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Jauré, Stéphan. "Conjugate heat transfer coupling relying on large eddy simulation with complex geometries in massively parallel environments." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18534/1/Jaure_Stephan.pdf.
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Progress in scientific computing has led to major advances in simulation and understanding of the different physical phenomena that exist in industrial gas turbines. However' most of these advances have focused on solving one problem at a time. Indeed' the combustion problem is solved independently from the thermal or radiation problems' etc... In reality all these problems interact: one speaks of coupled problems. Thus performing coupled computations can improve the quality of simulations and provide gas turbines engineers with new design tools. Recently' solutions have been developed to handle multiple physics simultaneously using generic solvers. However' due to their genericity these solutions reveal to be ineffective on expensive problems such as Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Another solution is to perform code coupling: specialized codes are connected together' one for each problem and they exchange data periodically. In this thesis a conjugate heat transfer problem is considered. A fluid domain solved by a combustion LES solver is coupled with a solid domain in which the conduction problem is solved. Implementing this coupled problem raises multiple issues which are addressed in this thesis. Firstly' the specific problem of coupling an LES solver to a conduction solver is considered: the impact of the inter-solver exchange frequency on convergence' possible temporal aliasing' and stability of the coupled system is studied. Then interpolation and geometrical issues are addressed: a conservative interpolation method is developed and compared to other methods. These methods are then applied to an industrial configuration' highlighting the problems and solutions specific to complex geometry. Finally' high performance computing (HPC) is considered: an efficient method to perform data exchange and interpolation between parallel codes is developed. This work has been applied to an aeronautical combustion chamber configuration.
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Mirbagheri, Arash. "Linear MMSE receivers for interference suppression & multipath diversity combining in long-code DS-CDMA systems." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, 2003. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/amirbagh2003.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph.D)--University of Waterloo, 2003."A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical and Computer Engineering". Includes bibliographical references. Also available in microfiche format.
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Dieni, Edoardo. "Conception 'juscorporaliste' et divorce dans le droit matrimonial canonique l'idee de conjugalite chez les codificateurs de 1917 et ses ascendences." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA111011.
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Le travail se propose de donner une contribution critique par rapport a l'idee de 'conjugalite' qui est codifiee, aujourd'hui, dans le droit canonique - une idee selon laquelle la formation d'un couple engage a la continence, apres l'echec du premier mariage, ne fait pas injure au principe d'indissolubilite. Dans ce but, on a cherche les racines culturelles de cette idee en privilegiant l'age classique du droit canonique, ou fut fixe un durable schema theorique du mariage, et la periode de la codification de 1917, ou cette schema fut radicalise (en etudiant, en particulier, des sources inedites, dont la consultation est possible chez les archives secrets du vatican depuis quelques annees seulement). L'approche historique suggere que nombreux problemes qui se posent aux canonistes contemporaines, par rapport au mariage, et a sa crise, ne soient abordables convenablement que dans le sisteme des etats de vie chretienne; un systeme qui a ete mis en question, de quelques sorte, par le concile vatican ii. En attendent les developpements de l'ecclesiologie post-conciliaire, on avance des propositions pour une solution provisoire au probleme des divorces remaries dans l'eglise catholiqueThe work wishes to offfer a critical approach to the canonistic idea of marriage, as resulting, at present, by the code of canon law (or by his mainstream interpretation). This idea consideres, in conclusion, spiritual partnership after divorce not infringe the principle of indissolubility. Thus, the study investigates some of the cultural origins of such idea, regarding especially the classic age of canon law - that fixed the long-lived outline of marriage - and the re-formulation of canonical discipline at times of compiling 1917 code of canon law - when the traditional conception was radicalised (the research concentrates on the unpublished documents of vatican secret archives). Subscribing to this historical point of view, it seems that many of contemporary questions on marriage must be considered in the light of the status of christian life; neverthless, the relation clergy-laic in the roman church is turned problematical and precarious after the second vatican council. Waiting for further development in the field of the theology and of the constitutional structure of the church, the study suggests an interim canonistic solution for the case of catholics divorced and remarried
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Gabiam, Edoh. "Les remedes a la mesentente conjugale dans le code togolais de la famille." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT3001.
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Le code togolais des personnes et de la famille entre en vigueur le 31 janvier 1980 contient deux sortes de remedes a la mesentente conjugale. Ces remedes se distinguent par leurs consequences sur le mariage. Ceux qui sont appliques par le juge pour preserver les rapports personnels et pecuniaires des epoux n'entrainent pas la disparition des liens crees par le mariage. Ils sont adresses dans leur majorite a la femme en vue de la proteger contre un mauvais usage des pouvoirs attaches aux qualites de chef de famille et d'administrateur des biens familiaux reconnues au mari. Leur caractere temporaire et leur domaine d'application (sanction de la violation d'un devoir determine et du mauvais usage d'un droit precis nes du mariage) permettent de les designer sous l'appellation de "remedes ponctuels". En revanche, les autres remedes sont prevus pour une duree plus longue et provoquent le relachement ou la dissolution des liens matrimoniaux. Ils sont concus pour les deux epoux et sont designes sous le vocable de "remedes durables". Malgre cette distinction, les deux types de remedes a la mesentente conjugale sont voues a une caducite precoce a cause de l'inadequation des textes qui les regissent et de la persistance des modes coutumiers de reglement des conflits conjugaux. Il importe au juge d'adapter le code aux realites togolaises actuelles et de rendre ses decisions de facon a provoquer une nouvelle intervention du legislateur togolaisTogo's family code came into existence on january 31,1980 and contents two kinds of remedies for conjugal conflicts. These remedies can be distinguished by their consequences on the marriage. The remedies that are used by the judge in order to preserve personnal and financial relations between the husband and the wife do not imply the desapearance of the bonds created by the marriage. For the most part, these remedies are elaborated to protect the wife from a misuse of the powers given to the husband who is the head of the family and the manager of the goods of the family. The temporary characteristic of these remedies and their area of application (sanction against the breach of the law concerning the pratical affairs of the marriage and the misuse of rights related to the marriage) allows them to designate "ponctual remedies". On the other hand, the other remedies are elaborated to operate for a longer periode of time and cause a loosmess and a dissolution of the marriage bonds. They are created for both the husband and the wife and are designated "durable remedies". Despite of that distinction, the two types of remedies for conjugal conflicts must necessarily fail because of the inadaptation of their texts and because of the persistance of traditionnal solutions of conjugal conflicts. The judge must adapt the code to the realities of togo life and to make his decisions to cause a new intervention by togo's legislators
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Gabiam, Pierre E. "Les Remèdes à la mésentente conjugale dans le code togolais de la famille." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376137278.
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Albuquerque, Julio Cesar Holanda de. "Proposta de constelações de sinais para o codigo genetico." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259781.
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Orientador: Reginaldo Palazzo JuniorDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação
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Resumo: A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar uma abordagem aos processos genéticos e moleculares, utilizando a teoria de comunicações e codificação na modelagem do dogma central da biologia molecular. A partir desta modelagem associamos o código genético a um modulador de um sistema de comunicação. Mais especificamente, tal procedimento consiste em construir uma constelação de sinais a partir dos subgrupos de S3 e S4 baseado no código genético. Considerando este método algébrico de construção de sinais, propomos duas possíveis constelações de sinais para o código genético. A representação do código genético em constelações de sinais correlacionadas deu origem à idéia de "constelação de sinais concatenadas", idéia inovadora na teoria de comunicação e codificação. As constelações de sinais concatenadas possui a propriedade de correção de erros, consistindo de novos conceitos úteis para utilização na teoria da comunicação e codificação. Por outro lado, estas representações do código genético não são únicas pois, até o presente momento, desconhecemos uma álgebra que descreva o código genético juntamente com as suas partições geradas pelos aminoácidos.
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to present an approach to the genetic and molecular processes by use of the communication and coding theory in modelling the central dogma of the molecular biology. From this modelling we associate the genetic code to a modulator in the communication system. More specifically, such a procedure consists is in the construction of a signal constellation by use of the S3 and S4 permutation subgroups based on the code genetic. By considering this algebraic method of signal design, we propose two possible signal constellations to the genetic code. The representation of the genetic code as correlated signal constellations provides the idea idea of "concatenated signal constellation", an innovative idea in communication and coding theory. The concatenated signal constellations have the property of error-correction, a new concept being introduced. On the other hand, these representations of the genetic code are not unique for currently, we do not know an algebraic structure capable of describing the genetic code together with the partitioning generated by the amino acids.
Mestrado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Zhang, Zexuan. "Simulation of Combustion and Thermal-flow Inside a Petroleum Coke Rotary Calcining Kiln." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1073.
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Calcined coke is the best material for making carbon anodes for smelting of alumina to aluminum. Calcining is an energy intensive industry and a significant amount of heat is wasted in the calcining process. Efficiently managing this energy resource is tied to the profit margin and survivability of a calcining plant. 3-D computational models are developed using FLUENT to simulate the calcining process inside the long slender kiln. Simplified models are employed to simulate the moving petocke bed with a uniform distribution of moisture evaporation, devolatilization, and coke fines entrainment rate with a conjugate radiation-convection-conduction calculation. The results show the 3-D behavior of the flow, the reaction inside the kiln, heat transfer and the effect of the tertiary air on coke bed heat transfer. The ultimate goals are to reduce energy consumption, recover waste-heat, increase thermal efficiency, and increase the product yield.
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Minson, Mahan Gbeu. "Les ruptures volontaires du lien conjugal en Cote d'Ivoire." Strasbourg 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30021.
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Si les lois euphoriques des années des indépendances africaines sont censées protéger entr' autres les enfants en ce qui concerne les successions ou le droit de garde et les femmes concernant le mariage et le divorce, les coutumes ancestrales dans la quasi-totalité des pays d'Afrique noire restent un obstacle redoutable. C'est précisément l'inertie des pouvoirs publics face à cette résistance qui nous a amené à choisir ce sujet. En effet ces lois dont les objectifs étaient d'accélérer le développement économique et de moderniser les institutions familiale et judiciaire avaient aussi un souci d'égalité quant à l'administration de la justice. C'est ainsi qu'en matière de divorce des causes objectives et précises, valables aussi bien pour l'homme que pour la femme ont été définies en droit ivoirien; que le sort de l'ensemble du patrimoine commun des époux ou des biens propres de chacun d'eux est réglé par les articles 7 et 8 de la loi no 64-376 du 7 octobre 1964 des l'ouverture de la procédure. Mais la réalité sociologique est têtue et en ce qui concerne la Côte d'ivoire ou 80% de la population est rurale et analphabète les coutumes ancestrales demeurent les seules normes juridiques auxquelles les populations recourent spontanément sans même se soucier de l'existence du droit moderne. Les accouchements sont toujours assurés par les matrones qui, en cas de difficulté, exigent que la femme en couche révèle le nom de son complice adultère; les ruptures de mariage continuent de se faire devant les chefs coutumiers avec les conséquences matériellement dramatiques pour la femmeIf the euphoric laws of the years of african independence are supposed to protect among other things, the children as regards death-duties or the laws of custody, and women concerning marriage and divorce, the ancestral customs remain a dreadful impediment in nearly all countries of black africa. The listlessness of the public authorities towards this endurance is exactly the reason that induced us to choose this subjet. Indeed, these laws, aiming at the accelaration of the ecomic development and the modernisation of the family and judical institutions, and as well to deal with an equality problem regarding the administration of justice. Thus, concerning the matter of divorce, objective and precise causes, valid for men as well as for women, have been defined in the ivorian law. The destiny of the common patrimony of the married couple, on the whole, or the properties of each one of them, is regulated by the articles 7 and 8 of the law number 64376 from the 7th of october 1964 since the opening of the procedure. However, the sociological reality remains unchanged concerning the Ivory coast, where 80% of the population is rural and illiterate. The ancestral customs remain the only legal norms that the people spontaneously have recourse to, without even bothering about the existance of modern law childbird is always assured by non-legitimate midwives, who in the case of any difficulty
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Krismanich, Anthony. "Studies Related to Tandem Reactivity of 1-Carbomethoxy-5-dicyanomethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2954.
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A set of studies centered around the reactions of the active methine compound 1-carbomethoxy-5-dicyanomethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene (the "ring-opened adduct"), obtained by base-induced ring-opening of the Diels-Alder adduct of 5,5-dicyanocyclopentadiene and methyl acrylate, has been carried out. A plan was devised for the anionic (at the dicyanomethyl carbon) ring-opened adduct whereby its reaction with electrophiles, for example Michael reactions with double-bond acceptors, would generate reactive intermediates that would undergo cyclization by tandem conjugate addition to the a,ß,?,d-unsaturated ring p-system to generate bicyclic compounds. In practice, reaction with di-tert-butyl methylidenemalonate, methyl vinyl ketone, and cyclopentenone generated intermediates that exhibited greater tandem reactivity than was anticipated: the bicyclic enolates were found to cyclize further by Thorpe-Ziegler-like reaction with the proximal nitrile to generate, after facile acid hydrolysis, substituted known tricyclic skeleta termed homobrendanes, specifically, tricyclo[5. 2. 1. 04,8]decenes. An attempt was made to generalize the reaction to other substrates, among them singly-activated Michael acceptors and 1,2-heteroatom electrophiles, but the generalization of the homobrendane forming reaction did not meet with success. Attempted functional group manipulations to probe the conversion of the homobrendane derived from di-tert-butyl methylidenemalonate to the homobrendane natural product 2-isocyanoallopupukeanane revealed the unreactivity of the skeletal double-bond toward electrophiles and the high reactivity of the ring ketone toward nucleophiles, among them mCPBA which brought about Baeyer-Villiger reaction, and chloride and hydroxide, which brought about addition/elimination reactions to cleave the last-formed homobrendane ring. The ring-opened adduct was also envisaged as a potential substrate in intramolecular Heck reactions. To this end, Heck substrates were generated from the ring-opened adduct anion and iodo- and bromo-benzyl halides. A key observation at this stage pertained to the unexpected acidity of the ring-opened adduct C5 proton, which could be deprotonated by DBU to bring about allylic isomerization, a finding that would provide a key insight to the pattern of reactivity later evidenced with alkyl propiolates. Optimization of the Heck substrate-generating reaction was followed by Heck reactions under Jeffery's conditions, which generated angular tricycles as intended, accompanied by aromatic compounds generated by base-induced HCN elimination/rearrangement and dehydrogenation. The Jeffery's conditions were optimized to limit the production of aromatics.
The possibility of ring-opened adduct-derived vinyl silane intermediates undergoing cationic cyclizations led to a minor study based upon the bromination of allylsilanes and the elimination of TMSBr from 1,2-dibromo-3-trimethylsilyl compounds, accessible compounds unaccounted for in the review literature. It was determined that the combination of HBr and Br2 (perhaps as HBr3) was required to eliminate TMSBr, in contravention of the textbook account of electrophilic substitutions being the inherent reactions of allylsilanes and Br2.
Unexpected tandem reactivity was observed in the reactions of the anionic ring-opened adduct and alkyl propiolates under catalytic DBU conditions. Rather than tandem cyclization or simple adduct formation, the allenolate intermediates were determined to undergo extremely facile formal allenolate Cope rearrangements involving the ?,d-double-bond of the parent ring. Excess base intercepted the allenolate by deprotonating ring C5 and effecting 1,2-vinyl transfer by 3-exo-trig addition-elimination. The chemistry of the highly delocalized side-chain carbanion in the Cope product was studied in detail.
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Silva, Daniela Santos. "Análise das concepções de profissionais sobre a violência em âmbito conjugal contra as mulheres." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Estudos Sociais Aplicados. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Serviço Social e Política Social, 2017. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000212079.
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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo conhecer as concepções dos profissionais sobre a violência conjugal contra as mulheres. Para tanto, buscamos levantar as definições atuais sobre violência contra as mulheres no âmbito conjugal, analisar os eixos racismo, patriarcado e capitalismo que formam, segundo Saffioti (1987), o nó que caracteriza o sistema de dominação-exploração, identificar os elementos que caracterizam o pensamento cotidiano para, por fim, apreciar as concepções dos sujeitos da pesquisa, tendo como lócus a Rede de Enfrentamento à Violência Doméstica e Sexual Contra as Mulheres do Município de Londrina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza qualitativa e de campo. Realizamos revisão bibliográfica, observação em campo e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com profissionais que trabalham na referida Rede. Como resultado, constatamos que as concepções dos sujeitos desta pesquisa encontram sustentação teórica em diferentes perspectivas. Dentre elas destacamos a explicação da violência contra mulheres tendo estas como cúmplices; há outros sujeitos que concebem esse fenômeno partindo do pressuposto que as mulheres são vítimas e há aqueles que se baseiam em abordagem histórico-crítica situando essa questão no sistema de dominação-exploração pautado no patriarcado-racismo-capitalismo. Ressaltamos que muitas das concepções levantadas neste estudo são contraditórias em si, ou seja, um mesmo sujeito pode num fragmento de fala sustentar sua análise em mais de uma das perspectivas citadas. Esta contradição não é exclusiva destes sujeitos, mas é uma categoria imanente à realidade, cujos sujeitos sociais e o pensamento cotidiano são forjados em uma sociabilidade pautada do sistema de dominação-exploração, marcada pela desigualdade de gênero que tem na violência uma das formas de materialização.This dissertation aims to analyze the conceptions of professionals about conjugal violence against women. In order to do so, we seek to raise the current definitions of violence against women in the marital context, to analyze the axes of racism, patriarchy and capitalism that, according to Saffioti (1987), form the knot that characterizes the system of domination and exploitation, The daily thought to, finally, to appreciate the conceptions of the subjects of the research, having as locus the Network of Coping with the Domestic and Sexual Violence Against the Women of the Municipality of Londrina. This is a descriptive, qualitative and field research. We carried out bibliographical review, field observation and semi-structured interviews with professionals working in said Network. As a result, we find that the conceptions of the subjects of this research find theoretical support from different perspectives. Among them we highlight the explanation of violence against women having these as accomplices; There are other subjects who conceive this phenomenon starting from the assumption that women are victims and there are those who are based on a historical-critical approach placing this question in the system of domination-exploitation based on patriarchy-racism-capitalism. We point out that many of the conceptions raised in this study are contradictory in themselves, that is, the same subject can in a fragment of speech support his analysis in more than one of the cited perspectives. This contradiction is not exclusive to these subjects, but it is a category immanent to reality, whose social subjects and everyday thinking are forged in a sociability based on the system of domination-exploitation, marked by the gender inequality that has in violence one of the forms of materialization.
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Evedove, André Ulian Dall. "Mudança na situação conjugal e associação com a incidência e manutenção de comportamentos positivos de saúde : estudo Vigicardio (2011-2015)." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, 2018. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000217653.
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Introdução: Algumas evidências apontam que a situação conjugal está associada a indicadores de saúde, em geral, indicando que pessoas com companheiros/as (casadas ou em união estável) possuem menores taxas de morbimortalidade se comparadas às pessoas sem companheiros/as (solteiras, divorciadas/separadas ou viúvas). Entretanto, existem poucos estudos epidemiológicos e longitudinais que associam a transição conjugal com comportamentos de saúde, principalmente na América Latina. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre mudança na situação conjugal com a incidência e a manutenção de comportamentos positivos de saúde. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo, que faz parte do projeto: Incidência de mortalidade, morbidade, internações e modificações nos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em amostra de residentes com 40 anos ou mais de idade em um município de médio porte do Sul do Brasil: Estudo coorte Vigicardio 2011-2015 realizado com indivíduos de 40 anos (em 2011) ou mais residentes em Cambé/PR. Para este estudo, participaram 883 pessoas nos dois momentos da pesquisa. As variáveis dependentes foram: atividade física no tempo livre, consumo de frutas, consumo de verduras e legumes, tabagismo e consumo abusivo de álcool. Foram ainda realizadas análises com a combinação (análise de simultaneidade) dos comportamentos relacionados à saúde considerados. A variável independente foi a situação conjugal, comparando-se a situação de cada sujeito nos quatro anos do estudo. Assim, os sujeitos foram divididos em quatro grupos. Grupo 1: pessoas que tinham companheiro(a) nos dois momentos (n=583); Grupo 2: pessoas que tinham companheiro(a) em 2011, mas não em 2015 (n=72); Grupo 3: pessoas que não tinham companheiro(a) nos dois momentos (n=204); Grupo 4 (n=24): pessoas que não tinham companheiro(a) em 2011 mas tinham em 2015. Assim, o grupo 1 e 3 manteve a mesma situação conjugal, enquanto os grupos 2 e 4 teve transição na sua situação conjugal. A análise dos dados, foi feita aos pares (grupo 1 x grupo 3; e grupo 2 x grupo 4), de modo a melhor explorar a possível associação da manutenção ou incidência de comportamentos positivos com a mudança na situação conjugal. Além das variáveis dependentes e a independente, foram consideradas as seguintes variáveis de confusão: sexo, faixa etária, classe econômica e escolaridade. Os dados foram analisados no Programa SPSS vs. 19, através da regressão de Poisson bruta e ajustada. Resultados: Os participantes que deixaram de ter companheiro(a) apresentaram menor incidência de abandono ao tabaco (RR:0,29,IC95%:0,12-0,68), de consumo regular de frutas (RR:0,43,IC95%:0,20-0,90) e de manutenção de pelo menos dois comportamentos positivos de saúde (RR:0,80,IC95%:0,70-0,92) do que os sujeitos que tinham companheiro(a) nas duas coletas. Já os participantes que passaram a ter companheiro(a) tiveram maior incidência de pelo menos um comportamento positivo de saúde (RR:1,76,IC95%:1,07-2,88) e maior incidência de consumo regular de frutas (RR:2,42,IC95%:1,40-4,18) comparados com aqueles que não tinham companheiro(a) em 2011 e 2015. Por outro lado, vale mencionar que algumas variáveis dependentes, especificamente: atividade física no tempo livre e consumo de verduras e legumes não se mostraram associadas à mudança na situação conjugal. Conclusão: Tais resultados são importantes para um melhor planejamento do cuidado à saúde.Introduction: Some evidences indicates that the marital situation is associated with health indicators, in general, indicating that people with partners (married or in a consensual union) have lower morbidity and mortality rates compared to people without partners (single, divorced or widowed). However, there are few epidemiological and longitudinal studies that associate marital transition with health behaviors, especially in Latin America. Objective: To verify the association between changes in marital status and the incidence and maintenance of positive health behaviors. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study, which is part of the project: "Incidence of mortality, morbidity, hospitalizations and changes in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in a sample of residents aged 40 years or over in a medium-sized municipality in southern Brazil: Cohort study Vigicardio (2011-2015)" conducted with individuals aged 44 years or more residents in Cambé / PR. For this study, 883 people participated. The dependent variables were: physical activity in free time, fruit consumption, vegetable consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, self-perception of health and obesity. Analyzes were also performed with the combination (analysis of simultaneity) of the health-related behaviors considered. The independent variable was the marital situation, comparing the situation of each subject in the four years of the study. Thus, subjects were divided into four groups. Group 1: people who had a partner at both times (n = 583); Group 2: people who had a partner in 2011, but not in 2015 (n = 72); Group 3: people who had no partner at the two moments (n = 204); Group 4 (n = 24): people who did not have a partner in 2011 but had in 2015. In addition to the dependent variables and the independent variables, the following confounding variables were considered: gender, age group, economic class and schooling. The data were analyzed in the SPSS vs. 19, through the crude and adjusted Poisson logistic regression. Results: Participants who had no partner had a lower incidence of smoking cessation (RR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.12-0.68), of regular consumption of fruits (RR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0,20-0,90) and maintenance of at least two positive health behaviors (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70-0.92) than subjects who had a partner in both collections. On the other hand, the participants who had a partner had greater incidence at least positive health behavior (RR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.07-2.88) and had a higher incidence of regular consumption of fruits (RR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.40-4.18) than those who had no partner in 2011 and 2015. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that some dependent variables, specifically: physical activity in free time and consumption of vegetables and vegetables were not shown to be associated with the change in the marital situation. Conclusion: The transition from the marital situation, both in participants who passed or did not have a partner, influenced the change and maintenance of health indicators. Such results are important for better health care plann.
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Tangbunsuk, Siree. "Solution self-assembly of metallopolymer-peptide conjugates and block copolymers with a crystallisable core-forming polylactide block." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540871.
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Deol, Suprit S. "Stability, cytotoxicity, and cell permeability of dendron-conjugated gold nanoparticles with 3, 12, and 17 nm core." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1590079.
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This thesis describes the synthesis of water-soluble dendron-conjugated gold nanoparticles (Den-AuNPs) with various average core sizes and the evaluation of stability, cytotoxicity, and cell permeability and uptake of these materials. The characterization of Den-AuNPs using various instruments including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), 1H NMR, FT-IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy confirms the dendron conjugation to the glutathione-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The stability of AuNPs and Den-AuNPs in solutions of different pH and salt concentration was determined by monitoring changes in surface plasmon bands of gold using UV-vis spectroscopy. The Den-AuNPs were found to be more stable than the precursor AuNPs maintaining their solubility at the pHs higher than 4 and with the salt concentrations of up to 100 mM. The improved stability of Den-AuNPs suggests that the post-functionalization of thiol-capped gold nanoparticle surfaces with dondrons can further improve the physiological stability and biocompatibility of gold nanoparticle-based materials. Cytotoxicity studies with AuNPs and Den-AuNPs with and without flourophores were also performed by examining cell viability for 3T3 fibroblasts using a MTT cell proliferation assay. The conjugation of dendrons to the AuNPs with flourophores was able to decrease the cytotoxicity brought about by the flourophores. The successful uptake of Den-AuNPs in mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells shows the physiological viability of the hybrid materials.
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Khichane, Samia. "Ethnographie des conflits domestiques en Kabylie : injures, commérages, malédictions." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA134.
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En Kabylie, société de tradition patriarcale à domination masculine, les femmes ont recouru pendant des siècles à une multitude de pratiques détournées, décrites dans la littérature comme des « contre-pouvoirs » (Lacoste-Dujardin, 1985, 2008). À travers nombre de processus, elles semblent avoir de tout temps défié l’autorité dominante par le recours à des pratiques magiques, par une adaptation aux normes et valeurs de la société, mais surtout par la subtilité et la maîtrise de l’art de la parole. L’injure féminine, en tant qu’acte de langage, fait également partie des stratégies qu’utilisent les femmes kabyles afin d’exercer leur pouvoir de manière indirecte sur la société dominante, autrement dit, sur les hommes.La plupart des recherches qui se sont penchées sur la question de l’injure en Kabylie ont été menées par des anthropologues qui l’abordent dans son aspect ritualisé (Aït-Ferroukh, 1999 ; Rabia, 1988) ou par des linguistes dont les réflexions portent essentiellement sur le critère sémantique envisagé en rapport avec la vision du monde et la société (Mebtouche-Nejai 2012). Dans la perspective anthropologique qui m’intéresse, l’injure sera appréhendée comme un ensemble d’actes sociaux porteurs de conséquences (Laforêt et Vincent, 2004), plutôt que comme une catégorie de parole dépréciative, d’où la nécessité de prendre en compte sa valeur pragmatique dans la dimension du tort causé ou subi ou effet injure (Larguèche 1983, 1993, 2004, 2009) qui est nécessaire à sa compréhension.En m’appuyant sur les spécificités typologiques de l’injure féminine, je tenterai de montrer, dans une optique essentiellement pragmatique, comment dans une société à domination masculine où la parole est codifiée, l’injure, en tant que transgression langagière, permet aux femmes d’exercer leur pouvoir de manière indirecte. L’examen de ces procédés permettra de cerner les enjeux du pouvoir féminin et de voir dans quelle mesure l’injure peut être utilisée comme contre-pouvoirIn Kabylia, a society with a male-domination patriarchal tradition, women have employed for many centuries a set of indirect practices, defined in the literature as « counter-powers » (Lacoste-Dujardin, 1985, 2008). Through several processes, they looked as they have always defied the dominant authority by exercising magical practices, adapting to the norms and values of society, but also, by their mastery and subtle use of the art of speech. Female term of abuse, as an act of language, is one of the strategies used by kabyle women to exert their power in an indirect manner on the dominant society, constituted by the men.Most of the research work that focused on the issue of insults in Kabylia has been conducted by anthropologists who analyzed it in its ritualized aspect (Aït-Ferroukh, 1999, Rabia, 1988) or by linguists whose reflections were conducted essentially on the semantic criterion in relation with the worldview and society (Mebtouche-Nejai, 2012). In the anthropological perspective that interests me, the insult will be apprehended as a set of social acts with consequences (Laforêt and Vincent, 2004), rather than as a category of deprecating speech, hence the need to take into account its pragmatic value in the dimension of the harm caused or suffered or the insulting effect (Larguèche, 1983, 1993, 2004, 2009) which is necessary for its comprehension.Based on the typological specifics of female insults, I will try to show, from an essentially pragmatic perspective, in a male-dominating society where the speech is codified, how the insult, as a linguistic transgression, allows women to exert their power indirectly. Examining these processes will help to identify the stakes of feminine power and to see at what extent the insult can be used as a counter-power
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Yuan, Kai, Xiaodong Zhuang, Haiyan Fu, Gunther Brunklaus, Michael Forster, Yiwang Chen, Xinliang Feng, and Ullrich Scherf. "Two-Dimensional Core-Shelled Porous Hybrids as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235469.
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Baqué, Bénédicte. "Couplage aéro-thermo-mécanique pour la prédiction de la déformation d'une plaque soumise à une flamme." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00718738.
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Cette thèse consiste à mettre en place un couplage externe aéro-thermo-mécanique, sur la base d'un schéma partitionné, entre les codes de recherche CEDRE (mécanique des fluides, volumes finis) et Z-set (modules indépendants pour la mécanique des structures et la thermique du solide, éléments finis). Les résultats numériques sont confrontés à ceux de l'expérience (une campagne de mesures a été menée dans le cadre de cette étude), dans le cas d'un problème complexe lié au domaine de l'aérospatial : l'interaction flamme-paroi. Ce phénomène est piloté par la thermique, à travers le flux de chaleur pariétal généré par la flamme. A cause de la disparité des temps caractéristiques thermiques entre les milieux fluide et solide, la partie aéro-thermique du couplage est traitée de façon simplifiée, en considérant le fluide comme une suite d'états stationnaires. L'échauffement de la plaque métallique provoque sa déformation (la loi de comportement mécanique du matériau est de type élasto-visco-plastique). Le déplacement de l'interface fluide-structure est propagé sur le maillage fluide. En se basant sur les similitudes entre jets non réactifs et réactifs (de type flamme) dans le cas de l'impact, des calculs couplés sont menés dans des configurations 2D et 3D de l'impact d'un jet chaud non réactif.
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Glaumaud-Carbonnier, Marion. "Quereller l'azur. Lignes et figures du divorce dans le récit français (1870-1905)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA150.
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Le divorce comme objet d’étude littéraire, la proposition peut surprendre. La répartition distributive des champs et des domaines de pensée exigerait que l’on en fasse, au choix, le sujet d’une réflexion historique, politique, juridique, sociale ou morale. De littérature, il n’est en revanche point question. En 1884, la réhabilitation du divorce dans la législation française est pourtant l’œuvre d’une combinatoire inédite entre politique et littérature. Depuis les tribunes et les colonnes des journaux, dans les essais et dans les livres, la narration des malheurs matrimoniaux d’hommes et de femmes pris dans les tenailles de la loi, se débattant contre une fatalité civile qui contraint leur vie privée et conjugale, crie en faveur du démariage. Alors que les liens entre le récit et la revendication d’une désunion légale sont séculaires, noués notamment dans les œuvres de George Sand, le combat de plumes mené contre l’indissolubilité du mariage va significativement révolutionner la pensée de la littérature à thèse, encourager une réflexion sur la fonction de l’écrivain, sur son rapport au droit, et démontrer le pouvoir de la littérature sur les mœurs et sur la rédaction des lois. Outil d’analyse précieux pour comprendre le fait intellectuel, littéraire et narratif des débuts de la IIIe République, le motif du démariage sert de plus l’étude de la représentation de la conjugalité dans le récit français de la fin du XIXe siècle. Devenu légal, le divorce bouleverse en effet l’imaginaire du récit de mœurs privées et inaugure de nouvelles situations narratives : la rencontre avec l’ancien époux, la jalousie du nouveau mari, la seconde nuit de noces, le passé sexuel de la femme deviennent bientôt les lieux communs et les lois narratives du genre. La promulgation du divorce éprouve néanmoins rudement les coutumes narratives françaises : en offrant une solution au récit d’adultère, le divorce brise un modèle narratif séculaire, et oblige le récit à repenser ses fatalités et ses formesDivorce as an object of literary study, the proposal may surprise. The distinctiveness of fields and areas of research requires that a choice be made to study the question from a historical, political, legal, social or moral point of view. Literature, however, is never even considered. In 1884, the rehabilitation of divorce in French legislation was the result of an unusual combination of politics and literature. From the editorials and columns of the newspapers, in essays and in books, the narration of matrimonial misfortunes of men and women caught strangled by the law, wrestling against a civil inevitability that constrains their private and conjugal life, clamors for un-marriage. While the ties between literature and the claims for legal disunion are secular, linked in the works of George Sand, the battle of pens fighting against the indissolubility of marriage will significantly change the thinking of engaged literature and encourage a reasoning on the role of the writer, his relation to the law, and to demonstrate the power of literature on morals and the drafting of legislation.As a valuable analytical tool to understand the intellectual, literary and narrative aspects of the beginnings of the Third Republic, the un-marriage topic can be used to study the representation of conjugality in the French narrative of the end of the 19th century. Henceforth legal, divorce in fact transforms the imagination of literature on private morals and inaugurates new narrative situations: the encounter with the former husband, the jealousy of the new husband, the second wedding night, and the sexual past of the woman, all soon become common practice in the literary genre. The promulgation of divorce nevertheless rudely tests French narrative customs: by offering a solution to stories of adultery, divorce breaks a secular narrative model, and obliges literature to rethink its fatalities and its forms
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Bouchareb, Hafida A. L. "La confrontation de la dissolution du lien conjugal et ses effets entre les états maghrébins et les états européens francophones, France et Belgique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210425.
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L’objet de cette thèse est d’étudier « La confrontation de la dissolution du lien conjugal et ses effets entre les États maghrébins et les États européens francophones (France et Belgique) ». Les difficultés de coordination des systèmes islamiques et européens de droit international privé proviennent de l’écart entre leurs législations relatives au statut personnel et au droit de la famille. En droit musulman, les matières du statut personnel sont solidaires des donnés religieuses. Les ressortissants maghrébins établis dans des pays européens se retrouvent souvent confrontés au croisement du système juridique maghrébin et celui de leur pays d’accueil.S’il est un domaine où se heurtent des visions difficilement conciliables entre l’Europe et certains pays musulmans, c’est bien celui du mariage mixte et particulièrement celui de la répudiation. Il faut souligner que le problème perdure depuis plus de vingt ans.
Toutefois un grand nombre de ressortissants Marocains réside en Belgique ce qui conduit inévitablement à ce que des problèmes liés à la dissolution de leur mariage se posent. A ces difficultés viennent s’ajouter les problèmes de conflits de lois. Cette étude a donc tenté de dégager les caractéristiques des différents systèmes étudiés et de montrer les divergences qu’ils comportent en terme de méthodes utilisées dans le règlement des conséquences du divorce ou de répudiation.
La présence d’une communauté immigrée de statut personnel musulman et la rencontre de l’ordre juridique européen avec ce phénomène, posent l’épineux problème de l’harmonisation de deux systèmes juridiques fondamentalement différents et a ainsi pu être qualifié de « conflit de civilisations ». Ce qui permet une vue globale du sujet.
Summary: The purpose of this thesis is to study the dissolution of a marriage tie between North African states and European French speaking states, and what this dissolution means in term of confrontation on both sides concerning the juridic systems european and islamic. The difficulties of coordination between the islamic way of life and the international law are the result of divergence relating with personal status and family right. In the islamic law, personal status and religious faith are closely interlinked. Moroccan nationals who step up house in an european country are confronted with the law of the Maghreb and the law of the country witch welcomes them.
Mixed marriages and in particularly in a case of repudiations are a sphere where european nations and some muslim nations don’t see things in the same way. One has to emphasize that these problems have been enduring for over tweenty years. A great numbers of Morocans lives in Belgium which leads to difficulties if their marriages have to be dissolved. Over these difficulties problems of laws conflicts are added. This study have tried to show the characteristics of these systems and the different way to solve the consequences of the divorce or of the repudiation. The presence of an immigrated community of personal muslim status and the encounter of the juridic european system with this phenomenon set the acute issue of the harmonization of two juridics systems deeply different. This can be described as a “conflict of civilisations”. This allows a broad view of the subject
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Björklund, Frida. "Subcellular mapping of cell types in healthy human pancreatic islets." Thesis, KTH, Proteinvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302215.
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Pancreatic islets are composed of endocrine cells that secrete hormones essential for blood-glucose homeostasis. Prior research has revealed that the gene expression and functionality of human islet cells is heterogenous. However, it is not currently understood how the heterogeneity correlates to normal islet cell function and dysfunction in diabetes pathogenesis. Subsequently, an international collaborative project has been initiated to elucidate what constitutes islet cell heterogeneity from a transcriptional, proteomic, and functional perspective in both health and disease. In this study, a highly multiplex tissue image assay was developed to allow for the study of the localization and distribution of proteins previously identified to correlate with functional activity and heterogeneity in islet cells using the CO-Detection by indEXing (CODEX) platform. In total, 22 proteins were studied simultaneously of which 10 were specifically expressed in islet cells. These included generic pancreatic markers such as C-peptide (C-pep) marking insulin-secreting β-cells, glucagon (GCG) and somatostatin (SST), but also less well-characterized proteins such as Shisa like 2B (FAM159B) and Neural proliferation, differentiation and control 1 (NPDC1). The multiplex tissue imaging allowed for single-cell analysis of protein expression in human islet cells showing that most islet specific proteins were heterogeneously expressed. The observations made in this study serves as a validation to that the human islet microenvironment is highly complex due to islet cell heterogeneity. Additionally, the study demonstrated that multiplex tissue imaging has the potential to reveal novel cell types and interactions.Langerhanska öar består av endokrina celler som utsöndrar hormoner nödvändiga för reglering av blodsockernivåerna. Tidigare forskning har visat att genuttrycket och funktionaliteten är heterogen i de celler som utgör mänskliga Langerhanska öar. Dock är förståelsen för hur heterogeniteten korrelerar till normal cellfunktion och dysfunktion i diabetespatogenes fortfarande ofullständig. Följaktligen har ett internationellt samarbete inletts i syfte att undersöka vad som utgör heterogenitet i Langerhanska öar ur ett transkriptionellt, proteomiskt och funktionellt perspektiv i såväl friska som sjuka individer. I denna studie utvecklades en metod för multiplex mikroskopisk avbildning av vävnad för att möjliggöra undersökningen av hur proteiner som tidigare korrelerats med endokrin cellspecifik aktivitet och heterogenitet i Langerhanska öar var lokaliserade med hjälp av plattformen för Co-Detection by indEXing (CODEX). Totalt undersöktes 22 proteiner samtidigt varav 10 var specifikt uttryckta i celler som utgör Langerhanska öar. Bland dessa proteiner fanns generella markörer för vanligt förekommande celltyper i Langerhanska öar såsom C-peptid (C-pep) som markör för insulinsekreterande β-celler, glukagon (GCG) och somatostatin (SST) såväl som proteiner med färre kända funktioner såsom Shisa like B (FAM159B) och Neural proliferation, differentiation and control 1 (NPDC1). Med hjälp av multiplex mikroskopisk avbildning av vävnad kunde uttrycket av proteiner specifikt uttryckta i celler som utgör Langerhanska öar analyseras för enskilda celler i vävnaden. Denna analys visade att de flesta proteiner specifikt uttryckta i celler som Langerhanska öar består av var heterogent uttrycka. Resultaten från denna studie validerar att mikromiljön i Langerhanska öar är mycket komplex på grund av cellernas heterogenitet. Vidare visade denna studie att multiplex mikroskopisk avbildning av vävnad har potentialen att identifiera nya celltyper och interaktioner.
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Lorenz, Nicole. "Application of the Duality Theory." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-94108.
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The aim of this thesis is to present new results concerning duality in scalar optimization. We show how the theory can be applied to optimization problems arising in the theory of risk measures, portfolio optimization and machine learning.
First we give some notations and preliminaries we need within the thesis. After that we recall how the well-known Lagrange dual problem can be derived by using the general perturbation theory and give some generalized interior point regularity conditions used in the literature. Using these facts we consider some special scalar optimization problems having a composed objective function and geometric (and cone) constraints. We derive their duals, give strong duality results and optimality condition using some regularity conditions. Thus we complete and/or extend some results in the literature especially by using the mentioned regularity conditions, which are weaker than the classical ones. We further consider a scalar optimization problem having single chance constraints and a convex objective function. We also derive its dual, give a strong duality result and further consider a special case of this problem. Thus we show how the conjugate duality theory can be used for stochastic programming problems and extend some results given in the literature.
In the third chapter of this thesis we consider convex risk and deviation measures. We present some more general measures than the ones given in the literature and derive formulas for their conjugate functions. Using these we calculate some dual representation formulas for the risk and deviation measures and correct some formulas in the literature. Finally we proof some subdifferential formulas for measures and risk functions by using the facts above.
The generalized deviation measures we introduced in the previous chapter can be used to formulate some portfolio optimization problems we consider in the fourth chapter. Their duals, strong duality results and optimality conditions are derived by using the general theory and the conjugate functions, respectively, given in the second and third chapter. Analogous calculations are done for a portfolio optimization problem having single chance constraints using the general theory given in the second chapter. Thus we give an application of the duality theory in the well-developed field of portfolio optimization.
We close this thesis by considering a general Support Vector Machines problem and derive its dual using the conjugate duality theory. We give a strong duality result and necessary as well as sufficient optimality conditions. By considering different cost functions we get problems for Support Vector Regression and Support Vector Classification. We extend the results given in the literature by dropping the assumption of invertibility of the kernel matrix. We use a cost function that generalizes the well-known Vapnik's ε-insensitive loss and consider the optimization problems that arise by using this. We show how the general theory can be applied for a real data set, especially we predict the concrete compressive strength by using a special Support Vector Regression problem.
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PUCCI, EGIDIO. "Innovative design process for industrial gas turbine combustors." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1126566.
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This thesis is tracking the design process footprints, from the wide initial scenario of a new combustor design for industrial gas turbines, down to detailed design aspects, passing through sealing system design with turbine nozzle, up to a specific liner cooling architecture and its optimization.
Main effort of this job has been focused on the creation of a numerical tool, able, since the early phase of development, to analyze the liner cooling with a one-dimensional conjugate aero-thermal-strain approach: liner cold side heat transfer coefficients in a turbulated forced convection region are iteratively computed updating metal and air temperatures and the deformed geometry of coolant passages from results of a heat balance. Coolant passages, in between the deformed surfaces of liner and baffle, influence the air velocity, changing in turn heat transfer coefficients and coolant pressure losses. The computation of liner and baffle strain has been validated comparing the code results with the ones obtained by a detailed finite element model.
Correlations embedded in the code have been calibrated thanks to a comparison with temperatures and pressures experimental measurements, which have been acquired in a full annular rig test campaign.
The code has been provided with two additional optimization routines, developed to automatically improve the baffle design for an enhancement of the liners durability, without penalizing engine performance. Maintaining the same coolant pressure losses and minimizing the axial gradients of metal temperature by means of a variable gap baffle geometry, a reduction of thermal induced stresses can be achieved.
The reader will follow problems and solutions, sizing criteria and uncertainties estimation of the combustor architecture adopted in the BHGE NovaLT industrial gas turbine class, up to reach the testing phase of the manufactured components and finally the baffle design solution optimization.
Reliability of the liner cooling system depends also by the reliability of the leakage prediction across the interface between liners and turbine first stage nozzles. In parallel to the baffle design optimization, studies have been performed on this sealing systems, aimed to increase the reliability of the combustor flow split prediction and to identify areas of improvement of the sealing. The criteria for selection and design of the most suitable sealing system and related durability analyses will be presented, completing the picture of the combustor flow split and synergistically improving the reliability of the liners cooling design presented.
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Liu, Wenlan [Verfasser]. "Exciton coupling in valence and core excited aggregates of π-conjugated [pi-conjugated] molecules / vorgelegt von Wenlan Liu." 2011. http://d-nb.info/1011413124/34.
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Tsai, Cheng-Yan, and 蔡政諺. "Simulation Analysis of Sheath/Core Conjugated Fibers and Non-isothermal Hollow Fibers." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x9448w.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
化學工程研究所
98
Our study analyzes the fluid stimulation (FS) of sheath/core conjugated fibers and non-isothermal hollow fibers by utilizing the finite element method as well as, optimesh-3D re-meshing and EVSS/SU numerical techniques. Co-Pet, Co-Nylon, Pet, Nylon6 and polypropylene were separately used in the stimulation. According to the rheological data obtained by both plate and capillary rheometers, each material parameter would be presented via polymat fitting. In the FS analysis for the conjugated fiber spinning, the eccentric percentage (EP) of the conductive fiber was hard to control and further led to the low level of manufacture in yarn. Therefore, the objective of this research is to discuss the effects of the material parameters and spinning conditions on the EP of fibers. Based on the FS consequence, the increase of material viscosity ratio and die roughness, lead to elevate EP in the end of fiber. However, higher flow rate ratio has opposite effects of EP. 4C type spinneret used in hollow fiber, this method so far is an important process in hollow fiber formation. Material properties regulated by non-isothermal boundary condition influence the follow-up efficiency in application; these may due to both hollow fiber intensity and hollow percentage are uncontrolled. Furthermore, rheological properties, spinneret temperature, 4C gap, and the effects of spinning flow rate on fissure length, fissure temperature, and hollow percentage, are studied systematically. Taken together, high spinning flow rate causes the trend toward shortening fissure length and vice versa during increasing the spinneret temperature. Additionally, raising spinning flow rate helps to increase the fissure temperature leading to better viscosity. The fissure temperature of lower material viscosity is decreased; nevertheless, lower spinning flow rate needs to extend fissure length. In terms of hollow rate changes, this decrease immediately out of yarn terminal and elevates gradually after that.
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Liu, Wenlan. "Exciton Coupling in Valence and Core Excited Aggregates of pi-Conjugated Molecules." Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-56169.
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Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden theoretische Modelle zur Beschreibung von Valenz- und Rumpf-angeregten elektronischen Zuständen diskutiert. Im Fall der Valenz-Anregungen wurden time-dependend Hartree-Fock (TD-HF) und timedependent Dichtefunktionaltheorie (TD-DFT)Methoden mit verschiedenen Funktionalen für ein Perylenbisimid (PBI) System validiert. Eine einfache Analyse der Charaktäre der angeregten Zustände wurde vorgeschlagen, die auf den berechneten Übergangsdipolmomenten basiert. Dieser Ansatz ist allerdings auf Zustände beschränkt, die ein signifikantes Übergangsdipolmoment aufweisen. Deshalb wurde eine allgemeinere und fundiertere Methode entwickelt, die auf einer Analyse der berechneten CISWellenfunktion basiert. Darüberhinaus wurde ein literaturbekannter Model-Hamiltonoperator Ansatz von einem lokalisierten Molekülorbitalbild (MO) abgeleitet, das aus der generelleren Analyse-Methode resultiert. Auf diesem Weg ist ein Zugang zu diabatischen angeregten Zuständen und korrespondierenden Kopplungsparametern auf der Basis von ab initio Rechnungen gegeben. Für rumpfangeregte elektronische Zustände wurden drei Methoden für C 1s-angeregte und ionisierte Zustände verschiedener kleiner Moleküle validiert. Darüberhinaus wurde die Basissatzabhängigkeit dieser Zustände untersucht. Anhand der Resultate wurde die frozen core Näherung ausgewählt um rumpfangeregte Zustände von Naphthalintetracarbonsäuredianhydrid (NTCDA) zu berechnen. Um experimentelle Ergebnisse zu erklären, wurde ein Algorithmus entwicklet, der die Exzitonenkopplungsparameter im Fall von nicht-orthogonalen MOs berechnetThis work focuses on theoretical approaches for predicting the valence and core excited states of aggregate systems. For the valence excitations, TD-HF and TD-DFT with different functionals have been tested at the Perylene bisimide (PBI) system. A simple character analysis method based on the calculated transition dipole moments is proposed. However, this method does not work for excited states without any transition dipole moment. Thus, we proposed a more general and more valid method based on a calculated CIS type wavefunction for the character analysis. Furthermore, a model Hamiltonian method is derived from a localized picture. The energies of the diabatic states and the corresponding coupling parameters were also determined on the basis of ab initio calculations. For the core excitation, three different methods were validated for C 1s-excited and ionized states if several small molecules. Also we tested the basis sets dependence of these core excited states. Based on those results, we chose the frozen core approximation method to evaluate the core excited states of NTCDA molecules. In order to explain the findings in the experiments, we developed an algorithm to evaluate the exciton coupling parameter where non-orthogonal MOs are used
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Chen, Jia-Hong, and 陳嘉弘. "Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Novel π-Conjugated Materials with Coplanar Core." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02471666515653180131.
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博士臺灣大學
化學研究所
98
α-Oligothiophenes are one of the most prominent organic semiconducting materials and have been widely studied in electronic devices. However, deviation from planarity may decrease conjugation in oligothiophenes through torsion about single bonds or S-syn defects. Furthermore, theoretical studies predict that the molecular packing is not optimized for maximum charge carrier mobility. Herein, we report unprecedented synthetic routes for the synthesis of a novel class of carbon bridged oligothiophenes with coplanar molecular configuration. We characterized the nearly flat molecular structures of TT and TTB by using X-ray crystallography. These coplanar cores have also been functionalized as metal-free organic sensitizers TT1N and BTB-1 used for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and given PCEs of 4.29% and 5.83%, respectively. On the other hand, we utilized similar idea to synthesize a novel class of star-shaped coplanar molecules with C3 symmetry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about the synthesis of truxene analogues embedding thiophene rings as functional constituents. We anticipate that this new C3-symmetric molecule would drastically reconstitute the properties of its hydrocarbon parent due to the presence of electron-rich thiophene rings.
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"Controle vertical e alterações mandibulares em individuos tratados com arco extrabucal conjugado." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2004. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000336266.
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Lin, Wei-Ling, and 林威伶. "Preparation and characteristics of a water-soluble core-shell conjugated polymer/fullerene composite." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02056524973606871350.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
104
Conjugated polymers possess unique optical and electrical properties are investigated. These conjugated polymer/fullerene composites are widely used for optoelectronic devices due to their effective donor-acceptor energy transfer. However, they are only soluble in organic solvent that is harmful for the environment. In this study, we present and develop an environmentally friendly water-soluble conjugated polymer/fullerene composite. The conjugated polymer was poly(3-thiophene acetic acid) and it was converted to an amphiphilic polymer to make it water-soluble. We adopted the characteristic of the amphiphilic polymers to encapsulate fullerenes in water as since fullerenes are hydrophobic. The composites are not only soluble in water but also retain the donor acceptor properties. The 100 nm core-shell structures were investigated and confirmed by DLS measurement, SEM, and TEM. The existence of donor acceptor energy transfer were confirmed by PL and XPS. The characteristics of the composite, such as thermal stability and electrical conductivity, also were determined. Importantly, the conductivity of this newly-developed nanoparticles can be increased to 1.85 x 10-1 S/cm, which is higher than 4 orders of magnitude of poly(3-thiophene methyl acetate). Preparation and the characteristics of the water-soluble ionized PTAA/fullerene composite were presented in this study.
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"Rasuras nos albuns de familia : um estudo sobre separações conjugais em processos juridicos." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2003. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000295350.
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"Analise e implementação de algoritimos de controle otimo pelo metodo do gradiente conjugado." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2004. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000048126.
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Liao, Yi-Ting, and 廖怡婷. "Numerical Simulation Analysis of Melt Spinning for Eccentric Sheath/Core Conjugated Fibers and Profile Fibers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89t3v5.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
化學工程研究所
96
At present, fiber fabric not only has cold-proof functions for the clothes, but expect to has additional functions of picking up the moisture, arranging sweat and can be fluffy and keep glossiness on the sense of touch. In recent year, experimentalists are developing the function fibers, such as the conjugated fibers, profile fibers, and extra-thin fibers, etc. In this study we use the three-dimension finite element method to carry out the numerical simulation of conjugated fibers and profile fibers. Three types of constitutive equations, such as Newtonian fluid, Maxwell model and PTT model, were implemented to simulate the considered flow system. In general co-extruding eccentric sheath/core conjugated fibers is made of two melting polymers from the same spinneret and contained within the same filament. Because the core layer is eccentric, an uneven cross-sectional configuration and different shrinkage of each compositions likely wrap themselves into a helical configuration upon post treatment. Not only have fluffy on the sense of touch, but also achieve additional function of picking up the moisture and arranging the sweat. Numerical simulation is utilized to investigate the effects of material viscoelasticity and operating conditions on the eccentricity of co-spun fibers. Nylon and CO-Nylon with hydrophilic function is considered as the core layer, PET and CO-PET in the sheath layer. After the determination of material parameters, the effect of viscosity, elasticity, shear thinning viscoelasticity and eccentricity of entrance on the eccentricity are investigated. Profile fibers were made by changing geometry of spinneret. Using the surface channel formed in the fibers to absorb the sweat, diffuse, transmit, move to the surface of fabric and disperse rapidly, thus achieve the goal of leading the fabric dry. In this study, we simulated the change of the cross-sectional shape for W-typed and cross-typed fibers when they emerge from the spinneret. We first performed rheological measurements for CO-PET, CO-Nylon, PET, and PP15, and proceeded to fit the experimental data to Newtonian fluid, Maxwell, and PTT models. After the determination of material parameters the effect of viscosity, elasticity, shear thinning viscoelasticity and operation conditions on the cross section difference between the profile fiber and the spinneret was investigated respectively.
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"Estudo psicossocial de mulheres vitimas de violencia domestica, que mantem o vinculo conjugal apos terem sofrido as agressões." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2004. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000318255.
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"A utilização conjugada de tecnicas de opções reais e simulação geoestatistica : metodologia para integrar modelos geologicos na avaliação de projetos de mineração." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2004. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000317265.
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林意惠. "Study of Novel Photoluminescent Materials Containing Five-Conjugated Aromatic Rings with Bis-pyridyl Group and Fluorene central core." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s725wn.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程系所
92
Study of Novel Photoluminescent Materials Containing Five-Conjugated Aromatic Rings with Bis-pyridyl Group and Fluorene central core Graduate student : Yi-Hui Lin Advisor : Dr. Hong-Cheu Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chiao Tung University Abstract A series of novel photoluminescent materials with five conjugated aromatic segment including end-capping pyridine were synthesized suc- cessfully via Heck coupling reaction, Wittig -Horner reaction. Hydrogen bonding complexes were obtained from the mixing of these luminescent compounds with different proton donors containing carboxylic acids gr- oups in THF. The thermal properties of these materials were measured by TGA. The decomposition temperature at 5% weight loss (Td) of all com- pounds ranged from 370℃~ 409℃. DSC and POM claimed that most of these compounds have mesogenic phase. The optical properties of these materials were measured by UV-Vis and PL (photoluminescence) spectroscopic studies. These compounds exhibited maximum absorption in the range of 405 nm~430 nm in diluted THF. They emitted green fluorescence around 455~480 nm in THF. The quantum efficiency of them were ranged from 60% ~ 67% comparing to Perylene. For a good formation of Hydrogen-bonding complexes, the highly acidic proton donor should be used . The energy band gap was shortened once the Hydrogen-bonding complexes were formed. According to the PL spectra, all the complexes whose contain THDA showing the most apparent red-shifted emission due to its lowest pka value. The CV showed that the HOMO and LUMO of these compounds were located at 5.29 eV ~ 5.58 eV and 2.74 eV ~ 2.95 eV respectively. The polarization measurement showed the existence of the polarized light and the polarization ratio is about 4.89 .
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Lin, Ting-Yu, and 林庭伃. "Synthesis and Characterization of Double Strand DNA-Conjugated Magnetic Fe3O4 Core/Au Shell Nanoparticles for a Tunable Drug Delivery System." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03937356062414992755.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
材料科學與工程學系奈米科技碩博士班
101
Magnetic Fe3O4 core/Au shell nanoparticles exhibit both magnetic property of Fe3O4 core and well-established surface chemistry, biological reactivity of Au shell. In this study, magnetic Fe3O4 core/Au shell nanoparticles were synthesized by reducing HAuCl4 on the surface of monodispersed Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the aqueous solution after the facile synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by co-precipitation process that are more popular for biological applications. Next, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns, and optical property by UV-Vis all clearly demonstrate the fact that core/shell nanoparticles were successfully formed as the form of Fe3O4 nanoparticles covered by Au shell; as well as superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) results show the great superparamagnetic property of Fe3O4 core/Au shell nanoparticles. In addition, by functionalizing the surfaces of magnetic Fe3O4 core/Au shell nanoparticles with CG rich double strand DNA through Au-S bonds, which are themo-sensitive molecules, the doxorubicin with fluorescence as anticancer drug could be carried via intercalation. Further, when the innovative drug carriers were heated under high frequency magnetic field, the double strand DNA dehybridized and then caused the release of doxorubicin. Among suffered different periods of high frequency magnetic field, the release of doxorubicin can be tuned. In this study, the release rate can achieve up to 79% in less than 10 minutes based on our drug delivery system. As a result, this tunable drug delivery system with magnetic Fe3O4 core/Au shell carriers has great promising of developing into multifunctional system including imaging, targeting and tunable drug delivery owing to not only the potential in MR imaging of magnetic core but also well-established surface with adaptive targeting molecules of Au shell, even the proved biocompatibility whether it is Au or Fe3O4 nanoparticle. In the future, a complete bionano platform will be built up.
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Tsai, Bo-Kai, and 蔡博凱. "Synthesis and Multi-photon Absorption Properties of Various Conjugated Chromophores Using Pyrazinoindenocarbazole, Tetra(thiophenyl)benzene, Thienopyrazine and Quinoxanline as the Central Core Units." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/d232rs.
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碩士國立中央大學
化學學系
104
Several conjugated systems with heterocyclic aromatic rings introduced as the π-centers including isomeric pyrazinoindenocarbazole, tetrathiophenyl benzene, anthratetrathiophene, thienopyrazine, and quinoxaline have been designed and synthesized to investigate their linear and nonlinear optical properties. Some useful structure-property relationships are revealed form our preliminary results: [1] For the pyrazinoindenocarbazole-cored chromophore system, the orientation of the fused heterocyclic rings plays an essential role to the molecular two-photon absorption strength. In our case, among the studied two isomeric structures, the one with anti- orm center exhibits superior two-photon absorptivity over the other one. [2] Thiophene could be a useful two-photon absorption promoting unit if it is correctly incorporated. It is found that the analogous dendritic structures with free and fused thiophene units as part of π-centers exhibit drastically different two-photon absorption strength. [3] In quinoxaline (benzopyrazine)- and thienopyrazine-cored system, it is found that thienopyrazine is an effective two-photon absorption band shifter. On the other hand, the substitution pattern in quinoxaline- cored chromophores play an important role to the molecular two-photon absorption, In addition, ethynyl unit is found to be an effective linkage to promote two-photon activity.
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Lin, ShuYu, and 林書玉. "Synthesis and Mesomorphic Behavior of Discotic Liquid Crystals with a 1,2,4,5-Tetraynylbenzene Core and Various Highly Conjugated Bending Rods with 2-Phenylethynyl-5-ethynyl-thiophene Units." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97647122075363000820.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
化學學系
90
Hexaynylbenzene compounds have been shown to be promising for use in improving the viewing angle of LC displays. For exploring new discotic nematic liquid crystal materials, a new series of 1,2,4,5-tetraynylbenzene derivatives was designed and synthesized to surpass the hexa-ynyl analogue.Direct coupling of 1,2,4,5-tetraiodobenzene with 4’-hydroxy-4-ethynyl biphenyl, followed by alkylation with alkyl bromides yielded a series of 1,2,4,5-tetrakisbiphenylethynylbenzene compounds of disc-like shape. As evidenced by DSC and POM studies, all showed solely a nematic phase except for decyloxyl analog, in which an additional smectic phase appeared. For straight chain derivatives, the lower melting point of 127.7 ℃ and the broader mesophase range of 87.3 ℃ were found for the shorter chain length analog(C8). Most importantly, the crystallization temperature was significantly lowered to 68 ℃ with a 15 ℃ enlargement of the liquid crystal range by introducing chiral side chains.In the second series, mesogens with elongated π-conjugated calamitic cores were developed and their absorption and luminescence properties were studied. Two units of 2-phenylethynyl-5-ethynylthiophene were assembled with or without linkers. Without any linker, a nematic mesophase from 110 ℃ to 157.6 ℃ was found. Insertion of a thiophene ring linking at it’s 2,5-positions, extended the mesophase range for extra 7 ℃. Furthermore, when a bithiophene unit was used as the linker, an additional smectic phase was also observed. Interestingly, introduction of a benzene ring linking at it’s 1,3-positions or insertion of a trans-Pt(PEt3)2 moiety made the mesophase to disappear.
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Lorenz, Nicole. "Application of the Duality Theory: New Possibilities within the Theory of Risk Measures, Portfolio Optimization and Machine Learning." Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A19760.
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The aim of this thesis is to present new results concerning duality in scalar optimization. We show how the theory can be applied to optimization problems arising in the theory of risk measures, portfolio optimization and machine learning.
First we give some notations and preliminaries we need within the thesis. After that we recall how the well-known Lagrange dual problem can be derived by using the general perturbation theory and give some generalized interior point regularity conditions used in the literature. Using these facts we consider some special scalar optimization problems having a composed objective function and geometric (and cone) constraints. We derive their duals, give strong duality results and optimality condition using some regularity conditions. Thus we complete and/or extend some results in the literature especially by using the mentioned regularity conditions, which are weaker than the classical ones. We further consider a scalar optimization problem having single chance constraints and a convex objective function. We also derive its dual, give a strong duality result and further consider a special case of this problem. Thus we show how the conjugate duality theory can be used for stochastic programming problems and extend some results given in the literature.
In the third chapter of this thesis we consider convex risk and deviation measures. We present some more general measures than the ones given in the literature and derive formulas for their conjugate functions. Using these we calculate some dual representation formulas for the risk and deviation measures and correct some formulas in the literature. Finally we proof some subdifferential formulas for measures and risk functions by using the facts above.
The generalized deviation measures we introduced in the previous chapter can be used to formulate some portfolio optimization problems we consider in the fourth chapter. Their duals, strong duality results and optimality conditions are derived by using the general theory and the conjugate functions, respectively, given in the second and third chapter. Analogous calculations are done for a portfolio optimization problem having single chance constraints using the general theory given in the second chapter. Thus we give an application of the duality theory in the well-developed field of portfolio optimization.
We close this thesis by considering a general Support Vector Machines problem and derive its dual using the conjugate duality theory. We give a strong duality result and necessary as well as sufficient optimality conditions. By considering different cost functions we get problems for Support Vector Regression and Support Vector Classification. We extend the results given in the literature by dropping the assumption of invertibility of the kernel matrix. We use a cost function that generalizes the well-known Vapnik's ε-insensitive loss and consider the optimization problems that arise by using this. We show how the general theory can be applied for a real data set, especially we predict the concrete compressive strength by using a special Support Vector Regression problem.