Journal articles: 'Confirmation'

1

Yuan, Yongfeng. "Bayesian Confirmation or Ordinary Confirmation?" Studia Logica 108, no. 3 (March 18, 2019): 425–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11225-019-09859-0.

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Caster, Paul, Randal J. Elder, and Diane J. Janvrin. "A Summary of Research and Enforcement Release Evidence on Confirmation Use and Effectiveness." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 27, no. 2 (November 1, 2008): 253–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2008.27.2.253.

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SUMMARY: Confirmations are extensively used and are often perceived by practitioners to be one of the most persuasive forms of audit evidence. Yet academic research has found limitations that restrict confirmation effectiveness for many management assertions. In addition, a number of problems with false and forged confirmations are identified in Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs). The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) and the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) have put confirmation evidence on their respective agendas. Academic research indicates that receivable confirmations can be effective evidence for the existence assertion. Low response rates, as well as respondent errors and directional bias in detecting errors, are key barriers to confirmation effectiveness. Our review of AAERs identified failure to authenticate responses, collusion between auditee management and customers, and concealed side agreements and special terms as specific problem areas. We also identify a number of research questions for future research.

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Sommer, Piotr. "Confirmation." Chicago Review 46, no. 3/4 (2000): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25304594.

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Khine, Albert H. "Confirmation." Journal of General Internal Medicine 19, no. 6 (June 2004): 712–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.40501.x.

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Hyman, William A. "Confirmation." Biomedical Safety & Standards 41, no. 2 (February 2011): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.bmsas.0000393657.70469.9a.

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Dodge, Warren F. "Confirmation." American Journal of Diseases of Children 146, no. 10 (October 1, 1992): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160220038017.

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Conroy, David E., Chih-Hsiang Yang, Stephanie T. Lanza, Joshua M. Smyth, and Constantino M. Lagoa. "Temporal Dynamics of Treatment Receipt in a Text Message Intervention for Physical Activity: Single-Group, Within-Person Trial." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 4 (April 22, 2020): e14270. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14270.

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Background Mobile technology has increased the reach of health behavior interventions but raised new challenges in assessing the fidelity of treatment receipt. Fidelity can be compromised if participant fatigue or burden reduces engagement, leading to missed or delayed treatments for just-in-time interventions. Objective This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of text message receipt confirmations. Methods Community-dwelling adults (N=10) were sent five text messages daily for 4 months (5598 messages sent in total), with a financial incentive to confirm receipt of 75% or more messages. Results Overall, the message receipt confirmation rate was very high (5504/5598, 98.32%) and timely (eg, two-thirds of confirmations within 2 min). Confirmation times were slightly slower on weekends (vs weekdays) and as a function of the cumulative time in the study. Neither time of message delivery nor message content was associated with message confirmation latencies. Conclusions Participants receiving financial incentives to confirm text message receipt exhibit extremely high and fast confirmation rates, although receipt confirmations were somewhat less timely on weekends (vs weekdays) and later in the intervention. The social calendar and treatment fatigue should be considered when planning text message–based interventions, especially if treatments are intended for a just-in-time delivery that requires extended engagement and precise timing.

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Edidin, Aron. "From Relative Confirmation to Real Confirmation." Philosophy of Science 55, no. 2 (June 1988): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/289432.

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Fager, Patrik. "Kit preparation for mixed-model assembly: efficiency impact of confirmation methods." Industrial Management & Data Systems 119, no. 3 (April 8, 2019): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2018-0287.

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PurposeConfirmations are applied in kit preparation for mixed-model assembly to promote quality, but research that explains the impact on time efficiency has been lacking. The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which the type of confirmation method relates to time-efficient kit preparation when order batching is applied.Design/methodology/approachAn industrially relevant laboratory experiment is applied, simulating kit preparation with order batching for mixed-model assembly. The time efficiency is studied as associated with four confirmation methods – barcode ring scanner, button presses, voice commands and RFID-reading wristbands – when applied as pick-from and place-to confirmation. Furthermore, the paper also considers the quality outcome.FindingsEfficiency is promoted by methods that minimise interrupting the picker’s motions when performing pick-from confirmations and with methods that allow each hand to place components and perform place-to confirmations simultaneously – here represented by button presses and RFID-reading wristbands. Moreover, combining various methods for the tasks of pick-from or place-to confirmation can benefit efficiency.Research limitations/implicationsPickers at an early stage of the learning curve (one shift of training) were considered.Practical implicationsThe findings promote the customised applications of picking information systems in industry.Social implicationsCombining various methods for the tasks of pick-from and place-to confirmation can provide more fitting applications that better align with the picker’s preferences.Originality/valueCombinations of various methods when applied as either pick-from or place-to confirmation, or both, are studied.

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Tindall, B. J. "Confirmation of deposit, but confirmation of what?" INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 58, no. 8 (August 1, 2008): 1785–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.2008/006023-0.

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Kumar, Naresh. "Confirmation Bias” and its Significance." International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews 5, no. 7 (July 2024): 2088–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.5.0724.1801.

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Mourre, Alexis. "The Parties’ Right to Nominate Arbitrators and the Institution’s Discretion in Deciding Whether to Confirm." BCDR International Arbitration Review 7, Issue 2 (December 1, 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bcdr2020013.

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The legal significance of the requirement of a confirmation by the arbitral institution of the party’s nomination of an arbitrator has not so far been thoroughly explored. What is the nature of these institutional confirmations? Is there any such thing as a party appointment in ICC arbitration? What is the level of discretion enjoyed by the institution in deciding whether to confirm? Can a party mount a challenge on grounds that were unsuccessfully raised in objections to confirmation? Should institutional decisions on confirmations be reasoned? The author examines these questions based on his experience as past president of the ICC International Court of Arbitration (the Court).

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Pegorari, Massimiliano. "Cicerone, de Inventione, 1.18: Iudicatio est, quae ex infirmatione et confirmatione rationis nascitur controversia." Rhetorica 36, no. 1 (2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2018.36.1.1.

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Cicero, in the early work de Inventione (1.18), defines what is the hermagorean doctrine of κρινόμενον: “the point for the judge's decision is the issue which arises from the denial (ex infirmatione) and tight assertion of the excuse (et confirmatione rationis)”. The doubts on the authenticity of the text are old, and modern editors delete the reference to the confirmatio. However, most of manuscripts attest the necessity of the confirmation of the defense. Also, confirmatio is that by means of which our speech proceeding in argument adds belief, and authority, and corroboration to our cause (de Inv., 1.34). Moreover Cicero, in Partitiones oratoriae (104), explains that only by continuous refutations between the parties to the proceedings it arises the κρινόμενον: this is the rhetorical counterpart of dialectic antilogy. Finally, the early medieval commentaries of the de Inventione give reason to the firmamentum after the κρινόμενον.

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14

Schroeder, Jessica J. "Beyond Confirmation." Evangelical Quarterly 93, no. 3 (September 20, 2022): 259–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-09303003.

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Abstract While Michael Polanyi’s epistemology is fruitful for considering beauty’s epistemological significance, this article shows that Polanyi’s epistemology lacks explicit development of an important aspect of beauty’s contribution to knowledge formation—as mediator. The treatment unfolds by first assessing how Polanyi does treat beauty, and second by establishing the grounds for beauty to serve as a mediator, as well as its fittingness within a Polanyian epistemology. The article considers an expansion of Polanyi’s epistemology to further and more clearly elucidate beauty as mediator of knowledge. Concluding remarks consider how beauty as mediator of knowledge opens the door to pursuit of questions regarding beauty’s role in theological epistemology—i.e., in mediating knowledge of God specifically.

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15

Wilding, Jennifer. "Shire Confirmation." Probation Journal 38, no. 3 (September 1991): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026455059103800322.

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Osmer, Richard Robert. "Restructuring Confirmation." Theology Today 49, no. 1 (April 1992): 46–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004057369204900105.

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“Revivalism's erosion of the norms traditionally associated with Reformation commitment to catechetical instruction was a gradual process. … By the end of the nineteenth century, the Sunday School had become the dominant form of Christian education. … Slowly but surely, confirmation has come to be seen as a time when individuals explore their faith and decide for themselves whether or not they will continue to participate in the church. … A new series of liturgical-teaching practices must be formulated, harking back to traditional forms of catechetical instruction for children or the adult catechumenate of the ancient church.”

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17

Roche, William, and Tomoji Shogenji. "Dwindling Confirmation." Philosophy of Science 81, no. 1 (January 2014): 114–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/674346.

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Sgaramella, Vittorio, and Norton D. Zinder. "Dolly Confirmation." Science 279, no. 5351 (January 30, 1998): 635.3–635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.279.5351.635c.

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Shogenji, Tomoji. "Mediated Confirmation." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 68, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 847–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/axv053.

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Postma, Dirkje S., and Gerard H. Koppelman. "Confirmation ofGPRA." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 171, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 1323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2503006.

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KARASAWA, KAORI. "Evaluation-confirmation." Japanese Psychological Research 34, no. 1 (1992): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.34.10.

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22

Christensen, David. "Measuring Confirmation." Journal of Philosophy 96, no. 9 (1999): 437–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2564707.

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Schmidt, PJ, RE Klein, and WC Sherwood. "Du confirmation." Transfusion 26, no. 4 (July 1986): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1986.26486262745.x.

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Little, Kayla. "Intervention Confirmation." Clinical Nurse Specialist 38, no. 1 (January 2024): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nur.0000000000000798.

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Hsu, Jack S., Tung-Ching Lin, and JiaJin Tsai. "Does confirmation always matter? Extending confirmation-based theories." Behaviour & Information Technology 33, no. 11 (December 7, 2013): 1219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2013.857431.

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Schurz, Gerhard. "Bayesian pseudo-confirmation, use-novelty, and genuine confirmation." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 45 (March 2014): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2013.10.008.

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Dull, Richard B., David P. Tegarden, and Lydia L. F. Schleifer. "ACTVE: A Proposal for an Automated Continuous Transaction Verification Environment." Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jeta.2006.3.1.81.

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During recent years, there has been a significant increase in calls for corporate financial reporting transparency and for improved timeliness of financial information disclosures. To adapt to these changes in the financial reporting environment, auditors must look for methods and procedures to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the audit process. Traditionally, a source of strong audit evidence has been the confirmation of an amount with a third party. Technology now exists to support the improvement and expansion of the confirmation process. To facilitate the timely confirmation of transactions and balances that involve external entities, this paper proposes ACTVE, an Automated Continuous Transaction Verification Environment. ACTVE is an interorganizational system by which data from an accounting information system can be electronically confirmed with a third-party's system. The system will provide timely audit evidence while significantly decreasing the transaction cost of obtaining confirmations. ACTVE will not only resolve confirmation response issues in today's audit environment, but will also support the new continuous assurance paradigm.

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Elder, Randal J., Diane J. Janvrin, and Paul Caster. "Peregrine—Twenty Years of Fraudulent Cash Balances." Issues in Accounting Education 29, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50690.

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ABSTRACT In July 2012, Peregrine Financial Group filed for bankruptcy following the discovery that $215 million in customer balances had been embezzled. Investigation revealed that its Chief Executive Officer, Russell Wasendorf, Sr., fooled auditors and regulators for 20 years by preparing fictitious bank statements and cash balance confirmations to hide the theft of cash. The fraud was uncovered when Peregrine's regulator, the National Futures Association (NFA), demanded that Peregrine participate in an electronic confirmation process for verification of customer accounts. This case discusses how the fraud was allowed to go undetected for 20 years, the importance of auditing cash, and how new electronic confirmation technology improves the ability to authenticate confirmation responses. The case is suitable for use in both auditing and accounting information system courses.

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Armitage, Jack L. "Accounts Receivable Confirmation Usage And Effectiveness: Perceptions Of Practicing CPAs." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 9, no. 2 (October 2, 2011): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v9i2.6082.

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This paper reports the results of a questionnaire survey of practicing auditors regarding their assessment of the competence and effectiveness of the accounts receivable confirmation auditing procedure. The respondents indicated they regularly use positive and negative confirmations in practice, and they rated the evidence provided by negative confirmations as significantly lower than for positives. Also, the respondents perceived the detection rate for positive and negative confirmations to be a 20 to 40 percentage points higher than rates reported form empirical research. Thus, auditors may be over-estimating the effectiveness of this auditing procedure and facing higher levels of audit risk than they anticipate.

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Kingori, Patricia, and Rachel Douglas Jones. "Revelation or confirmation?" Medicine Anthropology Theory 7, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.7.2.776.

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Fakes have become a matter of concern across global health. Commissioning inquiry into presumed fake practices in global health requires both a pre-existing sense of what would constitute real provision and a suspicion that it is not being offered. In this Position Piece, we analyse the research methods being used to identify and reveal other—presumed—fakes in global health provision. We put forward the concept of the ‘second-order fake’—the fake that is used to reveal a fake—to draw attention to the methodological politics at stake in the use of the fake. By reviewing historical cases of the creation of methods of deception, we analyse the assumptions they bring into global health from other disciplines. We foreground the promises of revelation that are embedded in probes that rely on fakes to uncover fakes. We suggest that despite the growing prevalence of methods which themselves deploy fakes to find fakes, these techniques bring us no closer to understanding the lived ambiguities of everyday practices of fakery.

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31

Blaize, Jacques. "Surprise et confirmation." Cahiers de Gestalt-thérapie N° 34, no. 1 (2015): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cges.034.0122.

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Tentori, Katya, Vincenzo Crupi, and Daniel Osherson. "Determinants of confirmation." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 14, no. 5 (October 2007): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03194115.

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Ditommaso, Tanya. "Contradiction and Confirmation." Symposium 6, no. 1 (2002): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/symposium2002613.

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34

Wang, Chih‐Hung, and Yen‐Cheng Chen. "Proxy Confirmation Signatures." Informatica 15, no. 3 (January 1, 2004): 425–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/informatica.2004.070.

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Schlesinger, George N. "Confirmation and Obligation." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 47, no. 1 (September 1986): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2107731.

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36

LEIJSSEN, Lambert. "Confirmation in Context." Louvain Studies 20, no. 2 (November 1, 1995): 294–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ls.20.2.542312.

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Schechter, Loren S., and Mimis Cohen. "Gender Confirmation Surgery." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 30, no. 5 (2019): 1364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000005456.

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Shepherd, Gail. "Girls at Confirmation." Iowa Review 21, no. 3 (October 1991): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.4068.

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Davis, Neil M. "Combating Confirmation Bias." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 94, no. 7 (July 1994): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199407000-00014.

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Ellis, K. "Perceived teacher confirmation.." Human Communication Research 26, no. 2 (April 2000): 264–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2000.tb00758.x.

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41

Carmody, Chris. "HIV — awaiting confirmation." Medical Journal of Australia 159, no. 2 (July 1993): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137764.x.

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42

Carter, Stephen. "The Confirmation Mess." Harvard Law Review 101, no. 6 (April 1988): 1185. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1341491.

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43

KAHN, JAMES A., STEVEN E. LANDSBURG, and ALAN C. STOCKMAN. "On Novel Confirmation." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 43, no. 4 (December 1, 1992): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjps/43.4.503.

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44

Sprenger, Jan. "Hypothetico-Deductive Confirmation." Philosophy Compass 6, no. 7 (July 2011): 497–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-9991.2011.00409.x.

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45

Redhead, Michael. "Novelty And Confirmation." British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 37, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjps/37.1.115.

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Harrell, Maralee, and Clark Glymour. "Confirmation And Chaos*." Philosophy of Science 69, no. 2 (June 2002): 256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/341052.

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Nevzorov, V. B., and A. Stepanov. "Records with confirmation." Statistics & Probability Letters 95 (December 2014): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2014.08.002.

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48

Roos, Nico. "Maximal-confirmation diagnoses." Knowledge-Based Systems 24, no. 4 (May 2011): 467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2010.12.002.

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49

Jonas, Carol. "Arrêt bianchi : confirmation." Médecine & Droit 1995, no. 11 (March 1995): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1246-7391(95)80043-3.

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Glass, David H. "Fuzzy confirmation measures." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 159, no. 4 (February 2008): 475–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2007.07.018.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Confirmation'

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