Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conscience protection

Academic literature on the topic 'Conscience protection'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Conscience protection"

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Kane, Tiernan B. "Reevaluating Conscience Clauses." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 46, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhab005.

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Abstract Ronit Stahl and Ezekiel Emanuel have recently issued a stark challenge to conscience protections in medical law and ethics. Their argument is flawed, however. They misrepresent the nature and relevance of conscientious protection in the military, misinterpret the scope of consent tendered by modern medical professionals, and offer no reason to think either that conscientious objection harms patient well-being or that such harm should solely determine the permissibility of conscientious objection. Moreover, and most fundamentally, Stahl and Emanuel do not recognize that conscience protections promote moral integrity, a basic aspect of human well-being that justifies protective action.
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Dickens, B. "I094 PROTECTION OF CONSCIENCE." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 119 (October 2012): S183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60124-6.

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Constable, Robert. "Social Workers, Conscience Protection and Practice." Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought 32, no. 2 (April 2013): 114–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2013.779153.

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Reyes, René. "Common Cause in the Culture Wars?" Journal of Law and Religion 27, no. 2 (January 2012): 231–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400000394.

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A significant body of legal academic writing produced in recent years has argued that one of the primary purposes of the First Amendment's Religion Clauses was to protect freedom of conscience. But in the two decades since the Supreme Court's decision in Employment Division v. Smith, a number of commentators have suggested that freedom of conscience has lost its place as the focus of Free Exercise and Establishment Clause jurisprudence. Indeed, some have gone so far as to argue that protection for freedom of conscience has disappeared from the Free Exercise Clause almost entirely, leaving conduct that is motivated by a religious conscience without special constitutional protection. To be sure, some protection for freedom of conscience remains—but its constitutional source is often to be found outside of the Religion Clauses and its concern is often with non-religious activity.This evolution of doctrine has been extensively criticized by scholars of the Religion Clauses, many of whom view these developments as departures from original intent and from long-settled constitutional practice. Michael McConnell, Martha Nussbaum, and others have also advanced normative critiques, arguing that religious conscience is in many ways distinctive and merits distinctive constitutional solicitude under the Free Exercise Clause. At the same time, the Supreme Court's rejection of special privileges for religious claims of conscience has been welcomed by other scholars, some of whom have argued that preferential protection for religiously-motivated conduct is a form of unconstitutional discrimination. Two of the most prominent proponents of this position are Christopher Eisgruber and Lawrence Sager, who maintain that the Religion Clauses should be read to promote equal liberty rather than to provide special exemptions.
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Kravtsova, M. O., T. K. Datsiuk, and O. I. Filipenko. "LEGAL GUARANTEES OF FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AND RELIGION IN UKRAINE." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 5, no. 5 (October 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392191.

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The article identifies the main Ukrainian and international legal acts, which enshrine legal guarantees of freedom of conscience and religion. In particular, these rights are guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Freedoms, the UN Charter, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and a number of other acts. The legal consolidation of the rights of freedom, conscience and religion in the Constitution of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations" is considered, the bodies responsible for normative-legal and legislative regulation of legal provision of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion in Ukraine are determined. It was found that the mechanism of protection of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion is a system of effective legal means of implementation, protection and defense of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion in general and its individual elements (opportunities) enshrined in the laws of a particular state. The assessment of normative legal acts showed that the issues of uncertainty in the conceptual apparatus used in the regulation of the religious sphere remain unresolved; uncertainty in the subjects of religious relations, their rights and responsibilities; unequal legal status of religious groups and religious organizations; the degree of state intervention in state-church relations. The concepts and elements of the mechanism of legal provision of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion of the person in Ukraine are defined.The criteria for classification of legal remedies for freedom of conscience and freedom of religion, which include national remedies and public institutions, are analyzed. It is concluded that the state policy in the field of protection of freedom of conscience should be aimed at finding an effective organization of the system of public administration and control. To this end, it is necessary to specify and clearly delineate the powers of public authorities of Ukraine and public authorities, officials and specialists of various bodies of public administration, control and supervision in the field of protection of freedom of conscience.
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Беспалько, Виктор, and Viktor Bespalko. "Criminal-Law Protection of Religious Relations." Journal of Russian Law 2, no. 7 (September 18, 2014): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4823.

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In the article the author analyzes the current state of Russian law on crimes against freedom of conscience and religious security. He proves social necessity for criminal law protection of religious relations. He also proposes his classification of the criminal offenses. The article contains the term «religious security». It shows the main threats to religious security in modern conditions, which need counteraction by criminal law. The author developed amendments and additions to the Criminal Code, taking into account the level of religious relations in Russian society. He demonstrates the social significance of protection of the personal freedom of conscience and religious security from criminal trespasses in a democratic state. The author based results of his investigation on sociological findings and links to sources of domestic and foreign criminal law.
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Wardle, Lynn D. "A Matter of Conscience: Legal Protection for the Rights of Conscience of Healthcare Providers." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2, no. 4 (1993): 529–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100004576.

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A growing number of healthcare practices implicate serious moral concerns for growing numbers of healthcare providers. Social, legal, and medical developments, including abortion, contraception, euthanasia, withdrawal of feeding, blood transfusions, organ transplants, and routine autopsies, have put healthcare providers in the vortex of some of society's most controversial moral dilemmas.
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Askin, W. Joseph. "The conscience rights of Canadian physicians require protection." Canadian Medical Association Journal 190, no. 44 (November 4, 2018): E1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.70546.

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Kelly, Tobias. "Citizenship, Cowardice, and Freedom of Conscience: British Pacifists in the Second World War." Comparative Studies in Society and History 57, no. 3 (June 25, 2015): 694–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417515000250.

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AbstractFreedom of conscience is widely claimed as a central principle of liberal democracy, but what is conscience and how do we know what it looks like? Rather than treat conscience as a transcendent category, this paper examines claims of conscience as rooted in distinct cultural and political histories. I focus on debates about conscientious objection in Second World War Britain, and argue that, there, persuasive claims of conscience were widely associated with a form of “detached conviction.” Yet evidence of such “detached convictions” always verged on being interpreted as deliberate manipulation and calculation. More broadly, I argue that the protection of freedom of conscience is necessarily incomplete and unstable. The difficulties in recognizing individual conscience point to anxieties within liberal democracy. Not only strangers are suspect and mistrusted, but also those who claim to stand most strongly by the principles of liberal citizenship.
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Reuter, Hans-Richard. "Die Bedeutung des Gewissens für Christen in Kirche und Staat." Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik 35, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/zee-1991-0117.

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Abstract The demand for a right to military tax refusal aims at the protection from those conflicts of conscience that are resulting from an indirect involvement of the citizen in a state's capability of warfare. This raises the generat question of the relevance of conscience for public law. Normative and functional theories of conscience can only insufficiently explain the experience ofthe human conscience. The protestant concept of a freed conscience includes the possibility, that a Christian takes the responsibility for non-intended effects ofhis actions. In the case of a legal right to refuse military tax, an equal right ought tobe granted to persans whose conscience is worried by other kinds of conflicts. But this would be hardly compatible with the principle of democracy. The burden of conscience of those who refuse military taxes should be taken into account by individual regulations but not regulated by law
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conscience protection"

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Boullet, Daniel. "Entreprises et environnement en France de 1960 à 1990 : les chemins d'une prise de conscience." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100066.

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Une conscience de l'importance de la protection de l'environnement a gagne l'industrie. Le travail a vise a reconstituer pour la france la genese du phenomene : en degager les etapes, en reperer les facteurs (dans et hors de l'entreprise), faire la part des dynamiques d'origine nationale et celle des influences exterieures. 11 compte trois parties : avant 1960 ; les annees 1960; les annees 1970-1990, reparties en trois temps (1970/1976-77 1976-77/1983-84, 1983-84/1990), le premier et le dernier animes d'un rythme rapide, le deuxieme marque par des mutations plus lentes. A la base se trouvent des decisions prises par les pouvoirs publics dans les annees 60. Cette dynamique francaise originelle s'est renforcee, a partir de 1970 et surtout du milieu des annees 80, d'une deuxieme, d'origine exterieure, a la fois europeenne et internationale. La source d'influence majeure est cependant toujours restee celle de l'etat, meme si des pressions temporaires de l'opinion ont pu le conduire a franchir telle ou telle etape. D'un cap maintenu avec souplesse mais avec suffisamment de constance, les entreprises ont pu tirer des reperes assez clairs pour entamer et poursuivre leur evolution, de nombreuses en venant meme a tenter d'en tirer avantage. La relative rapidite du processus remet en cause l'idee d'un retard francais, qu'on ne saurait accepter sans nuance. Il a neanmoins ses limites, qui tiennent aux methodes employees par les pouvoirs publics, a des differences d'attitude selon les entreprises et les branches, ainsi qu'a une certaine reduction des objectifs fixes a la protection del'environnement, avant tout envisagee sous l'angle restreint de la lutte anti-pollution. Des questions plus larges, qui regardent la qualite de la vie des hommes autant que la qualite d'un environnement naturel metrologiquement controle, ont ete un peu delaissees. Les progres realises sur la voie d'un consensus environnemental resisteraient-ils a un effort de redefinition de ces objectifs ?
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Fiori, Ruth. "La construction d'une conscience patrimoniale parisienne à la fin du XIX siècle : acteurs, pratiques et représentations (1884-1914)." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010572.

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Cette histoire de la sauvegarde du patrimoine parisien s’appuie sur l’activité de groupements locaux fondés à Paris entre 1884 et 1914 : la Société des Amis des Monuments parisiens, les sociétés savantes d’arrondissements, la Commission municipale du Vieux Paris. Dans un contexte marqué par l’édification de la ville moderne et ses bouleversements urbains, ces nouveaux acteurs engagent une redéfinition du patrimoine qui révèle, dans ce tournant des XIXe et XXe siècles, une période fondatrice pour la patrimonialisation de la ville. Cette redéfinition, dominée par la valorisation de la notion de vieux Paris, doit d’abord être reliée à une représentation dichotomique de la ville, marquée par l’opposition vieux Paris/Paris moderne. Dans ce cadre, elle s’inscrit dans une évolution du regard porté sur la ville ancienne, amorcée dans les années 1830. Elle porte sur deux aspects complémentaires : la défense du bâti ancien menacé par les démolitions, et la préservation de l’esthétique parisienne. La défense du vieux Paris se caractérise par une extension du champ patrimonial, mais aussi par la constitution d’une nouvelle expertise dont témoignent les démarches et les mobilisations des groupements parisiens. L’analyse des acteurs montre par ailleurs la nouvelle dimension sociale de la sauvegarde du patrimoine en cette fin du XIXe siècle. Elle s’est accompagnée parallèlement d’un discours spécifique affirmant la nécessité de préserver « la beauté de Paris ». Cette promotion esthétique de la capitale a donné lieu à des démarches touchant à la préservation du paysage et de l’espace urbain, lesquelles conduisent à la naissance de la notion de site urbain et à la constitution des premiers sites parisiens. Elle montre que la sauvegarde du patrimoine parisien fut autant une tentative pour sauvegarder un visage de la ville en passe de disparaître que la volonté de préserver l’image de la capitale comme « plus belle ville du monde »
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Charest, Guillaume. "La conscientisation auprès des parents en situation de négligence: un regard critique à partir du point de vue des parents et des professionnels concernés en Centre jeunesse." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5362.

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Ce projet de recherche porte sur la conscientisation des parents dans le cadre de l’intervention en Centre jeunesse dans les situations de négligence des enfants. Il propose un regard critique qui s’appuie sur le point de vue de différent acteurs concernés (parents, intervenants, membres du personnel encadrant). Le projet met de l’avant un devis qualitatif qui s’inspire des approches interactionnistes symboliques. Il recourt à l’utilisation de données secondaires recueillies dans le cadre d’une vaste recherche intitulée : « Analyse des rapports de pouvoir au sein des pratiques axées sur l’empowerment des parents dont les enfants reçoivent des services d’un Centre jeunesse pour motif de négligence » (Lemay, 2012). L’étude considère le point de vue de cinquante participants : vingt parents, vingt intervenants et dix membres du personnel encadrant. Ils sont issus de deux centres jeunesse au Québec : le centre jeunesse de Montréal-Institut universitaire (CJM-IU) et le Centre jeunesse de l’Estrie (CJE). Les résultats mettent en lumière la dynamique de pouvoir sous-jacente au phénomène de « résistance » des parents, le caractère strictement individuel des prises de conscience visées et réalisées, ainsi que l’enjeu du partenariat du point de vue des acteurs. Ils apportent une contribution significative au champ d’étude des pratiques sociales et alimentent la réflexion sur le renouvellement démocratique des pratiques en Centre jeunesse.
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Samara, Samia. "Les politiques de protection et de sauvegarde des sites archéologiques et des monuments historiques en Grèce (1830-2013) : le cas d’Athènes." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100067/document.

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Cette recherche est consacrée aux pratiques de protection des monuments à Athènes, et ce depuis l’Indépendance. Elle est ainsi associée à une analyse précise de la législation, des débats qui l’ont accompagnée et des pratiques de sauvegarde des monuments historiques et des sites archéologiques de la capitale. Ce travail espère contribuer ainsi à une meilleure connaissance de l’évolution de la notion de patrimoine en Grèce. Une évolution qui est ponctuée par les évènements politiques qui ont mené à la construction de l’État grec pendant tout un siècle, mais aussi par les différentes ratifications des conventions européennes et internationales relatives à la protection du patrimoine. Cependant, la traduction de ces instruments normatifs s’avère contraignante dans un pays où l’héritage culturel est associé essentiellement aux témoignages matériels conformes à l’histoire nationale. Le régime patrimonial grec s’orchestre de ce fait, non sans difficultés, à une notion de patrimoine en perpétuelle évolution. Cet héritage qui était un bien national à l’image d’un peuple homogène héritier de la Grèce antique et de l’Empire byzantin devient aujourd’hui synonyme de legs diversifiés et produits de différentes « communautés ». Athènes à qui l'on a réfuté les témoignages « post-byzantins » inaugure aujourd’hui son premier « archontikó » ottoman
This research is devoted to the practical conservation of monuments in Athens since Independence. It is thus associated with a precise analysis of the legislation, debates that accompanied it, as well as practical conservation of historical monuments and the capital of archaeological sites. This work hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of the concept of heritage in Greece. This evolution is punctuated by political events that led to the construction of the Greek State for a whole century, but also by the different ratifications of European and international conventions concerning the heritage protection. However, the translation of these normative instruments proves compelling in a country where cultural heritage is associated primarily with material evidence in accordance with the national history. Greek patrimonial regime orchestra thus not without difficulty, to a notion of heritage in constant evolution. This legacy was a national asset for the image of a homogeneous people heir of ancient Greece and the Byzantine Empire now becoming synonymous with diverse legacies and products of different "communities". Athens who are denied the "post-Byzantine" testimony today inaugurated its first "archontikó" Ottoman
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Lampron, Louis-Philippe. "L’existence d’une hiérarchie juridique favorisant la protection des convictions religieuses au sein des droits fondamentaux canadiens." Thesis, Avignon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AVIG2029/document.

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Depuis l’arrêt Dagenais c. Radio-Canada, rendu en 1994, la Cour suprême du Canada n’a jamais remis en cause le principe selon lequel il ne doit exister aucune hiérarchie juridique entre les droits et libertés protégés par les chartes canadienne et québécoise. Or, une revue attentive de la jurisprudence canadienne en matière de protection des convictions religieuses nous a permis d’identifier une certaine réticence sinon un « certain malaise »  des institutions judiciaires lorsqu’elles doivent déterminer des limites claires au-delà desquelles les revendications fondées sur les convictions religieuses ne peuvent plus bénéficier d’une protection constitutionnelle ou quasi-constitutionnelle. Cette « réticence judiciaire » étant toute particulière aux dispositions protégeant les convictions religieuses au Canada, il nous a semblé plausible que ses impacts juridiques soient symptomatiques de l’établissement implicite – mais bien réel – d’une hiérarchie juridique matérielle (ou systémique) entre les différents droits fondamentaux protégés par les chartes canadienne et québécoise. En nous fondant sur un cadre d’analyse théorique inspiré par les travaux du professeur Rik Torfs, de l’Université catholique de Louvain en Belgique, et au moyen d’une étude focalisée sur le contexte des relations de travail, nous entendons démontrer que l’état actuel du droit canadien et québécois concernant les revendications fondées sur les différentes croyances et coutumes religieuses témoigne de l’application d’un modèle hiérarchique (le « modèle de confiance ») qui assigne aux dispositions concernant la protection des convictions religieuses individuelles une place parmi les plus élevées de cette même hiérarchie. Nous espérons ainsi contribuer de manière significative à la théorie du droit par l’atteinte de trois objectifs principaux : (1) Établir et mettre en œuvre une méthode permettant d’identifier une hiérarchie matérielle entre deux ensembles de droits fondamentaux ; (2) Mettre à jour l’étroite relation susceptible d’exister entre les différents modèles nationaux de gestion du pluralisme religieux et le concept de hiérarchie matérielle entre droits fondamentaux ; et (3) Établir l’existence d’une hiérarchie matérielle entre droits fondamentaux de nature constitutionnelle au Canada, par l’entremise de la démonstration du déséquilibre hiérarchique favorisant les dispositions protégeant les convictions religieuses au sein du plus large ensemble des droits et libertés de nature constitutionnelle au Canada
Since Dagenais c. Radio-Canada, rendered in 1994, the Supreme Court of Canada has never questioned the principle of “no legal hierarchy between the different Human Rights protected by the Canadian and Quebec charters. However, a careful review of Canadian jurisprudence on the protection of religious beliefs permits to detect a certain reluctance  if not a "discomfort"  of judicial institutions when they must identify clear boundaries beyond which the claims based on religious beliefs can not be constitutionnaly (or quasi-constitutionnaly) protected. This "judicial reluctance" being particular to provisions protecting religious convictions in Canada, it seemed possible to us that its impacts may be symptomatic of the implicit - but real - establishment a legal hierarchy between the various Human Rights protected by the Canadian and Quebec charters. Based on a theoretical framework inspired by the work of Rik Torfs, Professor in the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium, and through a study focused on the context of labor relations, we intend to demonstrate that the current state of Canadian and Quebec law on claims based on different religious beliefs and customs underlies the application of a hierarchical model (the "trust model") which assigns to the provisions protecting individual religious beliefs a place among the highest in the same hierarchy. In doing so, we hope to contribute significantly to the theory of law by achieving three main objectives : (1) To establish and implement a method permitting to identify a material hierarchy between two sets of fundamental rights, (2) To expose the close relationship that may exist between the different national models of management of religious pluralism and the concept of material hierarchy among human rights, and (3) To establish the existence of a material hierarchy between constitutional Human rights in Canada through the demonstration of hierarchical imbalance favoring the provisions protecting religious beliefs within the broader set of constitutionnal Human Rights in Canada
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Lampron, Louis-Philippe. "L'existence d'une hiérarchie juridique favorisant la protection des convictions religieuses au sein des droits fondamentaux canadiens." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862072.

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Depuis l'arrêt Dagenais c. Radio-Canada, rendu en 1994, la Cour suprême du Canada n'a jamais remis en cause le principe selon lequel il ne doit exister aucune hiérarchie juridique entre les droits et libertés protégés par les chartes canadienne et québécoise. Or, une revue attentive de la jurisprudence canadienne en matière de protection des convictions religieuses nous a permis d'identifier une certaine réticence sinon un " certain malaise "  des institutions judiciaires lorsqu'elles doivent déterminer des limites claires au-delà desquelles les revendications fondées sur les convictions religieuses ne peuvent plus bénéficier d'une protection constitutionnelle ou quasi-constitutionnelle. Cette " réticence judiciaire " étant toute particulière aux dispositions protégeant les convictions religieuses au Canada, il nous a semblé plausible que ses impacts juridiques soient symptomatiques de l'établissement implicite - mais bien réel - d'une hiérarchie juridique matérielle (ou systémique) entre les différents droits fondamentaux protégés par les chartes canadienne et québécoise. En nous fondant sur un cadre d'analyse théorique inspiré par les travaux du professeur Rik Torfs, de l'Université catholique de Louvain en Belgique, et au moyen d'une étude focalisée sur le contexte des relations de travail, nous entendons démontrer que l'état actuel du droit canadien et québécois concernant les revendications fondées sur les différentes croyances et coutumes religieuses témoigne de l'application d'un modèle hiérarchique (le " modèle de confiance ") qui assigne aux dispositions concernant la protection des convictions religieuses individuelles une place parmi les plus élevées de cette même hiérarchie. Nous espérons ainsi contribuer de manière significative à la théorie du droit par l'atteinte de trois objectifs principaux : (1) Établir et mettre en œuvre une méthode permettant d'identifier une hiérarchie matérielle entre deux ensembles de droits fondamentaux ; (2) Mettre à jour l'étroite relation susceptible d'exister entre les différents modèles nationaux de gestion du pluralisme religieux et le concept de hiérarchie matérielle entre droits fondamentaux ; et (3) Établir l'existence d'une hiérarchie matérielle entre droits fondamentaux de nature constitutionnelle au Canada, par l'entremise de la démonstration du déséquilibre hiérarchique favorisant les dispositions protégeant les convictions religieuses au sein du plus large ensemble des droits et libertés de nature constitutionnelle au Canada
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Krehbiel, Nicholas A. "Protector of conscience, proponent of service : General Lewis B. Hershey and alternative service during World War II." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1634.

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MACÊDO, Silvio José Maciel. "A atuação da legislação brasileira frente ao greenwashing: placebos de empresas que lesionam o consumidor ecologicamente consciente." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2018. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/2163.

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Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-09T19:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SÍLVIO JOSÉ MACIEL MACÊDO – DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2018.pdf: 768975 bytes, checksum: c1c9a2d4b5e89f46160d4c34b73de5f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-14
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O trabalho parte da premissa de que um meio ambiente equilibrado é direito intergeracional. Para tanto, é dever da sociedade, sobretudo, das empresas, cuidar deste valoroso bem. O consumidor tem se mostrado consciente ao optar por produtos ecologicamente corretos, todavia, parcela das empresas têm usado a consciência ecológica do consumidor para se beneficiar através da falsa consciência ecológica, o denominado Greenwashing ou “lavagem verde”. Justifica-se a pesquisa pela necessidade de fazer uma abordagem sobre este fenômeno verificando as consequências advindas desta prática fraudulenta para o consumidor e as possíveis punições às empresas que fazem uso do marketing verde para se autopromover. O objetivo principal é analisar a viabilidade de criação de legislação especifica sobre a matéria. No que tange a metodologia foi utilizada na fase de abordagem a pesquisa teórica de caráter exploratório e no procedimento fez uso do método bibliográfico. Empregou-se a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica através de coleta do referencial teórico em artigos, revistas científicas, doutrinas, relatórios, leis, pareceres e decisões judiciárias. Assim, constata-se que no ordenamento jurídico não há um mecanismo plenamente eficaz para coibir tal conduta devido as dificuldades em detectar e fiscalizar este fenômeno.
The work part of the premise that a balanced environment is intergenerational law .To this end, it is the duty of the society, especially, businesses care this valuable right.The consumer has shown to be aware by choosing eco-friendly products, however, share of companies have used the ecological consciousness of the consumer to benefit through the false consciousness, called Greenwashing or"lavagem verde". The research is justified by the need to make an approach to this phenomenon by checking the consequences arising from this fraudulent practice for the consumer and the possible punishments on companies that make use of green marketing to promote themselves. The main objective is to analyze the specifies creating legislation feasibility . When it comes the methodology was used in theoretical research approach phase of exploratory character and made use of the bibliographical method procedure. It was the technique of bibliographical research through collection of theoretical papers, journals, reports, laws, doctrines, opinions and court decisions . Thus, it appears that the legal system there is no fully effective mechanism to restrain such conduct because of the difficulties in detecting and monitor this phenomenon.
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Quirk, Patrick T. "Pathways for conscience protection in law: German, American and Australian perspectives." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/124503.

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This thesis considers various interactions between law, conscience, and religion in three countries: Germany, the United States, and Australia. Looking in detail at recent controversies, including those over headscarves and crucifixes, and sometimes exploring philosophical and theological themes, this thesis makes comparisons across these countries based on case law, existing legislation, and constitutional provisions, as well as proposed legislative reform. The thesis also considers debates that occur inside religious traditions and reflects upon how such discussions impact the well-established sincerity test, which prohibits courts from taking positions on theological questions. Understanding a foreign solution to a familiar problem often leads to a more precise grasp of one’s own law. This thesis applies this axiom to inform debate in the future work of Australian federal and state Parliaments as they attempt to protect freedom of conscience and religion in a complex social milieu.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Law School, 2020
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HSUEH-FENG, NIEN, and 粘雪風. "Study of Elementary School Students on Photonic Recognition and Environmental-Protection Conscience." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77044159802641600237.

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碩士
亞洲大學
光電與通訊學系碩士在職專班
100
Abstract The foremost purpose of this study is to investigate the photonic recognition and environmental-protect conscience for the elementary school students. Study was proceeded with questionnaire survey and the results for the photovoltaic knowledge, the commitment and the sustaining degree of the environmental-protect for the elementary school students were analyzed using statistical software. Conclusions in this study are drawn as follows: 1. More than 80 percent of right answer indicates that students with basic photovoltaic knowledge to represent curriculum contents of nature and living technology are capable of matching the course outline of these courses. 2. The fourth graders are with more photovoltaic knowledge than the fifth graders and the fifth graders are also with more photovoltaic knowledge than the sixth graders. 3. Higher graders are with forward and stronger environmental-protect conscience. 4. Students with attitude of photovoltaic utility are concentrative. 5. The sixth graders are with active willingness in photovoltaic utility. 6. Students with photovoltaic knowledge have nothing to do with the environmental-protect conscience. 7. Students with environmental-protect conscience have nothing to do with the attitude in photovoltaic utility. 8. Students with environmental-protect conscience have nothing to do with the willingness in photovoltaic utility.
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Books on the topic "Conscience protection"

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Le Togo: Lieux de mémoire et sites de conscience. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2013.

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Freedom of religion or belief: Ensuring effective international legal protection. The Hague: M. Nijhoff Publishers, 1996.

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SOS Terre en péril: Pour une nouvelle conscience planétaire. [Montréal]: Fides, 2010.

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Deflesselles, Bernard. Tous les défauts de la terre: Pour une prise de conscience de l'urgence écologique. Paris: Ramsay, 2007.

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Entretiens du patrimoine (1994 Paris, France). Science et conscience du patrimoine: Entretiens du patrimoine, Théâtre national de Chaillot, Paris, 28, 29 et 30 novembre 1994. [Paris]: Fayard, 1997.

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Bothered by my green conscience: How an SUV-driving, imported-strawberry-eating urban dweller can go green. Gabriola Island, B.C: New Society Publishers, 2009.

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Libertad de conciencia y Europa: Un estudio sobre las tradiciones constitucionales comunes y el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Madrid: Dykinson, 2011.

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Estado de cultura, derechos culturales y libertad religiosa. Madrid: Civitas, 2003.

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Association for Canadian Studies. Congrès. To see ourselves/to save ourselves : ecology and culture in Canada : proceedings of the annual Conference of the Association for Canadian studies held at the University of Victoria, from May 31 to June 1, 1990: Conscience et survie : écologie et culture au Canada : communications présentées lors du Congrès annuel de l'Association d'études canadiennes tenu à l'Université de Victoria, du 31 mai au 1er juin 1990. Montréal: Association for Canadian Studies = Association d'études canadiennes, 1991.

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Turning points in compassion: Personal journeys of animal advocates. Beaconsfield, W.A: SpiritWings Humane Education Inc., 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conscience protection"

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Dutta, Koushikee, and J. Kirk Ring. "Stakeholder Protection and Valuation Effects." In Business With a Conscience, 313–24. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003139461-27.

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Boorová, Brigita. "Tendencie udržateľného rozvoja v podmienkach Slovenskej republiky." In Socio-economic Determinants of Sustainble Consumption and Production II, 14–22. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8640-2021-2.

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Environmental protection has been a very important issue for decades. The re-use of natural resources, the mass production of waste, the deterioration of the quality of the biosphere, human activity and action in conjunction with scientific and technological progress have led to an ever-increasing degradation of the quality of the environment. However, human activity in relation to environmental protection does not have to be only negative in nature but it is up to us and our best conscience to carry out positive and beneficial activities in relation to the environment and thus reduce negative impacts to the minimum. Today, there are many conscious individuals among us who are really aware and conscious about the sustainable concept.
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Kaczor, Christopher. "Abortion and Conscience Protections." In The Ethics of Abortion, 238–62. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003305217-11.

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Shetreet, Shimon. "The Model of State and Church Relations and Its Impact on the Protection of Freedom of Conscience and Religion: A Comparative Analysis and a Case Study of Israel." In Religion in the Public Sphere: A Comparative Analysis of German, Israeli, American and International Law, 87–161. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73357-7_3.

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"FIVE. A THEORY OF EQUAL PROTECTION." In Conscience and the Constitution, 149–98. Princeton University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400863563.149.

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"Conscience Protection and the Incompatibility Thesis." In Defense of Dignity, 153–64. University of Notre Dame Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19m61nf.15.

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Little, David. "Freedom of Conscience and Its Right to Constitutional Protection." In Christianity and the Laws of Conscience, 187–207. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108883856.013.

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Christian, Bumke, and Voßkuhle Andreas. "5 Art. 4 GG: Freedom of Faith and Conscience." In German Constitutional Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808091.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses Art. 4 of the Grundgesetz (GG), which guarantees freedom of faith and conscience. Art. 4 para. 1 GG encompasses freedom to profess a religious faith, whereas Art. 4 para. 2 GG deals with freedom to practice a religion without interference. These fundamental rights are available to all persons. GG provides special protection for religious societies (Art. 140 GG in combination with Art. 136 et seq. of the Weimar Constitution). The chapter first considers the jurisprudence of the Federal Constitutional Court concerning the scope of protection for freedom of religion, taking into account the principle of state neutrality, and the constitutional justification for interference with religious freedom. It then explains the scope of protection for freedom of conscience, focussing on the conflict of norms between the state legal order and the freedom to act according to one's conscience.
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Simkhovitch-Dreyfus, Sabine. "III. Liberté de conscience versus protection de l’intégrité physique." In Circoncision, 45–62. Hermann, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/herm.cohen.2018.01.0045.

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McLeod, Carolyn. "Introduction." In Conscience in Reproductive Health Care, 1–16. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198732723.003.0001.

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Conscientious objections by health care professionals to abortion are a pressing global health issue (IWHC 2017; Chavkin et al. 2013). Many countries have in place laws or policies permitting abortion that include clauses providing some protection for conscientious objectors. Although it is difficult to know how often health care professionals exercise the freedom that “conscience clauses” offer them, there is evidence that they are using these policies more and more frequently to avoid having to provide abortions and similar services, such as contraception. For example, a recent report of the International Women’s Health Coalition (IWHC)—entitled ...
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Conference papers on the topic "Conscience protection"

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Ahmedov, Damir, and Alexey Nikitin. "LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON COUNTERING OFFENSES IN THE SPHERE OF IMPLEMENTING FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02058-6/036-043.

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The necessity to counteract the commission of crimes against freedom of conscience and freedom of religion is an integral part of the criminal law policy of a modern state. At the same time, the development of social relations, achievements of scientific and technological progress, transform existing social relations, which significantly complicates the law enforcement activities of law enforcement agencies, including in matters of ensuring the protection of freedom of conscience and freedom of religion.
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Polichnaya, Tatiana Evgenievna. "FEATURES OF THE CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AND RELIGION IN THE SOVIET PERIOD." In IV Международная научно-практическая конференция "Научные исследования и инновации". KDU, Moscow, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31453/kdu.ru.978-5-7913-1168-9-2021-185-193.

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This article is devoted to the analysis of the legislation of the Soviet period concerning the establishment and protection of the right to freedom of conscience and religion. The author analyzes the normative acts, criminal law norms that provide for liability for violation of the above-mentioned right.
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Tucak, Ivana, and Anita Blagojević. "COVID- 19 PANDEMIC AND THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHT TO ABORTION." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18355.

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The COVID - 19 pandemic that swept the world in 2020 and the reactions of state authorities to it are unparalleled events in modern history. In order to protect public health, states have limited a number of fundamental human rights that individuals have in accordance with national constitutions and international conventions. The focus of this paper is the right of access to abortion in the Member States of the European Union. In Europe, the situation with regard to the recognition of women's right to abortion is quite clear. All member states of the European Union, with the exception of Poland and Malta, recognize the rather liberal right of a woman to have an abortion in a certain period of time after conception. However, Malta and Poland, as members of the European Union, since abortion is seen as a service, must not hinder the travel of women abroad to have an abortion, nor restrict information on the provision of abortion services in other countries. In 2020, a pandemic highlighted all the weaknesses of this regime by preventing women from traveling to more liberal countries to perform abortions, thus calling into question their right to choose and protect their sexual and reproductive rights. This is not only the case in Poland and Malta, but also in countries that recognize the right to abortion but make it conditional on certain non-medical conditions, such as compulsory counselling; and the mandatory time period between applying for and performing an abortion; in situations present in certain countries where the problem of a woman exercising the right to abortion is a large number of doctors who do not provide this service based on their right to conscience. The paper is divided into three parts. The aim of the first part of the paper is to consider all the legal difficulties that women face in accessing abortion during the COVID -19 pandemic, restrictions that affect the protection of their dignity, right to life, privacy and right to equality. In the second part of the paper particular attention will be paid to the illiberal tendencies present in this period in some countries of Central and Eastern Europe, especially Poland. In the third part of the paper, emphasis will be put on the situation in Malta where there is a complete ban on abortion even in the case when the life of a pregnant woman is in danger.
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Nemţoi, Gabriela. "Interference with Freedom of Expression." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/50.

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Established as a personal right, the right to free speech implies obligations and duties, which may generate possible restrictions. Freedom of expression works correctly in a legal framework when it comes to a legitimate aim in a state law. Article 10, paragraph 2, of the Convention explains the conditions under which the right to freedom of expression is justified by the need to protect certain public interests (such as those relating to national security, the territorial space of the state, public order, the prevention of crimes, the protection of health and social morals, the guarantee of authority and the impartiality of the judiciary) but also to protect certain private interests, such as reputation and the rights of others. persons or the need to prevent the publication of secret information. This paragraph basically authorizes states to take certain measures to protect those interests, which materialize through rules and normative rules of the right to conscience, opinion and freedom of expression States enjoy a margin of appreciation for establishing the need for such reactions in a state governed by the rule of law, but in the end it is also up to the European Court of Human Rights to rule on the compatibility of interference with the provisions of the Convention, assessing on a case-by-case basis if the interference arises as a result of the urgent social issues and whether it is fair.
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Daleo, Joseph A., Keith A. Ellison, and Donald H. Boone. "Metallurgical Considerations for Life Assessment and the Safe Refurbishment and Re-Qualification of Gas Turbine Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0642.

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Metallurgical analysis of rotating blades operating in advanced gas turbine engines is important in establishing actual operating conditions, degradation modes, remaining life, and most importantly, the proper repair and rejuvenation techniques to be used in developing optimum component life strategics. The elevated firing temperatures used in the latest engine designs result not only in very high metal surface temperatures but also in very high temperature gradients and concomitant thermal strains induced in part by the complex and efficient cooling systems. This has changed the primary function of today’s superalloy-coating systems from one of hot corrosion protection to moderating high temperature oxidation reactions. Furthermore, as a result of the high thermal strains induced by the cooling systems, long term metallurgical structural stability issues now revolve around optimizing both thermal mechanical fatigue (TMF) resistance and creep life. Thus the gradual change to Directionally Solidified (DS) and Single Crystal (SC) alloys throughout the industry. The use of DS and SC alloys coated with state of the art TBC, platinum modified aluminide and MCrAlY coatings with or without subsequent aluminizing applied by vacuum plasma spray (VPS), high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF), physical vapor deposition (PVD), air plasma spray (APS) and by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods along with the wide spread use of internal aluminide coatings have made today’s rotating components prohibitively expensive to replace after only one cycle of operation. It is therefore, or should now be a high priority for all cost conscience gas turbine users to help develop reliable repair and rejuvenation strategies and techniques to minimize their operating cost. Traditional metallurgical considerations required for life assessment and the reliable refurbishment and re-qualification of gas turbine blades are reviewed along with some new exciting techniques. Examples of component degradation modes are presented. Appropriate attention to metallurgical issues allows turbine users to more successfully and economically operate their turbines.
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Nikitin, Aleksey, and Damir Ahmedov. "FORMATION OF RUSSIAN LEGISLATION ON FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE AND RELIGION." In Law and law: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02033-3/055-057.

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This article deals with ensuring the development of the legal framework of public relations in the sphere of freedom of conscience and religion, creating and modernizing means of protecting human and civil rights and freedoms.
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