Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conservatisme – Russie – 19e siècle'
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Pantina, Marina. "Joseph de Maistre dans la vie intellectuelle russe : étude de la réception et de l’héritage du philosophe." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUL093.pdf.
Full textThe thesis on the intellectual reception of Joseph de Maistre in Russia is part of interdisciplinary studies. Oriented towards French literature, the history of ideas, and Slavic studies, it delves into the career of the Sardinian philosopher from his arrival in the Russian capital in 1803. A man of letters and a diplomat, he forged connections at the court of Alexander I, in the salons, through correspondence, and by sharing his works to selected readers. To analyze this period, two correspondences were chosen: with R. Sturdza and S. Uvarov. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the reception of Maistrian thought in Russia after his departure in 1817. Indeed, he influenced both Westernist philosophers, such as P. Chaadaev and V. Soloviev, who appreciated his Catholic and European thought, and the Slavophiles and traditionalists who sought a foundation for their conservative thinking in his ideas, like K. Leontiev. The third part of the thesis is devoted to the reception of Maistre in the 20th century, especially after the Russian Revolution of 1917. His counter-revolutionary thought took center stage and inspired the philosophers forced to leave their homeland, especially N. Berdyaev, who frequently cited Maistre. This reception is distinct in its blending of Joseph de Maistre's ideas with other, later concepts characteristic of 20th-century thought. The final chapter of the thesis discusses the publishing history of Maistre in the USSR, abruptly halted in the late 1930s. Focused on the reception of conservative thought, the thesis raises the question of the sources of neo-conservatism that currently dominates the Russian political field
Laruelle, Marlène. "Le mythe aryen en Russie au XIXe siècle : la création d'une cosmogonie nationale, entre science et idéologie." Paris, INALCO, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAL0012.
Full textOur analysis is at the junction of two disciplines : the history of ideas and the study of a cultural area, that is Russia. We try to illustrate how Human sciences were the ideological vectors in the XIXth century and to affirm the importance of the Aryan theme as a matrix of the Russian discourse about identity. The Russian Aryan myth in the XIXth century was a matrix of the Russian discourse about identity. The Russian Aryan myth in the XIXth century was a romantic myth searching the origins, the discursive meeting space between the national feeling and social sciences as archaeology, philology and history. The Aryanist argument is indeed the only one which offers Russia a genealogy of the nation on its territory and legitimises its imperial expansion. The Aryan myth also permits to enter a complex problematic : the history of the so-called 'right wing' thought, and especially of conservatism ; the difficult acceptance of the idea of race in Russia ; the specificities of Russian colonialism and orientalism. There are the three main axes of reflection : 1. The Aryan myth is first a corpus of theoretical postulates on the nation and its so-called constituent elements (language, religion, race, territory, etc. In specific combinations and exclusions). 2. It then offers this nation a new cosmogony about the question of origins : genealogical reasoning, historic filiations, near or distant imaginary spaces to be connected with. 3. It is finally a discursive mode on the colonial experience, an intellectual recognition of the advance of the Russian Empire in the name of the return in the Aryan homeland
Lassus, Isabelle de. "Pradel de Lamaze, un gentilhomme français émigré, précepteur en Russie au début du XIXe siècle : une expérience interculturelle." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0138.
Full textAt the origin of this thesis is the discovery in private archives of 400 letters written by a gentleman originally from Limousin who left for Russia at the beginning of the 19th century to practice the profession of preceptor with the Russian aristocracy. These educators were numerous to emigrate to Russia from the reign of Catherine II at a time when the high nobility spoke French perfectly and was fond of French culture and education. Considered by historians as true cultural mediators, they helped to spread the literature of enlightenment and French civilization around them. By analyzing Pradel's correspondence, we sought to make a contribution to the work carried out over the last few years on these "ferrymen of culture". The first part traces the background that led this young man, promised before the Revolution to a brilliant career in holy orders, to emigrate during ten years with his family in Germany before exiling in Russia to help his parents ruined by the Revolution. The second part concerns his career in Russia, his role with his pupils and his place in this aristocracy, which he has never ceased to encounter. The last part concerns the links that the emigrant kept having with the Russians during his return in France, links which will endure until he dies in 1840. By making us enter into the intimacy of this "ordinary" gentleman, this micro-analysis should help us to identify the influence and cultural interactions that may have taken place between these private tutors and the aristocratie elite of Russia
Gontcharova, Tatiana. "La Russie vue par les diplomates français (1814-1848)." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4001.
Full textThe main concern of this work has been to analyse the image of the Russian Empire as expressed in the political correspondence sent from Saint-Petersburg by the French ambassadors there and other members of their staff. The first part is a description of the French diplomatic and consular network in Russia. It provides a biographical dictionary of all French agents involved. The second part gives an account of the ups and downs of the political relationship between the two powers, from two different points of view: the attempt of Russia to control French internal politics; and the converging or conflicting approach of both countries in international affairs, especially in the Middle east and South Eastern Europe. The last part reflects the views of our French diplomatic observers as to the hidden realities of the dreadful mysterious empire in the East. In the end, one might understand better what made it difficult for France and Russia to be friends at the time and why they were doomed to drift away from one another in the following period
Grandhaye, Julie. "La république des décembristes : pour une histoire de la modernité politique en Russie (1760-1870)." Paris 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00552299.
Full textFiller, André. "Anatomie d'un mythe national : la notion de la sobornost' dans la pensée russe (1850-1950)." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0089.
Full textThe thesis examines the history of the construction of a national russian myth. Sobornost' remains a key-notion of the russian thought. Since it's invention by the Slavophile movement it has occupied an important position in forming russian national identity. The term first appeared in the theological discourse and was gradually incorporated in the philosophical and social field. This study follows two directions : elaboration of a historical genealogy of the conept and demonstration of the mythological principles determining it's usage by the main figures of russian history of ideas (Khomiakov, S. Troubetskoï, Berdiaev, Boulgakov, Frank)
Chtchetkina-Rocher, Nadia. "La tentation de l'Orient dans la pensée russe : des préfigurations médiévales à la refiguration philosophique de la fin du XIXème et du début du XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30096.
Full textNeboit-Mombet, Janine. "L'image de la Russie dans le roman français (1859-1900)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20011.
Full textCariani, Gianni. "Une france russophile ? : découverte, réception, impact : la diffusion de la culture russe en france de 1881 a 1914." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR20025.
Full textFrom 1881 to 1914, a considerable russophile trend emerged and made his mark in france. This russophilia combined a dual dimension, both political and cultural. The spreading of the russian culture fit into this dynamic and was met with a favourable and overall lasting reception during the identity crisis which characterised the french society of the 1880s-1890s. There is no doubt that the use of the russian culture has been political. The formation of a russian cultural pole in france - in preparation of french public opinion for the franco-russian alliance -, contributed to the overstepping of the fragmentary and deficient picture of the russian empire which had dominated almost all the 19th century. The integration of the russian culture into the french cultural sphere is considerably indebted to the european diplomatic context. The russomania raging and overcoming france from 1886 to 1897 clearly shows that beyond the discovery of the great novelists, the stake was standing at the junction of political and cultural fields. The period 1898-1914 indicates that this ambiguous situation had been overcome. The political use of the russian culture disappeared to give way to a perception in which the work of art is grasped for itself, beyond the diplomatic context. The time of discovery - from 1881 to 1897 - was replaced by the time of acknowledgement - from 1898 to 1914. The interpretation of the russian culture in the last years was no more biased nor subjugated, but shows a diversity of judgements, a plurality of discursive reasoning. The time of acknowledgement was marked by global accessibility to the russian cultural sphere, viewed beyond a militant and proselyte use; renewing, moreover, the vision of the world which had been predominant until then, as attested by the evolution of the quarrel on nationalism and cosmopolitanism
Morozova, Tatiana. "Modernisation urbaine et transfert de technologies en Europe au XIXe siècle : la construction du Pont Troitski à Saint-Pétersbourg par la Société de construction des Batignolles à la fin du XIXe-début du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010528.
Full textRatchinski, André. "Les contacts idéologiques et culturels entre la France et la Russie (1800-1820)." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030077.
Full textFrom 1800 to 1820 there existed deep cultural and ideological relationships between france and russia. The military campaigns of napoleon and alexander have essentially ideological reasons that it is im portant to reveal if one wishes to understand the hidden causes and the lasting consequences of events that determined the future of europe. The period we studied was marked by a profound crisis of moral and intellectual values to which russia and france have both tried to find solutions through rich philosophical and religious exchanges. That spiritual effervescence gave birth to a certain form of romanticism which fluctuates between action and dream and in which decembrism has its origins
Mironenko-Marenkova, Irina. "Société et sainteté en France et en Russie au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0006.
Full textThe study of the two forms of holiness -the holy pilgrimage in France, if taken in the case of Benoît-Joseph Labre, and the Russian fools-in-Christ -reveals that the nineteenth century's orthodox and catholic hagiographies, describing the spiritual activity of those persons, use the same categories, inherited from ancient Christian lives: the humiliation, the devotion and the miracles of the saints. However, in the French and Russian societies the attitude toward these saints varies from devotion to scepticism and derision. The criticism toward these saints has a common : origin, the idea, dating back to the eighteenth century, of the public benefit from each human being, but it takes ; different forms in French and Russian societies. The B. -J. Labre's critics intend to refute the Catholic Church's authority, but the opponents of the Russian fools-in-Christ, on the contrary, try to protect the Orthodox Church from these vagabonds reputed as liars. The French state power stays hostile to the pilgrims like B. -J. Labre and, in the same manner, the Russian state authorities dislike the fools-in-Christ because of their uncontrolled character which is considered as a social danger. However, the Catholic Church used the canonization of Labre to consolidate its ascendancy and resist to the new philosophical ideas that conflict with the ancient Christian morality. The Russian Orthodox Church stayed passive in the Synodal period and didn't canonize any fools-in-Christ which cult remained on a local scale
Zidarič, Walter. "Aleksandr S. Dargomyžskij et son opéra La Rusalka." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0011.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the life and career of composer Alexander Dargomizhsky (1813-1869) at a time when Russian society was experiencing drastic changes. In the reign of Nicholas I, firstly, he participated in the fight led by Russian artists to give birth to a national music, thwarted by the tsarist censorship, the malevolent snobbery of the aristocracy, and the hegemony of western models. Then Alexander II's reign, characterised by its more conciliatory climate, enabled the emergence of a national musical culture which was to play a major role in Russian society and to trigger little by little an ideological battle against foreign interference. Rusalka (1856), third national opera after those by Glinka, was created in such a context. This opera, wrongly regarded as incomplete for so long, based upon one of Pushkin's plays, and whose libretto was written by the composer himself, is emblematic of the period
Meaux, Lorraine de. "L'Orient russe : représentations de l'Orient et identité russe du début du XIXe siècle à 1917." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010636.
Full textMusiyan, Leopold. "La rhétorique conservatrice du monde judiciaire américain durant l'âge doré." Montpellier 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON30033.
Full textIn the late nineteenth century, the legal elite used social darwinism of the sumner and spencer type as an integrative metaphor in a conservative-oriented rhetoric. But judges and lawyers alike borrowed from their own conceptual lore to vindicate capitalism. As the inheritors of an aristocratic ideal, they found it necessary, though, to persuade their contemporaries that their role as intermediaries was legitimate. Legal decisions gradually built up a firm barrier against progressive thought and economic paternalism. The life, liberty and property components of the fourteenth amendments figured prominently among the great working principles. Inspired by judges stephen field and david brewer, influenced by the writings of thomas cooley and christopher tiedeman, and under the pressure of events (labour unrest, industrial combinations, the pollock case), jurists also resorted to such concepts as natural rights, the freedom of enterprise and the freedom of contract. They believed in the merits of economic liberalism and most of all in law as an ideal world image
Poujol, Catherine. "Boukhara, Khiva, Kokand et la Russie de 1700 à 1840 : aspects d'un contact pré-colonial à travers l'expérience russe du voyage." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030033.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to examine the procedure of contact between the khanates of boukhara, khiva and kokand during the pre-colonial period. The first part is devoted to survey the local documentation and to present the russian corpus of travels and expeditions that will constitute the main basis for further analysis. After having described all the factors that determine the nature of the contact that will occured between russia and central asia, the attention will be focused on the setting of a tradition of a double mistrust between them. Did the ouzbek societies neglect the russian threat or did they clearly choose not to provide themselves the means for understanding it ? The russians had a chance to accumulate a unique experience about the central asian states before submitting them. Did the central asian populations learn something about the russians out of the pre-colonial contact ?
Mojenok, Tatiana. "Les peintres réalistes russes en France (1860-1900)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010664.
Full textLecanu, Anne. "L'image du Christ dans la peinture russe au XIXe siècle et dans la première moitié du XXe siècle." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040047.
Full textThe figure of the Christ in the russian painting of the XIXth painting and the first half of the XXth centuries becomes clear in the limits of the historian painting. Besides, iconographic bases ought to be changed into relation with the theoretic and formal changes which appeared during this period. The pictures of the Christ had to embody antagonist ideological stakes, which opposed autocratic power and members of the russian intelligentsia, confering metaphorical nature and divergent interpretations to pictures dedicated to the Christ
Leneman, Benjamin. "Le protectionnisme technologique : transfert de la technologie mécanique anglaise vers les Etats-unis et la Russie durant le XIXème siècle." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090023.
Full textThe impact of a technological protectionist policy on industrial development is illustrated by an historical case: the role of the english embargo on the industrialization, from, 1860 to 1913, of the present "super-powers" the U. S. And russia. The key innovations on mecanization emerged in the Lancashire cotton industry (1760-1840). An embargo on these technologies know-how and machinery - was instituted from 1785 to 1842. This embargo led, in a first stage, to a twenty years growth lag for russia as well as for the U. S. . But after 1860, to a paradox; it stimulated the growth of the U. S. . Country where the controls were the harsher. Therefore. A technological embargo should be assimilated to a rent which could be used by a country to retain its technological advance
Stanziani, Alessandro. "Discours et pratiques sociales de l'économie politique : économistes, bureaucrates et paysans à l'époque de la "grande transformation" en Russie, 1892-1930." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0031.
Full textThe dissertation is comprehensive of three main sections : the economic analysis; its use by the public administration; its consequences on the peasantry. Concerning the economic analysis i take into consideration the theories of the peasant economy, as well as the main categories of the economic discours: the individual, the market, the technique, the development. I also try to explain the social practises of the economic knowledge, i. E. Its use by the administration and by the agronomists working side by side with the peasants. In particular, i try to show how the specialists and the administrators try to impose their knowledge and their criteria of management on the peasantry
Leclère, Yvan. "L' appel de la Russie : les Vieux Croyants des territoires baltes de la russification à la soviétisation 1863-1953." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010657.
Full textSugiyama, Haruko. "Les Almanachs russes." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040039.
Full textZelvenskaïa, Anastas. "Le symbolisme pictural en Russie et en France (1890-1910) : interférences et affinités." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20020.
Full textThis work aims to trace a parallel between the pictorial Symbolism in Russia and in France during the years 1890s-1910s. It starts with a synthesis of the sources of knowledge (collections, exhibitions, periodicals), a summery of direct exchanges (artist's trips, contacts, collaboration) and a study of the critical fortune of several French painters (Moreau, Puvis de Chavannes, Carriere, Redon, Gauguin, Denis and the Nabis, the representatives of the idealist symbolism). After this documentary part follows an analysis of works of different Russian symbolist artists which have as a goal to detect the French contribution indicating at the same time the presence of other sources. The Abramtsevo circle, "The wold of art" group, the great solitary masters (Vroubel, Borrisov-Moussatov, Ciurlionis), the "The Blue Rose" group and the heralds of the XXth century art (Petrov-Vodkine, Malevitch, Kandisky)-these are the phenomena compared to the French Symbolism
Rosenthal, Anne-Marie. "Une image du juif dans la littérature russe du dix-neuvième siècle." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100125.
Full textThis thesis comes after a work published in 1982 : "antisemitism in russia" by anne-marie rosenthal (paris - presses universitaires de france) describing the conditions in which the jews lived in russia, conditions coming from their exceptional statute. Effectively, during centuries those exceptional laws changed them in a particular human group, in russia like in every catholicized coutry. This thesis starts from the fact that catholicism (became orthodoxy in russia) opened for the first time in that country a particular attitude ntowards the jews. The characteristics of the jews coming from their juridical situation, being explicable, do not have any interest for scientific research. The works, red, describing those explicable features, for this reason were discarted. - after having analysed works of numerous writers (and seven principal among them) describing characteristics of the jews, after having recapituled, a conclusion appeared : there is a difference or an opposition in sexual field between the two catholic orthodox and judaic spheres. This field is not conditioned by the exceptional laws
Roty, Martine. "Le rite du mariage en Russie aux XIXème et XXème siècles : terminologie et symbolique." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040043.
Full textAndreeva, Lioudmila. "La réception en Russie d'Ernest Hello et de sa descendance spirituelle (Bloy et Huysmans)." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040281.
Full textMy thesis reconstructs the history of the discovery of the french catholic writers' spiritual world at the end of the XIXth century (Hello, Bloy, Huysmans), discovery made by the philosophical russian setting of the XXth century (Berdaiev and other russian intellectual writers in this period). It analyses in detail the contents of the influence of these french writers on the russian intellectuals, on Berdaiev in particular. My work includes three chapters that, under different perspectives (historical and semiotic approaches), supply an enlightenment dismantling Hello's influence as well as his spiritual descent, up to this day considered "secret", on the development of Berdaiev's thinking
Després, Isabelle. "Théories esthétiques et polémique littéraire dans les revues moscovites de l'époque romantique." Phd thesis, Paris 4, 1994. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01053577.
Full textLe, Foll Claire. "Histoire et représentation des Juifs en Biélorussie (1772-1918) : une identité collective en construction dans les marges occidentales de l'Empire russe ?" Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0046.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the history of Jews in the Byelorussian provinces of the Russian empire, from the first partition of Poland in 1772 until the proclamation of the National Republic of Byelorussia in 1918. It is the constitution of a collective identity among Byelorussian Jews in the "long 19th century" that we interrogate. Using a chronological and comparative approach, we established how they distinguished themselves from the Jews of Lithuania and Ukraine. Further, through an analysis of representations of this first group, a Jewish self-consciousness, on both individual and collective levels, is disclosed. The thesis also considers possible links between identity and territory, as well as the impact on a group's self identification when it has been assigned the identity of Other. The evolution of Jewish-Byelorussian relations is examined critically, with particular regard to the question of the veracity of the current rhetoric of secular Byelorussian tolerance toward other nationalities
Mnatsakanova, Maria. "Le mythe de Napoléon en Russie au XIX et au début du XX siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040085.
Full textNapoleon’s personality and the results of his reign have always been a source of discussion both in France and elsewhere, nor is Russia an exception to this rule. The corpus of poems and writings on Napoleon attracted my attention: what were the causes of the birth of the Napoleonic myth in Russia, and how did attitudes towards the French emperor change over time? Analysis not only of works by Russian historians written after Napoleon’s death up to the beginning of the 20th century, but also of literary works from the same period, reveals changes in the image of the Emperor. The black legend lasted for only a brief time, and after his death Napoleon became a hero for poets. And historians looked positively on the emperor as they attempted to explain the events that had taken place in Europe at the beginning of the century. The transfer of Napoleon’s mortal remains back to France in 1840 marks the apogee of the golden legend. In Russia, this legend began to wane after the death of Lermontov and especially after the publication of Tolstoy’s War and Peace. At the beginning of the 20th century, whilst the Napoleonic myth no longer excited Russian poets, historians on the other hand grew more and more interested in imperial period, Franco-Russian relations, and Napoleon’s internal policy. The Franco-Russian alliance and the centenary of the Campaign of 1812 influenced historical studies positively, but the events occurring in Russia after 1917 gave the legend another dimension and other meanings
Staquet, Ivan. "L'activité maritime russe dans l'Océan pacifique de 1799 à 1868." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX10006.
Full textGoubina, Maya. "La perception réciproque des Français et des Russes d’après la littérature, la presse et les archives 1812 – 1827." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/these_goubina/paris4/2007/these_goubina/html/index-frames.html.
Full textThe aim of this present work is to analyse the mutual perception of the French and of the Russians at the beginning of the 19th century. Then, the very rigid reciprocal stereotypes were confronted to the intense contacts between the two nations and the pressure of the strong official propaganda. The most important in this thesis, composed of three main parts (1812, 1814-1818, 1820-1827), is the method, both historical and anthropological (the view of the “other”). The application of several others methods (as linguistic analysis, for example) and the study of many documents (correspondences, diaries, memories and road books of travellers and of military officers, newspapers, documents of civil and military propaganda, diplomatic and police archives) enable us to examine the mutual perception of the French and of the Russians, but also to establish the essential difference between their mentalities
Lebedev, Andreï. "Philarète de Moscou : la parole d'un svjatitel' au dix-neuvième siècle en Russie." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0109.
Full textPhilarete, the metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna (1783 (1782 according to the Julian calendar) - 1867) civil name : Vasilij Mixailovic Drozdov) was one of the most influential figures in the Russian Orthodox Church during it's Synodal Period. Already in his lifetime Philaret was recognized as svjatitel', a hierarch who achieved the ecclesiastical model of bishophood through his service. This service is understood as being closely link to the word. Hence the interest of the author of the present thesis in the writings of Philaret, as well as in his commentaries in the book of Genesis, on the manifestation of the divine word described in the first book of Pentateuch, and in two imperial manifestos written by Philaret: the manifesto of 16 august 1823 on the succession of the throne signed by Alexander I, and the manifesto of 19 February 1861 on the abolition of serfdom signed by Alexander II
Vergara, Juan Camilo. "La Grande Société des Chemins de Fer Russes (1856-1862) : coopération ferroviaire franco-russe, administration de l'espace impérial et réformes de l'Etat en Russie au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0029.
Full textThe main aim of this work, is to demonstrate how the Russian State intended to improve the administration of the Empire's huge territory - which was it's main force and, at the same time, its most serious weakness - through the construction of a vast network of railways. This fact provoked the formation of various influential groups, which intended to engage their power over the Russian railway's construction between 1856 and 1870. The reforms of the railway sector reveal how the State's need of technological modernisation was tempered by need of protecting its sovereignty. The construction of the Russian railway network, which depended on an international exchange of technologies and knowledge, proves the central roll played by France at a time when Russia observed carefully the evolution of the railway industry in Europe and the United States. The foundation of the Main Society of Russian Railways in 1856, encouraged by the influence and impetus of the Pereire brothers, permits us to understand the end of a protective and sovereignist policies that dominated until then the Russian State. This new strategy of the Russian State opens for us the possibility of studying the way in which the Empire's territorial administration determined the modernisation of the ways of communication
Durou, Guillaume. "La pourpre et le rouge : l'anticléricalisme canadien-français au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28385/28385.pdf.
Full textStrantchevska-Andrieu, Christina. "La découverte de la langue bulgare par les linguistes russes au XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20120.
Full textIn the history of Slavistics, little is known about the period of the Bulgarian language discovery by the 19th century Russian linguists. The author of the present thesis endeavours to recreate, despite the rarity of documents on the topic, the historical and scientific context which prepared the event. For that purpose, she draws her inspiration from the conditions which accompanied the first descriptions of other languages than Bulgarian. By doing so, many important factors emerge, underlining the whole complexity of the process of discovering the other. In this work, the reader will find an original, comprehensive and detailed analysis of the first grammar, of the first dictionary of the Bulgarian language written by Russian linguists in the 19th century. Besides the fact that this analysis is filling a gap maintained for too long in the history of the Bulgarian language studies, it also brings about a new way of looking upon the state of the language at that time and allows, thanks to a game of perspectives between the linguistic conceptions of the 19th century and those in use today, to follow the main stages of its evolution. The results of this tremendous learning study open up to new research orientations, in the field of Slavistics as well as in the field of Linguistics in general. They would also find a useful application to other subjects directed towards creation and perception in cross-cultural context
Syng-Ho, Kim. "La question de Port Hamilton (1885-1887) dans le contexte de la politique étrangère des grandes puissances." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010690.
Full textAude, Nicolas. "Les Aveux imaginaires : scénographie de la confession dans le roman du XIXe siècle (Angleterre, France, Russie)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100128.
Full textThis thesis reconsiders the relationship between literature and religious confession within the framework of an archaeology of contemporary autofiction. Taking into account the mythical and fantasmatic construction of the "Nineteenth Century Novel" as the paradigmatic public book, this research interprets the confession scene in novels as a locus of a metadiscourse, which is closely linked to the upheaval of relations between public space and intimate sphere after the expressivist turn in Romanticism. We consider this upheaval to have been variously illustrated by six authors from England, France, and Russia: Ann Radcliffe, Charlotte Brontë, George Sand, Fedor Dostoevsky, Maxim Gorky and Georges Bernanos. Studying these six works from a comparative standpoint allows us to shift the generic question of literary confessions through placing this scenography in the religious and romantic tradition of mysteries. Moreover, these confession scenes’ theatricality attests to a penetration of the dramatic mode into the narrative mode of representation. It can be approached from a microsociological perspective, by paying close attention to the historical inflections of social dramaturgy as well as to the disruptions of self-presentation. Lastly, the scenography of the imaginary confessions belongs to the history of modern interpretative adventure more particularly of literary criticism, both influenced in the nineteenth century by a process of secularization of the soul as well as the triumph of a new inquiry culture. If the subject’s interiority gradually becomes a spectacle in the novel, it also manages, through the meanders of writing, to evade the new demands of visibility
Grigorian, Lilith. "La postérité de Baudelaire dans la poésie symboliste russe ou le mal de l'idéal." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040082.
Full textThe present thesis is concerned with the discovery of the poetry of Charles Baudelaire (1821 – 1867) by the Russian poets around the 20-th century. Who are the followers of Baudleaire in the Russian symbolist movement, and what transformations have they brought about? Baudlaire's works are compared, to various extents, to the readings of three poets. The thesis consists four parts. The first one touches on with the aesthetic criteria according to Baudelaire and their comparison with those of V. Soloviov (1853 – 1900), philosopher and poet, who has also given a new sense to the poetic art. P. Yakoubovich (1861-1911), an ardent translator of Baudelaire, though opposed to symbolism, is presented with all his contradictions. The second part is devoted to the quest of the time of the Russian symbolists through the personality of V. Brioussov (1873-1924), founder of that movement in Russia. Our comparison sets up a constant development between his translations and his own creations. The third part considers the baudlairean space through the criticism, the translations and the poetry of I. Annenski (1855-1909). The analysis of the poems and their translations, included in the present work, show the difficulties of the accurate transposition of one language to another; nevertheless, the intentional distortions practised by the poets, lead on to new creations substituting for the original. In last part, the study reveals the immense contribution of Baudelaire to the Russian poetry. However, in spite of the external influence, the modern Russian poetry, lack of ideal, is built up through the symbolist movement, preserving at the same time its authenticity
Medina, Alexis. "Le progressisme et la réforme de l’État en Équateur, 1883-1895." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100129/document.
Full textProgressivism was a political movement born in Ecuador in 1860s that aimed at embodying a third way between conservatism and liberalism. While they were in power, from 1883 to 1895, the progressives tried to modernize Ecuador both politically and economically. On the economic level, they sought to consolidate the agroexport model, develop technical and scientific education, build railroads and redefine the relationship between Church and State. They also wanted to stabilize the republican institutions, based on the respect for civil liberties, separation of powers and suffrage as the source of political legitimacy. In spite of its failures, progressivism represents a fundamental step in the formation of the Nation state in Ecuador
Rousseau, Marjorie. "Des filles sans joie : Le roman de la prostituée de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : Espagne, France, Russie." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2020.
Full textWhile prostitution was exploding within the cities, the character of the prostitute flourished in the second part of the nineteenth-Century literature. This new heroine quickly gets the leading part in a soon-To-Be proper literary fictional sub-genre, the “prostitute novel”, whose structure and motifs will be pointed out in our research. We will evoke medical, moral and social discourses about women and prostitutes in the 19th century in order to grasp the numerous roles this character can assume in literature. As a protagonist of the loss and deprivation, the prostitute questions the masculine vision of women, but she also embodies her time’s worries about the multiple social, economical and political transformations happening. She also holds a mirror to existential anxieties about the relationship to the Body, the Other and Death, and appears to be a privileged character for artistic and aesthetic considerations
Genevray, Françoise. "Quelques lecteurs russes de George Sand au dix-neuvième siècle : contribution à une étude de réception." Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10020.
Full textAngaut, Jean-Christophe. "Liberté et histoire chez Michel Bakounine." Nancy 2, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc247/2005NAN21031_1.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of this study is first to show that Bakunin's thought, as a reflection about the accomplishment of human freedom in history, is tied to the main philosophical trends of the 19th century, such as German idealism, French positivism, Marxism and scientific materialism. This study shows also that Bakunin's thought, as a libertarian theory and practice of emancipation, deals with the status of politics and with the role of national and social issues. The plan of this study takes Bakunin's works as a whole, in its diversity and its historicity. The first two parts deals with the writings which are former to Bakunin's anarchism. The third part describes the philosophy of freedom developed after 1864. The last two parts are a study of Bakunin's political project, before and after his entry into the International Workers Association
Yermolenko, Volodymyr. "Deux époques de la philosophie contre-révolutionnaire : la pensée contre-révolutionnaire en France (1789-1830) et en Russie (1905-1939) : une étude comparative." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0067.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the two historical (and national contexts of the counter-revolutionary philosophy, in France between 1789 and 1830, and in Russia between 1905 and 1939. In this movement between the two contexts of the counter-revolutionary philosophy the anti-modern thinking has evolved, reformed and deformed, enriching itself with properly «modern» elements. In the field of the philosophy of history and palingenetic imaginary, it has been evolving from a focus put on the ancient and the tradition (by De Maistre or Bonald) to re-appreciation of the new, novelty and creation (by Berdiaev). In the field of the moral philosophy, a clear evolution can be observed from the pre-modem logic of theodicy (which aims at discovering good under the masque of evil) to the modern logic of critique (which distrusts humanist «good » and tries to discern evil behind its masque). Finally, in the field of the social philosophy, personalist elements are integrated into the anti-modern thinking, traditionally totalizing and holistic. These are signs of the modern grafting into the anti-modern thinking which we were following throughout this thesis. These symptoms also show constellations of an antimodern modernity, pointing at the critique of the modernity by the anti-modern reflection, which, in the course of its evolution, did not hesitate to recapture modern achievements of individuality, liberty, novelty and critique
Goloubinova-Cennet, Ekaterina. "Le mythe de Don Juan dans la littérature russe des XIXe et XXe siècles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20010.
Full textGuillemin, Marcellin. "Krusenstern et Lissiansky : la Russie sur les traces de l'Angleterre dans le Pacifique Sud." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030006.
Full textKruzenshtern and Lisianski were the first Russian circumnavigators who, in the nineteenth century, enabled their country to compete with England in the South Pacific. Former cadets in the Russian Navy, they had received training on Royal Navy ships in accordance with Anglo-Russian agreements to fight against revolutionary France. This thesis focuses on the position of Russia in the South Pacific and her ability to match, if not surpass her rival England, the first naval and commercial power. The detailed accounts of Kruzenshtern and Lisianski, other Russian circumnavigators who took advantage of their knowledge, were examined.Russia was positioning herself timidly in a region which was far from her borders. Her empire was built on Eurasia, a large monolithic block, with an expansion into America which consisted of Alaska and Fort Ross, a Californian territory. Attempting colonization in warm seas, Russia feared tensions or even conflicts with other powers, who accused her of seeking her expansion too much at the expense of the Ottoman Empire, the "sick man of Europe"; the balance of power so dear to England was no longer respected. England had begun an intensive colonization of Australia and New Zealand. In order to deter her competitors, she officially announced the annexation of her new lands, which she quickly populated, explored and exploited. Her goal was to obtain new raw materials to feed her powerful industry and to prepare herself for any possible political and economic crises from Europe or America. Hawai'i at this time was a focal point for the four major powers: England, France, Russi! a and the United States, each trying to curry favour whith the local monarch until one of them prevailed over the other three.Russia played an important role in the South Pacific in science and technology. Her circumnavigators had made many geographical discoveries, to which they had given names glorifying Russia; they also significantly improved maps. They were able to take advantage of the best precision instruments and the latest scientific literature to obtain consistent and accurate measures and results. The Crimean War was to highlight the weaknesses of Russia, who had so far been victorious, but now had to question and renounce certain of her ambitions in the Pacific Ocean
Tellier, Virginie. "Le discours du fou dans le récit romantique européen : (Allemagne, France, Russie)." Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOL008.
Full textThe thesis studies the linguistics, philosophy and aesthetics of literary language of the madman in the Romantic era. It focuses on The Devil's Elixirs (Hoffmann, 1815), The Crumb Fairy (Nodier, 1832), The Diary of a Madman (Gogol, 1835), The Sylph (Odoevsky, 1837) and Aurelia (Nerval, 1855). Other narratives are more promptly summoned, as The Night Watches (Bonaventura, 1804) or Louis Lambert (Balzac, 1832). The madman is a problematic being: he is both unhealthy and inhabited by a divine inspiration. This paradox finds a new relevance in the first half of the nineteenth century. On the one hand, the development of Alienism tends to define mental pathologies from a medical point of view. On the other hand, the birth of the Fantastic promotes the figure of the mad artist. The Madman, when he speaks, questions autobiographical writing and redefines the Self, Space and Time. His speech has pragmatic issues: the madman seeks to demonstrate that he is not mad, in a society which condemns him. He also endeavours to convey a truth. His language is then used to describe the mythical forces that travel the world and, perhaps, to recreate it. The notion of creation is essential. The Romantic era modifies the definition of literature, which loses its representative function in favour of a purely linguistic function. The speech of the madman takes part in the founding of new aesthetics: it creates it in a critical gesture that questions its legitimacy. Impossible and unthinkable, it embodies the "silent speech" (J. Rancière) that becomes modern literature
Guillaume, Damien. "Les débuts de l'"agitation antisémitique" en France dans une perspective européenne : contribution à l'histoire de l'antisémitisme." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0198.
Full textThe beginnings of the "anti-Semitic" agitation in France in the 1880s – not only with the publication of Edouard Drumont's La France juive in 1886 but even earlier in the same decade – have been explained above all by national factors in the historiography. Yet, they coincided with various concerns about the "Jewish question" on a European scale, concerns to which the first French anti-Semites were extensively referring in their texts.This PhD thesis explores (in depth) the French reception of a European phenomenon during the span of a few exceptional years (approximately 1878 to 1884). By focusing on the European context this study reveals the gradual emergence, throughout the nineteenth century, of a "Jewish question" considered by the West of the continent as typically Eastern European. As such, the turning point of the 1880s was not only the moment when, first in Germany and then in other countries, this supposedly new form of anti-Jewish hostility arose, which was called by its actors itself "anti-Semitic". These years were also – especially with the controversies over the Jews of Romania at the Congress of Berlin and the international echo given to the wave of pogroms of 1881-1882 in Russia – a crucial step in the confrontation between two hemispheres, both geographical and thematic, of the "Jewish question."Thus put in context, the beginnings of anti-Semitic agitation in France were not limited to the emergence of a particularly radical form of anti-Jewish hostility, initiated by some more or less known polemists or rather marginal groups. These beginnings also confirmed the existence of profoundly equivocal attitudes among proponents of a liberal approach to the "Jewish question," that is to say, those who were most likely to defend the Jews against the attacks of their enemies
Decourt, Laetitia. "La mosaïque, le miroir et la bibliothèque. L’ironie romantique dans la prose littéraire des écrivains « mineurs » en Russie : les années 1820-1830." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040235.
Full textBetween 1820 and 1840, Romantic irony has contributed to widen the spectrum of Russian literary prose and language, fashioning itself after a situation of oral communication, then adopting the tone and structure of the intimate letter. Figures of Romantic irony such as the reader-conversationalist, the author as sole master, the metalepsis, served not only as a laboratory for the formation of a literary language and narrative plots adapted to contemporary demands, but also as a tribune for debates on the fate and content of Russian literary prose, and as an incubator for the new reader. Works such as Gajdamak (1826-1827) by O.M. Somov, Rukopis’ […] Xabarova (1828) by P.L. Jakovlev, Ispytanije (1830), Večer na kavkazskix vodax v 1824 godu (1830) and Strašnoje gadanije (1831) by A.A. Bestužev-Marlinskij , Strannik (1831-1832) by A.F. Vel’tman, Pestryje skazki (1833) by V.F. Odojevskij, Fantastičeskije putešestvija barona Brambeusa (1833), Bol’šoj vyxod u Satany (1834) and Teorija obrazovannoj besedy (1835) by O.I. Senkovskij, show a vivid self-consciousness, a widely shared concern for intertextuality and common poetics involving metaleptic games, encyclopaedic ambition. These reveal the transformation of Russian literary prose, working simultaneously from within (Karamzin, Žukovskij, Puškin, Gogol’) and from outside. Romantic irony in Russian literary prose therefore allowed a conscious and rapid evolution of Russian literature toward the novel in prose and the realism of the second XIXth century. Thus, Romantic irony appears not only as a fashion, but also as a distant source of inspiration for Formalist and Bakhtinian theories, and for postmodernist literature
Zhiltsova, Maria. "Le transfert des ballets de Paris à Saint-Pétersbourg au milieu du XIXe siècle, entre copie et création : le cas de Jules Perrot (1810-1892), chorégraphe français dans l'Empire russe." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H054.
Full textThis thesis intends to understand the phenomenon of the circulation of choreographic performances from Paris to St. Petersburg in the middle of the 19th century and is part of the history of international cultural relations. The research focuses on ballets created at the Paris Opera and returned to the Grand Theater of St. Petersburg by Jules Perrot (1810-1892), a French dancer and choreographer who worked in Russia from 1848 to 1861, and aims to explain in what measure the Parisian ballets performed in St. Petersburg correspond to their original versions. The problem of transferring shows is approached from different angles, in its dual export-reception context and a long tradition of Franco-Russian cultural exchanges. First, we shed light on the mechanism of ballet exchanges between France and Russia, which includes human movements, dance imports and the transportation of objects. Then the shows are studied in the process of their realization from the choreographic, musical and scenographic points of view. Finally, we examine the ballet reception in both countries. The ballets performed in St. Petersburg under artistic, intellectual and technical conditions similar to those of their creation in Paris are close to their original versions but revisited for the better by Perrot: as a ballet master with a strong artistic personality, a great talent and a lot of experience, Perrot influences and coordinates different parts of the shows. The tradition of transferring ballets from France to Russia in the mid-nineteenth century makes it possible to preserve the works but also to enrich them thanks to the contribution of better Russian and European artists, particularly French, constantly present in Russia in the context of cultural exchanges developed between the two countries
Nikitina, Tatiana. "Le « ballet russe » de Marius Petipa : un exemple d'hybridation culturelle." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30060/document.
Full textThe French choreographer Marius Petipa (1818-1910), who spent most of his life-long career at the service of the Imperial Theatres, is considered as the inventor of the academic Grand Ballet, or Russian Ballet. This constitute an interesting paradox, since he happens to be a foreign choreographer. This thesis proposes to look at Marius Petipa's work as a work on the frontier between the two different countries and cultures and to expose the oppositions and tensions that cross it. We’ll study it as an example of cultural hybridization and cultural transfer, a notion used to define every social reality issued from the contacts between two initially distinct and autonomous identities. The main hypothesis studied through this thesis is the analysis of the Slavic dimension of his artwork and of its imaginary in close proximity of a Russian reality. After covering the Russian cultural artistic context, the ballets of Petipa’s predecessors who address the Slavic and Russian topic are examined. We analyse The Prisoner of Caucasus, or the Bride’s shadow (1823) and Ruslan and Ludmila, or Chernomor, the evil magician (1824) by the French choreograph Charles-Louis Didelot. The ballet created by Arthur Saint-Léon, The Little Humpbacked Horse (1864), inspired with Piotr Erchov’s tale, was met with success. This choreograph draws also his inspiration from the Alexander Pushkin’s tale to compose The Golden Fish (1867). Finally, we explore little known ballets with a Slavic theme of Petipa’s universe: Roxana, the Beauty of Montenegro (Saint-Petersburg, 1878) and Mlada (Saint-Petersburg, 1879). These creations coincided with a period of social tensions and the emergence of national ideas in Russia in the 19th centaury. They also confirm the ballet's desire to adapt, to the trends of the day, reproduced however in a conventional way. This Slavic theme in the work of French choreographs in Russia contribute to the construction of the notion of «Russian ballet» the will arrive in its apogee in the 20th centaury in Paris