Journal articles on the topic 'Conservative worldviews'
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1
Nilsson, Artur, Henry Montgomery, Girts Dimdins, Maria Sandgren, Arvid Erlandsson, and Adrian Taleny. "Beyond ‘Liberals’ and ‘Conservatives’: Complexity in Ideology, Moral Intuitions, and Worldview among Swedish Voters." European Journal of Personality 34, no. 3 (May 2020): 448–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2249.
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This research investigated the congruence between the ideologies of political parties and the ideological preferences ( N = 1515), moral intuitions ( N = 1048), and political values and worldviews ( N = 1345) of diverse samples of Swedish adults who voted or intended to vote for the parties. Logistic regression analyses yielded support for a series of hypotheses about variations in ideology beyond the left–right division. With respect to social ideology, resistance to change and binding moral intuitions predicted stronger preference for a social democratic (vs. progressive) party on the left and weaker preference for a social liberal (vs. social conservative or liberal–conservative) party on the right. With respect to political values and broader worldviews, normativism and low acceptance of immigrants predicted the strongest preference for a nationalist party, while environmentalism predicted the strongest preference for a green party. The effects were generally strong and robust when we controlled for left–right self–placements, economic ideology, and demographic characteristics. These results show that personality variation in the ideological domain is not reducible to the simplistic contrast between ‘liberals’ and ‘conservatives’, which ignores differences between progressive and non–progressive leftists, economic and green progressives, social liberal and conservative rightists, and nationalist and non–nationalist conservatives.
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Boele-de Bruin, HL (Laura), and A. (Bram) de Muynck. "Exploring the professional ideals of Christian teachers from conservative Protestant schools in the Netherlands." International Journal of Christianity & Education 22, no. 1 (November 9, 2017): 8–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056997117740367.
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Professional ideals arise from personal worldviews and specify teachers' professional identities. This study aimed to explore how faith is present in the professional ideals of Christian teachers. The professional ideals of 107 Dutch teachers from conservative Protestant primary and secondary schools were explored using an open-ended questionnaire. The ideal educational aims and contents were closely connected: the ultimate essence of teaching was defined as passing on images of the perfect Christian person by modelling. Faith was represented by non-substantial religious ideals that are related to social behavior. Ideals about didactical strategies and teaching materials which demonstrate teachers' Christian worldview were hardly found.
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MAHBOUB, Oussama. "Adoption versus Replacement: “Obamacare” at Crossroads." ALTRALANG Journal 3, no. 03 (December 31, 2021): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/altralang.v3i03.138.
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Conservatives tend to oppose any attempt at reforming the American healthcare system. This ideologically based objection witnessed a remarkable increase after the enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), nicknamed "Obamacare." The present paper will mainly discuss and analyze both the genesis of the political polarization over the ACA and its potential destiny. In tackling the issue of polarization over Obamacare as a case study, this article will employ the Lakoffian Metaphor Theory. This latter differentiates between the conservative and liberal moral worldviews by a metaphor of "nation as family" where the strict father stands for the conservative mind and the nurturant parent represents the liberal thought. Hence, this paper seeks to explore the reasons that lie behind the liberals' tolerance and conservatives' antipathy towards Obamacare. It draws the conclusion that the conservatives' strenuous efforts to reform some provisions of the ACA were achievable, yet the pursuit of repealing the whole law was not an overnight issue.
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Corcoran, Katie E., Rachel E. Stein, Corey J. Colyer, Annette M. Mackay, and Sara K. Guthrie. "Global Contexts: How Countries Shape the COVID-19 Experience of Amish and Mennonite Missionaries Abroad." Religions 12, no. 10 (September 22, 2021): 790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12100790.
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Across the globe, governments restricted social life to slow the spread of COVID-19. Several conservative Protestant sects resisted these policies in the United States. We do not yet know if theology shaped the resistance or if it was more a product of a polarized national political context. We argue that the country context likely shapes how conservative Protestants’ moral worldview affects their perceptions of the pandemic and government restrictions. Countries implementing more regulations, those with limited access to healthcare, food, and other essential services, and those with past histories of epidemics may all shape residents’ perceptions. Drawing on the case of American Amish and Mennonite missionaries stationed abroad, we content-analyzed accounts of the pandemic from an international Amish and Mennonite correspondence newspaper. We found that the missionaries’ perceptions of the pandemic and governmental restrictions differ from those of their U.S. counterparts, which suggests that context likely shapes how religious moral worldviews express themselves concerning public health interventions.
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Golec de Zavala, Agnieszka, and Agnieszka Van Bergh. "Need for Cognitive Closure and Conservative Political Beliefs: Differential Mediation by Personal Worldviews." Political Psychology 28, no. 5 (October 2007): 587–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2007.00591.x.
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Elad-Strenger, Julia, and Golan Shahar. "Revisiting the Effects of Societal Threat Perceptions on Conflict-related Positions." Journal of Conflict Resolution 62, no. 8 (April 19, 2017): 1753–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002717703684.
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Past research has produced convincing evidence for the association between perceived societal threat and political conservatism. Based on the view of political worldviews and threat perceptions as multifaceted constructs, the present study suggests that certain types of perceived threat are actually associated with the endorsement of more politically liberal positions. Employing a three-wave naturalistic design, we examined the unique longitudinal effects of perceived threats from real-life political events that challenge either liberal or conservative values, on conflict-related attitudes, using a nationally representative sample of Jewish-Israelis ( N = 437). Consistent with our hypotheses, perceived threat from events that challenge conservative values was associated with increased militaristic attitudes and decreased willingness to compromise for peace over time, whereas perceived threat from events that challenge liberal values was related to decreased militaristic attitudes and increased willingness to compromise for peace over time. Theoretical and practical implications of these longitudinal effects are discussed.
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Basalamah, Salah. "Translating (political) religious and secularist worldviews in a post-secular age." Translation in Society 1, no. 1 (December 16, 2021): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tris.21012.bas.
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Abstract Inspired by the works of François Burgat, Jürgen Habermas and Jean-Marc Ferry, this paper addresses the notions of the religious, the political, the radical/extreme, the conservative, the secular and the social as the objects of an extended conception of translation that defines translation as a mode of intercomprehension between competing or adversary groups within a single or among diverse societies. Shifting focus away from textual manipulations, it conceives of translation as a form of active engagement in social and discursive negotiations and explores translation as it brings about change in the dynamics of intergroup and intercultural relations.
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Choi, Sungho, and Ji Young Jung. "The Problem of Dualistic Worldviews in a Season of Climate Change." International Journal of Public Theology 15, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 216–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341655.
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Abstract This article addresses the dualistic worldview surrounding climate change to be found among evangelicals in the United States. Since the majority of the traditionalist American evangelicals identify themselves with the Republican party, their views towards climate change tends to be highly skeptical: they tend to favour policies that protect the free-market economy. The Cornwall Alliance and its evangelical constituency, in particular, has provided a ground for a critical discussion concerning an association of Christian faith with conservative political ideologies from a particular biblical viewpoint. The key framework in the Alliance’s theological claims against environmentalism in general is an assumed dualism. This interpretive lens increases political bias/prejudice thereby impeding constructive discussion and a much needed co-operation between parties in the era of climate change.
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Dilley, Stephen C. "Enlightenment Science and Globalization." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 20, no. 1 (2008): 135–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis2008201/28.
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An important intellectual challenge posed by globalization is how Enlightenment science interacts with traditional non-Western worldviews. This essay analyzes a key facet this challenge: the union of Darwinism with traditional conservative values. Political scientist Larry Amhart proposes that Darwinism provides a biological fouruiation for conservative notions of human nature, traditional morality, family values, private property, limited govemment, and the like. A foundation for his view is an Enlightenment claim that the laws of nature arui material causes are sufficient to produce "emergent" human minds capable of the kind of free will consistent with moral responsibility. Yet Amhart's stance implies determinism of the mind and the disintegration of morality. As such, members of the global community who hold conservative values need to re-examine the parameters of Enlightenment science in light of a more traditional view, which has a richer understanding of the human mind, will, and moral responsibility.
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Irfan Wahid, Muhammad. "DARI TRADISIONAL MENUJU DIGITAL: ADOPSI INTERNET OLEH NAHDLATUL ULAMA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19." Jurnal Studi Agama dan Masyarakat 16, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/jsam.v16i1.1745.
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This article discussed on how religious organizations see and use the internet. The example of a case presented in this article was a mass organization of Nahdlatul Ulama. This article was based on assumption that Nahdlatul Ulama as a traditionalist religious organization tends to be conservative towards the development of information technology was an inaccurate analysis. The data in this article were obtained from Nahdlatul Ulama official website and literature. The findings indicated that despite having a traditionalist character, Nahdlatul Ulama was able to adopt internet technology as an information media for its religious worldviews.
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Stachura-Lupa, Renata. "O emancypacji ze stanowiska konserwatywnego." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 28, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.446.
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The author considers the problem of female emancipation from the angle of the contention between two worldviews: religious conservatism and liberal secularism. The article reviews the development of emancipatory ideas in the second half of the 19th century, the emergence of first periodicals for women, and first female organizations in Poland during the Partitions. Then it shows an evolution of the ideas at the turn of the 19th century. It is against the backdrop of this social context that the author presents the reaction of Polish conservative and clerical circles, which exemplifies the core of the contention—the tussle about emancipation is here understood as part of the debate over moral and social consequences of modernization. In fact, the idea of emancipation was part and parcel of the epoch’s mind-set and generated controversies in the context of all the changes brought about by positivism in Poland.
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Drolet, Jean-François, and Michael C. Williams. "The radical Right, realism, and the politics of conservatism in postwar international thought." Review of International Studies 47, no. 3 (March 16, 2021): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210521000103.
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AbstractThe rise of the radical Right over the last decade has created a situation that demands engagement with the intellectual origins, achievements, and changing worldviews of radical conservative forces. Yet, conservative thought seems to have no distinct place in the theoretical field that has structured debates within the discipline of IR since 1945. This article seeks to explain some of the reasons for this absence. In the first part, we argue that there was in fact a clear strand of radical conservative thought in the early years of the field's development and recover some of these forgotten positions. In the second part, we argue that the near disappearance of those ideas can be traced in part to a process of ‘conceptual innovation’ through which postwar realist thinkers sought to craft a ‘conservative liberalism’ that defined the emerging field's theoretical alternatives in ways that excluded radical right-wing positions. Recovering this history challenges some of IR's most enduring narratives about its development, identity, and commitments – particularly the continuing tendency to find its origins in a defining battle between realism and liberalism. It also draws attention to overlooked resources to reflect upon the challenge of the radical Right in contemporary world politics.
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O. Míguez, Néstor. "THE POLITICAL AMBIGUITY OF LATIN AMERICAN POPULAR RELIGION." RELIGION AND POLITICS IN LATIN AMERICA 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54561/prj0901019m.
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This article will present some historical cases, some ancient, some very recent, of how such ambiguity of the religious forces and popular religiosity has played in Latin America. Through this case we will analyze how and why in “the popular” the same cultural phenomena can play sometimes a very conservative role, and then, in others, turn into a menacing power to the traditional social order. On one hand, it is a way in which conservative hegemony has captured the potential and will of the masses and used it to domesticate its claims (opium of the people). But in other cases it has stimulated the dreams and hopes, and has provided unexpected vitality to the people in their search for justice and better living conditions. The traditional aboriginal (pre-conquest) religions and worldviews, as well as new religious experiences brought by the slave trade and migrations sometimes provided myths and images that reinforced the liberating thrust of religious forces.
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Smiley, Kevin T. "A Polluting Creed: Religion and Environmental Inequality in the United States." Sociological Perspectives 62, no. 6 (July 31, 2019): 980–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121419862229.
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Research on religion and the environment primarily focuses how religion shapes environmental attitudes, but this leaves aside how this connection links to observable levels of pollution. This article outlines three elements by which religion and environmental inequality are related: the cumulative effect of religious worldviews, free market outlooks held by some religious adherents, and the bridging or bonding character of social ties of religious adherents. These three elements are analyzed by examining the relationship between industrial air pollution and the proportion of population in metropolitan areas that are conservative Protestant, Mainline Protestant, Catholic, and a composite measure. Results show that the composite measure is associated with more industrial pollution. But important distinctions between religious groups show that a greater proportion of conservative Protestant Evangelical adherents are associated with greater pollution, but that Catholic and Mainline Protestant adherents are not. These findings suggest the importance of renewing research between religion and environmental degradation.
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Adams, Madison. "Supporting the President in a #NotMyPresident Context: Experiences of College-Aged Trump Supporters at a Southern University." Qualitative Sociology Review 17, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.17.4.05.
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In light of sexual misconduct allegations involving the former president of the United States, this study analyzes the reasons some university students provide for their continued support of Donald Trump. Relying on ten semi-structured qualitative interviews with college students who align with the president, this paper identifies three interrelated stages making up a model of support. First, students identify their conservative worldviews as helping to explain their initial support of Trump. Second, given the numerous accusations leveled against the president in the media, students readily use neutralization tactics to counter these narratives and rationalize their continued support. Finally, they feel vilified at their university and elsewhere for supporting Trump, and they find it necessary to conceal their opinions. Such experiences do not contribute to them questioning their beliefs. On the contrary, they lead to more entrenched and rigid support of the president. By identifying this three-stage process and applying neutralization theory to better understand it, this paper contributes to the existing sociological literature on the persistence of conservatism in the United States today.
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Nunes, Silma do Carmos. "Concepções de mundo veiculadas no ensino de história do curso ginasial em Minas: 1954 - 1964." Educação e Filosofia 10, no. 19 (October 22, 2008): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/revedfil.v10n19a1996-968.
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Resumo: Este artigo busca discutir as concepções de mundo veiculadas no ensino de História no estado de Minas Gerais no período de 1954-1964, no antigo urso Ginasial, hoje, 5ª a 8ª séries do 1° grau. Procura mostrar também as suas relações e influências no ensino de História do referido Estado em épocas posteriores, inclusive nos dias de hoje. Pesquisa recente revelou que aquelas concepções de mundo caracterizam-se por serem tradicionais, conservadoras e liberais-burguesas, o que aqui se pretendeu investigar. Palavras-chave: ensino de história; concepções de mundo; conservadorismo. Abstract: This article has an aim of discussing the conception of the world in History teaching in the state of Minas Gerais from 1954 to 1964, at the old “Curso Ginasial” which is now “5ª, 6ª, 7ª and 8ª” of “1° grau”. It also tries to show its relations and influences of History teaching in Minas Gerais afterwards up to nowadays. Recent researches reveled that those conceptions were characterized ad being traditional and conservative, and this was what we intended to discuss here. Keywords: teaching history; worldviews; conservatism.
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Vicenzotti, Vera. "Mapping Multivalent Metaphors: Analyzing the Wildnis Metaphor in the Zwischenstadt Discourse in Terms of Political Worldviews." Nature and Culture 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 162–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2013.080203.
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This article presents an approach to mapping multivalent metaphors, that is, metaphors that imply competing values. It suggests that a metaphor's interpretative repertoire can usefully be structured in terms of worldviews derived from political philosophies. To illustrate this approach, the article analyzes how Wildnis (wild nature) is used to refer to the Zwischenstadt (hybrid peri-urban landscapes) in German language planning discourse. It thus makes a contribution toward interpreting and structuring this discourse. After outlining the methodological framework, the article presents certain elements of the interpretative repertoire of Wildnis by outlining selected liberal, Romantic, and conservative interpretations of this metaphor. It then interprets actual statements by urban and landscape planners and designers, reconstructing how they refer to various political interpretations of Wildnis. Finally, it is argued that the approach can benefit planning practice by enhancing frame awareness and by allowing for a systematic analysis of the metaphor's blind spots.
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Giménez Béliveau, Verónica. "Missionaries in a Globalized World." Postscripts: The Journal of Sacred Texts, Cultural Histories, and Contemporary Contexts 5, no. 3 (December 22, 2011): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/post.v5i3.365.
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This article examines contemporary orthodox or traditionalist communities that have emerged within the heart of Argentinean Catholicism. The discussion aims to contribute to current debates concerning global religious citizenships in relation to orthodox or traditionalist Catholic communities. Vigorously promoted by Pope John Paul II and now Benedict XVI, such conservative communities have exceeded the nation-state boundaries in which they have arisen and, using global resources from diverse international networks within the Roman Catholic church, they work hard to expand still further throughout the globe. Conservative Catholic communities, which ground their activities in the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965), have found in Argentina conditions particularly favorable for growth. While Argentinean Catholics who participate in such groups are still a clear minority, they currently enjoy a visibility in the public sphere and recognized space within the Catholic church. As they justify their expansion, the communities redefine both the goal and the appropriate territories for missionization. The construction of Catholic community draws on perceptions of a memory of Christianity that go beyond national loyalties, generating for participants new worldviews and forms of sociability within the frame of a “renewed” Catholicism.
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HUGHES, SARAH. "American Monsters: Tabloid Media and the Satanic Panic, 1970–2000." Journal of American Studies 51, no. 3 (December 29, 2016): 691–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875816001298.
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“American Monsters” analyzes the satanic panic, an episode of national hysteria that dominated the media throughout the 1980s. It involved hundreds of accusations that devil-worshipping pedophiles were operating America's white middle-class suburban daycare centers. Communities around the country became embroiled in trials against center owners, the most publicized of which was the McMartin Preschool trial in Manhattan Beach, California, still the longest and most expensive criminal trial in the nation's history. This article explores how the panic both reflected and shaped a cultural climate dominated by the overlapping worldviews of politically active conservatives. Their ideology was incorporated into the panic and reinforced through tabloid media. Infotainment expanded dramatically in the 1980s, selling conservative-defined threats as news. The panic unfolded mostly through infotainment, lending appeal to subgenres like talk shows. In the 1990s, judges overturned the life sentences of defendants in most major cases, and several prominent journalists and lawyers condemned the phenomenon as a witch hunt. They analyzed it as a powerful delusion, or what contemporary cultural theorist Jean Baudrillard termed a “hyperreality,” in which audiences confuse the media universe for real life. Integral to the development, influence, and success of tabloid television, the panic was a manifestation of the hyperreal.
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Richardson, Peter. "A closer walk." Metaphor and the Social World 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 233–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.2.2.05ric.
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Committed, conservative Christians and Muslims are often characterised by a perceived sense of the absolute certainty of their beliefs. This certainty and the seemingly rigid nature of what they believe (including notions such as judgement and eternal punishment) often bring them into a degree of conflict and competition with other worldviews. This situation can make attempts at mutually stimulating engagement and co-existence outside of evangelisation or debate difficult. However, I will argue that this sense of certainty is primarily located in the implicit presuppositions beneath inherently fluid action and relationship language that can often be expressed through metaphors of movement and proximity. This article analyses such metaphors in testimonials produced by Muslim and Christian converts and argues that they exhibit varying patterns of emphasis. These include a focus on a relationship with God derived from the language of intimate human relationships in the Christian testimonials, as compared to a focus on a personal journey of research and reflection in the Muslim testimonials. I will conclude by arguing that an awareness of particular individual or community patterns of emphasis in the action and relationship language of conservative believers may help those outside these communities establish points of personal connection. These points of connection may in turn contribute to the possibility of successful, mutually stimulating co-existence.
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Sankova, Svetlana M., and Nikolay I. Krizhanovsky. "Conservative Aesthetics in the Context of M.O. Menshikov's Worldview1." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 64 (June 30, 2021): 291–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2021-0-1-291-310.
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In the present work the concept of “conservative aesthetics” is analyzed for the first time in Russian historiography and the significance of this phenomenon for understanding the originality of European, American and Russian traditional culture, as well as its essential role in opposing destructive postmodern tendencies in the life of society is shown. This concept is interpreted from the historical, cultural and socio-philosophical aspects. On the basis of the domestic and foreign conservatives’ ideas, the authors of the article propose a number of theses characterizing «conservatism» as ideological attitude and show its interpretation in the sphere of aesthetic perception of the world. Special emphasis was placed on the similarity of a number of features of conservative aesthetics in Russian, English and American historical traditions. The revealed characteristics of the conservative view of the world through the prism of aesthetics were used to show additional facets of the philosophical heritage of the outstanding Russian publicist of the late 19th – early 20th centuries Mikhail Osipovich Menshikov.
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Marchwiński, Grzegorz. "„Wsłuchać się w nieskończoną opowieść o Polsce”. Dyskurs smoleński „Gazety Polskiej”." Sprawy Narodowościowe, no. 40 (February 15, 2022): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sn.2012.012.
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“The never-ending Polish story”: The Smolensk Discourse of Gazeta PolskaThe author analyzes articles published in Gazeta Polska after the plane crash that caused death of President Lech Kaczynski and other senior Polish officials in Smolensk in 2010. The Smolensk discourse in Gazeta Polska is structured with specific rhetoric strategies and anthropological categories. It is based on an antinomy of “everyman” versus “elites”. Furthermore, it brings some light to the importance and meaning of the rituals and symbolic sphere in public life. In reference to the traditions of the Polish nineteenth-century approaches, it affects a reader with consistent interpretations and worldviews. The Smolensk discourse is so persuasive also due to certain literary techniques as well as creating a sense of continuity that replaces the cultural rupture. Cultural rupture, however, is a fundamental category that organizes the Smolensk narration in Gazeta Polska and, to some extent, a Polish conservative discourse in general.
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Skvortsova, E. "Japanese Thinker Kato Hiroyuki’s Views on State and Society." Oriental Courier, no. 3 (2022): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s268684310023716-5.
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The paper focuses on the legacy of the Japanese thinker Kato Hiroyuki. The views of the academics on the state and society are analyzed. The author emphasizes that Kato was an adherent of social evolutionism and social Darwinism while postulating the need for social solidarity, which also reflected such traditional national worldviews as the ideas of Shintoism and Confucianism. It is pointed out that the penetration of Western educational ideology into Japan coincided with the impact of various socio-evolutionary schools on the minds of the local intelligentsia. This is demonstrated by the example of Kato Hiroyuki, who smoothly moved from the assimilation of the ideas of the French Enlightenment to social evolutionism. The article concludes that the leaders of Japanese sociological science, which was mainly formed in the depths of the struggle for “natural rights”, came from moderately conservative strata. From the very beginning of its existence, Japanese sociology has been closely connected with the ruling circles of its country, in fact, simply fulfilling the government’s social order.
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Miller, Alyson. "A Digital Revolution? Insiders, Outsiders, and the “Disruptive Potential” of Instapoetry." arcadia 56, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arcadia-2021-9029.
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Abstract Whilst frequently dismissed as “cliché, banal, derivative, portentous, repetitive, and manipulative” (Hodgkinson), offering little other than “fidget-spinner” distractions to appease the masses (Roberts), Instapoetry is a slippery, intricate mode. The simplicity of its aesthetic belies its complex political manoeuvrings, marked by an imperative towards a progressive ideology that contests the sexism and racism of dominant culture. Indeed, despite its “byte-sized” accessibility (Bresge), Instapoetry is deceptive, evoking discourses of ‘outsiderness’ that locate the genre within an often-problematic logic of rebellion. Examining black feminist Instapoets such as Aja Monet, Yrsa Daley-Ward, and Nayyirah Waheed, as well as ‘superstars’ of the genre, including Rupi Kaur, Atticus, and Nikita Gill, this paper argues that there is a persistent disjuncture between the extra-textual commentary surrounding Instapoetry, particularly by way of interviews and artistic statements, and the content of works which repeatedly reinscribe conservative, patriarchal, and heteronormative worldviews. Whilst the pithy convenience of new media poetries has undoubtedly helped magnify oppressed voices and perspectives, it has also, more cynically, fostered an insistence on universality that erases complexity and difference in the (largely aesthetic) interests of harmony, and the appeasement of both dominant and minority cultures.
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Ashkenazi, Ofer. "Prisoners’ fantasies in Weimar film." Journal of European Studies 39, no. 3 (September 2009): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047244109106683.
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Prison cells constituted a unique sphere in post-World War I German films. Unlike most of the modern city spheres, it was a realm in which the private and the public often merged, and in which reality and fantasy incessantly intertwined. This article analyses the ways in which filmmakers of the Weimar Republic envisaged the experience within the prison, focusing on its frequent association with fantasies and hallucinations. Through the analysis of often-neglected films from the period, I argue that this portrayal of the prison enabled Weimar filmmakers to engage in public criticism against the conservative, inefficient and prejudiced institutions of law and order in Germany. Since German laws forbade direct defamation of these institutions, filmmakers such as Joe May, Wilhelm Dietherle and Georg C. Klaren employed the symbolism of the prisoner’s fantasy to propagate the urgent need for thorough reform. Thus this article suggests that Weimar cinema, contrary to common notions, was not dominated by either escapism or extremist, anti-liberal worldviews. Instead, the prison films examined in this article are in fact structured as a warning against the decline of liberal bourgeois society in the German urban centres of the late 1920s.
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Lubkov, Alexey Vladimirovich. "Peter Chaadayev and Michael Katkov: stereotypes and contradictions of images." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 1002–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-4-1002-1017.
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This article discusses the complex dialectics between the conservative and the liberal trends in the development of Russia´s socio-political thinking; it does so by studying the worldviews of Peter Chaadaev and Michael Katkov. What makes this issue relevant is the circumstance that the present generations of Russians are searching for their national identity, an identity that has practically been lost in the current circumstances of cultural degradation, of decreasing cultural values in the society, and of shifting meanings. The author compares the conceptions of Russian thinkers and public figures and focuses on the main facts and factors that determined the search for the national identity of social thought in Russia in the 19th century. Considering the methodology of the issue, the author comes to conclusion that it is necessary to turn away from the dichotomy towards an integration, and towards an understanding of the complex and controversial world of an individual in the non-linear movement of history. The task that the present paper formulates is to understand the new logic of the development of socio-political thought in nineteenth-century Russia not on the basis of the traditional contradistinction of the conservative and liberal ideologies, but through the synthesis of their positive principles in the historical context. The author sees the link and succession of the conceptual provisions of Peter Chaadaev and Michael Katkov. The ideology unites various institutions and systems, the individual and the people into a whole, facing the challenges of the country´s modernization. As a result, the well-known formula - autocracy, Orthodoxy, populism (narodnost´) - makes a deep semantic meaning, in close linkage with the original spiritual tradition of collectivity (sobornost´) and spiritual and moral values.
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Amirdabbaghian, Amin, and Krishnavanie Shunmugam. "The Translator’s Ideology: A Study of Three Persian Translations of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Lebende Sprachen 64, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2019-0001.
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Abstract The ideology and worldviews of a community may be shifted and modified through social changes brought about by political upheavals. In a country like Iran, the Islamic revolution (1979/80) has played a major role in re-shaping the ideology of the governing body which among many other things involves modifications in the language policy. After the revolution, Persian speakers were encouraged to be more conservative in their use of language. As a result, those who tended to produce discourse which was more conservative and Islam-oriented became more popular and respected among the Iranian people. Ideology is one of the major factors which influences the manipulation of language use in translation. Prefaces and introductions which form the paratexts to a translated product often contain expressions of a translator’s ideology, and this usually manifests itself in the translation product. This study aims to describe the ideological impact of the social situation both in the pre- and post-revolutionary era in Iran on translations of George Orwell’s famous political novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) into Persian. This study will, therefore, compare the prefaces in three Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which were produced before and after the 1979 Iranian Islamic Revolution. The three Persian translations are by Mehdi Bahremand (1976), Zhila Sazegar (1980) and Saleh Hosseini (1982). This study employs Farahzad’s (2012) second dimension of the three-dimensional translation criticism model i. e. paratextual analysis alongside Lefevere’s (1992) theory of manipulation to investigate some of the lexical differences that manifest themselves in the pre-and post-revolutionary Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which reflect the personal ideologies of the three Persian translators as explicitly or implicitly expressed in their prefaces.
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Andreeva, Tatiana V. "The Origins of Conservative Ideology in Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 4 (2022): 1384–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.419.
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The review is devoted to the analysis of the book “Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries. Russian Conservative Thought and Politics in the Reign of Alexander I” by the famous American historian Alexander Martin dedicated to the history of Russian conservatism in the first quarter of the 19th century. The author explores the process of formation of conservative ideology in politics, Russian social thought, culture, and also reveals its origins, defines features that are distinctive from the liberal doctrine. Against the broad background of the political and cultural life of Russia at that time, the complex relationship of various systems of conservative ideology is shown. It is demonstrated that the religious conservatism of such prominent defenders of Catholicism and Orthodoxy as Mestre and Sturdza, the clash of their opposite positions, disputes about the historical fate and civilizational purpose of Christianity, as well as the romantic nationalism of A. S. Shishkov and S. N. Glinka and the noble conservatism of N. M. Karamzin and F. V. Rostopchin reflected the search for new forms of anti-revolutionary conservative worldview. The position of Alexander Martin is especially noteworthy in relation to the significant contribution of conservative thinkers of Alexander's reign to the formation of state policy in the interests of Russia, the formation of the foundations of civil society, the development of national identity, Russian culture and language. The author comes to a reasonable conceptual conclusion that although the early conservatives did not develop a single ideology, they laid the foundation for various forms of Russian conservatism in the second quarter of the 19th – early 20th centuries.
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Ubilava, Irakli, Avtandil Tukvadze, and Valerian Dolidze. "Globalization and post-pandemic world order: place of Georgia in transformative international system." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 01050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219201050.
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Research background: Many scenarios of organization of the international system of the post-pandemic era has been formulated. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is the prediction one of these scenarios using simulation analysis of the situation which will be formed after the economic and political crises caused by COVID 19 and the determination the place of Georgia in post-pandemic globalized order. Methods: structural-functional analysis, geopolitical approach and simulation analyses. Findings & Value added: In the post-pandemic world the globalization will weaken and the role of nation states will increase. In this situation, for states with great military potentials, the establishment of military strategic and political control over countries rich in natural resources and raw materials and also those favorable for transit will gain great importance. One of such regions is the southern Caucasus and Georgia, which has a nodal geographic position. The likely restructuring of the world system caused by theoretical and paradigmatic revisionism of world politics will force Georgia to rethink its place in the system of geopolitical relations in the region to ensure national security and stable democratic development. In this situation polarized worldviews of generations (Orthodox, conservative versus liberal and democratic) will produce two-party system. One of these parties will be oriented to the west and another to Russia. Such party system will ensure the functioning of the security system based on a balanced foreign policy.
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McCrea, Rod, Zoe Leviston, Iain Walker, and Tung-Kai Shyy. "Climate Change Beliefs Count: Relationships With Voting Outcomes at the 2010 Australian Federal Election." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 3, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 124–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i1.376.
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Climate change is a political as well as an environmental issue. Climate change beliefs are commonly associated with voting behaviour, but are they associated withswingsin voting behaviour? The latter are arguably more important for election outcomes. This paper investigates the predictive power of these beliefs on voting swings at the 2010 Australian federal election after controlling for a range of other related factors (demographic characteristics of voters, different worldviews about nature and the role of government, and the perceived opportunity cost of addressing climate change). Drawing on data from two nationally representative surveys of voters and data from the Australian Electoral Commission, this paper investigates relationships between climate change beliefs and voting swings at both the individual and electorate levels. At an individual level, a hypothetical 10% change in climate change beliefs was associated with a 2.6% swing from a conservative Coalition and a 2.0% swing toward Labor and 1.7% toward the Greens party, both left on the political spectrum. At the electorate level, this equates to a shift of 21 seats between the two main political parties (the Coalition and Labor) in Australia’s 150 seat parliament, after allocating Green preferences. Given many seats are marginal, even modest shifts in climate change beliefs can be associated with changes in electoral outcomes. Thus, climate change is expected to remain a politically contested issue in countries like Australia where political parties seek to distinguish themselves, in part, by their responses to climate change.
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Marshall, Albert, Karen F. Beazley, Jessica Hum, shalan joudry, Anastasia Papadopoulos, Sherry Pictou, Janet Rabesca, Lisa Young, and Melanie Zurba. "“Awakening the sleeping giant”: re-Indigenization principles for transforming biodiversity conservation in Canada and beyond." FACETS 6 (January 1, 2021): 839–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0083.
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Precipitous declines in biodiversity threaten planetary boundaries, requiring transformative changes to conservation. Colonial systems have decimated species and ecosystems and dispossessed Indigenous Peoples of their rights, territories, and livelihoods. Despite these challenges, Indigenous-governed lands retain a large proportion of biodiversity-rich landscapes. Indigenous Peoples have stewarded the land in ways that support people and nature in respectful relationship. Biodiversity conservation and resurgence of Indigenous autonomies are mutually compatible aims. To work towards these aims requires significant transformation in conservation and re-Indigenization. Key to both are systems that value people and nature in all their diversity and relationships. This paper introduces Indigenous principles for re-Indigenizing conservation: ( i) embracing Indigenous worldviews of ecologies and M’sɨt No’kmaq, ( ii) learning from Indigenous languages of the land, ( iii) Natural laws and Netukulimk, ( iv) correct relationships, ( v) total reflection and truth, ( vi) Etuaptmumk—“two-eyed seeing,” and “strong like two people”, and ( vii) “story-telling/story-listening”. Although the principles derive primarily from a Mi’kmaw worldview, many are common to diverse Indigenous ways of knowing. Achieving the massive effort required for biodiversity conservation in Canada will entail transformations in worldviews and ways of thinking and bold, proactive actions, not solely as means but as ongoing imperatives.
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Orr, Margaret, Alan Stewart, and Andrew Grundstein. "Investigating Connections between Need for Cognitive Closure and Climate Change Concern in College Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 5619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155619.
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Understanding how people’s worldviews and individual personality differences affect their thinking about anthropogenic climate change is critical to communication efforts regarding this issue. This study surveyed University of Georgia students to investigate the role that need for cognitive closure plays in level of climate change worry. The relationship between these two was found to involve suppression—a subset of mediation—by the social dimension of political conservatism. Political conservatism was also found to play a mediating role in the relationship between need for cognitive closure and support for governmental and personal climate solutions. However, social conservatism played this mediator role in women, and functioned as a suppressor for men. These findings help inform audience segmentation and creation of climate-related messages based on audience worldview and personality.
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Whitehead, Jason E. "TOOL OR LENS? WORLDVIEW THEORY AND CHRISTIAN CONSERVATIVE LEGAL ACTIVISM." Journal of Law and Religion 36, no. 1 (February 24, 2021): 29–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2020.58.
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AbstractThis article combines historical and philosophical analysis to examine and critique the ideas motivating Christian conservative legal activism. Such activists routinely claim to be motivated by a Christian worldview, which they define as a comprehensive explanation of reality that determines all their thinking and action, including their legal activism and argumentation. Examination of the historical and philosophical roots of the concept of worldview identified by Christian thinkers reveals two understandings of the concept: an analytic tool for rationally comparing the evidence for different social philosophies, and a pre-theoretical lens that determines what counts as evidence in the first place. Christian conservatives have largely favored the first sense of worldview as a tool to understand issues like sexuality and gender identity in an essentialist way and to demonstrate with foundationalist logic the rational superiority of their legal conclusions about these issues. However, a comparison of the Christian conservative worldview and the queer theory worldview illustrates how this understanding of worldview as a tool fails because there is no neutral perspective outside of any worldview, from which one could examine and compare one to another. The idea of worldview as a pre-theoretical, historically, and socially contingent lens can be more productive. Embracing this notion of worldview in a personalist way is necessary to build a culture of dialogue that uses narrative to pursue the truth while also respecting and honoring the different perspectives from which these narratives are told.
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Baradaran Ghahfarokhi, Mohammadali, Ali Mohaghar, and Fatemeh Saghafi. "The futures of the University of Tehran using causal layered analysis." foresight 20, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 393–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-01-2018-0001.
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PurposeHigher education and universities have faced unprecedented and ubiquitous changes. The University of Tehran or “UT,” as the leading university in Iran, is not immune to these changes. The purposes of this study is to investigate the current situation and future of the UT and gain insights and possible responses to changes that suit its strengths and potential to progress in an increasingly competitive, complex environment with uncertainties. It identifies deep fundamental underpinnings of the issue and highlights them for policymakers to formulate strategies and future vision of the UT.Design/methodology/approachCausal layered analysis (CLA) was applied as a framework and the data collected from different sources such as literature reviews, content analysis of rules, regulations and master plans of the university and coded interviews of four different groups of university stakeholders were analyzed. The current system of UT, as well as hidden beliefs, that maintains traditional perceptions about university was mapped. Next, by applying a new recursive process and reverse CLA order, new CLA layers extracted through an expert panel, the layers of CLA based on new metaphors to envision future of UT were backcasted.FindingsThe results from CLA layers including litany, system, worldview and metaphor about the current statue of UT show disinterest and inertia against changes, conservative, behind the times and traditional perceptions, and indicate that the UT system is mismatched to the needs of society and stakeholders in the future. The authors articulated alternative perspectives deconstructed from other worldviews so there are new narratives that reframe the issues at hand. The results show that to survive in this fast-paced revolution and competition in higher education, UT should develop scenarios and formulate new strategies.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors had limited access to a wide range of stakeholders. As the UT is a very big university with so many faculties and departments, to access a pool of experts and top policymakers who were so busy and did not have time to interview inside and outside of university was very hard for the research team. The authors also had limitation to access the internal enactments and decisions of the trustee board of the UT and the financial balance sheets of the university.Originality/valueIn this paper, by mixing different methods of futures studies, the authors have shown how to move forward while understanding the perspectives of stakeholders about the future of UT by a new recursive process and reverse CLA order. A supplementary phase was added to improve CLA and to validate the method and results, which were ignored in previous studies.
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Lacroix, Karine, and Robert Gifford. "Psychological Barriers to Energy Conservation Behavior: The Role of Worldviews and Climate Change Risk Perception." Environment and Behavior 50, no. 7 (June 23, 2017): 749–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916517715296.
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We proposed and tested a conceptual model of how cultural cognition worldviews, climate change risk perception, and psychological barriers are related to reported energy conservation behavior frequency. Egalitarian and communitarian worldviews were correlated with heightened climate change risk perception, and egalitarian worldviews were correlated with weaker perceived barriers to reported energy conservation behavior. Heightened climate change risk perception was, in turn, associated with fewer perceived barriers to engagement in energy conservation behavior and more reported energy conservation behaviors. The relation between cultural worldviews and perceived barriers was partly mediated by climate change risk perception. Individuals with distinct worldviews perceived psychological barriers differently, and some barrier components were more strongly related to energy conservation behavior than others. Overall, climate change risk perception was the strongest predictor of perceived barriers and of energy conservation behavior frequency. Future efforts should focus on reducing the psychological barriers to energy conservation behavior identified in this study.
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Maslin, Mikhail A., and Alena A. Volkonskaya. "Russian Conservative Romanticism Concept of Andrzej Walicki." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 58 (August 1, 2020): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-2-450-455.
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The present article gives a review of the book “In the Circle of Conservative Utopia. Structure and Metamorphoses of Russian Slavophilism” by the world-known historian of Russian thought and member of the Polish Academy of Sciences Andrzej Walicki, that was published in Russian translation one year before the death of its author. The book is based on the original author’s conception of Russian conservatism reflecting the national peculiarities of Russian philosophy in the 18th and 19th centuries. According to Walicki, the essence of conservatism consists not in the legitimism and protection of the existing social and state order, but in the certain worldview and thinking style that oppose liberalism and rationalistic philosophy of the Enlightenment represented as various concepts of conservative philosophic romanticism. Those concepts were reflected in the ideas of the Slavophils A. Grigoriev, V. Odoevsky, K. Leontiev, A. Herzen, V. Soloviev and others.
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Guseynov, Abdusalam A. "«Conservative worldview should not be moulded into «ism»." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/2409-2517-2014-1-70-73.
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Moriak-Protopopova, Khrystyna. "CHRISTIAN VALUES AS BASIC VALUES OF 1743 CODE (SELECTED ASPECTS)." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Law 73, no. 73 (November 30, 2021): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vla.2021.73.044.
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The article presents justifications that law and religion are social regulators which aim is to create rules of human behavior in a socially heterogeneous society. Their functions are, to some extent, similar and, consequently, mutual influence of law on religion and religion on law is inevitable (however, it is felt less and less in Europe in 21st century). In the middle of the 18th century the influence of religion on law was especially noticeable and, as a result, Christian values became the basis of normative acts. Thus, we have tried to identify some Christian values implemented as a basis for 1743 Code, the most perfect and general law codification of Hetmanate. Detailed studying of the legal document under analysis allowed us to conclude that provisions of canon law with Christian values in it were included into the 1743 Code not by accident. The combination of two states in the Hetmanate, Cossack-noble and clerical, could have led to the fact that secular commission members’ views were formed under a significant influence of Christianity, whereas church representatives’ views were less conservative. Most of them were knowledgeable at current state and canonical law. Thus, there is the evidence of direct influence of Christianity on the Hetmanate right (in spite no references to the sources of canon law in 1743 Code). The composition of the committee and Cossacks’ worldviews indicate preservation of traditional inclination of contemporary law to strengthen Christianity (Orthodox rite) as a dominant religion in the state. It has been proved that, taking into consideration historical period, composition of the committee and traditional contemporary ideas, values mentioned in the article were Christian ones for Cossacks officers and clergy of the Hetmanate (including authors of the Code). It has been revealed that 1743 Code equally protected the oldest Christian values contained in Moses Pentateuch as well as their additions and modifications whose source was the New Testament. It has been noted that medieval cruelty and intolerance confronted New Age humanism in the Code. The topic under study needs both further investigation and comprehension of the Christian legal tradition in general. Its further exploration will allow to characterize and understand the whole complex of possible impacts of Christianity on law, namely law of the Hetmanate.
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Shcherbakova, Galina I. "The Image of Peter the Great in the Context of Progress Metaphysics – Russian Conservative Social and Political Journalism Opinion." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 3 (July 30, 2022): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2022-0-3-109-122.
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The article examines the views of the 19th-century Russian publicists, who professed a conservative ideology, on the image of Peter the Great in the context of the metaphysics of reforms. The role of conservatives in the public space of the 19th century remains poorly explored, as well as the following issues: how, in what form and to what extent the conservatives allowed progress; whether the conservative worldview meant refusal to move forward; what the movement forward implied for the conservatives. The article also explores the question of the historical conditionality of Peter's desire to integrate Russia into Europe, what measures and what changes the people were ready to support, and which they did not accept. The author consistently analyzes the complication of the position of conservative publicists with the development of the political processes in Russia after the liberation of the peasants. The author compares the similarities and differences of the views of such publicists as Karamzin, Uvarov, Meshchersky, Katkov and Dostoevsky, establishes the continuity of positions and explains the existing contradictions. The specific nature of the journalistic image, reflecting reality in a specific way, as well as the ideology of the writers, are taken into account. In addition, individual creative features and abilities of the publicists are taken into account. In conclusion, the author outlines the prospects of further studies, involving the speeches of the writers and religious philosophers in the pre-revolutionary era, when the impossibility of peaceful resolution of political, economic and cultural contradictions in the country became obvious.
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Peng, Yilang. "The ideological divide in public perceptions of self-driving cars." Public Understanding of Science 29, no. 4 (May 2020): 436–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662520917339.
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Applications in artificial intelligence such as self-driving cars may profoundly transform our society, yet emerging technologies are frequently faced with suspicion or even hostility. Meanwhile, public opinions about scientific issues are increasingly polarized along the ideological line. By analyzing a nationally representative panel in the United States, we reveal an emerging ideological divide in public reactions to self-driving cars. Compared with liberals and Democrats, conservatives and Republicans express more concern about autonomous vehicles and more support for restrictively regulating autonomous vehicles. This ideological gap is largely driven by social conservatism. Moreover, both familiarity with driverless vehicles and scientific literacy reduce respondents’ concerns over driverless vehicles and support for regulation policies. Still, the effects of familiarity and scientific literacy are weaker among social conservatives, indicating that people may assimilate new information in a biased manner that promotes their worldviews.
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Smith, Thomas Aneurin. "Witchcraft, spiritual worldviews and environmental management: Rationality and assemblage." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 3 (October 22, 2016): 592–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x16674723.
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This article interrogates the interrelationship between witchcraft, spiritual worldviews and environmental management. Drawing on diverse literatures from anthropology, conservation science and geography, this article explores how witchcraft and spiritual worldviews have been rationalised in order to explain their continued significance, for society as a whole and for the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity specifically. Using an assemblage framework, this article examines how the agencies of spirits and witches are entangled with other social and material entities, drawing on examples from three communities in Tanzania. It argues that thinking through assemblage allows the agentic capacities of spirits and witchcraft to be recognised, whilst also acknowledging their inseparability from other expressive and material components of assemblages, including social organisation and more-than-human actors. Finally, this article turns to evidence for the deterritorialisation, or breaking apart, of these assemblages around spiritual worldviews and witchcraft, and considers their future role in local conservation.
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Wu, Huiying, Noam Levin, Leonie Seabrook, Ben Moore, and Clive McAlpine. "Mapping Foliar Nutrition Using WorldView-3 and WorldView-2 to Assess Koala Habitat Suitability." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030215.
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Conservation planning and population assessment for widely-distributed, but vulnerable, arboreal folivore species demands cost-effective mapping of habitat suitability over large areas. This study tested whether multispectral data from WorldView-3 could be used to estimate and map foliar digestible nitrogen (DigN), a nutritional measure superior to total nitrogen for tannin-rich foliage for the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). We acquired two WorldView-3 images (November 2015) and collected leaf samples from Eucalyptus woodlands in semi-arid eastern Australia. Linear regression indicated the normalized difference index using bands “Coastal” and “NIR1” best estimated DigN concentration (% dry matter, R2 = 0.70, RMSE = 0.19%). Foliar DigN concentration was mapped for multi-species Eucalyptus open woodlands across two landscapes using this index. This mapping method was tested on a WorldView-2 image (October 2012) with associated koala tracking data (August 2010 to November 2011) from a different landscape of the study region. Quantile regression showed significant positive relationship between estimated DigN and occurrence of koalas at 0.999 quantile (R2 = 0.63). This study reports the first attempt to use a multispectral satellite-derived spectral index for mapping foliar DigN at a landscape-scale (100s km2). The mapping method can potentially be incorporated in mapping and monitoring koala habitat suitability for conservation management.
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Rousselière, Geneviève. "Fénelon, a conservative mind?" European Journal of Political Theory 20, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 593–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14748851211002031.
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In his excellent new book, Hanley presents an engaging interpretation of Fénelon’s political thought as modern and moderate. While I salute the revival of the work of this important and forgotten author, and I concur with Hanley to see him as a courageous opponent of absolute monarchy, tyranny, and political corruption, I argue that Fénelon’s worldview was conservative, in the sense that he endorsed social hierarchy, rejected democracy, and ultimately praised subjection to God rather than reason.
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Trošt, Tamara, and Denis Marinšek. "Social Class and Ethnocentric Worldviews." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 55, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 39–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/j.postcomstud.2022.55.2.39.
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The link between socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnocentric worldviews is well established in the literature, with countless studies showing the effect of SES on a variety of attitudes, preferences, lifestyles, and behaviors. This literature has been revisited in recent studies on the resurgence of the Far Right, with claims of the rise of “working-class populism,” according to which the working class is more likely to identify with right-wing and populist claims. In the post-Yugoslav context, along with the turbulent socioeconomic and political transformation from socialism, research has also shown that “everyday” people’s understandings of themselves and of others are very much stratified by education, occupational status, urban/rural residence, and region, pointing to a marked effect of SES on civic/ethnic identification, attachment to Europe, ethnic exclusivism, and gender/sexual conservatism. Yet, the nature of the link between socioeconomic status and nationalist attitudes is still insufficiently understood. In this article, we go beyond the traditional focus on cultural explanations, instead relying on cross-sectional quantitative survey data to shed light on important class differences in worldviews of people living in Croatia and Serbia. We find that education remains the most robust predictor of nationalist attitudes, while age, gender, income, and religiosity matter to various degrees. We conclude with a discussion on the continuing importance of SES in understanding ethnocentric worldviews, from Brexit and Trump to the former Yugoslavia.
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Kravchenko, I. G., Yu S. Rudyk, O. O. Medentseva, and M. E. Chernenok. "Conservative therapy of chronic heart failure: glyflosins destroy the worldview." Clinical pharmacy 24, no. 2 (June 3, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/cphj.20.1525.
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Martynov, Mihail, and D. Serdyukov. "The concept of worldview in the public discourse of a crisis society." Journal of Political Research 6, no. 3 (October 14, 2022): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2022-6-3-52-68.
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The subject of the article is the peculiarities of the formation of the worldview of Russians in a crisis society and their reflection in public discourse. The method used was content analysis of newspaper and journalistic texts from 2012 to June 30, 2022 using the information and analytical system "Medialogia". The study confirmed the increase in the volume of positive connotations of the "worldview-ideology" dichotomy in publications. At the same time, traditional values, as well as trust in the authorities, manifested in the "Crimean" and "Donbass" consensuses, are beginning to occupy an increasing place in the worldview. This feature is the subject of acute controversy between the authors of the liberal and conservative positions. The article offers a conceptual explanation of this discussion. Despite ideological differences, both points of view exaggerate the role of ideology in the construction of ideological discourses. The authors of the article propose a concept of interpretation of the relationship between ideology and worldview. The uniqueness of human consciousness makes the concept of "common values" a convention. But this is a necessary convention that sets the community, without which the worldview is impossible. And the essence of ideology, interpreted as the ability to form universal judgments, lies in the creation of such a convention. The commonality of these judgments is ensured by the similarity of the position in the social space, in the system of public relations. The specifics of the social environment explains such features of the worldview as conservatism and support for the authorities. The theoretical contribution consists in clarifying the semantic content of the concept "worldview", its epistemological scope and relationship with the category "ideology". The practical contribution lies in the inclusion of a scientific circulation of the results of an empirical study of public discourse, which makes it possible to draw analytical conclusions and build predictive models in the strategy and tactics of political management.
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Gray, Patrick, Justin Ridge, Sarah Poulin, Alexander Seymour, Amanda Schwantes, Jennifer Swenson, and David Johnston. "Integrating Drone Imagery into High Resolution Satellite Remote Sensing Assessments of Estuarine Environments." Remote Sensing 10, no. 8 (August 10, 2018): 1257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081257.
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Very high-resolution satellite imagery (≤5 m resolution) has become available on a spatial and temporal scale appropriate for dynamic wetland management and conservation across large areas. Estuarine wetlands have the potential to be mapped at a detailed habitat scale with a frequency that allows immediate monitoring after storms, in response to human disturbances, and in the face of sea-level rise. Yet mapping requires significant fieldwork to run modern classification algorithms and estuarine environments can be difficult to access and are environmentally sensitive. Recent advances in unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS, or drones), coupled with their increased availability, present a solution. UAS can cover a study site with ultra-high resolution (<5 cm) imagery allowing visual validation. In this study we used UAS imagery to assist training a Support Vector Machine to classify WorldView-3 and RapidEye satellite imagery of the Rachel Carson Reserve in North Carolina, USA. UAS and field-based accuracy assessments were employed for comparison across validation methods. We created and examined an array of indices and layers including texture, NDVI, and a LiDAR DEM. Our results demonstrate classification accuracy on par with previous extensive fieldwork campaigns (93% UAS and 93% field for WorldView-3; 92% UAS and 87% field for RapidEye). Examining change between 2004 and 2017, we found drastic shoreline change but general stability of emergent wetlands. Both WorldView-3 and RapidEye were found to be valuable sources of imagery for habitat classification with the main tradeoff being WorldView’s fine spatial resolution versus RapidEye’s temporal frequency. We conclude that UAS can be highly effective in training and validating satellite imagery.
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Jupiter, Stacy. "Culture, kastom and conservation in Melanesia: what happens when worldviews collide?" Pacific Conservation Biology 23, no. 2 (2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc16031.
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Melanesia is one of the most biologically and culturally diverse regions on earth, yet its species and ecosystems are fundamentally threatened by rapidly growing and modernising populations that drive increased demands for natural resource extraction. Despite good intentions, many conservation projects in Melanesia have not succeeded, largely due to a failure on the part of researchers and practitioners to understand underlying differences between western and indigenous worldviews and issues surrounding land and marine tenure arrangements. Learning from these failures is critical in order to improve odds for future project effectiveness and sustainability. Here I present lessons from attempts across Melanesia at establishing protected areas, conservation agreements, ecotourism initiatives and research-action arenas. These showcase challenges and conflicts when worldviews collide and opportunities that arise when mutual expectations are clarified early on during planning processes. Factors that contribute to more successful outcomes include: respecting international protocols for free, prior and informed consent; co-creating research and management agendas with local communities; clearly articulating realistic expected benefits; and establishing locally perceived equitable and transparent benefits sharing mechanisms.
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Carman, María, and Victoria González Carman. "Going beyond diverse worldviews for conservation: response to Kohler et al." Conservation Biology 34, no. 1 (January 8, 2020): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13439.
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Whitehead, Jason E. "TOOL OR LENS? WORLDVIEW THEORY AND CHRISTIAN CONSERVATIVE LEGAL ACTIVISM—CORRIGENDUM." Journal of Law and Religion 36, no. 1 (April 2021): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2021.13.
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