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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conservation'
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Nyathi, Nongezile Sibhekile. "Water conservation through energy conservation." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08282007-124154.
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Thesis (M.Eng.)(Chemical Engineering)--University of Pretoria, 2006.Accompanied by a CD-ROM: Appendix B. Cooling tower model results. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.
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Wraith, Jenna L. "Orchid conservation: Assessing threats and conservation priorities." Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/392403.
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Globally, over a million species are threatened with extinction from habitat loss, climate change, over-exploitation as well as other anthropogenic activities. Orchids are particularly at risk in part due to their distinctive ecology including high species diversity, often limited geographic range for many species, and tight ecological relations with specific symbionts. They are the most diverse group of flowering plants with ~28,000 species and are found on all but one continent. However, due to increasing pressures from humans many orchids are threatened with extinction. It is therefore important to assess what is threatening them and where. Therefore, this thesis assesses threats to orchids at a global and continental scale to highlight the most significant threats to orchids, where orchids are threatened and by what, and to prioritise conservation actions and future research.
The range and diversity of threats to orchids was globally assessed and mapped using data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (Chapter 2). For the 442 orchids on the Red List, the most common threats were biological resource use (80% species), agriculture (53%), human intrusion and disturbance (36%) and development (35%) and were most commonly found in Africa (predominantly Madagascar), South and East Asia and South America. These threats often interacted and co-occurred with four major threat syndromes. Understanding threat syndromes is vital for orchid conservation as they can create more consistent conservation planning and help focus efforts on the specific threats in a given region.
Globally the scale and extent of tourism and recreation is increasing, including nature-based tourism. As a result, tourism and recreation is increasingly recognised as a threat to plants including orchids. Therefore, the extent and nature of tourism and recreation as a threat to orchids globally was also assessed in more detail using data from the IUCN Red List (Chapter 3). This demonstrated that 149 of the 442 listed orchids were threatened by tourism and recreation including impacts of residential and commercial development for tourism infrastructure (22%), intentional collecting within protected areas (17%), and human intrusion and disturbance from recreational activities (20%). Tourism and recreation threats were severe, impacting many populations of some orchids and causing rapid decline. These findings highlight how tourism and recreation can threaten specific groups of plants in diverse habitats, but particularly in forests and shrublands and these threats often co-occurred as threat syndromes.
To better facilitate orchid conservation, a more detailed analysis of geographical patterns in threatened orchids and threats to orchids was conducted at a continental scale using a methodology that could be adapted to other threatened taxa (Chapter 4). By utilising data on threatened orchids from the Australian Government, combined with species occurrence data from the Atlas of Living Australia, the distribution of the most severe threats to orchids in Australia were mapped. This included identifying locations where habitat modification, changing fire regimes, grazing, weeds, tourism and recreation and illegal collection occurred, including where they co-occurred as threat syndromes. This study shows that the loss of native vegetation is a key driver of most threats, while increases within protected areas was associated with an increased threat from tourism and recreation. This study also provides critical information for formulating conservation and management strategies for threatened orchids and other species in a changing environment.
To ensure the successful conservation of orchids, researchers need to understand research and conservation priorities at a global scale. Therefore, conservation and research priorities for orchid conservation were assessed (Chapter 5) using data on research publications on orchid conservation from Scopus, data on conservation priorities from the Red List, and species occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). This study highlighted the increase in conservation research and important gaps as well as key conservation priorities which were analysed to guide recommendations on future priorities. Based on the results, orchid conservation and research globally should increasingly focus on monitoring population, trends and distributions including the impacts of climate change, ecology, threats and threat mitigation, protection and management of species and their habitats and increasing education and awareness.
The research in this thesis demonstrated how orchids are significantly threatened by anthropogenic activities at a global and continental scale including impacts from habitat loss, illegal collecting, tourism and recreation, increased fire regimes and invasive species. However, it is also evident that climate change is underrepresented as a threat to orchids and needs to be considered in future research. These studies highlight the prevalence and importance of threat syndromes and provide novel methods for spatially assessing them. It is evident from these studies that orchid conservation will benefit from global collaboration and focussed conservation priorities.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Arthurs, Naill. "An investigation of conservative moving-mesh methods for conservation laws." Thesis, University of Reading, 2016. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/72072/.
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In this thesis we consider a class of conservation based moving mesh methods applied to hyperbolic conservation laws. We mainly concentrate on the one dimensional case with the examples of the linear advection equation, inviscid Burgers’ equation and the Buckley-Leverett equation. The moving mesh methods are generated using the conservation of mass as a method for determining the mesh velocity at the computational nodes. We use the notion of the reference space as a mathematical tool to analyse the moving mesh methods allowing us to show the accuracy, stability conditions and convergence. In addition we use the reference space as a technique for constructing new moving mesh methods which share the accuracy and stability properties of the fixed mesh scheme they are derived from. At the end of the thesis we use the knowledge gained from the scalar conservation laws to construct moving mesh methods for the isothermal equations.
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Weiss, Jill L. "Collaboration in Conservation Networks: Regional Conservation Partnerships in New England." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1468416493.
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Mockler, Margaret. "Partnerships in conservation /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18720.pdf.
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Marshall, Eileen. "Conservation and economics." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2720/.
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Ansari, Mohammad Amin. "Politics of Conservation." Thesis, University of Delhi, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71532.
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The thesis explores the relationship between politics of state and environmental governance in North-Eastern India.Foucault's idea of art of governmentality has been appled to understand the environmental conservation practices in India.environmental governance in North-Eastern India
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DEL, BONO ELISA M. "ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATION RECORDS: DRAWING UPON MUSEUM AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSERVATION RECORDING MODELS." The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555241.
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McGregor, Tanya. "Conservation on a Regional Scale: Assessing the Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, [Dept. of Environment and Resource Studies], 2003. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/tmcgrego2003.pdf.
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Thesis (MES)--University of Waterloo, 2003."A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Environmental Studies in Environment and Resource Studies." Includes bibliographical references.
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Inglis, Meera. "Killing for conservation : the ethics of life and death in conservation policy." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14413/.
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There has long been a divide between literature which focuses on the ethical aspects of wildlife conservation and that which deals with its practice. The split is particularly marked when it comes to practices which involve killing, such as hunting and culling. The aim of this thesis is to bridge that divide by creating a new framework, which can be used as a tool for resolving the conflicts of interests which arise when we consider killing one living thing in order to save another. I will argue that killing is only very rarely justified because it undermines the inherent value which exists in all individual living things. Not only is killing usually unethical, it is more often than not ecologically unsound. To demonstrate the veracity of my argument I will combine rigorous analyses of moral philosophy with knowledge gathered from the latest scientific findings on wildlife biology and behaviour. The first chapter of my thesis utilises these methods to show why the traditional, anthropocentric approaches to wildlife ethics are flawed and how this has led to ineffective policy creation and enforcement. The second and third chapters then set up my alternative framework, which I have termed ‘biospherical individualism’. I outline my philosophical arguments and then use these to construct a series of steps which can be used to answer the question: ‘is it morally permissible to kill X in order to protect Y?’ In the remaining chapters I present case studies to show how my framework can be put into practice. I look at the practice of population control, problems surrounding ‘invasive’ species and the ethics of medical testing to create vaccines for animals. Together, these cases highlight the ways in which our conservation policies have, to date, failed to recognise the inherent value of individual living things and how this has led to our failure to protect them. They also, however, demonstrate ways in which we can reconstruct wildlife policy to serve the interests of the plants and animals themselves and which could lead to more effective protection measures in the future.
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Bergin, Patrick. "Conservation and development : the institutionalisation of community conservation in Tanzania National Parks." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296310.
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Ericson, Peter 1976. "Conservation on the edge : landscape scale conservation at Colorado's urban-rural interface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17682.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 136-145).
Landscape scale conservation is an emerging framework that refers to the ability to conceive, plan, finance and manage projects with significant natural conservation value while incorporating the cultural and economic activities of people situated in those landscapes. This framework is examined within the context of shifting conceptions of the mechanisms, scale, purpose and rationale behind land conservation, as well as in consideration of the concurrently evolving thought and practice of sustainable development. The goals of this exercise are twofold. First, drawing upon a literature review and three case studies this thesis seeks to introduce landscape scale conservation as an emerging field of expertise with relevance to issues of community growth and character, economic opportunity and environmental quality in Colorado. Second, this thesis seeks to glean insights, both positive and negative, from three case studies that may in turn lead to policy and/or programmatic recommendations for how landscape scale conservation efforts can achieve their ambitious goals. The central assertion of this thesis is that innovative projects consistent with landscape scale conservation are being undertaken in Colorado at the urban- rural interface. However, significant challenges remain and the cases examined in this thesis reveal limitations of landscape scale conservation and affirm ongoing efforts to address these limitations, and point to complimentary policies - such as growth management - that should be given consideration. The efficacy of these conservation efforts should be of interest to planners, conservationists, government agencies and private citizens who frequently have vested interests in the many environmental, economic and socio-political policies that landscape scale conservation implicates.
by Peter Ericson.
M.C.P.
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Nel, Jeanne Lindsay. "Enhancing the conservation of freshwater biodiversity through improved freshwater conservation planning techniques." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6145.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Freshwater ecosystems and biota are among the most endangered in the world. This current situation is even more disturbing when future threats of escalating human demand and global climate change are considered. Urgent measures are therefore needed to conserve freshwater ecosystems and sustain the services they provide. These may take the form of formal protection but also need to include less restrictive mechanisms, such as implementing integrated catchment management and environmental water requirements. Systematic conservation planning provides a strategic and scientifically defensible framework for doing this. Pioneered in the terrestrial realm, uptake of systematic conservation planning for freshwater ecosystems has been slow. While broad principles are applicable, approaches need to be freshwaterspecific. The lack of freshwater-specific frameworks and tools is a key factor hampering the application of systematic conservation planning in the freshwater realm. The aim of this thesis was to address this need by developing a suite of frameworks and practical applications for planning in freshwater settings. The development of a framework for the rapid assessment of river ecosystem endangerment and protection levels provided a common currency for comparing the state of biodiversity across terrestrial and aquatic realms. It showed, for the first time, that the state of river ecosystems in South Africa is dire, far worse than that of terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, river ecosystems have very low levels of representation in protected areas, with many not represented at all. A more optimistic finding was that river systems in protected areas appear to be in a better overall condition than those outside of protected areas, emphasizing the potential of protected areas in conserving freshwater ecosystems. Currently, however, protected area systems worldwide show significant gaps in their conservation of freshwater biodiversity. A framework was therefore developed for locating and designing protected area systems for the benefit of river biodiversity. Conservation objectives were established for improving river biodiversity pattern and processes in both new and existing protected areas. These included representation of river ecosystems and freshwater fish species, representation of large-scale biodiversity processes associated with free-flowing rivers and catchment-estuarine linkages, and improving the persistence of river reaches already contained within protected areas. Data were collated in a Geographic Information System (GIS) and a conservation planning algorithm was used as a means of integrating the multiple objectives in a spatially efficient manner. Realistically, protected areas can only play a partial role in overall efforts to conserve freshwater biodiversity and need to be supplemented with other off-reserve conservation strategies. In addition, conservation strategies that focus only on representation of biodiversity in isolated areas are conceptually flawed, especially given the inherent connectivity of freshwater ecosystems. Such conservation strategies need to be augmented with approaches that address the persistence of freshwater biodiversity. A framework for planning for the persistence of freshwater biodiversity was therefore developed, synthesizing concepts from freshwater ecology and terrestrial conservation planning. When considering issues of persistence, making use of a multiple-use zoning strategy is a practical option because it helps to emphasize that different levels of protection, and hence utilization, can be afforded to different conservation areas. This helps to strengthen the linkages between people and conservation, and aligns more closely with planning categories used by water resource managers and land use planners. Planning for both representation and persistence should be achieved simultaneously to maximize spatial efficiency. Several methods of planning for representation and persistence were explored. An existing conservation planning algorithm (MARXAN) was adapted for use in freshwater settings through the incorporation of directional connectivity considerations. When using a conservation planning algorithm, the manner in which spatial efficiency between persistence and representation is achieved depends on whether or not a multiple-use zoning strategy will be applied during design. Given the practicalities of multiple-use zoning at local levels of planning, it is recommended that zones should be used in the design phase, rather than merely allocated at the end once the design is complete. In summary, research and practice in conservation has tended to focus on terrestrial biodiversity; while water resources management has tended to have a more utilitarian focus. It is high time to elevate freshwater biodiversity concerns on the agendas of both these sectors. By developing common conservation frameworks around which the water and conservation sector can engage and debate, this thesis attempts to enhance the integration of freshwater biodiversity concerns into both these sectors.
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Gurung, Ghana S. "Reconciling biodiversity conservation priorities with livelihood needs in Kangchenjunga conservation area, Nepal /." Zurich : University of Zurich, departement of geography, division of human geography, 2006. http://opac.nebis.ch:80/F/?func=service&doc_library=EBI01&doc_number=005288202&line_number=0002&func_code=WEB-FULL&service_type=MEDIA.
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Coke, BobbyeJo Evon. "Conservation of waterlogged linoleum." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1419.
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Linoleum has been around for over a hundred years. With its invention by Frederick Walton in the 1860s a new means of durable floor covering was introduced to the world. This new invention was promoted as durable, hygienic, and easy to maintain. In agreement with the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, a study was commissioned to seek the best means to conserve linoleum from a canal boat excavated in the summer of 2002 in Lake Champlain. The Sloop Island Canal Boat is part of an excavation project that is studying the ways of life on the lake. Conserving waterlogged linoleum is a new area of study in conservation, and there is very little information dealing with the topic. This study will provide a baseline for the conservation of linoleum.
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Chan, Christina. "Cash, cows, and conservation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0032/MQ66937.pdf.
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Chan, Ching-han, and 陳靜嫻. "Hong Kong butterfly conservation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31255759.
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Todd, Stephen. "Conservatories and energy conservation." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258551.
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Hucklesby, Claire Louise. "An Anthropology of Conservation." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507449.
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Graham, Tracy Ann. "A Preventive Conservation Guidebook." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1248180765.
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Khamitova, Raisa. "Symmetries and conservation laws." Doctoral thesis, Växjö : Växjö University Press, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2587.
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Stoica, Ruxandra-Iulia. "Ideology of urban conservation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9525.
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Although urban heritage has been a research field in the focus of scholars’ attention since the concepts of restoration and rehabilitation of monuments had been extended to entire areas such as historical city centres, before the mid‐twentieth century, architectural studies approached towns only through individual historical monuments, and historical studies only through juridical, political, and religious institutions or economic and social structures. In consequence, urban space as the manifestation of the urban phenomenon in its complexity has been largely ignored by the practice of urban conservation. This thesis aims to be a theoretical approach to the field of urban conservation, revealing its place at the crossing of history, architecture, urbanism, geography, philosophy, and anthropology. The creation of place, its understanding, the meaning that places hold for human identity and the way they shape us in return. The basis of such an enquiry is set by looking at attitudes towards the historic fabric over time and the origins of the notion of ‘urban conservation’ in its European context. The concentration of economic, social and cultural exchanges over long periods of time, which characterises traditional urban cultures, gives the value of historical areas in towns. Therefore, the history of urban development provides a substantial contribution towards the protection, conservation, and restoration policy of historic towns and urban areas as well as towards their development and adaptation to contemporary life. The term ‘integrated conservation’ emerged as a response to these changes in conservation’s relationship to heritage and its context. This broadened image of heritage enables a better understanding of how human activity has shaped the urban fabric and of how conservation can be perceived today as a component of management of urban change. This raises a number of theoretical and methodological issues, which are discussed in detail in this thesis: how do we understand the historic urban areas and how do we elicit their cultural values in order to protect and use these values. This research is therefore concerned with the origin and nature of ideas relevant to urban conservation, rather than with what is commonly regarded as being a prescriptive doctrine in heritage conservation generally, and indeed urban conservation. In reality, this latter view of the theoretical and philosophical body of research in conservation is hindering its theoretical development as a discipline and has an undesired, stalling effect on practice development. This is why this research aims to provide tools for thinking about specific conservation issues, not self‐sufficient theories. The references span a very wide timescale because of the inherent preoccupation of humans with their own inhabiting of the world, which is ultimately the frame in which urban settlements are inscribed.
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Reichenbacher, Frank W. "Conservation of Southwestern Agaves." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554213.
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The status of Southwestern agaves being considered for listing under the 1973 Endangered Species Act are summarized. Numerous Mexican agaves appear to merit consideration for listing as threatened or endangered species. An outline of action to accomplish this and achieve some much-needed communication between the United States and Mexico is presented. The agaves are clearly of Mexican origin. Species abundance contour maps are used to locate areas and species of special significance in the study of the evolution of the genus and to map out a conservation plan for the genus.
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Edwards, Taylor. "Desert tortoise conservation genetics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291566.
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Managing for the long-term survival of a species requires an understanding of its population genetics. The desert tortoise, Gopherus agassizii, inhabits the Mojave and Sonoran deserts of North America. Desert tortoises face many threats to their continued survival, including habitat loss and fragmentation. I used mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers to examine genetic structure within and among populations of desert tortoises. I found that both the Mojave and Sonoran populations of desert tortoise exhibit similar patterns of population genetic structure. Gene flow among localities within each region is part of the evolutionary history of the desert tortoise and dispersal events probably play an important role in the long-term maintenance of populations. Movement barriers caused by anthropogenic landscape changes have the potential to effect desert tortoise population viability. Understanding the historical connectivity between and within the Mojave and Sonoran populations of desert tortoises will help facilitate the conservation of this species.
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Dale, Don. "Conservation on the Farm." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295557.
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Loo, Min Jet. "Bryophytes conservation in Sabah." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422582.
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Kinabalu National Park (KNP) has the status as forest reserve class VI: virgin jungle forest in Malaysia. In 2000, it also has been recognized by UNESCO for its “outstanding universal values”. With an area size of 754 Km² and the highest peak at 4,095.2 metres, it provides a diversed habitat for ecologically important flora and fauna. Thus, from the Dipterocarp forest (lowland) to the sub-alpine forest (highland), each forest type offers different benefits to us. Ecologically speaking, montane forest (1200 - 2700m) is essential primarily as water catchment area though, this ecosystem often being forgotten due to its “low economic values” perceived by ordinary people. In fact, its economic value is high but since less people know about its free ecosystem services, it is unfairly assumed as less important in comparison to other type of forest, such as mangrove forest. In addition to that, the dominant communities inside the montane forest are bryophytes or in laymen’s term as mosses. In a nutshell, the functioning component of the moist and foggy forest is the mossy forest. As a reference to the bryodiversity in KNP, there are around 8000 species of bryophytes checklisted in the Malesian region.Kinabalu National Park (KNP) ha lo status di riserva forestale classe VI: giungla, foresta vergine in Malesia. Nel 2000, inoltre è stato riconosciuto dall'UNESCO per i suoi "valori universali" in circolazione. Con una dimensione di un'area di 754 km ² e la cima più alta a 4,095.2 metri, fornisce un habitat per la flora diversed ecologicamente importanti e fauna. Così, dalla foresta dipterocarp (pianura) al sub-alpino forestale (altopiano), ogni tipo di foresta offre diversi vantaggi a noi. Ecologicamente parlando, foreste montane (1200 - 2700) è essenziale in primo luogo come bacino idrografico, però, questo ecosistema essendo spesso dimenticata a causa dei suoi "valori bassi economici" percepiti dalla gente comune. Infatti, il suo valore economico è alto ma dal momento che meno gente conoscere i suoi servizi ecosistemici gratuiti, è ingiustamente assunto come meno importante rispetto ad altro tipo di foresta, come la foresta di mangrovie. In aggiunta a ciò, le comunità dominanti all'interno della foresta di montagna sono briofite o in termini laici di come muschi. In poche parole, il componente funzionamento della foresta umida e nebbiosa è la foresta di muschio. Come riferimento alla bryodiversity in KNP, ci sono circa 8000 specie di briofite checklisted nella regione Malese.
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Frank, Steven D. "Evaluation of conservation strips as a conservation biological control technique on golf courses." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/129.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2003.Thesis research directed by: Entomology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Cousins, Jenny Abigail. "Re-making conservation? : international conservation tourism and private wildlife ranching in South Africa." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512206.
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This thesis is an 'alternative format thesis', and thus the body of this work takes the form of a number of research papers. Its fundamental achievement is to significantly develop our understanding of the characteristics, practices, role/ significance, challenges and regulation of two contemporary and innovate forms of ecotourism which have rapidly expanded in recent years. They are international conservation tourism and private wildlife ranching in South Africa. Although quite separate entities, these sectors have a great deal in common. Both commodify wildlife and wild places for sale. Both have become increasingly commercialised and profit driven enterprises. Both have rapidly evolved in a rather piecemeal or organic fashion ahead of government regulation, and both have the potential to contribute to biodiversity conservation, community development and public education. These two types of ecotourism are directly linked through the huge popularity of South Africa's private wildlife ranches as a destination for international conservation tourism holidays. The intense coupling of nature and society created by these two forms of tourism required an interdisciplinary approach and research methods combining both qualitative and quantitative techniques. This thesis takes a political ecology approach to show how historical factors, ways of viewing the environment and power relations are shaping this emerging form of conservation. The thesis concludes with an overview of the substantive findings and suggestions for future research.
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Baker, Julia Elizabeth. "Evaluating conservation policy : integrated conservation and development in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda." Thesis, University of Kent, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418583.
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Narloch, Ulf Gerrit. "Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services : how to make incentive mechanisms work for conservation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609999.
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Malkogeorgou, P. "Disciplining conservation : conservators, conservation and the V&A, a London national museum." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318093/.
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In my thesis I am looking at how National Museums create their own identity and try to give us a sense of being in the world all of their own, which is distinct for each one museum. I am asking how conservation contributes, as an integral part of their physical substance, through a sense of familiarity and homeliness which the Museum constructs around authentic objects and its own collections. The concept of behind the scenes is examined from the bottom up with regard to museum practice by looking at conservation in a particular context and at a particular time. I investigate this idea of creating museum ‘homeliness’ through the concept of truth, the process of ascribing value to objects, the visual aspect of the practice of conservation, the object’s materiality in relation to ideas of tangible and intangible in conservation, the quest for origins in relation to object’s biography and how exclusivity is constructed. In particular I am investigating the role of the conservator in the construction, preservation and transmission of cultural knowledge and, within the setting of the Victoria and Albert Museum, I aim to gaining a better understanding of how conservation practices are shaped and adapted to the requirements of a major national institution as a particular moment is fixed, and who we are, or wish to be, is affirmed in the process of object preservation.
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Teel, Katherine. "The Brazos Valley Groundwater Conservation District: A Case Study in Texas Groundwater Conservation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84287/.
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This thesis examines the history of groundwater management through the development of groundwater conservation districts in Texas. Political, economic, ideological, and scientific understandings of groundwater and its regulation varied across the state, as did the natural resource types and quantities, which created a diverse and complicated position for lawmakers and landowners. Groundwater was consistently interpreted as a private property right and case law protected unrestricted use for the majority of the twentieth-century even as groundwater resources crossed property and political boundaries, and water tables declined particularly during the second-half of the century. The case study of the Brazos Valley Groundwater Conservation District describes the complicated history of groundwater in Texas as the state attempted to balance natural resource legislation and private property rights and illuminate groundwater’s importance for the future.
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David, Berliner Derek. "Systematic conservation planning and South Africa's Forest Biome: An assesment of the conservation status of South Africa's forest and reccomdentations for their conservation." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6232.
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This thesis reports on the first substantial data collation, analysis and interpretation for a systematic conservation plan for the entire South African forest biome. This was done by addressing the following questions: What is the current state of the forest biome? How well are forests protected? How threatened are they? What are the conservation priorities, and what needs to be done to improve forest conservation? The study is broad and integrative, using information from various published and unpublished sources, as well as expert judgements. The general framework of systematic conservation planning was used along with the software tools typically used for irreplacebility analysis. Rule based modelling, expert judgements and GIS modelling, were used to develop indices of threat, vulnerability, fragmentation, degradation, connectivity and irreplacebility, at the scale of forest patches, forest clusters and forest types. An index of subsistence resource use of forests was modelled using population density, extent of electrification, forest accessibility and the buffering effect of plantations and woodlots. Using these indices, priorities for conservation were identified. Species richness and numbers of red data and endemic species, were also evaluated for each forest type. Forest patches as well as forest clusters were used as planning units, while forest types were used as surrogates to represent forest biodiversity . South African forests have by far the highest number of tree species per unit area of any temperate forest in the world. A high proportion of species occurring in forests are threatened and endemic. At least 56 forest occurring vascular plants and approximately 88 forest occurring faunal species are listed as IUCN red data species. The current forest protected area network of South Africa, does not adequately protect representative samples of forest biodiversity pattern and process. Approximately 25 % of the total forested area occurs within formal statutory protected areas, but most of this is made up of just a few forest types. Of the 21 forest types assessed, six have less than 10% formal protection. Three forest types, Eastern Scarp, Pondoland Scarp and Kwazulu-Natal Dune forests stand out as being highly vulnerable to biodiversity loss, of these; Pondoland Scarp forests have the lowest level of formal protection, and the highest number of endemic species, making this forest type, the highest conservation priority in the country. 10 PhD thesis: Forest conservation planning: Derek Berliner The limitations of the mathematical selection algorithms (C-plan and MARXAN) to incorporate ecological heuristics and context specific information within reserve selection were recognised. In response to this, a rule based modelling approach was used, that enables ecological heuristics to guide the selection of priority forests, This provided pragmatic, but not necessary mathematically optimal solutions to network reserve design. The traditional (largely silvicultural) focus of forest management and reserve planning in South Africa, has tended to view forests as geographically and functionally distinct ecosystems, without adequate consideration of landscape scale processes and requirements for connectivity. For long term conservation of forest biodiversity, planning requires to occur across multiple scales, and with a broader and longer term view than what has been the traditionally focus. Forest conservation needs to involve both on, and off-reserve strategies. This should include: expansion of the formal protected area network (so as to adequately represent all forest types), improvements in management of existing reserves, and regulation of land use change within forested catchments and catchments linked to forests. This should form part of integrated land management strategy that directly involves communities in forest conservation programmes.
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Rawoot, Damian Nabil, and Damian Nabil Rawoot. "Conservation Easements in the Madrean Archipelago: Landscape-Scale Strategy or Random Acts of Conservation?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626400.
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In mixed-jurisdiction landscapes of the Intermountain West, unprotected wildlands in private and State Trust ownership buffer protected areas, support ecosystem and watershed processes, and maintain landscape connectivity, while their subdivision and development, results in losses of habitat and biodiversity, fragmentation, and isolation of neighboring protected areas. In recent decades, conservation easements (CEs) have emerged as the primary tool for protecting private lands, but as private agreements, there is no explicit expectation that land protected provides these conservation values. With this dependence on CEs, identifying their conservation outcomes is critical to understanding their role in landscape-scale conservation efforts. Focusing on the Madrean Archipelago in Arizona and New Mexico, I conducted a mixed methods study assessing the spatial pattern of existing CEs relative to grasslands, riparian areas, and distance from protected areas, and completed stakeholder interviews to identify any process underlying these spatial patterns. Results show that more than 10% of private wildlands in the region are in CEs. They exhibited a strong affinity towards grasslands (almost 20% of private grassland area is in CEs) and protected areas (more than 80% of CEs lie within 1 km of a protected area) but tend to avoid riparian areas. Interviews revealed a moderate level of consistency between the spatial patterns identified and stakeholder objectives. These results suggest that CEs in the Madrean Archipelago do support landscape-scale conservation outcomes, in part because stakeholders engaged in establishing them are prioritizing resources and values with landscape-scale significance. They also affirm the need for more access to spatial data on CEs to better integrate them into regional conservation planning efforts.
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Kong, Siu-nga, and 江兆雅. "When value management meets conservation management: a possible progress for conservation practice in HongKong?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50716025.
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Bauer, Dominik [Verfasser]. "Landscape-scale conservation of lions in the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area / Dominik Bauer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1229387250/34.
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Baumann, Nicolas Exner. "Townscape in urban conservation : the impact of the theory of townscape on conservation planning." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10932/.
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Jardine, Christine Leone. "The proposed Gariep Transfrontier Conservation Area : conservation overlay evaluation of the South African section." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9570.
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Bibliography: leaves 82-88.The Gariep Transfrontier Conservation Area (TFCA) was identified by the Peace Parks Foundation (PPF) as one of seven potential TFCAs in southern Africa. Conservation of the Gariep TFCA would provide protection to the Nama-karoo biome, thereby improving the representativeness of South Africa's reserve network, a national conservation goal. However, the land in the Gariep TFCA is privately owned and land purchases or contractual agreements with landowners will be required before conservation activity can be carried out. With limited resources available for conservation, and competition between conservation and other activities for a limited supply of land, it is necessary to focus conservation efforts on land with the greatest value to conservation. Creation of the Gariep TFCA should therefore be the outcome of a deliberate and rational planning process which is based on all relevant available information. Accordingly, the aim of this dissertation is to produce a decisionsupport instrument which can be used for planning of the Gariep TFCA. The COVER evaluation is a rapid, coarse-filter approach, necessitated by the level of detailed environmental information available. The main source of environmental data for the evaluation was the biophysical and socio-economic information collected for the Feasibility Study (1998). This was supplemented by first-hand knowledge of the Gariep area, a literature review, and interviews with conservationists. The overlay method used for the evaluation is a means of including environmental factors into land use planning. A conservation overlay (COVER) approach was used to evaluate the Gariep area for Because an integrated approach to conservation was adopted, both scientific and socio-political criteria were selected for the evaluation. The scientific criteria evaluate biodiversity, while the socio-political criteria evaluate land availability and tourism potential, and the threat to present conservation value. These criteria were used to evaluate eight environmental factors for conservation. The results of the evaluation are displayed on a series of maps showing the geographic location and extent of the various value zones. The separate maps show the biological conservation value, tourism value, the threat which human activity poses to conservation, and the social cost of conserving the Gariep area.
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Stamelman, Adin. "Contested conservation : past and present conservation praxis in the Great Lakes region of Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8118.
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Includes bibliographical references.Describing the history of Semuliki National Park from the late 19th century till the presentday, this study elucidates the origins of conservation in the Great Lakes Region of Africa.Using post-colonial and border studies as a theoretical framework, and using a combination of archival and qualitative data, the study questions how and why conservation praxis and policy has changed since the colonial era. The research presented here reveals that the conservation status of Semuliki Forest, as a forest estate on the Uganda - Congo border (and originally administered by the Uganda Forest Department) arose primarily because of geographical and logistical impediments that hindered commercial exploitation, and secondly in recognition of the unique ecological phenomena that occur within the protected area. However, over time, the physical boundaries of the forest were successfully contested by local inhabitants to accommodate population growth and increased agricultural production. The study reveals the flexible nature of the borders of Semuliki National Park (both national and international) and describes how these borders were constructed and subsequently challenged. It also reveals the enduring legacy of colonial border-making in that current conservationstratagems in the region (exemplified by Transboundary Natural Resource Management) aim to find ways of addressing conservation imperatives at locations such as Semuliki where important ecological areas are naturally contiguous but divided by international borders.
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Wiesner, Barry. "Conservation options and development plan for a private conservation initiative on the West Coast." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4818.
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Bibliography: leaves 56-58.The primary aim of the project is to consider conservation options for the area. Furthermore, to provide a preliminary environmental overview of the area, based largely on existing data and make recommendations outlining the measures that would need to be considered and implemented for the establishment of a nature reserve in the area including financial models and potential sources of funding.
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Wynn, James Joshi. "Open Space Cluster Developments to Conservation Subdivisions: Standards and Management Plans Influencing Conservation Goals." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1219345472.
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Wynn, James Joshi. "Open space cluster developments to conservation subdivisions standards and managment plans influencing conservation goals /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1219345472.
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Laboissière, Anna-Katharina. "Transformative conservation: The biopolitical interventions, reconstituted natures, and future cosmologies of emerging conservation proposals." Thesis, Curtin University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/84220.
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This dissertation explores the emergence of a new current in the field of conservation, defined here as transformative conservation. It explores three representative case studies: the assisted migration of endangered plants, the conservation of crop wild relatives in view of breeding them with food crops, and the assisted evolution of corals, analysing both the biopolitical modes of governance and the cosmopolitical dimensions of each proposal.
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Chung, Kam-choi Antony. "Conservation plan for Bowen Aqueduct." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31474147.
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Kamberoglu, Bahar Burcu. "Local Development And Conservation Priorities." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614208/index.pdf.
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The thesis evaluates the case of Ortahisar where natural rock-caved storage sector has been the major dominant traditional economic activity since 1950s. However this economic sector has begun to recess because of conservation priorities after the declaration of Göreme Historical National Park including Ortahisar settlement in World Heritage List by UNESCO in 1986. In addition, the tourism sector has begun to develop gradually in the Region as large amounts of tourists began to invade because of the world heritage advertisement of UNESCO and has begun to threaten the town&rsquo
s local economy, natural rock-caved storage sector. The aim of this thesis is to balance the stone-caved storage sector and tourism sector facilities and integrate the sustainable sides of them with conservation and sustainability objectives in a socio-spatial planning model and to ensure these two sectors&rsquo
positive contributions to each other and local economy. Finally, the thesis will emphasize the contribution of heritage planning to the sustainability of the local economy, ensuring of each sectors contribution to each other and local economy and heritage conservation process.
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Bosley, Brianna Laura, and Brianna Laura Bosley. "Sculpture, environments, and conservation treatments." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626730.
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The overall question that this thesis attempts to answer is: how do the surroundings of a sculpture
and its setting effect a sculpture’s conservation efforts. In this thesis four case studies of works of sculpture of various materials, displayed in different settings in the Tucson area, each experiencing varying conditions depending on their environment, will be discussed. Their preservation plans and conservation treatments will be outlined and compared, showing the varying conservation/preservation approaches to these sculptures, depending on their material and setting. This will all be related to the importance and role of preventative conservation in modern conservation practices.
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Patchett, Roy Anthony. "Energy conservation in Methylophilus methylotrophus." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35123.
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Hartmann, Klaas. "Biodiversity conservation and evolutionary models." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1776.
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Biodiversity conservation requires a framework for prioritising limited resources to the many endangered species. One such framework that has seen much attention and is considered extensively in this thesis, is the Noah's Ark Problem (NAP). The NAP combines a biodiversity measure (Phylogenetic Diversity; PD) with species survival probabilities and conservation costs. The aim of the NAP is to allocate the limited conservation resources such that the future expected PD is maximised. Obtaining optimal solutions to the NAP is a computationally complex problem to which several efficient algorithms are provided here. An extension to the NAP is also developed which allows uncertainty about the survival probability estimates to be included. Using this extension we show that the NAP is robust to uncertainty in these parameters and that even very poor estimates are beneficial. To justify using or promoting PD, it must produce a significant increase in the amount of biodiversity that is preserved. We show that the increase attainable from the NAP is typically around 20% but may be as high as 150%. An alternative approach to PD and the NAP is to prioritise species using simple species specific indices. The benefit of these indices is that they are easy to calculate, explain and integrate into existing management frameworks. Here we investigate the use of such indices and show that they provide between 60% and 80% of the gains obtainable using PD. To explore the expected behaviours of conservation methods (such as the NAP) a distribution of phylogenetics trees is required. Evolutionary models describe the diversification process by which a single species gives rise to multiple species. Such models induce a probability distribution on trees and can therefore be used to investigate the expected behaviour of conservation methods. Even simple and widely used models, such as the Yule model, remain poorly understood. In this thesis we present some new analytic results and methods for sampling trees from a broad range of evolutionary models. Lastly we introduce a new model that provides a simple biological explanation for a long standing discrepancy between models and trees derived from real data -- the tree balance distribution.
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Salomons, Michael J. "Evaluating Community Conservation in Kenya." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0009/MQ59872.pdf.
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Hedmark, Eva. "Conservation Genetics of Scandinavian Wolverines." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6636.
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