Relevant bibliographies by topics / Confinement loss

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Confinement loss'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Confinement loss"

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Sakai, Jun-ichi, and Norihiro Nishida. "Confinement loss, including cladding material loss effects, in Bragg fibers." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 28, no. 3 (February 8, 2011): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.28.000379.

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Teng, Da, Yuanming Tian, Xuemei Hu, Ziyi Guan, Wencang Gao, Pengyuan Li, Hongli Fang, Jianjun Yan, Zhiwen Wang, and Kai Wang. "Sodium-Based Cylindrical Plasmonic Waveguides in the Near-Infrared." Nanomaterials 12, no. 12 (June 7, 2022): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12121950.

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Subwavelength optical field confinement and low-loss propagation are of great significance for compact photonic integration. However, the field confinement capability of plasmonic devices is always accompanied by the inherent Ohmic loss. Although recent studies have shown that sodium (Na) exhibits lower loss than noble metals in the near-infrared band, the field confinement ability has not been adequately assessed. Meanwhile, the high chemical reactivity of Na should be regulated for practical application. Two dielectric-coated Na nanowires, consisting of cylindrical Na nanowires with one or two dielectric layers as claddings, are proposed and investigated in this paper. Based on finite element calculations, we thoroughly study the modal fields and low-loss propagation properties of dielectric-coated Na nanowires. The results demonstrate that Na exhibits lower loss and stronger field confinement than the typical plasmonic material silver. These findings indicate the performance of plasmonic devices can be considerably improved by employing the metal Na compared with devices using noble metals, which may promote the applications in subwavelength photonic devices.
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Ghoroku, Kazuo, and Kouki Kubo. "Accelerated quarks and energy loss in confinement theory." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 18 (June 29, 2016): 1650103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16501037.

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We study the energy loss rate (ELR) of the accelerated quark in terms of the holographic models for the two different motions, linear acceleration and uniform rotation. They are examined by two different nonconformal models with confinement. We found in both models that the value of ELR is bounded from below by the string tension of the linear confinement potential between quark and antiquark. The lower bounds of ELR are independent of the types of the motion of the quark. They are determined by the string tension at the worldsheet horizon of the model. These results are obtained when the model has the diagonal background metric. Then we find the common perspective for the lower bounds of ELRs of the two different motions.
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Yi, Ni, An Liang, Xie Yuejian, Zhang Lei, and Peng Jiangde. "Confinement loss in solid-core photonic bandgap fibers." Optics Communications 235, no. 4-6 (May 2004): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2004.02.072.

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Monfared, Yashar E., A. R. Maleki Javan, and A. R. Monajati Kashani. "Confinement loss in hexagonal lattice photonic crystal fibers." Optik 124, no. 24 (December 2013): 7049–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.05.168.

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Kuhlmey, Boris T., Hong C. Nguyen, M. J. Steel, and Benjamin J. Eggleton. "Confinement loss in adiabatic photonic crystal fiber tapers." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 23, no. 9 (September 1, 2006): 1965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.23.001965.

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Sun, Tianran, Xinyang Su, Fanchao Meng, Zaining Wang, Jiale Song, Chenglong Zhang, Tianjia Xu, et al. "Design of 2 μm Low-Loss Hollow-Core Anti-Resonant Fibers." Micromachines 14, no. 6 (June 5, 2023): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061198.

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We systematically studied several of the most traditional hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (HC-ARF) structures, with the aim of achieving low confinement loss, single-mode performance, and high insensitivity to bending in the 2 µm band. Moreover, the propagation loss of fundamental mode (FM), higher-order mode (HOMs), and the higher-order mode extinction ratio (HOMER) under different geometric parameters were studied. Analysis showed that the confinement loss of the six-tube nodeless hollow-core anti-resonant fiber at 2 µm was 0.042 dB/km, and its higher-order mode extinction ratio was higher than 9000. At the same time, a confinement loss of 0.040 dB/km at 2 µm was achieved in the five-tube nodeless hollow-core anti-resonant fiber, and its higher-order mode extinction ratio was higher than 2700.
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Khurgin, Jacob B. "Ultimate limit of field confinement by surface plasmon polaritons." Faraday Discussions 178 (2015): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00193a.

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We show that electric field confinement in surface plasmon polaritons propagating at metal/dielectric interfaces enhances the loss due to Landau damping, which effectively limits the degree of confinement itself. We prove that Landau damping, and associated with it surface collision damping, follow directly from the Lindhard formula for the dielectric constant of a free electron gas. Furthermore, we demonstrate that even if all of the conventional loss mechanisms, caused by phonons, electron–electron interactions, and interface roughness scattering, were eliminated, the maximum attainable degree of confinement and the loss accompanying it would not change significantly compared to the best existing plasmonic materials, such as silver.
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Xu, Ding Jie, Hong Ru Song, and Wei Wang. "Analysis of Transmission Characteristic in Single Polarization Dual Elliptical Assistant Holes Hollow Fiber." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 1359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.1359.

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To improve the propagation quality in photonic crystal fibers,a novel dual elliptical assistant holes hollow fiber is proposed. Numerical model of confinement loss has been modeled by vector finite element method, then the core loss characteristics and the power ratio of the hollow fiber has been simulated and analyzed. The results show that the x-polarization confinement loss and the core power ratio are 0.06dB/m and 98.2% at 1550nm, respectively. By contrast, the y-polarization confinement loss is up to 243.34dB/m while the core power ratio is 47.86%. The novel optical fiber exhibits good single polarization characteristics and transmission characteristics, and the bandwidth range of single mode single polarization is 55nm. The novel optical fiber is very good to satisfy the requirement of single mode single polarization at the 1550nm.
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Hossain, M. B., K. A. J. Alsalem, K. Ahmed, F. M. Bui, S. M. Ibrahim, and S. K. Patel. "Terahertz detection of chemicals through zeonex fiber material." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 18, no. 2 (April 2023): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2023.182.511.

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A PCF sensor is proposed for chemical (e.g., glycerol, acetic acid, and water) sensing through Zeonex fiber material. We investigate relative sensitivity, effective are, effective material loss, and confinement loss to analyze the sensor performance. The proposed sensor offers the relative sensitivity of almost 97.7% for glycerol, 96.25% for acetic acid, 95.28% for water at frequency 3.5 THz. In addition, the sensor possesses small effective material loss and tiny confinement loss that are important characteristics of an efficient chemical sensor. Furthermore, the modern fabrication techniques are well fitting for the fabrication of the presented sensor.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Confinement loss"

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Wang, Jin. "Modeling of concrete dehydration and multhiphase transfer in nuclear containment concrete wall during loss of cooling accident." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30098/document.

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Les centrales nucléaires jouent un rôle important au niveau mondial dans la production d'électricité aujourd'hui. Dans l'histoire humaine, deux accidents tragiques ont déjà eu lieu, à Tchernobyl et Fukushima, provoquant des fuites des matières radioactives. Pour éviter ce genre d'accident dans la future, la construction en béton prend un rôle important en tant que matériau de construction de confinement qui est la dernière barrière pour isoler la matière radioactive de l'environnement. La compréhension des transferts dans le béton dans des circonstances graves, en particulier à étudier le comportement du béton sous haute température jusqu'à 200°C. Dans la première partie, un modèle de déshydratation a été appliqué dans le modèle thermo-hygro. Le modèle thermo-hygro a ensuite été mis en oeuvre pour simuler une maquette dont les résultats expérimentaux sont disponibles dans la littérature, sans tenir compte des comportements mécaniques. Enfin, des études paramétrique ont été réalisées pour étudier l'influence de certains paramètres. Le modèle à ensuite été appliqué à des structures sous vitesse de chauffage différente, et le modèle à ensuite été appliqué à des structure sous rythme de chauffage différents et celles avec des épaisseurs différentes pour comparer les profiles de température et de pression de gaz à travers de la mur
Nuclear power plant now takes an important part in the world's electricity generation. In human history, there have already been two tragic accidents in Chernobyl and Fukushima causing severe radioactive matter leakage. To pre- vent this kind of accident from happening again, concrete structure plays an important role as material of containment building, which is the last barrier to isolate the radioactive matter from the environment. Hence, the transfer properties of concrete under severe circumstances, especially high tempera- ture, are important for this usage. This PhD thesis aims to investigate the behavior of the concrete under high temperature up to 200°C. In the first part, a dehydration model was proposed. The model consists of different dehydration sub-models for main hydrates in the cement paste. In the second part, the dehydration model was implemented in a thermo-hygral model. The thermo- hygral model was then used to simulate a mock-up for which experimental results are available in the literature, without considering the mechanical behaviors. At last, parametric studies were performed to investigate the influ- ence of some parameters, and the model was then applied to structures under different heating rates, and structures with different thicknesses to compare the temperature and gas pressure profiles across a wall
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Issa, Nader. "Modes and propagation in microstructured optical fibres." University of Sydney. Physics and Optical Fibre Technology Centre, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/613.

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Microstructured optical fibres (MOFs), also commonly called photonic crystal fibres or holey fibres, describe a type of optical fibre in which continuous channels of (typically) air run their entire length. These `holes' serve to both confine electromagnetic waves within the core of the fibre and to tailor its transmission properties. In order to understand and quantify both of these functions, a new computational algorithm was developed and implemented. It solves for the eigenvalues of Maxwell's wave equations in the two-dimensional waveguide cross-section, with radiating boundary conditions imposed outside the microstructure. This yields the leaky modes supported by the fibre. The boundary conditions are achieved exactly using a novel refinement scheme called the Adjustable Boundary Condition (ABC) method. Two implementations are programmed and their computational efficiencies are compared. Both use an azimuthal Fourier decomposition, but radially, a finite difference scheme is shown to be more efficient than a basis function expansion. The properties of the ABC method are then predicted theoretically using an original approach. It shows that the method is highly efficient, robust, automated and generally applicable to any implementation or to other radiating problems. A theoretical framework for the properties of modes in MOFs is also presented. It includes the use of the Bloch-Floquet theorem to provide a simpler and more efficient way to exploit microstructure symmetry. A new, but brief study of the modal birefringence properties in straight and spun fibres is also included. The theoretical and numerical tools are then applied to the study of polymer MOFs. Three types of fibres are numerically studied, fabricated and characterised. Each is of contemporary interest. Firstly, fabrication of the first MOFs with uniformly oriented elliptical holes is presented. A high degree of hole ellipticity is achieved using a simple technique relying on hole deformation during fibre draw. Both form and stress-optic birefringence are characterized over a broad scaled-wavelength range, which shows excellent agreement with numerical modelling. Secondly, an analysis of leaky modes in real air core MOFs, fabricated specifically for photonic band gap guidance, is then used to identify alternative guiding mechanisms. The supported leaky modes exhibit properties closely matching a simple hollow waveguide, weakly influenced by the surrounding microstructure. The analysis gives a quantitative determination of the wavelength dependent confinement loss of these modes and illustrates a mechanism not photonic band gap in origin by which colouration can be observed in such fibres. Finally, highly multimode MOFs (also called `air-clad' fibres) that have much wider light acceptance angles than conventional fibres are studied. An original and accurate method is presented for determining the numerical aperture of such fibres using leaky modes. The dependence on length, wavelength and various microstructure dimensions are evaluated for the first time for a class of fibres. These results show excellent agreement with published measurements on similar fibres and verify that bridge thicknesses much smaller than the wavelength are required for exceptionally high numerical apertures. The influence of multiple layers of holes on the numerical aperture and capture efficiency are then presented. It shows that a substantial increase in both these parameters can be achieved for some bridge thicknesses. Simple heuristic expressions for these quantities are given, which are based on the physical insight provided by the full numerical models. The work is then supported by the first fabrication attempts of large-core polymer MOFs with thin supporting bridges. These fibres exhibit relatively high numerical apertures and show good agreement with theoretical expectations over a very wide scaled-wavelength range.
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Maillet, Alain. "Comparaison des effets endocriniens, métaboliques et cardio-vasculaires observés lors d'expériences d'alitement anti-orthostatique et de confinement." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T243.

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Glize, Kevin. "Étude du comportement collectif des speckles dans le développement de la diffusion Raman stimulée lors de l’interaction laser-plasma." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01226783/document.

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Abraini, Jacques Henri. "Réactions anxieuses et perturbations comportementales lors de confinements de longue durée en chambre hyperbare sous hautes pressions de mélanges respiratoires hydrogènes." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE2014.

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Le développement de la plongée profonde d'assistance à l'industrie pétrolière offshore a considérablement modifié les conditions de travail des scaphandriers. Dans ce type de plongée, les scaphandriers vivent dans des conditions de longue durée sous des pressions élevées correspondant à la profondeur du chantier sous-marin (tous les 10 mètres de profondeur la pression augmente d'une valeur égale à la pression atmosphérique). Au cours de cette étude, nous avons cherché à connaître, en termes de réactions anxieuses, les conséquences de telles conditions de vie et de travail. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé l'échelle d'anxiété de Cattell (ou anxiety scale questionnaire, ASQ). Nos résultats ne montrent l'existence de réactions anxieuses que chez certains sujets, présentant soit une difficulté à gérer et à exprimer de façon appropriée les tensions, soit une prédisposition constitutionnelle à l'anxiété. Par ailleurs, le développement des réponses anxieuses apparaît également en relation avec d'autres facteurs, environnementaux, physiques, ou sociaux. Ainsi, suivant les sujets, on note une relation entre la réaction anxieuse et (1) le niveau de profondeur ; (2) la durée de confinement ; (3) le contexte opérationnel (pression du ca) ; ou (4) des difficultés relationnelles
Life conditions during deep diving include long term confinement at pressure environment (pressure increases of 1 bar; i. E the value of atmospheric pressure, every 10 meters depth). During the present study, we used the Cattell anxiety scale questionnaire to determine whether such conditions of occupational diving could induce anxious reactions related to confinement or pressure. Our results show that only few subjects, with psychological characteritics such as an anxious guilt or an incapacity to cope with frustration, developed anxious reactions else where, anxious reactions appear in relations ship with other factors such as time of confinement, pressure, psychosocial events or diving operations
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Monteiro, Amélie. "Étude des mécanismes de réactivité chimique des précurseurs lors de l'élaboration d'un verre de confinement de déchet de haute activité : de l'expérimentation à la modélisation." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU30158.

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Le verre de conditionnement des déchets issus des solutions radioactives de haute activité est le produit des réactions chimiques entre un précurseur vitreux (fritte de verre) et le déchet. Par une succession d'étape, le déchet est séché, dénitré (calcination) puis mélangé à la fritte de verre (vitrification) pour être vitrifié à haute température. Afin d'obtenir un verre monophasé à l'état liquide puis un verre de qualité optimale après refroidissement, les réactions doivent être complètes pour permettre l'incorporation totale du déchet au sein du réseau vitreux. Dans cet objectif, les paramètres physico-chimiques mis en jeu lors de l'étape de calcination et de vitrification sont fixés grâce à des règles empiriques (température, taux d'adjuvant, taux de charge en déchet). Complémentaire à cette approche, ce travail apporte de nouveaux éléments de compréhension de la chimie et des mécanismes réactionnels mis en jeu dans le processus de vitrification, et permet de développer un modèle mathématique simulant les réactions chimiques dans la zone réactive lors de l'élaboration du verre de déchet. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus permettent de décrire précisément les différentes réactions chimiques en température à l'état solide, liquide et gazeux (thermique, morphologique, microstructurale et structurale), de calcinats simplifiés (NaNO3-Al2O3 ± MoO3/Nd2O3) en l'absence et en présence de fritte de verre (SiO2-Na2O-B2O3-Al2O3). Ils démontrent en particulier que la cristallisation du calcinat en elle-même n'est pas néfaste à la réactivité chimique mais que la nature et la stœchiométrie des phases cristallines formées ainsi que les cinétiques de transformation des calcinats (dénitration, cristallisation) peuvent modifier la réactivité chimique avec le verre et l'avancement des réactions. Ces résultats mettent alors en évidence comment le mode de dispersion des précurseurs, les propriétés physiques de la fritte de verre (viscosité, transition vitreuse) et la composition du calcinat (rapport Al2O3/Na2O) mais aussi sa cristallisation, peuvent modifier le processus de vitrification et l'homogénéité du verre final
The glass used to store high-level radioactive waste is produced by reaction of a solid waste residue and a glassy precursor (glass frit). The waste residue is first dried and calcined (to lose water and nitrogen respectively), then mixed with the glass frit to enable vitrification at high temperature. In order to obtain a good quality glass of constant composition upon cooling, the chemical reactions between the solid precursors must be complete while in the liquid state, to enable incorporation of the radioactive elements into the glassy matrix. The physical and chemical conditions during glass synthesis (e. G. Temperature, relative proportions of frit and calcine, amount of radioactive charge) are typically empirically adjusted to obtain a satisfactory final product. The aim of this work is to provide new insights into the chemical and physical interactions that take place during vitrification and to provide data for a mathematical model that has been developed to simulate the chemical reactions. The consequences of the different chemical reactions that involve solid, liquid and gaseous phases are described (thermal effects, changes in crystal morphology and composition, variations in melt properties and structure). In a first series of experiments, a simplified analogue of the calcine (NaNO3-Al2O3 ± MoO3/Nd2O3) has been studied. In a second series of experiments, the simplified calcines have been reacted with a simplified glass frit (SiO2-Na2O-B2O3-Al2O3) at high temperature. The results show that crystallization of the calcine may take place before interaction with the glass frit, but that the reactivity with the glass at high temperature is a function of the nature and stoichiometry of the crystalline phases which form at low temperature. The results also highlight how the mixing of the starting materials, the physical properties of the frit (viscosity, glass transition temperature) and the Na2O/Al2O3 of the calcine but also its crystallization all contribute to the success of the vitrification process and the homogeneity of the final glass
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Boubaker, Ahmed. "Influence de la capacité d'un mécanisme ductile à la console sur la réponse de pylônes de lignes aériennes lors d'un bris de conducteur." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5955.

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L’énergie électrique est devenue très importante dans la vie quotidienne. Pour atteindre les zones de grande consommation, l’électricité parcourt souvent de très grandes distances. Par exemple, pour acheminer l’énergie électrique de la Baie-James, centre de production important, jusqu’à Montréal, il y a près de 1 000 kilomètres de distance. Les bris de conducteurs causent des efforts dynamiques importants pouvant causer de lourdes pertes sur la ligne de transport. Réduire ces dommages et garder une distribution continue de l’énergie aux consommateurs est une préoccupation majeure pour les gestionnaires de réseaux électriques. Cette recherche porte sur l’étude de l’ajout d’un mécanisme ductile à la console des pylônes d’un canton de ligne soumis à un bris de conducteur. L’objectif principal de cette étude est de présenter une méthode pour évaluer la capacité optimale des consoles ductiles pour confiner la ruine causée par un bris de conducteurs. La clé est de trouver un équilibre entre la réduction du moment à la base des pylônes et le nombre de consoles plastifiées. L’étude comporte deux parties complémentaires. La première consiste à valider le modèle numérique avec les résultats d’un essai à échelle réduite disponible dans la littérature. La deuxième partie consiste à effectuer une étude paramétrique sur un canton composé de pylônes tubulaires en acier avec l’ajout du mécanisme ductile. L’étude paramétrique est effectuée sur le modèle pour étudier l’effet sur la réponse du système de la capacité de la console, la tension dans les câbles, la longueur de portée, la longueur de la chaîne d’isolateur et le choix de la loi de comportement du modèle. L’objectif de la console ductile est de réduire le moment à la base afin de réduire le nombre de pylônes subissant une ruine complète, tout en limitant le nombre de consoles affectées. Les modélisations réalisées avec le logiciel par éléments finis Code-Aster ont permis de reproduire la réponse dynamique du canton étudié après bris de conducteur. Les essais numériques ont permis d’observer une importante réduction du moment à la base au premier pylône. Pour des consoles ductiles dimensionnées pour des valeurs variant entre 40 % à 60 % de la capacité élastique de la console, la réduction du moment à la base du premier pylône peut atteindre de 30 % à 60 % du moment élastique selon le cas de chargement considéré, tandis que le nombre de consoles plastifiées varie entre 1 et 7 consoles.
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Yang, Chang. "Analyse et mise en oeuvre des schémas numériques pour la physique des plasmas ionosphériques et de tokamaks." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10183/document.

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Ce travail de thèse porte sur la modélisation et la simulation numérique des plasmas ionosphérique et Tokamak. La première partie de ce travail concerne la modélisation et la simulation numérique des effets de perturbations ionosphériques sur les communications terre-satellite. Le point départ de cette partie est l’analyse asymptotique du modèle de Euler-Maxwell conduisant ainsi au modèle Dynamo, qui se traduit en un couplage en 3D entre une équation elliptique pour le potentiel électrique et une équation de conservation de masse pour la densité du plasma. Du fait de la forte anisotropie de la matrice de diffusion associée a l’équation elliptique, on a developpé un schéma numérique préservant l’asymptotique permettant ainsi le bon conditionnement du systeme linéaire. La simulation de l’équation de conservation de masse est faite à l’aide de schémas de lois de conservation d’ordre elevé. La validation de ce modèle Dynamo s’obtient par une étude comparative avec le modèle Striation en 2D. Dans la deuxième partie, on s’intéresse au plasma Tokamak. On extrait du modele TOKAM3D, une équation de balance d’énergie de type non-linéaire en dimension 2 contenant toutes les difficultés numériques. Les méthodes numériques standard étant très coûteux en temps CPU, on developpe un schéma implicite-explicite prouvé efficace et stable pour ce type de problème. Enfin, ce schéma est combiné à une méthode de splitting dimensionnelle pour la discrétisation et des expériences numériques sont alors presentées
This thesis focuses on modeling and numerical simulation of ionospheric and Tokamak plasmas.The first part of this work concerns the modeling and simulation of ionospheric perturbations effects for earth-satellite communications. The starting point of this part is an asymptotic analysis of Euler-Maxwell model leading to Dynamo model, which results into a 3D coupling problem between an elliptic equation for the electric potential and a mass conservation equation for the plasma density. Because of the strong anisotropy of the diffusion matrix associated with the elliptic equation, we developed an asymptotic preserving numerical scheme thus allowing the well conditioned linear system. The simulation of the mass conservation equation is made by using high order conservation laws scheme. The validation of this model Dynamo is obtained by a comparison with the 2D Striation model. In the second part, we are interested in tokamak plasma. We extract from TOKAM3D model, a 2D nonlinear energy balance equation containing all the numerical difficulties. Standard numerical methods are very CPU consuming, thus we develop an implicit-explicit scheme shown efficient and stable for this type of problem. Finally, this scheme is combined with dimensional splitting method for the discretization and numerical experiments are then presented
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LI, CHUN-HSIU, and 李俊秀. "Study on the Relationship between Tunnel Advance Effect and Confinement Loss." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zuf7x6.

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碩士
中華大學
土木工程學系
106
In order to explore the applicability of the Convergence Confinement Method to simulate the third-direction forward excavation of the tunnel in two-dimensional analysis mode, the variation of convergence due to advancing excavation at different positions around a circular tunnel is verified with a confinement loss value. This study includes to use the confinement loss in the Convergence Confinement Method, to explore the relevant parameters of tunnel advancing effect function, to propose a method for predicting the confinement loss of tunnel pre-convergence and unsupported spans, and to establish the confinement loss curve of the tunnel. Finally, this analysis method is applied to the actual engineering tunnel cases studies. The numerical simulation of study that uses finite element analysis method (FEM) and explicit analysis method (EAM) is used to simulate the convergence in the tunnel excavation. The conditions of the analysis and simulation include: (1) anisotropic stress field of the lateral stress ratio 0.4 ≤ Ko ≤ 2.0, (2) unsupported/supported tunnel, and (3) Elastic/ elastic-plastic rock mass. The actual case study includes the measured convergence displacement of the Baguashan, New-Yongchun and New-Nanao tunnels. The local conditions include: (1) anisotropic stress field of the lateral stress ratio 0.4 ≤ Ko ≤ 2.0, (2) the different rock mass classifications, (3) the different tunnel excavation non-supported distance, and (4) the tunnel time effect. The convergence of the numerical simulation and the actual case, through the translation calculation and normalized method, that can obtain a confinement loss value that is not affected by the tunnel section locations and the lateral stress ratio. Through the regression analysis of the confinement loss value, we can know that the parameters η of the tunnel advancing effect function are affected by the surrounding rock properties. Regarding the influence of tunnel time effect this study proposes a translational calculation method to correct the convergence caused by the time effect. The results of the regression analysis are the same as those of the same rock mass classification without time effect. According to the above research results, the analysis program can be applied to the actual engineering, and the confinement loss curve which is not affected by the time effect, the tunnel section locations and the lateral stress ratio can be established. Keywords: Tunnel Advancing Effect, Convergence-Confinement Method, Confinement Loss, Finite Element Analysis Method, Explicit Analysis Method.
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LEE, WEN-YUAN, and 李文元. "Analysis and Estimation of the Confinement Loss Due to Unsupported Span in Tunneling." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45073097073090005312.

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博士
中華大學
土木工程學系
105
In the tunneling construction, since the cycle tunneling may cause a section of unsupported span on tunnel face, thus supporting structure should be set to maintain the tunnel safety, so as to ensure of keeping wall rock and supporting structure to be in a safety range with stable state during continuously advancing. However, in the analysis and design process of tunnel excavation and supporting, the distance of this cycle tunneling or how to transform the unsupported span into the quantified numbers for the force loss or the increase of displacement becomes a fuzzy and uncertain impact factor. In order to understand the quantified relationship between tunnel surrounding stress or displacement release energy that caused by the unsupported distance during the tunnel advancing; that is, the main purpose of this Study intended to investigate the relationship between the unsupported span and confinement loss during the cycle tunneling process. Methodology of this Study included that adopted the Convergence-Confinement Method theory as the foundation to deduce the relationship between unsupported span and confinement loss during tunneling. In addition, this Study is applied the hyperbolic function, hyperbolic tangent function and exponential function to tend to build the advancing effect function for simulating the convergence tendency on the tunneling measurements, as well as used the statistical Regression Analysis to figure out the relevant parameters for individual function, so as to establish the confinement loss curve to simulate the displacement distribution for the supporting structure during tunneling. Secondly, this Study intended to verify the correctness and feasibility of the confinement loss curve, it adopted the 2D finite element method, within different states of initial stress, to solve the result of measurement calculation of simulating the tunneling in elastic or elastoplastic wall rock with or without supporting. Moreover, this Study used actual cases of measurement convergence for tunneling in highways and railway, and applied the horizontal displacement and normalization to calculate the parameters for the tunnel advancing effect function, and further to obtain the estimation of the distribution tendency and values for the confinement loss curve. By executing theoretic analysis and calculating procedures, this Study achieved these performances: (1) Proposed how to build the analytic equation of the theoretic model for the tunnel advancing effect function and confinement loss curve; (2) Proposed the estimation equation for the initial confinement loss on tunnel face, and the confinement loss of unsupported span during tunneling; (3) Investigated on those relevant parameters of tunnel advancing effect function and their corresponding influence, including the investigation on the changes between initial convergence and convergence slope on tunnel face; (4) The Numerical results showed that the vertical displacement of tunnel wall rock treated by normalization method which can eliminate the impact of the surrounding locations and the lateral stress ratio during tunneling; (5) After comparing the convergence data of actual tunneling cross-section measurements, it showed the hyperbolic function to have more consistent distribution tendency; (6) According to the analytic results of tunneling cases, it can verify the feasibility of the analysis theory and the numerical estimation method for the confinement loss that proposed in this Study, so as to achieve the goal of being the reference to the analysis and design of tunneling construction.
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Books on the topic "Confinement loss"

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United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Aging. Subcommittee on Health and Long-Term Care. The rights of America's institutionalized aged: Lost in confinement : hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and Long-Term Care of the Select Committee on Aging, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, September 18, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.

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Stulman, Louis. Prophetic Words and Acts as Survival Literature. Edited by Carolyn J. Sharp. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859559.013.18.

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Informed by historical interests and contemporary trauma theories, this chapter reads written prophecy in the Hebrew Bible—as opposed to its oral iteration—as ancient Israel’s disaster and survival literature. Specifically, the literarization of prophecy connects word and sign-act to prophetic performance of the realities of trauma. When this complex alchemy “enacts” the horrors of war, exile, and confinement through the prism of word and deed, it (1) gives expression to unspeakable loss, (2) generates space for the work of grief, and (3) constructs new trajectories of meaning for survivors struggling to cope with the collapse of their social and symbolic worlds.
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Rush, Rebecca M. The Fetters of Rhyme. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691212555.001.0001.

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In his 1668 preface to Paradise Lost, John Milton rejected the use of rhyme, portraying himself as a revolutionary freeing English verse from “the troublesome and modern bondage of Riming.” Despite his claim to be a pioneer, Milton was not initiating a new line of thought—English poets had been debating about rhyme and its connections to liberty, freedom, and constraint since Queen Elizabeth's reign. This book traces this dynamic history of rhyme from the 1590s through the 1670s. The book uncovers the surprising associations early modern readers attached to rhyming forms like couplets and sonnets, and it shows how reading poetic form from a historical perspective yields fresh insights into verse's complexities. The book explores how early modern poets imagined rhyme as a band or fetter, comparing it to the bonds linking individuals to political, social, and religious communities. She considers how Edmund Spenser's sonnet rhymes stood as emblems of voluntary confinement, how John Donne's revival of the Chaucerian couplet signaled sexual and political radicalism, and how Ben Jonson's verse charted a middle way between licentious Elizabethan couplet poets and slavish sonneteers. The book then looks at why the royalist poets embraced the prerational charms of rhyme, and how Milton spent his career reckoning with rhyme's allures. Examining a poetic feature that sits between sound and sense, liberty and measure, the book elucidates early modern efforts to negotiate these forces in verse making and reading.
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Book chapters on the topic "Confinement loss"

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Tabassum, Shahli, Shahiruddin, Dharmendra K. Sing, and M. A. Hassan. "Low Confinement Loss Solid Core Rectangular Photonic Crystal Fiber." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 271–77. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6159-3_29.

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Sharma, Sneha, and Jitendra Kumar. "Highly Birefringent Fluoride Photonic Crystal Fiber with Low Confinement Loss." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 203–7. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2367-2_26.

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Ding, Yamin, and Yanmei Kang. "Dynamical Analysis of a COVID-19 Epidemic Model with Social Confinement and Acquired Immunity Loss." In NODYCON Conference Proceedings Series, 25–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81170-9_3.

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An, C. H., Robert Rosner, Zdzislaw E. Musielak, Ronald L. Moore, and Steven T. Suess. "Magnetic Confinement, Alfvén Wave Reflection, and the Origin of X-ray and Mass Loss “Dividing Lines”." In Mechanisms of Chromospheric and Coronal Heating, 445–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87455-0_76.

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Stock, Reinhard. "Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions and the QCD Matter Phase Diagram." In Particle Physics Reference Library, 311–453. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_7.

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AbstractThis review will be concerned with our knowledge of extended matter under the governance of strong interaction, in short: QCD matter. Strictly speaking, the hadrons are representing the first layer of extended QCD architecture. In fact we encounter the characteristic phenomena of confinement as distances grow to the scale of 1 fm (i.e. hadron size): loss of the chiral symmetry property of the elementary QCD Lagrangian via non-perturbative generation of “massive” quark and gluon condensates, that replace the bare QCD vacuum. However, given such first experiences of transition from short range perturbative QCD phenomena (jet physics etc.), toward extended, non perturbative QCD hadron structure, we shall proceed here to systems with dimensions far exceeding the force range: matter in the interior of heavy nuclei, or in neutron stars, and primordial matter in the cosmological era from electro-weak decoupling (10−12 s) to hadron formation (0.5 ⋅ 10−5 s). This primordial matter, prior to hadronization, should be deconfined in its QCD sector, forming a plasma (i.e. color conducting) state of quarks and gluons: the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP).
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Cartwright, D. C., J. F. Figueira, T. E. McDonald, D. B. Harris, and A. A. Hauer. "Status of Inertial Confinement Fusion Research at Los Alamos National Laboratory." In Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena, 11–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3804-2_2.

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Veneziano, Gabriele. "From the Hadronic String to Quantum Gravity ... and Back." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 113–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23042-4_9.

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AbstractI will outline the conceptual developments that led, through half a century, to the present formulation of string theory. The phenomenological observation of Dolen-Horn-Schmit “duality” in 1967, the formulation, a year later, of the Dual Resonance Model, and its eventual interpretation as a theory of quantum relativistic strings, marked the birth of the hadronic string. Immediately after, however, this elegant S-matrix theory of the strong interactions lost its phenomenological battle against a more, but not quite, conventional quantum field theory risking, around 1974, total oblivion. Nonetheless, ten years later, upon a huge rescaling of its intrinsic length scale, string theory made an impressive comeback as a candidate unified and finite quantum theory of all interactions, including gravity. This dream of a “Theory of Everything” has not come true yet, but new developments have uncovered an amazing new “duality” between gauge and gravitational interactions making it conceivable that the real hadronic string (the one implied by the confinement of quarks and gluons in QCD) will be eventually understood by addressing an easier gravitational problem.
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Carlton, Bree, and Joe Sim. "Deaths in sites of state confinement." In Loss, Dying and Bereavement in the Criminal Justice System, 54–63. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315270166-6.

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"Appendix Five: Modal Gain, Modal Loss, and Confinement Factors." In Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits, 565–77. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118148167.app5.

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Ebert, Edgar, Friedrich Fauser, and Markus Iseli. "RADIOACTIVITY CONFINEMENT FOR LOSS OF COOLANT ACCIDENTS IN NET." In Fusion Technology 1992, 1714–18. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89995-8.50336-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Confinement loss"

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Eltaieb, Rania A., Steeve Morency, Younès Messaddeq, Sophie LaRochelle, and Leslie A. Rusch. "Examining Confinement Loss in ANF Fibers." In 2023 Photonics North (PN). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pn58661.2023.10223011.

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Duan, Lian, Xinbing Wang, Quanzheng Xu, and Wei Chen. "Confinement Loss of Plasma-filled Microstructure Fiber." In Information Optoelectronics, Nanofabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iont.2012.if4a.17.

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Deja, Katarzyna. "Parton's Energy Loss in Unstable Plasmas." In Xth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.171.0175.

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Vincetti, L., V. Setti, and M. Zoboli. "Confinement Loss of Tube Lattice and Kagome Fibers." In Specialty Optical Fibers. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sof.2011.sowb3.

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Yao, Yuqin, and Shiyu Hu. "Research on Confinement Loss Characteristics of Crystal Fibers." In 2017 5th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering (ICMMCCE 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-17.2017.257.

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Sun, X., M. Z. Alam, J. S. Aitchison, and M. Mojahedi. "Comparison of confinement and loss of plasmonic waveguides." In 2012 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipcon.2012.6358773.

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Rediker, R. H., L. M. Eriksen, and T. A. Lind. "Dependence Of Y-Branch Loss On Waveguide Mode Confinement." In O-E/Fiber LASE '88, edited by Glen M. McWright and Henry J. Wojtunik. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.960130.

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Rosa, Lorenzo, and Luca Vincetti. "Analytical Estimation of Confinement Loss in Tube Lattice Fibers." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity and Poling in Glass Waveguides and Materials. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppm.2018.jtu5a.65.

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Hossain, Md Mahbub, and Md Maniruzzaman. "Analysis of dispersion and confinement loss in photonic crystal fiber." In 2014 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information Communication Technology (ICEEICT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceeict.2014.6919040.

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Chau, Yuan-Fong, and Chi-Yu Liu. "Ultrahigh Birefringence with Ultralow Confinement Loss of Photonic Crystal Fibers." In 2010 Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics (SOPO 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sopo.2010.5504112.

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Reports on the topic "Confinement loss"

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Takahashi, H., W. Morris, S. Sesnic, K. Bol, R. Fonck, B. Grek, G. Gammel, W. Heidbrink, R. Kaita, and S. Kaye. Loss of confinement following a sawtooth internal disruption in PBX tokamak. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6743401.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7245561.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7259120.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6915880.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6915883.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10111485.

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Petrov, M. P., R. Bell, R. V. Budny, N. N. Gorelenkov, S. S. Medley, and S. J. ,. PPPL Zweben. Global Confinement, Sawtooth Mixing, and Stochastic Diffusion Ripple Loss of Fast ICRF-driven H+ Minority Ions in TFTR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/289897.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Technical progress report, FY91. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10111491.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. Technical progress report, FY90. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10176987.

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Thayer, D. R. Salient issues of edge physics pertaining to loss of confinement: A resistive MHD analysis. FY91 technical progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10177589.

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