Relevant bibliographies by topics / Conflict

Academic literature on the topic 'Conflict'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Conflict"

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Sverdlik, Noga. "The Content of Internal Conflicts: A Personal Values Perspective." European Journal of Personality 26, no. 1 (January 2012): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.814.

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This paper highlights the importance of considering two facets of the content of internal conflicts: The concrete subject theme of the conflict and the abstract motivations that people perceive as being conflicted (e.g. values implicated in the conflict). The paper demonstrates how personal value priorities contribute to the understanding of internal conflicts. In two studies I examined the relationship between values and the content of internal conflicts. In Study 1 ( N = 250), students described a central conflict that they were experiencing and analysed the values they perceived as opposing in their conflict. Results indicated that the reported conflicts were usually between values not conceptualized as motivationally opposite to each other. Furthermore, personal value priorities were related to the values implicated in the conflict both directly and indirectly by their effect on the themes of the conflicts. In Study 2 ( N = 230), working parents analysed the values they perceive as coming in conflict in two work–family dilemmas. Findings supported the premise that values explain individual differences in the motivational meaning attributed to a conflict even when the conflict theme is held constant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Suliatin, Suliatin. "The role of communication in conflict: A case study at pt. Liek motor." Jurnal Komunikasi Profesional 5, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 516–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jkp.v5i6.4241.

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This study focuses on the role of communication in mediating conflict in organizations. Data were obtained by observing and documenting a case on organization conflict that occurred at PT. Liek Motor Indrapura Surabaya. This study is a descriptive qualitative study using Blake & Mouton's theory of conflict management and Thomas & Kilmann's managerial grid theory to understand conflict and its solutions in the organization. The results of the study find that communication serves as the best approach in resolving and mediating conflicts in organizations. Through communication, conflicted parties determine the best solution to mediate their interests. Thus, this study proves that communication can function as the best media in conflict management because it is not only able to mediate and resolve the conflicts but also able to prevent other conflicts occur in the organization.
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Koibichuk, Vitaliia, Henryk Dzwigol, and Svitlana Stenko. "Conflict Management in Health Care Institutions." Health Economics and Management Review 2, no. 4 (2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/hem.2021.4-07.

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Conflicts negatively affect the teamwork atmosphere. They lead to a deterioration of the psychological microclimate and reduce employability and deteriorate workers’ health. The authors noted that conflicts arise from different points of view, interests, manners, and management styles of conflict parties. Thus, an essential skill of any health care leader is the ability to prevent conflicts, reduce their negative consequences, resolve disputes, and create an atmosphere of mutual intelligibility. This study is devoted to conducting theoretical and practical research on conflict management in healthcare to form proposals for reducing the conflict level in healthcare institutions. The research uses methods of a systematic approach, sociological survey, testing, questionnaires, systematization, comparison, and logical generalization. The practical analysis of the conflict management process was carried out in the municipal non-profit enterprise of the Sumy Regional Council «Regional Diagnostic Center in Shostka». The study sample consists of ten doctors and ten nurses. This study conducted the following questionnaires: «Are you a conflicted person?»; «Assessment of patients’ conflict personality»; «Assessment of personality conflict»; «Assessment of balance in conflicts and propensity to nervous breakdowns», K. Thomas’ test «Identification of behaviors in conflict situations», A. Asinger’s methods of diagnosing aggression in the relationship. The findings showed that nurses are characterized by a higher level of personal conflict than doctors. Besides, in most conflict situations, health professionals prefer cooperation as a tactic of negotiation in conflicts. However, a third of conflict situations are characterized by the parties’ «opposition». The results showed that the most common conflict situations are the doctor-doctor and nurse-nurse. Conflicts between doctor-patient and nurse-patient occurred approximately equally. 75% of respondents indicated an average level of aggression. Based on the obtained results, to prevent and reduce the number of conflicts in health care institutions, the authors emphasized the importance of counseling and psychological work to resolve disputes, creating conditions for positive psychological relations between health professionals and patients, active use of information, communication, social-psychological, organizational technologies of conflict management.
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Kebriaei, Ali, Fatemeh Abedizadeh, and Teyebehsadat Sharifian. "Study on the Conflicts between Work and Family at the Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 74 (November 2016): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.74.48.

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With both professional and personal responsibilities, employees often conflict when reconciling the demands of family and work. The study aimed to investigate whether work to family conflict experienced by employees of Kashan University of medical sciences differed from family to work conflict.A cross sectional study was carried out in 2014. A random sample of 202 employees in the four schools affiliated with Kashan University of medical sciences located in central of Iran was selected and responded to items of the questionnaires using a 7-point Likert scale. Work-family conflict was measured using Carlson et al.’s 18 items scale. Higher values indicate higher levels of work to family conflict and family to work conflict. Analysis was carried out using SPSS 16.Employees experienced work-family conflict in the two directions. Work to family conflict with mean of 31.5510.68 was significantly (t=9.87, P<0.001) more than family to work conflict with 25.588.77. They experienced different time-, strain-, and behavior-based work to family conflicts than time-, strain-, and behavior-based family to work conflicts (P<0.01).Work to family conflict was more than family to work conflict. Therefore, University authorities should try to improve working conditions through changing the working culture and re-looking into their work structure and employment policies to moderate the experience of work to family conflicts encountered by the employees.
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Todorova, Gergana, Kenneth Tohchuan Goh, and Laurie R. Weingart. "The effects of conflict type and conflict expression intensity on conflict management." International Journal of Conflict Management 33, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-03-2021-0042.

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Purpose This paper aims to add to the current knowledge about conflict management by examining the relationships between conflict type, conflict expression intensity and the use of the conflict management approach. Design/methodology/approach The authors test theory-based hypotheses using a field study of new product development teams in an interdisciplinary Masters program (Study 1) and an experimental vignette study (Study 2). Findings Results show that people are more likely to respond to task conflict and conflicts expressed with less intensity using collectivistic conflict management approaches (i.e. problem-solving, compromising and yielding), and to relationship conflicts and conflicts expressed with higher intensity through forcing, an individualistic conflict management approach. Information acquisition and negative emotions experienced by team members mediate these relationships. Practical implications Knowing how the characteristics of the conflict (type and expression intensity) affect conflict management, managers can counteract the tendency to use dysfunctional, forcing conflict management approaches in response to high intensity conflicts, as well as to relationship conflicts and support the tendency to use collectivistic conflict management approaches in response to low intensity conflict, as well as task conflicts. Originality/value The authors examine an alternative to the prevailing view that conflict management serves as a moderator of the relationship between conflict and team outcomes. The research shows that conflict type and intensity of conflict expression influence the conflict management approach as a result of the information and emotion they evoke. The authors open avenues for future research on the complex and intriguing relationships between conflict characteristics and the conflict management approach.
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Puryanto, Sidik, and Ary Purwantiningsih. "Pendekatan Fenomenologi dalam Resolusi Konflik: Memahami Akar Konflik dengan Mendalam dan Komprehensif." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 6, no. 3 (February 21, 2024): 1017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v6i3.1917.

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This paper discusses the phenomenological approach in the context of conflict resolution. Phenomenology transforms the traditional view of conflict by delving into a profound understanding of its roots, values, emotions, and the perspectives of individuals involved. In this approach, conflict is seen as a social phenomenon involving individual or group awareness, empathy, sympathy, and collective consciousness. The importance of understanding subjective meanings and individual experiences in conflict is emphasized as the key to effective conflict resolution. The conflict resolution process from a phenomenological perspective involves steps of identification, diagnosis, and treatment designed to uncover and comprehend the conflict's roots comprehensively. The role of the subjects in this process is crucial, as they must possess the ability to empathize, see from various perspectives, and facilitate effective communication. In conflict resolution methods based on the phenomenological approach, reduction also becomes a key element, involving efforts to cleanse understanding from biases and assumptions before taking action. Introspection is also vital, helping subjects become more aware of their roles and contributions in the conflict. The phenomenological approach enables us to resolve conflicts in a more profound, holistic, and sustainable manner. With a deeper understanding of conflict's roots and the emotions involved, we can develop more effective solutions and integrate various perspectives contributing to the conflict.
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Jaelani, Achmad, Uus Ruswandi, and Mohamad Erihadiana. "CONFLICT STUDIES TOWARDS PEACE STUDIES (CONFLICT RESOLUTION)." IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education) 2, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37567/ijgie.v2i1.343.

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The purpose of writing this article is to study and understand the study of conflict towards peace. This research is motivated by the diversity of ethnicity, ethnicity, language, culture, religion and other differences that cause conflicts between people. The impact and changes that occur after this conflict raise the question of how this conflict can make changes that give birth to various forms and patterns of conflict and provide solutions for resolution. This paper will explain several subjects which will later illustrate the position of conflict studies towards the study of peace. The first part of the writing will discuss the conflict and the dynamics of the conflict. In the second part of the discussion will focus on the relationship between conflicts with solutions to resolution and the variety of conflicts that arise from changes that occur.
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Petrovic, Danijela, and Milica Vucetic. "Types of conflict, types of relationships and preferred conflict resolution strategies: Implications for constructive conflict resolution programmes." Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 44, no. 1 (2012): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi1201163p.

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Constructive conflict resolution programmes are based on the idea that children and youth do no have sufficient knowledge of the procedures and skills for conflict resolution, which is why the conflicts they take part in soon become destructive. Notwithstanding the indubitable practical significance of the constructive conflict resolution programmes, it can be objected that they are not sufficiently based on empirical findings about the characteristics of conflicts in childhood and adolescence. Hence, this paper explores different types of conflict with peers and friends with the aim of determining the preferred conflict resolution strategies and using the obtained results to consider the implications for the improvement of constructive conflict resolution programmes. The research was conducted on the sample of 286 adolescents. The method of hypothetical conflict situations was used for studying the preferred conflict resolution strategies. The key results, which should be taken into account when developing constructive conflict resolution programmes, indicate that the preference for a conflict resolution strategy varies depending on conflict type (problem solving is mostly used in conflicts occurring due to opinion differences and disrespect of agreement, unlike the conflicts arising due to provocations, stubbornness and dishonesty) and relationship types (in conflicts with friends, adolescents prefer problem solving, while in peer conflicts they more frequently opt for competition).
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Lee, Byungjoo, and JaeYoon Chang. "Conflict transformation." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 27, no. 2 (May 31, 2014): 449–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v27i2.449-469.

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This study investigated the conflict transformation pattern and the mediating role of emotions in nurse-physician conflicts. Nurses experience relatively heavier amount of relationship conflict compared to physicians. Relationship conflicts are known to have adverse effects on team satisfaction and team performance. Using a five-day diary study, data was collected from nurses in large hospitals. The respondents selected the physicians with the most frequent interaction, and answered questionnaires regarding that specific interaction while most existing studies used the information elicited from the interaction with the most conflicts. Several HLM analyses on conflicts scales showed that there were conflict transformation from task conflict to relationship conflict and that positive emotion mediated the transformation process. In other words, once task conflict was experienced, positive emotion decreases, and the decrease leads to the increase of relationship conflict the following day. However, the emotion itself did not carry over to the next day. This result suggests that nurses are capable of psychological detachment, which buffers the emotional association for two consecutive days.
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Marzaniar, Putri. "RESOLUSI KONFLIK DI ASIA: ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN ACEH DAN SRI LANGKA." Al-Ijtima`i: International Journal of Government and Social Science 8, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jai.v8i1.1943.

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The conflicts in Aceh and Sri Lanka share many similarities. However, there have been significantly different post-tsunami dynamics of conflict resolution in Aceh and Sri Lanka. In this article, the conflict resolution processes in Aceh and Sri Lanka will be compared. The main goals of this article are to (1) identify the main factors that failed to resolve the Sri Lanka conflict and the main factors that contributed to the successful post-tsunami resolution of the Aceh conflict, and (2) to determine whether the Sri Lanka conflict's failure to be resolved will repeat in Aceh if Aceh is faced with a similar natural disaster (tsunami). This article uses a qualitative approach with multiple case studies. As a result, the author uses a scientific model that includes additional concepts, expert opinions, and theories about conflict resolution to comprehend and analyze the resolution of the Aceh conflict and the conflict in Sri Lanka. These findings demonstrate that the success or failure of post-disaster resolution in two areas depends critically on the level of trust between conflicting parties. As a reaction, the violations of the Helsinki Accords' terms are more likely to trigger a third wave of conflicts than future natural disasters In Aceh.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Conflict"

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Can, Levent. "Ethnic conflicts and governmental conflict management." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FCan%5FDA.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Peter Gustaitis. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83). Also available in print.
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Hasan, Md Didarul. "Natural Resources, Conflicts, and Conflict Management." OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1177.

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This dissertation examines, both theoretically and empirically, the effects of international policies, especially of sanctions, on conflicts. In theoretical analysis, we consider conflicts (both civil and inter-state) related to natural resources and examine how sanctions on natural resource exports affect the intensity of conflicts. However, for the empirical analysis, we consider only the civil conflicts and examine how international sanctions affect the duration of civil conflicts. In chapter 1, we develop a two-period general equilibrium model on the relationship between natural resources and civil conflicts. Contrary to the most of the existing literature, we assume that resource extraction and wage rate are endogenous during the conflict. We find that the effects of current international sanctions on civil conflict depend critically on whether the budget constraints of the warring groups are binding or non-binding, and whether wage rate is exogenous or endogenous. Under both binding and non-binding budgets, the current sanction can be counter-productive. However, a threat of future sanction reduces conflict intensity, when the budget constraint is non-binding. An improvement in agricultural productivity may also limit the conflict. Our results also suggest that the most effective policy for conflict resolution would be bilateral piece-meal reduction in war efforts. Chapter 2 develops a two-period general equilibrium model linking natural resources to inter-state conflict, treating resource extraction and wage rate are endogenous. First, we characterize the war equilibrium and derive a number of properties of it. Second, we examine the effects of different types of trade sanctions imposed by the international community on war efforts of the two countries. We find that a temporary current sanction on both countries, or even on one of the countries, will be counter-productive, and an anticipated future sanction on both countries will unambiguously reduce war intensity. Whether an anticipated future sanction on one of countries will reduce war intensity will depend on the level of resource stock; the effect of a permanent sanction on both countries is ambiguous: war intensities will fall only if the resource stocks of the countries are sufficiently high. Finally, in chapter 3, we examine empirically the effects of international sanctions on the expected duration of civil conflicts. Contrary to the most of the previous findings, we find that sanctions reduce the expected duration of civil conflicts. Our finding is robust for different controls, different parametric models, and with consideration of endogeneity of sanctions. However, not all types of sanction are equally successful in shortening conflicts. Total economic embargoes and arms sanctions are effective, but trade sanctions, aid suspension, and other sanctions do not work. We also find that both multi-lateral and unilateral sanctions (mainly US sanctions) can reduce duration of civil wars.
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Stilwell, Carolyn Anne. "Conflict and conflict resolution in Bolivia." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/C_Stilwell_042707.pdf.

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Faiz, Jalal. "Politics of education, conflict and conflict resolution in Balochistan, Pakistan." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9v617/politics-of-education-conflict-and-conflict-resolution-in-balochistan-pakistan.

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Balochistan is one of the federating units (provinces) of Pakistan; it constitutes 44 % of Pakistan’s total territory and has been in a state of confrontation with the state since 1948. This is because the majority of the Baloch consider that the Pakistani state annexed their land forcibly, against the will and desire of the people. The Baloch nationalists have never accepted this annexation, and as a result the state has been facing serious crises precipitated by various factors. Ever since Pakistan’s annexation of Balochistan, there has been an on-going conflict between the Baloch (i.e., the Baloch people) and the state of Pakistan. The fact is that the conflict in Balochistan is multidimensional, including political, social and economic factors, the avarice of the Pakistani state and the grievances of the Baloch people. In order to aid an understanding of the various backgrounds to the conflict, this thesis contributes to debates on the politics of education and conflict in Pakistan’s Balochistan. I have used statistics and analysed data gathered during my fieldwork in Balochistan and Pakistan to investigate the politics of education and examine various policy frameworks, rationales and perspectives on the role of education. In order to do so, this study adopts a qualitative method and employs multiple data sources: documentary data, semi-structured interviews with twenty-eight stakeholders (in the province and country), visual data, and observations. Drawing on functionalist and conflict perspectives on the role of education, this thesis examines whether education in Balochistan is designed to empower the people or is simply used as a tool to control them. I have found that the state is not willing to educate the Baloch people; rather, it wishes to control them. There are two ways in which education in Balochistan is being used to serve the purpose of control. Firstly, the state of education in terms of its type, quality, quantity and infrastructure is considered by the majority of Baloch to be a failure of government’s strategic policy. For instance, education in Balochistan has lagged behind in various areas of government policy and decision-making. Major problems in Balochistan’s educational system include a deeply inadequate supply of textbooks, insufficient monitoring of schools, shortages of teachers and schools for both boys and girls, and insufficient funding. Secondly, many Baloch decry Pakistan’s unjust efforts to impose its culture, language and radical religious ideologies on the Baloch people. Indeed, the politics of (mis)representation of the Baloch and their history, culture and language are implemented through the state’s official textbooks. Education in Balochistan, particularly in government-run schools, is highly biased against the Baloch culture, history and social set-up, and it is thus a contributory factor in the generation of retaliatory behaviour among Baloch students. Formal education in Balochistan is structured in ways that indoctrinate children with a different language, culture and history. To many scholars, controlling education negates Baloch national aspirations and thus contributes to the conflict in Balochistan.
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Nikkar-Esfahani, Hamidreza. "The Nagorno Karabakh conflict: Causes of the conflict and obstacles to conflict resolution." Doctoral thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4899.

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Egeci, I. sine. "Conflict Distress, Conflict Attributions And Perceived Conflict Behaviors As Predictors Of Relationship Satisfaction." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606246/index.pdf.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship among conflict distress, conflict attributions (self/partner blame), perceived conflict behaviors (similarity/difference) and relationship satisfaction. Relationship Conflict Inventory (RCI), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), Conflict Behaviors Questionnaire and Demographic Information Form was administered to 58 dating couples. In order to investigate the predictive power of conflict distress level, conflict attributions (self/partner blame), perceived conflict behaviors (similarity/difference) and demographic variables on relationship satisfaction stepwise regression analyses was carried out. Moreover, separate cross partial pairwise intraclass correlations conducted in order to examine the relationship between one partner'
s conflict distress level, conflict attributions (self/partner blame), perceived conflict behaviors (similarity/difference) and the other partner'
s relationship satisfaction
and to examine the relationship between one partner'
s conflict distress, conflict attributions (self/partner blame) and the other partner'
s perceived conflict behaviors (similarity/difference). Additionally, it was also aimed to examine demographic variables'
(namely, gender) effects on each variable and in all analysis. The results revealed that higher levels of conflict distress and perceived difference on conflict behaviors predict lower levels of relationship satisfaction. Additionally, results yielded that in predicting women'
s relationship satisfaction conflict distress accounts as the only variable, whereas for men similarity on perceived conflict behaviors and blaming self predicted relationship saitsfaction. It is also found that one partner'
s conflict distress, partner blame and perceived conflict behavior difference negatively correlated with the other partner'
s relationship satisfaction
and one partner'
s conflict distress and partner blame is positively correlated with the other partner'
s perceived conflict behaviors (similarity/difference). Furthermore, results indicated no gender differences on conflict distress level, conflict attributions (self/partner blame), and perceived conflict behavior (similarity/difference). The results are discussed in the light of literature.
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Nikkar-Esfahani, Hamidreza. "The Nagorno Karabakh Conflict : causes of the conflict and obstacles to conflict resolution." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5650.

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Since 1988, the states of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been engaged in conflict over the enclave of Nagorno Karabakh. The conflict has developed into one of the most intractable and complicated disputes in the international arena, with the main parties being the two rivalling sovereign states plus the 'unrecognised state' of Nagorno Karabakh. Despite the optimistic statements and claims by the OSCE and after many years of negotiations and talks, the peace process remains in stalemate. The research argues the virtues of Track Two diplomacy and highlights the successful instances where it has made important contributions to the 'official' or Track One diplomatic process. It also explores the potential of a 'no war no peace' situation by discerning the factors influencing the progress of the conflict. The research shows that a deeper understanding of the obstacles to peace is achieved by appreciating the significance of historical events as well as recognising the motives and interests of the different parties. The study reviews all major factors which have led to the failure of resolution efforts, particular the negative role played by Russia. It concludes that the scholars in the field of conflict resolution can bring about a lasting peace to this region, provided there is a fundamental change in the structure of the co-chairs of the OSCE.
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Akao, J. O. "Biblical Theological Perspective on Conflict And Conflict Resolution." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1999. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,734.

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Muhindi, Solomon Peter Kavai. "Conflict management in Kenyan electoral conflict: 2002-2012." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/12286.

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In the recent years, majority of African countries have been faced by conflicts during election periods. Some of the electoral related conflicts escalated into violence, and they have been transformed or managed. While other electoral related conflicts have just been prevented during the election periods but remain latent conflicts that would escalate triggered by future elections. This study focuses specifically on electoral conflicts in Kenya and its conflict management perspective from 2002-2013. To transform and manage the conflict, peacebuilding initiatives have been integrated in the study. The prime actors in Kenya electoral conflict includes the; the ruling party coalition, the leading opposition coalition and ethnic groupings affiliated to the ruling party and opposition. Other peripheral actors include: the Independent, Electoral and Boundary Commission (IEBC), the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the judiciary. Triangulation (the combination of two or more methods of collecting and analysing data) has been adopted both in data collection and analysis. Focus group interviews, selected individual interviews, and literature reviews were used to collect data, while research findings were analysed systematically using the constructivist grounded theory. Moreover, the liberal peace theory, Institutionalisation before Liberalisation (IBL) and findings from other researchers like (Elder, Stigant and Claes 2014:1-20), and the Afrobarometer research findings (Kivuva 2015) have been used to authenticate the research findings. Research findings indicates that claims of election rigging, numerous institutional failures, negative ethnicity and economic disparity, among other factors heighten the fear and anxiety that escalates during elections. Towards achieving peacebuilding and sustainable peace, the following reforms were undertaken: constitutional changes and reviews, electoral body reform, judicial reform, pursuit of transitional justice, extensive range of local initiatives reforms and police reforms. However, findings in the study also reveal that despite the latter reforms, peacebuilding measures have been short-term, temporal, and not fully successful, leaving behind a latent conflict that could be triggered again with future electoral conflicts. Besides that, negotiation, dialogue and mediation played a role in restoring trust and confidence in the democratic structures after escalated elections. We also recommend that multi-ethnic composition for electoral coalitions should also be adopted as a means to mitigate ethnic triggered conflicts.
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Nguyen, Linh Chi. "Society in Simulation: Conflict and Negotiation of Conflict." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/243310.

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I simulate a population of agents playing the repeated Nash Demand game. The agents adopt strategies from the infinite strategy space and the population evolves over cycles in a survival of the fittest fashion. Certain strategies become stable during the simulation, causing different levels of average payoff.
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Books on the topic "Conflict"

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D, Cahn Dudley, ed. Conflict in personal relationships. Hillsdale, N.J: Erlbaum, 1994.

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S, Avrunin George, ed. The structure of conflict. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1988.

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Lulofs, Roxane Salyer. Conflict: From theory to action. Scottsdale, Ariz: Gorsuch Scarisbrick, 1994.

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Donohue, Patricia. Conflict and conflict resolution. Vancouver, B.C: United Nations Education ; distributed by B.C. Teachers' Federation, Lesson Aids Service, 1985.

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Swanström, Niklas L. P. Conflict, conflict prevention and conflict management and beyond. Stockholm: Institute for Security and Development Policy, 2005.

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G, Nhema Alfred, Zeleza Tiyambe 1955-, and African Conflicts: Management, Resolution, Post-Conflict Recovery and Development (2004: Addis Ababa, Ethiopia), eds. The resolution of African conflicts: The management of conflict resolution & post-conflict reconstruction. Addis Ababa: Ossrea, 2008.

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G, Nhema Alfred, Zeleza Tiyambe 1955-, and African Conflicts: Management, Resolution, Post-Conflict Recovery and Development (2004: : Addis Ababa, Ethiopia), eds. The resolution of African conflicts: The management of conflict resolution & post-conflict reconstruction. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2008.

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von Schlippe, Arist, and Tom A. Rüsen. Conflicts and Conflict Dynamics in Business Families. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50226-2.

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Jones, Martin, and Andrew Fabian, eds. Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511541360.

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Wizualnych, Fundacja Sztuk, and Miesiąc Fotografii w Krakowie (Exhibition) (13th : 2015 : Kraków, Poland), eds. Conflict. Krakow: Foundation for Visual Arts, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Conflict"

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Ahmar, Moonis. "Conflicts, conflict transformation and enlightenment." In The Challenge of Enlightenment, Conflict Transformation and Peace in Pakistan, 56–66. London: Routledge India, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003349570-3.

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Gurr, Jens Martin. "Understanding Conflicts through Conflict Narratives." In Understanding Public Debates, 171–96. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003478935-7.

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Wallace, Wendell C. "Conflict and Conflict Resolution." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_16-1.

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Binns, Tony, Etienne Nel, Alan Dixon, and Kenneth Lynch. "Conflict and Post-Conflict." In Africa, 110–50. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429028403-4.

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Wallace, Wendell C. "Conflict and Conflict Resolution." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies, 225–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74319-6_16.

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Fahed-Sreih, Josiane. "Conflict." In Conflict in Family Businesses, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62852-3_1.

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Birch, David. "Conflict." In The Language of Drama, 54–75. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21459-4_3.

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Pettinger, Richard. "Conflict." In Introduction to Organisational Behaviour, 316–49. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24683-0_11.

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Chan, Jeffrey K. H. "Conflict." In Urban Ethics in the Anthropocene, 73–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0308-1_4.

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Caspersen, Nina. "Conflict." In Europe in a Global Context, 205–16. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-34423-5_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Conflict"

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Mocanu, Mariana. "MODELING MEDIATION PROCESSES IN EDUCATION." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-215.

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The complexity of the educational system lies in the blending of the three forms of education: formal, informal and nonformal, that involve stakeholders with different interests and manifestations. The main actors are the "learner" and the "teacher", but the aquisition of learning outcomes is influenced by several external factors, that are described in the paper. A brief survey of the Romanian education systems depicts the issues that can generate conflicts. Conflits in the educational environment can generate a wide range of situations, sometimes with severe effects. It is important to identify both the mechanisms of conflict generation and the best problem solving method. The conflicts are classified according to various criteria, and a database for conflict patterns is developed. Like in other conflict situations, to solve conflicts in education, in their different phases, stakeholders can call on mediation processes, that offer sustainable results and are easily accepted by the parties in conflict. The paper proposes an ontology model of educational processes highlighting potential causes of conflicts, and their interference with the mediation process. The educational processes are modeled in form of workflows. A set of states are defined for each class of persons. Conflicts are also described by a set of parameters, their values being changed through the interaction of stakeholders, in different phases of the workflows. This model underlies an application that monitors both conflicts, and the results of the mediation process applied to these conflicts and issues warnings (alerts) if conditions that can lead to conflict are identified, based on stored patterns.
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Neumeyer, Xaver, and Ann F. McKenna. "Assessing Team Conflict in Student Design Teams." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63933.

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Our work is investigating the role of team conflict in the context of student design project work. We are interested in the types of conflicts that occur during the team’s development of their design solution, and how these conflicts may in fact contribute in a positive way to the overall design solution. We are using a mixed-method approach to data collection through student interviews, team observations, reflective memos, and surveys. This paper reports results from a study implemented in a required first-year engineering design course. Results from this study indicate that teams experience a range of conflicts, where some students perceive these conflicts as beneficial to team performance. In addition, our results describe several strategies teams use to manage and leverage these conflicts. Finally, methodologically we found that the team memos and team conflict surveys were better instruments for capturing team conflict, more so than self-report surveys.
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Valentová, Eliška, and Magdalena Zbránková. "Tools to Support Effective Communication, Conflict Prevention and Conflict Resolution in Family Businesses." In Liberec Economic Forum 2023. Technical University of Liberec, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/009/lef-2023-33.

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The article deals with the topic of open communication in the family business and focuses on the possibilities of conflict prevention. The article aims to define the factors influencing communication in family businesses and to identify their possible interdependence with selected characteristics of the business. The effect of complicated communication or conflicts could be not only negative, which could even result in the closure of the business, but also positive when constructive conflict can stimulate change and innovation. It is advisable to take measures to prevent conflicts and set up processes to resolve them. It is also advisable to clearly define the company's organisational structure, establish norms for dealing with work and family situations, and introduce governance tools. All of these measures promote open and effective communication and a sense of belonging among family business members. The paper presents the results of a survey of 98 family businesses. The findings suggest that family businesses perceive that effective and open communication is essential to their functioning. In most cases, family businesses attempt to separate business-related conflicts from family conflicts, which are related to personal family relationships and ties. Efforts to separate family and work-related conflicts increase as the number of employees increases.
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De Silva, Piyanwada, and Y. G. Sandanayake. "Conflicts Handling Styles Used by Professionals at Pre-Contract Stage of Building Construction Projects in Sri Lanka." In The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/vluv8738.

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Conflicts between design team professionals is a common experience in building construction projects in Sri Lanka. Depending on the way they are been handled, these conflicts bring either positive or negative impacts to the project. Thus, this paper investigates the conflict-handling styles that the professionals use to handle different types of conflicts among themselves at pre-contract stage of construction projects in Sri Lanka. The study on different types of conflicts and handling styles were derived through quantitative approach by a questionnaire survey designed incorporating Rahim’s Organisational Conflict InventoryII (ROCI-II) with the participation of 42 number of professionals engaged during the pre-contract stage of building construction projects in Sri Lanka. The scope of the study was limited to the building construction projects and only to the conflicts among professionals at the same level. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The research findings revealed that there are four types of conflicts: task, relationship, process and status conflicts, occur in different frequencies among the professionals. The task conflicts occur very often, and process conflicts occur often whilst relationship and status conflicts occur rarely among professionals during the pre-contract stage. This study revealed that professionals use different conflict handling styles to handle these four types of conflicts among themselves during the pre-contract stage of building construction projects in Sri Lanka. Further, majority of professionals use integrating style often to handle conflicts among themselves, and they use avoiding style very rarely to handle the conflicts among themselves except for relationship conflicts. However, to handle relationship conflicts, professionals use dominating style as the last option. The study would assist the industry practitioners to identify their personnel conflict handling style and the outcome of using each style with their supervisors when handling conflicts during the precontract stage. KEYWORDS: Conflicts, Conflict-Handling Styles, Conflicts With Professionals, Construction Industry, Pre-Contract Stage.
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Dehkordi, Seyede Simin Mirhashemi, and Hojjat Mianabadi. "Game Theory and Dealing with Water Conflict." In 8th Peace and Conflict Resolution Conference [PCRC2021]. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/pcrc.2021.005.

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Abstract In the last century, water conflicts have increased in many parts of the world for reasons such as a strong desire for rapid development and poor governance. The impact of these conflicts on various sectors of society such as economic, political and legal subsystems has led researchers to focus on providing solutions and practical methods to deal with water conflicts. Game theory is one of the most common methods used by researchers to manage water conflicts and water allocation in shared and transboundary river basins. Despite the special place of game theory in reductionist sciences, the application of this theory to dealing with conflicts in complex water systems faces challenges. Whereas, the critique of the effectiveness of the game theory method in water conflict management has been neglected. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the capacity to apply the game theory to deal with water conflicts. In order to achieve this purpose, while using library resources, the basics of game theory and the capacity to apply it in the management of water conflicts are analyzed. The results reveal that following the theory of rational choice and rationalism in the game theory method has led to ignore many dimensions and factors affecting the water conflict formation and the way to deal with complex water conflicts. Keywords: Water Conflicts, Game Theory, Peacebuilding, Shared and Transboundary River Basins
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Yildirim, Osman. "CONFLICT AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT:ACADEMICS� PERCEPTIONS." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b12/s3.029.

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Stojanovska, Slagjana, and Kristina Velichkovska. "COMMUNICATION DIFFERENCES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.85.

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This paper aims to examine the challenges of cross-cultural communication in multicultural teams and the resolution of conflicts arising during that process of communication. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on individuals coming from various cultural backgrounds to determine how cultural differences affect the organizational communication styles, their perception of conflict situations and the choice of conflict resolution procedures. The study is underpinned by a literature review of cross-cultural communication and theories on culture, conflict resolution and multicultural team dynamics. Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory will be used to define the cultural differences using four dimensions: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, and masculinity vs femininity. The outcome of the study assesses the intercultural communication competence of employees in North Macedonia and gives recommendations on how to improve communication and avoid conflicts that plague multicultural teams.
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Oruwari, Humphrey Otombosoba. "Assessment of Conflict Management in Niger Delta and Implications for Sustainable Development of Oil and Gas in Nigeria." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208224-ms.

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Abstract Nigerian oil and gas industry have over the years witnessed incessant conflicts between the stakeholders, particularly the host communities in Niger Delta region and the oil and gas companies in partnership with the Federal Government. Conflict which is here defined as manifestation of disagreement between individual and groups arising from differing and mutually incompatible interests has both positive and negative effects depending on how it was managed. Managing conflicts is all about limiting the negative aspects. The study examined conflicts management in Nigeria oil and gas industry and how best the positive elements of conflicts can be maximally exploited for the mutual benefit of both oil and gas company and the host communities in Niger Delta. The study adopted the multidisciplinary approach, literature review, case study and relied on secondary sources using analytical method of data analysis. The study findings revealed that the major factors that precipitate conflicts between the oil and gas industry and host communities in Niger Delta include economic, social, political, and ecological factors. There are available strategies that can be used in conflict management. These include avoiding, accommodating, or smoothing, competing, or forcing, compromising, and collaborating. Any of these strategies can be used to manage conflict depending on the situation, the environment factor, and the nature of the conflict. The problem is that the oil and gas companies in partnership with the Nigerian government often adopted the wrong approach in dealing with the conflict with host communities, using avoiding or forcing strategies. The study recommends collaboration strategy which ensues long term-term solution to mutual benefits.
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Shi, Wenxu, and Bochuan Zheng. "Conflict-Alleviated Gradient Descent for Adaptive Object Detection." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/137.

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Unsupervised domain adaptive object detection (DAOD) aims to adapt detectors from a labeled source domain to an unlabelled target domain. Existing DAOD works learn feature representations with both class discriminative and domain invariant by jointly minimizing the loss across domain alignment and detection tasks. However, joint resolution of different tasks may lead to conflicts, with one contributing factor being gradient conflicts during optimization. If left untouched, such disagreement may degrade adaptation performance. In this work, we propose an efficient optimization strategy named Conflict-Alleviated Gradient descent (CAGrad) which aims to alleviate the conflict between two tasks (i.e., alignment and classification). Particularly, we alter the gradients by projecting each onto the normal plane of the other. The projection operation changes conflicting gradients from obtuse angles to acute angles, thus alleviating the conflict and achieving gradient harmonization. We further validate our theoretical analysis and methods on several domain adaptive object detection tasks, including cross-camera, weather, scene, and synthetic to real-world adaptation. Extensive experiments on multiple DAOD benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our CAGrad.
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Deylami, Behavar. "Improving Social Capital, A Solution to Manage Water Conflicts." In 8th Peace and Conflict Resolution Conference [PCRC2021]. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/pcrc.2021.007.

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Abstract Water systems are categorized as coupled human-natural systems. It is argued that extreme events are primarily associated with the natural component of the system, while conflicts are considered as part of the human component of the water systems. Since the system is coupled, both human and natural components interact with each other. For instance, extreme events such as droughts can trigger conflict among societies. What needs to be noted here is that such disturbances in both systems are, to some extent, inevitable. However, by using the proper mechanisms and leverages, they can be alleviated. Enhancing social capital among stakeholders is one of those leverages to reduce the conflicts' likelihood or at least intensity. Social capital reflects people’s collective level of awareness on the issues, their reciprocal relationships, and public participation. In other words, social capital captures three concepts of “Public Justice,” “Public Cohesion,” and “Public Participation.” This paper aims to descriptively analyze the effect of social capital in social conflicts in the context of water systems. The results of this study indicated that social capital is effective in alleviating water conflicts, but requires large and long-term investments. Therefore, it can be used to alleviate conflicts to reduce vulnerability, and achieve development. Keywords: Social capital, Water systems, Conflict, Vulnerability
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Reports on the topic "Conflict"

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Garza, Mario A. Conflict Termination: Every Conflict Must End. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada328094.

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Idris, Iffat. Preventing Atrocities in Conflict and Non-conflict Settings. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.137.

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Atrocity prevention refers to activities to prevent atrocity crimes against civilians. These include genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing, and can take place in both conflict and non-conflict settings. This points to the need to prioritise and implement atrocity prevention specifically, and not just as part of conflict prevention efforts. Atrocity prevention interventions are broadly of two types: operational (short-term responses) and structural (addressing underlying causes/drivers). These encompass a wide range of approaches including: acting locally (with local actors taking the lead in prevention activities); tackling hate speech, and promoting an independent and strong media; documenting human rights violations, and prosecuting and punishing those responsible (establishing rule of law). The international community should prioritise atrocity prevention, but work in a united manner, take a comprehensive approach, and give the lead to local actors. Atrocity crimes generally develop in a process over time, and risk factors can be identified; these traits make atrocity prevention possible. This rapid review looks at the concept of atrocity prevention, how it is distinct from conflict prevention, the different approaches taken to atrocity prevention, and the lessons learned from these. The review draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports produced by international development organisations such as the United Nations (UN) and USAID. The literature was largely gender-blind (with the exception of conflict-related sexual violence) and disability-blind.
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Semotiuk, Orest. RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN MILITARY CONFLICT: TERMINOLOGICAL AND DISCURSIVE DIMENSIONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11399.

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The paper is devoted to terminological, typological and discursive dimension of concepts describing modern conflicts. Historical development of concept “war” is retraced including four generations of warfare. Difficulties in establishing a methodological framework for analyzing the media coverage of military conflicts are analyzed and an interdisciplinary approach to the media coverage of military conflicts is proposed. This enables the integration of different theories - international relations, conflict studies, political communication and journalism. Two dimensions of the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict (physical and discursive) are desribed. In the physical dimension, the conflict is localized. The discursive dimension of the conflict is implemented at the global, interstate (Russian-Ukrainian) and local (intra-Ukrainian) levels. Discursive understanding of the Russian-Ukrainian military conflict was investigated on local level. The object of analysis was coverage of the conflict in 4 Ukrainian online news portals. The need of new methodological approaches to analysis of the relationship between the media and security issues is emphasized.
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Kıbrıs, Arzu. The conflict trap revisited: civil conflict and educational achievement. Sabancı University, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5900/su_fass_wp.2012.20097.

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Rao, Sumedh. Impact of Non-conflict Interventions on De-escalation of Conflict and Acceptance of Negotiations. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.059.

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There exists is a broad range of academic and grey literature that looks at non-conflict interventions and its impact on de-escalation of conflict and reduction of violence. There seems to be little in relation to the acceptance of negotiations. Of this literature there are a few studies of high quality, that demonstrate a clear connection between the intervention and reduction in violence or conflict. This report focuses on those studies and, in particular, those related to protracted conflict and involving local actors. The report aims to Identify literature which shows how non-conflict (eg. humanitarian, environmental) interventions have impacted on the de-escalation of conflict and acceptance of negotiations with focus on contexts of protracted, multi-actor conflicts and the role of local conflict actors. It entails a detailed summary of these studies, followed by an annotated bibliography of the studies.
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Fraser, Niall M., Keith W. Hipel, and Marc D. Kilgour. Human Conflict Resolution. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada182740.

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Marks, Zoe. Poverty and Conflict. University of Birmingham, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii296.

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Grossman, Herschel. Constitution or Conflict? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8733.

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Burke, Marshall, Solomon Hsiang, and Edward Miguel. Climate and Conflict. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20598.

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Arbatlı, Cemal Eren, Quamrul Ashraf, Oded Galor, and Marc Klemp. Diversity and Conflict. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21079.

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