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1
Taylor, Dominic Alexander. "David Hume and the Search for Social Consensus." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625817.
2
Brubaker, Dale M. "Predicting strength of consensus in small groups." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040244/.
3
Morrow, Jeffrey A. "Tracking consensus in product development teams /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10694.
4
Bal, Ravtosh. "Public participation in science and technology policy: consensus conferences and social inclusion." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44773.
Abstract:
This study looks at the National Citizens' Technology Forum (NCTF), a modified version of the consensus conference, which took place in March, 2008 in six cities across the U.S. to understand how inclusive these methods of public participation are in practice. The research focused on two of these sites. Inclusion of participants was defined in terms of presence, voice and being heard. Transcripts of the audio-visual recordings of the proceedings were the main data of analysis. By focusing on the talk within these deliberative forums, the study looked at how the rules of engagement and status (ascribed and achieved) differences between participants can affect inclusion. The analysis did not reveal any substantial effects of ascribed characteristics on deliberation. Facilitation and the presence of expertise among the participants were found to influence inclusion and equality among participants. These findings suggest that organizers and facilitators of deliberative exercises have to be reflexive of their role as well as aware of the group dynamics. The results also address the larger questions within science and technology policy like the role of expertise and the public in decision making, the institutional design of participatory exercises, and their relation to the political culture and the policy process.
5
Verlhiac, Jean-François. "L'effet de faux consensus et jugement social : une contribution expérimentale." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF20085.
Abstract:
L'auteur entreprend une revue de questions de la littérature concernant l'effet de faux consensus (F. C. E), qui est l'a priori des sujets selon lequel leurs goûts ou leurs comportements sont appropriés, tandis qu'ils jugent déviantes les réponses qui divergent des leurs. Il montre que les processus cognitifs relativement généraux oeuvrent pour l'apparition du FCE. Mais, il plaide pour une large prise en compte de ce phénomène comme stratégie d'adaptation sociale du sujet aux propriétés changeantes du milieu dans lequel il est placé. C'est dans ce cadre que l'auteur montre l'importance du contexte qui conditionne l'actualisation et le renforcement ou l'affaiblissement du FCE. Plus précisément, il montre que l'ajustement des jugements de consensus aux propriétés du milieu dépend du contexte de présentation des informations à propos du consensus que les sujets croient avoir en leur possession. Enfin, l'auteur montre dans quelle mesure le contexte social génère des dynamiques de raisonnement spécifiques aux configurations qu'il prendThe author undertakes a review of questions of the literature concerning the false consensus effect (f. C. E. ), that is the tendency of a subject to think that his opinions are appropriated, while he judges opinions of others rather abnormal when they differ from its point of view. He shows that relatively general cognitive processes entail the presence of the f. C. E. But he pleads for a large taken into account of this phenomenon as social adaptation strategy of the subject to changing properties of the context in which he is placed. In this framework, the author shows the importance of the context that determines the strengthening or the weakening of the f. C. E. . More precisely, he notes that the adjustment of consensus judgements to properties of the environment depends on the context of presentation of information to purpose of the consensus that subjets believe to have in their possession. Finally, the author shows how the social context generates specific reasoning dynamics to configurations that it takes
6
Polk, John W. "The effects of an expert on the small-group consensus process." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-125127/.
7
Bassin, Genevieve School of Politics & International Relations UNSW. "The agony of human rights a discussion and eveluation of the illusive consensus." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Politics and International Relations, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/30516.
Abstract:
How can a normative consensus on human rights develop out of a plurality of different and conflicting ethico-cultural discourses? It is frequently assumed that any agreement on universal human rights must necessarily occur in spite of pluralism from which conflict might arise. Consequently, various images of consensus have been proposed wherein pluralism is viewed as something to be mitigated or overcome. However, such images of consensus fail to offer a satisfactory response to the original question since they fail to fully recognise the political and contestational nature of human rights discourse. This thesis aims to address questions as to how conflict and contingency, both commonly associated with pluralism, can be mediated in a way that is constructive of a particular political community, and constitutive of a vital and innovative discourse on human rights. Hence, theories on agonistic pluralism are discussed and evaluated since they address this very issue ??? the potential for struggle to act as a constructive force. Also in this thesis, a historical analysis of key milestones in the development of a human rights discourse is presented wherein it is argued that human rights have indeed been contingent upon particular instances of struggle and have found expression in a plurality of distinct ethico-cultural discourses. Finally, in order to further illustrate the adaptability of human rights to more than one ethical discourse, examples are presented in which various Muslim scholar-activists justify human rights norms according to Islamic doctrinal principles. Overall, it is the argument of this thesis that it is possible to imagine a human rights consensus, not as a ???world consensus???, but in terms of a sectional political association whose membership is culturally pluralist. In saying this, it must be acknowledged that this construction is necessarily always precarious, precisely because of the contestational, contingent and transformative nature of the discourse of human rights. Also, although only sectional in terms of its support base, the ???consensus??? I describe necessarily strives to become a universal consensus. While universal respect for human rights is ultimately illusive, in view of the universalism of human rights as a discourse, to strive for anything less is unacceptable. In the end, the constant struggle to establish a universal consensus on human rights is precisely that which effects positive, practical change.
8
Lai, Wing-pang. "Consensus building in planning in Hong Kong : a case study of Southeast Kowloon development /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25248388.
9
Campos, Thiago Manchini de 1981. "Brasil, um pais de todos : lingua, liberdade e cidadania (por uma analise dos discursos e politicas publicas educacionais)." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269026.
Abstract:
Orientador: Carolina Maria Rodriguez ZuccolilloDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos das noções de liberdade e cidadania no discurso político educacional brasileiro, de forma a verificar o sentido destas no processo de construção e funcionamento do consenso. Sendo estas noções provenientes da Grécia Antiga, acreditamos que contribuiria para a pesquisa acompanhar o seu percurso histórico, passando pela Idade Média, Revolução Francesa e Revolução Industrial, desembocando no Brasil do século XX. Tendo em vista explicitar o histórico na constituição de sentidos, o corpus foi constituído por recortes das Leis de Diretrizes e Bases de 1961, 1971 e 1996; das Constituições de 1946, 1967 (e a respectiva Emenda Constitucional de 1969) e 1988; e dos PCNs de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Fundamental e as Bases Legais dos PCNs do Ensino Médio. Lançando mão a algumas ferramentas propostas pela Análise de Discurso, decidimos focar nos capítulos e artigos que dizem respeito à temática do projeto, de forma a fazer uma análise caracterizada pela verticalidade. Concluímos que os sentidos de liberdade e cidadania são apresentados nos respectivos documentos como a priori, nunca sendo discutidos. A análise mostrou que, no que diz respeito à cidadania, os documentos são contraditórios, sendo esta apresentada como um direito constitucional, mas também como algo a ser "conquistado" via instrução, sendo que o domínio da "Língua Nacional" tem um papel importante. Neste sentido, a escola, metáfora da cidade urbanizada, espaço de visibilidade, de produção de saberes sobre o indivíduo, é o espaço onde o aluno pode "vir a ser cidadão". Operando dentro de uma lógica consensual de apagamento das diferenças, a escola disciplina o indivíduo, tratando todos como iguais. Desta forma, a análise mostrou que cidadão é o indivíduo escolarizado, sendo liberdade e cidadania práticas ideológicas às quais este tem que se submeter, ocasionando a produção de uma divisão entre o cidadão e o não-cidadão brasileiro
Abstract: The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the meanings of the notions of freedom and citizenship in the Brazilian political educational discourse, allowing to verify the meaning of these in the process of construction and functioning of the consensus. The fact that these notions proceed from ancient Greece, we believed that it would contribute to this research to follow their historical course, passing by the Middle Ages, the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution and ending in Brazil on the 20th century. With the objective of expliciting the role of the historical in the constitution of meanings, the corpus was constituted by clippings of the "Leis de Diretrizes e Bases" of 1961, 1971 and 1996; the Federal Constitutions of 1946, 1967 (and the respective Constitutional Amendment of 1969) and 1988; the PCNs of Portuguese Language of Basic School and the Legal Bases of the PCNs of High School. Using some tools proposed by the Discourse Analysis, we decide to focus on the chapters and articles that are connected to the thematic of the project, vertically characterizing the analysis. We concluded that the meanings of freedom and citizenship are presented "a priori" in the respective documents, never being discussed. The analysis showed that the documents are contradictory in what says respect to the citizenship. It is presented as a constitutional right, but also as something "to be conquered" by way of instruction. In this process, the domain of the "National Language" has an important role. The school, metaphor of the urbanized city, space of visibility, production of knowledge about the individual, is the space where the student can "come to be a citizen". Operating inside a consensual logic of deletion of the differences, the school disciplines the individual, treating all as equal. In such a way, the analysis showed that the citizen is the schoolarized individual, being freedom and citizenship ideological practices, to which the individual has to submit itself, causing to the production of a division between the citizen and the Brazilian non-citizen
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística
10
Grosso, Laura Margaret. "Computing collaboration : a study of the potential of model building to facilitate urban water supply planning in selected cities of Zimbabwe, Estonia, and Sweden /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10804.
11
Keeling, John F. "The effects of meeting participation and outcome expectations on strength of consensus." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-171316/.
12
Watkins, Dawn Adele. "Consensus decision-making at Guilford College : a case study analysis /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112009-040429/.
13
Vidal, Michel. "L'Institution sportive comme monde domestique? : Consensus et compromis au sein d'un comité sportif régional." Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON14001.
Abstract:
Alors que le sport moderne se trouve traversé d'enjeux financiers, d'adversité politique, d'intérêts locaux, alors qu'il prône la performance en même temps que la simple participation, alors que ses idoles s'enrichissent ouvertement et que ,des chômeurs et des bénévoles les soutiennent, on peut s'interroger sUr le phénomène sportif et plus précisément sur la ,façon dont il parvient à se développer et s'instituer dans la durée au-delà des paradoxes essentiels qui l'habitent. Si, à travers les retransmissions des grandes compétitions, l'exposition du fait sportif est manifeste, son organisation, elle, reste un espace moins éclairé. L'institution sportive constitue donc l'objet de ce travail d'analyse sociologique, afin de comprendre comment celle-ci se tient, comment elle « fait» corps ? Plutôt que faire reposer l'analyse de 'l'institution sportivè sur un ordre unique, qu'il soit marchand, industriel, ou politique, nous avons choisi d'appréhender la complexité de l'unité apparente du sport comme condition initiale de sa réalité. En conséquence, l'apport des Economies de la Grandeur est· venu soutenir de manière pragmatique, une vision organisationnelle mais aussi anthropologique de l'institution sportive, afm de traduire la pluralité des ordres de justification qu'elle recèle. Cette thèse met en évidence l'importance de la référence au monde domestique au sein de l'institution sportive, qui permet de lier la pluralité de ses acteurs en permettant la construction d'accords et de compromis durablesWhile modern sport is through financial, issues of political adversity to local interests, even though it advocates the performance as simple p,hicipation, while its idols enrich openly and unemployed people and volunteers support, can question the sports phenomenon and how it is able to develop and introduce in duration beyond basic paradoxes that inhabit more precisely. If, through major competitions, the sports fact exposure is patent, his organization remains less informed space. The sporting institufion thetefore constitutes the object of this sociological analysis, in order to understand how it is being held, how it "done" corpse? Rather than to base the analysis of the sporting institution on a single order, whether commercial, industrial or political, we chose to understand the complexity of the apparent unit y of sport as initial condition of its reality. Accordingly, the contribution of the sociology of critics came support pragmatically, an organizational and anthropological vision of sporting institution, to translate the plurality of justification Jhat it orders. This thesis emphasizes the importance of the reference to the domestic world princip les of the sporting institution, which allows binding the plurality of its players to build agreements and durable compromise
14
Cobb, Shane Kent. "Consociational democracy : the model and its relevance to conflict regulation in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15831.
Abstract:
Bibliography: pages 180-190.The purpose of this paper is to survey the literature of consociational theory, assess its validity as a conceptual model, and to analyse both its relevance and utility as a potential framework of conflict regulation in South Africa. The paper is divided into five chapters: an overview of consociational theory as it is presented by its leading exponents; a critique of the theory's methodology and major suppositions; a modified model of consociational democracy in light of the theoretical criticisms; an application and evaluation of the modified model to South Africa; and, finally, some observations about consociational democracy's possible viability as a transitory mechanism between the present system and black majority-rule in a unitary system. The objective is to illustrate that consociational government is, normatively, an inadequate constitutional system for South Africa and, more broadly, for polities characterised by extreme ethnic or economic conflict.
15
Antshuka, Ngonga Lokengo. "Le consensus politique, une voie pour (re)construire la démocratie en Afrique: essai d'analyse du processus de démocratisation en Afrique subsaharienne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211714.
16
Walsh, Christine M. "The effects of group members' personality traits and influence on individual consensus." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-040325/.
17
Ménager, Lucie. "Communication, connaissance commune et consensus." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00174147.
Abstract:
Cette thèse vise à dégager l'unité des travaux sur la connaissance commune, réalisés à la suite de l'article fondateur d'Aumann ("Agreeing to Disagree ", 1976). Elle se compose de six chapitres. Les deux premiers présentent la modélisation de la connaissance utilisée, ainsi que les résultats de la littérature. Les trois suivants sont des contributions originales à la littérature. Le dernier compare les propriétés des conditions introduites dans les chapitres 3 et 4 avec les conditions de la littérature. Dans le chapitre 3, on généralise le résultat d'Aumann et de Cave [1976] et Bacharach [1985] au cas où la connaissance commune porte sur une statistique des décisions individuelles. On montre que si les règles de décisions suivies par les agents sont stables par l'union équilibrée, et si la statistique est exhaustive, alors la connaissance commune d'une statistique des décisions individuelles implique le consensus. Dans le chapitre 4, on étudie les conditions sous lesquelles la communication des décisions individuelles peut mener au consensus. On montre que des conditions suffisantes sont que le protocole de communication soit équitable, et que les agents communiquent leur action optimale, c'est-à-dire l'action qui maximise leur espérance d'utilité. Le chapitre 5 part du constat que différents protocoles de communication conduisent à des issues différentes, en termes de consensus et de montant d'information apprise par les agents pendant le processus. On montre que s'il est connaissance commune parmi des agents que certains d'entre eux sont en désaccord à propos du protocole à utiliser, alors le consensus est le même quel que soit le protocole.
18
Prata, Adriana. "Government domination, consensus or chaos? a study of party discipline and agenda control in national legislatures /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3237560.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed December 12, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-143).
19
Gourgues, Guillaume. "Le consensus participatif : les politiques de démocratie dans quatre régions françaises." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00586372.
Abstract:
Pourquoi et comment les autorités publiques multiplient-elles les dispositifs censés incarner leur engagement en matière de participation directe des citoyens au processus décisionnel ? C'est en s'appuyant sur une comparaison entre quatre offres publiques régionales de participation que cette thèse entend répondre à cette question. L'étude diachronique de quatre conseils régionaux français ayant décidé, au milieu des années 2000, d'adopter un ensemble de dispositifs participatifs, selon des temporalités, des modalités et des agencements différenciés permet ainsi de révéler l'existence d'un consensus concernant la densification de cette offre. Malgré une hétérogéneité d'objectifs et de méthodes, la démocratie participative telle qu'elle se donne à voir dans ces cas d'étude est dotée d'un même ensemble de technologies et d'instruments : les listes de participants, les administrations spécialisées et les indicateurs sociodémographiques permettant la traçabilité des participants en sont les principaux piliers. Le recours systématique et consensuel à cet ensemble, quelles que soient les expériences et les régions, est l'objet d'une interprétation du lien qu'il crée entre participation et gouvernement. La démocratie participative est alors considérée sous l'angle du dispositif qui la sous-tend, composée de technologies permettant d'administrer la mobilisation d'une partie toujours plus conséquente de la population. Les conséquences du déploiement de cette capacité gouvernementale sont alors interrogées sous un angle critique, considérant notamment la manière dont ces espaces de participation administrée entendent gérer les flux politiques émanant du social.
20
Desai, Amar Dasrath Jayant. "Politics and religion : the need for an overlapping consensus (an exemplar from the Hindu tradition)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10021968/.
Abstract:
This Thesis examines the consensus Hinduism in India shares with the ideology of liberal pluralism, and applies these reflections to religious education in the English context. The Rawlsian theory of justice models the political structure of a liberal plural society. Insights from communitarianism, relativism and Alasdair Maclntyre, are critically assessed and used to enlarge this model. Further, Carol Gilligan and Tom Kitwood emphasise that moral citizens in a plural society need, and must provide, a caring and open environment. The overlapping consensus across liberal pluralism and the Hindu tradition is assessed at the (i) theological and (ii) empirical levels. (i) Vedantic concepts are formulated to highlight a potentially strong consensus across Vedantic and liberal viewpoints. The presentation of God as a caring and egalitarian mother is emphasised. (ii) A landscape survey (sample size 550) was conducted to help focus the case-study investigations. Case-studies of four Indian young Hindus studied attitudes towards pluralism through discussions on Ayodhya 1992. The minute sample size of the casestudy meant that this data could not, in itself, justify inductive generalisation. Nevertheless, the case-studies did highlight some important and disconcerting voices, and did not contradict the conclusions from the larger landscape survey. The data warns that contemporary sentiment may be incongruent with the potentially strong consensus across liberal pluralism and Vedantic theology. The conditions responsible for this are explored. It is suggested that a combination of secularism and the exclusion of religious education from State education has contributed to ignorance of liberal theological imperatives and reinforced the communal isolation between the Hindu and Muslim communities. Amongst Hindus, this has caused suspicion and illiberal attitudes. The lessons from India are applied to the English plural situation. Juxtaposing Rawlsian theory aside recent pragmatic initiatives, a model for religious education suitable for the perpetuation of a liberal pluralism is proposed. This Interface Approach Towards a Liberal Indigenous Charter (IATaLIC) model respects liberal justice but recognises the classroom educator's limitations in motivating young persons with a strong religious identity towards a liberal disposition. Equally problematically, traditional religious leaders and scholars within the community may not care for justice. Hence the classroom religious educator, sympathetic towards both the liberal and traditional agendas, must work with the community leaders and scholars. Educators must encourage these personnel to excavate liberal principles from their religious texts, and then evangelise these principles throughout their community. Then, justice will be met and communal integrity maintained. Communal tension in India may be due to a liberal State prohibiting such an approach. In England, opportunities do exist for education to establish a consensus across religious and liberal viewpoints. Such opportunities should not be neglected.
21
Law, Chun-nam, and 羅振南. "Civilianization of disciplined services of the HKSAR Government: authentic consensus through communicativeaction." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36450935.
22
Law, Chun-nam. "Civilianization of disciplined services of the HKSAR Government authentic consensus through communicative action /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36450935.
23
Barnard, Susan Smith. "Interior design creativity : the development and testing of a methodology for the consensual assessment of projects /." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134734/.
24
Gomes, Luiz Roberto. "O consenso na teoria do agir comunicativo de Habermas e suas implicações para a educação." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252525.
Abstract:
Orientador: Pedro L. GoergenTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: No formato de uma pesquisa teórico-conceitual, sob o título ¿O consenso na Teoria do Agir Comunicativo de Habermas e suas implicações para a Educação¿, a presente tese busca elucidar, por intermédio da explicitação do conceito de consenso, alguns dos mais relevantes aspectos da teoria habermasiana para a educação contemporânea. Trata-se de uma investigação que resgata as premissas teóricas de Habermas, como base conceitual e como identificação das possíveis contribuições da sua teoria para a fundamentação de um projeto educativo crítico-emancipatório baseado no reconhecimento intersubjetivo das pretensões de validade do agir comunicativo. Para efeito de demonstração da tese, o autor fundamenta os seus argumentos no conceito de consenso que lhe permite analisar os impactos da crise da contemporaneidade à luz do debate que se estabelece entre modernidade e pós-modernidade. Com o referencial do potencial crítico e reflexivo da modernidade, continuado por Habermas na Teoria do Agir Comunicativo, o estudo salienta a relevância do consenso como um critério fundamental para o desenvolvimento de uma ação educativa emancipatória
Abstract: In the format of a theoretical-conceptual research, under the title "The consensus in the Theory of the Act of Habermas and its implications for the Education", the present thesis tries to elucidate, through explicit of the consensus concept, some of the more important habermasian theory aspects for the contemporary education. It is an investigation that rescues Habermas' theoretical premises, like conceptual base and as possible contributions identification of his theory for the development of an educational project critic-emancipatory based on recognition inter-subjective of the validity pretenses of the communicative act. For thesis demonstration effect, the author bases his arguments in the consensus concept that allows you to analyze the contemporaneousness crisis impacts to the debate light that is established between modernity and post-modernity. With referential of the modernity potential critic and reflexive, continued by Habermas in the Communicative Acting Theory, the study points out the consensus relevance as a fundamental criterion for the development of an educational emancipating action
Doutorado
Historia, Filosofia e Educação
Doutor em Educação
25
Harris, Victor W., and Brian Visconti. "Southern Romance: Relationship Quality, Consensus, and Context Among Cohabiting Couples in the Gulf States." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/8.
Abstract:
Relationship quality, satisfaction and stability have been topics of interest for some time, as marriage and family structure have undergone significant changes since the 1970s. Researchers have observed a continuing decline in marital quality and satisfaction among first-time married couples (Amato, Johnson, Booth, & Rogers, 2003; Schramm & Harris, 2010). This interest in dyadic couple relationship quality was likely driven by the expanding awareness that quality of marital relationships influences a broad range of positive and negative outcomes; healthy, satisfying marriages provide numerous benefits important to individuals and society, while marital dissolution has a profoundly negative effect (Amato, 2010; Cowan & Cowan, 2005; Harris, Schramm, Marshall, & Lee, 2012; Schramm & Harris, 2010). Furthermore, subjective levels of marital quality and satisfaction are predictive of both marital stability and marital dissolution (Gottman, 1994; Gottman & Notarius, 2000). Furthermore, subjective levels of marital quality and satisfaction are predictive of both marital stability and marital dissolution (Gottman, 1994; Gottman & Notarius, 2000).
This study represents a continuing line of research into correlations between relationship quality and satisfaction, intimate partner consensus, and relevant contextual factors among married and unmarried cohabiting couples in a sample of residents in the Gulf States region, which encompasses the States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas and included 1,360 respondents. The current study proceeds from an initial baseline study of dyadic couple trends in this region and is part of an ongoing line of research scheduled to continue over the next four years through a federal healthy marriages and relationships grant.
26
Yamamoto, Takashi. "Issues of Consensus and Concern: Family Relationships of the Elderly in the United States and Japan." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2400.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore cultural differences between America and Japan concerning four domains: past family relationships, current family relationships, the support network, and well-being.
Concern and consensus in the family are the principal background issues in this study. In America there has been a change from consensus (sharing basic similarity of values or attitudes and interests) to concern (an intense emotional involvement and affectional closeness). In contrasting the American and Japanese societies, consensus and concern constitute different orders from a more traditional context to the current societal context. This cultural difference impacts the relationship between the dynamics of the family in the early formative years, and how the individual responds within the current family. Ramifications are apparent in the quality of the current relationships, use of informal and formal support networks, and individual well-being.
The Family of Origin Scale was used to measure past family relationships. The Positive Affect Index and Interaction Index were used to measure current family relationships. The support network was measured by questions selected from the Older Americans Resources and Services Program. The revised version of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Moral Scale, the Life Satisfaction Index A, and the LSI-K (1990) constituted the measurement devices for personal well-being. The sample consisted of elderly individuals 70 to 79 years of age, 77 from America and 42 from Japan.
The major finding in America was that this society has changed from a consensus to a concern orientation. For example, autonomy is positively related to personal well-being. The relationship holds true in terms of past family experiences as well as current family relationships.
The data also show the impact of rapid social change in the nation of Japan. Japanese culture reflects an orientation change from traditional family concern to more of a consensus perspective. Family and personal well-being are related to perceived family intimacy in the past. A positive perception of current family relations was related to solidarity. It was concluded that rapid social change and modernization in Japan have brought about these major changes in terms of consensus and concern. Shifts on these two dimensions have implications for the adjustment and well-being of the elderly in a family context.
27
Liu, Kam-keung Dennis. "The school consensus and the perceived school effectiveness a study of secondary schools in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37376299.
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賴穎鵬 and Wing-pang Lai. "Consensus building in planning in Hong Kong: a case study of Southeast Kowloon development." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43894975.
29
Liu, Kam-keung Dennis, and 廖金強. "The school consensus and the perceived school effectiveness: a study of secondary schools in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37376299.
30
Colin, Mathilde. "Depoliticizing discourses. The role of editorials in the reproduction of consensus: assessing the media coverage of the Yellow Vest movement." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22874.
Abstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to study how Yellow Vest protests, which started 17November 2018, and protesters themselves, were being described in the French mainstreampress. The material consisted in 19 editorials from 5 of the most-circulated newspapers in thecountry. They were analyzed using Norman Fairclough’s model of critical discourse analysisand within a theoretical framework drawn from Chantal Mouffe’s discussion of the notion ofconsensus. The findings suggest that the mainstream discourse on Yellow Vests is one whichdenies their legitimacy within the political realm through a process of depoliticizationsupported by discourses of contempt, republicanism, and unity. This study illustrates thestruggle of protesters to be granted space and legitimacy within contemporary democracies to properly exercise their civil and political rights.
31
Momiroski, Toni Ross William. "Knowing and acting in the environment : the relationship between knowledge, beliefs and actions in environmental students and alumni /." Abstract, 2009. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2552/cd425/4936030.pdf.
32
Grunau, Martin H. "The effects of incentive structures and conflict management on perceived decision quality and the strength of consensus." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040317/.
33
Sirichai, Yokota Riegle Rodney P. "Comparing two strategic decision making techniques, consensus and dialectical inquiry, in a Thai organizational culture." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1994. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9521348.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1994.Title from title page screen, viewed April 18, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Rodney P. Riegle (chair), John R. McCarthy, Paul J. Baker, Jeffrey Hecht. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-75) and abstract. Also available in print.
34
Kelly, Meghan Noreen. "Participation, charrettes, and consensus-based planning : how do we get from vision to reality?" Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048400.
Abstract:
The process by which ideas, designs, and plans are formulated has an influence on whether or not they will be implemented. Consensus-based planning is a tool which is being incorporated more and more in planning efforts in order to create broad-based goals and objectives. However, many times it is used in the comprehensive planning process where it is more difficult to gauge the amount of implementation being done. There is a large amount of information on how consensus-based planning creates stronger decisions, goals, etc. based in the public interest but there is little information on how these decisions or goals impacted their communities. The study looks at obstacles to implementation and what would have helped to eliminate them. It also questions whether, if consensus-building techniques had been used during the planning process, it would have helped to eliminate these obstacles to implementation. In order to answer these questions, three charrettes conducted by Community Based Projects of Ball State University in the years between 1990 and 1992 are evaluated.Department of Urban Planning
35
Bigot, Etienne. "Une sociologie de la médiation : la stratégie absolutiste de la modération." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA1035.
Abstract:
Notre recherche saisit la médiation comme un objet sociologique et le situe au cœur d’un fait social total. Non réductible à une technique de résolution des conflits, sa définition est complexe car produite au gré de ses applications. La problématique tient tout de même compte de la permanence du mot qu’elle teste sur les champs des médiations familiales, pénales et sociales servies par la constante de l’intégration. Cette progression dans la “déconstruction��� de la médiation permet de questionner son absorption des dimensions du conflit et du tiers. Un retournement logique de l’arrivée du médiateur sur le théâtre conflictuel le rend médiateur de la médiation. Il incarne alors la capacité de la médiation à la duplication de son mode opératoire. Ce mécanisme troublant sera confirmé par l’analyse des discours dans et autour du dispositif Emplois-jeunes à la fin des années 90 et par la saisie bibliographique sur ce thème. Indispensable à la régulation et au contrôle du monde social, la médiation justifie la notion de lien. Elle devient ainsi un outil de constitution du social, même lorsque celui-ci se retourne pour modéliser et animer une critique de fond de sa production, qu’elle soit civile, politique ou économique. En laissant croire que tout problème n’est acceptable que parce qu’il sera dissous par elle, la médiation change de destinée et accède au rôle de religion civile. Elle fonctionne alors par échange entre l’immanence et la transcendance, obligeant celui qui trouble l’ordre social à revenir naturellement à l’ordre des choses par crainte du pire. Philosophie raisonnable, la médiation devient la quête et la raison de vivre des humains vivant ensembleOur research sees mediation as a sociological object and places it at the heart of a total social fact. It cannot be reduced to a technique for conflict resolution, but its definition is complicated insofar as it is produced by its different applications. The problematic nevertheless takes into account the permanency of the word, which is examined in the context of familial, penal and social mediation. This progression in the “deconstruction” of mediation allows us to question how it absorbs the dimensions of conflict and the third party. In a logical reversal of roles, the arrival of a mediator upon the scene of a conflict makes him the mediator of his mediation. This troubling mechanism will be seen to be confirmed by discourse analysis of the Emplois-jeunes scheme in France in the 1990s and by a bibliographical survey of this theme. As an indispensable means of regulation and control of the social world, mediation is a justification of the notion of connection. It thus becomes a tool in the production of the social, even when this tool is turned back on itself to model, and prompt a fundamental critique of its production, be it civil, political or economic. By giving the impression that any problem is only acceptable because it will be dissolved by mediation, the role of the latter changes to one of a civil religion. It then operates through an exchange between immanence and transcendence, forcing the party troubling the social order to go back to the order of things for fear of worse to come. As a philosophy of the reasonable, mediation becomes the quest, and the reason for living, of human beings living together
36
Pruvost, Michel. "La coopération dans la communauté de travail : éléments de recherche d'une philosophie de l'entreprise." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010602.
Abstract:
La coopération fonde la communauté. Comment est-elle vraiment humaine ? Une enquête historique commence cette étude. Toute coopération comporte l'aspect moral et celui du faire. La coopération se comprend premièrement par la collaboration. L'opération humaine est individuelle : peut-elle devenir commune ? Par la divisibilité de l'acte et la communication. La saisie de la finalité de l'acte humain dans la multiplicité du bien est de l'ordre de l'intuition et d'une certaine induction. L'ordre de justice n'est pas un principe au sens strict mais est plutôt une modalité du bien propre à l'expérience de la coopération. Trois grands types de collaboration : instrumentale, "intégrale" ou participative, "architectonique" par subdivision. Dans l'agir communautaire se retrouvent les éléments de l'agir éthique personnel. Le consensus est propre à l'agir communautaire. Les grands types de gouvernement humain trouvent leur fondement dans la structure de l'agir communautaire. La monarchie convient à l'unité nécessaire au bon commandement. Le gouvernement d'une élite compétente convient au conseil et au choix des moyens. La démocratie convient à l'engagement communautaire et au consensus. Le mixte judicieux est un commandement monarchique, avec un conseil aristocratique, et un consensus démocratique des coopérateurs engagés. Suivent une réflexion philosophique sur l'économie et l'argent et une annexe théologiqueCooperation founds community. When is it truly human? This study begins with a historical survey. All cooperation entails a moral aspect as well as one of making. Cooperation is primarily understood in and through collaboration. Human operation is de facto individual : can it, however, become communal ? By acts divisibility and communication. Its is by means of intuition or a certain induction that one grasps the finality of the human act in the multiplicity of the good. The order of justice is not, strictly speaking, a principle but rather a modality of the good, proper to the experience of cooperation. Three major types of collaboration : instrumental "intégral" or participative, "architectonic" by subdivision. In communal acts can be found elements of the personal ethical act. Consensus is proper only to communal acts. The major types of human government are based upon the communal act structure. Monarchy is fitting for the unity necessary to a good commandment. Government by a competent elite is fitting for counsel, or advice, and the choice of means. Demorcracy suits for communal engagement and consensus. The judicious mix is a monarchic commandment, with an aristocratic advice, and a democratic consensus of the engaged cooperators. It ends with a philosophical study on economics and money and with a theological annexe
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García, Garriga Javier. "Crítica de la categoría de consenso a partir de la lectura de Rawls y Habermas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668216.
Abstract:
A lo largo de esta investigación nos proponemos demostrar cómo la categoría de consenso se emplea en la filosofía política liberal para impedir que las consideraciones de tipo económico-político sean tomadas en cuenta en la configuración o deliberación pública acerca del mejor modo de ordenar la vida en común; y para evitar, con ello, que eventualmente se genere un conflicto que atente contra los cimientos de las sociedades capitalistas típicamente occidentales.
Dos de los más reputados filósofos de Occidente, John Rawls y Jürgen Habermas, han elaborado buena parte de su producción teórica alrededor de esta categoría. Del primero se ha dicho que el suyo es «el intento más sistemático y persistente de nuestro tiempo por revitalizar la oferta moral y política del liberalismo»; la obra del segundo es asimismo paradigmática de todo planteamiento filosófico-político y jurídico que se aproxime al estudio de la democracia contemporánea, y aun de aquellos proyectos que quisieran restablecer los postulados de una teoría crítica de la sociedad.
En estas páginas nos sumergimos en el corpus teórico de ambos autores (especialmente en el de Habermas, más sofisticado, vasto y complejo que el de Rawls y considerado comúnmente como un contradictor situado en la otra orilla del liberalismo) para tratar de confirmar nuestra hipótesis según la cual ambos representan sendas versiones (por un lado una comunidad de valores más o menos homogénea, por el otro un orden diverso pero normativamente pacificado) de un liberalismo que, en todo caso, se presenta como una única promesa de estabilidad política.Throughout this investigation we propose to demonstrate how the category of consensus is used in liberal political philosophy to prevent economic-political considerations from being taken into account in the public configuration or deliberation about the best way of ordering life in common; and to avoid, with it, that eventually a conflict is generated that threatens the foundations of typically Western capitalist societies. Two of the most renowned Western philosophers, John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, have produced much of their theoretical production around this category. From the first it has been said that his is "the most systematic and persistent attempt of our time to revitalize the moral and political offer of liberalism"; the work of the second is also paradigmatic of any philosophical-political and legal approach that approximates the study of contemporary democracy, and even of those projects that would like to restore the postulates of a critical theory of society. In these pages we immerse ourselves in the theoretical corpus of both authors (especially in Habermas, more sophisticated, vast and complex than Rawls's and commonly considered as a contradictor located on the other side of liberalism) to try to confirm our hypothesis according to which both represent two versions (on the one hand, a community of more or less homogeneous values; on the other, a diverse but normatively pacified order) of a liberalism that, in any case, is presented as a single promise of political stability.
38
Boucetta, Dalila. "Is there consensus among Canadians about the state's responsibility for health care and education? An analysis of the 1996 ISSP survey." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26587.
Abstract:
This study intended to discover whether there was consensus among Canadians about the state's responsibility for health care and education from an analysis of the 1996 International Social Survey Programme, Role of Government. The weighted sample size was 1239. Ornstein's and Stevenson's 1977--81 study was also partially replicated. Results showed that welfare state retrenchment in health care and education during the '90s and state ruling by coercion led to dissent among Canadians about government intervention in health care and education. Drawn upon the competing region-class struggle theories, findings indicated that high public support for government intervention in health care was an interaction of regional---Prairie and Alberta---and class struggle---lower, working and middle classes, differences. Quebec showed the lowest increase in support for government role in health care over time. Women favoured much greater government role in health care than men. Younger and low-income people were more favourable to government intervention in education.
39
McCollum, Rick. "Shaping blended worship at Spring Valley Baptist Church in Columbia, South Carolina." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2000. http://www.tren.com.
40
Audikana, Ander. "La politisation de la grande vitesse espagnole (1986-2011) : construction d'un mythe, production d'un consensus, émergence d'une controverse." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00832318.
Abstract:
En décembre 2010, l'Espagne est devenue le pays avec le réseau à grande vitesse (GV) le plus étendu en Europe. Et au cours des années suivantes, les réalisations en cours augurent une mise en service progressive de nouvelles lignes. La question qui se pose est donc de savoir comment cette situation a été atteinte. Nous faisons l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'évolution de la GV espagnole est la conséquence directe de la façon dont cette politique publique a existé au niveau politique. En nous intéressant aux dynamiques de politisation d'une politique publique et en mobilisant deux traditions sociologiques différentes (la sociologie des champs et la sociologie des régimes d'énonciations), nous analysons la façon dont la GV est présente dans les différents lieux du politique (arènes) et est énoncée politiquement. L'analyse de ces dynamiques de politisation a été effectuée en trois temps. La première partie de notre recherche montre la façon dont le mythe politique de la GV s'est construit en Espagne à partir de la fin des années 1980 à la suite de la réalisation du premier projet de ligne à GV entre Madrid et Séville. Dans une deuxième partie, nous identifions trois cycles de politique publique au cours des années 1990 et 2000 qui ont abouti, à travers la production d'un consensus politique, à un fort développement de la GV. La dernière partie de notre thèse s'intéresse à l'émergence d'une controverse autour de la GV à travers le renforcement des forums de politiques publiques alternatifs et le déclenchement d'une dynamique de politisation divergente
41
Erdamar, Bora. "Informational Frameworks for Collective Decision Making: "A Suggested Compromise"." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2013. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00945218/document.
Abstract:
Cette thèse porte sur les fondations de la théorie des préférences et de l'utilité utilisée dans les domaines du choix social et de la théorie de la décision. Le premier chapitre est l'introduction. Le second chapitre est composé d'une revue de la littérature et des résultats existants, d'une discussion des motivations pour envisager un nouveau cadre théorique permettant de combiner différentes approches de l'agrégation des préférences individuelles, et d'une proposition d'un modèle hybride appelé modèle de préférence-approbation. Le troisième chapitre pose la question du sens que l'on peut donner au consensus dans un tel cadre théorique. Pour y répondre, ce travail fournit une approche basée sur la notion de distance, c'est-à-dire d'une métrique définie sur le domaine des préférence-approbations, et examine différentes façons de mesurer l'homogénéité au sein d'un ensemble d'opinions individuelles. Dans cette nouvelle modélisation des opinions, les individus s'expriment à la fois à travers un classement défini sur l'ensemble des alternatives et par un niveau de seuil, permettant de distinguer dans ce classement les alternatives "approuvées" de celles qui sont "désapprouvées". Le quatrième chapitre comporte une analyse de la manipulabilité des règles d'agrégation définies sur un profil de votes composés de classements et d'évaluations binaires. En introduisant une nouvelle notion de non-manipulabilité, cette étude offre un résultat de possibilité, ainsi que certaines caractérisations d'impossibilités. La conclusion permet de discuter plusieurs questions de recherche future sur la manière de définir de nouveaux systèmes d'élections et mécanismes de votes, ainsi que leurs impacts potentiels sur la sociétéThis thesis investigates the foundations of preference and utility theory used in Social Choice and Decision Theory. The First chapter is the introduction. The Second chapter is composed of a survey of the existing results, motivations for a new framework that can combine many different approaches to aggregation of individual preferences and a proposal of a hybrid model, called preference-approval framework. The third chapter asks the question of meaning of a consensus in such a framework. As an attempt to answer the question, this work provides a distance based approach, by a metric defined on the domain of preference-approvals and analyzes different ways of measuring homogeneity among the individual opinions. As a new modelling of these opinions, individuals are assumed to express themselves in terms of rankings over a set of options (alternatives) and threshold levels interpreted as the distinction between "approved" and "disapproved" alternatives. The fourth chapter includes a manipulation analysis of aggregation rules over a voting profile composed of rankings and binary evaluations. Proposing a new notion of non-manipulability, this study provides a possibility result and some characterizations of impossibilities. Finally, further research problems for the art of designing new election systems and voting mechanisms are discussed with their potential implications for the society
42
Desage, Fabien. "Le « consensus » communautaire contre l'intégration intercommunale Séquences et dynamiques d'institutionnalisation de la communauté urbaine de Lille (1964-2003)." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00566287.
Abstract:
Le début des années 2000 a été marqué par la généralisation de la coopération intercommunale en France. Les nouvelles institutions créées, comme les plus anciennes qui ont vu leurs compétences renforcées à cette occasion, sont presque toujours gouvernées par des exécutifs collégiaux, associant des représentants municipaux de l'ensemble des formations partisanes. Ce mode de gestion est alors justifié par les élus locaux au nom de la technicité présumée des enjeux intercommunaux et de l'affirmation des politiques agglomération qu'il rendrait possible. Notre travail envisage le processus d'institutionnalisation de la communauté urbaine de Lille sur le temps long et à la loupe, de sa genèse par les groupes réformateurs dans les années 1960, jusqu'à la consolidation d'un régime de « consensus », terme utilisé par les conseillers communautaires eux-mêmes pour qualifier leurs arrangements interpartisans dans cette enceinte. Le choix méthodologique d'une focale resserrée et centrée sur l'organisation donne à voir les conditions pratiques de domestication par les maires des réformes intercommunales successives. Le « consensus » politique communautaire, loin d'aboutir au renforcement de l'autonomie de la CUDL en matière d'action publique locale, apparaît dès lors comme le vecteur principal de son maintien sous dépendance municipale et de son déficit démocratique persistant.
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Garcia-Nunes, Pedro Ivo 1988. "Análise de modelos mentais baseada em regras nebulosas para tomada de decisão colaborativa." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267743.
Abstract:
Orientadores: Ana Estela Antunes da Silva, Antonio Carlos ZambonDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T06:09:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Garcia-Nunes_PedroIvo_M.pdf: 2562537 bytes, checksum: 108da20ed77cbe9587a585ea453fb49f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Tomadores de decisão são frequentemente confrontados por fenômenos que envolvem uma grande quantidade de atores e interações pertinentes a problemas cada vez mais complexos e, por isso, difíceis de serem gerenciados. As teorias da racionalidade limitada assumem que o tratamento dessa complexidade se dá pela consideração do conhecimento compartilhado entre um número representativo de diferentes agentes de decisão. A identificação desse tipo de comunidade depende de métodos de análise e comparação das estruturas utilizadas para representar conhecimento. Modelos mentais (MMs) são diagramas de representação, baseados em linguagem natural, que consistem de relações lógicas de causa-efeito utilizadas para descrever os fenômenos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo principal desenvolver e aplicar um método matemático para análise e comparação de modelos mentais, a fim de possibilitar a identificação dos modelos mais adequados ao consenso típico de um processo de tomada de decisão colaborativa. O método foi estruturado a partir de uma base de regras nebulosas que foi automatizada por meio de um sistema inteligente de apoio à decisão (SIAD). O SIAD foi utilizado em um estudo de caso para analisar e comparar os MMs utilizados por universitários para descrever os protestos ocorridos no Brasil entre os meses de junho e julho de 2013. Os resultados indicam os modelos mais representativos no que diz respeito às descrições das causas dessas manifestações, cuja ambiguidade se apresentou como motivo de uma incerteza que despertou o interesse internacional pela investigação acerca do caráter das reivindicações
Abstract: Decision makers are often confronted with phenomena that involve a lot of actors and interactions relevant to complex problems that are difficult to manage. Theories of bounded rationality assume that the treatment of this complexity occurs by the consideration of the shared knowledge among a representative number of different decision-makers. The identification of this type of community depends on methods of analysis and comparison of the structures used to represent knowledge. Mental models (MMs) are diagrams of representation, based on natural language, which consist of logical relations of cause and effect used to describe the phenomena. This study aimed at developing and applying a mathematical method for analyzing and comparing mental models in order to enable the identification of the most suitable models for typical consensus of the collaborative decision making. The method was structured on a base of fuzzy rules that was automated by means of an intelligent decision support system (IDSS). The IDSS was used in a case study to analyze and compare the MMs used by academics to describe the Brazilian protests in June and July 2013. The results indicate the most representative models with regard to the descriptions of the causes of these revolts, which created uncertainty and sparked international interest in research on the nature of the claims
Mestrado
Tecnologia e Inovação
Mestre em Tecnologia
44
La, Fuente Hernandez Juan de. "Réaménagement social dans la campagne mexicaine à l'aube du nouveau siècle : la comercializadora agropecuaria de occidente (Comagro)." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20041.
Abstract:
L'objet général de la thèse est la recomposition sociale du milieu rural au Mexique au cours de la dernière décennie du XXème siècle. Plus précisément, le thème abordé est l'émergence et la (re)configuration des acteurs sociaux au travers de l'étude de cas de la Comercializadora Agropecuaria de Occidente: Comagro. L'action collective est le cœur de cette étude. La pertinence de la recherche est la construction d'une interprétation de l'action collective qui prend en compte deux types d'interactions: celles qui ont lieu entre l'organisation et le milieu, et celles qui régissent les relations entre la gestion productive et la modalité de gouvernement " gouvernance " qui, dans le cas de la Comagro, fût guidée par le principe de prises de décision de manière collective et consensuelle. Cette étude s'intéressera plus particulièrement au consensus comme modalité de gouvernement dans l'organisation paysanneThe general subject of this thesis is the social recomposition of the mexican rural environement in the last decade of the twentieth century. The theme tackled here is more specifically the emergence and the reconfiguration of social actors through the case of the Comercializadora Agropecuaria de Occidente : Comagro. The collective action is the focus of this study. The relevance of the research is the construction of an interpretation of the collective action which involves two types of interactions : the ones taking place between the organisation and the environment, and the ones of governing which in the Comagro case was based on the assumption of decision being made consensually. This study will more particulary explore consensus as a form of governing in the farmers' organisation
45
Eklund, Louise, and Roosa Virtanen. "Hur och varför använder Malmö FF och deras supportrar Twitter?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31629.
Abstract:
Syfte: Syftet är att förstå vad för typ av innehåll som publiceras på Malmö FF:s officiella Twitter-konto och hur klimatet kring kontot kan beskrivas.Frågeställningar: 1. Varför använder Malmö FF och supportrarna Twitter?2. Vad kommunicerar Malmö FF ut via sitt Twitter-konto och hur kan innehållet kategoriseras och beskrivas?3. Stämmer supportrarnas/följarnas tankar kring innehållet på och klimatet kring Malmö FF:s Twitter-konto överens med klubbens tankar?Teori: Teorin som använts för att tolka empirin är huvudsakligen Erving Goffmans teori om självpresentation med fokus på front- och backstage. De teoretiska begreppen konflikt och konsensus har också använts för att beskriva resultatet.Metod: Studien är fallstudie där man arbetat med triangulering – det vill säga flera olika metoder. Studien inleddes med en innehållsanalys av Malmö FF:s Twitter-flöde. Sedan följde en semistrukturerad intervju med Malmö FF:s kommunikatör och sist genomfördes två fokusgruppsintervjuer med supportrar.Resultat och slutsats: Malmö FF och deras supportrar använder Twitter för att den plattformen har ett linjärt ”liveflöde”, möjlighet att ge och få snabb information i realtid och möjlighet att föra enkla och direkta dialoger med varandra. Innehållet på Malmö FF:s Twitter-konto har delats upp i nio kategorier som sedan kategoriserats vidare till front- eller backstage. Klubben och supportrarna har väldigt liknande tankar om hur Malmö FF bör vara på Twitter och vad de bör publicera där. Det råder stark konsensus mellan klubben och supportrarna kring Twitter och detta bidrar till en känsla av gemenskap – MFF-familjen.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine what content Malmö FF publishes on their official Twitter account and how the interaction linked to the account can be described.Research questions:1. Why does Malmö FF and their supporters use Twitter?2. What is published on their official account and how can the content be categorised?3. Is the content and interaction around the account perceived alike by the club and their supporters?Theory: Theories that outlined this study was Erving Goffman’s self-presentation theory which included the concept of frontstage and backstage and the theoretical perspectives conflict and consensus. Methods: The methods used in this study included content analysis of Malmö FF’s Twitter account, a semi-structured interview with Malmö FF’s communicator and focus group interviews with supporters of Malmö FF. Results and conclusion: Twitter is used for its live timeline and to share information quickly and efficiently. The content published on Malmö FF’s Twitter account can be divided into nine categories and further categorised into front- or backstage. The club and their supporters strongly agree on the way Twitter should be used, related to Malmö FF.
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Jezierska, Katarzyna. "Radical democracy redux : politics and subjectivity beyond Habermas and Mouffe." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Akademin för humaniora, utbildning och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-15123.
Abstract:
This thesis investigates two contemporary theories of radical democracy, Jürgen Habermas’s deliberative and Chantal Mouffe’s agonistic democracy. By bringing the two scholars together and constructing a debate between them, their respective strengths and weaknesses are highlighted and the similarities and differences are pointed out. Habermas and Mouffe are seldom dealt with simultaneously as they represent different theoretical traditions, critical theory and post-structuralism respectively. This thesis argues that we can learn from both of them. The aim of the thesis is to clarify and critically assess Chantal Mouffe’s and Jürgen Habermas’s versions of radical democracy, their disparate visions of democratic politics and subjectivity, in order to clear the ground for a third position that draws inspiration from both of them. The methodological inspiration comes from the deconstructive approach to interpretation, and thus the study aspires to a ‘just reading’ while being conscious of the elements of violence inherent to any instances of reading. The main bulk of the thesis is dedicated to an analysis of the two authors’ theories of democracy and subjectivity, which leads on to the third position situated beyond the two. From Habermas I take the stress on political communication and intersubjectivity, while both these concepts are extensively reformulated. The elements I reject from his position are the orientation to consensus and the strong requirements of coherence and transparency of the subject. From Mouffe I take the accent on the agonistic spirit of democracy, while setting aside the ontological status of antagonism. Her conception of split subjectivity is included, but supplemented with a more explicit theorization of the unity of the subject in the element of intersubjective meetings. The third position on radical democracy embraces the fundamental status of undecidability, which calls for an ethos of questioning.
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Soichot, Marine. "Les musées et centres de sciences face au changement climatique. Quelles médiations muséales pour un problème socioscientifique ?" Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00609008.
Abstract:
Les musées et centres de sciences se sont historiquement constitués comme des institutions scientifiques et culturelles détentrices d'un savoir savant qui leur confère une certaine autorité. Actuellement, des problèmes socioscientifiques (controverses sociotechniques ou questions socialement vives) et de nouveaux rapports entre sciences et société interrogent les modes de médiations de ces institutions. Dès lors, comment traitent-elles ces sujets ? Comment les professionnels du secteur se positionnent-ils ? Afin de répondre à ces questions, cette thèse prend l'exemple du changement climatique et mobilise deux cadres d'étude : les courants sur la médiation des sciences inspirés du champ STS (Sciences and Technology Studies) qui interrogent le deficit model et la théorie des arènes dans le cadre des études sur les problèmes publics. Quatre musées et centres de sciences sont étudiés : Science Animation à Toulouse, Cap Science à Bordeaux, la Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie de Paris et le Science Museum de Londres. Le changement climatique, du moins en France jusqu'en 2009, fait l'objet d'une construction consensuelle dans les arènes scientifiques, politiques ou encore médiatiques. En effet, divers opérateurs convergent autour d'une même définition du problème. Les institutions muséales étudiées s'en détachent peu : relais du consensus incarné par les conclusions du GIEC, dépolitisation du problème, alerte et appel à l'action mais absence de focalisation sur la dimension individuelle des enjeux. Quatre modes de médiation muséale du changement climatique sont identifiés : un mode de rupture, un mode informatif, un mode réflexif et critique et un mode résolutique. Les professionnels rencontrés lors de l'enquête adoptent des postures diverses. Néanmoins, la plupart s'attachent à présenter des connaissances validées dans une posture d'impartialité et refusent les approches interventionnistes. Cependant, certains éléments des productions étudiées relèvent d'un tel mode de médiation en articulation avec des discours du type alerte et appel à l'action. Cette contradiction pourrait témoigner du poids de la définition dominante du problème climatique institué comme cause sans adversaire et plus largement de la prégnance du développement durable comme nouvelle norme sociopolitique.
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Grelle, Gérard. "Ernst Karl Winter : éléments d'une pensée alternative de l'Autriche de l'entre-deux-guerres." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957194.
Abstract:
Ernst Karl Winter (1895-1957) assiste en 1918 à l'effondrement de la monarchie austro-hongroise. Sociologue de formation, il refuse l'amalgame entre Allemands et Autrichiens prôné par les pangermanistes et développe, notamment à partir de 1927 le concept d'une " nation autrichienne " fondée sur un développement historique spécifique au sein de l'aire germanophone, puis en vient à situer la nouvelle Autriche dans le contexte de l'Europe centrale. Monarchiste convaincu et adversaire de l'ordre républicain, il mène cependant une réflexion sur la meilleure forme institutionnelle de l'Etat. Dès le début des années 30, il dénonce avec virulence l'idéologie nationale-socialiste ; son combat contre le Troisième Reich et contre l'instauration du fascisme en Autriche en 1933/34, le conduit à adopter une position critique vis-à-vis du régime de Dollfuss, puis de Schuschnigg, à s'éloigner de l'idéologie du parti conservateur chrétien-social et à " tendre la main " à la gauche sociale-démocrate désormais illégale. Il s'engage dès lors en faveur d'un dialogue droite-gauche au nom de l'idée nationale autrichienne. Cet engagement le conduira, à compter de mars 1938, à l'exil politique en France, puis aux Etats-Unis.
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Sjöström, Åsa. ""Våga göra olika" : En vetenskaplig essä om hur vi bemöter barn i förskolan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-44037.
Abstract:
This essay is about treatment in preschool and how important it is that we dare to do different based on each child's needs. I sometimes get the feeling that we educators in preschool, have alittle too much of the idea that the working methods we use should suit all children. Dealing with children and adults differently should be a matter of course, especially when we work inpreschool and school. What I mean by daring to do different, is that we need to have the knowledge to see each individual's needs to be able to respond in a clear way so that everyone is understood. According to the Education Act, we must “take into account the different conditions and needs of all children”(Skolverket 2018, p. 6). Which we do if we do not treat all children in exactly the same way, but dare to use different approaches. My dilemma, which I describe in different situations, is when children receive a treatment that does not benefit them and where we educators do not think about or do not have the knowledge of how we should do. The purpose I have with my essay, is to come up with an approach that we can use in the work team, to help the children who for various reasons "worry" us educators. I have tried to go more in depth in our Curriculum for preschool, to get a clearer view of ourmission. What I see and hear in my business has made me curious about how we interpret it and whether it can be used as an argument for me as a preschool teacher in a work team. The method I use in my thesis is scientific essay writing, where I will be able to come up with how to understand my dilemma better, to be able to handle it in my future professional life. I do this through reflection with supervisors, course participants, literature and with myself.Denna uppsats handlar om bemötande i förskolan och hur viktigt det är att vi vågar göra olika utifrån varje barns behov. Jag får ibland känslan av att vi pedagoger i förskolan har lite för mycket av tanken att det arbetssätt som vi använder ska passa alla barn. Att bemöta barn och vuxna olika borde vara en självklarhet, framför allt när vi arbetar inom förskola och skola. Vad jag menar med att våga göra olika, är att vi behöver ha kunskapen att se varje individs behov för att kunna bemöta på ett tydligt sätt så att alla blir förstådda. Enligt skollagen ska vi ”ta hänsyn till alla barns olika förutsättningar och behov” (Skolverket 2018, s. 6). Vilket vi gör om vi inte bemöter alla barn på exakt samma vis, utan vågar använda olika tillväga gångssätt. Mitt dilemma som jag beskriver i olika situationer är när barn får ett bemötande som inte gynnar dem och där vi pedagoger inte tänker oss för eller inte har kunskapen om hur vi bör göra. Syftet jag har med min essä, är att få fram ett förhållningssätt som vi kan använda oss avi arbetslaget, för att hjälpa barnen som av olika anledningar ”oroar” oss pedagoger. Jag har försökt att gå mer på djupet i vår Läroplan för förskolan, för att få en tydligare syn på vårt uppdrag. Det jag ser och hör i min verksamhet har gjort mig nyfiken på hur vi tolkar den och om den går att använda som argument för mig som förskollärare i ett arbetslag. Metoden jag använder mig av i min uppsats är vetenskapligt essäskrivande, där jag ska kunna få fram hur jag ska förstå mitt dilemma bättre, för att kunna hantera det i mitt framtida yrkesliv. Det gör jag genom reflektion med handledare, kursdeltagare, litteratur och med mig själv.
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Pacific, Christophe. "Éthique du dissensus : la complétude du deux au service du soin." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00469414.
Abstract:
Le consensus a pour finalité d'éliminer le conflit. Il aimerait pouvoir sacraliser de nouvelles normes dans une société en crise de rituel. Hélas, la réalité nous montre que l'étoffe du consensus est tissée de soumission librement consentie, de nécessités et de jeux de pouvoir très liés aux plaisirs immédiats. A force d'habitude, l'exigence de consensus change le remède en poison. Le consensus sonne le glas de l'éthique. En cherchant l'unité, le consensus diabolise le conflit et cherche expressément à l'éliminer du fait de son chaos apparent. Le dissensus, lui, en mettant la parole en tension, assure le lien fécond du vivreensemble. La dualité est la clef naturelle qui rationalise la sociabilité des contraires. Le dissensus privilégie l'association des différences pour assurer la représentation de chacune d'entre elles. Ce n'est qu'à partir d'une heuristique naturelle et holiste de l'altérité que le sujet peut se développer en tant que soimême et différent. De cette façon, un " double-je " se construit, capable à la fois de dire courageusement " me voici ", face à la menace potentielle de l'autre mais surtout capable de ce même courage pour palier la vulnérabilité de cet autre quand ses forces de résistance l'abandonnent. Le dissensus signe l'émancipation et le dépli du sujet visant le dépassement de soi. La réussite de cette démarche d'ipséité se confirme quand la puissance de déploiement se met au service de la vulnérabilité d'autrui en termes de sollicitude. Ce travail essaie de proposer le dissensus comme un conflit sain et nécessaire, garant d'une éthique d'ouverture, une voie d'excellence pour ceux qui sont concernés par ce que l'homme peut offrir de meilleur : un soin