Academic literature on the topic 'Confused state'
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Journal articles on the topic "Confused state"
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Bykova, Valentina I., Alena I. Tyutyukina, Yulia G. Sidneva, and Svetlana A. Valiullina. "A Psychological Portrait of a Teenager in the Posttraumatic Confusional State." Physical and rehabilitation medicine, medical rehabilitation 3, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36425/rehab55330.
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The Russian statistics demonstrate that in Russia, brain injuries are increasing every year what is particularly tragic if to speak about children. After traumatic brain injury (TBI), the process of consciousness restoration develops in stages. In Russian science, stages of mental recovery in adults are described by the neuropsychiatric group of researchers from Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery. The authors have introduced the term amnestic confusion to designate the stage at which there is a possibility to have the verbal contact with amnestic defects and disorders of orientation in time and space. In foreign literature, this stage is defined as post-traumatic state of confused consciousness (PTCS). In children (adolescents), the state of confused consciousness after traumatic brain injury is met in about 80%. The aim of the study was to make a detailed description and phenomenological analysis of some psychological characteristics of the confused state in adolescents after brain injury what will add to the overall picture of medical and neuropsychological examinations. 62 teenagers in the confused consciousness state after TBI were taken into the study. The authors present their observations and analysis of such psychological phenomena as behavioral and emotional characteristics, social intelligence, gender and age identification.
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Tymms, Vijay. "Placing physics undergraduates into a state of confusion: Why we must deliberately perplex learners during their degree course." New Directions in the Teaching of Physical Sciences, no. 10 (June 1, 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/ndtps.v0i10.509.
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In this opinion piece (based on personal teaching experience and independent study of the literature) I outline how we as teachers deliberately confuse our students during their physics degrees. I explain how the passing through this confused state can be thought of as a rite of passage for students, and suggest how a greater awareness of this can assist our teaching.
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Oi, Shizuo. "Hydrocephalus chronology in adults: confused state of the terminology." Critical Reviews in Neurosurgery 8, no. 6 (November 25, 1998): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003290050100.
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Abulof, Uriel. "The Confused Compass: From Self-determination to State-determination." Ethnopolitics 14, no. 5 (August 11, 2015): 488–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2015.1051809.
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Lim, Jong Min, Iti Gupta, Hiroyuki Furuta, and Dongho Kim. "Comparative photophysics of sapphyrin derivatives: effects of confused and fused pyrrole rings." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 15, no. 09n10 (September 2011): 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424611003719.
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We have investigated the photophysical properties of [22] π-conjugated pentapyrrolic systems, sapphyrin, N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins, with a particular focus on the effects of confused and fused pyrrole rings on their electronic structures using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods, two-photon absorption cross-section (σ(2)) measurements and quantum mechanical calculations. The absorption spectra of N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins exhibit relatively red-shifted features compared to sapphyrin. In parallel with these spectral features, the reduced HOMO–LUMO gaps were observed in going from sapphyrin to N-fused sapphyrin. In the analysis of the anisotropy of the induced current density (AICD), N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins show that extra π-electrons in confused and fused pyrrole rings contribute to the extension of their π-conjugation pathways. Slightly larger twophoton absorption cross-section values of N-confused and N-fused sapphyrins (3250 and 3900 GM) than that of sapphyrin (2900 GM) also reflect an enhanced π-conjugation effect due to bicyclic and endocyclic extensions in π-conjugation pathways, respectively. The excited singlet and triplet state lifetimes of N-confused sapphyrin were determined to be 60 ps and 1 μs, respectively, due to conformational change and acceleration of nonradiative decay processes, being in a sharp contrast with those of sapphyrin (2.4 ns and 13 μs, respectively). In the case of N-fused sapphyrin, very short singlet excited-state lifetime of 5 ps was detected probably due to the excited-state NH-tautomerization process which enhances nonradiative decay processes.
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Listernick, Robert. "A 9-Year-Old Boy in a Confused, Sleepy State." Pediatric Annals 38, no. 10 (October 1, 2009): 538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00904481-20090918-07.
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Shaw, Janet L., Samantha J. Doble, James Stewart, and Victor N. Nemykin. "Charged and confused: Meso-tetrakis(p-methoxycarbonyl-phenyl) N-confused porphyrin as a precursor to water soluble variants." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 21, no. 04-06 (April 2017): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424617500158.
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A metal-free meso-tetrakis([Formula: see text]-methoxycarbonylphenyl) N-confused porphyrin (1) was prepared as the precursor for water-soluble derivatives by the reaction between pyrrole, methyl-4-formylbenzoate, and MSA. Tautomeric behavior of the porphyrin 1 in polar and non-polar solvents was probed by [Formula: see text]H NMR, UV-vis, MCD, steady-state fluorescence, and high-resolution ESI methods and was found to be similar to the previously reported metal-free N-confused porphyrins. The electronic structure and the nature of the excited states in 1 were correlated with the results obtained by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations.
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Wang, Qi, Yecai Guo, Yuhui Shen, Shuang Tong, and Hongcan Guo. "Multi-Layer Graph Attention Network for Sleep Stage Classification Based on EEG." Sensors 22, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 9272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239272.
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Graph neural networks have been successfully applied to sleep stage classification, but there are still challenges: (1) How to effectively utilize epoch information of EEG-adjacent channels owing to their different interaction effects. (2) How to extract the most representative features according to confused transitional information in confused stages. (3) How to improve classification accuracy of sleep stages compared with existing models. To address these shortcomings, we propose a multi-layer graph attention network (MGANet). Node-level attention prompts the graph attention convolution and GRU to focus on and differentiate the interaction between channels in the time-frequency domain and the spatial domain, respectively. The multi-head spatial-temporal mechanism balances the channel weights and dynamically adjusts channel features, and a multi-layer graph attention network accurately expresses the spatial sleep information. Moreover, stage-level attention is applied to easily confused sleep stages, which effectively improves the limitations of a graph convolutional network in large-scale graph sleep stages. The experimental results demonstrated classification accuracy; MF1 and Kappa reached 0.825, 0.814, and 0.775 and 0.873, 0.801, and 0.827 for the ISRUC and SHHS datasets, respectively, which showed that MGANet outperformed the state-of-the-art baselines.
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Basin, Michael V. "On Optimal Filtering for Polynomial System States." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 125, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1543174.
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The paper presents the optimal nonlinear filter for quadratic state and linear observation equations confused with white Gaussian disturbances. The general scheme for obtaining the optimal filter in case of polynomial state and linear observation equations is announced.
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MYERS, ALAN A., JIGNESHKUMAR N. TRIVEDI, SWAPNIL GOSAVI, and KAURESH D. VACHHRAJANI. "A new species of genus Parhyale Stebbing, 1897 (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Hyalidae) from Gujarat State, India." Zootaxa 4294, no. 5 (July 21, 2017): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4294.5.8.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Confused state"
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Leigh, Vivienne Margaret. "The effectiveness and harms of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in adults admitted into the intensive care unit after cardiac surgery: a systematic review." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121330.
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Background: Patients who undergo cardiac surgery are at high risk of delirium (incidence: 50-90%), increasing the risk of death and adversely affecting recovery. Clinical interventional trials have been conducted to prevent and treat postoperative delirium pharmacologically including antipsychotics and sedatives. These trials have provided some evidence about efficacy and influenced clinical decision making. However, much reporting is incomplete and provides biased assessments of efficacy; benefits are emphasised while harms are inadequately reported. The purpose of this study was to undertake a systematic review using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology that aimed at identifying and synthesising the best available evidence about the effectiveness and harms of pharmacological interventions in the treatment of delirium in adult intensive care patients after cardiac surgery. Inclusion Criteria: Types of participants: Participants were ≥ 16 years, any gender or ethnicity, who were treated postoperatively in a cardiothoracic intensive care unit (ICU) following cardiac surgery and identified as having delirium. Types of interventions: Any pharmacological intervention for the treatment of delirium was included, regardless of drug classification, dosage or frequency of administration. Types of comparators: Studies that compared any pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in patients who were admitted in the ICU after cardiac surgery. No limitations were placed on drug classification, dosage of the medications or frequency of administration. Types of outcomes: This systematic review examined eleven primary and five secondary outcomes of interest. The primary outcomes of interest included: mortality, duration and severity of delirium, use of physical restraints, quality of life, family members satisfaction with delirium management, duration/severity of the aggressive episode, associated falls, severity of accidental self-harm, pharmacological harms, and harms related to over-sedation. Types of studies: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were considered first and in their absence, non-RCTs and quasi-experimental would have been considered followed by analytical observational studies. Search Strategy: A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases, three clinical trial registers and a database for dissertations and theses as well as a hand search for published primary studies. Methodological quality: Two reviewers assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using standardised critical appraisal instruments from JBI and McMaster University. Data extraction: Quantitative data were extracted using the standardised JBI data extraction tool. A meta-analysis was not performed as there was too much clinical and methodological heterogeneity in the included studies. Results have been presented in a narrative form. Standard GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) evidence assessment of outcomes has been reported. Results: Three RCTs investigating morphine vs haloperidol (n=53), ondansetron vs haloperidol (n=72) and dexmedetomidine vs midazolam (n=80) were included. Overall the methodological quality of these studies was found to be low. There is currently insufficient evidence to confirm or refute the effectiveness of morphine compared with haloperidol, ondansetron compared with haloperidol or dexmedetomidine compared with midazolam for reducing the duration or severity of hyperactive delirium in the postoperative cardiac surgical patient treated in the ICU. Additionally, this review found reporting of harms to be inadequate for all three studies and did not meet the required standards for harms reporting. Conclusions: This review was unable to draw any valid conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the included pharmacological interventions in treating delirium after cardiac surgery. This is due to the low number of studies, the poor methodological quality in conducting and reporting and the heterogeneity between the studies. Implications for practice: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of morphine, ondansetron or dexmedetomidine as effective pharmacological agents in treating delirium. It is imperative that clinicians remain vigilant to the known indications, contraindications and harms of the pharmacological agents that are being administered and to understand the implications of such drugs on cardiac performance in the initial postoperative recovery phase after cardiac surgeryThesis (MClinSc) -- University of Adelaide, The Joanna Briggs Institute, 2019
Books on the topic "Confused state"
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Linklater, Richard. Dazed and confused: An original screenplay. Austin, TX: Really Confused Productions, 1992.
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Stehlin, Dori. Through the bureaucratic jungle: A guide for the confused consumer. [Rockville, Md: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Office of Public Affairs], 1986.
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Linklater, Richard. Dazed and confused: Inspired by the screenplay by Richard Linklater. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993.
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Cassell, Carol. Swept away: Why women confuse love and sex. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
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Clio confused: Troubling aspects of historical study from the perspective of U.S. history. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1995.
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Cassell, Carol. Swept away: Why women confuse love and sex...and how they can have both. New York: Bantam, 1985.
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Alhusseini, Maha, Deepak Garg, Marwan Al-Hajeili, and Pranatharthi H. Chandrasekar. Confused. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199938568.003.0058.
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These case studies illustrate infections encountered in hospitals among patients with compromised immune systems. As a result of immunocompromise, the patients are vulnerable to common and uncommon infections. These cases are carefully chosen to reflect the most frequently encountered infections in the patient population, with an emphasis on illustrations and lucid presentations to explain state-of-the-art approaches in diagnosis and treatment. Common and uncommon presentations of infections are presented while the rare ones are not emphasized. The cases are written and edited by clinicians and experts in the field. Each of these cases highlight the immune dysfunction that uniquely predisposed the patient to the specific infection, and the cases deal with infections in the cancer patient, infections in the solid organ transplant recipient, infections in the stem cell recipient, infections in patients who receive immunosuppressive drugs, and infections in patients with immunocompromise that is caused by miscellaneous conditions.
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Hayes, Justin. Red State/Blue State: The Confused Citizen's Guide to Surviving in the Other America. Adams Media Corporation, 2006.
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Kryzanek, Michael J. Angry Bored Confused. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.
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Okeke, Edward Chukwuemeke. Competing or Conflicting Norms, and Related but Different Doctrine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190611231.003.0005.
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This chapter addresses competing or conflicting norms, as well as the related but different doctrine of Act of State. It examines the various approaches courts employ in dealing with the very contentious issue of whether human rights and jus cogens norms trump the rule of State immunity. The chapter discusses the nature of the Act of State doctrine, including its jurisprudence, applicability and rationale, and exceptions or limitations. The Act of State doctrine, which is sometimes confused with State immunity, is a matter of justiciability, not jurisdiction. The chapter concludes by discussing an analogy between the rule of State immunity and the Act of State doctrine.
Book chapters on the topic "Confused state"
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Votava, Jennie. "Comedy, the Senses, and Social Contagion in Plays Confuted in Five Actions and The Comedy of Errors." In Contagion and the Shakespearean Stage, 25–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14428-9_2.
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Golagha, Mojdeh. "How to Effectively Reduce Failure Analysis Time?" In Ernst Denert Award for Software Engineering 2020, 45–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83128-8_4.
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AbstractDebugging is one of the most expensive and challenging phases in the software development life-cycle. One important cost factor in the debugging process is the time required to analyze failures and find underlying faults. Two types of techniques that can help developers to reduce this analysis time are Failure Clustering and Automated Fault Localization. Although there is a plethora of these techniques in the literature, there are still some gaps that prevent their operationalization in real-world contexts. Besides, the abundance of these techniques confuses the developers in selecting a suitable method for their specific domain. In order to help developers in reducing analysis time, we propose methodologies and techniques that can be used standalone or in a form of a tool-chain. Utilizing this tool-chain, developers (1) know which data they need for further analysis, (2) are able to group failures based on their root causes, and (3) are able to find more information about the root causes of each failing group. Our tool-chain was initially developed based on state-of-the-art failure diagnosis techniques. We implemented and evaluated existing techniques. We built on and improved them where the results were promising and proposed new solutions where needed. The overarching goal of this study has been the applicability of techniques in practice.
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Pelikánová, Irena. "Soutěžní právo, podnik jako subjekt nebo objekt." In Pocta prof. Josefu Bejčkovi k 70. narozeninám, 143–74. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0094-2022-6.
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This article attempts to explain the concept of “undertaking” in European law, especially in the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice. The problem is whether an undertaking should be considered a subject (person) or an object in EU Competition law. My contention is that the Court of Justice confuses these concepts. On the one hand it alleges that only enterprises are subjects but on other hand, it examines the responsibility of the parent company and its subsidiaries inside an enterprise. Companies are the exclusive addressees of the Commission‘s Decisions. The second problem examined concerns decisions imposing joint and several liability for fines on companies inside a liable enterprise. The Court has refused to rule on the division of fines stating that this is the exclusive competence of the national judge. However, national courts have raised many questions regarding competence and applicable law. This contribution also considers the Advocate General’s Opinion in Sumal, in which he states that although the Commission is free to decide who will pay the fine when an enterprise is sanctioned, in the framework of civil responsibility litigation, the national judge can decide that a company not designated in the Commission decision is liable. The judgement Sumal follows the Opinion. My article concludes by raising some theoretical questions relating to the topic.
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"How the Talking Heads Can Be So Confused." In Red State, Blue State, Rich State, Poor State, 24–40. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400832118-003.
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"Introduction: Turkey: Confusing and Confused." In Secularism and State Religio in Modern Turke. I.B.Tauris, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350987975.0004.
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McCargo, Duncan. "Against the State." In Fighting for Virtue, 154–69. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801449994.003.0007.
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This chapter studies the trial of Jon Ungpakorn and his nine codefendants, who were accused of violating national security. Their crime was having entered the compound of the junta-appointed National Legislative Assembly (the NLA: in effect, a puppet parliament) in December of 2007 to stage a peaceful protest that briefly halted proceedings. A group of prominent non-governmental organization (NGO) leaders and civil society activists involved in the protest were later charged with trespass and sedition. Unlike most of the freedom of expression defendants during this period, these defendants were not aligned with the pro-Thaksin redshirt movement: many were in fact well known for their anti-Thaksin views. However, the authorities seemed confused about the aims of the NLA protests, mixing up Jon Ungpakorn with his more radical younger brother Giles Ji Ungpakorn, who had been named on the military's 2010 lom jao organogram. Ultimately, the defendants were found guilty, and their chosen mode of protest was declared illegal by the Supreme Court, in a binding precedent that had major negative ramifications.
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Azzouni, Jody. "Usage Traps in the Language of Iterated Knowledge Attributions." In Attributing Knowledge, 171–205. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197508817.003.0006.
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How we easily slip between metacognitive thought and assertion and ground-floor thought and assertion is illustrated; how, as a result, we easily confuse the two is also illustrated. “Do you know the time?” is often speaker-meant merely as a request for information as opposed to what it literally conveys, a question about the auditor’s knowledge state. Distinctions between having concepts, grasping one’s own concepts, and metacognizing one’s propositional attitudes (in various ways) are distinguished. Why it is so easy to confuse being aware of being in pain and being in pain is explained; that it seems it isn’t possible to be in pain without being aware of it illustrates metacognitive confusions. Similarly, kinds of justifications are distinguished that are often confused, ones that involve metacognition and ones that don’t. How “level confusions” bedevil philosophical arguments is illustrated.
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Unnsteinsson, Elmar. "Edenic Intentionalism." In Talking About, 147–69. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865137.003.0008.
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Abstract This chapter states the essentials of the theory of reference on offer, which is called edenic intentionalism. It consists in a specific account of the relationship between referential competence and the mental state of confusion. Roughly, confusion disrupts the proper or characteristic function of the speech act of singular reference. Crucially, the chapter argues that the disruption is constitutive, in the sense that the locus of malfunction is in the inner constitution of the mechanism of reference as such. It argues that competent speakers acquire sensitivity to the edenic maxim, which states that one should try to avoid being confused about the objects to which one intends to refer. It goes on to argue that confusion in principle corrupts the linguistic evidence speakers produce in making an utterance and, also, that proper names cannot serve their normal function in a group of confused speakers.
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Spiro, Peter J. "Citizenship Deprivation and Statelessness." In Citizenship. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190917302.003.0005.
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What terms are used to describe loss of citizenship? “Expatriation” was the common term used historically to describe loss of citizenship, both when the loss was compelled by a state and when it was voluntary. Expatriation should not be confused with the noun “expatriate,”...
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Barany, Zoltan. "After Colonial Rule in Africa: Ghana, Tanzania, and Botswana." In The Soldier and the Changing State. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691137681.003.0010.
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This chapter focuses on Ghana, Tanzania, and Botswana. During the periods under study here, Ghana experienced intermittent military rule while Tanzania was a socialist state; their armed forces were not committed to democracy and, in Ghana's case, not even to civilian rule. Unlike Ghana, Tanzania was successful in establishing civilian control over the armed forces. Civilian control must not be confused with democratic control, however. In Tanzania, civilian control was unitary, the party-state's domination of the armed forces hardly surprising considering there was no independent legislature, judiciary, or any other political organization free of TANU/CCM control. Tanzania's example demonstrates that civilian control can be successful while incorporating the armed forces into the general political arena. Botswana's situation is similar to Tanzania's insofar as one party has ruled the country since independence, but with the major difference that in Botswana, during the same time period, free elections have been held at regular intervals.
Conference papers on the topic "Confused state"
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Bickovska, Anna. "Metaphoric Associative Cards – Tool for Career Counselling with Long-Term Unemployed." In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.046.
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Topicality of the research is that a significant part of unemployed stay unemployed for a very long time even when the economic situation allows to get employed. This part of society abuses the social security system, misuse the State Employment Agency services. Typically, they are seen by society as less educated, less capable than other groups and they need special assistance in job searching process. The aim of the pilot study was to explore how more creative and skill-oriented methods can be used in career counselling with long-term unemployed. The methodology includes following steps: small group of long-term unemployed (8 women) were asked to reflect on their unemployment and answer 4 questions developed by the author. Questions are covering their opinions on reasons of being unemployed, what kind of a result they want to achieve, what resources they can use and how they are going to feel in case they become employed. Results shows that most participants of the group consider that they can’t find a job because of external obstacles. They mention the State Employment Agency and relatives (families) as resources to use. All respondents were confused answering question about their feelings and cannot name any feeling they might feel getting a job. The results and process of the session show that long-term unemployed have difficulties with soft skills and emotional intelligence.
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Yu, Jing, Yuan Chai, Yujing Wang, Yue Hu, and Qi Wu. "CogTree: Cognition Tree Loss for Unbiased Scene Graph Generation." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/176.
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Scene graphs are semantic abstraction of images that encourage visual understanding and reasoning. However, the performance of Scene Graph Generation (SGG) is unsatisfactory when faced with biased data in real-world scenarios. Conventional debiasing research mainly studies from the view of balancing data distribution or learning unbiased models and representations, ignoring the correlations among the biased classes. In this work, we analyze this problem from a novel cognition perspective: automatically building a hierarchical cognitive structure from the biased predictions and navigating that hierarchy to locate the relationships, making the tail relationships receive more attention in a coarse-to-fine mode. To this end, we propose a novel debiasing Cognition Tree (CogTree) loss for unbiased SGG. We first build a cognitive structure CogTree to organize the relationships based on the prediction of a biased SGG model. The CogTree distinguishes remarkably different relationships at first and then focuses on a small portion of easily confused ones. Then, we propose a debiasing loss specially for this cognitive structure, which supports coarse-to-fine distinction for the correct relationships. The loss is model-agnostic and consistently boosting the performance of several state-of-the-art models. The code is available at: https://github.com/CYVincent/Scene-Graph-Transformer-CogTree.
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Kalkmann, Gabriela Ferreira, Carlos Umberto Pereira, Francisco de Assis Pereira, Débora Moura da Paixão Oliveira, and Nicollas Nunes Rabelo. "Clinical manifestations of chronic subdural hematoma in the elderly: Literature Review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.462.
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Introduction: The clinical manifestations of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) are often confused with other medical entities in the elderly, making their early diagnosis difficult or difficult. Early diagnosis is important, since its prognosis is directly associated with the preoperative neurological state, thus resulting in a worse vital and functional prognosis. Objectives: Report through a literature review the clinical manifestations of CSDH in the elderly population. Methods: Literature review, with the search terms: “Signs and Symptoms”, “Chronic Subdural Hematoma”, Aged, Diagnosis and Prognosis. In which PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane and TripDataBase data platforms were used. The inclusion criteria were: original studies published in any language. Articles in which full reading was prevented were excluded. With the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 110 articles were included in the study. Results: Clinical presentation depends on the location, volume of the hematoma, rapid growth, the location of the CSDH, whether unilateral or bilateral, and the clinical conditions of the patient. Because the forms of clinical presentation of CSDH are variable, it is necessary that health professionals linked to the elderly (geriatrician, psychiatrist, general practitioner) have knowledge of this clinical entity. Conclusions: The recognition of classic forms as well as the identification of risk factors in the elderly favors the timely diagnosis and treatment of CSDH in the elderly population.
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Cheng, Dah Yu. "The Distinction Between the Cheng and STIG Cycles." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90382.
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This paper identifies distinct features of the Cheng Cycle as compared to the steam injected gas turbine, STIG. Development started on the Cheng Cycle in 1974. After eight years of research and testing, the Cheng Cycle was commercialized in 1982. The commercial opportunity came by winning one of the State of California’s Energy Commission sponsored bids at the San Jose State University campus. The first Cheng Cycle power plant was built around the Allison 501KB gas turbine. The project was won on the merit of excellent thermal efficiency with maximum flexibility. It is also the most economical system because it can follow fluctuating electrical and steam loads independently. Financing, licensing and all appropriate permits were completed within one year. It took less than a year to construct and was on line by the end of 1984. Immediately, several distinct features were noticed: (1) the Cheng Cycle boosts power by 70% and efficiency by 40% over the simple cycle, (2) it can follow the electric and steam loads independently, (3) it demonstrated low emission and established 25 ppm NOx as BACT for the San Francisco Bay Area Air Quality District. In 1987, GE introduced their Steam Injected Gas Turbine, STIG, using the LM 2500 and LM 5000, and in the 1990’s GE also introduced the LM1600 version of STIG. The high pressure ratio of those engines resulted in low exhaust temperature. That is not efficient enough to power a steam cycle. Unfortunately, STIG confused some users into thinking that every steam injected gas turbine was a Cheng Cycle. STIG uses the traditional constant pressure waste heat boiler technology. Operation is limited to near full load because low exhaust temperature at partial load would cause dysfunctional heat imbalance in the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The Cheng Cycle, in comparison, adopted a variable pressure HRSG so its operating range extends from idle to full load. This variable pressure HRSG allows full heat recovery, whereas STIG has to limit its operating range to maintain heat transfer balance. This unique HRSG design means that the Cheng Cycle is a thermal feedback cycle. As in any feedback system it could oscillate, in this case the oscillations are between fuel-flow and steam-flow. The Cheng Cycle utilizes digital control technology to the system. The integrated system provides the user with smooth operation and rapid start-up and load change capability.
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Pungu Mwange, Marie-Anne, Fabien Rogister, and Luka Rukonic. "Measuring driving simulator adaptation using EDA." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001489.
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Most research about simulator adaptation focus on driving style and participants' comfort. However, in recent years, there is a growing interest in physiological data analysis as part of the user experience (UX) assessment. Furthermore, the application of machine learning (ML) techniques to those data may allow the automatic detection of stress and cognitive load. Previously, we noticed that new participants in experiments with our simulator were often in a constant state of tension. This prevented optimal training of our ML models as many of the collected data were not representative of a person's normal state.Our work focuses on improving driver's UX by keeping the cognitive load and stress at levels that do not interfere with the primary task of driving. We use a custom-made driving simulator as our testing platform and evaluate participants' emotional state with physiological signals, specifically electrodermal activity (EDA). EDA is the variation of the skin conductance created by sweat glands. It is linked to the sympathetic nervous system and is an indication of physiological and psychological arousal. We selected EDA because several studies have shown that it is a fast indicator of stress and cognitive load.To ensure that we are consistently collecting accurate data that could be fed to ML algorithms, we need to be able to correlate physiological reactions to external stimuli. We want to avoid them to be confused with general tension. Therefore, we need to determine the time it takes for most participants to physiologically adapt to our simulator. In this between-subjects study, we examined the impact of short time (ca. 10 min) exposures to the simulation and compared it with a longer exposure period (ca. 35 min).Another problem we faced was that some participants were too indisposed by driving in the simulator to complete testing sessions. Therefore, we needed to find a way to discriminate them during the recruitment process. Literature has shown that there might be a link between motion sickness and simulator sickness and in this study, we searched for a correlation between the motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (MSSQ) and the self-reported simulator sickness using the simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ).For our investigation, we recruited 22 people through an agency. They were divided in two groups. Group A (short-time exposures) had 10 participants between 25 and 69 years old (M=49.5; SD=17.1, 5 women, 5 men) and group B (long-time exposure) had 12 people between 28 and 65 years old (M=43; SD=12.8, 5 women, 7 men). We requested from the agency to recruit only active drivers of automatic transmissions cars as our simulator mimics this type of vehicle.Motion sickness susceptibility and discomfort felt in the simulator are moderately correlated. The coefficient value is 0.51. The number of participants of our study being small, further research is necessary to determine if the MSSQ can be used as a discriminator in the recruitment phase. In addition, we can conclude that a longer exposure of 35 min results overall in better physiological adaptation.
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Amaral Neto, Antonio Serpa do, Eduarda Jaskulski, Eduardo Martins Leal, Matheus Marquardt, Gabriel de Deus Vieira, and Joana Capano Hawerroth. "Neurotuberculosis with intracerebral tuberculoma and PCR for detectable Mycobacterium in CSF." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.710.
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Introduction: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Objectives: To report a clinical case of neurotuberculosis associated with intracranial tuberculoma with detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF. Methods: Neurotuberculosis is the most serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The main clinical presentation is meningoencephalitis, which may be associated with tuberculomas. The detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by CSF in CSF is still a diagnostic challenge. Results: C. A. G., 45 years old, female, admitted to the hospital in January 2020, presenting holocranial, pulsatile headache, which had worsened for 5 days, with little response to analgesics, associated with an episode of tonic-clonic seizure crisis, without other clinical signs. Previous diagnosis of asthma, using continuously salbutamol and beclomethasone. Examinations were requested - BAAR search for positive sputum, rapid molecular sputum test revealing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, clear-looking CSF, detectable CRP for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, glucose 63, protein 56.3, total cytology 74 (35% neutrophils, 19% lymphocytes , 46% macrophages). The cranial tomography showed a nodular lesion in the corticosubcortical region of the left frontal lobe, with annular enhancement by means of contrast, measuring 3.9 x 3.9 cm, in addition to accentuated meningeal enhancement. Chest tomography showed hollowed-out lesions with thickened walls, with the appearance of a sprouting tree, predominating in the lower lobe of the right lung. The diagnoses of neurotuberculosis (cerebral tuberculoma and meningitis) and pulmonary tuberculosis were then established. Referred to the infectious disease referral hospital using RHZE associated with dexamethasone and phenytoin. After 48 hours of hospitalization, the patient evolved with confusion and mental disorientation, suspecting complex subentrant partial seizures with a confused post-ictal state. A new skull tomography was requested, which showed an expansive lesion with an ovoid aspect 4.5 x 3.3 cm with liquefied content and ring impregnation by means of contrast in the upper left frontal region with mass effect and significant perilesional edema. Electroencephalogram showed disorganized base activity, periodically, sometimes with three-phase morphology, sometimes acute, in both hemispheres, with greater projection to the left and epileptiform activity also in the frontal- temporal region, bilaterally and independently. After therapeutic adjustment, the patient remained clinically stable and was discharged from the hospital with outpatient followup due to infectious diseases and neurology. Conclusion: The case addressed draws attention to the different neurological manifestations observed in neurotuberculosis, such as headache, seizures, confusion and disorientation. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to achieve a favorable outcome.
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Chen, Lei, Muheng Li, Yueqi Duan, Jie Zhou, and Jiwen Lu. "Uncertainty-Aware Representation Learning for Action Segmentation." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/115.
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In this paper, we propose an uncertainty-aware representation Learning (UARL) method for action segmentation. Most existing action segmentation methods exploit continuity information of the action period to predict frame-level labels, which ignores the temporal ambiguity of the transition region between two actions. Moreover, similar periods of different actions, e.g., the beginning of some actions, will confuse the network if they are annotated with different labels, which causes spatial ambiguity. To address this, we design the UARL to exploit the transitional expression between two action periods by uncertainty learning. Specially, we model every frame of actions with an active distribution that represents the probabilities of different actions, which captures the uncertainty of the action and exploits the tendency during the action. We evaluate our method on three popular action prediction datasets: Breakfast, Georgia Tech Egocentric Activities (GTEA), and 50Salads. The experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves the performance with state-of-the-art.
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Ma, Chengqian, Ning Ma, and Xiechong Gu. "Numerical Simulation on Oblique Towing Tests and Pure Yaw Tests of a Containership in Surf-Riding Condition." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-19289.
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Abstract Maneuvering in waves is a complex and critical issue that confuses researchers for the last several decades. Among the existing methods for predicting the maneuverability in waves, the widely-used mathematical model approach (MMG model) is considered to be efficient and accurate in large wavelength and small wave steepness conditions. However, based on the assumption that the maneuvering forces in waves are the same as those in calm water, the wave effect on the hydrodynamic derivatives is neglected in most mathematical model approaches. According to the previous theoretical analysis and experimental data, this assumption is flawed. Therefore, several experiments and some numerical simulations have conducted to research the wave effect on hydrodynamic derivatives. In the present study, oblique towing tests and pure yaw tests will be simulated using the state-of-the-art CFD techniques to obtain the linear hydrodynamic derivatives in waves. The simulation cases in the present study are set according to previous PMM tests of S175 containership in surf-riding conditions. And the simulation results are in good agreement with experimental ones. Based on that, the wave effect on hydrodynamic derivatives is obtained and some discussions are made. Finally, the course stability of the containership on the different relative position of the wave are calculated to analyze the preliminary reason for the broaching-to phenomenon.
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Eftekhari Shahroudi, K. "A Perspective on Future Directions in Intelligent Health Control of Gasturbines and Auxiliaries." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-064.
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Despite their seemingly impressive claims, current products for Condition Monitoring, Diagnostic and Decision Support Systems (CMD&D) do not provide the reliable bottom line information that end users and operators need. Instead they confuse the issue with gigabytes of logged trends, complex cause-effect matrices, fault signatures etc. The term “Intelligent Health Control” here refers to the next generation of such systems which provide usable information on: • the existence and severity of faults; • how their severity will progress with utilization; • how this progress can be influenced or controlled. In this paper the fundamental shortcomings of current approaches are discussed prior to introducing the basics of Intelligent Health Control in terms of fault models and how they can be used to close the diagnostic, prognostic and intelligent control triangle. The industry will unavoidably shift towards an “information centric” view from the currently predominant “data centric” view. Gigabytes of performance trends will no longer be relevant. Instead, reliable bottom line information will be required on how to minimize or control the costs associated with machinery health degradation or faults. In order to keep the discussion real, the current state of the art of enabling technologies are discussed, including: • Open Information Buses; • Adding real time data server functionality to the control system; • Computational Steering, Human-in-the-Loop Optimization (or semi-automatic problem solving); • Fault Models; • Faster than real time simulation; • Neural Nets.
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Didero, Rachele, and Giovanni Maria Conti. "CAPABLE: Engineering, textile, and fashion Collaboration, for citizens' Awareness and Privacy Protection." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001536.
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Many private companies and public bodies in authoritarian and democratic states have joined facial recognition technology, used for various purposes. This situation is due to the general absence of a specific regulation that monitors its use. There is no consensus in society regarding the ethics of this technology. Furthermore, there are many doubts concerning the long-term ethical sustainability of facial recognition and its compliance with the law. A problem that emerges from the use of this technology is its obscurity. We do not know who is responsible for the decision automatically made; we do not know how the data is used by those who collect it, how long this data is kept, who can have access to it, to whom it is sent, and how this is used to create a profile. In addition, facial recognition systems are powered by numerous images collected from the Internet and social media without users' permission: it is, therefore, impossible to trace the origin of the data. Consequently, any citizen could be classified, most likely discriminated against, and become the victim of an algorithm. The boundary between security and control is decidedly blurred: many cameras do not respect the privacy of individuals and often harm human rights when they are used to discriminate, accuse, power, and manipulate people. From this discussion on privacy and human rights, it was born first the desire to create awareness, in particular regarding these technologies and the possible issues linked to them. Secondly, it was born the will to create a product that would be the spokesperson for these concerns and allow citizens to protect themselves. On this basis, a collaboration between fashion, engineering, and textile has developed to produce fabric and then garments, which confuse facial recognition systems in real-time. The technological innovation aims to create a system capable of generating adversarial knitted patches that can confuse the systems that capture biometric data. By integrating an adversarial algorithm into their jacquard motifs, the garments prevent the wearers from being identified, preserving their privacy. The adversarial textile is made with computerized knitting machines. Compared to a printed image, knitwear acquires texture, durability, wearability, and practicability. Furthermore, a knitted fabric allows modifying the single yarn material based on the results and performance we want to obtain. These fabrics have been tested on Yolo, the fastest and most advanced algorithm for real-time object recognition. The project was born in New York in 2019; the first experiments with computerized knitting machines were carried out at the Politecnico di Milano in January 2020. The textile was developed in the workshops of the Shenkar College of Tel Aviv. On February 8, 2021, the patent of the industrial process to produce the adversarial knitted textile was filed, with the patronage of the Politecnico di Milano. Today, the research on this fabric and these thematics has carried on within a Ph.D. that combines human-centric design and engineering.