Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conron'

Dans cette thèse, les domaines diamagnétiques appelés " domaines de Condon " sont étudiés. L'origine de ces domaines est la quantification des états d'énergie des électrons soumis à un champ magnétique en niveaux de Landau conduisant à l'effet de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA). Pour la première fois, la structure magnétique des domaines de Condon est détectée à la surface d'un échantillon en argent à l'aide d'une sonde locale de l'aimantation. Pour ce faire, un réseau contenant cinq microsondes de Hall ayant une résolution spatiale d'une dizaine de micromètres et une résolution magnétique de 1e-4 est utilisé. La période de la structure des domaines et l'épaisseur des parois sont estimées. L'hystérèse est observée dans l'effet dHvA en présence de domaines de Condon. La boucle d'hystérèse est détectée par les sondes de Hall DC et par des mesures standard de susceptibilité AC. La détection de l'hystérèse par la technique AC offre une méthode très sensible avec laquelle les diagrammes de phase des domaines de Condon sont déterminés pour un échantillon d'argent et pour un échantillon de béryllium
In this thesis, diamagnetic domains called “Condon domains” are investigated. The origin of these domains is the Landau quantization of the electron energy states in a magnetic field leading to the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect. Here, for the first time, the Condon domain structure is detected at the surface of a silver sample with a local magnetic field probe. Magnetic field changes of the order of 1e-4 are resolved with an array of micro Hall probes on length scales of some ten micrometers. The domain period and the domain wall thickness are estimated. Furthermore, hysteresis is observed in the dHvA effect in the Condon domain state. The hysteresis loop is identified using DC Hall probes and a standard AC modulation field technique. The detection of the hysteresis with the AC technique offered a highly sensitive method by which experimental phase diagrams of the Condon domain state are determined for silver and beryllium samples

Conon d’Athènes fait partie des personnages qui ont fortement marqué l’histoire de sa cité durant la période classique. Son influence au cours de cette étape de l’histoire de la Grèce ne s’est pas limitée à Athènes. En effet, il est un acteur des rapports que celle-ci entretient avec les autres cités grecques, particulièrement avec Sparte, mais surtout des relations entre Athènes et les Perses, notamment Pharnabaze et Artaxerxès II. Malgré cette présence remarquable et incontestable, la vie et la personnalité de Conon n’ont guère fait l’objet de contributions approfondies et complètes. C’est l’objectif que cette étude s’est fixé, en proposant de Conon d’Athènes cet essai de biographie. Il ressort en définitive que l’homme a connu une trajectoire singulière. Durant la dernière décennie de la guerre du Péloponnèse, il apparaît comme un stratège très actif auquel la cité renouvelle sa confiance. Mais à la défaite d’Aigos-Potamos en 405 il réagit par un exil volontaire à Chypre,où il prépare son retour dans sa patrie et un spectaculaire renversement des rapports de force tant entre Grecs et Perses qu’entre les deux grandes cités grecques de l’époque. Comblé d’honneurs dans Athènes comme dans les cités qu’il a libérées de Sparte, il meurt néanmoins dans un nouvel exil
Conon of Athens played a major role in classical Athenian history. His influence even reached far beyond this famous city. He was an immensely important actor in the international relations between Athens, Sparta and other Greek cities, and the most important intermediary for Athens with Artaxerxes II, Pharnabazus and the Persians more generally. In spite of this prominent role there are few focussed studies of Conon’s extraordinary career and personality. By presenting a biographical essay on him this study therefore fills a significant gap in ancient-history scholarship. This essay explores the striking direction of his career. Coming out of almost total obscurity in 414/3, he started a civil and military career that experienced a brutal interruption after Athens’s total defeat at Aegospotami in 405/4. After living for 12 years in exile, he returned, eventually, to his city, in 394/3, as a celebrated military victor and hero. But his exceptional career ended, in 390/89, again, a long away from Athens

Surge de este modo, la necesidad de construir nuevos edificios deportivos, más cercanos y abiertos a la comunidad, ya que según estudios la actividad física tiende a cero si no existe infraestructura disponible en el barrio para la práctica deportiva y por el contrario, cuando hay infraestructura de calidad, la demanda por su uso sobrepasa las expectativas.

The true story of an African American pilot, John Robinson, who broke through racial barriers to become a pilot and commander of the Ethiopian Air Force in their 1935 fight for freedom against fascist Italy.

Myriad reports of UFO sightings exist and are well documented in the literature of the study of UFOs. This field is widely known as ufology. The history of UFO sightings and their socio-political context and consequences constitutes the broad subject of this study and provides a site for analysis of how scientists address, both publicly and privately, anomalies that appear to pertain to science. The Condon Report, the Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects, commissioned by the Air Force in 1968, provides a complex case for the exploration of how the outcome and conclusions of the study were influenced by all that had gone on before in ufology.AB
Master of Science

In diesem Vortrag wird Condor als ein Job-Managementsystem für Rechen-Cluster vorgestellt. Dabei wird Funktionsweise an einem Beispiel demonstriert und erläutert. Besonders untersucht wird das Checkpointing und Migrieren von Prozessen zwischen verschiedenen Knoten.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-90).
South Africa has one of the world's highest rates of HIV infection. Little previous research has focused on the relationship between individuals in different sexual contexts and their attitudes toward condom choice. I tested the hypotheses that (a) implicit and explicit measures of attitudes towards condom choice would show that individuals in casual sexual contexts, compared to those in the context of exclusive sexual relationships, would spontaneously associate more strongly with brand-name condoms over generic condoms, and (b) there would be a positive correlation between explicit and implicit attitudes towards condom choice.

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O estudo realizado entre os anos de 2005 e 2008 se refere ao esforço dos integrantes do Terno da Coroa de São Benedito no sentido da resistência cultural, manutenção e perpetuação da manifestação Congada, em Passos-MG. Procura expor em detalhes a construção de uma vida outra, sagrada, simbólica, mítica e mágica trançada do viver objetivo, preservando aquilo que tem de mais profundo e sagrado: as encantarias da festa do Rosário, de São Benedito, do Reinado e da Cavalhada. No mundo real os congadeiros cumprem um ritual de morte e de (re) nascimento, que conta léguas e léguas de histórias do desterro forçado de seus povos. Choram a retirada de seus antepassados do Congo africano, choram pelo passado de escravidão; no mundo imaginário recriam a maravilha da festa de Reis e Rainhas, onde trabalhadores rurais, carpinteiros, pedreiros, serventes e donas-de-casa se transformam em famílias reais, desfilando num cortejo real. A Dissertação busca identificar e relacionar os aspectos de resistência da Congada e como fazem para manter as tradições de uma festividade com quase dois séculos na região, utilizando o suporte dos estudos da Antropologia Contemporânea como formadores de arcabouço teórico para fundamentação da pesquisa.
The study conducted between the years of 2005 and 2008 refers to the efforts of members of Terno da Coroa de São Benedito in the sense of cultural resistance, maintenance and perpetuation of the demonstration Congada, Passos-MG. It exposes in details the construction of another life, sacred, symbolic, mythical and magical woven objective living, preserving what is deeper and sacred: the enchantary of Festa do Rosário, São Benedito, the Reinado and the Cavalhada. In the real world Congadeiros meet a ritual of death and (re) birth, which account miles and miles of stories of forced exile from their people. They cry the withdrawal of their ancestors of the African Congo, crying the past of slavery, in the imaginary world recreate the wonder of the party of Kings and Queens, where rural workers, carpenters, bricklayers , serventes and housewives are transformed into real families, parading a real procession. The Dissertation seeks to identify and relate aspects of the resistance Congada and how they maintain the traditions of a festivity with nearly two centuries in the region, using the support of studies of Contemporary Anthropology as trainers of theoretical framework for reasons of search.

Orientador: Eliana Amábile Dancini
Banca: Edmilson Felipe da Silva
Banca: Mário José Filho
Resumo: O estudo realizado entre os anos de 2005 e 2008 se refere ao esforço dos integrantes do Terno da Coroa de São Benedito no sentido da resistência cultural, manutenção e perpetuação da manifestação Congada, em Passos-MG. Procura expor em detalhes a construção de uma vida outra, sagrada, simbólica, mítica e mágica trançada do viver objetivo, preservando aquilo que tem de mais profundo e sagrado: as encantarias da festa do Rosário, de São Benedito, do Reinado e da Cavalhada. No mundo real os congadeiros cumprem um ritual de morte e de (re) nascimento, que conta léguas e léguas de histórias do desterro forçado de seus povos. Choram a retirada de seus antepassados do Congo africano, choram pelo passado de escravidão; no mundo imaginário recriam a maravilha da festa de Reis e Rainhas, onde trabalhadores rurais, carpinteiros, pedreiros, serventes e donas-de-casa se transformam em famílias reais, desfilando num cortejo real. A Dissertação busca identificar e relacionar os aspectos de resistência da Congada e como fazem para manter as tradições de uma festividade com quase dois séculos na região, utilizando o suporte dos estudos da Antropologia Contemporânea como formadores de arcabouço teórico para fundamentação da pesquisa.
Abstract: The study conducted between the years of 2005 and 2008 refers to the efforts of members of Terno da Coroa de São Benedito in the sense of cultural resistance, maintenance and perpetuation of the demonstration Congada, Passos-MG. It exposes in details the construction of another life, sacred, symbolic, mythical and magical woven objective living, preserving what is deeper and sacred: the enchantary of Festa do Rosário, São Benedito, the Reinado and the Cavalhada. In the real world Congadeiros meet a ritual of death and (re) birth, which account miles and miles of stories of forced exile from their people. They cry the withdrawal of their ancestors of the African Congo, crying the past of slavery, in the imaginary world recreate the wonder of the party of Kings and Queens, where rural workers, carpenters, bricklayers , serventes and housewives are transformed into real families, parading a real procession. The Dissertation seeks to identify and relate aspects of the resistance Congada and how they maintain the traditions of a festivity with nearly two centuries in the region, using the support of studies of Contemporary Anthropology as trainers of theoretical framework for reasons of search.
Mestre

The ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) are a widely accepted measure used to quantify, monitor and subjectively regulate an individual's exercise tolerance and level of exertion. Despite recent encouraging findings (Eston et ai, 2005, 2006), the predictive utility of the RPE during estimation and perceptually-regulated exercise tests (production) has been studied infrequently.

To further understand the predictors of condom use for HIV prevention, this cross-sectional study surveyed 276 heterosexually active couples, between the ages of 16 and 29, who had been dating for less than one year. Each partner completed a self-report, multidimensional survey package and returned it via mail. Study objectives were to examine: (1) whether variables previously associated with condom use in studies of individuals (i.e., communication, attitudes toward condoms, knowledge, relationship variables), were associated with condom use in the context of the couple relationship; (2) whether there were paired-gender differences on the predictor variables; and (3) whether attachment style was associated with condom use among the couples sampled. The unique and innovative aspects of the study were its focus on couples and its exploration of the influence of attachment. The study yielded several important results. First, congruence of partner scores regarding the perception of need for condoms safe relationships was of particular importance in predicting the likelihood of condom use. Consistent condom use was more likely to occur if both partners held a positive perception; inconsistent or non-condom use was more likely if both partners held a negative view. Second, the variables that had been previously identified as predictors in studies of individuals, taken together, helped to correctly classify inconsistent/no-condom use, but did not do so for consistent use. Third, although females reported asking questions about their partner's sexual history more often than did males, and also reported carrying the burden of the decision to use condoms, their decision was ultimately influenced by their male partner's perception of whether condoms should be used. Finally, although there were no significant relationships between attachment style and condom use, it is not possible to rule out the absence of an association owing to the inadequate representation of all attachment styles in this sample. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between condom use predictor variables and attachment working models that represent the individual's image of other people, and the individual's image of self. Results are discussed with respect to decision-making heuristics and optimistic bias regarding HIV/STD risk perceptions, and implications for intervention strategies are suggested.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The presente work aims the study of Operation Condor, which emerged in the 70s in Latin America. It was a Union between Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Chile, all under military rule. Conceived and led by Manuel Contreras, Chilean general charge of the Intelligence Service of his country, it was an improvement on existing cooperation to exchange information among member countries. These events occurred in the context of the Cold War and has participated directly and indirectly, the United States, which were the leading power of the capitalist block. The study was limited to a partial analysis, directed to the repression of communism, seen as the enemy of the state, and all that that entailed: the development of intelligence, information exchange between the governments of the Southern Cone, strong repression of freedom and consequently, violation of human rights. The work was basically guided by four questions: Operation Condor as a state policy undemocratic and violate human rights, international cooperation to achieve the objectives of the government, the policy of dismantling the regime's opponents, the contribution of these events for the recognition of a new crime against humanity, forced disappearances. From this study emerged a number of assumptions: the absence of political and geographical borders to greater mobility and agents exceeded the limits of the policy of war only with international cooperation, especially the U.S., it was possible the implementation of Operation Condor, a cooperation between the Southern Cone countries was the embryo and experimental, culminating in the consolidation of the intelligence services and death squads. The article concludes with a brief survey of amnesty laws, attempts to punish the leaders and agents of these schemes and the consequences at the international level, as the aforementioned recognition of the category of forced disappearance as a crime against humanity
O presente trabalho tem por objeto o estudo da Políticas Coercitivas da Operação Condor, surgida na década de 70 na América Latina. Constituiu uma união entre Brasil, Argentina, Uruguai, Paraguai, Bolívia e Chile, todos sob regime militar. Idealizada e liderada por Manuel Contreras, general chileno responsável pelo Serviço de Inteligência de seu país, foi um aprimoramento da cooperação já existente para troca de informações entre os países membros. Esses acontecimentos ocorreram no contexto da Guerra Fria e tiveram a participação, direta e indireta, dos Estados Unidos, que eram a potência líder do bloco capitalista.O estudo limitou-se a uma análise parcial, direcionada à repressão ao comunismo, visto como inimigo de Estado, e tudo o que isso implicou: desenvolvimento dos serviços de inteligência, troca de informações entre os governos do Cone Sul, forte repressão à liberdade e, consequentemente, violação a direitos humanos.O trabalho foi norteado basicamente por quatro questionamentos: a Operação Condor como uma política de Estado antidemocrática e violadora dos direitos humanos; a cooperação internacional para o alcance dos objetivos dos governantes; a política de eliminação dos opositores do regime; a contribuição desses acontecimentos para o reconhecimento de um novo crime contra a humanidade, o dos desaparecimentos forçados. Deste estudo surgiram algumas hipóteses: a ausência de fronteiras políticas e geográficas possibilitou maior mobilidade aos agentes e ultrapassou os limites da política de guerra; somente com a cooperação internacional, especialmente a norte-americana, foi possível a concretização da Operação Condor; a cooperação entre os países do Cone Sul foi a fase embrionária e experimental, culminando na consolidação dos serviços de inteligência e grupos de extermínio. Ao final, apresenta-se um breve levantamento das leis de anistia, das tentativas de punição aos líderes e agentes desses regimes e as consequências no plano internacional, como o já mencionado reconhecimento da categoria de desaparecimento forçado como crime contra a humanidade

With the spread of the Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and sexually transmitted diseases, it is extremely important for sexually active individuals to protect themselves properly if they decide to engage in sexual intercourse. Knowledge of HIV and the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome has been associated with safer sexual practices, but knowledge alone does not totally explain risky sexual practices. This study examined how 154 college students' knowledge of HIV/AIDS, relationship status, perceptions of condom use, and perceptions of personal risk affect condom use during sexual intercourse. The impact of trust and love justifications along with the approval of peers were also examined. Perceptions of condom use and perceptions of personal risk were compared by gender and ethnicity; how perception of personal risk is related to condom use and condom use intentions was also examined. Condom use intention was found to be a significant predictor of condom use, and a significant difference of means for condom use intentions was reported between individuals who used condoms during their last experience with sexual intercourse and those who did not use condoms during their last sexual experience

This study investigated influence strategies used by university students to negotiate condom use. The study examined the seven condom influence strategies (CISs) -withholding sex, direct request, seduction, relationship conceptualizing, risk information, deception, and pregnancy prevention- used by heterosexually active male and female students. The sample comprised of 156 first year students (male=44 and female=112). Statistically significant correlations were found among all the condom influence strategies subscales. Results suggest that the university students influence their partners in all identified condom influence strategies and the risk information strategy holds the most promise of all the strategies.

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The current work aimed to study the intercropping system effect of the peach palm plants (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) on phenologyc and agronomic aspects of the conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froenher var. EMCAPA 8131). The experiment was led, in July of 2006, a total area of 1500 m2, in the Fazenda Experimental de Bananal do Norte FEBN, pertaining to the Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural INCAPER, Pacotuba, district of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, ES, in the split randomized blocks designed, with four repetitions and five treatments. The first one was the witness (T1), conilon coffee in monoculture, and the others, with conilon coffee intercropped with peach palm plants spaced of: 6,0 m x 2,0 m (T2); 6,0 m x 1,0 m (T3); 3,0 m x 2,0 m (T4) and 3,0 m x 1,0 m (T5). The coffee, in all the treatments, was cultivated in the spacing of 3,0 m between lines and 1,5 m between plants. The parcel was constituted of 36 plants of coffee, being the 8 central plants (inner plot) used in the evaluations. Of the cofee tree the following characteristics were evaluated: height of the plants (ALTPL), diameter of the pantry (DIAMPL), number of productive ortotropics branches (NRPR) and not productive (NRNPR), length of the plagiotropics branches of last-born average (CRAPLA), number of us in plagiotropics branches of last -born average (NNPLA), number of plagiotropics branches (NRAPLAG), total connecting rod for plant (HTPL), number of productive connecting rod for ha (NHPRHA), number of total connecting rod for ha (NHTHA), length (CG) and diameter (MD) of the grain, leaf number for parcel (NF), total foliar area (AFO), index of foliar area (IAF), weight of the dry mass of the leaf sample (MSF), number of fruits of one plants of each parcel (NFRUP), weight of the cool mass of coffee harvested for plant (PFCCPL), total size of fruits for plant (VTOPL) weight of the dry mass of coffee harvested for plant (PSCCPL) and the production of bags benefited for ha (SCBHA). Of the ground it was determined humidity (UBS) and the characteristics physical and chemical. Of the peach palm plants they were evaluated: height of the plants (point V) (ALTPV), diameter of estipe the 20 cm of the ground (DIAM), number of shoot for plant (NPERF) and average weight of the palm leaf (WEIGHT). The research shows that: xx (i) the macronutrients that occur more frequently in the farming as limitante are ben K, S and P; (ii) for the micronutrients the deficiency follow the sequence Zn, Mn and Fe; (iii) the index of nutricional rocking (IBN) is raise in all the treatments; (iv) the hatching influence, significantly, the index of foliar area, the percentage of buoy and the productivity in bags benefited for ha-1 and do not influence the income in the pealing; and (v) the peach palm plants bring a financial increment in all the treatments, when compared with the witness.
O presente trabalho objetivou estudar o efeito do sombreamento do palmito pupunha (Bactris Gasipaes Kunth) sobre aspectos fenológicos e agronômicos do café conilon (Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froenher var. EMCAPA 8131). O experimento foi conduzido, em julho de 2006, numa área total de 1500 m2, na Fazenda Experimental de Bananal do Norte (FEBN), pertencente ao Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (INCAPER), em Pacotuba, distrito de Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, ES, no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e cinco tratamentos. O primeiro foi a testemunha (T1), com café conilon em monocultivo, e os demais com café conilon consorciado com pupunheiras espaçadas de: 6,0 m x 2,0 m (T2); 6,0 m x 1,0 m (T3); 3,0 m x 2,0 m (T4); e 3,0 m x 1,0 m (T5). O café, em todos os tratamentos, foi cultivado no espaçamento de 3,0 m entrelinhas e 1,5 m entre plantas. A parcela foi constituída de 36 plantas de café, sendo as 8 plantas centrais (parcela útil) utilizadas nas avaliações. Do cafeeiro foram avaliadas as seguintes características: altura das plantas (ALTPL), diâmetro da copa (DIAMPL), número de ramos ortotrópicos produtivos (NRPR) e não produtivos (NRNPR), comprimento dos ramos plagiotrópicos do terço médio (CRAPLA), número de nós em ramos plagiotrópicos do terço médio (NNPLA), número de ramos plagiotrópicos (NRAPLAG), haste total por planta (HTPL), número de haste produtiva por ha (NHPRHA), número de haste total por ha (NHTHA), comprimento (CG) e diâmetro (MD) do grão, número de folhas por parcela (NF), área foliar total (AFO), índice de área foliar (IAF), peso da massa seca da amostra de folhas (MSF), número de frutos de uma planta de cada parcela (NFRUP), peso da massa fresca de café colhido por planta (PFCCPL), volume total de frutos por planta (VTOPL), peso da massa seca de café colhido por planta (PSCCPL) e produção de sacas beneficiadas por ha (SCBHA). Do solo determinou-se a umidade (UBS) e as características física e química. Das plantas de pupunheira foram avaliados: altura das plantas (ponto V) (ALTPV), diâmetro do estipe a 20 cm do solo (DIAM), número de perfilhos por planta (NPERF) e peso médio dos palmitos (PESO). Conclui-se que: (i) os macronutrientes que ocorre com maior freqüência na x viii lavoura como limitante são K, S e P; (ii) para os micronutrientes a deficiência segue a seqüência Zn, Mn e Fe; (iii) o índice de balanço nutricional (IBN) é elevado em todos os tratamentos; (iv) o sombreamento influencia, significativamente, o índice de área foliar, o percentual de bóia e a produtividade em sacas beneficiadas por ha-1 e não influencia o rendimento na pilagem; e (v) a pupunheira traz um incremento financeiro em todos os tratamentos, quando comparados à testemunha.

The absence of consistent and correct usage of condoms increases the risk of STI's and HIV/AIDS. However, most studies done to date across the nation indicate a low usage of condoms among college students. In fall of 2004, the National College Health Assessment was administered to a random sample of students at a state comprehensive university in south central Kentucky. Findings revealed that among the sexually active students, approximately half never used condoms during vaginal intercourse. Further among students engaging in anal sex, an alarmingly high proportion --95%- reported never using condom during this act. These findings along with differences noted in various subgroups (gender, Greek Status, housing, class standing) and other risk behaviors (alcohol, illicit drug use) will be presented and discussed.

In this degree project in aerospace engineering, a preliminary design of a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) was performed. The UAV was intended to be used as a complement to the Swedish maritime administration’s helicopters, which cannot operate under limited visibility conditions. Its main mission would consist of surveillance. The UAV was therefore designed for some series criteria that were based on the customers’ requirements. The primary literature that was used was John D. Andersons Aircraft performance and design. Otherwise, historical statistical data from other aircraft was used and numerous assumptions were made. The result was a relatively small UAV named The Condor, weighing 25.6 kg with a wingspan of 2.5 m and operational in an altitude of 3500 m with a cruise speed of 81 knots. The UAV’s range is 70 nautical miles and is also able to operate in up to six hours. It should be able to manage a 300 m long runway. The chosen wing profile was the NACA 1412 with a maximal thickness and camber of 12 % and 1 % of the chord length, respectively. As for the stabilizer, the symmetric wing profile NACA 0012 was chosen. A so called constraint analysis was performed in order to determine the engine choice and thewing loading. The chosen engine was a 3.1 horsepower piston engine provided by Ricardo. The dimensions of the fuselage were designed only to fit the payload and no detailed analysis was done. It became 2.3 m long and with a maximal diameter of 0.3 m.
I det här kandidatexamensarbetet i flygteknik gjordes en preliminär design av en drönare. Drönaren skulle användas som komplettering till sjöfartsverkets helikoptrar, som inte kan användas vid mycket begränsad sikt. Dess huvudsakliga uppdrag skulle bestå av övervakning. Drönarens utformades därför efter en rad kriterier som baserades på uppdragsgivarens krav. Den huvudsakliga litteraturen som användes var John D. Andersons Aircraft performanceand design. I övrigt användes historisk statistisk data från andra flygplan och ett flertal antaganden gjordes. Resultatet blev en relativt liten drönare som döptes till The Condor och fick en vikt på 25.6 kg, med ett vingspann på 2.5 m och som opererar på 3500 m flyghöjd med en marschfart på 81 knop. Drönarens räckvidd är 70 nautiska mil och den kan därutöver operera i upp till sex timmar. Den bör klara av en landningsbana på 300 m. Som vingprofil valdes NACA 1412 med en maximal tjocklek och camber på 12 % respektive 1 % av kordalängden. För stabilisatorn valdes den symmetriska profilen NACA 0012. En så kallad ”constraint analysis” genomfördes för fastställande av motorval och vingbelastning. Motorn som valdes blev en 3.1 hästkrafters pistongmotor från Ricardo. Flygplanskroppens dimensioner utformades endast för att få plats med nyttolasten och ingen noggrannare analys genomfördes. Den blev 2.3 m lång med en maximal diameter på0.3 m.

Critics often point out the incongruity between Flannery O?Connor?s grotesque humor and her self-proclaimed Christian purpose. This paper uses Mikhail Bakhtin?s conception of the carnivalesque to argue that O?Connor?s use of grotesque humor is essential to her purpose. Both O?Connor and Bakhtin distrust all-encompassing ideologies that claim to authoritatively categorize and explain existence. In the carnivalesque laughter created by the grotesque realism of Rabelais, Bakhtin finds a way to undermine worldviews that claim ultimate authority. Similarly, O?Connor uses concrete and grotesque, but humorous images to displace her readers? expectations and undermine their natural desire to explain existence at the expense of mystery. By opening her readers up to mystery, O?Connor prepares them to see the world, and the people in it, as they truly are: complex, flawed, and beautiful.

Il presente studio è stato svolto per valutare la variabilità spaziale e temporale delle specie epibentoniche appartenenti all’habitat costiero roccioso della zona di Portonovo, nell’Adriatico centrale. Tale studio è stato svolto in un arco temporale di 3 anni, dal 2011 al 2013. L’area del presente studio si trova all’interno dal Parco regionale del Conero, il primo parco regionale marchigiano per data d’istituzione. Per ogni sito di campionamento e per ogni data sono stati analizzati i popolamenti epibentonici attraverso campioni fotografici che permettono la stima della percentuale di ricoprimento delle specie presenti. Il presente studio mette in evidenza i pattern di differenziamento spaziale e temporale dei popolamenti presenti sui substrati rocciosi naturali di questo tratto di costa calcarea. I popolamenti naturali sono stati confrontati con i popolamenti che possono insediarsi su nuovi substrati. A questo scopo sono stati utilizzati dei pannelli sperimentali in travertino. I risultati ottenuti costituiscono le basi per la pianificazione di strategie per la conservazione di questo habitat costiero, anche tenendo conto della capacità di reclutamento delle diverse specie, in particolare del mitili di particolare interesse commerciale per l’area di studio.

O presente trabalho descreve a proposta do sistema Condor: um ambiente integrado para desenvolvimento de sistemas especialistas. A arquitetura sugerida incorpora um novo esquema de representação do conhecimento especialmente voltado para domínios bem-estruturados e uma linguagem que facilita a representação do conhecimento de controle desses domínios. O novo esquema, baseado em ênuplas, é usado para transformar a representação analógica de um grafo da decisão numa representação processável.A arquitetura proposta é dotada também de um mecanismo que a habilita de trabalhar com problemas mal-estruturados, para o qual é difícil prover especificações funcionais detalhadas. Adicionalmente, propõe se nessa arquitetura uma eficiente estratégia de casamento de padrões que permite inclusive o uso de variáveis globais no processo.

The purpose of this study was to assess male college students’ use of condoms, reasons for using condoms, their attitudes toward sexuality, and their attitudes toward condoms. The sample consisted of 305 male students who completed a questionnaire consisting of informational items (assessing class standing, marital status, reasons for using condoms, number of recent sexual partners, and intention to use condoms), the Sexual Opinion Survey, and the Attitude Toward Condoms Scale. The scores on the Attitude Toward Condoms Scale ranged from extremely negative to extremely positive, but the mean was close to the middle of the scale. The item correlation between the Attitude Toward Condoms Scale and the Sexual Opinion Survey was calculated to be .07 or no correlation, this implies there is no relationship between attitude toward sexuality and attitude toward condoms. A mild negative correlation (-.42) was noted between the Attitude Toward Condoms Scale and the item that stated "If you have intercourse in the next month, do you intend to use condoms?" The implications of these findings for increasing condom usage and recommendations for future research were discussed.
Master of Science

The aim of this thesis is to present the theoretical attributes of marketing communications, as part of the marketing mix and in particular in relation to specific areas of the pharmaceutical industry. The practical part is focused on pharmaceutical product marketing communication towards the ultimate consumer. For this goal I chose Green pharmaceutical company - Swan Pharmaceuticals CR, as a nutritional supplement for her joints Condro Forte GS.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Das diferentes atividades ligadas ao negócio agrícola em nível mundial, o agronegócio do café está entre as de maior importância econômica e social. O Brasil é o maior produtor desse grão, com mais de 30% da produção mundial, sendo o Estado do Espírito Santo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro, com aproximadamente 20% da safra nacional. No citado estado, Coffea canephora, variedade Conilon, é a espécie mais plantada, representando mais de 60% do café do estado e 70% do café Robusta brasileiro. Em razão da importância do café Conilon do Espírito Santo, vem o Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Incaper) desenvolvendo um programa de pesquisa em melhoramento genético, desde 1985. Como resultados aplicados desse programa, foram desenvolvidas, lançadas, recomendadas e disponibilizadas aos produtores capixabas cinco variedades clonais e uma propagada por semente. O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi gerar informações biométricas que poderão ser úteis na geração de novos conhecimentos e, ou, tecnologias, no planejamento, redirecionamento e execução de futuros trabalhos de melhoramento genético com o Conilon no Espírito Santo. Quarenta genótipos foram avaliados por sete colheitas em dois locais nas Fazendas Experimentais do Incaper, nos municípios de Sooretama e Marilândia, ES, no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com relação a 18 características. Esta tese é composta por quatro capítulos, que, além das avaliações dos comportamentos dos genótipos, foram realizadas diferentes análises biométricas, como a obtenção de estimativas de parâmetros genéticos, estudos de repetibilidade de comportamento para produção, análise de divergência genética, estimativas de interação genótipo x ambiente e de adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção. Na maioria dos caracteres estudados nas diferentes colheitas e locais, verificaram-se diferenças significativas (P<0,05 ou 0,01) para genótipos que, associados às magnitudes da variância genética e coeficientes de variação genotípicos e também ao coeficiente de determinação genotípico e à relação CV g /CV e , indicam a existência de variabilidade genética nos materiais genéticos para as características em Sooretama e Marilândia e condições favoráveis para obtenção de ganhos genéticos pela seleção nos dois locais. As altas produtividades médias obtidas nos dois locais (acima de 60 sc.benef./ha), com genótipos produzindo mais de 120 sc/ha, evidenciam o elevado potencial produtivo da maioria dos genótipos. Nos estudos de correlações, em 95,45% dos casos a correlação genotípica foi superior à fenotípica, mostrando maior influência dos fatores genéticos em relação aos ambientais e condições propícias ao melhoramento dos diferentes caracteres. O estudo de repetibilidade indicou que o método de componentes principais com uso de matriz de covariância foi o mais adequado, com coeficientes de repetibilidade de 0,501 e 0,432 e R 2 de 87,56 e 84,19%, em Sooretama e Marilândia, respectivamente, e que são necessárias de cinco a sete colheitas para se obter acurácia de 85% do valor real do genótipo. No estudo de divergência genética, observou-se pela distância generalizada de Mahalanobis dissimilaridade entre os genótipos variando de 1,28 a 211,70. O agrupamento de genótipos, pela técnica de Tocher, indicou que em Sooretama os genótipos foram distribuídos em 10 grupos e, em Marilândia, em cinco grupos. Na análise de dispersão gráfica pela técnica de variáveis canônicas, os genótipos mais divergentes em Sooretama foram ES 318, ES 311, ES 308 e ES 01- T 2 e, em Marilândia, ES 315, ES 318, ES 338, ES 317, ES 309, ES 337 e ES 321. Seguindo as metodologias de Eberhart e Russell (1966), Cruz et al. (1989), Lin e Binns (1988) e Carneiro (1998), nos estudos de adaptabilidade e estabilidade nenhum clone foi considerado ideal, mas ES 309, ES 311, ES 319, ES 332 e ES 336 apresentaram adaptação geral; ES 308, ES 313, ES 320, ES 327, ES 328, ES 329, ES 335 e ES 337 o fizereram em ambientes favoráveis e os clones ES 309, ES 328 e ES 329, em ambientes desfavoráveis, apesar de apresentarem baixa previsibilidade, mesmo exibindo R 2i >70% pelas duas primeiras metodologias. Os resultados são importantes para programas de melhoramento, em especial para o conduzido no Estado do Espírito Santo, uma vez que foram obtidos conhecimentos que avaliam a variabilidade genética da espécie; caracterizam os ambientes onde é desenvolvida a maioria dos estudos de melhoramento; proporcionam informações úteis na predição de ganhos genéticos e na seleção direta e indireta de caracteres; auxiliam a definição dos materiais genéticos que poderão compor novas variedades clonais melhoradas, de progenitores divergentes, que poderão ser utilizados em cruzamentos visando à obtenção de híbridos e auxiliar a recomendação de clones para os diferentes ambientes; e, sobretudo, definem mais eficientemente o tempo necessário de melhoramento e outras estratégias, objetivando a obtenção de maiores ganhos genéticos, com menores custos e tempo.
Among the different activities linked to agribusiness in the world, coffee is one of the greatest in economical and social importance. Brazil is the largest coffee producer, accounting for more than 30% of the world ́s production, and in Brazil the State of Espírito Santo is the second largest Brazilian producer, with approximately 20% of the national crop. In this state, Coffea canephora, variety Conilon represents more than 60% of coffee in the state and 70% of Brazilian Robusta coffee. Because of the importance of Conilon in Espírito Santo, the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (Incaper) is developing a research program in genetic improvement since 1985. This program has developed, launched, recommended and made available to capixaba producers five clonal varieties and one seedling variety. The objective of this work was to generate biometrical information that could be useful to generate new knowledge and/or technologies for planning, redirecting and implementing future genetic improvement of Conilon in Espírito Santo. Forty genotypes were appraised in seven successive harvests in two sites at Incaper Experimental Farms, municipal district of Sooretama and Marilândia, ES. The experimental design was distributed in randomized blocks, with 18 characteristics. This thesis consists of four chapters, which besides genotype evaluations, a number of biometrical analyses were carried out, such as estimation of genetic parameters, studies of production behavior repeatability, genetic divergence analysis, estimation of genotype x environment interaction and production adaptability and stability. For most traits studied at the different harvests and sites, significant differences were found (P <0,05 or 0,01) for genotypes, which associated to genetic variance magnitudes and genotypic coefficients of variation, and also to the genotypic determination coefficient and the ratio CVg/CVe, indicate the existence of genetic variability for those traits in Sooretama and Marilândia and favorable conditions for obtaining genetic gains through selection in both sites. The high mean productivity obtained at the two sites (above 60 sacks/ha), with genotypes producing more than 120 sacks /ha confirm the high potential for production of most genotypes. In 95,45% of the cases the genotypic correlation was higher than the phenotypic, showing the influence of genetic factors greater than the environmental and favorable conditions to improve the different traits. The repeatability study indicated that principal components using the co-variance matrix was the best fit, with repeatability coefficients of 0,501 and 0,432 and R 2 of 87,56 and 84,19%, in Sooretama and Marilândia, respectively. Moreover, it is necessary five to seven harvests to get 85% precision of the genotype real value. In the study of genetic divergence, Mahalanobis ́D 2 -istatistic revealed dissimilarity between the genotypes varying from 1,28 to 211,70. Using Tocher ́s method, the genotypes were grouped into10 clusters in Sooretama, and into five clusters in Marilândia. Canonical analysis indicated ES 318, ES 311, ES 308 and ES 01- T 2 as more divergent genotypes in Sooretama, and ES 315, ES 318, ES 338, ES 317, ES 309, ES 337 and ES 321 in Marilândia. According to methodologies of Eberhart and Russell (1966), Cruz et al. (1989), Lin and Binns (1988) and Carneiro (1998) for studies of adaptability and stability, no clone was considered ideal. However, clones ES 309, ES 311, ES 319, ES 332 and ES 336 showed general adaptation; ES 308, ES 313, ES 320, ES 327, ES 328, ES 329, ES 335 and ES 337 in favorable environments and clones ES 309, ES 328 and ES 329, in unfavorable environments, in spite of presenting low previsibility, even with R 2i >70% by the first two methodologies. These results are important for breeding xivprograms, especially in Espírito Santo, since it was obtained knowledge that evaluate the genetic variability of the species; characterize the environments where most breeding programs are developed; provide useful information in the prediction of genetic gains and in the direct and indirect selection of traits; are useful in the definition of genetic materials that could compose new improved clonal varieties, divergent parents for crosses to obtain hybrids, and clone recommendation for different environments; above all, define more efficiently the necessary time for the breeding program and other strategies, aiming at increasing genetic gains, cutting costs and saving time.

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O Espírito Santo apresenta condições climáticas favoráveis para o cultivo da espécie Coffea canéfora Pierre ex Froehner, porém, o risco climático, acarretado pelo déficit hídrico é considerado um dos principais fatores que limitam a exploração desta cultura. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho, estudar o efeito do déficit hídrico no solo no crescimento inicial de Coffea Canephora Pierre ex Froehner, variedade Robusta Tropical. Para este estudo, foram montados dois experimentos em vasos de 12 litros, em casa de vegetação, na área experimental do Centro de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, localizada no município de Alegre-ES. Utilizando o conceito de fração de água transpirável no solo (FATS), o primeiro experimento foi constituído de dois tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos com déficit (Td) e sem déficit (T0), sendo o déficit hídrico aplicado aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após plantio. O T0 foi irrigado diariamente, mantendo a umidade do solo próxima à umidade na capacidade de campo. No Td o déficit foi aplicado até as plantas atingirem 10% da transpiração relativa do tratamento T0. Utilizando o conceito de fração de água disponível no solo (FAD), o segundo experimento foi montado em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas 4 x 5, sendo nas parcelas quatro níveis de água disponível no solo (100, 50, 30 e 10%), e nas subparcelas cinco épocas de avaliações (1º, aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias após início dos tratamentos), em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos iniciados aos 30 dias após plantio. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: matéria da parte aérea fresca e seca, matéria do sistema radicular fresco e seco, altura das plantas, diâmetro do caule, área foliar, número de folhas, transpiração relativa e coeficiente de transpiração. Também foi avaliada a recuperação das plantas após déficit hídrico. Os resultados obtidos no primeiro experimento demonstraram que as reduções das variáveis ocorreram em valores mais baixos de FATS com os tratamentos aplicados aos 60 e 90 dias após plantio, em relação ao de 30 dias. As plantas apresentaram tendência de recuperarem-se após déficit hídrico, apresentando melhores resultados nos tratamentos aplicados aos 60 e 90 dias após plantio, em relação ao de 30 dias. Para o segundo experimento, os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os níveis de 100 e 50% da água disponível apresentaram resultados semelhantes para o desenvolvimento do cafeeiro, apresentando maiores reduções quando se utilizou 30 e 10% da água disponível. Para a maioria das variáveis avaliadas, o déficit hídrico por 30 dias não afetou a recuperação das plantas após déficit, não diferindo estatisticamente de 100% da água disponível. No entanto, com o prolongamento do déficit hídrico as plantas do cafeeiro tiveram a recuperação comprometida
The Espírito Santo has favorable climatic conditions for the cultivation of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner, however, climate risk entailed by water deficit is considered one of the main factors limiting the exploitation of this culture. Thus, the aim of this work to study the effect of soil water deficit on the growth of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner, Tropical Robusta variety. For this study, two experiments were mounted in 12-liter pots in the greenhouse, in the area of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Espírito Santo, in the municipality of Alegre-ES. Using the concept of fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW), the first experiment consisted of two treatments and four replications, and treatments with deficit (Td) and without deficit (T0), and water deficit applied at 30, 60 and 90 days after planting. The T0 was irrigated daily, keeping the soil moisture close to field capacity moisture. Td in the deficit was applied until the plants reach 10% of the relative transpiration treatment T0. Using the concept of fraction of available soil water (FAW), the second experiment was arranged in a split plot 4 x 5, and the plots four levels of available soil water (100, 50, 30 and 10%), and the subplot five assessment times (1, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after initiation of treatment) in a completely randomized design with four replications, and treatments started 30 days after planting. The parameters evaluated were: matter of shoot fresh and dry matter of the root system cool and dry, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, leaf number, relative transpiration and transpiration coefficient. We also evaluated the recovery of plants after drought. The results obtained in the first experiment demonstrated that the varying reductions occurred at lower values of FTSW with the treatments applied at 60 and 90 days after planting, compared to 30 days. Plants tended to recover after drought, with best results in treatments applied at 60 and 90 days after planting, compared to 30 days. For the second experiment, the results showed that levels of 100 and 50% of the available water showed similar results to the development of coffee, with greater reductions when using 30 and 10% of the available water. For most variables, the water deficit for 30 days did not affect the recovery of plants after deficit, not statistically different from 100% of the available water. However, with prolonged drought coffee plants have impaired recovery

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RESUMO RESPOSTAS DE CAFÉ CONILON À CONCENTRAÇÃO DE FERRO O ferro (Fe) é um elemento essencial para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. Entretanto, está frequentemente presente nas águas subterrâneas utilizadas na irrigação em concentrações que podem causar fitotoxidez ao longo do tempo. No presente estudo, foi investigado o efeito de doses de Fe em diferentes análises, a saber: crescimento radicular, concentração mineral das folhas, extravasamento de eletrólitos, teores de pigmentos fotossintéticos, fotossíntese, anatomia foliar e radicular e sintomas visuais de toxidez de plantas de Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner cv. Conilon. As mudas foram tratadas por 30 dias pela adição de 0 (controle), 10, 40, 120, 200 e 400 mg/L de Fe fornecidos como FeSO4.7H2O mais sal EDTA no solo. A massa seca das raízes mostrou valores menores sob a maior dose de Fe. Plantas sob a dose maior de Fe apresentaram maior acúmulo foliar deste elemento. O maior teor de boro (B) ocorreu nos indivíduos sob a dose de 400 mg/L quando comparado às doses de 40 mg/L e 200 mg/L. Os teores de fósforo (P) não diferiram e foram menores nas doses de 120, 200 e 400 mg/L de Fe quando comparados ao controle. As concentrações foliares de potássio (K) foram maiores em 10, 40, 120, 200 e 400 mg/L de Fe. As maiores concentrações de zinco (Zn) foliar foram encontradas nas plantas submetidas a 120, 200 e 400 mg/L de Fe em relação ao controle e à dose de 10 mg/L de Fe. O extravasamento de eletrólitos foi maior nas plantas sob 400 mg/L de Fe em relação à dose de 40 mg/L, porém não diferiu das demais doses. Não houve diferença significativa quanto aos teores de pigmentos fotossintéticos e os parâmetros de clorofila a. As plantas controle mostraram maior fotossíntese, condutância estomática e transpiração, sendo as menores taxas encontradas no tratamento a 200 mg/L Fe. A concentração de carbono interno foi maior nas plantas sob 400mg/L de Fe. Foi observada necrose nas folhas maduras sob a maior dose de Fe. As espessuras da face adaxial da epiderme, do parênquima esponjoso e total do limbo não diferiram entre os tratamentos. A espessura do parênquima paliçádico foi menor para a dose de 400 mg/L em relação às doses de 120 e de 200 mg/L e a espessura da face abaxial da epiderme foi maior no controle quando comparada com a dose de 40 mg/L. No tratamento com maior teor de Fe verificou-se alteração na morfologia das raízes, como a redução no crescimento e na emissão de raízes laterais. Houve também maior lignificação da epiderme e do córtex; algumas células corticais apresentaram alteração do formato, com retração do protoplasto. De modo geral, os resultados obtidos indicam que a dose de 400 mg/L de Fe é nociva, afetando a estrutura e a funcionalidade da variedade Conilon. Palavras-chave: Anatomia, Coffea canephora, fisiologia, irrigação, toxidez.

Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. Africa Centre for HIV/AIDS Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the methods of condom distribution as a potential barrier to condom uptake among sexually active clients at the out-patient unit of Settlers hospital. This study was quantitative and it utilised a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 60 sexually active clients comprising of 30 women and 30 men all aged 18 years and above with a prior HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge at the out-patient unit of Settlers hospital formed part of the study. Data was analysed using descriptive analysis and chi square. The responses given by the participants provide an understanding of the perceptions about the methods of condom distribution as a potential barrier to condom uptake and use. Evidently the methods of condom distribution have an impact on the likelihood of condom uptake at the out-patient unit of Settlers hospital and a certain method of condom distribution (placement of condoms in private spaces) is also preferred to another ( condom display in the waiting area). Although the study sample (n=60) was too small to make a representative and definite conclusions, the findings seem to suggest the method of condom distribution is important in condom promotion for increased uptake. Despite the high level of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge among the study participants there seems to be real barriers to condom uptake and use. However there is a need for policy-makers and stake-holders to ensure that effective condom distribution methods are encouraged and implemented. Finally it would be useful to invest further in research to not only identify more barriers to condom uptake at the hospital but also establish barriers to condom uptake and use in the society where our people live. This was beyond the scope of this study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie vors die verspreidingsmetodes na wat die beskikbaarheid van kondome vir seksueel-aktiewe pasiënte van die buitepasiënt-afdeling by die Setlaars-hospitaal op Grahamstad moontlik kan kortwiek. Die studie was kwantitatief van aard en is deur middel van 'n self-geadministreerde vraelys uitgevoer. Sestig (60) seksueel-aktiewe pasiënte – 30 vroue en 30 mans – van 18 jaar en ouer, by die buitepasiënt-afdeling van bovermelde hospitaal, wat almal voor hulle deelname aan die studie voorkomingskennis van MIV/Vigs opgedoen het, het deel aan die studie gehad. Data is geanaliseer deur gebruikmaking van beskrywende analise en “chi-square.” Die deelnemers se antwoorde bied begrip oor die persepsies rondom die verspreidingsmetodes as moontlike belemmering vir die beskikbaarheid en gebruik van kondome. Klaarblyklik het die metodes van kondoomverspreiding by die Settlers-hospitaal se buitepasiënt-afdeling 'n impak op die waarskynlike gebruik daarvan. 'n Spesifieke verspreidingsmetode – die plaas van kondome in privaatruimtes – word verkies bo 'n ander waar kondome in die wagarea van die hospital se buitepasiënt-afdeling beskikbaar gestel en as't ware uitgestal word. Hoewel die studiemonster (n=60) te klein was om verteenwoordigende en klinkklare gevolgtrekkings te formuleer, dui afleidings daarop dat die metode van kondoomverspreiding belangrik is vir die bevordering en bekendstelling van kondoomgebruik. Ondanks die hoë vlak voorkomingskennis oor MIV/Vigs onder deelnemers aan die studie, wil dit voorkom of daar besliste hindernisse bestaan wat betref kondoombeskikbaarheid en –gebruik. En daar is beslis 'n heersende behoefte dat beleidmakers en betrokkenes behoort te verseker dat doeltreffende kondoomverspreidingsmetodes bevorder en toegepas word. Ten slotte kan dit nuttig en raadsaam wees om verder in navorsing te belê, nie alleen om nog hindernisse rondom kondoomgebruik by die bovermelde hospital te identifiseer nie, maar ook maatreëls in plek te stel ter bevordering van kondoombeskikbaarheid en –gebruik in die gemeenskappe waar ons mense hulleself bevind. Laasvermelde was nie binne die raamwerk van hierdie studie nie.

Approche a la fois theorique et experimentale de la structure vibrationnelle et geometrique des molecules polyatomiques et de leurs ions. Application de la methode de calcul a l'ionisation de co::(2), n::(2)o, et h::(2)o. Mesure des spectres de photoelectrons de co::(2) et n::(2)o

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a major threat to the public health of the United States. American Indians are disproportionately affected by STIs, including chlamydia and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Roosevelt County, which lies within the Fort Peck Indian Reservation in northeastern Montana, has consistently reported chlamydia rates two to five times higher than national rates. Community leaders from the Fort Peck Indian Reservation partnered with researchers from Montana State University to address the reservation's sexual and reproductive health needs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterosexual relationship factors that were associated with condom use intentions for STD and HIV prevention in a purposive sample of American Indian men, ages 18 to 24, living on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. A community based participatory research (CBPR) approach was used for this study. A non-probability sample of American Indian men (n=122) were recruiting using consecutive and snowball sampling techniques. Study hypotheses were tested using Pearson's chi-squared and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis for bivariate associations and multinomial logistic regression for multivariate associations. Variables examined for their association with condom use intentions included age, educational attainment, relationship type, relationship duration, relationship commitment, condom use communication, condom use decision making, control of condom use, and negative partner reaction to condom use. Results indicated that American Indian men were less likely to use condoms for disease prevention as their age and their relationship commitment increased. Factors resulting in an increased likelihood of future condom use included high participation in the condom use decision making process and female control over condom use. Culturally relevant sexual risk prevention programs that work towards changing the perception of condoms in committed relationships and that engage men in sexual health decision making could help reduce the disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted disease carried by young American Indians living on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation.

Background Aboriginal youth are more likely to contract a variety of STIs versus other Canadian youth, but the determinants of sexual health in this group are seldom researched. This thesis explores condom use and sexual health among Aboriginal youth and generates recommendations for interventions. Methods Two systematic reviews were conducted examining relationships between different factors and condom use, among indigenous peoples and other diverse groups of youth. Next, qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 Aboriginal youth in British Columbia, Canada. Finally, a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from a large, representative survey was performed to model relationships between various exposures and ever having sex, having more than one sexual partner, condom use, STI diagnosis and pregnancy involvement. Results The two systematic reviews revealed serious potential bias in studies assessing condom use among indigenous peoples and other diverse groups. Few factors were tested across populations, and little insight was gained as to which factors may differ in their relative importance. In the qualitative study, youth with less stable family relationships and negative life experiences described more risky sexual behaviour than those who did not. Both genders engaged in coercive sexual negotiation, and sometimes young women insisted on condom non-use. Youth also described concurrent/serially monogamous relationships with rapid rates of partner change. These relationships could be 'serious', and 'serious' relationships could denote an acceptable context for pregnancy. In the cross-sectional study, substance use, unwanted sex, and living on reserve increased risk of multiple outcomes. Feeling more connected to family was strongly protective for both genders, and for girls, helping out in the community was also protective. Conclusions Interventions addressing substance use, sexual communication and family relationships may be efficacious for improving sexual health among Aboriginal youth. Building on youth's own ideas about positive lifestyles could be an effective method of tailoring.