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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Bykova, Valentina I., Alena I. Tyutyukina, Yulia G. Sidneva, and Svetlana A. Valiullina. "A Psychological Portrait of a Teenager in the Posttraumatic Confusional State." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 3, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/rehab55330.

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The Russian statistics demonstrate that in Russia, brain injuries are increasing every year what is particularly tragic if to speak about children. After traumatic brain injury (TBI), the process of consciousness restoration develops in stages. In Russian science, stages of mental recovery in adults are described by the neuropsychiatric group of researchers from Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery. The authors have introduced the term amnestic confusion to designate the stage at which there is a possibility to have the verbal contact with amnestic defects and disorders of orientation in time and space. In foreign literature, this stage is defined as post-traumatic state of confused consciousness (PTCS). In children (adolescents), the state of confused consciousness after traumatic brain injury is met in about 80%. The aim of the study was to make a detailed description and phenomenological analysis of some psychological characteristics of the confused state in adolescents after brain injury what will add to the overall picture of medical and neuropsychological examinations. 62 teenagers in the confused consciousness state after TBI were taken into the study. The authors present their observations and analysis of such psychological phenomena as behavioral and emotional characteristics, social intelligence, gender and age identification.
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2

Tymms, Vijay. "Placing physics undergraduates into a state of confusion: Why we must deliberately perplex learners during their degree course." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 10 (June 1, 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i10.509.

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In this opinion piece (based on personal teaching experience and independent study of the literature) I outline how we as teachers deliberately confuse our students during their physics degrees. I explain how the passing through this confused state can be thought of as a rite of passage for students, and suggest how a greater awareness of this can assist our teaching.
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3

Oi, Shizuo. "Hydrocephalus chronology in adults: confused state of the terminology." Critical Reviews in Neurosurgery 8, no. 6 (November 25, 1998): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003290050100.

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4

Abulof, Uriel. "The Confused Compass: From Self-determination to State-determination." Ethnopolitics 14, no. 5 (August 11, 2015): 488–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2015.1051809.

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5

Lim, Jong Min, Iti Gupta, Hiroyuki Furuta, and Dongho Kim. "Comparative photophysics of sapphyrin derivatives: effects of confused and fused pyrrole rings." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 15, no. 09n10 (September 2011): 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424611003719.

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We have investigated the photophysical properties of [22] π-conjugated pentapyrrolic systems, sapphyrin, N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins, with a particular focus on the effects of confused and fused pyrrole rings on their electronic structures using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods, two-photon absorption cross-section (σ(2)) measurements and quantum mechanical calculations. The absorption spectra of N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins exhibit relatively red-shifted features compared to sapphyrin. In parallel with these spectral features, the reduced HOMO–LUMO gaps were observed in going from sapphyrin to N-fused sapphyrin. In the analysis of the anisotropy of the induced current density (AICD), N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins show that extra π-electrons in confused and fused pyrrole rings contribute to the extension of their π-conjugation pathways. Slightly larger twophoton absorption cross-section values of N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins (3250 and 3900 GM) than that of sapphyrin (2900 GM) also reflect an enhanced π-conjugation effect due to bicyclic and endocyclic extensions in π-conjugation pathways, respectively. The excited singlet and triplet state lifetimes of N-confused sapphyrin were determined to be 60 ps and 1 μs, respectively, due to conformational change and acceleration of nonradiative decay processes, being in a sharp contrast with those of sapphyrin (2.4 ns and 13 μs, respectively). In the case of N-fused sapphyrin, very short singlet excited-state lifetime of 5 ps was detected probably due to the excited-state NH-tautomerization process which enhances nonradiative decay processes.
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6

Listernick, Robert. "A 9-Year-Old Boy in a Confused, Sleepy State." Pediatric Annals 38, no. 10 (October 1, 2009): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00904481-20090918-07.

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7

Shaw, Janet L., Samantha J. Doble, James Stewart, and Victor N. Nemykin. "Charged and confused: Meso-tetrakis(p-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl) N-confused porphyrin as a precursor to water soluble variants." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 21, no. 04-06 (April 2017): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424617500158.

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A metal-free meso-tetrakis([Formula: see text]-methoxycarbonylphenyl) N-confused porphyrin (1) was prepared as the precursor for water-soluble derivatives by the reaction between pyrrole, methyl-4-formylbenzoate, and MSA. Tautomeric behavior of the porphyrin 1 in polar and non-polar solvents was probed by [Formula: see text]H NMR, UV-vis, MCD, steady-state fluorescence, and high-resolution ESI methods and was found to be similar to the previously reported metal-free N-confused porphyrins. The electronic structure and the nature of the excited states in 1 were correlated with the results obtained by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations.
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8

Wang, Qi, Yecai Guo, Yuhui Shen, Shuang Tong, and Hongcan Guo. "Multi-Layer Graph Attention Network for Sleep Stage Classification Based on EEG." Sensors 22, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 9272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239272.

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Graph neural networks have been successfully applied to sleep stage classification, but there are still challenges: (1) How to effectively utilize epoch information of EEG-adjacent channels owing to their different interaction effects. (2) How to extract the most representative features according to confused transitional information in confused stages. (3) How to improve classification accuracy of sleep stages compared with existing models. To address these shortcomings, we propose a multi-layer graph attention network (MGANet). Node-level attention prompts the graph attention convolution and GRU to focus on and differentiate the interaction between channels in the time-frequency domain and the spatial domain, respectively. The multi-head spatial-temporal mechanism balances the channel weights and dynamically adjusts channel features, and a multi-layer graph attention network accurately expresses the spatial sleep information. Moreover, stage-level attention is applied to easily confused sleep stages, which effectively improves the limitations of a graph convolutional network in large-scale graph sleep stages. The experimental results demonstrated classification accuracy; MF1 and Kappa reached 0.825, 0.814, and 0.775 and 0.873, 0.801, and 0.827 for the ISRUC and SHHS datasets, respectively, which showed that MGANet outperformed the state-of-the-art baselines.
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9

Basin, Michael V. "On Optimal Filtering for Polynomial System States." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 125, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1543174.

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The paper presents the optimal nonlinear filter for quadratic state and linear observation equations confused with white Gaussian disturbances. The general scheme for obtaining the optimal filter in case of polynomial state and linear observation equations is announced.
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10

MYERS, ALAN A., JIGNESHKUMAR N. TRIVEDI, SWAPNIL GOSAVI, and KAURESH D. VACHHRAJANI. "A new species of genus Parhyale Stebbing, 1897 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalidae) from Gujarat State, India." Zootaxa 4294, no. 5 (July 21, 2017): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4294.5.8.

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11

Ling, B. "The 'confused topic' of act of state under the Hong Kong Basic Law." Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 84–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxt006.

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12

Myśliborski, Radomir, Krystyna Rachlewicz, and Lechosław Latos-Grażyński. "Low-spin organoiron(III) N-confused pyriporphyrin." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 11, no. 03 (March 2007): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424607000229.

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Oxidation of ( PyP H) Fe II Br , an iron(II) complex of 6,11,16,21-tetraaryl-3-aza-m-benziporphyrin ( N -confused pyriporphyrin, ( PyP H) H ) has been followed, in the presence of pyridine, by 1 H and 2 H NMR spectroscopy. One-electron oxidation with dioxygen, accompanied by deprotonation of a C (22) H fragment and formation of a Fe - C (22) bond, produced a low-spin, six-coordinate iron(III) complex [( PyP ) Fe III( py )2]+ as confirmed by combination of 1 H NMR, EPR and structural data. The characteristic patterns of 1 H NMR pyrrole and meso-aryl resonances resemble features assigned to the less common, low-spin ground electronic state (( d xz d yz )4( d xy )1) of iron(III) regular porphyrins. A conformational rearrangement process has been detected which involves two structures differentiated by macrocyclic ruffling. The structure of { H [( PyP ) Fe III( py )2]2}( Fe III Br 4)3· CH 2 Cl 2 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The cationic complex involves a six-coordinate iron atom bound to the N -confused pyriporphyrin through its three nitrogens ( Fe - N (23) = 1.924(7), Fe - N (24) = 1.979(7), Fe - N (25) = 1.9343(7) Å) and the pirydyl trigonal C (22) atom ( Fe (1)- C (22) = 1.972(10) Å). The porphyrin is strongly ruffled, defining two deep grooves along C meso - C meso axes at right angles to each other. Two axial pyridine ligands are located in the prearranged equatorial ligand grooves. The iron lies in the N 3 C plane of the macrocycle defined by coordinating nitrogen and carbon atoms. In the solid, pairs of molecules are positioned along the line defined by Fe (1)- C (22) and Fe (2)- C (91) bonds. The structure demonstrates the head-to-head arrangement of two [( PyP ) Fe III( py )2]+ subunits revealing the adjacency of the two perimeter nitrogen atoms (the N (3)⋯ N (72) distance = 2.587(10) Å) linked by the N ⋯ H ⋯ N hydrogen bond.
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13

Basu, Arghya, Motoki Kitamura, Shigeki Mori, Masatoshi Ishida, Yongshu Xie, and Hiroyuki Furuta. "Near-infrared luminescent Sn(IV) complexes of N-confused tetraphenylporphyrin: Effect of axial anion coordination." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 19, no. 01-03 (January 2015): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424615500212.

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Novel tin(IV) halo complexes of an N-confused tetraphenylporphyrin with different axial ligands have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic methods including X-ray crystallographic analysis. The molecular structures of the dichloro and dibromo derivatives possess perfect octahedral geometries, which are nearly comparable to the corresponding regular porphyrin complexes. In contrast, the iodide/triiodide complex obtained by a same reaction manner, demonstrated that the tin(IV) cation is slightly displaced towards axially coordinated iodide anion, giving rise to the different electronic structure due to the tautomeric form of N-confused porphyrin ligand. These structural differences reflected to the distinct photophysical and electrochemical properties. The Sn(IV) complexes are near IR luminescent, however the unsymmetrical axial coordination of iodide and triiodide anions in the tin(IV) N-confused porphyrin complex allows, in particular, the longer emission lifetimes and a smaller singlet-triplet energy gap, which were investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopies as well as theoretical calculations.
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14

Soltanianzadeh, Yasamin, Elizabeth Greene, and Veronica Slootsky. "A 32-Year-Old Man with Chest Pain, Confused Mental State, and Muscle Rigidity." Psychiatric Annals 46, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20160315-01.

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15

Kindervater, Marcus B., Katherine M. Marczenko, Ulrike Werner‐Zwanziger, and Saurabh S. Chitnis. "A Redox‐Confused Bismuth(I/III) Triamide with a T‐Shaped Planar Ground State." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 58, no. 23 (June 3, 2019): 7850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201903354.

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16

Kindervater, Marcus B., Katherine M. Marczenko, Ulrike Werner‐Zwanziger, and Saurabh S. Chitnis. "A Redox‐Confused Bismuth(I/III) Triamide with a T‐Shaped Planar Ground State." Angewandte Chemie 131, no. 23 (May 2, 2019): 7932–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201903354.

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17

Vyas, Shubham, Christopher M. Hadad, and David A. Modarelli. "A Computational Study of the Ground and Excited State Structure and Absorption Spectra of Free-Base N-Confused Porphine and Free-Base N-Confused Tetraphenylporphyrin." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 112, no. 29 (July 2008): 6533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp802094r.

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18

PAIVA, Marilia de Abreu Martins de, and Marina Nogueira FERRAZ. "Public libraries and school libraries: Major differences." Transinformação 30, no. 2 (August 2018): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2318-08892018000200008.

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Abstract Public and school libraries in Brazil have not yet been universalized. Many are in a precarious state, and their functions are often confused. In order to demonstrate that such reality persists, some projects that were submitted to an Official Announcement (call for proposals), called “Construindo uma Minas Leitora” (Building an active reading Minas State), issued by the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, for the establishment of public libraries, were selected and analyzed. Most of the projects evaluated showed that the function, target public, collection, and services offered by public and school libraries are often confused. Based on the literature and basic documents used in the formulation of the concepts of public and school libraries, it was found that the lack of public policies related to these two types of libraries leads to a vicious circle of lack of experience and knowledge in these libraries. Thus, the same precarious and inadequately structured existing models are used. Such situation, which results from the lack of public policies since the birth of the Brazilian nation, have persisted into the 21st century.
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19

Driessen, Michael D. "Religion, State, and Democracy: Analyzing Two Dimensions of Church-State Arrangements." Politics and Religion 3, no. 1 (November 18, 2009): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755048309990435.

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AbstractOne of the essential characteristics of a democratic regime is the separation of Church and state. The elected governors of a democratic regime's institutions require sufficient autonomy in order to make policy that is within the bounds of the constitution and which cannot be contested or overruled by non-elected religious leaders or institutions. However, this requirement is often confused by scholars and politicians to mean that a democracy must also be secular. Therefore, the idea of an “Islamic democracy” for example, is often derided as a contradiction in terms. Using quantitative data from Grim and Finke (2006) and Fox (2006) on cross-national Church and state relationships, this article argues that once the core autonomy prerequisite has been fulfilled, further separation of Church and state is not necessarily associated with higher levels of democracy. In fact, the data indicate that there is a wide range of Church-state arrangements which gives religion the possibility of a central role in political life while maintaining a high quality of democratic rights and freedoms. Drawing on the statistical results of this analysis, the article concludes by rethinking about the possibilities and limits for “public” religion to strengthen democratization processes.
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20

Cretu, Crina-Florica. "Anxiety in puberty." Univers Pedagogic, no. 2(74) (August 2022): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.52387/1811-5470.2022.2.13.

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The changes that occur in puberty have a major impact on multiple areas, especially on the emotional state, the self-image and the whole personality. Often, the preadolescent feels confused, awkward and clumsy. In other words, inappropiate to the ideal image. This influences the way he perceives, understands and judges himself. From here, there is only one more step in feeling anxious, stressed and easily influenced. Frequent anxiety states cause an inacurrate self-image, the individual feeling as different in a negative way. Physical activities in this stage of life are important since the emotional state and self-image changes and also the social integration of the preadolescent.
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21

Chen, Binghui, and Weihong Deng. "Energy Confused Adversarial Metric Learning for Zero-Shot Image Retrieval and Clustering." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 8134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33018134.

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Deep metric learning has been widely applied in many computer vision tasks, and recently, it is more attractive in zeroshot image retrieval and clustering (ZSRC) where a good embedding is requested such that the unseen classes can be distinguished well. Most existing works deem this ’good’ embedding just to be the discriminative one and thus race to devise powerful metric objectives or hard-sample mining strategies for leaning discriminative embedding. However, in this paper, we first emphasize that the generalization ability is a core ingredient of this ’good’ embedding as well and largely affects the metric performance in zero-shot settings as a matter of fact. Then, we propose the Energy Confused Adversarial Metric Learning (ECAML) framework to explicitly optimize a robust metric. It is mainly achieved by introducing an interesting Energy Confusion regularization term, which daringly breaks away from the traditional metric learning idea of discriminative objective devising, and seeks to ’confuse’ the learned model so as to encourage its generalization ability by reducing overfitting on the seen classes. We train this confusion term together with the conventional metric objective in an adversarial manner. Although it seems weird to ’confuse’ the network, we show that our ECAML indeed serves as an efficient regularization technique for metric learning and is applicable to various conventional metric methods. This paper empirically and experimentally demonstrates the importance of learning embedding with good generalization, achieving state-of-theart performances on the popular CUB, CARS, Stanford Online Products and In-Shop datasets for ZSRC tasks. Code available at http://www.bhchen.cn/.
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22

Klein, Étienne. "What Does the “Arrow of Time” Mean?" KronoScope 16, no. 2 (September 27, 2016): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-12341355.

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One hundred and fifty years after the work of Ludwig Boltzmann on the interpretation of the irreversibility of physical phenomena, we are still not sure what we mean when we talk of “time” or the “arrow of time.” One source of this difficulty is our tendency to confuse time and becoming: that is, the course of time and the arrow of time, two concepts that the formalisms of physics do distinguish clearly. The course of time is represented by a line on which it is customary to place a small arrow that, ironically, must not be confused with the “arrow of time.” On the one hand, this small arrow indicates that the course of time is oriented. On the other hand, the arrow of time indicates the possibility for physical systems to experience, over the course of time, changes or transformations that prevent them from returning to their initial state forever.
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23

Mitrovic, Milovan. "The Serbian idea in an era of confused historical consciousness." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 134 (2011): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1134001m.

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This paper, represents a hypothetical consideration of the phenomenology of the Serbian national idea, within the traumatic circumstances of the breakup of the Yugoslav state at the end of the 20th century, when the Serbian national issue was reopened in an exceptionally unfavorable geopolitical context for the Serbian people. The author specifically analyzes the ideological and political factors behind the Serbian confusion with the theoretical framework of Agnes Heller's critical interpretation of history, which speaks of the 'confusion of historical consciousness' that began with World War I and was magnified by the Holocaust, Hiroshima, the Gulag and the European concentration camps. The author of this article adds the great Powers' Balkan interventions during the world wars to their dishonorable historical legacy, ending with their role in the creation and the breakup of Yugoslavia, at the expense of the Serbian people. The conclusion contains an appeal for a more rational national self-consciousness, founded in positive Serbian tradition and real insights into the social conditions that determine the processes in today's Serbian society and its environment.
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24

Toganoh, Motoki, and Hiroyuki Furuta. "Theoretical Study on Conformation and Electronic State of Hückel-Aromatic Multiply N-Confused [26]Hexaphyrins." Journal of Organic Chemistry 75, no. 23 (December 3, 2010): 8213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo101856h.

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25

Barber, NW. "The Constitution, The State and the European Union." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 8 (2006): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802731188.

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Is the european Union a state? Does it possess a constitution? And, accompanying these conundrums, if the Union lacks these characteristics, should we seek to confer them on it? There are some questions which are easier to answer than to understand, and questions about the statehood and constitution of the Union are of this nature. Pragmatic scholars have tended to dispose of such matters briskly; confident that their answers were correct, even if unsure of the basis for their confidence. The decision to entitle the product of the European Convention a ‘constitution’ has given these questions new significance. A small portion, at the very least, of the confused debate surrounding the Draft Constitution has been caused by the murky relationship between constitutions and states, and the implications that flow from statehood.
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26

Barber, NW. "The Constitution, The State and the European Union." Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 8 (2006): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000004651.

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Is the european Union a state? Does it possess a constitution? And, accompanying these conundrums, if the Union lacks these characteristics, should we seek to confer them on it? There are some questions which are easier to answer than to understand, and questions about the statehood and constitution of the Union are of this nature. Pragmatic scholars have tended to dispose of such matters briskly; confident that their answers were correct, even if unsure of the basis for their confidence. The decision to entitle the product of the European Convention a ‘constitution’ has given these questions new significance. A small portion, at the very least, of the confused debate surrounding the Draft Constitution has been caused by the murky relationship between constitutions and states, and the implications that flow from statehood.
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27

Dabholkar, P. D. "Ganser Syndrome." British Journal of Psychiatry 151, no. 2 (August 1987): 256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.151.2.256.

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A case of Ganser syndrome occurring in an 11 year-old Indian boy is described, and the psychodynamics and nosological status of the syndrome discussed. Ganser syndrome should be regarded as a hysterical state, and should not be confused with the similar picture observed in organic brain syndromes and psychoses.
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28

Sawer, Marian. "Gender, Metaphor and the State." Feminist Review 52, no. 1 (March 1996): 118–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1996.11.

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The neo-liberal upsurge of the last twenty years and the neo-liberal case against the welfare state has gained much of its emotional force from a sub-text which is highly gendered. Whereas social liberalism had contained the promise of more autonomy within the private sphere and more caring values in the public sphere, neo-liberalism depicts the results of social liberalism as a loss of self reliance – through ‘over-protection’ by the state in the public sphere and usurpation of male roles in the private sphere. The identification of the welfare state as female (the ‘nanny state’) helps fuel resentment on the part of those already confused by rapidly changing gender roles. This paper tracks the sex change which took place in the image of the liberal state as it evolved out of the night watchman state – the link between the women's suffrage movement and social regulation, maternal principles of distribution and demands for the public organization of caring. It examines the neo-liberal rejection of the breast and neo-liberal claims that the maternal state is incompatible with ‘self-reliance’ and a barrier to competitiveness in the world market.
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29

Cunha Melo, André Luiz Silveira da. "Do imaginário para a literatura: a confusão feminina na mentalidade do cristianismo europeu | From the Imaginary to Literature: female confusion in the mentality of European Christianity." Revista PHILIA | Filosofia, Literatura & Arte 3, no. 2 (December 8, 2021): 250–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2596-0911.116278.

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Foi graças à perpetuação de certos preceitos de feminilidade que uma mentalidade antifeminina vingou no imaginário do cristianismo primitivo, enraizando-se na cultura europeia e revelando-se nas demonstrações de arte e literatura desde o baixo-medievo. Neste artigo busca-se discorrer sobre uma importante parte dessa maneira de pensar – a associação do feminino a um estado confuso ou à propagação da confusão, seja através da fala ardilosa ou da simples exposição à presença do feminino, que, para o cristianismo primitivo, estava intimamente ligado ao pecado original e à Queda. Dessa maneira, tenciona-se demonstrar como uma mentalidade antifeminina transpassou para a representação literária de feminino e de amor na Europa medieval, apresentando-se em cantigas e trovas variadas.Palavras-chave: Imaginário. Confusão Feminina. Cristianismo. AbstractIt was due to the perpetuation of certain precepts of femininity that an anti-feminine mentality took hold in the imagination of primitive Christianity, taking root in European culture and revealing itself in art and literature demonstrations since the low-medieval period. This paper seeks to discuss an important part of this way of thinking – the association of the feminine with a confused state or the spread of confusion, whether through cunning speech or through simple exposure to the presence of the feminine, which for early Christianity was closely linked to the original sin and the Fall. This paper seeks, then, to demonstrate how an anti-feminine mentality was transferred to the literary representation of the feminine and of love in medieval Europe, presenting itself in different lyrics and songs.Keywords: Imaginary. Feminine Confusion. Christianity. ORCIDhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2526-7214
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30

HOVE, HARRY A. TEN, and ELENA K. KUPRIYANOVA. "Taxonomy of Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta): The state of affairs." Zootaxa 2036, no. 1 (March 16, 2009): 1–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2036.1.1.

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The Serpulidae are a large group of sedentary polychaetes inhabiting calcareous tubes. The relationships within the group are poorly understood and taxonomy of the group is very confused which is a major obstacle to accessing their phylogeny. This review provides up-to-date information on the current state of taxonomy of Serpulidae sensu lato (not including Spirorbinae). The morphology of the group is reviewed with special reference to the features that can provide characters for future phylogenetic analyses. Scanning electron micrographs illustrate the structure of the chaetae and uncini. The list of 46—in our opinion valid—genera is accompanied by detailed generic diagnoses, species composition and distribution (checklist), and remarks on major taxonomic literature. A taxonomic key to the genera and a list of invalid genera with synonymy is also provided.
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31

Maurya, Yogesh Kumar, Katsuya Noda, Kazuhisa Yamasumi, Shigeki Mori, Tomoki Uchiyama, Kazutaka Kamitani, Tomoyasu Hirai, et al. "Ground-State Copper(III) Stabilized by N-Confused/N-Linked Corroles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Redox Reactivity." Journal of the American Chemical Society 140, no. 22 (May 11, 2018): 6883–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.8b01876.

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Ippolitov, Georgiy Mikhailovich. "Is a class approach to learn history out of date? Or... (invitation to a discussion)." Samara Journal of Science 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201982233.

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In the following paper the author disclosures some aspects of a complex problem. It is a class approach to the assessment of events and phenomena as one of the approaches to learn history. The style is lapidary, with conciseness elements. The author considers fundamental postulates of the Marxist-Leninist concept of a class approach to the assessment of events and phenomena as one of the approaches to learn history. The emphasis is placed here on Lenins understanding of the methodological phenomenon stated above and its development by ideologists of the Communist Party governing the Soviet state. Development of the studied concept in the Soviet historical science is traced. At the same time it is emphasized that eclecticism elements were allowed when scientists confused the concepts principles of a historical research and approaches to learn history. The author considers how the problem of a class approach to assessment of events and phenomena is treated in a Post-Soviet and modern historiography. The author says that this approach hasnt become outdated in historical science as many representatives of so-called liberal historical school consider (dont confuse with V.O. Klyuchevsky) and continues to function. However, it changed manifestation forms and receded a little into the background.
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Kolt, Gregory S., and Robert J. Kirkby. "Injury, Anxiety, and Mood in Competitive Gymnasts." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 3 (June 1994): 955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003151259407800351.

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Psychological factors related to injury were investigated in 115 competitive gymnasts. The subjects were administered the Profile of Mood States-Bipolar Form (POMS-BI) and Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2). Direct discriminant function analysis showed that the best predictors for distinguishing between gymnasts with four or more injuries and those with fewer than four injuries were CSAI-2 Cognitive Anxiety and the POMS-BI Composed-Anxious and Energetic-Tired scores. The more-injured gymnasts were more anxious and tired, and reported higher scores on the CSAI-2 Cognitive Anxiety scale. Males could be differentiated from females by scores on the CSAI-2 Self-confidence and the POMS-BI Composed-Anxious, Confident-Unsure, Energetic-Tired, and Clearheaded-Confused scales. The female gymnasts were more anxious, unsure, tired, and confused, and reported lower levels of CSAI-2 Self-confidence. The findings were interpreted as further evidence of the anxiety-injury link in athletes.
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Kobak, Roger, Kristyn Zajac, Caroline Abbott, Abby Zisk, and Nadia Bounoua. "Atypical dimensions of caregiver–adolescent interaction in an economically disadvantaged sample." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000074.

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AbstractThe Goal-Corrected Partnership Adolescent Coding System (GPACS) has shown promise in assessing a secure as well as three atypical patterns of parent–adolescent interaction during a conflict discussion. The current study of 186 economically disadvantaged families examines the degree to which four GPACS patterns: secure/collaborative, hostile/punitive, role confused, and disoriented, prospectively predict adolescents’ social competence and maladaptive behavior (internalizing, externalizing, and risk behaviors) at age 15 years after controlling for these social behaviors at age 13 years and contemporaneous GPACS scores. Adolescents from secure/collaborative dyads at age 13 were more likely to have a secure state of mind in the Adult Attachment Interview at age 15 and showed higher levels of teachers’ ratings of empathy and lower levels of teachers’ ratings of externalizing behaviors at age 15 years. Adolescents in disoriented dyads showed higher levels of teacher-rated internalizing problems, while male adolescents in role confused dyads reported higher levels of involvement in risk behaviors, including unprotected sexual activity and substance use problems.
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Fonseca, Gustavo, and Wilfrida Decraemer. "State of the art of the free-living marine Monhysteridae (Nematoda)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 7 (October 29, 2008): 1371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408001719.

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The family Monhysteridae is characterized by 17 valid genera, seven of which are known to be free-living, inhabiting marine sediments. In total, 70 valid marine species are ascribed to these seven genera. Overall, the family is characterized by a confused taxonomic history with a large list of synonyms and species inquirendae. The taxonomic problem is not restricted to the old literature, but inconsistencies also appeared in recent studies. The aim of this study is to show the most important diagnostic characters to identify each genus and provide taxonomic tools for species identification. Dichotomous-keys and illustration-guides are attempted for the marine monhysterid species. For the family and each subfamily, tribe and marine genus a brief historical background, diagnosis and a list of valid species is provided. Hereby, we propose to transfer eight species of the genus Thalassomonhystera to the genus Monhystrella.
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36

Reeves, Joshua. "The State of Babel After the Fall: Philo Judaeus and the Possibility of Rhetoric." Journal for the History of Rhetoric 17, no. 1 (January 2014): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.17.1.0034.

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ABSTRACT This article contextualizes Philo Judaeus’s treatise De Confusione Linguarum in rhetorical and intellectual history. While most interpretations of the Tower of Babel legend have found that its primary function is to explain the dispersion of the world’s diverse nations and languages, Philo argues that the “confusion of tongues” signifies a more basic existential condition. For Philo, this confusion disrupted humankind’s capacity for perfect communication, helping us value rhetorical action as an essential element of the confused, ongoing process of struggle that characterizes our everyday sociality. The confusion of tongues, therefore, simultaneously gave rise to rhetoric and the masses, as it imposed a principle of difference in language and discordant heterogeneity in the social order.
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Galant, Yves. "On the stigmatized Yugoslavia: Lenchka Gornik and Ierik Matko I. (Wiener Med. W. No. 21, 1933)." Kazan medical journal 29, no. 8-9 (January 12, 2022): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj89872.

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Matko I. (Wiener Med. W. No. 21, 1933) reports, in connection with the sensationalized in recent years in medical, theological and philosophical literature of Germany about the "saint" from Konnersreith (a place in Bavaria), about the stigmatized Yugoslavia: Lenchka Gornik and Ierik a, viewed as genuinely stigmatized, and about three other "saints", one of whom was clearly deceiving, while the other was bleeding from wounds that she inflicted on herself in a confused state.
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Wang, Wen Xiu, En Jian He, and Yan Fei Zhao. "Earned Value Analysis Application in Project Management." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2494.

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The focus of earned value management is the deviation ( schedule variance and cost deviation ) to determine the project, by determining the deviation monitor project status . Discussion earned value analysis methods use a combination of project management . Earned Value Analysis method as an effective project monitoring tools, you can maximize avoid state ( time and cost ) project-specific business and technical implementation of the project 's content and confused together, intuitively given project status information.
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PÉREZ-CALIX, EMMANUEL. "Sedum pyriseminum (Crassulaceae), a morphologically remarkable new annual species from the state of Durango, Mexico." Phytotaxa 255, no. 3 (April 11, 2016): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.3.13.

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Mexico is a proven centre of diversity and endemism for Sedum L. (Crassulaceae) and species new to science are continually being discovered. Sedum pyriseminum E. Pérez-Calix is described and illustrated based on specimens originating from the Mexiquillo region, Durango, Mexico. Sedum pyriseminum E. Pérez-Calix is a small annual plant, 2 cm or less in height. Although other Sedum species with this habit are known, S. pyriseminum does not closely resemble any of them. It is most similar to S. vinicolor S. Watson (= S. forreri E. L. Greene), with which it could be confused as a consequence of their similar size and sympatric distribution. The conservation status of Sedum pyriseminum is assessed as Vulnerable (VU).
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Pimentel, David, Michael Lowry, Timothy Koglin, and Ronald Pimentel. "Innovation in a Legal Vacuum: The Uncertain Legal Landscape for Shared Micro-Mobility." Journal of Law and Mobility, no. 2020 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36635/jlm.2020.innovation.

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The last few years have seen an explosion in the number and size shared micro-mobility systems (“SMMS”) across the United States. Some of these systems have seen extraordinary success and the potential benefit of these systems to communities is considerable. However, SMMS have repeatedly ran into legal barriers that either prevent their implementation entirely, confuse and dissuade potential users, or otherwise limit SMMS’s potential positive impact. This paper reflects a detailed study of state laws relating to SMMS and the platforms commonly used in these systems. The study uncovered many inconsistencies with micro-mobility laws across the country. Currently, many states lack clear definitions for these emerging forms of transportation, which do not otherwise fit neatly in the categories contemplated by existing law. Several states lack clear, state-level policies, which has led to discrepancies between state and local regulations. Further, there are several areas of micro-mobility law that are sharply inconsistent between states. All of these differences leave users confused as to what the law is and may discourage them from riding. A number of states are attempting to remedy inconsistencies and legislative silence by passing and proposing laws that regulate the use of electric bikes (“e-bikes”) and electric scooters (“e-scooters”), but even these efforts are unlikely to bring the consistency that is needed. Federal authorities should act to create uniform laws and work with states to adopt them, otherwise, the lack of a legal infrastructure may threaten to stifle the innovation and undermine SMMS’s promised returns.
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Haryoko, Tri Budi. "THE ROLE OF THE SUMMARY IN SAVING OF CONFUSED OBJECTIVES TO SUPPORT LAW ENFORCEMENT IN A CRIMINAL JURISDICTION SYSTEM." Journal of Correctional Issues 1, no. 2 (May 10, 2018): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52472/jci.v1i2.10.

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This writing aims to discuss the implementation of the duties and functions of management of confiscated objects and booty of the state in the Class I Semarang Sitemap Storage House. One of the core business of the implementation of the RUPBASAN duties and functions is the function of saving the confiscated objects of the state that have been mandated in. This paper will see if there is a gap gap when the function of rescuing confiscated objects mandated by Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Book of Law on Criminal Procedure (KUHAP) and Government Regulation Number 27 of 1983 concerning the Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Code can work well with support and commitment. related law enforcement officials. It was also explained that the storage of confiscated objects and booty of the State in the RUPBASAN aims to guarantee the protection of the safety and security of confiscated objects for the purposes of evidence at the level of investigation, prosecution, and examination in court as well as objects which are otherwise confiscated for the state based on court decisions which has permanent legal force.This paper uses a qualitative approach. The results of the discussion indicate that the implementation of confiscated objects in RUPBASAN is in accordance with the KUHAP mandate. But in its implementation these tasks and functions have not been optimally supported both from internal institutions and related law enforcement institutions.
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Ryu, Jang-Hyun, Fuyuki Ito, Toshihiko Nagamura, Kiyohisa Nakamura, Hiroyuki Furuta, Yutaka Shibata, and Shigeru Itoh. "Excited-state dynamics of normal and doubly N-confused type hexaphyrin derivatives studied by time-resolved fluorescence measurements." Chemical Physics Letters 443, no. 4-6 (August 2007): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2007.06.097.

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43

Peter, Roko Lumi. "Value Chain and Performance in Agro Allied Small and Medium Scale Enterprise in Sokoto State, Nigeria." International Journal of Business and Social Research 6, no. 9 (October 15, 2016): 08. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v6i9.957.

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<p>This study investigates the impact of value chain on the performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. The concept of value chain is too board and some managers are confused on the right value chain activities to choose and apply in their business. Using point time data collected from primary source with the used of questionnaire and applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS) finding reveals that there is significant relation between value chain and performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. Other findings primary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State and secondary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Niger State. Results recommends that Agro SMEs in Sokoto State should continue to improve on primary and secondary activities of value chain since it contributes significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State.</p>
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44

Monolatii, I. S. "BETWEEN INVOLVED POWER AND ACTUAL HUMANITY: A TYPOLOGY OF THE DIPLOMACY OF THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Idea, no. 4(56) (December 26, 2019): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7410-2019-4(56)-7-29.

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The features of foreign policy activity of the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic (WUPR) are investigated in the article. On the basis of modern approaches in the field of international relations theory, 10 types of diplomacy of this Ukrainian state in 1918-1923 were investigated: “quiet” & “protest” diplomacy); “group diplomacy” & “nichte diplomacy”; “diasporic diplomacy” & “multicultural diplomacy”; “enterprises diplomacy” & “regulatory diplomacy”; “summit diplomacy” & “cyber diplomacy”. It is concluded that, although the fundamental principle of unification with Ukraine was taken as the basis of WUPR international legal relations, the problem of powerlessness of diplomacy of this Ukrainian state was the desire of middle and lower level diplomats who confused party interests with national pseudo-actors of policy, that would embody the international prestige of the state.
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Rikard-Bell, Christopher J., and Brent G. H. Waters. "Psychosocial Management of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adolescence." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 1 (March 1992): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209068310.

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The state of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) as abnormal illness behaviour or as biologically determined disease is undecided. The ensuing, often public, debate has confused the community and has led to sharp differences in the therapeutic approach to individual patients. These challenges are compounded when the patient is an adolescent and intergenerational issues enter the picture. Two adolescent cases with different outcomes are presented and the principles of a rehabilitation approach to treatment are outlined which attempt to avoid being drawn into unproductive debates about aetiology.
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46

Pinto, António Costa. "Reply: State, Dictators and Single Parties – Where are the Fascist Regimes?" Contemporary European History 11, no. 3 (July 31, 2002): 462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777302003077.

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This reply to Professor David D. Roberts' comments must begin with a methodological note. My critic quite correctly states that several of the points discussed in my article have little ‘explanatory value’. Within the history and social sciences disciplines typologies and classifications are of inestimable utility, as Roberts will almost certainly point out to his students. However, they cannot be confused with explanatory models. For this latter purpose there exist models of causality and other analytical instruments for use by those who believe that history is a discipline that is much closer to the social sciences than it is to literature – which is in itself a belief that remains far from consensual. The typologies applied to modern political regimes are, fundamentally, descriptive ideal-types that tell us little about why these regimes were institutionalised and consolidated. Put briefly, these typologies serve more to explain the how rather than the why. It just so happens that why fascism ascended to power does not explain very many of the characteristics of its use of power once it was consolidated.
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Junzhang Chen. "Spatial Characteristics Analysis of Cuiwei Historical Area Based on Depthmap Theory." Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research 1, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjsr.v1i3.889.

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Although people can walk out of Cuiwei village, they are always in a confused state, and it is difficult to grasp the spatial form of the whole area. Taking Cuiwei village in Qianshan, Zhuhai as an example, based on the theory of spatial syntax, this paper analyzes the integration degree of ancient village vision and the spatial characteristics of historical location, the understandability degree and integration degree of village vision, the control value of vision and the spatial characteristics of historical location, and puts forward relevant suggestions for the future renewal of villages.
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CARTER, BRYAN D., JOSEPH F. EDWARDS, and GARY S. MARSHALL. "Chronic Fatigue in Children: Illness or Disease?" Pediatrics 91, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.1.163.

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To the Editor.— Recently, Van Aerde1 strongly criticized the study by Smith and colleagues2 on grounds that the authors confused the symptom "chronic fatigue" with "chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)," because many of their patients failed to meet published criteria3 for CFS. In this regard, it is useful to differentiate "illness" from "disease," as recently done by Green and Stuy.4 "Illness" can be viewed as a disvalued change that occurs in a person's state of being, whereas "disease" more specifically refers to a detrimental series of biological or pathogenetic events.
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Flores-Argüelles, Alejandra, Ana Rosa López-Ferrari, Edith González-Rocha, and Adolfo Espejo-Serna. "Pitcairnia abscondita (Pitcairnioideae, Bromeliaceae), a hidden novelty from north-western Jalisco, Mexico." PhytoKeys 189 (February 14, 2022): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.189.76464.

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Pitcairnia absconditasp. nov., known until now only from the Municipalities of Cabo Corrientes, Mascota, Puerto Vallarta, San Sebastián del Oeste and Talpa de Allende in the State of Jalisco, Mexico, is here described and illustrated. The new taxon was confused with P. imbricata for long time, but differs from this species by its green floral bracts with the apex divergent to spreading (vs. red and appressed) and by the appendiculate at the base chartreuse-green petals (vs. not appendiculate yellow petals). Images and a distribution map of the taxa are presented.
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Goedert, James L. "Giant late Eocene marine birds (Pelecaniformes: Pelagornithidae) from northwestern Oregon." Journal of Paleontology 63, no. 6 (November 1989): 939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000036647.

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Fossil bird bones from the late Eocene Keasey Formation and the latest Eocene Pittsburg Bluff Formation in northwestern Oregon are the earliest records of the pelecaniform family Pelagornithidae for the Pacific Basin. These fossils also represent the first late Eocene records of the family from the Northern Hemisphere, the second late Eocene record worldwide, and indicate that these animals were among the largest of flying birds. Unfortunately, the fragmentary condition of these fossils and the currently confused state of pelagornithid systematics prevents the assignment of these specimens to new species at this time.
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