Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conserving the historic environment

Academic literature on the topic 'Conserving the historic environment'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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Baker, Alan R. H. "Conserving the Historic Environment in the UK: The Cambridge Case." Japanese Journal of Human Geography 62, no. 1 (2010): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4200/jjhg.62.1_51.

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Bryk, Nancy E. V. "Conserving Authenticity: Artifact Treatment Choices in Creating the Authentic Environment." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 16, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550190620903245.

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Historic house curators have great responsibility and discretion to create what is perceived as an authentic interior. The curator creates the authentic environment based on a variety of factors including research, messaging, and the creation of a visitor experience. However, there are also choices to be made in conserving artifacts as their appearance affects perceptions of authenticity. This article discusses some case studies in which museum staff wrestled with conservation of original objects, trying to find the right balance between constructing the authentic image, maintaining the integrity of the artifact, supporting the message and meaning of the site, and providing a compelling visitor experience.
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Syed Othman Thani, Sharifah Khalizah, Nur Kamilah Ibrahim, Nik Hanita Nik Mohamad, and NurIzzati Mohd Rodzi. "Conserving the English Landscape of Taiping Lake Garden: Gaining public awareness." Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies 3, no. 10 (March 13, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i10.77.

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Taiping Lake Garden (TLG) is one of the remaining British legacies located in Taiping, Perak. TLG is facing the transformation of English landscape environment, and diminishing the public appreciation on its historical value. This study aims to investigate the transformation of TLG’s historical value in the current environment, and to propose suggestions in promoting public awareness towards conserving the historical value in historic garden. This study has assessed the public awareness through a combination of survey and case study. The outcome of this study could offer the landscape architecture industry to moving towards conservation of historic garden in Malaysia.Keywords: English landscape; Taiping Lake Garden; public awareness; historical park conservationeISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Yang, Ruyu. "Chinese Ecological Discourse Construction in CBD COP15." BCP Education & Psychology 4 (May 31, 2022): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpep.v4i.783.

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In this century, under the guidance of the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment, China has made the rich practical experience and great historic achievements in the construction of ecological civilization, but the deployment of China's ecological communication system is relatively late, and the international ecological discourse system is also imperfect. This paper combs the discipline context and development status of ecological communication. Taking the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity held in Kunming, China, in 2021 as an example, four mainstream Chinese media are selected for analysis, aiming at exploring the inherent law of the ecological communication and excavating the international discourse system of ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics.
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Murphy, M., S. Pavia, J. Cahill, S. Lenihan, and A. Corns. "AN INITIAL DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR VIRTUAL HISTORIC DUBLIN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 5, 2019): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-901-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> As a single coherent model, the proposed Virtual Historic Dublin City will improve the current approaches for planning, conserving, presenting and interpreting cultural heritage buildings and their environments. The combination of digital recording, modelling and data management systems enable the interaction with complex, interlinked three-dimensional structures containing rich and diverse underlying data. End users can encompass architectural and engineering conservation, education and research, in addition to public engagement and cultural tourism. In this paper a digital design framework is presented, based on state of the art current approaches for recording, modelling and presenting Virtual Historic Dublin. The modelling sites and structures is based on remotely sensed survey data which is processed and modelled in Historic BIM or GIS allowing the addition of semantic attributes. Archiving and storage of both models and knowledge and information attributes requires open systems and server data base capable of handling vector and point cloud information in addition to other digital data. The dissemination and interaction with the models and attached knowledge attributions is based on combining game engine platforms, Historic BIM, Historic GIS and access to compatible storage and data base.</p>
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Fish, Robert, Susanne Seymour, and Charles Watkins. "Conserving English Landscapes: Land Managers and Agri-Environmental Policy." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 35, no. 1 (January 2003): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3531.

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There is increasing public policy interest in the management of rural landscapes for conservation, both in terms of natural and cultural heritage. Agri-environmental policies are an important part of an emerging vision for a sustainable countryside, with increasing support for the existing Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) and Countryside Stewardship (CS) schemes. This paper provides insight into the nature of land-manager attitudes towards the conservation of rural landscapes and how these relate to differing modes and levels of engagement with these two schemes. It is based on the results of a recently completed project exploring the attitudes and practices of 100 land managers towards features of landscape and historic interest. Agri-environmental research has often sought to ‘typologise’ attitudes and practices around discrete land-manager types; an approach that may downgrade commonalities between land managers, the potential interplay of elements defining these types, and the possibility that land-manager identities may not be uniform. In this paper, in contrast, we emphasise the significance of these three analytical issues surrounding land-manager attitudes and practices. We explore land managers' interest and investment in conservation and go on to explain how these concerns were often closely related to the wildlife, historic and aesthetic goals of the schemes. The analysis then considers in detail how a concern for conservation often came to interplay with economic concerns to produce different attitudes and practices. We term these ‘styles of participation and nonparticipation’ to emphasise that such modes of uptake are not necessarily associated with specific land-manager types. Land managers developed these attitudes and practices with respect to different parts of their farms, types of landscape feature, and scheme in question. We conclude by emphasising the importance of contextualised analyses of land-manager values, knowledges, and practices for exploring the nature and possibilities of a ‘sustainable countryside', and the role of agri-environmental policy within this policy vision of rural areas.
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Lau, Leung Kwok Prudence, and Pak Yin Ophios Chow. "The Right to Landscape: Social Sustainability and the Conservation of the State Theatre, Hong Kong." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 25, 2019): 4033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154033.

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This study analyses research gaps and identifies potential new research topics concerning the adoption of social sustainability values when conserving historic buildings, with a focus on the State Theatre (the Theatre) in Hong Kong. Despite becoming a Grade 1 historic building in March 2017, the Theatre has since faced an uphill battle, sustained only through public participation and widespread pressure on heritage authorities. In the process, problems with local heritage policy and the bureaucratic procedures of technocratic administrative bodies have been brought to light. Based on in-depth interviews with members of the local community, stakeholders, non-governmental organisations and heritage consultants, and using government policies and media reports, this study unveils and analyses issues related to the conservation of the Theatre using a humanised anthropological approach. The results highlight the need for a more socially sustainable future for cultural capital by integrating the notion of the cultural landscape with heritage conservation in Hong Kong.
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Kamaruzzaman, Syahrul N., Rodger E. Edwards, and Emma M. A. Zawawi. "Energy Consumption of Electricity End Uses in Malaysian Historic Buildings." Energy & Environment 18, no. 3-4 (July 2007): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830507781076211.

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Malaysia has inherited hundreds of heritage buildings from the past including those from the Indian, Chinese and Colonial eras apart from the indigenous traditional buildings. These buildings have the most unique ecstatic value from the viewpoint of architecture, culture, art, etc. Malaysian economy boom in 1980s spurred the need for more buildings especially in large cities. As a result, most of the historic buildings have been converted and transformed into commercial use. As reported by METP [1], Malaysian buildings energy uses are reflected by the energy consumption in the industrial and commercial sectors. Most of the buildings' energy consumption is electricity, used for running and operating the plants, lighting, lifts and escalators and other equipment in the buildings. These are amongst the factors that have resulted in the high demand for electricity in Malaysia. As outlined in the eighth Malaysia Plan, Malaysia is taking steps in conserving energy and reducing energy consumption on electricity consumption in building. This paper aims to present the breakdown of the major electricity end uses characteristics of historic buildings in Malaysia. The analysis was performed on annual data, allowing comparison with published benchmarks to give an indication of efficiency. Based on data collected a ‘normalisation’ calculated electricity consumption was established with the intention of improving the comparison between buildings in different climatic regions or with different occupancy patterns. This is useful for identifying where the design needed further attention and helped pinpoint problem areas within a building. It is anticipated that this study would give a good indication on the electricity consumption characteristics of historic buildings in Malaysia.
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Alaidroos, Alaa, Ayad Almaimani, Ahmed Baik, Mohamed Al-Amodi, and Khan Rubayet Rahaman. "Are Historical Buildings More Adaptive to Minimize the Risks of Airborne Transmission of Viruses and Public Health? A Study of the Hazzazi House in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 3601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073601.

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The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has brought immense challenges to the natural and built environment to develop an antivirus-enabled model for reducing potential risks of spreading the virus at varied scales such as buildings, neighborhoods, and cities. Spatial configurations of structures may hinder or assist the spread of viruses in the built environment. In this study, we have hypothesized that suitable air ventilation in historic buildings may enhance the built environment to combat the spreading of infectious viruses. To provide such quantitative shreds of evidence, we have generated and estimated an integrated model to summarize obtained information by considering natural ventilation, wind speed, inflow and outflow, wind direction, and forecasting the associated risks of airborne disease transmission in a historical building (i.e., the Hazzazi House in particular). Intrinsically, the results have demonstrated that the effectiveness of natural ventilation has directly influenced reducing the risks of transmitting airborne infectious viruses for the selected heritage building in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). The adopted methods in this research may be useful to understand the potentials of conserving old heritage buildings. Consequently, the results demonstrate that natural air ventilation systems are critical to combat the spread of infectious diseases in the pandemic.
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Yin, Min, Jiangang Xu, and Zhongyuan Yang. "Preliminary Research on Planning of Decentralizing Ancient Towns in Small-Scale Famous Historic and Cultural Cities with a Case Study of Tingchow County, Fujian Province." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102911.

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The urban planning industry has always been concerned about conserving and developing historic cities in a sustainable and balanced way. However, unreasonable planning and accumulative effects brought by rapid urbanization prevent the conservation of small-scale famous historic and cultural cities. Taking Tingchow county as an example, this paper focused on sustainable development and the Historic Urban Landscape Approach, and determined the urban functions and specific tasks of various planning of its ancient town with the help of public opinions. This paper mainly aimed at providing guidance on urban decentralization from two perspectives. Firstly, it compared the types of land use and its ratio among famous cities of similar scales, and results showed that it is advisable to reduce three-class residential land use and unnecessary administrative functions. Secondly, it estimated the moderate resident population in different degrees of development, and calculated the upper limit of resource space bearing capacity (REBC) of scenic spots under the guidance of sustainable tourism. Results showed that it is recommended to decentralize and resettle 20%~30% of the resident population, and to control the tourist population below 12,000 per day. As the preliminary work of planning, this paper focused on the scientific planning and availability of decentralization, and reflected an expectation for the mode of public participation and quantitative planning.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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Saeed, Adil. "Sustainable methodology of conserving historic military vehicles." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2013. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/20975/.

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Research was conducted to analyse corros ion and tribological failures in The Tank Museum Bovington military tanks . Due to the age of the exhibits corrosion of vital components has become a significant issue, it is vitally important to preserve these artefa cts for future generations and so to do this effectively we need to monitor and reduce this corrosion as far as realistically possible. A case study of the historic military tanks followed by experimental research analyses is presented. Structural degradat ion through corrosion and engine wear has been i dentified and analysed . Materials were processed/manufactured during 2 nd Wor ld War, their composition was unknown. Therefore state - of - the - art characterisation techniques were performed on samples collected fr om the M10, Sherman, Centaur and Tiger 1 to obtain material compositions and to identify nearest standards . A bench mark of material loss due to corrosion so far, has been achieved in the M10, Sherman, Centaur, BT – R 60 and King Tiger t h rough ultrasonic c orrosion mapping . Material loss because of corrosion was high in the Centaur in comparison to the Sherman, M10, BT R – 60 and King Tiger s amples. C orrosion analyses techniques were conducted on samples from three tanks the M10, Sherman and Centaur to investigate corrosion m orphology on the tanks surfaces and corrosion propagation from surface to sub - surface level . During this experimental work various corrosion contaminants, sub - surf ace crack s and defects were identified. Corrosion layer/ residues we re relatively thick (approximately 250 μ m) on the surfaces of the M10, wherea s the phenomenon of corrosion pits was wide spread in the Centaur. C orrosion was influenced by the presence of surface contaminants and sub - surface defects such as slags, sulphide inclusions and corrosive pits. These factors alone and/o r in combination were observed to be a serious issue in limiting vehicles‟ longevity. Study of the environments both inside and outside the museum has been conducted to relate corrosion activity wit hin the conte xt. Based upon the data gathered simulated environmental corrosion tests were conducted to quantify corrosion accumulation under a controlled museum environment suitable for the museum visitors. Some degree of corrosion build - up was observed o n the samples under cont rolled environments. Prohesion test was conducted to evaluate viability of the material s , coating and primer. M aterial ability to resist adverse environmental conditions was negligible. These results are of particular interest for t he vehicles which are exposed in uncontrolled environment. Exposure of the primer an d coating to prohesion test showed, that the primer was able to resist failures during the entire test duration . However breakdown of th e coating was observed during the te st . Wear analyses of the o riginal piston which was designed before/during the 2 nd World War showed enhanced material composition and tribological pro perties than the new replacement piston . F ailures in the replacement piston and cylinder - liner could be att ributed to inadequate material selection and design. A sustainable model to extend longevity and to retard structural aging of the military tanks in The Tank Museum has been proposed.
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Nicolson, Kenneth N. "Conserving Hong Kong's heritage cultural landscapes." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32045219.

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Ollinen, Carin, and Filip Streiffert. "Concerning Conserving." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21541.

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Vad är det i gamla industrimiljöer som fascinerar oss? Finns det ett värde i att bevararostiga portar, slitna fasader och sprucken asfalt där gräset tränger igenom? Viundersöker fenomenet bevarande av gamla industrimiljöer i stadsnära hamnområden,och hur dessa miljöer tas till vara i en urban omgestaltningsprocess. Med stöd av befintligforskning och intervjuer undersöker vi bevarande utifrån antikvariska- och estetiskautgångspunkter. Platsen vi valt som studieobjekt är Varvsstaden i Malmö, som förnärvarande genomgår en större omvandling, där den gamla industrimiljön anpassas tillnya urbana användningsområden.Vår analys visar att begreppet bevarande bär med sig olika förväntningar hos olika aktöreri stadsbyggnadsprocessen, och att det därför är meningsfullt att utvidga diskussionen kring begreppet.
What is it in old industrial environments that fascinates us? Is there a value in preservingrusty doors, worn facades and cracked asphalt where the grass penetrates? We want toinvestigate how different preservation strategies affect design transformations in urbanharbour areas. With the help of literature and interviews, we examine conservation basedon antiquarian- and aesthetic points of departure. The place we chose as a study object isthe Varvsstaden area in Malmö, which is currently undergoing a major transformation,where the old industrial environment is adapted to new urban uses.Our analysis show that the term conservation entails different expectations among variousstakeholders in the urban development process, and that it is therefore meaningful toextend the discussion about the concept.
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Fuenmayor, Ernestina R. 1979. "Cacao Haciendas in Choroní, Venezuela: Understanding and Conserving Historic Cultural Landscapes." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10729.

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xix, 171 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
The Cacao Haciendas have been an important element of the Venezuelan cultural heritage since the seventeenth century, especially the haciendas in Choroni. These historic agricultural landscapes have been threatened since the decline of agriculture and the rise of the oil economy in the country, beginning in the 1930s. In Choroni, agriculture was replaced by tourism and fishing, creating a need for housing and hotels in the area that were constructed in the agricultural spaces and destroyed the landscape heritage that has lasted almost 400 years. To understand and analyze these sites, I studied three haciendas of the six remaining in Choroni, identifying the character-defining features that shaped these historic cultural landscapes and proposing a conservation plan for the remaining haciendas. The cultural landscape analysis and conservation plan are designed within the Venezuelan conservation heritage laws and the needs of the local society and culture in Choroni, building on parallel practices in the United States.
Committee in Charge: Robert Z. Melnick, Chair; Susan Hardwick; Elizabeth Carter
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Carroll, Jack. "Conserving the San Gabriels: A Historical Analysis of the Management of the San Gabriel Mountains." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1825.

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The San Gabriel Mountains, which frame the Los Angeles skyline and lock in the Los Angeles Basin to the north, provide the most forest land, wilderness area and open space in the Greater Los Angeles region. Since the 1800s, the federal government has managed the area as a reserve, forest and national monument. While most federally-managed lands are not located near a city, the San Gabriels are uniquely situated in close proximity to more than 15 million people. This fact has undeniably influenced the evolution of their management and the federal government's approach. This thesis analyzes the dialogue surrounding the management of the public lands in the San Gabriel Mountains and places it within broader dialogues that have taken place nationwide. Chapter One focuses on this dialogue during the Conservation Era, when the management of the mountains was in its infancy, and Chapter Two focuses on contemporary times and uses President Obama's 2014 national monument designation as a reference point. The thesis concludes that, over time, the management of this region has been crucial in the larger picture of forestry, conservation and environmental politics.
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Tsin, Kin-man. "The sustainability of a cultural link the Sunbeam Theatre : searching for a strategy for conserving privately-owned built heritage in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42181793.

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Lau, Wing-kit, and 劉榮傑. "Conserving timber floor under the statutory fire resisting requirementin Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48345544.

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The key issue addressed by this dissertation is that a number of heritage buildings undergoing the adaptive reuse are having building components such as timber structure, timber staircase which cannot meet the current fire safety regulation. Given this, it is imperative to begin researching the reasons why the timber component in heritage buildings cannot comply with the current statutory fire resistance requirement and find out the methods in preserving the timber component. The dissertation will focus on timber floor which is a highly important component in meeting the fire safety requirement as it provides the compartment separation to inhabit the rapid spread of fire and smoke in a building and as the same time it is usually a character defining element having heritage value. The dissertation will try to find out the different methods of conserving the timber floor of the heritage building under adaptive reuse with examples. The different methods will be evaluated based on the fire performance, statutory acceptance and conservation principles and the appropriate method will be matched to the adaptive reuse heritage buildings in Hong Kong.
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Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Lee, Chi-wai Corina, and 李智慧. "Conserving historic streets in Hong Kong: a feasibility study using the case of Ladder Street." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50716098.

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Hong Kong has carried out heritage conservation since the late 1970s based on the Antiquities & Monuments Ordinance of 1976, but protecting individual buildings has been the main focus. This is a fragmented way to conserving tangible heritage and is neither to the best interest of the building nor to the visitor experience. Designating a street as historical is common in countries such Britain, Canada and the United States. However, they normally conserve the area as a whole rather than a single street. For example, Cleveland Street in London, England, is listed but it is treated as an “Conservation Area” rather than a “conservation street”. As designating streets as heritage is not new to these countries. It is, however, a quite new concept to Hong Kong. 2009 marked the first time in Hong King’s history that streets were listed as Grade I built heritage, namely Pottinger Street and Ladder Street. Both are in the Central district. Is it a good way to conserving a street by just designating it as a heritage, but segregating it from its context? What other support measures are required to have it be really conserved? This dissertation focuses on whether it works as conservation by designating a street as a built heritage without including its context. The scope covers one case-study street, Ladder Street in Sheung Wan, and tracks the changes of the area after its Grade I listing in December 2009. Ladder Street is one of the earliest streets constructed in Hong Kong. It is not only a “built heritage” in itself, it also cuts across several streets featuring other “built heritage,” such as Man Mo Temple, YMCA and the Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences building. This study will attempt to evaluate if it is appropriate to designate a street. The main objective of this research is to review the Hong Kong experience in conserving built heritage, the designation procedure in Hong Kong, the reasons of designating Ladder Street, the impact on the streetscape and its implications in Hong Kong. Overseas example will be examined and their applicability in the Hong Kong context will be discussed. Ultimately, possible areas for further investigation will be identified.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Cox, Kyle. "Conserving the Urban Environment: Hough Residents, Riots, and Rehabilitation, 1960-1980." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1428054448.

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Williams, Nicholas Philip. "Carbon management and the historic built environment in Wales." Thesis, Bangor University, 2016. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/carbon-management-and-the-historic-built-environment-in-wales(be4a871f-cf60-432a-99f0-1df60da0cb23).html.

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A potential clash of ideologies is identified between the climate change agenda and the conservation of the historic built environment. Whilst the conservation of both the natural environment and our built heritage should ideally be mutually beneficial, the lack of a robust policy framework within the planning system is proving to be highly problematic. The study examines how the historic built environment in Wales can contribute towards the national target of achieving a carbon neutral society within a generation through policy reform within the planning system. A brief history of the building conservation movement is provided, along with a description of how it has evolved. Climate change and its implications for the planning system are also examined. A hypothesis is also included in the study, which suggests that the current planning policy framework is insufficiently equipped to aid the historic built environment in adequately contributing towards the target of achieving a carbon neutral society within a generation. The analytical section draws upon the evidence base of the study, which is in the form of primary data such as surveys and secondary data such as previously published statistics. The findings of the study are identified and analysed in order to reach robust conclusions, which in turn lead onto a series of recommendations on how the planning policy framework for the historic built environment in Wales can be modified to become more effective in making significant reductions in carbon emissions over the next generation. The duration of the study period is from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2014. All literature, data and other information included in this thesis, and subsequent analysis and conclusions, are considered to be up-to-date at the study’s ‘cut-off’ date of 31st December 2014. The Viva Voce for the study took place on 7th October 2015. Subsequently, changes have been made to the thesis that refer to information released after the original 31th December 2014 cut-off date.
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Books on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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A, Miller Debra, ed. Conserving the environment. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2010.

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1973-, Egendorf Laura K., ed. Conserving the environment. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1999.

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1958-, Woodward John, and Skancke Jennifer, eds. Conserving the environment. San Diego, Calif: Greenhaven Press, 2007.

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Alcala, Angel C. Conserving Philippine marine environment & resources. [Quezon City, Philippines]: Rex Bookstore, 2000.

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Zammit-Lucia, Joseph. First steps: Conserving our environment. New York: Matte Press, 2008.

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Conserving the past in Soviet cities. Washington, DC: Wilson Center, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, 1990.

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Kong, Lily. Conserving the past, creating the future: Urban heritage in Singapore. Singapore: Urban Redevelopment Authority, 2011.

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Sharpe, Adam. A guide to conserving historic mine buildings in Cornwall. Truro: Cornwall Archaeological Unit, 1996.

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Marshall, Duncan. Culture and heritage: Historic environment. Canberra, A.C.T: Environment Australia, Dept. of the Environment, Commonwealth of Australia, 1997.

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Trust, National. Archaeology and the historic environment. London: National Trust, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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James, Simon P. "Conserving Nature’s Meanings." In Human-Environment Relations, 31–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2825-7_3.

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Winter, John. "Conserving Buildings of the Modern Movement." In Understanding Historic Building Conservation, 96–106. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470691823.ch8.

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Amirtahmasebi, Rana, and Mohammadsaeid Izadi. "Conserving historic urban cores in Iran." In The Routledge Handbook on Historic Urban Landscapes in the Asia-Pacific, 579–97. New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429486470-34.

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Papayianni, Ioanna. "Repair Mortars/Grouts for Reinstatement of Stone Units in Historic Structures." In Conserving Stone Heritage, 209–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82942-1_7.

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Bharne, Vinayak. "Conserving Asia’s vernacular water urbanisms." In The Routledge Handbook on Historic Urban Landscapes in the Asia-Pacific, 67–79. New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429486470-3.

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Salizzoni, Emma. "Conserving Biological and Cultural Diversity Along the Latin Arc: The Role of Protected Areas." In Environmental History, 471–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26315-1_25.

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White, Jenifer. "Conserving Historic Parks and Gardens in a Changing Climate." In Gardens & Landscapes in Historic Building Conservation, 207–18. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118508107.ch20.

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McCallum, Duncan. "Regeneration and the Historic Environment." In Understanding Historic Building Conservation, 35–45. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470691823.ch4.

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Drewe, David. "Environment in the Historic Interior." In Interior Finishes & Fittings for Historic Building Conservation, 187–95. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444344837.ch14.

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Benhamou, Françoise. "Conserving Historic Monuments in France: A Critique of Official Policies." In Economic Perspectives on Cultural Heritage, 196–210. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25824-6_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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Cunliffe, H. "Conserving Historic Vessels." In Historic Ships 2012. RINA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hist.2012.02.

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Kearon, J. "ASGARD – Conserving Erskine Childers Historic Yacht." In Historic Ships 2014. RINA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hist.2014.02.

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Fannon, David, and Jamaica Reese-Julian. "Conserving Energy, Conserving Buildings: Airtightness Testing in Historic New England Homes." In 7th International Building Physics Conference. Syracuse, New York: International Association of Building Physics (IABP), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14305/ibpc.2018.hf-2.01.

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Fu, Xingguo, Xiaohong Xu, and Xuguang Zhou. "The New Lubrication Technology and China’s Sustained Development." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63123.

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The application of new lubrication technology has a close relationship with the industrial development of automobile, machinery and transportation. Energy saving and environment protection are main two factors to push lubricants upgrades. Lubricant quality and correct application directly influence the use-life of machine, consumption of energy and environment protection. All over the world, especially in Western developed countries people pay more attention to the research and application of new lubricant technology. The lubricant specifications were reviewed and upgraded continuously according to the requirements of machine, fuel economy and emission. China’s sustained development means the ability to satisfy current human’s requirement as well as not to destroy nature resources for next generation. That also means we must balance the fast development of economy, society, resources and environment, we must protect natural resources and environment such as water, ocean, lands and forest which we live on, which can keep our next generation developing. Research and application of new lubricant technology is basic issues to keep China’s economy continuously growing. China’s petroleum consumption increased rapidly during the recent decades. There are two rapid period within 25 years after China’s application of opening and reform policy. The first is from 1978 to 1990, the whole petroleum consumption increased from 913 million to 1.18 billion tons respectively, increasing rate is 2.0% per year. The second was from 1991 to 2003, petroleum consumption increased from 1.18 billion to 2.74 billion tons, increasing rate was up to 6.7% per year. If we compare 2003 with 2001, the net petroleum consumption amount had increased 42million tons, increase rate is 8.7% per year. China now becomes one of biggest petroleum consumption country. The efficiency of China’s petroleum consumption is low. According to world petroleum consumption level (ton per thousand U.S. Dollar, GDP), China consumes four times more petroleum than that of Japan, three times of that of European, two times of that of USA. The wide application of low-grade lubricating oil and the lack of new lubrication technology are the main cause of the low-efficient petroleum usage. In the future decades petroleum shortages will be more and more strict in China, and it will have an important role in the delay of economic development and national safety. It is our lubricants workers duty to develop and apply the new lubrication technology to enhance the use efficiency of petroleum, to prevent our reliable environment and to push the China’s sustainable development. The world total consumption quantity of lubricating oil keeps about 37 to 39 million tons per year. It shares about 1% of total crude refining amount. The lube consumption amount in North American keeps stable about 9.5 million tons which listed No.1 while European and previous Unit Soviet area decreased. Asia is the only increased area, mainly because of the fast economic growth in China and India. China has consumed 4.4million tons lubricating oil in 2003, take about 1.6% of total crude refining amount, shares about 11% of whole world consumption amount, values about 22 billion RMB [1]. The increased rate reaches the highest—10.56% compared to 2002. This was the first time China become the second lubricant consumer in the world, just after USA. In 2004, China’s lubricants consumption will reach over 5 million tons, reaches the top in history, the increased rate will reach 10% comparing with 2003. China’s Automobile industry develops rapidly in the recent years, at the same time fuel efficiency keeps a low level. In 2002 China’s automobile has consumed 2.28 ton fuel per automobile which is 110–120 percent of USA, 200 percent of Japan. There exists a wide market for the application of new lubrication technology. The application of those additives and lube oils such as environment-friend additives, friction modified agents, nano-lube additives, energy-conserving multi-grade lube oils can enhance lubrication efficiency of equipments, decrease fuel consumption and conserve the petroleum resources. In this paper the applications of Cu nano-lube additive are introduced. and 0.1% Cu nano-lube is added into passenger car motor oil 5W30 SJ. The four-ball test equipment, cam-tappet test equipment and MS VI engine test are used to evaluate the performance, the test results shows the application of Cu nano-additive can obviously decrease the friction coefficient and fuel consumption. China should establish its national lube oil evaluation system, this system can greatly push the warranty of the quality of lube oil. The standard and national principle for fuel-conserving should be acted to improve the application of multi-grade lube oil and energy-conserving lube oil and new technology.
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James, A. "Researching, Protecting and Managing England’s Marine Historic Environment." In Historic Ships 2012. RINA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.hist.2012.09.

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Tse, Rita, Marcus Im, Su-Kit Tang, Luís Menezes, Alfredo Dias, and Giovanni Pau. "Self-adaptive Sensing IoT Platform for Conserving Historic Buildings and Collections in Museums." In 5th International Conference on Internet of Things, Big Data and Security. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009470203920398.

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Özkan, Suna, and Betül Balkar. "The University Conserving and Sustaining Its Natural Environment." In 2nd International Conference on Teaching, Learning and Education. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.ictle.2019.11.700.

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Sarkisian, Mark, Neville Mathias, Jeffrey Keileh, Joanna Zhang, and John Lyrenmann. "Retrofit of Historic Structures: Sustaining Environment and Culture." In IABSE Congress, Stockholm 2016: Challenges in Design and Construction of an Innovative and Sustainable Built Environment. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/stockholm.2016.0639.

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Traykova, Marina D., Nicolas Janberg, and Annette Bögle. "Interventions on historic and existing structures – why and how." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2515.

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<p>Extraordinary construction projects have been produced throughout time and in all geographic regions and conserving these heritage structures is a demand from society. The preservation and continued use of more mundane existing structures is both sustainable and environmentally responsible, but a just as important an act of culture that helps in safeguarding, recognizing and continuing cultural and historic traditions.</p><p>In this paper, the authors aim to understand historical construction practices by focusing on historically significant buildings and structures in different countries. The paper presents an overview and analysis of strategies and approaches for handling the preservation process used in case studies presented in SED 15 published by IABSE.</p><p>The analysis aims (1) to discover the problems in the design of interventions in heritage structures, (2) to discuss the question for interventions or no interventions on existing structures as a question of risk, (3) to show how interventions on existing structures can be reached successfully under current conditions and restrictions, (4) to present the basis on which IABSE Task Group 2.1 aims to work on guidelines for existing/heritage structures.</p>
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Sharma, Swati, and Rishabh Kaushal. "Energy Conserving Secure VM Allocation in Untrusted Cloud Computing Environment." In the 10th Annual ACM India Compute Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3140107.3140121.

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Reports on the topic "Conserving the historic environment"

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Gregory, Carrie. Historic Built-Environment Resources at LANL for General Employee Training. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1866916.

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Ullrich, R. A., and M. A. Sullivan. Historic Context and Building Assessments for the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Built Environment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1367957.

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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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Lloyd, D. W. Programmatic agreement among the USDOE/RL Operations Office, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and the WA State Historic Preservation Office for the maintenance, deactivation, alteration and demolition of the built environment on the Hanford Site, Washington. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/341257.

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Paul, Kylie, Anna Wearn, Rob Ament, Elizabeth Fairbank, and Zack Wurtzebach. A Toolkit for Developing Effective Projects Under the Federal Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program. Center for Large Landscape Conservation, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53847/pznn2279.

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In November 2021, Congress passed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, now referred to as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, which includes multiple provisions related to conserving fish and wildlife. One of the most exciting elements of this historic legislation is a dedicated $350 million competitive grant program called the Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program. In order to assist eligible applicants and partners to understand and take advantage of these new funding and policy opportunities, the Center for Large Landscape Conservation’s Corridors & Crossings Program has created “A Toolkit for Developing Effective Projects Under the Federal Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program.” The document provides: An overview of the Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program and other fish and wildlife provisions in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, suggestions for how applicants and their partners can engage, best practices, examples, and resources for designing effective wildlife crossing projects in accordance with each of the grant application criterion of the Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program.
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Pfluger, Rainer, Alexander Rieser, and Daniel Herrera, eds. Conservation compatible energy retrofit technologies: Part I: Introduction to the integrated approach for the identification of conservation compatible retrofit materials and solutions in historic buildings. IEA SHC Task 59, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task59-2021-0004.

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According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), existing European buildings consume about 40% of the total energy consumption in Europe. For this reason, in the last decades, several energy policies have been directed to deep renovation of the existing stock (as last 2018/844). Considering that more than one quarter of all European buildings were constructed before the 1950s, we can assume that many of them are of cultural, architectural, social and heritage values, hence in need of special attention for conservation purposes.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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Haver, Samara. Analysis of underwater soundscape conditions at Buck Island Reef National Monument during the COVID-19 pandemic: Focused condition assessment report. National Park Service, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294883.

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In partnership with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Oregon State University, the National Park Service has been collecting continuous acoustic recordings at a stationary autonomous recorder in Buck Island Reef National Monument since 2016. The audio data were previously analyzed to establish baseline soundscape conditions as well as monitor the acoustic presence of vessels and humpback whales. This report specifically investigates potential changes to the soundscape environment during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent “anthro-pause” when human activities such as tourism and commercial shipping were interrupted by public health guidance. Although major declines of anthropogenic activities were observed in other regions of the world, soundscape conditions in Buck Island Reef National Monument were only minimally impacted during early 2020. Furthermore, in latter months of 2020 and into 2021, vessel movement and related noise levels slightly increased from historic levels. Humpback whale vocalizations were also analyzed for seasonal presence in Buck Island Reef National Monument, revealing a consistent pattern with previously analyzed seasons. Ongoing passive acoustic soundscape monitoring will provide data that can be used to evaluate continued impacts of anthropogenic activity in and near Buck Island Reef National Monument.
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Tuller, Markus, Asher Bar-Tal, Hadar Heller, and Michal Amichai. Optimization of advanced greenhouse substrates based on physicochemical characterization, numerical simulations, and tomato growth experiments. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600009.bard.

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Over the last decade there has been a dramatic shift in global agricultural practice. The increase in human population, especially in underdeveloped arid and semiarid regions of the world, poses unprecedented challenges to production of an adequate and economically feasible food supply to undernourished populations. Furthermore, the increased living standard in many industrial countries has created a strong demand for high-quality, out-of-season vegetables and fruits as well as for ornamentals such as cut and potted flowers and bedding plants. As a response to these imminent challenges and demands and because of a ban on methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural field soils, soilless greenhouse production systems are regaining increased worldwide attention. Though there is considerable recent empirical and theoretical research devoted to specific issues related to control and management of soilless culture production systems, a comprehensive approach that quantitatively considers all relevant physicochemical processes within the growth substrates is lacking. Moreover, it is common practice to treat soilless growth systems as static, ignoring dynamic changes of important physicochemical and hydraulic properties due to root and microbial growth that require adaptation of management practices throughout the growth period. To overcome these shortcomings, the objectives of this project were to apply thorough physicochemical characterization of commonly used greenhouse substrates in conjunction with state-of-the-art numerical modeling (HYDRUS-3D, PARSWMS) to not only optimize management practices (i.e., irrigation frequency and rates, fertigation, container size and geometry, etc.), but to also “engineer” optimal substrates by mixing organic (e.g., coconut coir) and inorganic (e.g., perlite, pumice, etc.) base substrates and modifying relevant parameters such as the particle (aggregate) size distribution. To evaluate the proposed approach under commercial production conditions, characterization and modeling efforts were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with tomatoes. The project not only yielded novel insights regarding favorable physicochemical properties of advanced greenhouse substrates, but also provided critically needed tools for control and management of containerized soilless production systems to provide a stress-free rhizosphere environment for optimal yields, while conserving valuable production resources. Numerical modeling results provided a more scientifically sound basis for the design of commercial greenhouse production trials and selection of adequate plant-specific substrates, thereby alleviating the risk of costly mistrials.
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Shani, Uri, Lynn Dudley, Alon Ben-Gal, Menachem Moshelion, and Yajun Wu. Root Conductance, Root-soil Interface Water Potential, Water and Ion Channel Function, and Tissue Expression Profile as Affected by Environmental Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7592119.bard.

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Constraints on water resources and the environment necessitate more efficient use of water. The key to efficient management is an understanding of the physical and physiological processes occurring in the soil-root hydraulic continuum.While both soil and plant leaf water potentials are well understood, modeled and measured, the root-soil interface where actual uptake processes occur has not been sufficiently studied. The water potential at the root-soil interface (yᵣₒₒₜ), determined by environmental conditions and by soil and plant hydraulic properties, serves as a boundary value in soil and plant uptake equations. In this work, we propose to 1) refine and implement a method for measuring yᵣₒₒₜ; 2) measure yᵣₒₒₜ, water uptake and root hydraulic conductivity for wild type tomato and Arabidopsis under varied q, K⁺, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ levels in the root zone; 3) verify the role of MIPs and ion channels response to q, K⁺ and Na⁺ levels in Arabidopsis and tomato; 4) study the relationships between yᵣₒₒₜ and root hydraulic conductivity for various crops representing important botanical and agricultural species, under conditions of varying soil types, water contents and salinity; and 5) integrate the above to water uptake term(s) to be implemented in models. We have made significant progress toward establishing the efficacy of the emittensiometer and on the molecular biology studies. We have added an additional method for measuring ψᵣₒₒₜ. High-frequency water application through the water source while the plant emerges and becomes established encourages roots to develop towards and into the water source itself. The yᵣₒₒₜ and yₛₒᵢₗ values reflected wetting and drying processes in the rhizosphere and in the bulk soil. Thus, yᵣₒₒₜ can be manipulated by changing irrigation level and frequency. An important and surprising finding resulting from the current research is the obtained yᵣₒₒₜ value. The yᵣₒₒₜ measured using the three different methods: emittensiometer, micro-tensiometer and MRI imaging in both sunflower, tomato and corn plants fell in the same range and were higher by one to three orders of magnitude from the values of -600 to -15,000 cm suggested in the literature. We have added additional information on the regulation of aquaporins and transporters at the transcript and protein levels, particularly under stress. Our preliminary results show that overexpression of one aquaporin gene in tomato dramatically increases its transpiration level (unpublished results). Based on this information, we started screening mutants for other aquaporin genes. During the feasibility testing year, we identified homozygous mutants for eight aquaporin genes, including six mutants for five of the PIP2 genes. Including the homozygous mutants directly available at the ABRC seed stock center, we now have mutants for 11 of the 19 aquaporin genes of interest. Currently, we are screening mutants for other aquaporin genes and ion transporter genes. Understanding plant water uptake under stress is essential for the further advancement of molecular plant stress tolerance work as well as for efficient use of water in agriculture. Virtually all of Israel’s agriculture and about 40% of US agriculture is made possible by irrigation. Both countries face increasing risk of water shortages as urban requirements grow. Both countries will have to find methods of protecting the soil resource while conserving water resources—goals that appear to be in direct conflict. The climate-plant-soil-water system is nonlinear with many feedback mechanisms. Conceptual plant uptake and growth models and mechanism-based computer-simulation models will be valuable tools in developing irrigation regimes and methods that maximize the efficiency of agricultural water. This proposal will contribute to the development of these models by providing critical information on water extraction by the plant that will result in improved predictions of both water requirements and crop yields. Plant water use and plant response to environmental conditions cannot possibly be understood by using the tools and language of a single scientific discipline. This proposal links the disciplines of soil physics and soil physical chemistry with plant physiology and molecular biology in order to correctly treat and understand the soil-plant interface in terms of integrated comprehension. Results from the project will contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the SPAC and will inspire continued multidisciplinary research.
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