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Journal articles on the topic 'Conservation – Tanzania'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Seeteram, Nadia A., Pendo T. Hyera, Lulu T. Kaaya, Makarius C. S. Lalika, and Elizabeth P. Anderson. "Conserving Rivers and Their Biodiversity in Tanzania." Water 11, no. 12 (December 11, 2019): 2612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122612.

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The United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania) is rich in freshwater resources and biodiversity. In this article, we highlight the importance of Tanzanian rivers and make a case for the conservation of the freshwater and terrestrial species that rely on these rivers. We provide an overview of current knowledge on Tanzanian rivers and discuss progress towards implementation of the National Water Policy (2002) and Water Management Act (2009), two legislative instruments that have motivated environmental flow assessments on at least six major rivers and offer legal backing for river conservation. We examine major challenges that pose significant threats to water security for river ecosystems and humans in Tanzania, among those: (1) human population growth, (2) agricultural expansion, (3) river flow alterations, (4) industrialization, (5) introduced species, and (6) climate change. We conclude by offering recommendations for future river conservation efforts in Tanzania.

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Burgess, Neil D., Alex Dickinson, and Nicholas H. Payne. "Tanzanian coastal forests – new information on status and biological importance." Oryx 27, no. 3 (July 1993): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300027976.

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This paper presents the current results of a continuing survey of the distribution, status and biological importance of Tanzanian coastal forests. The Frontier-Tanzania Coastal Forest Research Programme has shown that at least 34 locations, and possibly another eight, support important coastal forests. There are probably 350–500 sq km of forest remaining, with most sites smaller than 20 sq km. Most sites, and 75–85 per cent of the total area, are located in Forest Reserves. Coastal forest supports many endemic taxa and many individual forests support species and subspecies known from nowhere else. All these forests are severely threatened and effective conservation action is a priority. The Frontier-Tanzania project findings are contributing to conservation programmes co-ordinated by the Wildlife Conservation Society of Tanzania and the World Wide Fund for Nature (Tanzania).

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3

Mwalyosi, R. B. B. "Wildlife conservation in Tanzania." JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIA 27 (July 7, 2021): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jgat.v27i.54.

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4

Boone, Randall B., Kathleen A. Galvin, Philip K. Thornton, David M. Swift, and Michael B. Coughenour. "Cultivation and Conservation in Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania." Human Ecology 34, no. 6 (July 28, 2006): 809–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10745-006-9031-3.

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5

Abihudi, Siri A., Hugo J. De Boer, and Anna C. Treydte. "Conservation status revision and communities’ perceptions of 22 Aloe species in Tanzania." Plant Ecology and Evolution 154, no. 3 (November 23, 2021): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2021.1838.

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Background and aims – Many Aloe species are globally threatened due to overharvesting for trade and habitat destruction. CITES regulates their international trade. In Tanzania, 50% of all existing Aloe species had previously been assessed, though some of these assessments were Data Deficient. For those with sufficient data, an update is required as the rate of decline has rapidly increased over the last years. Material and methods – We estimated Area of Occupancy (AOO), Extent of Occurrence (EOO), and number of locations for 22 Tanzanian Aloe species using the Geospatial Conservation Assessment software (GeoCAT). We assessed the reasons leading to their decline based on direct field observations and community perceptions. Key results – We revised the conservation status of 22 Aloe species; two were assessed as Critically Endangered, ten as Endangered, five as Vulnerable, and five as Least Concern. We re-discovered the Critically Endangered Aloe boscawenii, which had not been seen in Tanzania for more than six decades. We propose to downgrade the endemic Aloe dorotheae, Aloe leptosiphon, and Aloe flexilifolia from Critically Endangered to a lower threat level. The community perception on Aloe species availability did not accurately reflect their categorisation based on the IUCN criteria B. We identified agricultural activities and climate change effects as the two main threats to Tanzanian Aloe species.Conclusion – We conclude that overall numbers are declining for 22 Aloe species in Tanzania, mainly due to human activities. We recommend the implementation of laws and policies to protect their natural habitats.

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Gamassa, Pascal Kany Prud'ome. "Legal Protection of the Marine Environment from Vessel-Source Oil Pollution: Progress and Challenges in Tanzania." Journal of African Law 66, no. 1 (October 21, 2021): 123–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185532100036x.

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AbstractThe United Republic of Tanzania, also called Tanzania, is a country composed of Mainland Tanzania and the islands of Zanzibar. Tanzania's domestic laws promote sustainable development of the marine environment; however, since the beginning of the 21st century, the country has been importing large quantities of oil, resulting in an increased risk of vessel-source oil pollution damage. Through a comparative analysis, this article examines the laws addressing this issue in Mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar, the progress that has been made in the legal environment and the challenges that remain, and it discusses possible solutions and improvements. The article reveals that weak implementation of domestic laws for marine environment conservation, a lack of harmonization between domestic laws regarding this issue, and weak domestication of relevant ratified international conventions are among the challenges currently hindering the sustainability of Tanzania's marine environment.

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7

Orozco-Quintero, Alejandra, and Leslie King. "A cartography of dispossession: assessing spatial reorganization in state-led conservation in Saadani, Tanzania." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (February 13, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.22007.

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Proclaimed as the "most important conservation success story", protected areas have become the preferred method among state signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity for addressing conservation challenges. However, state-governed protected areas have been criticized for their failure to achieve ecological and social goals. Reaching a consensus on wildlife conservation strategies has not translated into widespread acceptance of state-governed protected areas by local communities. Critics debate whether the state is sincere and efficient when exerting spatial control. This article analyses state-based conservation in the Saadani landscape in Tanzania, exploring the nature of spatial reorganization and institutional approaches guiding the establishment of protected areas. Spatial reorganization and the actions of conservation organizations have led to the disenfranchisement of the very people whose efforts had enabled biodiversity to be conserved. This is despite an apparent shift in the nature of Tanzania's conservation policies towards more participatory approaches. Through detailing mechanisms used by the state for exerting spatial control in Saadani, we highlight how the approach has been counterproductive for satisfying the country's commitment to the Aichi framework on biodiversity targets and has undermined grassroots backing for conservation. In the context of strong support from the international conservation organizations for Tanzania's conservation efforts, this suggests the need for reassessing global conservation policies and identifying urgent measures and effective mechanisms to protect rights to territory and ancestral tenure in places targeted for conservation.Keywords: conservation, Convention on Biological Diversity, protected areas, spatial reorganization, actions of the state, Saadani, TANAPA, Tanzania. Uvinje

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8

Davenport, Tim R. B., Katarzyna Nowak, and Andrew Perkin. "Priority Primate Areas in Tanzania." Oryx 48, no. 1 (July 17, 2013): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001676.

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AbstractPriority Primate Areas are identified in Tanzania, mainland Africa's most important country for conservation of primates, on the basis of occupancy by globally rare, Red-Listed and range-restricted primate species and subspecies. We provide a comprehensive list and regional assessment of Tanzania's primate taxa, using IUCN Red List criteria, as well as the first national inventory of primates for 62 sites. The Priority Primate Areas, encompassing 102,513 km2, include nine national parks, one conservation area, seven game reserves, six nature reserves, 34 forest reserves and five areas with no official protection status. Primate species were evaluated and ranked on the basis of irreplaceability and vulnerability, using a combination of established and original criteria, resulting in a primate Taxon Conservation Score. Sites were ranked on the basis of summed primate scores. The majority (71%) of Priority Primate Areas are also Important Bird Areas (IBAs), or part of an IBA. Critical subsets of sites were derived through complementarity analyses. Adequate protection of just nine sites, including six national parks (Kilimanjaro, Kitulo, Mahale, Saadani, Udzungwa and Jozani-Chwaka Bay), one nature reserve (Kilombero) and two forest reserves (Minziro and Mgambo), totalling 8,679 km2, would protect all 27 of Tanzania's primate species. The addition of three forest reserves (Rondo, Kilulu Hill and Ngezi) and two game reserves (Grumeti and Biharamulo), results in a list of 14 Priority Primate Areas covering 10,561 km2 (1.1% of Tanzania's total land area), whose conservation would ensure the protection of all 43 of Tanzania's species and subspecies of primates.

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9

Gardner, Benjamin. "Elite discourses of conservation in Tanzania." Social Semiotics 27, no. 3 (March 21, 2017): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2017.1301799.

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10

Mgeni, A. S. M. "Soil conservation in Kondoa district, Tanzania." Land Use Policy 2, no. 3 (July 1985): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8377(85)90068-7.

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11

Mgaya, Edward. "Forest and Forestry in Tanzania: Changes and Continuities in Policies and Practices From Colonial Times to the Present." JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIA 36, no. 2 (July 10, 2021): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/jgat.v36i2.149.

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The forest sector has a very important role to play in Tanzania’s economy. Although in absolute terms, their contribution to total gross domestic product (GDP) is relatively low, the country’s forests contain such a high level of resources that make Tanzania one of the richest and most bio-diverse countries. Due to such importance, forestry has variably featured in Tanzanian policies from colonial times to the present. This paper, therefore, examines such policies relating to forests and forestry in Tanzania from colonial to recent times. It argues that, although there has been a change in the approach from a preservationist approach in the colonial andpostcolonial period towards a managerial/win-win approach in the current forest conservation, there is a resurgence of the preservationist tendency inthe focus on managing forest solely to increase carbon stocks. Drawing evidences from various existing policy documents and other literature, this paper concludes that forestry policies have been, and continue to reveal a notable protectionist and reservationist propensity while also expecting revenues from them through various forest products. These policies, to a ngreater extent, have throughout resulted into conflicts between both colonial and post-colonial states and local population who demands free access to theforest resources for their survival.

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12

Wilfred, Paulo, E. J. Milner-Gulland, and Henry Travers. "Attitudes to illegal behaviour and conservation in western Tanzania." Oryx 53, no. 3 (September 5, 2017): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605317000862.

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AbstractNatural resources in and around protected areas in many countries in Africa are under intense pressure as a result of illegal behaviour, such as fishing, hunting and logging. A better understanding of local people's perceptions of the nature of illegal behaviour and the relevance of conservation actions would be useful in informing conservation decisions. We gathered information on the attitudes and perceptions of communities in the vicinity of Ugalla Game Reserve in western Tanzania regarding illegal behaviour and the effectiveness of conservation practices, using household surveys, key informants, and focus groups. We found that local people use the Reserve illegally, especially for hunting (28 ± SE 6%) and logging (20 ± SE 5%). We explored behaviours that are problematic for conservation in the partially protected areas around Ugalla. Local communities reported feeling isolated, harassed and intimidated by approaches used to protect Ugalla. They were angered by the conservation of Ugalla as a trophy hunting site for foreigners, and the excessive force and beatings used by game rangers to keep them away from the Reserve. Improving local livelihoods (17%), participatory conservation (16%), and giving people land for agricultural activities (16%) were among the ways that local communities felt would reduce illegal activities. Our findings suggest the need for conservation measures to benefit local communities around Ugalla transparently and equitably. Outreach programmes would help to raise conservation awareness and attract positive attitudes towards conservation. To encourage local support for conservation, we also suggest that conservation authorities create and maintain good relations with people living near the Reserve.

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Mwakalobo, Adam, Abiud Kaswamila, Alex Kira, Onesmo Chawala, and Timothy Tear. "Tourism Regional Multiplier Effects in Tanzania: Analysis of Singita Grumeti Reserves Tourism in the Mara Region." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 4 (July 30, 2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n4p44.

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<p>The main focus of this study was to establish the economic impacts of a single tourism business operated in a rural area on a regional economy in Africa. This paper presents a case study of the regional multiplier effects of Singita Grumeti Reserves’ (SGR) tourism investment in the Mara region, Tanzania. The recursive Keynesian multiplier approach was used to identify significant economic multiplier effects larger than any other multiplier effects we could find published for relevant, comparable studies (Type 1 average 1.57 from 2008-2013, range 1.24 – 1.81). This result was contrary to economic theory that predicts the multiplier effect in this case should be low given the small area of investment in comparison to the much larger regional economy. In addition, these results represent underestimates, as the multiplier effects established in this study did not factor in substantial positive environmental and socio economic impacts accrued from SGR’s non-profit partner organization, the Grumeti Fund. Consequently, our study findings present compelling evidence that SGR tourism investments, when combined with the Grumeti Fund’s conservation and community development activities, demonstrate a pro-poor economic approach of substantial benefit to the Tanzanian economy. This was possible because the investment made by one private company is relatively substantial in comparison to the limited government services provided to the Mara Region, where nearly half of the 1.7 million people in this region remain in the poverty trap. These results provide compelling evidence that this type of high-value low-volume tourism investment can also contribute to sustainable and equitable socioeconomic development when paired with conservation and community development efforts. This assessment also demonstrates the value of ecosystem services derived from conserving Tanzania’s rich and globally significant natural heritage for the benefit of both people and nature. As there is more tourism potential in Tanzania, Tanzanian government authorities at all levels should consider encouraging and supporting similar tourism investments (i.e., high-value low-volume tourism model). This support could be tailored to providing incentives such as tax rate reduction or exemptions to encourage this specific type of tourism investment. Private investment is particularly important in rural and underserved regions in Tanzania– like the Mara Region – where there have been limited economic investments despite substantial opportunities for economic growth. </p>

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14

Burgoyne, Chris, and Kevin Mearns. "Managing stakeholder relations, natural resources and tourism: A case study from Ololosokwan, Tanzania." Tourism and Hospitality Research 17, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1467358416639088.

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This manuscript investigates the complexities and challenges in the management of the Ololosokwan community conservation area in Northern Tanzania. The conservation area is adjacent to the Serengeti National Park, just south of the Tanzanian-Kenyan Border where nomadic Maasai Pastoralists are free to cross international borders in search of grazing for their cattle. The Ololosokwan community is faced with the difficulties of managing a number of conflicting land-uses and community aspirations while striving toward the maintenance of a successful and sustainable community conservation area in collaboration with a private tourism operation. Benefit sharing was found to be an effective way in which to heal negative stakeholder engagements of the past, and active participation in the development of community livelihoods was found to be a more meaningful pursuit in this cause than merely sharing money. Despite opportunities for stakeholders to show that they are willing to work together, existing conflict is likely to continue as stakeholders still mistrust each other and often align themselves with groups that share common interests.

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15

Huggins, Chris. "Land-Use Planning, Digital Technologies, and Environmental Conservation in Tanzania." Journal of Environment & Development 27, no. 2 (March 19, 2018): 210–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496518761994.

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Participatory land-use planning (LUP) is often promoted as a solution to various environment-related challenges. In Tanzania, planning processes often represent a stage in the conversion of village lands to different uses, such as wildlife conservation or large-scale farming. LUP in Tanzania is frequently dominated by powerful local, national, or international elites, resulting in loss of rights over village land despite the opposition of many villagers. Contemporary planning involves digital technologies such as global positioning system units, which enable easier storage and sharing of geospatial data. Using assemblage theory, and based on key informant interviews conducted in Arusha and Kilimanjaro Regions of Tanzania in 2015, this article shows that LUP, particularly when it involves digital technologies, is used to not only to change land uses but also to strengthen linkages between different organizations, reinforce certain narratives of environmental change, and legitimize particular forms of external intervention.

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16

Levine, Arielle. "LOCAL RESPONSES TO MARINE CONSERVATION IN ZANZIBAR, TANZANIA." Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy 7, no. 3-4 (July 2004): 183–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880290490883241.

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17

Homewood, Katherine, W. A. Rodgers, and K. Arhem. "Ecology of pastoralism in Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 1 (February 1987): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600064133.

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SummaryThis management-oriented study of range, livestock and Maasai ecology in the wildlife conservation and pastoralist land use Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) quantifies spatial and temporal variation in range resources for three main study sites over a 2-year period. Livestock response is analysed in terms of biomass densities, habitat and pasture utilization, activity, herd size, composition and dynamics. Milk production is investigated together with the main ecological factors influencing yields. A household survey of the Maasai food system suggests that pastoral products now provide an annual average of 40% dietary energy intake, the remainder being supplied by grain. These findings form the basis of our analysis of the growing friction between the Conservation Authority and the pastoralists. Pastoralist livestock closely resemble wild ungulate utilization of NCA range resources. A combination of disease interactions and administrative restrictions allow wildlife to establish preferential access to critical grazing resources. Our results in the context of other work suggest that contrary to popular opinion pastoralist land use is an ecologically appropriate and efficient form of livestock management. There is no adverse impact on the conservation values of NCA. Despite average fertility and mortality levels pastoralist herds show progressive decline due to offtake for grain purchase. Imposed policies restrict grazing, ban cultivation and maintain poor conditions for livestock trade and grain supply. Possible interventions and their potential impacts are considered and management compromises which could benefit both pastoralists and wildlife are proposed.

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WEISKOPF, JULIE M. "SOCIALISM ON SAFARI: WILDLIFE AND NATION-BUILDING IN POSTCOLONIAL TANZANIA, 1961–77." Journal of African History 56, no. 3 (October 1, 2015): 429–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853715000341.

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AbstractThis article examines the fraught history of officials' innovative uses of wildlife in socialist Tanzania, as they pursued both international and domestic agendas with the country's wild fauna. Internationally, officials sought to enhance Tanzania's reputation and gain foreign support through its conservation policies and diplomatic use of wild animals. Domestically, officials recognized the utility of wildlife for a number of nation-building agendas, ranging from national identity to economic development. However, internal contradictions riddled the wildlife economy, creating difficulty for government officials and party leaders when balancing socialist commitments with an effective, market-driven industry.

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19

Odhiambo, Felix Otieno. "Challenges in Harmonising Conservation Laws on Living Marine Resources within the Framework of the EAC: Case Study of Tanzania and Kenya." Eastern Africa Law Review 49, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 157–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/ealr.v49i1.5.

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Marine ecosystems comprise transboundary resources which occupy up to 71% of the earth’s surface. Up to 90% of the world’s living marine resources exist within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). The 1982 UN LOSC confers management and conservation of the EEZ to the coastal State’s jurisdiction. It is, however, argued that since oceans are transboundary, effective conservation of their living resources requires a coordinated approach between neighbouring coastal States. Such approaches would help to avoid a situation where living marine resources of the same ecosystem are possibly conflicting conservation measures. One way through which neighbouring Coastal States can coordinate conservation measures for their living marine resources is through the process of harmonisation of laws. Harmonisation leads to the establishment of common legal structures and institutions to aid with the intended coordination. It is therefore argued that, through harmonisation, Kenya and Tanzania would enhance theirrespective conservation capacities for their living marine resources. Key Words: Harmonisation of Conservation Laws, Transboundary Living Marine Resources, Exclusive Economic Zones, Kenya and Tanzania.

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Lovett, Jon C., and David C. Moyer. "A new nature reserve in the Eastern Arc mountains, Tanzania." Oryx 26, no. 2 (April 1992): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300023437.

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A small area of forest on Luisenga tea estate has been declared a nature reserve by Brooke Bond Tanzania Limited. Luisenga is at the southern end of the endemic-rich Eastern Arc mountains of Tanzania and contains a number of plant and animal species of restricted distribution and conservation importance.

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Mgumia, F. H., and G. Oba. "Potential role of sacred groves in biodiversity conservation in Tanzania." Environmental Conservation 30, no. 3 (September 2003): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892903000250.

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Sacred groves, some as old as several centuries, may have contributed to the preservation of some plant species in Tanzania. This has led conservationists to consider whether sacred groves could be used for in situ conservation. Eight sacred groves of the Ugunda chieftaincy of the Wanyamwezi in central Tanzania representing burial sites that varied from 6–300 years old were inventoried to compare woody species richness and taxonomic diversity with those of forest plots in a state managed Forest Reserve. Although they occupied a relatively small area the sacred groves had greater woody species richness and taxonomic diversity than the state managed Forest Reserve. The forest plots and the groves shared a species similarity index of 45%, suggesting that the sacred groves contributed to in situ conservation of the miombo woodland biodiversity. Some of the woody species were absent in the forest plots, also suggesting that groves served as a refuge for some species. An inventory of all existing sacred groves could provide important information on their role in in situ conservation. In order to promote them for community-based conservation of biodiversity the government should declare sacred groves as preservation sites, and incorporate them into modern conservation systems.

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Magoti, Iddy Ramadhani. "The Dilemma of Human Relations and Access to Land at the Face of Game Conservation Policies in Mara Region, Tanzania, 1920s – 2014." Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2018): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211022.

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Tanzania is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa which has great number of conserved and protected areas, and aspires to protect more areas. However, there is a growing concern among Tanzania’s people who live around conserved areas that their rights to access land and other natural resources around is being impinged. As a result, conflicts emerge between local people and those who call themselves 'conservationists'. Increase of population of both human beings and wild animals continues to aggravate the problem. In light of that thinking, this paper examines game conservation policies and their far-reaching implications on human relations and access to land in Mara region. The main assumption is that changes of land use from human settlement, grazing, cultivation and hunting land to game reserves and controlled areas creates pressure on the meagre remaining land surface. This situation, in turn, affects the pre-existing human relations and the future prospects of the surrounding communities. The paper builds its analysis from both secondary and primary sources such as review of books and journal articles, archival research and oral in-depth interviews conducted in the area. The findings show that conservation practices in Tanzania prioritize animal rights at the expense of human population thereby creating dilemma on human relations and survival. Finally, the paper reveals that there has been an emerging trend for conservation for the interest of the foreign investors; that investors and some government officials benefit more than the local community around.

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SHERIDAN, MICHAEL J. "THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF INDEPENDENCE AND SOCIALISM IN NORTH PARE, TANZANIA, 1961–88." Journal of African History 45, no. 1 (March 2004): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853703008521.

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This article draws on archival sources and oral histories to describe changing post-colonial land management in the North Pare Mountains of Tanzania. The independent state transformed colonial institutions but did not maintain colonial common property regimes for water source, irrigation and forest management. Farmers responded by encroaching upon and dividing the commons. After 1967, Tanzania's socialist policies affected environmental conditions in North Pare indirectly by increasing the ambiguity and negotiability of resource entitlements. The material, social and cultural legacies of these processes include environmental change, declining management capacity and persistent doubt about the value of ‘conservation’.

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Homewood, Katherine, and Daniel Brockington. "Biodiversity, conservation and development in Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania." Global Ecology and Biogeography 8, no. 3-4 (May 1999): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00144.x.

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SALERNO, JONATHAN D., MONIQUE BORGERHOFF MULDER, and SHAWN C. KEFAUVER. "Human Migration, Protected Areas, and Conservation Outreach in Tanzania." Conservation Biology 28, no. 3 (January 29, 2014): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12237.

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Kangalawe, Richard Y. M., and Christine Noe. "Biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation in Namtumbo District, Tanzania." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 162 (November 2012): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2012.08.008.

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27

Bonnin, Noémie, Fiona A. Stewart, Serge A. Wich, Lilian Pintea, Samuel M. Jantz, Rebecca Dickson, Joe Bellis, et al. "Modelling landscape connectivity change for chimpanzee conservation in Tanzania." Biological Conservation 252 (December 2020): 108816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108816.

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Goldman, Mara. "Partitioned Nature, Privileged Knowledge: Community-based Conservation in Tanzania." Development and Change 34, no. 5 (November 2003): 833–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2003.00331.x.

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29

Mavanza, Mary, and Amy A. Grossman. "Conservation and family planning in Tanzania: the TACARE experience." Population and Environment 28, no. 4-5 (April 27, 2007): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11111-007-0043-8.

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30

Raycraft, Justin. "Circumscribing communities: Marine conservation and territorialization in southeastern Tanzania." Geoforum 100 (March 2019): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.12.011.

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31

Jha, Srijna, Harald Kaechele, and Stefan Sieber. "Factors Influencing the Adoption of Water Conservation Technologies by Smallholder Farmer Households in Tanzania." Water 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2019): 2640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122640.

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In Tanzania, the increasing population coupled with climate change amplifies issues of food insecurity and negatively impacts the livelihoods of smallholder farmer households. To address these issues a range of water conservation techniques (WCTs) have been useful. However, the adoption of these WCTs in Tanzania has been limited due to many reasons. With the objective to better understand and identify the factors that significantly influence the adoption of WCTs in Tanzania, the study uses survey data from 701 smallholder farmer households and a bivariate logistic regression, to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive model for the adoption of WCTs in Tanzania that includes a range of individual, household, socio-economic, and farmer perception related variables (factors). The evaluation shows that 120 farmers (17.12%) adopted WCTs and finds the farmer perceptions of rainfall instability, household wealth, and food security to be crucial. The results suggest that policy interventions should encourage conservation behavior (especially when the rainfall is perceived to be uncertain), emphasize the economic and food security-related benefits of adopting WCTs, include strategies that make adoption of WCTs attractive to female-led households, attempt to reach greater number of farmers via social networks and provide better access to public funds for farmers.

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Zacharia, Malima, and Michael Andindilile. "Radio Communication for Forest Conservation in Tanzania: a SWOC Analysis." African Review 47, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1821889x-12340010.

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Abstract This study investigated the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges (SWOC) associated with the power of radio in communicating forests information to enhance community responsiveness to forest conservation in Tanzania. Data collection entailed the analysis of the content of a series of Urithi Wetu (Our Heritage) programme produced and aired by the Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC) radio, conducting interviews with key informants, administering questionnaires with citizens living adjacent to forests, and holding focus group discussions (FGDs) with the villagers in the study area. The study established that, to some extent, radio presents some opportunities for easy communication of forest conservation information in a bid to influence communities to take the intended conservation action. On the other hand, the study found that factors such as poor packaging of forest information, lack of participation of the rural-based citizens in the programmes, and poverty among community members limited the power of the radio to influence effectively citizens to conserve forests.

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Selijio, Onesmo. "Impact of Land Conservation Technologies on Agricultural Productivity in Tanzania." Utafiti 11, no. 1-2 (March 18, 2015): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-0110102004.

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Land management and conservation have been considered the most important aspects of sustainable productivity in economically developing countries where land degradation is a major challenge. In Tanzania, both the government and international organizations have been promoting adoption of land management and conservation technologies (LMCTs) for a long time. This paper establishes the impact of three LMCTs – soil water conservation technologies and erosion control (SWCEC), organic and inorganic fertilizers – on maize crop yields in different rainfall zones, using national panel survey data. The study employs static panel models to analyse the two-period data sets for 2008-2009 and 2010-2011. The results indicate that adoption of LMCTs do contribute significantly to maize yield. The greatest effects of organic and SWCEC methods on crop yield were realized in low rainfall zones, while that of inorganic fertilizers was observed in high rainfall zones. These findings support previous cross-sectional data analyses, suggesting for policy makers that a blanket land management and conservation programme applied uniformly to all agro-ecological zones is not strategically beneficial. The advisability of a technology employed in a given zone should be supported by local knowledge and research findings culled from that particular area.

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Goldman, Mara J., Joana Roque de Pinho, and Jennifer Perry. "Beyond ritual and economics: Maasai lion hunting and conservation politics." Oryx 47, no. 4 (May 14, 2013): 490–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312000907.

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AbstractPopulations of the African lion Panthera leo are declining dramatically, with the species’ survival in some areas closely linked to levels of tolerance by rural communities. In Tanzania and Kenya several of the remaining lion populations outside protected areas reside adjacent to rural communities, where they are hunted. As many of these communities are Maasai, research and conservation efforts have focused on understanding and curbing Maasai lion hunting practices. Much of this work has been informed by a dichotomous explanatory model of Maasai lion hunting as either a ‘cultural’ ritual or a ‘retaliatory’ behaviour against predation on livestock. We present qualitative data from interviews (n = 246) in both countries to illustrate that lion hunting by Maasai is related to overlapping motivations that are simultaneously social, emotional and political (in response to conservation initiatives). Additional case study material from Tanzania highlights how politics associated with conservation activities and age-set dynamics affect lion hunting in complex and overlapping ways. Our findings contribute an ethnographic perspective on Maasai lion hunting, people–predator relations, and how these relations are linked to conservation politics.

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Little, Marilyn, K. M. Homewood, and W. A. Rogers. "Maasailand Ecology: Pastoralist Development and Wildlife Conservation in Ngorongoro, Tanzania." Geographical Review 83, no. 3 (July 1993): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/215740.

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Kegamba, Juma J., Kamaljit K. Sangha, Penelope Wurm, and Stephen T. Garnett. "A review of conservation-related benefit-sharing mechanisms in Tanzania." Global Ecology and Conservation 33 (January 2022): e01955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01955.

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Benjaminsen, Tor A., and Ian Bryceson. "Conservation, green/blue grabbing and accumulation by dispossession in Tanzania." Journal of Peasant Studies 39, no. 2 (April 2012): 335–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2012.667405.

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Scheba, Andreas. "Conservation agriculture and sustainable development in Africa: insights from Tanzania." Natural Resources Forum 41, no. 4 (March 29, 2017): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-8947.12123.

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Scheba, Andreas, and Suraya Scheba. "REDD+ as ‘inclusive’ neoliberal conservation: the case of Lindi, Tanzania." Journal of Eastern African Studies 11, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 526–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2017.1357102.

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Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, and Jeffrey Fleisher. "Conservation, community archaeology, and archaeological mediation at Songo Mnara, Tanzania." Journal of Field Archaeology 40, no. 1 (January 13, 2015): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0093469014z.000000000109.

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Goodman, Ric. "Pastoral Livelihoods in Tanzania: Can the Maasai Benefit from Conservation?" Current Issues in Tourism 5, no. 3-4 (June 2002): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500208667924.

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Bluwstein, Jevgeniy, and Jens Friis Lund. "Territoriality by Conservation in the Selous–Niassa Corridor in Tanzania." World Development 101 (January 2018): 453–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.09.010.

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Mwakaje, Agnes G., Emmanuel Manyasa, Nelson Wawire, Muchane Muchai, David Ongare, Charles Mugoya, Clet Wandui Masiga, and Alfeo Nikundiwe. "Community-Based Conservation, Income Governance, and Poverty Alleviation in Tanzania." Journal of Environment & Development 22, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496512471949.

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Nshubemuki, Ladi, and Ancelm G. Mugasha. "Conservation Attitudes of Schoolchildren in the Kondoa District of Tanzania." Environmental Conservation 13, no. 2 (1986): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900036766.

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Coe, Malcolm. "Maasailand ecology: Pastoral development and wildlife conservation in Ngorogoro, Tanzania." Biological Conservation 62, no. 2 (1992): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3207(92)90937-i.

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Igoe, Jim, and Dan Brockington. "Fortress Conservation: The Preservation of the Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania." International Journal of African Historical Studies 35, no. 2/3 (2002): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3097688.

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Spinage, C. A. "Fortress Conservation. The Preservation of the Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania." African Journal of Ecology 40, no. 4 (November 5, 2002): 415–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2028.2002.t01-4-00393.x.

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von Hellermann, Pauline. "Tree symbolism and conservation in the South Pare Mountains, Tanzania." Conservation and Society 14, no. 4 (2016): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4923.197615.

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Del Valle Coello, Juan José. "Politics in African Wildlife Conservation: Wildlife Management Areas in Tanzania." IU Journal of Undergraduate Research 3, no. 1 (September 5, 2017): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/iujur.v3i1.23366.

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Starting in the 1980’s, an increasing number of international actors have advocated for a change in wildlife and resource conservation strategies, arguing for practices allowing for greater local management in a model known as “community-based conservation.” Focusing on Tanzania, a country known for its expansive wildlife and game reserves, this investigation examines the adoption and implementation of legislation allowing for locally-administered Wildlife Management Areas (WMA’s). This paper first documents the processes motivating the introduction of WMA legislation in Tanzania, then details the legislation’s contents themselves and attempts to evaluate the social and political results as best it can, using a combination of sources including previously conducted research, promotional materials, and NGO publications.Major aspects of legislation include the following: villages themselves choose to enter into WMA agreements with investors; investors collect the revenue and deliver it to the federal government, which in turn distributes it to villages and wildlife conservation programs; and village residents themselves determine how to allocate the revenue they receive. Results have been mixed; while many villages have benefitted from income received from participation in wildlife management, there have also been instances of coercion into participating, disputes between villages regarding WMA practices, and there has been a general lack of transparency in income collection and distribution. Furthermore, it is unclear to what extent recent legislation has actually given a greater degree of control to local government.

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Kaswamila, Abiud L., and Alexander N. Songorwa. "Participatory land-use planning and conservation in northern Tanzania rangelands." African Journal of Ecology 47 (March 2009): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2008.01059.x.

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