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Academic literature on the topic 'Consensus functions'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Consensus functions"

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Crown, Gary D., Melvin F. Janowitz, and Robert C. Powers. "Neutral consensus functions." Mathematical Social Sciences 25, no. 3 (May 1993): 231–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-4896(93)90029-i.

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Godfrey-Smith, Peter. "FUNCTIONS: CONSENSUS WITHOUT UNITY." Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 74, no. 3 (September 1993): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0114.1993.tb00358.x.

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Manita, Ghaith, Riadh Khanchel, and Mohamed Limam. "CONSENSUS FUNCTIONS FOR CLUSTER ENSEMBLES." Applied Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 6 (July 2012): 598–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2012.687668.

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Barthélemy, Jean-Pierre, F. R. McMorris, and R. C. Powers. "Dictatorial consensus functions on n-trees." Mathematical Social Sciences 25, no. 1 (December 1992): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-4896(92)90025-z.

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Ben-Arieh, D., T. Easton, and B. Evans. "Minimum Cost Consensus With Quadratic Cost Functions." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans 39, no. 1 (January 2009): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsmca.2008.2006373.

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CROSSON, BRUCE, and KATHLEEN Y. HAALAND. "Subcortical functions in cognition: Toward a consensus." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 9, no. 7 (November 2003): 1027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617703970068.

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Behavioral neurologists and neuropsychologists have debated the role of the thalamus and basal ganglia in cognition and behavior for more than a century (e.g., Bucy, 1942; Marie, 1906; Penfield & Roberts, 1959; Wernicke, 1874). However, over these 100-plus years, there is little consensus regarding whether or how these structures contribute to cognition. Fortunately, recent research findings are rapidly changing this state of affairs. It is now obvious we will not understand how the brain controls complex activities until we understand the contribution of these deep brain structures. In healthy and brain-damaged individuals, application of methodologies such as semantic priming, event related potentials, and functional neuroimaging to the question of subcortical functions is beginning to resolve this conundrum. This symposium demonstrates the utility of combining these different approaches. It features empirical work from six laboratories that have engaged in systematic inquiries regarding the role of the thalamus and basal ganglia in cognition. This body of work represents both new directions and convergence of recent findings in the quest to integrate our understanding of this complex issue.
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Monjardet, Bernard, and Vololonirina Raderanirina. "Lattices of choice functions and consensus problems." Social Choice and Welfare 23, no. 3 (December 2004): 349–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00355-003-0251-9.

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Mirkin, Boris, and Fred S. Roberts. "Consensus functions and patterns in molecular sequences." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 55, no. 4 (July 1993): 695–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02460669.

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MIRKIN, B., and F. ROBERTS. "Consensus functions and patterns in molecular sequences." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 55, no. 4 (1993): 695–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0092-8240(05)80185-5.

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Powers, R. C., and J. M. White. "Wilson's theorem for consensus functions on hierarchies." Discrete Applied Mathematics 156, no. 8 (April 2008): 1321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2007.05.034.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Consensus functions"

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Zanella, Filippo. "A Consensus Approach to Distributed Convex Optimization in Multi-Agent Systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423080.

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In this thesis we address the problem of distributed unconstrained convex optimization under separability assumptions, i.e., the framework where a network of agents, each endowed with local private convex cost and subject to communication constraints, wants to collaborate to compute the minimizer of the sum of the local costs. We propose a design methodology that combines average consensus algorithms and separation of time-scales ideas. This strategy is proven, under suitable hypotheses, to be globally convergent to the true minimizer. Intuitively, the procedure lets the agents distributedly compute and sequentially update an approximated Newton-Raphson direction by means of suitable average consensus ratios. We consider both a scalar and a multidimensional scenario of the Synchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus, proposing some alternative strategies which trade-off communication and computational requirements with convergence speed. We provide analytical proofs of convergence and we show with numerical simulations that the speed of convergence of this strategy is comparable with alternative optimization strategies such as the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers, the Distributed Subgradient Method and Distributed Control Method. Moreover, we consider the convergence rates of the Synchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus and the Gradient Descent Consensus under the simplificative assumption of quadratic local cost functions. We derive sufficient conditions which guarantee the convergence of the algorithms. From these conditions we then obtain closed form expressions that can be used to tune the parameters for maximizing the rate of convergence. Despite these formulas have been derived under quadratic local cost functions assumptions, they can be used as rules-of-thumb for tuning the parameters of the algorithms. Finally, we propose an asynchronous version of the Newton-Raphson Consensus. Beside having low computational complexity, low communication requirements and being interpretable as a distributed Newton-Raphson algorithm, the technique has also the beneficial properties of requiring very little coordination and naturally supporting time-varying topologies. Again, we analytically prove that under some assumptions it shows either local or global convergence properties. Through numerical simulations we corroborate these results and we compare the performance of the Asynchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus with other distributed optimization methods.
In questa tesi viene affrontato il problema dell'ottimizzazione distribuita non vincolata di funzioni convesse. Lo scenario è costituito da una rete di agenti interconnessi, ognuno dei quali è dotato di una funzione costo locale convessa ed è soggetto a vincoli di comunicazione. Ogni agente vuole collaborare per calcolare il minimo della somma dei costi locali. Viene proposta una soluzione che combina algoritmi di average consensus con concetti di separazione delle scale temporali, propri della teoria del controllo non lineare. Tale strategia, denotata come Newton-Raphson Consensus, si dimostra convergere globalmente al minimo richiesto, sotto opportune ipotesi. Intuitivamente, l'algoritmo permette agli agenti di calcolare in maniera distribuita e di aggiornare sequenzialmente una direzione approssimata alla Newton-Raphson, tramite specifici rapporti di average consensus. Viene proposta una versione sincrona del Newton-Raphson Consensus, validata sia per funzioni scalari che vettoriali, proponendo nel secondo caso alcune strategie alternative volte a bilanciare le prestazioni, in termini di requisiti computazionali e di comunicazione, con una adeguata velocità di convergenza. Vengono presentate prove analitiche di convergenza e simulazioni numeriche che evidenziano come la velocità di convergenza del Synchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus è comparabile con strategie di ottimizzazione alternative quali l'Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers, il Distributed Subgradient Method e il Distributed Control Method. La trattazione si completa con l'analisi della velocità di convergenza del Synchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus, comparata con quella di un Gradient Descent Consensus, sotto l'ipotesi semplificativa di funzioni costo quadratiche. Vengono derivate condizioni sufficienti che garantiscono la convergenza di tali algoritmi. Da queste condizioni si ottengono espressioni in forma chiusa che possono essere utilizzate per regolare i parametri che caratterizzano gli algoritmi e per massimizzare la velocità di convergenza. Si evidenzia che nonostante queste formule siano derivate assumendo funzioni di costo (locali) quadratiche, esse possono essere usate come metodologie di riferimento per la regolazione dei parametri degli algoritmi in situazioni generali. Infine, viene proposta una versione asincrona del Newton-Raphson Consensus. Oltre ad avere una ridotta complessità computazionale e minimi requisiti di comunicazione, questa tecnica richiede poca coordinazione tra gli agenti e si mantiene valida in topologie tempo-varianti. Ancora una volta, viene dimostrato analiticamente, sotto opportune ipotesi, che l'Asynchronous Newton-Raphson Consensus ha proprietà di convergenza locali o globali. Mediante simulazioni numeriche vengono corroborati tali risultati e vengono confrontate le prestazioni di tale algoritmo con altri metodi di ottimizzazione distribuita quali l'Asynchronous Fast Newton-Raphson Consensus, l'Asynchronous Distributed Subgradient Method, l'Asynchronous Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers e il Pairwise Equalizing Method.
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Franciscani, Juliana de Fátima [UNESP]. "Consenso Iterativo: geração de implicantes primos para minimização de funções booleanas com múltiplas saídas." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144517.

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Com a evolução e difusão do desenvolvimento de equipamentos utilizando microtecnologia e nanotecnologia, circuitos cada vez menores, mais eficientes e que consomem menos energia, são necessários. Os métodos de minimização de funções booleanas tornam-se relevantes por possibilitarem a otimização de circuitos lógicos, através da geração de circuitos que possuam a mesma funcionalidade, porém, minimizados. Estudos na área de minimização de funções booleanas são realizados há muito tempo, e estão sendo adaptados às novas tecnologias. A geração de implicantes primos de uma função booleana é um dos passos para a cobertura dos mintermos da função e, consequentemente, para a obtenção da função de custo mínimo. Neste trabalho, a Primeira Fase do Método de Quine-McCluskey para Funções Booleanas com Múltiplas Saídas (QMM) foi implementada para posterior comparação com os Métodos Propostos GPMultiplo e MultiGeraPlex (baseados na filosofia do algoritmo GeraPlex). Os métodos propostos geram os implicantes primos de uma função booleana com múltiplas saídas e utilizam a operação de consenso iterativo para comparar dois termos. Os resultados obtidos, através da comparação do GPMultiplo, MultiGeraPlex e da Primeira Fase do Método de QMM, puderam comprovar que a aplicação dos métodos propostos torna-se mais viável e vantajosa por permitir menor tempo de execução e uso de memória, menor quantidade de implicantes gerados e de comparações entre os termos.
With the evolution and spread of the development of equipment using microtechnology and nanotechnology, circuits in need are smaller, more efficient and consume less power. Methods of Minimizing Boolean Functions become important as they allow optimization of logic circuits by generating circuits having the same functionality, but minimized. Studies in Minimizing Boolean Functions area are carried out long ago, and are being adapted to new technologies. The generation of prime implicants of a Boolean function is one of the steps for covering the function of the minterms, and consequently to obtain the minimum cost function. In this work, the first phase of the Quine-McCluskey Method for Booleans Functions with Multiple Output (QMM) was implemented for comparison with Proposed Methods GPMultiplo and MultiGeraPlex (based on the philosophy of GeraPlex algorithm). The proposed methods generates the prime implicants of a Boolean Function with Multiple Output and using the iterative consensus operation to compare two terms. The results obtained by comparing the GPMultiplo, MultiGeraPlex and the first phase of the QMM Method, were able to prove that the application of the proposed methods becomes more feasible and advantageous, by allowing smaller execution time, number of implicants and number of comparisons.
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Franciscani, Juliana de Fátima. "Consenso Iterativo : geração de implicantes primos para minimização de funções booleanas com múltiplas saídas /." Ilha Solteira, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144517.

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Orientador: Alexandre Cesar Rodrigues Silva
Resumo: Com a evolução e difusão do desenvolvimento de equipamentos utilizando microtecnologia e nanotecnologia, circuitos cada vez menores, mais eficientes e que consomem menos energia, são necessários. Os métodos de minimização de funções booleanas tornam-se relevantes por possibilitarem a otimização de circuitos lógicos, através da geração de circuitos que possuam a mesma funcionalidade, porém, minimizados. Estudos na área de minimização de funções booleanas são realizados há muito tempo, e estão sendo adaptados às novas tecnologias. A geração de implicantes primos de uma função booleana é um dos passos para a cobertura dos mintermos da função e, consequentemente, para a obtenção da função de custo mínimo. Neste trabalho, a Primeira Fase do Método de Quine-McCluskey para Funções Booleanas com Múltiplas Saídas (QMM) foi implementada para posterior comparação com os Métodos Propostos GPMultiplo e MultiGeraPlex (baseados na filosofia do algoritmo GeraPlex). Os métodos propostos geram os implicantes primos de uma função booleana com múltiplas saídas e utilizam a operação de consenso iterativo para comparar dois termos. Os resultados obtidos, através da comparação do GPMultiplo, MultiGeraPlex e da Primeira Fase do Método de QMM, puderam comprovar que a aplicação dos métodos propostos torna-se mais viável e vantajosa por permitir menor tempo de execução e uso de memória, menor quantidade de implicantes gerados e de comparações entre os termos.
Mestre
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Bisiach, Jonathon, and Victor Elfving. "PUF-enabled blockchain for IoT security : A comparative study." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45589.

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The introduction of Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and lightweight consensus algorithms to aid in the bolstering of security and privacy in both IoT and IoE does show a great deal of promise not only in these areas, but in resource cost over traditional methods of blockchain.  However, several previous studies make claims regarding performance of novel solutions without providing detailed information as to the physical components of their experiments.  This comparative study shows that Proof of Authentication (PoAh) performs the best out of three selected consensus algorithms and that the claims made regarding the performance of PUFChain and Proof of PUF-enabled Authentication (PoP) could not be replicated in this instance.
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Sergi, Bruno S. "Economics in transition in Eastern Europe and the function of the Bruxelles consensus." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2007. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8246/.

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In today's fast evolving Central and Eastern Europe, economic perspectives, especially European Union perspectives are indispensable to the success of the transformation process initiated in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Based on our research output, this thesis offers many such perspectives that can help understand the logic of the transformation and the subsequent business done by national and international enterprises. We have interwoven many information-rich threads of transformation principles with banking, dynamic cultural factors and tax policy that influence these new market-economy countries. We observe the role and the process of financial institutions and also consider the impact that information technology exerts on these economies and thus concluding that the significance of culture development and the betterment of the population are the central driving force within a wider Europe. This thesis offers fundamental notions that influence cross-cultural interactions also, providing a concrete basis for understanding the influence of Central and Eastern European countries on the European Union's political choices and vice versa. We examine the transformation and its significance, paradoxes and the interplay of economic approaches and entrepreneurship. In the specific, we look at how the European Union policy towards these countries evolved, suggesting that a trend towards a Bruxelles Consensus is the specific outcome of the European Union's attitudes towards Central and Eastern Europe. An extended evaluation of the consequences for all of us will also emerge as our approach has been that to present all these aspects in a way that inspire understanding of basic governing issues and expectations concerning the future on Central and Eastern Europe in the ever-growing European Union.
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Glaab, Enrico. "Analysing functional genomics data using novel ensemble, consensus and data fusion techniques." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12727/.

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Motivation: A rapid technological development in the biosciences and in computer science in the last decade has enabled the analysis of high-dimensional biological datasets on standard desktop computers. However, in spite of these technical advances, common properties of the new high-throughput experimental data, like small sample sizes in relation to the number of features, high noise levels and outliers, also pose novel challenges. Ensemble and consensus machine learning techniques and data integration methods can alleviate these issues, but often provide overly complex models which lack generalization capability and interpretability. The goal of this thesis was therefore to develop new approaches to combine algorithms and large-scale biological datasets, including novel approaches to integrate analysis types from different domains (e.g. statistics, topological network analysis, machine learning and text mining), to exploit their synergies in a manner that provides compact and interpretable models for inferring new biological knowledge. Main results: The main contributions of the doctoral project are new ensemble, consensus and cross-domain bioinformatics algorithms, and new analysis pipelines combining these techniques within a general framework. This framework is designed to enable the integrative analysis of both large- scale gene and protein expression data (including the tools ArrayMining, Top-scoring pathway pairs and RNAnalyze) and general gene and protein sets (including the tools TopoGSA , EnrichNet and PathExpand), by combining algorithms for different statistical learning tasks (feature selection, classification and clustering) in a modular fashion. Ensemble and consensus analysis techniques employed within the modules are redesigned such that the compactness and interpretability of the resulting models is optimized in addition to the predictive accuracy and robustness. The framework was applied to real-word biomedical problems, with a focus on cancer biology, providing the following main results: (1) The identification of a novel tumour marker gene in collaboration with the Nottingham Queens Medical Centre, facilitating the distinction between two clinically important breast cancer subtypes (framework tool: ArrayMining) (2) The prediction of novel candidate disease genes for Alzheimer’s disease and pancreatic cancer using an integrative analysis of cellular pathway definitions and protein interaction data (framework tool: PathExpand, collaboration with the Spanish National Cancer Centre) (3) The prioritization of associations between disease-related processes and other cellular pathways using a new rule-based classification method integrating gene expression data and pathway definitions (framework tool: Top-scoring pathway pairs) (4) The discovery of topological similarities between differentially expressed genes in cancers and cellular pathway definitions mapped to a molecular interaction network (framework tool: TopoGSA, collaboration with the Spanish National Cancer Centre) In summary, the framework combines the synergies of multiple cross-domain analysis techniques within a single easy-to-use software and has provided new biological insights in a wide variety of practical settings.
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Rossl, Anthony. "A Synthetic Acetylation Substrate to Study Gcn5 Targeting and Function in Yeast." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38300.

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Acetylation was previously thought to occur exclusively on histones, but recent high-throughput screens have identified thousands of non-histone substrates. Despite the identification of these sites, little is known about how these acetyltransferase enzymes target their substrates. Gcn5 is the catalytic acetyltransferase found within the highly conserved SAGA complex. Recently, a member of this complex, Ada2, was found to impact Gcn5 substrate selection. In the yeast model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a synthetic substrate developed from a proposed Gcn5-specific consensus sequence is used to identify regulators of Gcn5 substrate selection. This work is the first to demonstrate that addition of a consensus sequence is enough to confer acetylation of a non-substrate. With this method, Ada3 was identified as a key regulator, and acetylome profiling identified novel targets for Gcn5 dependent acetylation specifically regulated by Ada3. This system could be adapted for other acetyltransferases to identify regulators of substrate selection.
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Galdi, Paola. "Building functional neuromarkers from resting state fMRI to describe physiopathological traits." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/3041.

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2016 - 2017
The overarching goal of this work has been that of devising novel methods for building functional neuromarkers from resting-state fMRI data to describe healthy and pathological human behaviour. Observing spontaneous uctuations of the BOLD signal, resting-state fMRI allows to have an insight into the functional organisation of the brain and to detect functional networks that are consistent across subjects. Studying how patterns of functional connectivity vary both in healthy subjects and in subjects a ected by a neurodegenerative disease is a way to shed light on the physiological and pathological mechanisms governing our nervous system. The rst part of this thesis is devoted to the description of fully data-driven feature extraction techniques based on clustering aimed at supporting the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease). The high-dimensional nature of resting state fMRI data implies the need of suitable feature selection techniques. Traditional univariate techniques are fast and straightforward to interpret, but are unable to unveil relationships among multiple features. For this reason, this work presents a methodology based on consensus clustering, a particular approach to the clustering problem that consists in combining di erent partitions of the same data set to produce more stable solutions. One of the objectives of fMRI data analysis is to determine regions that show an abnormal activity with respect to a healthy brain and this is often attained with comparative statistical models applied to single voxels or brain parcels within one or several functional networks. Here, stochastic rank aggregation is applied to identify brain regions that exhibit a coherent behaviour in groups of subjects a ected by the same disorder. The proposed methodology was validated on real data and the results are consistent with previous literature, thus indicating that this approach might be suitable to support early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases... [edited by Author]
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Robinson, Joanne Claire. "Structure and functional studies of the short consensus repeats of the human complement receptor type 1." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342847.

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Austin, Philip Daniel. "International Delphi study to assess the need for multiaxial criteria in diagnosis and management of functional gastrointestinal disorders." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15842.

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Purpose: While there are diagnostic criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), their evaluation is challenging. This is because criteria are based on symptoms, and the underlying pathophysiology is not clear; as such, there are no gold standard tests. Diagnosis is further challenged by considerable clinical overlap between different FGIDs as well as other organic diseases, while many people with FGIDs have more anxiety and depression than healthy individuals. I hypothesised that assessment of separate components of FGIDs that also indicate their effect on the patient could improve diagnosis. My aim was to investigate the evolution of opinions from experts involved in the development of FGID diagnostic criteria on the proposal for the development of multiaxial assessment criteria (MAC) for FGIDs. Methods: I conducted a web-based Delphi study using a group of purposively sampled experts identified from committees of the Rome Foundation and the International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders. From a systematic search of relevant articles, I generated132 items that were sent to experts as a first round survey. The items assessed risk and contributing factors, the therapeutic relationship, areas of evaluation and the advantages and disadvantages of multiaxial assessment. Consensus on an item was reached when 75% of experts indicated that they agreed or strongly agreed with the statement. Key results: 36 of 68 eligible participants (52%) responded to the first round. Consensus was reached on 96 items. Using participant feedback, thematic analysis was used to generate 33 additional items for round two. Thirty-one of 36 participants (86%) replied to rounds two and three. In round two, 19 items gained consensus, and in round three, nine items gained consensus. Participants agreed that multiaxial assessment was needed, using a systematic approach to establish the physiological and psychosocial components of FGIDs. Participants were unable to agree on the importance of physical risk factors such as previous surgery and genetic association. Overall, 124 of the 167 items achieved consensus. Conclusion and inferences: The key finding from my study shows that experts agree that multiaxial assessment of FGIDs is needed. I also identified expert agreement on the consideration of psychological risk factors and the importance of the impact of FGID symptoms on daily life. Findings also show that experts disagreed on the impact of physical risk factors, socioeconomic status and spirituality on people with FGIDs. While experts could not agree on genetic and gender-based risk factors, they considered that these areas are important and require further research.
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Books on the topic "Consensus functions"

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A, Drossman Douglas, ed. Rome II: The functional gastrointestinal disorders : diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment : a multinational consensus. 2nd ed. McLean, VA: Degnon Associates, 2000.

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A, Drossman Douglas, ed. The Functional gastrointestinal disorders: Diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment : a multinational consenus. Boston: Little, Brown, 1994.

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1942-, Weinreb Robert N., Greve Erik L, Greenfield David S, Anderson Douglas R. 1938-, and Association of International Glaucoma Societies., eds. Glaucoma diagnosis structure and function: Reports and consensus statements of the 1st global AIGS meeting on 'structure and function in the management of glaucoma'. The Hague, Netherlands: Kugler Publications, 2004.

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London College of Printing and Distributive Trades. BA MPD Art and Design History dissertation 1991: The development of streamlining in the nineteen thirties: a consensus of taste and function. London: LCPDT, 1991.

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The Essential Public Health Functions in the Americas: A Renewal for the 21st Century. Conceptual Framework and Description. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275122648.

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The essential public health functions (EPHFs) have constituted the core of the agenda for strengthening the health sector in the Region of the Americas since the 1980s. Their conceptual development and measurement in the Region came in response to sectoral reforms that threatened to reduce the role of the State and public health, particularly the stewardship function of the health authorities. In that context, in 2000, the Member States of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) proposed to promote a conceptual and methodological framework for public health and its essential functions, giving rise to the regional initiative called "public health in the Americas". As part of this initiative, the essential functions of public health authorities were identified, their relevance was discussed, and a broad regional consensus was reached, as explained below. More than 15 years have passed. In response to current needs, this document reviews and updates the EPHF conceptual framework for the Region of the Americas. This new version is based on the experiences and lessons learned from the implementation and regional measurement of the EPHFs, new and persistent challenges for the health of the population and its social determinants, and new institutional, economic, social, and political conditions which affect the Region of the Americas. The document is structured into five sections. The first presents the key experiences and challenges that justify a renewal of the EPHFs. The second section updates the groundwork for the exercise of public health and provides a framework to inform the exercise of the new essential functions. The third section proposes a new integrated approach for implementing the EPHFs. The fourth section presents a new list of 11 EPHFs related to each stage of this integrated approach. Finally, in the last section, considerations are put forth to guide EPHF implementation as a means of strengthening the health sector.
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Lewens, Tim. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823650.003.0001.

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Many evolutionary theorists have enthusiastically embraced human nature, but large numbers of evolutionists have also rejected it. It is also important to recognize the nuanced views on human nature that come from the side of the social sciences. This introduction provides an overview of the current state of the human nature debate, from the anti-essentialist consensus to the possibility of a Gray’s Anatomy of human psychology. Three potential functions for the notion of species nature are identified. The first is diagnostic, assigning an organism to the correct species. The second is species-comparative, allowing us to compare and contrast different species. The third function is contrastive, establishing human nature as a foil for human culture. The Introduction concludes with a brief synopsis of each chapter.
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Glaucoma diagnosis structure and function: Reports and consensus statements of the 1st global AIGS consensus meeting on 'Structure and function in the management of glaucoma'. The Hague: Kugler, 2004.

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(Editor), Douglas A. Drossman, Joel E. Richer (Editor), and Nicholas Talley (Editor), eds. The Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Diagnosis, Pathophsiology, and Treatment: A Multinational Consensus. 3rd ed. Degnon and Associates, 1997.

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Drossman, Douglas A., and Joel E. Richer. The Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment : A Multinational Consensus. Little Brown & Co, 1994.

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Bonotti, Matteo. Political Parties and the Overlapping Consensus. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739500.003.0006.

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This chapter rejects the ‘extrinsic’ view of public reason examined in Chapter 4, and argues that political parties can play an important role in helping citizens to relate their comprehensive doctrines to political liberal values and institutions. Once we understand the distinctive normative demands of partisanship, this chapter claims, we can see that there is no inherent tension between them and the demands of the Rawlsian overlapping consensus. This is because partisanship (unlike factionalism) involves a commitment to the common good rather than the sole advancement of merely partial interests, and this implies a commitment to public reasoning. The chapter further examines three distinctive empirical features of parties that particularly enable them to contribute to an overlapping consensus. These are their linkage function, their advancement of broad multi-issue political platforms, and their creative agency.
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Book chapters on the topic "Consensus functions"

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Beliakov, Gleb, Tomasa Calvo, and Simon James. "On Penalty-Based Aggregation Functions and Consensus." In Consensual Processes, 23–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20533-0_2.

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Candeal, Juan Carlos, Esteban Induráin, and José Alberto Molina. "The Consensus Functional Equation in Agreement Theory." In Aggregation Functions in Theory and in Practise, 219–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39165-1_24.

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Crown, Gary D., Melvin F. Janowitz, and Robert C. Powers. "An Ordered Set Approach to Neutral Consensus Functions." In New Approaches in Classification and Data Analysis, 102–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51175-2_10.

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Marco-Detchart, Cedric, Graçaliz Pereira Dimuro, Mikel Sesma-Sara, Aitor Castillo-Lopez, Javier Fernandez, and Humberto Bustince. "Consensus Image Feature Extraction with Ordered Directionally Monotone Functions." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 155–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95312-0_14.

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Schneider, Guilherme, Bruno Moura, Eduardo Monks, Helida Santos, Adenauer Yamin, and Renata Reiser. "Int-FLBCC: Exploring Fuzzy Consensus Measures via Penalty Functions." In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 434–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08971-8_36.

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Bronevich, Andrey G., and Igor N. Rozenberg. "Event-Based Transformations of Set Functions and the Consensus Requirement." In Modeling Decisions for Artificial Intelligence, 77–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00202-2_7.

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Bortot, Silvia, Ricardo Alberto Marques Pereira, and Anastasia Stamatopoulou. "The Binomial Decomposition of the Single Parameter Family of GB Welfare Functions." In Soft Computing Applications for Group Decision-making and Consensus Modeling, 71–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60207-3_5.

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Boucheham, Anouar, and Mohamed Batouche. "Massively Parallel Feature Selection Based on Ensemble of Filters and Multiple Robust Consensus Functions for Cancer Gene Identification." In Studies in Computational Intelligence, 93–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14654-6_6.

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Lubchenco, Jane, and Peter M. Haugan. "The Ocean Transition: What to Learn from System Transitions." In The Blue Compendium, 445–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_12.

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AbstractThe ocean is the ultimate commons. Sustainability narratives now recognise what science continues to demonstrate—that ecosystems on land, rivers, deltas, estuaries and the ocean are intrinsically linked (Mathews et al. 2019). There is a growing consensus that the prosperity and well-being of humanity depends on the health of the ocean environment, including the ocean-climate nexus (OECD 2016; IPCC 2019). Critical indicators reveal that business as usual is going to result in the collapse of key biophysical ocean functions, with major implications for the global economy and societies (IPCC 2019). Science has demonstrated that these close systemic interlinkages in and among ecological, economic and social systems require solutions which are responsive and flexible, robust yet elastic (SDG 2019).
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Traut, Thomas W. "The functions and consensus motifs of nine types of peptide segments that form different types of nucleotide-binding sites." In EJB Reviews 1994, 105–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79502-2_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Consensus functions"

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Lee, Unsik, and Mehran Mesbahi. "Constrained consensus via logarithmic barrier functions." In 2011 50th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference (CDC-ECC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2011.6161496.

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Souza Oliveira, Lizandro de, Adenauer Correa Yamin, Renata Hax Sander Reiser, and Helida Salles Santos. "f-HybridMem: A consensual analysis via fuzzy consensus measures and penalty functions." In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzz-ieee55066.2022.9882879.

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"Unsupervised Consensus Functions Applied to Ensemble Biclustering." In International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004789800300039.

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Andreasson, M., D. V. Dimarogonas, and K. H. Johansson. "Undamped nonlinear consensus using integral Lyapunov functions." In 2012 American Control Conference - ACC 2012. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2012.6314733.

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XU, Sen, Tian ZHOU, and Hua Long YU. "Analysis and Comparisons of Clustering Consensus Functions." In 2nd International Conference on Electronic and Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emeit.2012.144.

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Tennakoon, Ruwan, David Suter, Erchuan Zhang, Tat-Jun Chin, and Alireza Bab-Hadiashar. "Consensus Maximisation Using Influences of Monotone Boolean Functions." In 2021 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr46437.2021.00289.

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Zhang, Erchuan, David Suter, Ruwan Tennakoon, Tat-Jun Chin, Alireza Bab-Hadiashar, Giang Truong, and Syed Zulqarnain Gilani. "Maximum Consensus by Weighted Influences of Monotone Boolean Functions." In 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00876.

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Panteley, Elena, Antonio Loria, and Srikant Sukumar. "Strict Lyapunov functions for consensus under directed connected graphs." In 2020 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc51009.2020.9143719.

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Fitzsimmons, Zack, and Edith Hemaspaandra. "Kemeny Consensus Complexity." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/28.

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The computational study of election problems generally focuses on questions related to the winner or set of winners of an election. But social preference functions such as Kemeny rule output a full ranking of the candidates (a consensus). We study the complexity of consensus-related questions, with a particular focus on Kemeny and its qualitative version Slater. The simplest of these questions is the problem of determining whether a ranking is a consensus, and we show that this problem is coNP-complete. We also study the natural question of the complexity of manipulative actions that have a specific consensus as a goal. Though determining whether a ranking is a Kemeny consensus is hard, the optimal action for manipulators is to simply vote their desired consensus. We provide evidence that this simplicity is caused by the combination of election system (Kemeny), manipulative action (manipulation), and manipulative goal (consensus). In the process we provide the first completeness results at the second level of the polynomial hierarchy for electoral manipulation and for optimal solution recognition.
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Gusmão, Renê, Allan Juan Araújo, and Francisco Carvalho. "A distributed approach to cluster multi-view relational data." In Congresso Brasileiro de Inteligência Computacional. SBIC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21528/cbic2023-098.

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Clustering of multi-view data has become an important research field. The efficient clustering of multi-view data is a challenging problem. This work aimed to investigate a distributed approach to cluster multi-view relational data. A PSO-based hybrid method was used to generate clustering from all views independently. Five different objective functions were explored to induce diversity to the clusterings since each function looks for different cluster structures. Five different consensus functions were compared to produce the final partition from the ensembles. Three multi-view real-world data sets were considered in this study. The Adjusted Rand Index, the F-measure and Silhouette clustering validity indexes were used to assess obtained clusterings. The distributed approach found better clusterings for all data sets considering at least one consensus function.
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Reports on the topic "Consensus functions"

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Lang, Jonas. Multilevel Modeling in R: Basic and Advanced Methods. Instats Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/aac2dxlrxcebk469.

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The seminar teaches basic and intermediate multilevel techniques used in the social, health, and organizational sciences in an accessible manner. The course relies on the free software R and the modeling packages lme4 and nlme along with help functions and datasets from the multilevel library (Bliese, 2021). Topics include (1) aggregation models and the use of agreement and reliability statistics like the ICC1, ICC2, and rwg, (2) model specification and interpretation of “standard” multilevel models used in organizational research (data centering, random slopes, interaction effects), (3) graphical methods to examine model assumptions, and (4) useful extensions of the standard model to test phenomena such as cross-classified multilevel models and consensus emergence in groups. An official Instats certificate of completion is provided at the conclusion of the seminar. For European PhD students, each seminar offers 2 ECTS Equivalent points.
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Lang, Jonas. Multilevel Modeling in R: Basic and Advanced Methods + 1 Free Seminar. Instats Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/sw0snl2upp0gv469.

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The hands-on seminar teaches basic and intermediate multilevel techniques used in the social, health, and organizational sciences in an accessible manner. The course relies on the free software R and the modeling packages lme4 and nlme along with help functions and datasets from the multilevel library (Bliese, 2021). Topics include (1) aggregation models and the use of agreement and reliability statistics like the ICC1, ICC2, and rwg, (2) model specification and interpretation of “standard” multilevel models used in organizational research (data centering, random slopes, interaction effects), (3) graphical methods to examine model assumptions, and (4) useful extensions of the standard model to test phenomena such as cross-classified multilevel models and consensus emergence in groups. When purchasing the seminar you will be freely enrolled in an on-demand seminar on multilevel SEM in R by Professor Zyphur, helping you to extend your multilevel learning and offering a substantial value. An official Instats certificate of completion is provided at the conclusion of the seminar. For European PhD students, each seminar offers 2 ECTS Equivalent points.
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Montville, Thomas J., and Roni Shapira. Molecular Engineering of Pediocin A to Establish Structure/Function Relationships for Mechanistic Control of Foodborne Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568088.bard.

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This project relates the structure of the bacteriocin molecule (which is genetically determined) to its antimicrobial function. We have sequenced the 19,542 bp pediocin plasmid pMD136 and developed a genetic transfer system for pediococci. The pediocin A operon is complex, containing putative structural, immunity, processing, and transport genes. The deduced sequence of the pediocin A molecule contains 44 amino acids and has a predicted PI of 9.45. Mechanistic studies compared the interaction of pediocin PA-1 and nisin with Listeria monocytgenes cells and model lipid systems. While significant nisin-induced intracellular ATP depletion is caused by efflux, pediocin-induced depletion is caused exclusively by hydrolysis. Liposomes derived from L. monocytogenes phospholipids were used to study the physical chemistry of pediocin and nisin interactions with lipids. Their different pH optima are the results of different specific ionizable amino acids. We generated a predicted 3-D structural model for pediocin PA-1 and used a variety of mutant pediocins to demonstrate that the "positive patch" at residues 11 and 12 (and not the YGNGV consensus sequence) is responsible for the binding step of pediocin action. This structure/function understanding gained here provides necessary prerequisites to the more efficacious use of bacteriocins to control foodborne pathogens.
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Skelly, Andrea C., Roger Chou, Joseph R. Dettori, Erika D. Brodt, Andrea Diulio-Nakamura, Kim Mauer, Rongwei Fu, et al. Integrated and Comprehensive Pain Management Programs: Effectiveness and Harms. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer251.

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Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness and harms of pain management programs that are based on the biopsychosocial model of care, particularly in the Medicare population. Data sources. Electronic databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, CINAHL®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) from 1989 to May 24, 2021; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Given lack of consensus on terminology and program definition for pain management, we defined programs as integrated (based in and integrated with primary care) and comprehensive (referral based and separate from primary care) pain management programs (IPMPs and CPMPs). Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IPMPs and CPMPs with usual care or waitlist, physical activity, pharmacologic therapy, and psychological therapy in patients with complex acute/subacute pain or chronic nonactive cancer pain. Patients needed to have access to medication support/review, psychological support, and physical function support in programs. Meta-analyses were conducted to improve estimate precision. We classified the magnitude of effects as small, moderate, or large based on predefined criteria. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for the primary outcomes of pain, function, and change in opioid use. Results. We included 57 RCTs; 8 evaluated IPMPs and 49 evaluated CPMPs. Compared with usual care or waitlist, IPMPs were associated with small improvements in pain in the short and intermediate term (SOE: low) and in function in the short term (SOE: moderate), but there were no clear differences at other time points. CPMPs were associated with small improvements in pain immediately postintervention (SOE: moderate) but no differences in the short, intermediate, and long term (SOE: low); for function, improvements were moderate immediately postintervention and in the short term; there were no differences in the intermediate or long term (SOE: low at all time points). CPMPs were associated with small to moderate improvements in function and pain versus pharmacologic treatment alone at multiple time frames (SOE: moderate for function intermediate term; low for pain and function at all other times), and with small improvements in function but no improvements in pain in the short term when compared with physical activity alone (SOE: moderate). There were no differences between CPMPs and psychological therapy alone at any time (SOE: low). Serious harms were not reported, although evidence on harms was insufficient. The mean age was 57 years across IPMP RCTs and 45 years across CPMP RCTs. None of the trials specifically enrolled Medicare beneficiaries. Evidence on factors related to program structure, delivery, coordination, and components that may impact outcomes is sparse and there was substantial variability across studies on these factors. Conclusions. IPMPs and CPMPs may provide small to moderate improvements in function and small improvements in pain in patients with chronic pain compared with usual care. Formal pain management programs have not been widely implemented in the United States for general populations or the Medicare population. To the extent that programs are tailored to patients’ needs, our findings are potentially applicable to the Medicare population. Programs that address a range of biopsychosocial aspects of pain, tailor components to patient need, and coordinate care may be of particular importance in this population.
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Sripad, Pooja. Exploring barriers and enablers of service provision for survivors of human trafficking in the Bay Area: An action research study. Population Council, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2021.1067.

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Despite increasing recognition of public health and rights issues associated with human trafficking globally and in the United States following the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, there has been limited research on how to systematically strengthen service access for survivors of sex and labor trafficking. The experience of service providers may provide insight into how trafficking survivor responses and service networks function in California’s Bay Area. This study explores provider perspectives on existing service networks and collaboration dynamics, including the barriers to and enablers of long-term service provision and survivor follow-up. A participatory research design included qualitative interviews with key informants working at nongovernmental organizations, organizational website reviews, and consultation with network service providers in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area. This study approach allowed for eliciting in-depth reflections of service provision, collective generation of stakeholder mapping, and consensus-driven recommendations arising from barriers and enablers to anti-trafficking service provision. This report enhances stakeholder awareness of existing organizational and policy resources and offers insights into research and programming on how anti-trafficking service response networks can be strengthened to provide survivor-centric support in the long-term.
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Wang, Li Fang, Yan Ting Cao, Tegeleqi Bu, Lin Fu, Jun Li Liu, and Jing Zhao. Do We Receive Cytomegalovirus Vaccination Before Solid Organ Transplant: a Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0143.

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Review question / Objective: We compared cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccination for solid organ transplantation recipients ( SOTs) with placebo treatment, to investigate the efficacy and safety for the prevention of CMV infection in SOTs. Condition being studied: Patients after solid organ transplantation subsequently become immunosuppressed, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common opportunistic pathogen to this population. The prevalence of CMV infection can reach 50% in the general population, and further up to 64-72% in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTs). CMV seropositive donors (CMV D+) puts even more pressure of CMV infection for SOTs. Post-transplant CMV infection can lead to neutropenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, tissue/end-organ invasive CMV disease (gastroenteritis, pneumonia, hepatitis, encephalitis), other infectious diseases, graft dysfunction, and multiple organ failure. CMV can disturb immune cell function, thus is one of the major risk factors that increase mortality within 6 months after transplantation. However, practical, effective method to prevent postoperative CMV infection for SOTs remains unresolved. Vaccination of CMV is only at clinical trials stage. To date, there is a lack of guidelines or consensus for preventing CMV disease for SOTs. Given the increasing clinical trials of CMV vaccination, it is important to clarify the evidence-based benefits and risks of CMV vaccination for SOTs, and to provide the best CMV disease prevention measurements.
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Daudelin, Francois, Lina Taing, Lucy Chen, Claudia Abreu Lopes, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, and Hamid Mehmood. Mapping WASH-related disease risk: A review of risk concepts and methods. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/uxuo4751.

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The report provides a review of how risk is conceived of, modelled, and mapped in studies of infectious water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) related diseases. It focuses on spatial epidemiology of cholera, malaria and dengue to offer recommendations for the field of WASH-related disease risk mapping. The report notes a lack of consensus on the definition of disease risk in the literature, which limits the interpretability of the resulting analyses and could affect the quality of the design and direction of public health interventions. In addition, existing risk frameworks that consider disease incidence separately from community vulnerability have conceptual overlap in their components and conflate the probability and severity of disease risk into a single component. The report identifies four methods used to develop risk maps, i) observational, ii) index-based, iii) associative modelling and iv) mechanistic modelling. Observational methods are limited by a lack of historical data sets and their assumption that historical outcomes are representative of current and future risks. The more general index-based methods offer a highly flexible approach based on observed and modelled risks and can be used for partially qualitative or difficult-to-measure indicators, such as socioeconomic vulnerability. For multidimensional risk measures, indices representing different dimensions can be aggregated to form a composite index or be considered jointly without aggregation. The latter approach can distinguish between different types of disease risk such as outbreaks of high frequency/low intensity and low frequency/high intensity. Associative models, including machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), are commonly used to measure current risk, future risk (short-term for early warning systems) or risk in areas with low data availability, but concerns about bias, privacy, trust, and accountability in algorithms can limit their application. In addition, they typically do not account for gender and demographic variables that allow risk analyses for different vulnerable groups. As an alternative, mechanistic models can be used for similar purposes as well as to create spatial measures of disease transmission efficiency or to model risk outcomes from hypothetical scenarios. Mechanistic models, however, are limited by their inability to capture locally specific transmission dynamics. The report recommends that future WASH-related disease risk mapping research: - Conceptualise risk as a function of the probability and severity of a disease risk event. Probability and severity can be disaggregated into sub-components. For outbreak-prone diseases, probability can be represented by a likelihood component while severity can be disaggregated into transmission and sensitivity sub-components, where sensitivity represents factors affecting health and socioeconomic outcomes of infection. -Employ jointly considered unaggregated indices to map multidimensional risk. Individual indices representing multiple dimensions of risk should be developed using a range of methods to take advantage of their relative strengths. -Develop and apply collaborative approaches with public health officials, development organizations and relevant stakeholders to identify appropriate interventions and priority levels for different types of risk, while ensuring the needs and values of users are met in an ethical and socially responsible manner. -Enhance identification of vulnerable populations by further disaggregating risk estimates and accounting for demographic and behavioural variables and using novel data sources such as big data and citizen science. This review is the first to focus solely on WASH-related disease risk mapping and modelling. The recommendations can be used as a guide for developing spatial epidemiology models in tandem with public health officials and to help detect and develop tailored responses to WASH-related disease outbreaks that meet the needs of vulnerable populations. The report’s main target audience is modellers, public health authorities and partners responsible for co-designing and implementing multi-sectoral health interventions, with a particular emphasis on facilitating the integration of health and WASH services delivery contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3 (good health and well-being) and 6 (clean water and sanitation).
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Office of the Special Project Facilitator’s Lessons Learned: Sri Lanka Integrated Road Investment Program. Asian Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/arm200271-2.

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The Office of the Special Project Facilitator (OSPF) is responsible for the problem-solving function of the Accountability Mechanism of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). It aims to actively respond to the concerns of people affected by ADB-assisted projects through fair, transparent, and consensus-based problem-solving. This publication discusses issues and resolutions relating to an integrated road investment project in Sri Lanka. It is one of OSPF’s Lessons Learned series of case studies on its complaint management experience—from project preparation, design, and processing to implementation and monitoring. The series aims to support ADB operations departments, government and private sector partners, and other stakeholders by documenting grievance redress management experiences and identifying important lessons and good practices on problem-solving that are useful for future projects.
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