on the other hand, there is a series of limits that derive from the institutions developed in a determined time and place, as from the organizational level and previous conceptions from the people that want to build a body politics. The ideas exposed in the firsts chapters will be exemplified through the study of a case, that of the Brazilian National Constituent Assembly of 1987/1988. At this point, the work will analyze some elements that demonstrate the great level of institutional continuity between the new and the old constitutional orders, with special attention to the maintenance of the federal form of state and the presidential system. On the other side, it will be studied which elements define de rupture between the two orders, discussing the essential alteration of the political regime. In the end, we expect to present an alternative notion of the originary constituent power in comparison with that of derived constituent power, avoiding its characterization as an unlimited and unconditional body, as the classical theory intends.
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Dallari, Paulo Massi. "O instituto do veto presidencial no constitucionalismo brasileiro contemporâneo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-03052016-103219/.
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Nos Estados republicanos modernos, o sistema de freios e contrapesos é um dos modelos institucionais responsável por assegurar o equilíbrio entre os Poderes e prevenir abusos por parte dos governantes. Dois questionamentos podem ser encontrados na literatura brasileira sobre o tema e fundamentam esta Dissertação: um geral sobre o suposto poder excessivo que o nosso sistema político confere ao Poder Executivo e outro, específico, de que nesse contexto, o veto teria um papel central na supremacia do presidente da república sobre o Congresso Nacional no âmbito do processo legislativo. Partindo dessas premissas, a pesquisa avalia se essas características estão condizentes com as expectativas e o desenho institucional proposto para o Estado brasileiro pela Assembleia Nacional Constituinte ANC de 1987. Com base nos anais da ANC e em referências históricas, conclui-se que, ao menos no tocante ao instituto do veto presidencial, o modelo de preponderância do Poder Executivo observado no processo legislativo decorreu de uma opção deliberada e reafirmada pela elite política em 1988, quando da promulgação da Constituição.In modern republican states, the system of checks and balances is one of the institutional models responsible for ensuring the balance between powers and preventing abuses by rulers. Two issues can be found in the Brazilian academic literature on the matter that underlie this Dissertation: one concerning the alleged excessive power that our political system grant to the executive branch, and another one more specific that, in this context, the veto would have a main role in the supremacy of the President of the Republic over Congress in the legislative process. Beginning with these assumptions, this research evaluates whether these characteristics are consistent with the expectations and the institutional design proposed for the Brazilian State by the National Constituent Assembly (ANC) of 1987. Based on the ANC records and historical references, it concluded that, at least in regard to the presidential veto institute, the preponderance of the executive branch model observed in the legislative process derived from a deliberate and reaffirmed choice made by the political elite in 1988, at the promulgation of the Constitution.
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Rosa, Gabriela Rodrigues da Guia. "Soberania popular: um clássico conceito contemporâneo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-25042018-101557/.
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Esta dissertação investiga o conceito rousseauniano de soberania popular e a sua influência no debate contemporâneo sobre a democracia. Para isso, destacamos alguns elementos do conceito n\'O Contrato Social: a vontade geral, o papel da participação, o problema da representação e a ameaça dos interesses particulares. Mostramos que ao fundar a autoridade original e a responsabilidade pelo exercício do poder político no povo, Rousseau estabelece novas bases para a legitimidade política nos Estados modernos. Esta legitimidade assentada em um sujeito coletivo e universal é incorporada pelas democracias desde o surgimento dos governos representativos, mas não sem mediações e críticas. Com efeito, o universalismo subjacente ao modelo clássico foi e continua sendo criticado principalmente por obliterar a realidade plural, heterogênea e desigual das sociedades contemporâneas. Além disso, a suposição de que o povo se unifica em algum momento concreto é questionada como uma ficção que limita o seu potencial democrático. Ao identificarmos dois momentos da soberania do povo, um relativo a origem e outro ao exercício do poder político, apontamos como a teoria democrática de viés deliberativo tem se debruçado sobre as práticas políticas que asseguram a legitimidade democrática das decisões. Cientes das demandas substantivas das democracias contemporâneas, concordamos com Daniel Lee (2016), que mostra historicamente como o fato de ser popular não faz da soberania democrática. Segundo Lee, a soberania popular retrata a unificação de um agente coletivo e homogêneo, necessária porque a autoridade do Estado deriva do povo e porque a sua mera existência enquanto um ator coletivo (uma pessoa moral) depende da unidade anterior do povo. Por fim, analisamos a soberania do povo como forma de poder constituinte, convencidas de uma há tensão intrínseca entre a soberania, representação da autonomia do mundo político, e o soberano, poder constituinte que toma decisões sobre a natureza da política.This dissertation investigates the rousseaunian concept of popular sovereignty and its influence on contemporary debates about democracy. For that, we highlight aspects of this concept from the Social Contract: general will, the role of participation, the problem of representation and the threat of private interests. We show that by placing the original authority and the responsibility for exercising political power on the people, Rousseau establishes new bases for modern States political legitimacy. This new legitimacy is placed on an universal and collective subject and marks democracies since the consolidation of represnetative governments, but not withut criticism. Surely, the universalism underlying the classic model was and still is criticized as it obliterates the plural, heterogenous and unequal reality of contemporary societies. Also, the supposition that the people unifies at any concrete moment is questioned as a fiction limiting its democratic potential. By identifying two moments of popular sovereignty, one related to the origin and the other to the exercise of political power, we argue that deliberative democratic theory looks more towards the political practices that assure the democratic legitimacy of decisions. Aware of the contemporary democracies substantive demands, we agree with Daniel Lee (2016) who historically shows that being popular doesnt make sovereignty democratic. According to Lee, popular sovereignty reflects th unification of a homogenous and collective agent, necessary as the authority of the State derives from the people and its simple existence as a collective actor (a moral person) depends on the peoples previous unification. Finally, we annalyse popular sovereignty as a form of constituent power, convinced of an intrinsic tension between sovereignty, as a representation of the political worlds autonomy, and the sovereign, the constituent power deciding about the nature of politics.
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Blouët, Alexis. "Le pouvoir pré-constituant : contribution à l'étude de l'exercice du pouvoir constituant originaire à partir du cas de l'Egypte après la Révolution du 25 janvier (février 2011-juillet 2013)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D039.
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La théorie du droit constitutionnel tend, en raison de la prégnance de certains présupposés épistémologiques, à négliger l’étude de l’exercice du pouvoir constituant originaire, c’est à dire le processus d’élaboration d’une nouvelle constitution. Cette thèse entend participer à combler cette lacune à travers le recours à un concept de «pouvoir pré-constituant», qui renvoie à la compétence de définir les règles d’élaboration d’un nouveau texte constitutionnel. Nous postulons que ces règles ont pour fonction d’instituer une procédure constituante et ainsi de justifier et contraindre le phénomène constituant. Nous avançons aussi qu’elles ont pour caractéristique d’irrémédiablement disparaître du système juridique dès l’adoption de la constitution dès lors que l’acte constituant n’est pas justifié par sa conformité aux énoncés qui ont encadré sa production mais par la seule volonté du souverain. La première partie montre comment l’adoption des règles d’élaboration de la nouvelle constitution est tributaire de l’ensemble du système juridique existant lors de la période transitoire. Dans la seconde partie, le recours au concept de pouvoir pré-constituant permet d’envisager l’exercice du pouvoir constituant originaire en tant qu’objet normatif auquel est articulé un ensemble de règles doté d’une autonomie relative vis-à-vis des règles non pré-constituantes. Dans la troisième partie nous montrons comment les acteurs de la procédure constituante peuvent, en raison du caractère provisoire du pouvoir préconstituant, être contraints de précipiter son déroulé afin d’empêcher la contestation de sa légalité. Cette thèse repose sur une étude approfondie à partir de l’analyse de sources primaires du processus constituant égyptien entre la chute du président Hosni Moubarak en février 2011 et celle du président Morsi en juillet 2013. Elle apporte également un éclairage nouveau à la trajectoire du pays après la Révolution du 25 janvier 2011, puisque la question constituante a représenté l’un des enjeux politiques majeurs de la période postrévolutionnaireDue to certain epistemological assumptions, constitutional law theory tends to neglect the study of the exercise of original constituent power, namely, the process of new constitution-making. This PhD intends to address the gap in investigation by proposing the concept of “pre-constituent power”, which entails the competence to define rules for drafting a new constitution. We argue that these rules serve to institute a constituent procedure and thus justify and constrain the constituent phenomenon. We also maintain that these rules inevitably vanish from the legal system as soon as the constitution is adopted, as a constitution’s adoption does not derive its legal legitimacy from the rules that framed its production, but rather from the sole will of the sovereign. The first part of this work demonstrates how the establishment of rules for new constitution drafting is reliant on the rest of the legal system in existence during the transitional period. In the second part, employing the concept of pre-constituent power enables us to consider the constitution-making process as an object of normativity, governed by a set of rules characterized by relative autonomy vis-à-vis non-pre-constituent rules. In the third part, we illustrate how actors in the constituent procedure can be compelled to precipitate the process. This occurs as the actors attempt to prevent contestations regarding the legality of the process, given the provisional character of the pre-constituent power. This PhD is rooted in an in-depth case study, based on the analysis of primary sources detailing the Egyptian constitution-making process that took place between the fall of President Hosni Mubarak in February 2011 and that of President Morsi in July 2013. It also sheds new light on the country's trajectory after the January 25, 2011 Revolution, given that the constitutional issue represented one of the major political concerns in the post-revolutionary period
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LIMA, MÁRCIO PENIDO SOUZA. "THE CONSTITUENT POWER IN MACHIAVELLI." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18808@1.
Full textAbstract:
O poder constituinte é conceito de grande importância para a teoria política e
para a do direito. Geralmente se atribui a Sieyès o mérito de ter sido o primeiro a
conceituar poder constituinte. O presente trabalho pretende argumentar que, na
verdade, Maquiavel já havia falado sobre o poder constituinte em sua obra, apesar
de não chamar o fenômeno com esse nome. Para tanto, se irá demonstrar o
funcionamento dos conceitos de virtù e fortuna na obra de Maquiavel e examinar
as instituições necessárias para a conservação daquela. Após, se abordará o
conceito de poder constituinte, o qual não pode ser aprisionado simplesmente nas
malhas do direito. Estabelecidas as características do poder constituinte, se
demonstrará a presença de seus elementos em Maquiavel.The constituent power is a concept of great importance for the political and the law theories. The merit of having been the first to conceptualize constitutional power is usually attributed to Sieyès. The present work argues that, in fact, Machiavelli had already dealt about the constitutional power in his work, although he didn’t give the phenomenon the addressed name. For so, we will demonstrate the concepts of virtù and fortune in the context of Machiavelli’s work and examine the required institutions for its conservation. Finally, the concept of constituent power will be covered, which cannot be simply trapped in the meshes of the law. Once the characteristics of the constituent power are stablished, the presence of its elements in Machiavelli will be demonstrated.
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Campos, Juliana Cristine Diniz. "Nomogênese e poder constituinte: fundamentação racional e legitimação democrática da norma constitucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2134/tde-23112016-083053/.
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O poder constituinte, tal como entendido pela teoria constitucionalista clássica, é definido como poder bruto, original, ilimitado e incondicionado, a partir do qual nasce o Estado e, por consequência, a ordem jurídica. Esse poder, definido como supraestatal, não encontra limites no direito e, nas concepções democráticas, é titularizado pelo povo soberano. Essa concepção teórica passa por uma releitura no trabalho, a fim de se definir o poder constituinte como poder comunicativo criador da norma constitucional, de aparição episódica, por meio do qual é possível filtrar os argumentos morais, ético-políticos e estratégicos expostos pelos cidadãos na esfera pública democrática, representativos de um modo de vida compartilhado que se impõe politicamente. De acordo com a releitura apresentada, os postulados da ilimitação material e da incondicionalidade do poder constituinte não se sustentam em face do paradigma da racionalidade comunicativa e dialogal. Na qualidade de momento de fundação e fundamentação da ordem constitucional, o poder constituinte precisa respeitar direitos pressupostos, garantidores da autonomia individual, e institucionalizar os procedimentos discursivos que viabilizam a reprodução do direito legítimo. Entendido como processo extraordinário, no qual os interesses e os valores permanecem latentes na sociedade, o exercício do poder constituinte representa um momento único para análise do discurso de fundamentação normativa, objeto central da tese. Associando-se fundamentação normativa com legitimidade política, nos termos da teoria democrática exposta por Jürgen Habermas, conclui-se que o cerne da legitimidade das ordens estatais organizadas democraticamente é a institucionalização de uma ordem jurídica fundamentada discursivamente por intermédio de um procedimento de deliberação pública, no qual todos os potenciais atingidos pela norma possam exprimir o seu assentimento. O poder constituinte, ao estruturar o estado, garante que o processo de formação da vontade e da opinião pública se estabilize e o consenso seja alcançado.Constituent power, based on classical constitutional theory, is defined as raw, original, limitless and unconditional power, from which the state and, consequently, legal order are born. Such power, defined as supranational, knows no boundaries in the law and according to democratic notions it is held by the sovereign people. This thesis reexamines that theoretical conception in order to define constituent power as a communicative power which creates constitutional norm; it appears occasionally and it allows for a selection of moral, ethical-political and strategic arguments introduced by citizens in the public democratic sphere which represent a shared way of life that imposes itself politically. According to this reexamination, postulates of constituent powers material illimitation and unconditionality cannot resist to the paradigm of communicative and dialogical rationality. As the founding moment and grounds of constitutional order, constituent power must respect presupposed rights which guarantee individual autonomy and institutionalize discursive procedures which enable the reproduction of legitimate law. Understood as an extraordinary process in which interests and values remain latent in society, exercise of constituent power represents a unique moment to analyze the normative grounds discourse, the core issue of this thesis. Combining normative grounds and political legitimacy, in the terms of the democratic theory introduced by Jürgen Habermas, the conclusion is that the essence of legitimacy of democratically-organized state orders is the institutionalization of a legal order based discursively through a process of public deliberation, where all individuals potentially affected by the norm may express their consent. By structuring the state, constituting power ensures that the public will and opinion formation process will become stable and consensus will be reached.
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Souza, Maria Gabriela Borges Puente de. "Entre decisão e juízo : poder constituinte e controle de constitucionalidade em Hannah Arendt." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/175050.
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo refletir sobre o poder constituinte e o controle de constitucionalidade nas democracias liberais representativas, sob fundamento na teoria política de Hannah Arendt. Para tanto, o problema delineia-se sobre a concepção da autora acerca dos legitimados ao poder constituinte e ao controle de constitucionalidade, não titularizados por somente um ator político, mas pelo povo e pelo Poder Judiciário, respectivamente. Ou melhor, o problema objeto desta pesquisa é apurar se há uma contradição na teoria constitucional arendtiana em atribuir o poder constituinte ao povo, através da fundação constitucional, e entregar o controle de constitucionalidade ao Judiciário, enquanto instituição não eleita. Seu deslinde é realizado a partir do desenvolvimento de quatro hipóteses. A primeira diz com a adesão de Arendt à teoria constitucional norte-americana, na qual o poder é atribuído ao povo e a autoridade à Constituição, cuja garantia de guarda é da Corte Constitucional, como forma de controle da tirania a partir da distinção das fontes legitimadoras do poder e do Direito. A segunda tem por cenário o posicionamento da autora sobre a Revolução Francesa e a subsequente formação de governos tirânicos, a partir da ideia de concentração do poder e da autoridade no povo, como vontade una e soberana da nação. A terceira hipótese abrange a tirânica concentração do poder no soberano, tendo a vontade do líder como fundamento da ordem constitucional e a quarta perpassa a análise da inquietude arendtiana acerca do fenômeno da apolitização nas democracias representativas, a impactar as escolhas reproduzidas através do voto. Tendo por referência tais hipóteses, desenvolveu-se a pesquisa com fundamento em paradigmas fundamentais arendtianos, quais sejam, política, autoridade, revolução e fundação, bem como em suas reflexões sobre o constitucionalismo setecentista norte-americano e francês. Finalmente, após o estudo do controle de constitucionalidade propriamente dito, na estrutura de poder arendtiana, deduziu-se, embora com ressalvas, não haver contradição na opção de imputá-lo a um tribunal constitucional, em garantia não somente da separação de poderes, mas do acesso à atuação política pelas minorias, como controle da tirania da maioria e viabilização da ideia arendtiana de política.This work presents reflections on constituent power and constitutional control in representative liberal democracies, based on Hannah Arendt’s political theory. The problem is based on the author's conception of those who are legitimated for constituent power and the constitutional control, not securitized by one political actor, but by the people and by the Judiciary, respectively. Or rather, the problem of this research is to determine if there is a contradiction in Arendt's constitutional theory in assigning the constituent power to the people through the constitutional foundation, and to give constitutional control to the Judiciary, which is not an elected institution. The problem is demarcated from the development of four hypotheses. The first says Arendt's adheres to the American constitutional theory, in which power is assigned to the people and authority to the Constitution, whose guarantee of custody is of the Constitutional Court, as a form of control of tyranny from the distinction of the sources that legitimize power and Law. The second is the author's position on the French Revolution and the subsequent formation of tyrannical governments, based on the idea of concentration of power and authority in the people, as the sovereign will of the nation. The third hypothesis covers the tyrannical concentration of power in the sovereign, with the will of the leader as the basis for constitutional order. The fourth analyzes Arendt’s restlessness regarding the phenomenon of a-politicization in representative democracies, impacting the choices made through voting. With these hypotheses as references, the study was based on some of Arendt’s fundamental paradigms, namely, politics, authority, revolution and foundation, as well as in her reflections on American and French eighteenth-century constitutionalism. Finally, regarding the study of constitutional control itself, inside Arendt’s structure of power, the study found, although with reservations, that there is no contradiction in imputing it to a constitutional court, guaranteeing not only the separation of powers, but access to political action by minorities, as an instrument of control of the tyranny of the majority, proving the viability of Arendt’s idea of politics.
Books on the topic "Constituent powers"
1
Oliveira, Marques. A força do direito e os limites da lei. Belém, Pará: Edições CEJUP, 1987.
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Beli︠a︡ev, V. P. Kontrolʹnai︠a︡ forma i︠u︡ridicheskoĭ dei︠a︡telʹnosti: Obshcheteoreticheskiĭ aspekt. Sankt-Peterburg: Izd-vo R. Aslanova "I︠U︡ridicheskiĭ t︠s︡entr Press", 2006.
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Eitel Santiago de Brito Pereira. Função constituinte da jurisdição constitucional. João Pessoa: Ideia, 2014.
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Anyanwu, C. U. Jurisprudence of sovereignty: Commonwealth states, political instability and crises of constitutionalism : a comparative study of history of the constitutional problems of---Cyprus, Malaysia, Pakistan, Uganda, Ghana, Nigeria. Ogba, Lagos: Africom Limited, 2006.
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Cheney, Timothy D. Who makes the law: The Supreme Court, Congress, the states, and society. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998.
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Spång, Mikael. Constituent Power and Constitutional Order. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137383006.
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Requejo, Juan Luis. Las normas preconstitucionales y el mito del poder constituyente. Madrid: Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 1998.
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Quintero, César. Critica a la teoría tradicional del poder constituyente. Panamá: Editorial Portobelo, 1998.
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Arzate, Enrique Uribe. Génesis y prospectiva del poder constituyente en México. México: Cámara de Diputados, LX Legislatura, 2009.
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Raúl, Piña Libien Hiram, and Morales Reynoso, María de Lourdes., eds. Génesis y prospectiva del poder constituyente en México. México: Cámara de Diputados, LX Legislatura, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Constituent powers"
1
Lang, Anthony F. "Global Constituent Power." In Protecting Human Rights in the 21st Century, 18–33. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315436692-1.
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Malagodi, Mara. "Limiting constituent power?" In The Law and Politics of Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendments in Asia, 133–50. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003097099-10.
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Spång, Mikael. "Dialectics of Constituent Power." In Constituent Power and Constitutional Order, 162–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137383006_7.
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Nootens, Geneviève. "A Post-Constituent Order?" In Constituent Power Beyond the State, 121–39. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003221722-5.
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Spång, Mikael. "Constituent Power, Sovereignty and Government." In Constituent Power and Constitutional Order, 106–36. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137383006_5.
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Spång, Mikael. "Constituent Power and Public Opinion." In Constituent Power and Constitutional Order, 137–61. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137383006_6.
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Nootens, Geneviève. "The Concept of Constituent Power." In Constituent Power Beyond the State, 23–44. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003221722-1.
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Thornhill, Chris. "Constituent power and european constitutionalism." In Routledge Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Change, 277–93. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020. |Includes bibliographical references and index.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351020985-17.
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Hellinger, Daniel C. "Institutions, Constitutions, and Constituent Power." In Comparative Politics of Latin America, 425–58. Third edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003021865-18.
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Bofill, Hèctor López. "Constituent power without “We the People”." In Law, Violence and Constituent Power, 134–69. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. |: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003054801-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Constituent powers"
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Du, Wenchao, Xiaorui Ren, Yexiao Chen, Chao Ma, Miladin Radovic, and Zhijian Pei. "Model Guided Mixing of Ceramic Powders With Graded Particle Sizes in Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6651.
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Binder jetting additive manufacturing is a promising technology for fabricating ceramic parts with complex or customized geometries. However, this process is limited by the relatively low density of the fabricated parts even after sintering. This paper reports a study on effects of mixing powders with graded particle sizes on the powder bed packing density and consequently the sintered density. For the first time, a linear packing model, which can predict the packing density of mixed powders, has been used to guide the selection of particle sizes and fractions of constituent powders. A selection process was constructed to obtain the maximum mixed packing density. In the part of model validation, three types of alumina powders with average sizes of 2 μm, 10 μm, and 70 μm, respectively, were mixed in optimum volumetric fractions that could lead to the maximum packing density based on model predictions. Powder bed packing density was measured on binary mixtures, ternary mixture, and each constituent powders. Furthermore, disk-shaped samples were made, using binder jetting additive manufacturing, from each constituent and mixed powder. Results show that binary and ternary mixtures have higher powder bed packing densities and sintered densities than the corresponding constituent powders. The disks made from the ternary mixture achieved the highest sintered density of 65.5%.
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Dogan, Vedat. "Nonlinear Random Vibration of Functionally Graded Plates." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38251.
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The nonlinear random vibration of functionally graded plates under random excitation is presented. Material properties are assumed to be independent of temperature. The plates are assumed to have isotropic, two-constituent material distribution through the thickness. The modulus of elasticity, thermal expansion coefficient and density vary according to a power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The Classical Plate Theory (CPT) is employed for analytical formulations. Geometric nonlinearity due to in-plane stretching and von Karman type is considered. A Monte Carlo simulation of stationary random processes, multi-mode Galerkin-like approach, and numerical integration procedures are used to develop linear and nonlinear response solutions of clamped functionally graded plates. Uniform temperature distributions through the plate are assumed. Numerical results include time domain response histories, root mean square (RMS) values and response spectral densities. Effects of material composition and temperature rise are also investigated.
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"Effect of Different Mineral Powders on Properties of Fresh and Hardened Self-Consolidating Concrete." In SP-233: Workability of SCC: Roles of Its Constituents and Measurement Techniques. American Concrete Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/15834.
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Akhtar, Kamran. "Radio-Frequency Sustainment of Laser Initiated, High-Pressure Air Constituent Plasmas." In RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: 15th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1638068.
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Abdi, Frank, and Dan Thompson. "2D/3D Oxide/Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composites Life Prediction Methods: Virtual Characterization of Mechanical Properties, and Virtual Testing of Structural Component." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-28332.
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Progressive failure analysis (PFA) method was employed to investigate the material and sub-element performances made of Alumina/Alumina (N720/A) ceramic matrix composites (CMC). A numerical material characterization was performed to derive the composite constituent properties based on the tested in-plane tensile and compressive properties of the 2D CMC. The derived constituent properties were then applied to the simulations of the 2D composite other properties including in-plane shear, inter-laminar shear and tension, in-plane bending and biaxial tension. The 3D composite in-plane and inter-laminar tensile behaviors were also predicted using the constituent properties. Finally, the simulation procedure was applied to the life prediction of a sub-element fabricated from the 2D N720/A CMC. The simulation results agreed well with the Siemens test data, which indicates the constituent properties can account for their realistic behaviors in the N720/A CMC. In addition, simulations also provided detailed information of stress fields, damage development and failure mechanisms involved in each specimen.
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Naus, D. J., and H. L. Graves. "A Review of the Effects of Elevated Temperature on Concrete Materials and Structures." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89631.
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Concrete’s properties are more complex than those of most materials because not only is concrete a composite material whose constituents have different properties, but its properties depend upon moisture and porosity. Exposure of concrete to elevated temperature affects its mechanical and physical properties. Elements could distort and displace, and, under certain conditions, the concrete surfaces could spall due to the buildup of steam pressure. Because thermally-induced dimensional changes, loss of structural integrity, and release of moisture and gases resulting from the migration of free water could adversely affect plant operations and safety, a complete understanding of the behavior of concrete under long-term elevated-temperature exposure as well as both during and after a thermal excursion resulting from a postulated design-basis accident condition is essential for reliable design evaluations and assessments of nuclear power plant structures. As the properties of concrete change with respect to time and the environment to which it is exposed, an assessment of the effects of concrete aging is also important in performing safety evaluations. The effects of elevated temperature on Portland cement concretes and constituent materials are summarized, design codes and standards identified, and considerations for elevated temperature service noted.
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Ahmad, Jalees, and Unnikrishnan Santhosh. "Life Prediction of Metal Matrix Composites: A Comparison of Different Matrix Constitutive Relations." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0366.
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Abstract Global deformation response of metal matrix composites (MMCs) to applied mechanical and thermally induced stresses depends upon (a) the mechanical and thermal properties of the constituent materials, (b) residual stresses in the constituents induced by the composite consolidation process, and (c) the nature and extent of micromechanical damage which may occur and accumulate over time. In the present work, a mechanistic model for predicting time dependent global deformation response of unidirectional metal matrix composite subjected to fiber direction stresses is used in conjunction with several viscoplastic models for the matrix, viz. power law, Bodner-Partom and GVIPS, and compared with laboratory test data. The model incorporates the effect of the micromechanical residual stresses in the fibers and the matrix induced by the composite fabrication process. The model also incorporates the effect of discrete existing and/or progressively occurring fiber damage on global MMC deformation response. The criterion for fiber fractures is based on statistical information on fiber strength. Comparisons of the results from this model with results from detailed finite element analyses and with laboratory test data shows that the simple model provides reasonably accurate predictions.
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Darabi, Mehdi, and Rajamohan Ganesan. "Exact 3-D Stress and Stiffness Analysis of Functionally Graded Sandwich Plates Using Sampling Surfaces Method." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38400.
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In the present work, the three-dimensional analysis for the deflection and stress distributions of functionally graded ceramic–metal sandwich plates is developed based on the method of sampling surfaces (SaS). In accordance with this method, into each layer of the plate, reference surfaces that are not equally spaced and are parallel to the mid-surface of the plate are introduced, and the displacement vectors of these surfaces are chosen as unknown functions. Such a choice allows the representation of the governing equations of the proposed higher order layer-wise plate theory in a very compact form and also permits the derivation of strain–displacement relationships correctly describing all motions including the rigid-body motions of the functionally graded plate. Hence the 3D elasticity problem of the thick plate is efficiently solved. The material properties of sandwich plate’s face layer are assumed to be that of a two-constituent material that vary continuously through the thickness of the face sheet according to a power law distribution of the volume fraction of the constituents. The core layer is homogeneous and made of an isotropic ceramic material. The effects of the volume fraction of the material constituents and their distribution on the deflections and, in particular, the 3-D stress distributions as well as the effects of the length-to-width and length-to-thickness ratios of the plate are investigated. Comparison of the results of the present work with the results available in existing literature is carried out for a benchmark problem. It is shown that considering large number of SaS, which are located at interfaces and Chebyshev polynomial nodes, the accuracy of the solutions can be improved significantly wherein the error will approach zero value as the total number of surfaces in each layer become very large.
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Luo, Siqi, John Scharer, C. Mark Denning, and Magesh Thiyagarajan. "Optimization and Diagnostics of Fast Pulsed High Pressure Air Constituents Plasmas." In 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4345928.
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Burnes, Dan, Priyank Saxena, and Paul Dunn. "Study of Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation on a Gas Turbine for Carbon Capture." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-16080.
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Abstract The growing call of minimizing carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitting from energy and transportation products will spur innovation to meet new stringent requirements while striving to preserve significant investments in the current infrastructure. This paper presents quantitative analysis of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on industrial gas turbines to enable carbon sequestration venturing towards emission free operation. This study will show the effect of using EGR on gas turbine performance and operation, combustion characteristics, and demonstrate potential hybrid solutions with detailed constituent accounting. Both single shaft and two shaft gas turbines for power generation and mechanically driven equipment are considered for application of this technology. One key element is assessing the combustion system operating at reduced O2 levels within the industrial gas turbine. With the gas turbine behavior operating with EGR defined at a reasonable operating state, a parametric study shows rates of CO2 sequestration along with quantifying supplemental O2 required at the inlet, if needed, to sustain combustion. With rates of capture known, a further exploration is examined reviewing potential utilities, monetizing these sequestered constituents. Ultimately, the objective is to preview a potential future of operating industrial gas turbines in a non-emissive and in some cases carbon negative manner while still using hydrocarbon fuel.
Reports on the topic "Constituent powers"
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McCormick, N. G., T. D. Peltonen, and A. M. Kaplan. Biotransformation of Waste Water Constituents from Ball Powder Production. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada164148.
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СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО РЕЖИМА РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В ОБЛАСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ. DOI CODE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/0106-5647-2019-26026.
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In the article shows the importance of the global nuclear safety regime, reveals the role of legal instruments (international nuclear conventions and safety standards) as its constituent elements, highlights and discusses the key stages of development and improvement of international legal regulation of nuclear safety, reflects the latest changes and trends in the field. It is noted that the lack of independence and transparency of the regulatory authority, non-compliance of the requirements of laws, regulations and technical standards with international standards leads to tragic consequences. An example of the consequences of non-compliance with nuclear safety principles, in particular, is the accident at the Japanese nuclear power plant. Therefore, it is important to create not only a system of safety standards, but also the conditions necessary to ensure its application by all participants of activity in the field of atomic energy usage.