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Journal articles on the topic 'Confluence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Imhoff, Kurt S., and Andrew C. Wilcox. "Coarse bedload routing and dispersion through tributary confluences." Earth Surface Dynamics 4, no. 3 (2016): 591–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-4-591-2016.

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Abstract. Sediment routing fundamentally influences channel morphology and the propagation of disturbances such as debris flows. The transport and storage of bedload particles across headwater channel confluences, which may be significant nodes of the channel network in terms of sediment routing, morphology, and habitat, are poorly understood, however. We investigated patterns and processes of sediment routing through headwater confluences by comparing them to published results from lower-gradient confluences and by comparing the dispersive behavior of coarse bedload particles between headwate

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2

Bilal, Ahmed, Qiancheng Xie, and Yanyan Zhai. "Flow, Sediment, and Morpho-Dynamics of River Confluence in Tidal and Non-Tidal Environments." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (2020): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080591.

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River confluences are the key features of the drainage basins, as their hydrological, geomorphological, and ecological nature strongly influences the downstream river characteristics. The river reaches near the coastal zones, which also makes them under the influence of tidal currents in addition to their runoff. This causes a bi-directional flow and makes the study of confluences more interesting and complex in these areas. There is a reciprocal adjustment of flow, sediment, and morphology at a confluence, and its behaviors, differ greatly in tidal and non-tidal environments. Existing studies

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St. Pierre Ostrander, Théo, Thomé Kraus, Bruno Mazzorana, et al. "Limited effect of the confluence angle and tributary gradient on Alpine confluence morphodynamics under intense sediment loads." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 5 (2024): 1607–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-1607-2024.

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Abstract. Confluences are dynamic morphological nodes that are found in all river networks. In mountain regions, they are influenced by hydraulic and sedimentary processes that occur in steep channels during extreme events in small watersheds. Sediment transport in the tributary channel and aggradation in the confluence can be massive, potentially causing overbank flooding and sedimentation into adjacent settlement areas. Previous works dealing with confluences have mainly focused on lowland regions, and those that have focused on mountain areas have used sediment concentrations and channel gr

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4

Suryadi, Yadi, Ruth Helena Siregar, Dhemi Harlan, and I. Putu Samskerta. "Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Modeling at Lower Citarum and Cibeet River Confluence West Java." JURNAL TEKNIK HIDRAULIK 15, no. 1 (2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32679/jth.v15i1.727.

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Flooding and changes in riverbed morphology often become issues near river confluences, as observed at the confluence of Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers. This study aims to analyze the cross-sectional capacity and riverbed changes around the confluence of Citarum Hilir and Cibeet Rivers. This study utilizes 1D numerical modeling MIKE 11 with Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Modules. The hydrodynamic modeling inputs are river network and cross-sectional profiles. Hydrographs with return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years are used as upstream boundaries, and a discharge curve is used as the do

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5

Chen, Sihan, Yingjin Li, Zhong Tian, and Qiang Fan. "On Dam-Break Flow Routing in Confluent Channels." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (2019): 4384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224384.

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The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effecti

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6

van Rooijen, Erik, Erik Mosselman, Kees Sloff, and Wim Uijttewaal. "The Effect of Small Density Differences at River Confluences." Water 12, no. 11 (2020): 3084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113084.

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Remarkable 3D flow structures occur at river confluences with small density differences due to differences in sediment concentration or temperature. We explain these by comparing numerical simulations for an idealized confluence with aerial photographs of several river confluences where color differences express the pattern of density differences at the surface. We analyzed numerical simulations of the Rio Negro–Solimões confluence near Manaus, Brazil, in more detail. The numerical model of the idealized confluence showed that the dense water flowed under the light water and the light water ov

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7

Đorđević, Dejana. "Numerical study of 3D flow at right-angled confluences with and without upstream planform curvature." Journal of Hydroinformatics 15, no. 4 (2012): 1073–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.150.

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The purpose of this paper is to study the individual and combined effect of upstream planform curvature and difference in bed elevations at the tributary entrance to the confluence on the flow in the confluence hydrodynamics zone. To do this, flow at right-angled confluences with three planforms and four values of bed elevation discordance ratio (ΔzT/hd) is simulated using a three-dimensional (3D) numerical model. Three confluence planforms include confluences with the (1) straight tributary canal (SC), (2) right bend (RB) and (3) left bend (LB) in the tributary. Four ΔzT/hd values in the rang

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8

Wu, Szu-Hsien, Yu-Ting Liao, Chi-Han Huang, Yi-Chou Chen, En-Rung Chiang, and Jung-Pan Wang. "Comparison of the Confluence-Initiated Neurogenic Differentiation Tendency of Adipose-Derived and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Biomedicines 9, no. 11 (2021): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111503.

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Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), which tended to neurogenically differentiate spontaneously after achieving high confluence, were observed. Human ADSCs reaching 80% confluence were cultured in DMEM without an inducing factor for 24 h and then maintained in DMEM plus 1% FBS medium for 7 days. The neurogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic genes of the factor-induced and confluence-initiated differentiation of the ADSCs and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) at passages 3 to 5 were determined and compared using RT-qPCR, and the neurogenic differentiation was confirmed

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9

Bergeron, Normand, and André G. Roy. "Les effets d’un embâcle sur la morphologie du lit d’une confluence de cours d’eau." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 42, no. 2 (2007): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032725ar.

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RÉSUMÉLa morphologie du lit aux confluences est particulièrement sensible aux changements dans le rapport des débits entre les tributaires. En milieu nordique, les embâcles de glace situés en amont des confluences peuvent modifier les débits des tributaires et ainsi affecter les conditions hydrauliques de la confluence. Au printemps 1986, nous avons observé les effets d'un embâcle sur la morphologie du lit d'une confluence située dans le bassin du ruisseau du Sud, en Estrie, au Québec (45°20'N, 7V20'W). La formation de l'embâcle et sa rupture ont entraîné l'accumulation d'un banc graveleux à l

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10

Cosmo, Roberto Di, and Delia Kesner. "Simulating expansions without expansions." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 4, no. 3 (1994): 315–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129500000505.

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We add extensional equalities for the functional and product types to the typed λ-calculus with, in addition to products and terminal object, sums and bounded recursion (a version of recursion that does not allow recursive calls of infinite length). We provide a confluent and strongly normalizing (thus decidable) rewriting system for the calculus that stays confluent when allowing unbounded recursion. To do this, we turn the extensional equalities into expansion rules, and not into contractions as is done traditionally. We first prove the calculus to be weakly confluent, which is a more comple

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11

Kafle, Akinchan, Bidur Adhikari, Rajani Shrestha, and Nirju Ranjit. "Anatomic Variations of the Right Hepatic Duct: Results and Surgical Implications From a Cadaveric Study." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 17, no. 01 (2019): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v17i01.2012.

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Background: Right hepatic duct, formed by the confluence of the anterior and posterior right sectorial ducts, joins left hepatic duct to form common hepatic duct. This fashion of confluence does not prevail in all cases. The sectorial ducts can aberrantly meet left duct and rest of the ducts from the left lobe of liver. Presence of such variation imposes clinical importance during peri-hilar, split liver transplant surgery or cholecystectomy. Nepalese population has not been explored before disregarding clinical necessity as MRI or cholangiography. Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study wa

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12

Nelson, Heather B., and Hengli Tang. "Effect of Cell Growth on Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Replication and a Mechanism of Cell Confluence-Based Inhibition of HCV RNA and Protein Expression." Journal of Virology 80, no. 3 (2006): 1181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.3.1181-1190.2006.

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ABSTRACT An intimate relationship between hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and the physiological state of the host liver cells has been reported. In particular, a highly reproducible and reversible inhibitory effect of high cell density on HCV replication was observed: high levels of HCV RNA and protein can be detected in actively growing cells but decline sharply when the replicon cells reach confluence. Arrested cell growth of confluent cells has been proposed to be responsible for the inhibitory effect. Indeed, other means of arresting cell growth have also been shown to inhibit HCV repl

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13

Pouchoulin, Sébastien, Emmanuel Mignot, Nicolas Rivière, and Jérôme Le Coz. "Numerical simulations on mixing of passive scalars in river confluences." E3S Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 05019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184005019.

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The study deals with the mixing of passive scalars (such as pollutants) in open-channel confluences when the two inflows exhibit different concentrations. The dispersion of such passive scalars is investigated through the analysis of the processes enhancing the mixing in the confluence in order to estimate the length for complete mixing Lm in the downstream branch. The aim of this study is then to establish a correlation between this length for complete mixing Lm and characteristics of the confluence, namely its angle and two hydrodynamic parameters that are the momentum ratio M* of the inflow

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14

Martone, Ivo, Carlo Gualtieri, and Theodore Endreny. "Characterization of Hyporheic Exchange Drivers and Patterns within a Low-Gradient, First-Order, River Confluence during Low and High Flow." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030649.

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Confluences are nodes in riverine networks characterized by complex three-dimensional changes in flow hydrodynamics and riverbed morphology, and are valued for important ecological functions. This physical complexity is often investigated within the water column or riverbed, while few studies have focused on hyporheic fluxes, which is the mixing of surface water and groundwater across the riverbed. This study aims to understand how hyporheic flux across the riverbed is organized by confluence physical drivers. Field investigations were carried out at a low gradient, headwater confluence betwee

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15

Vestena, Leandro Redin, and Alessandro Kominecki. "Hidrogeomorfologia em confluência fluvial obtusa, Guarapuava, Paraná." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 4 (2021): 2131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.4.p2131-2148.

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Solid and liquid mixtures in river courses intensify in areas of river confluence, conditioned mainly by the angular opening of the junction. Knowledge of hydrosedimentological dynamics in bedrock junctions with different angular openings is essential for understanding morphological adjustment at confluences and for supporting actions for the preservation and conservation of river ecosystems. For this reason, this article presents the results of a hydrogeomorphologic study on a river confluence with an obtuse junction angle (>100º), in a plateau bedrock river, in the Serra Geral Formation.

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16

Lv, Xianli, and Zhongxue Wu. "Anatomic variations of internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus and its confluence pattern: Implications in inferior petrosal sinus catheterization." Interventional Neuroradiology 21, no. 6 (2015): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425915590067.

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Objective The purpose of this study is to describe anatomic variations of the internal jugular vein (IJV), inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) and their confluence pattern and implications in IPS catheterization. The anatomic route of IPS after going out of the cranium and its confluence patterns with IJV and will supply knowledge about typing of IPS-IJV junction. Method A review of the literature was performed. Results There might be different routes for entering the intracranial segment of the IPS and multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) is effective in identifying the confluences of the I

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17

BAILLEUX, Anne, Dominique WENDUM, François AUDUBERT, et al. "Cytosolic phospholipase A2-p11 interaction controls arachidonic acid release as a function of epithelial cell confluence." Biochemical Journal 378, no. 2 (2004): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20031014.

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Madin–Darby canine kidney type II cells were shown to release low amounts of AA (arachidonic acid) and prostaglandin E2 in response to various stimuli when analysed after cell confluence. In contrast, non-confluent Madin–Darby canine kidney type II cells released much higher amounts of AA and prostaglandin E2. In both stationary and non-confluent cells, AA was released by type IV cPLA2 (cytosolic phospholipase A2), as shown by the use of specific inhibitors and by analysis of the profile of fatty acids released. This confluence-dependent cPLA2 activation was not due to a difference in expressi

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18

Chandler‐Olcott, Kelly, and Kathleen A. Hinchman. "Confluence." Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy 64, no. 4 (2021): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jaal.1132.

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19

Gilliam, Angela M. "Confluence." Latin American Perspectives 41, no. 4 (2014): 164–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x14524362.

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20

Carr, David. "Confluence." Curator: The Museum Journal 51, no. 3 (2008): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2151-6952.2008.tb00310.x.

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21

KMT, Joy. "Confluence." Callaloo 42, no. 1 (2024): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2024.a935717.

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22

Soska, Tracy M., and Alice K. Johnson. "Confluence." Journal of Community Practice 12, no. 3-4 (2004): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j125v12n03_15.

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23

Corso, Paola. "Confluence." International Feminist Journal of Politics 9, no. 4 (2007): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616740701607952.

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24

Quetchenbach, B. "Confluence." Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment 21, no. 4 (2014): 906–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isle/isu090.

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25

K, Marianne. "Confluence." Scientific American 328, no. 5 (2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0523-24.

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26

HAEMMERLÉ, RÉMY. "Diagrammatic confluence for Constraint Handling Rules." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 12, no. 4-5 (2012): 737–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068412000270.

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AbstractConfluence is a fundamental property of Constraint Handling Rules (CHR) since, as in other rewriting formalisms, it guarantees that the computations are not dependent on rule application order, and also because it implies the logical consistency of the program declarative view. In this paper we are concerned with proving the confluence of non-terminating CHR programs. For this purpose, we derive from van Oostrom's decreasing diagrams method a novel criterion on CHR critical pairs that generalizes all preexisting criteria. We subsequently improve on a result on the modularity of CHR con

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27

Ishibe, Shuta, J. Erika Haydu, Akashi Togawa, Arnaud Marlier та Lloyd G. Cantley. "Cell Confluence Regulates Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Stimulated Cell Morphogenesis in a β-Catenin-Dependent Manner". Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, № 24 (2006): 9232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01312-06.

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ABSTRACT Following organ injury, morphogenic epithelial responses can vary depending on local cell density. In the present study, the role of cell confluence in determining the responsiveness of renal epithelial cells to the dedifferentiating morphogenic signals of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was examined. Increasing confluence resulted in a greater tendency of cells to organize into epithelial tubes and a significant decrease in migratory responsiveness to HGF. Analysis of downstream signaling revealed that the HGF receptor c-Met was equally activated in confluent and nonconfluent cells fo

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Selokar, N. L., A. George, A. P. Saha, et al. "59 SYNCHRONIZATION OF CELL CYCLE STAGE OF BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS) FETAL FIBROBLAST CELLS BY DIFFERENT TREATMENTS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab59.

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Cell cycle stage of donor cells significantly influences the cloning efficiency during SCNT. Donor cells in G1/G0 stage have better capability to undergo nuclear reprogramming following transfer to an unfertilized oocyte. The lack of availability of cells synchronized at G1/G0 stage is one of the major factors limiting cloning efficiency in buffalo. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of various methods for cell cycle synchronization of buffalo fetal ﬁbroblast cells for SCNT. Cells isolated from fetus, 2 to 3 months old, were cultured in DMEM + 10% FBS. The primary culture was su

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Liu, Alice, and Christopher J. Ng. "Quantitative analysis of Weibel-Palade bodies." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (2022): e0278044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278044.

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Weibel Palade bodies (WPBs) are vesicles found in endothelial cells which carry the multimeric protein von Willebrand factor (VWF). As cellular confluency has been shown to influence the number of WPBs in endothelial cells, we propose to test two methods of attaining endothelial cell confluence to inform on the relevancy of cellular culture methods when analyzing endothelial WPBs. We test these cellular culture methods in two endothelial cell types, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs). One method maintains a constant incubation time of 9

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Imhoff, K. S., and A. C. Wilcox. "Coarse bedload routing and dispersion through tributary confluences." Earth Surface Dynamics Discussions 3, no. 4 (2015): 1509–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurfd-3-1509-2015.

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Abstract. Sediment routing fundamentally influences channel morphology and propagation of disturbances. However, the transport and storage of bedload particles in headwater channel confluences, which may be significant nodes of the channel network in terms of sediment routing, morphology, and habitat, is poorly understood. To characterize routing processes through confluences of headwater channels, we investigate how sediment routing patterns through headwater confluences compare to those described in low-gradient gravel bed river systems, and how confluences affect the dispersive behavior of

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Gazi, Md Yousuf, Himel Roy, Md Bodruddoza Mia, and Syed Humayun Akhter. "Assessment of Morpho-Dynamics through Geospatial Techniques within the Padma-Meghna and Ganges-Jamuna River Confluences, Bangladesh." KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information 70, no. 3 (2020): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42489-020-00051-2.

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Abstract Bangladesh is a low-lying riverine country with the mighty Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) major river system including their abundant tributaries and distributaries. Land erosion–accretion is a very common phenomenon in this riverine country. This process extensively erodes huge productive landmasses at the river confluence zones every year. The main objective of this study was to understand the confluence morpho-dynamics and identify the vulnerable areas near the Padma–Meghna Confluence (PMC) and Ganges–Jamuna confluence (GJC) due to confluence shifting and erosion–accretion phenome

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Unde, Maya G., and Subash Dhakal. "Sediment characteristics at river confluences: a case study of the Mula-Kas confluence, Maharashtra, India." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 33, no. 2 (2009): 208–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133309338655.

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River bed and floodplain sediments are a direct reflection of river channel processes. This paper examines sediment transfer processes at river junctions, using as a case study the River Kas, a tributary of the River Mula, Godavari basin, Maharashtra, India. The study uses four cross-sections, two from upstream tributaries, one in the main confluence zone, and one downstream. Sediment samples are collected from each cross-section and adjacent banks. To understand the tributary impact on the main channel, variations in sand, silt and clay percentages and variations in the shape of sediment part

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Rao, M. R. K. Krishna. "Relating confluence, innermost-confluence and outermost-confluence properties of term rewriting systems." Acta Informatica 33, no. 5 (1996): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036465.

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Krishna Rao, M. R. K. "Relating confluence, innermost-confluence and outermost-confluence properties of term rewriting systems." Acta Informatica 33, no. 6 (1996): 595–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002360050060.

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Ofori, Jones K., Helena A. Malm, Ines G. Mollet, Lena Eliasson, and Jonathan Lou S. Esguerra. "Confluence does not affect the expression of miR-375 and its direct targets in rat and human insulin-secreting cell lines." PeerJ 5 (June 28, 2017): e3503. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3503.

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MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs, which negatively regulate the expression of target genes. They have emerged as important modulators in beta cell compensation upon increased metabolic demand, failure of which leads to reduced insulin secretion and type 2 diabetes. To elucidate the function of miRNAs in beta cells, insulin-secreting cell lines, such as the rat insulinoma INS-1 832/13 and the human EndoC-βH1, are widely used. Previous studies in the cancer field have suggested that miRNA expression is influenced by confluency of adherent cells. We therefore aimed to investigate whether one o

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Rybak, Nazar, and Lidiya Dubis. "FEATURES OF RIVER CONFLUENCE NODE FUNCTIONING IN THE SUKIL RIVER BASIN." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 57, no. 2 (2024): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.24.2.5.

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The article studies three largest confluences of rivers in the Sukil basin for 1880-2021 period. The morphodynamic types of confluences have been determined, and the analysis of their displacements has been conducted; influence of the geological and geomorphological structure on the patterns of their functioning has been determined. Key words: river confluence, functioning, morphodynamics, the Sukil river, river channel.

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Chen, Xue, David Z. Zhu, and Peter M. Steffler. "Secondary currents induced mixing at channel confluences." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 44, no. 12 (2017): 1071–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2016-0228.

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Channel confluence is a common feature in river systems. The flow dynamics associated with channel confluence are highly three-dimensional with strong flow circulations and secondary currents and can result in enhanced river mixing downstream. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model was employed to estimate the secondary currents induced streamline curvatures and the resulting mixing rate at channel confluences with different junction angles and discharge ratios. The results show that while twin secondary circulations are found at channel confluence, their contribution to the mixing

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Thornbrugh, Darren J., and Keith B. Gido. "Influence of spatial positioning within stream networks on fish assemblage structure in the Kansas River basin, USA." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 1 (2010): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-169.

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We found that riverine confluences had localized effects (within 20 km) on stream fish assemblages of the Kansas River basin. The majority of variation in fish assemblages occurred from east to west and along a stream size gradient. After controlling for the influences of longitude and stream size, distance of sample sites from streams ≥ 5th order accounted for a small proportion of taxonomic variability. However, species richness was significantly higher and assemblage structure was different in tributary stream segments directly connected to larger-ordered streams, suggesting that the effect

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Martin-Moreta, Pedro, Susana Lopez-Querol, and Juan P. Martín-Vide. "Sediment Transport Capacity in a Gravel-Bed River with a Sandy Tributary." CivilEng 4, no. 4 (2023): 1214–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng4040067.

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Bedload transport in a river is a deeply analyzed problem, with many methodologies available in the literature. However, most of the existing methods were developed for reaches of rivers rather than for confluences and are suitable for a particular type of material, which makes them very inaccurate in cases where the sediments are comprised of a mix of different types of soil. This study considers the effect of two different bed sediment sizes, gravel and sand, in relation to bed load transport in a confluence. Five well-known and validated equations (namely Meyer-Peter and Müller, Parker + En

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Li, Kun, Saiyu Yuan, Chaoqun Li, et al. "Density effects on the hydrodynamics and mixing at a large confluence with a compound channel tributary." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2865, no. 1 (2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2865/1/012001.

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Abstract Confluences are marked by converging streamlines, complex hydrodynamics features and mixing processes. Understanding such intricate flow patterns and their effects on the mixing at natural river junctions is difficult, particularly for large confluences with a compound channel tributary, due to the scarcity of field data. This research aims to assess the effects of density differences on hydrodynamics and mixing at the large river confluence between the Yangtze River and its tributary, the Poyang Lake, whose outflow channel has a large inner-side floodplain. Field data were collected

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Barbeau, Solène, Alexandre Joushomme, Yann Chappe, et al. "Cell Confluence Modulates TRPV4 Channel Activity in Response to Hypoxia." Biomolecules 12, no. 7 (2022): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12070954.

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Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a polymodal Ca2+-permeable channel involved in various hypoxia-sensitive pathophysiological phenomena. Different tools are available to study channel activity, requiring cells to be cultured at specific optimal densities. In the present study, we examined if cell density may influence the effect of hypoxia on TRPV4 activity. Transiently TRPV4-transfected HEK293T cells were seeded at low or high densities corresponding to non-confluent or confluent cells, respectively, on the day of experiments, and cultured under in vitro normoxia or hypoxia.

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Liu, Xiaodong, Lingqi Li, Zulin Hua, Qile Tu, Ting Yang, and Yuan Zhang. "Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 4 (2019): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040572.

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River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area, and a well-designed flume was established based on the extracted water system features. Hydrodynamically, in the Y-shaped confluence channel the flow velocity was easy to separate at the confluence, and a low flow velocity region appeared in the two branches. The spiral flow mainly flowed counterc

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MIZUSHIMA, J., and Y. KAWAGUCHI. "Transitions of flow past a row of square bars." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 405 (February 25, 2000): 305–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112099007399.

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Transitions of flow past a row of square bars placed across a uniform flow are investigated by numerical simulations and the bifurcation analysis of the numerical results. The flow is assumed two-dimensional and incompressible. It is already known that jets coming through gaps between square bars are independent of each other when the pitch-to-side-length ratio of the row is large, whereas the confluence of two or three jets occurs due to a first pitchfork bifurcation from the flow with independent jets when the pitch-to-side-length ratio is small. It is found that confluence of four jets occu

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Sasak, W. V., H. A. Buller, and R. Reinhold. "Biosynthetic precursor (214 kDa) of apolipoprotein B-48 is not secreted by Caco-2 cells and normal human intestine." Biochemical Journal 264, no. 2 (1989): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2640365.

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The synthesis and secretion of apolipoprotein B (apo B) was studied in a human colon carcinoma (Caco-2) cell line and in explants from normal human intestine. In Caco-2 cells, the specific activity of the intestinal disaccharidases maltase, sucrase-isomaltase and lactase was enhanced 8-, 6- and 3-fold respectively, at 19 days post-confluence as compared with 1-day-post-confluence cultures. The level of apo B secreted into the medium increased from undetectable in the cells just reaching confluency, to 115 ng/ml at 18 days post-confluence. The presence of apo B-100 and apo B-48 with mobilities

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Wooffitt, Robin. "Poetic confluence." Journal of Anomalous Experience and Cognition 2, no. 1 (2022): 80–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.31156/jaex.23818.

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This paper is an exploratory sociological analysis of poetic confluence, a spontaneous telepathic phenomenon that occurs in everyday social interaction. In poetic confluence, one person’s talk exhibits an enigmatic relationship to another’s unstated thoughts or imagery at that moment. The analyses draw from an empirical approach called Conversation Analysis, a formal qualitative method for the analysis of naturally occurring interaction in everyday life. In Conversation Analysis, talk-in-interaction is analyzed as coordinated and sequentially organized action. The focus on the action orientati

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Omhovère, Claire. "Confluence. Introduction." Commonwealth Essays and Studies 40, no. 2 (2018): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ces.279.

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Smith, Edward W. L. "Exploring Confluence." Journal of Couples Therapy 1, no. 1 (1990): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j036v01n01_03.

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Burt, SusanMeredith. "Maxim confluence." Journal of Pragmatics 34, no. 8 (2002): 993–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-2166(01)00041-8.

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Gutiérrez, Raúl, Salvador Lucas, and Miguel Vítores. "Proving Confluence in the Confluence Framework with CONFident." Fundamenta Informaticae 192, no. 2 (2024): 167–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-242192.

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This article describes the confluence framework, a novel framework for proving and disproving confluence using a divide-and-conquer modular strategy, and its implementation in CONFident. Using this approach, we are able to automatically prove and disprove confluence of Generalized Term Rewriting Systems, where (i) only selected arguments of function symbols can be rewritten and (ii) a rather general class of conditional rules can be used. This includes, as particular cases, several variants of rewrite systems such as (context-sensitive) term rewriting systems, string rewriting systems, and (co

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Fernandes, João Nuno, and Leila Alizadeh. "Sedimentation Pattern as a Response to Hydrodynamics in a Near-Symmetric River Confluence." Sustainability 17, no. 9 (2025): 3790. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17093790.

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River confluences are dynamic zones where hydrodynamic interactions between tributary flows—varying in velocity, direction, and sediment concentration—can significantly alter hydro morphology. These changes feature substantial consequences for the stability of riverbanks, nearby hydraulic structures, and the surrounding environment. This paper investigates flow mechanisms and sediment dynamics in a symmetric 50° confluence through laboratory experiments on a scaled physical model of a real confluence located on Madeira Island, Portugal. Acoustic Doppler velocity measurements were used to analy

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