Relevant bibliographies by topics / Consensus studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Consensus studies'

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Published: 25 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Consensus studies"

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von der Gracht, Heiko A. "Consensus measurement in Delphi studies." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 79, no. 8 (October 2012): 1525–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2012.04.013.

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Robinson, Amanda L. "Conflicting Consensus." Women & Criminal Justice 10, no. 3 (May 19, 1999): 95–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j012v10n03_05.

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Drake, H. A. "Constantine and Consensus." Church History 64, no. 1 (March 1995): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3168653.

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The church historian Socrates Scholasticus tells a story about an encounter during the Council of Nicaea between the emperor Constantine and the schismatic bishop Acesius. On learning that Acesius's dispute had nothing to do with the Creed or the date of Easter—the two major issues under debate at that Council—Constantine asked, “For what reason then do you separate yourself from communion with the rest of the Church?” Acesius replied that his sect objected to the relative leniency with which other Christians had treated those who had cracked under the empire-wide persecutions of the third century. He then “referred to the rigidness of that austere canon which declares, that it is not right that persons who after baptism have committed a sin, which the sacred Scriptures denominate ‘a sin unto death’ be considered worthy of participation in the sacraments.” Whereupon, Socrates continues, the emperor said to him, “Place a ladder, Acesius, and climb alone into heaven.”
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De Rosa, Salvatore Paolo. "Breaking Consensus, Transforming Metabolisms." Social Text 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01642472-9495160.

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Abstract This article discusses the politics of direct action against fossil fuels put forward by climate justice movements, focusing in particular on the tactic of the blockade. Drawing on the conceptual toolkit of urban political ecology, the argument moves from a critique of the consensual regime of climate change governance to highlight conflict and dissent as central forces for the transformation of the socioecological metabolisms structuring the capitalist urbanization of nature—of which fossil fuels constitute the lifeblood. This approach shifts the debate around climate change politics from an issue of technological transition to one of metabolic transformation. On this basis, the article proposes a characterization of direct action against fossil fuels as expressions of metabolic activism: instances of grassroots ecopolitical engagement that aim to break consensus by disrupting capitalist-driven metabolic relations while also experimenting with alternative values, knowledges, spaces, and sociomaterial relations. To ground these reflections, the article offers an account of the Swedish climate justice coalition Fossilgasfällan and its successful three-year campaign, culminating in a blockade to halt the expansion of the gas terminal of Gothenburg port.
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Goffey, Andrew, and Shannon Lowe. "Caesura of Consensus." Journal for Cultural Research 7, no. 1 (April 2003): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1479758032000079800.

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Zubok, Vladislav M. "An Elusive Consensus." Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 24, no. 4 (September 2023): 867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2023.a910984.

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Abigail Boggs and Nick Mitchell. "Critical University Studies and the Crisis Consensus." Feminist Studies 44, no. 2 (2018): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.15767/feministstudies.44.2.0432.

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Boggs, Abigail, and Nick Mitchell. "Critical University Studies and the Crisis Consensus." Feminist Studies 44, no. 2 (2018): 432–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fem.2018.0028.

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Davidson, Michael. "Cripping Consensus: Disability Studies at the Intersection." American Literary History 28, no. 2 (April 2016): 433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajw008.

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Cross, Claire. "Book Reviews : Consensus Fractured." Expository Times 109, no. 8 (May 1998): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001452469810900816.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consensus studies"

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Raab, Jonathan David. "Consensus-building in electric utility regulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28010.

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Padmanabhan, Sudarsan. "Two models of consensus." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001113.

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Gu, Yuhua. "Ant clustering with consensus." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002959.

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Codjo, Juste E. W. "The logic of strategic consensus: state environment and civil war." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35493.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Security Studies
Emizet F. Kisangani
Why are states sometimes unable to avoid the occurrence of civil war? Most existing theories of civil war focus on rebels’ motivation and capabilities, while taking government’s actions as givens. Not only is the government a key player in the process leading up to civil war, but it is also a non-unitary actor composed of individuals and groups with diverging aspirations. Thus, understanding civil war requires an explanation of the conditions that facilitate or impede what governments do to provide political order. To fill this gap, this dissertation proposes a state-centered theory that explains civil war as an indirect function of state environment, defined in terms of structural and institutional conditions under which governments operate. The argument is that state environment determines the scope of leaders’ consensus on accommodation and coercion, two strategies that governments rely on to provide political order. Specifically, harsh socioeconomic conditions reduce leaders’ strategic consensus. Moreover, leaders’ divisions in socioeconomically poor societies is further exacerbated by democratic institutions. In turn, the lack of consensus on accommodation and coercion increases the risks of civil war. Quantitative and qualitative methods are used to test the theory. The quantitative analysis relies on mediation techniques and on a cross-sectional time series of 162 countries from 1960 to 2007. The results support the theoretical argument. Socioeconomic development is indirectly and inversely related to civil war. About two-thirds of its effect is transmitted through accommodation, while one-third occurs through coercion. Moreover, democratic institutions are positively associated with civil war. When socioeconomic development is low, states with open institutions are the least accommodative and the most coercive. The qualitative methods of “structured, focused comparison” and “process tracing” are used to investigate three cases (Côte d’Ivoire, Romania, and Benin). The findings show that the emergence of sociopolitical dissidence often results from changes in the structure of the state’s socioeconomic or political environment. However, the risks of escalation into civil war are highest when leaders lack consensus about a strategy to resolve the issue at stake. In turn, leaders’ disunity about a bargaining strategy is found to be a product of calculations for political survival.
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Bowman, Cliff. "Perceptions of competitive strategy : realised strategy, consensus and performance." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4051.

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This is a study of managers' perceptions of the strategic priorities in their strategic business unit (SBU). The perceptions managers have of the current competitive strategy of their SBU are used to explore four main research themes. Managers' perceptions are accessed through a brief, standardised questionnaire which contains statements about current strategic priorities. Firstly, the perceptions of managers from the same SBU are used to make inferences about the realised strategy of that business. SBUs in the sample (38) are classified into i3ur realised st:a:egy categories. These are derived from Porter's (1 980) generic strategies. A number of hypotheses concerning the performance implications of these realised strategy categories are developed and tested. Additionally, hypotheses about relationships between consensus (the extent to which managers from the same SBU share the same perceptions of strategic priorities), realised strategy, performance and organizational change are developed and tested. Secondly, the perceptions of managers from rnany different SBUs are used to derive a "mznagerial theory" of competitive strategy. This is developed in the context of a critique zf F'o;:erls generic strategies. Thirdly, the research addresses the sources of influence on managers' perceptions of strategic priorities. Specifically, the influence of the function the manager belongs to, and the industry the SBU conlpetes in are explored. Evidence of functicrnal and industry influence on perceptions is presented. Fourthly, the surfacing of managers' perceptions of current strategic priorities has been used to facilitate strategy debates with managenxnt teams. Examples of the issues raised, and the contributions to management discussion are presented. Finally, the thesis suggests ways in which the approaches taken in the study could be developed to address other issues in the field of strategic management.
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Corburn, Jason. "Pursuing justice in environmental decision making : deliberative democracy and consensus builiding." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10991.

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McQueen, David. "BBC TV's Panorama, conflict coverage and the 'Westminster consensus'." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2010. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/16428/.

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The BBC's 'flagship' current affairs series Panorama, occupies a central place in Britain's television history and yet, surprisingly, it is relatively neglected in academic studies of the medium. Much that has been written focuses on Panorama's coverage of armed conflicts (notably Suez, Northern Ireland and the Falklands) and deals, primarily, with programmes which met with Government disapproval and censure. However, little has been written on Panorama's less controversial, more routine war reporting, or on the programme's more recent history, its evolving journalistic practices and place within the current affairs form. This thesis explores these areas and examines the framing of war narratives within Panorama's coverage of the Gulf conflicts of 1991 and 2003.' One accusation in studies looking beyond Panorama's more contentious episodes is that the series has, traditionally, (over)represented 'establishment' or elite perspectives in its reporting. This charge has been made by media scholars (Williams 1968; Hall et al. 1981; Born, 2004), champions ofrival current affairs programmes (see Goddard et al. 2007) and even by a number ofsenior figures within the BBC and Panorama itself (Day 1990; Dyke 2004a). This thesis tests that view in relation to an archive ofPanorama programmes made between 1987 and 2004, with particular reference to its coverage of the First and Second Gulf Wars. The study aims to establish if Panorama has, in fact, patrolled the 'limits ofdebate', largely confined itself to 'elite views' and predominantly reflected the 'Westminster consensus' in its coverage of conflict. The thesis is supported by interviews with current and former Panorama staff and contains discussion of working practices at Panorama, particularly as they relate to reporting conflicts involving British armed forces. There is an assessment of the BBC's journalistic culture and developments within the News and Current Affairs directorate in the period under discussion; the legal and institutional constraints under which the series operated; challenges and threats to the current affairs tradition; wider concerns relating to television's coverage ofwar in general, and the two wars against Iraq specifically. Questions of indexing and framing are foregrounded in textual and content analysis of forty-two episodes dealing with the Gulf Wars to assess whether Panorama's coverage was overdetermined by official sources and elite perspectives or if it gave adequate space to a diversity of opinions and explanations for the conflicts and thereby fulfilled its legal obligations and Public Service role.
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Ingrum, Barbara L. "The contribution of consensus building workshops to regional planning in Lake Tahoe." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14981.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH
Bibliography: p. 97-98.
by Barbara L. Ingrum.
M.C.P.
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Cornelssen, Curtis Everett. "Planning for the reuse of closing military bases : the need for consensus building." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12168.

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Gerges, Mina. "Paradigms in Social Media Studies." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-263207.

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The aim of this project is to study the level of paradigm development in the domain of social media studies. Based on the works of Kuhn (1970), Pfeffer (1993), and Thompson and Tuden (1959), the level of paradigm development was defined as the degree of consensus regarding: research topics, methods, and theories used in a given field of study. A sample of social media research articles was studied to analyze the level paradigm development within this domain of study. The sample consisted of a group of social media research articles that were published in the top ten journals of communication studies in the last five years. Content analysis methodology was used to analyze the research articles and clusters analysis was utilized in order to investigate the level of paradigm development in this field of study. The analysis confirmed the lack of consensus in the social sciences (Pfeffer, 1993). The level of agreement regarding research methods, theoretical concepts, and research topics used in social media studies was quite low. The lack of consensus in this new domain of study may be explained by two factors. Social media as an academic field is still in its infancy (Van Osch and Coursaris, 2014), and thus it lacks of a shared body of theoretical knowledge that can be used to analyze the phenomenon of social media (Van Osch and Coursaris, 2014; Chong and Xie, 2011; and Khang, Ki, and Ye, 2012). In conclusion, this project suggests that social media studies should aim to develop a high level of paradigm development, since academic fields with high levels of consensus are better organized, have fewer power conflicts, and get more funding (Beyer and Lodhl, 1976; Pfeffer, 1993).
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Books on the topic "Consensus studies"

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1961-, Howson Richard, and Smith Kylie 1968-, eds. Hegemony: Studies in consensus and coercion. New York: Routledge, 2008.

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Office, International Labour. Social Security: A new consensus. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2001.

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Decentralization of education: Politics and consensus. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1996.

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B, Fulton William. Reaching consensus in land-use negotiations. Washington, DC: American Planning Association, 1989.

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B, Fulton William. Reaching consensus in land-use negotiations. Chicago, IL: American Planning Association, 1989.

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B, Fulton William. Reaching consensus in land-use negotiations. Chicago, IL: American Planning Association, 1989.

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Day, Christopher. Consensus design: Socially inclusive process. Oxford: Architectural Press, 2003.

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Kiliánová, Gabriela, Christian Jahoda, and Michaela Ferencová. Ritual, conflict and consensus: Case studies from Asia and Europe. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, ÖAW, 2012.

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Sheldon, Goldman, and Lamb Charles M, eds. Judicial conflict and consensus: Behavioral studies of American appellate courts. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 1986.

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National, Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference (1991 Bethesda Md ). Gastrointestinal surgery for severe obesity: A Consensus Development Conference. (Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Office of Medical Applications of Research, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Consensus studies"

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Kear, Adrian. "Consensus, Dissensus." In Performance Studies, 164–73. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-46315-9_19.

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Bhardwaj, Rashmi, and Debabrata Datta. "Consensus Algorithm." In Studies in Big Data, 91–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38677-1_5.

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Hunston, Susan. "Conflict and consensus." In Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 1–15. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.19.02hun.

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Güven, Ali Burak. "The Washington consensus and the post-Washington consensus." In The Companion to Development Studies, 108–12. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429282348-23.

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Richmond, Oliver P. "Towards the Peacebuilding Consensus." In Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies, 109–54. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55004-1_4.

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Taylor, Timothy Edwin. "Towards Consensus on Well-Being." In Happiness Studies Book Series, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06459-8_1.

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Grek, Sotiria. "Constructing Consensus by Data." In Palgrave Studies in Science, Knowledge and Policy, 89–122. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46606-9_4.

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AbstractThrough a sociological analysis of the actors that have become central to transnational governance over the last 50 years, the chapter focuses on the processes that influence and steer the production of expert knowledge. The chapter adopts the position that its construction is not ‘organic’—the product of traditional knowledge-making as it became dominant from the Enlightenment onwards—but rather the outcome of complex undertakings that often imbricate a wide variety of actors—both national and international, including decision-makers—and different fields. The chapter builds on the shift from Mode 1 to Mode 2 knowledge production (Gibbons et al. in The new production of knowledge: The dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies. Sage, 1994) in order to document further changes to how expert knowledge is produced today: it argues that, at least in the field of global public policy, we see concerted efforts to produce expert knowledge that focuses equally on technocratic and political accountability and that sees brokerage and consensus-making as the ultimate goals in an increasingly polarised and uncertain post-pandemic world.
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Waeyenberge, Elisa Van. "The post-Washington Consensus." In The Essential Guide to Critical Development Studies, 205–14. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315612867-16.

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Waeyenberge, Elisa Van. "The post-Washington consensus." In The Essential Guide to Critical Development Studies, 113–20. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003037187-18.

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Scott, Thomas W., Jason L. Rasgon, William C. Black, and Fred Gould. "Fitness studies: developing a consensus methodology." In Bridging Laboratory and Field Research for Genetic Control of Disease Vectors, 171–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3801-3_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consensus studies"

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Mandl, P., S. M. D. Carstensen, L. Terslev, H. Keen, C. Pineda, and M. A. D’agostino. "POS0915 HARMONISING CONSENSUS AND RELIABILITY STUDIES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND." In EULAR 2024 European Congress of Rheumatology, 12-15 June. Vienna, Austria. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2024-eular.4471.

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Javadi, Mohammad, Ali Esmaeel Nezhad, Matthew Gough, Mohamed Lotfi, and Joao P. S. Catalao. "Implementation of Consensus-ADMM Approach for Fast DC-OPF Studies." In 2019 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sest.2019.8848992.

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Mishuchkov, Andrey, and Sergei Nizhnikov. "Equivational Consensus as a Principle Dialogical Communication." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Ecological Studies (CESSES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cesses-18.2018.82.

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Hartmeyer, S. L., F. S. Webler, and M. Andersen. "TOWARDS A FRAMEWORK FOR LIGHT-DOSIMETRY STUDIES: METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.op16.

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For field research of non-visual effects of light, accurate measurement of personal light exposure is required. A consensus framework for light-dosimetry could improve non-visual field research and ensure comparability between studies. Here we present a review of methodologies used in non-visual light-dosimetry studies published to date, focussing on considerations regarding the measurement and preparation of personal light exposure data. Overall, a large variability in the studies’ methodologies is observed, highlighting the need for a consensus framework. We propose methodological considerations that should be included in such a framework and that can guide future studies. Furthermore, we highlight important points that should be addressed in future research to ensure compatibility between different dosimetry studies. Taken together, this review effort underlines the importance of a systematic approach to light-dosimetry in order to harness all the power of integrative lighting research in real-life.
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Oktian, Yustus Eko, Ivan Kristianto Singgih, and Friska Natalia Ferdinand. "Serious Game for Blockchain Education Purposes (using Proof-of-Work Consensus of Bitcoin)." In 2019 5th International Conference on New Media Studies (CONMEDIA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/conmedia46929.2019.8981820.

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Vatavu, Radu-Daniel. "The Dissimilarity-Consensus Approach to Agreement Analysis in Gesture Elicitation Studies." In CHI '19: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300454.

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Eckstein, Miguel P., Thomas D. Wickens, Gal Aharonov, George Ruan, Craig A. Morioka, and James S. Whiting. "Quantifying the limitations of the use of consensus expert committees in ROC studies." In Medical Imaging '98, edited by Harold L. Kundel. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.306177.

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Ramadhan, Iqbal. "ASEAN Consensus and Forming Cybersecurity Regulation in Southeast Asia." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Contemporary Risk Studies, ICONIC-RS 2022, 31 March-1 April 2022, South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.31-3-2022.2320684.

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Griffin, Kenneth, and Edmund Pendleton. "A Hybrid Launch Vehicle Design Concept Based on Recent Industry Studies --A Consensus View--." In 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-1135.

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ELKAINA, Hammache. "Assessment of the Political Ecosystem of Female Entrepreneurship." In I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-19.

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Our research work on women's entrepreneurship in Algeria has allowed us to identify the social reality of women's entrepreneurship in Algeria, and thus to identify the difficulties and obstacles it faces. To understand the reasons for these obstacles, it became clear to us through these results the necessity of testing the hypothesis “that the difficulties faced by the enterprises are due to the environment in which they are located” and that is through their assessment of this environmental environment. To carry out this research, we relied on the methodology applied by the International Labor Organization. The evaluation framework for the environment of women's entrepreneurship revolves around six variables as follows, first, the existence of a legal and regulatory system sensitive to the gender dimension that contributes to the economic empowerment of women; Secondly ،the position of women entrepreneurship in the national politics, thirdly, the existence of programs for gendersensitive financial interests, fourthly, benefiting from interests to support the development of gendersensitive institutions, fifth, access to markets and access to technology, sixth, representation of women entrepreneurs and their participation in political dialogue. To achieve this research of assessing the environmental environment of women's business in Algeria, we interviewed 42 women entrepreneurs using the focal-loop technique from the states: Algiers, Bejaia, Annaba, Oran and El Bayadh. An assessment of the legal and political ecosystem for women's business in Algeria allowed us to conclude that laws and labor legislation do not constitute a major obstacle for women entrepreneurs who are active in the formal sector, but the practice and reality of the field negatively affect women's micro-enterprises. On the institutional level, the Ministry of Solidarity, Family and Women's Issues has a directorate charged with promoting women. Among its tasks is the development of women's entrepreneurship. The political interest in the development of women's entrepreneurship, the interest of employers in promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship among women, and the contribution of women's entrepreneurship associations to the promotion of quality entrepreneurship, translates into a consensus of various actors in the political, economic and social sphere on the strategic importance of developing women's entrepreneurship. However, access to information remains the weak point for women entrepreneurs
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Reports on the topic "Consensus studies"

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Serrano, Rodrigo. What Makes Inter-Agency Coordination Work?: Insights from the Literature and Two Case Studies. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011336.

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The purpose of this report is to discuss some of the key aspects involved in achieving Interagency Coordination (IC) that come out from the academic literature as well as from two case studies of ongoing operations funded by the Inter-American Development Bank. Four general questions that are addressed here: 1) What are the arguments in favor and against IC? Where does the consensus lie now?; 2) What are the coordination tools and strategies available for public managers?; 3) What are the conditions that favor or hinder effective IC?; 4) What practical recommendations policymakers need to bear in mind when designing and implementing programs that involve IC? The case studies of the Women Heads of Household Plan (Plan Jefas de Hogar) in Argentina, and the Darien Sustainable Development Program (Desarrollo Sustentable de Darién) in Panamá are given.
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Soummane, Salaheddine, and Aisha Al-Sarihi. Impacts of Global Climate Policies on Middle Eastern Oil Exporters: A Review of Economic Implications and Mitigation Strategies. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2022-dp16.

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Climate policies are tightening in an effort to curb carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, global oil demand may peak and gradually decline, causing oil prices to fall. A structural fall in oil prices may have serious implications for Middle Eastern oil exporters. Many studies attempt to estimate the economic implications of climate change response measures for oil exporting countries. However, they have not reached a consensus regarding the magnitude of these implications.
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Rohwerder, Brigitte. Lessons from Post-war Reconstruction Programmes. Institute of Development Studies, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.013.

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This rapid evidence review explores lessons learned from post-war reconstruction programs, focusing on case studies from Lebanon, Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Gaza Strip, with an emphasis on the Middle East and North Africa region. It underscores the complexities of reconstruction, highlighting challenges such as political involvement, inadequate engagement with affected individuals, and insufficient international assistance. Key lessons include prioritising local involvement, building consensus on reconstruction priorities, ensuring transparency and accountability, and addressing underlying conflict causes. The review stresses the importance of coordination, capacity-building, and long-term commitment in successful reconstruction efforts.
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Dong, Wei, Wei Zhang, Jianxu Er, Jiapeng Liu, and Jiange Han. Lesser complications of laryngeal mask airway than endotracheal tubes in pediatric airway management: A review of literature and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0066.

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Review question / Objective: The relevant expert consensus has not pointed out which ventilation device is better during general anesthesia in the pediatric airway management for elective surgery. Condition being studied: We carried out a keyword search using the terms “layngeal mask, LMA, endotracheal tube, tracheal tube, children, pediatric, anesthesia, RCT, randomized controlled trials, randomized, elective surgery.” In general, searches are developed in MEDLINE in Ovid; Embase.com; the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via the Wiley Interface; Web of Science Core Collection; PubMed restricting to records in the subset “as supplied by publisher” to find references that not yet indexed in MEDLINE; and Google Scholar. When available, these databases were searched using a combination of subject headings (such as MeSH) and filters (such as RCT). We reviewed references of included studies to identify relevant studies. We imposed no language or time restriction. The exact date of the database search is September 1, 2021.We carried out a keyword search using terms “layngeal mask, LMA, endotracheal tube, tracheal tube, children, pediatric, anesthesia, RCT, randomized controlled trials, randomized, elective surgery.”
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Balk, Ethan M., Kristin J. Konnyu, Wangnan Cao, Monika Reddy Bhuma, Valery A. Danilack, Gaelen P. Adam, Kristen A. Matteson, and Alex Friedman Peahl. Schedule of Visits and Televisits for Routine Antenatal Care: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer257.

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Background. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine plan a new evidence-based joint consensus statement to address the preferred visit schedule and the use of televisits for routine antenatal care. This systematic review will support the consensus statement. Methods. We searched PubMed®, Cochrane databases, Embase®, CINAHL®, ClinicalTrials.gov, PsycINFO®, and SocINDEX from inception through February 12, 2022. We included comparative studies from high-income countries that evaluated the frequency of scheduled routine antenatal visits or the inclusion of routine televisits, and qualitative studies addressing these two topics. We evaluated strength of evidence for 15 outcomes prioritized by stakeholders. Results. Ten studies evaluated scheduled number of routine visits and seven studies evaluated televisits. Nine qualitative studies also addressed these topics. Studies evaluated a wide range of reduced and traditional visit schedules and approaches to incorporating televisits. In comparisons of fewer to standard number of scheduled antenatal visits, moderate strength evidence did not find differences for gestational age at birth (4 studies), being small for gestational age (3 studies), Apgar score (5 studies), or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions (5 studies). Low strength evidence did not find differences in maternal anxiety (3 studies), preterm births (3 studies), and low birth weight (4 studies). Qualitative studies suggest that providers believe fewer routine visits may be more convenient for patients and may free up clinic time to provide additional care for patients with high-risk pregnancies, but both patients and providers had concerns about potential lesser care with fewer visits. In comparisons of hybrid (televisits and in-person) versus in-person only visits, low strength evidence did not find differences in preterm births (4 studies) or NICU admissions (3 studies), but did suggest greater satisfaction with hybrid visits (2 studies). Qualitative studies suggested patients and providers were open to reduced schedules and televisits for routine antenatal care, but importantly, patients and providers had concerns about quality of care, and providers and clinic leadership had suggestions on how to best implement practice changes. Conclusion. The evidence base is relatively sparse, with insufficient evidence for numerous prioritized outcomes. Studies were heterogeneous in the care models employed. Where there was sufficient evidence to make conclusions, studies did not find significant differences in harms to mother or baby between alternative models, but evidence suggested greater satisfaction with care with hybrid visits. Qualitative evidence suggests diverse barriers and facilitators to uptake of reduced visit schedules or televisits for routine antenatal care. Given the shortcomings of the evidence base, considerations other than proof of differences in outcomes may need to be considered regarding implications for clinical practice. New studies are needed to evaluate prioritized outcomes and potential differential effects among different populations or settings.
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Hodder, Rebecca, Luke Wolfenden, Kate O’Brien, Courtney Barnes, Alison Brown, and Fiona Stacey. The effectiveness of obesity prevention approaches targeting children aged 5–12 years delivered in primary schools. The Sax Institute, October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/lowm3578.

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This Evidence Check was used to inform the program review and refresh of the ‘Live Life Well @ School’ program as part of the NSW Healthy Children Initiative. It aimed to discover the effectiveness of obesity prevention programs for children delivered in primary school settings. It also examined how best to implement them, to maximise the number of children participating and the overall impact of the programs. Eighteen studies were found to address the question of effectiveness, finding evidence for programs focused on nutrition, physical activity or a combination of them (sometimes with additional components); school food service and environments; and active travel strategies. The studies addressing this question were judged to be of moderate to critically low quality. Thirty-two studies were found to address the question of implementation, finding evidence for strategies involving audit and feedback; continuous quality improvement; external funding; education materials; education meetings or outreach visits; local consensus processes; local opinion leaders; and tailored interventions to improve implementation of healthy canteen policies.
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Opala-Berdzik, Agnieszka, Magdalena Rudek-Zeprzałka, Justyna Niesporek, Maciej Cebula, Jan Baron, Katarzyna Gruszczyńska, Augusto Gil Pascoal, Patrícia Mota, and Daria Chmielewska. Technical aspects of the inter-recti distance measurement with ultrasonographic imaging for physiotherapy purposes: A protocol for a scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0116.

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Review question / Objective: The scoping review aims to identify publications describing the measurement of inter-recti distance (IRD)/diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) using ultrasonographic imaging (USI). The identification is based on the population/concept/context (PCC) framework that concerns human adults that underwent IRD/linea alba width/DRA measurement with USI for physiotherapy/physical exercise purposes. Based on systematically mapped peer-reviewed studies it is aimed to perform data extraction and synthesis of specific aspects of the IRD measurement procedure and discuss their similarities and differences. Related to that the attempt will be made to formulate recommendations on the IRD measurement procedure, which might be considered in future physiotherapy studies and practice. The recommendations will be made based on the synthesis of the results in light of existing literature and as the result of discussions and consensus between the authors (coming from three research centers).
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Ying, Hongan, Jinfan Shao, Xijuan Xu, Wenfeng Yu, and Weiwen Hong. Perineural Invasion is an Indication of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node Negative Colorectal cancer. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0103.

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Review question / Objective: Perineural invasion (PNI) is a possible route for metastatic spread in various cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). PNI is linked to poor prognosis. For patients with lymph node positive colorectal cancer, a number of large-scale RCT studies have confirmed that they can benefit from chemotherapy, but there are still many controversies about whether colorectal patients with negative lymph nodes need adjuvant chemotherapy. At present, there is a general consensus that patients with stage II colorectal cancer who have risk factors such as PNI+ need chemotherapy. However, there are many recent literatures that show that patients with stage II colorectal cancer with nerve invasion risk factors can not prolong the OS and DFS of patients. At the same time, chemotherapy increases the toxicity, economic and mental burden of patients. Therefore, we hope to write this review to summarize the current research findings and provide some clinical guidance on whether patients with lymph node negative colon cancer who have perineural invasion should receive chemotherapy. Condition being studied: Patients with high-risk such as PNI+ stage II colon cancer (CC) are recommended to undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). However, whether such patients can benefit from ACT remains unclear. And recently studies shown that, ACT had no significant benefit among patients with PNI.
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Greenberg, Mark. Evidence for Social and Emotional Learning in Schools. Learning Policy Institute, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/928.269.

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There is a consensus among educators, parents, and policymakers that education should include a focus on supporting essential social and emotional capacities to help children navigate the world successfully. To develop these competencies, many schools adopt social and emotional learning programs. This report reviews the findings from 12 meta-analyses on school-based SEL programs. Across these studies, there is a consistent, reliable effect of tested, evidence-based SEL programs on students’ social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes in PreK–12th grade, including the development of social and emotional skills, improved academic engagement and performance, growth of positive social behaviors, and lower rates of behavior problems and psychological distress. These findings are applicable across gender, ethnicity and race, income, and other demographic variables.
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Wang, Qing, Zi-Xu Wang, Nasu M. Otomi, and Shinji Mine. Association between cutoffs for classifying high- and low-volume hospitals and long-term survival after eophagectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0023.

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Review question / Objective: It is still unclear about the association between cutoffs for classifying high- and low-volume hospitals and long-term survival after esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer. Condition being studied: It remains controversial whether size of hospital volume influences long-term survival outcomes for patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy. In addition, there is still no consensus for defining a reasonable cutoff of esophagectomies per year for classifying high- and low-volume hospitals. Information sources: After the retrieval of the relevant articles, they were screened to remove the duplicates. Search results were screened by two authors (Q.W. and Z.X.W.) independently according to the titles and abstracts. Next, the retained studies were searched for their full text and further were screened according to the following criteria: surgery for esophageal carcinoma as the theme; primary outcomes included hospital volume and long-term OS; comparison of OS between high- and low-volume hospitals; original articles with informative data; articles reporting adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) in multi-variate analysis; and articles in which procedural volume was an exact cutoff. Any disagreements were resolved through consultation with the third author.
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