Journal articles on the topic 'Confidence circles'
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van den Heuvel, Charles, Scott B. Weingart, Nils Spelt, and Henk Nellen. "Circles of Confidence in Correspondence." Nuncius 31, no. 1 (2016): 78–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03101002.
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Science in the early modern world depended on openness in scholarly communication. On the other hand, a web of commercial, political, and religious conflicts required broad measures of secrecy and confidentiality; similar measures were integral to scholarly rivalries and plagiarism. This paper analyzes confidentiality and secrecy in intellectual and technological knowledge exchange via letters and drawings. We argue that existing approaches to understanding knowledge exchange in early modern Europe – which focus on the Republic of Letters as a unified entity of corresponding scholars – can be improved upon by analyzing multilayered networks of communication. We describe a data model to analyze circles of confidence and cultures of secrecy in intellectual and technological knowledge exchanges. Finally, we discuss the outcomes of a first experiment focusing on the question of how personal and professional/official relationships interact with confidentiality and secrecy, based on a case study of the correspondence of Hugo Grotius.
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Beh, Eric J. "Confidence circles for correspondence analysis using orthogonal polynomials." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Decision Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1173912601000037.
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An alternative approach to classical correspondence analysis was developed in [3] and involves decomposing the matrix of Pearson contingencies of a contingency table using orthogonal polynomials rather than via singular value decomposition. It is especially useful in analysing contingency tables which are of an ordinal nature. This short paper demonstrates that the confidence circles of Lebart, Morineau and Warwick (1984) for the classical approach can be applied to ordinal correspondence analysis. The advantage of the circles in analysing a contingency table is that the researcher can graphically identify the row and column categories that contribute or not to the hypothesis of independence.
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Beh, Eric. "Confidence Circles For Correspondence Analysis Using Orthogonal Polynomials." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Decision Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327612jamds0501_3.
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Freeman, Dexter R. "Using family circles to increase competency and confidence in social work." Journal of Family Social Work 21, no. 4-5 (August 23, 2018): 438–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10522158.2018.1496508.
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Guanio-Uluru, Lykke. "Education for Sustainability: Developing Ecocritical Literature Circles in the Student Teacher Classroom." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2019-0002.
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Abstract How can student-teachers learn efficient ways to encourage sustainability thinking in their pupils and fulfil the competence aims on sustainability outlined in national subject curriculums as a response to UNESCO’s programme on Education for Sustainable Development, ESD? The core hypothesis of this project was that tailored literature circles, focused on the ecocritical aspects of literary texts, would make student-teachers aware of how they can use literature as a process to reflect on sustainability. This would enable them to incorporate sustainability thinking into their own teaching practices. The project’s tailoring of the standard literature circle roles (Daniels 1994, 2002, 2006) involved the design of reading roles that highlighted ecocritical and generic aspects of the studied texts and the application of an analytical matrix developed by literary scholars researching the representation of nature in children’s and young adult literature. This article presents the results of a small-scale study testing the ecocritical literature circles approach and its impact on student-teachers’ conception of their own ability to meet the competence aims on sustainability in their teaching. The intervention included lectures on ecocriticism and on the posthuman debate prior to the literature circles and student feedback through pre- and post-circle questionnaires. It was implemented in the teacher-training classroom, working with dystopian science fiction texts for young adults. These texts present the reader with visions of the future. The study showed that the ecocritical literature circles, and in particular the ecocritical reading roles, were considered useful by the participating student-teachers. The participants also reported a significant increase in confidence relative to their own ability to discuss sustainability issues with their pupils.
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Karatay, Halit. "The Effect of Literature Circles on Text Analysis and Reading Desire." International Journal of Higher Education 6, no. 5 (September 19, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v6n5p65.
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In order to make teaching activities more appealing, different techniques and strategies have been constantly employed. In this study, the strategy of “literature circles” was utilized to improve the text-analysis skills, reading desires, and interests of prospective teachers of Turkish. “Literature circles” was not chosen to be used as the sole strategy throughout the entire weekly class hours; instead, it was used only for one class hour of every weekly four-hour classes, being complementary to and supportive of other teaching activities. The study was carried out as action research. A total of 92 third-year students in two sections of the department of Turkish Education voluntarily participated in the study. In order to improve the students’ book reviewing skills and reading interests, “literature circles” was implemented for a period of 12 weeks for one class hour. At the end of the implementation of “literature circles” when the students’ reading comprehension pre-test and post-test scores were compared, a significant difference was observed. Based on the results, it may be concluded that “literature circles” is effective in developing students’ abilities to find the theme, main idea, and keywords in a text. Besides, the students pointed out that the implementation of this strategy increased their interest and desire for communication, their self-confidence, cooperative learning, critical thinking, reading objectively without bias, and independent reading skills.
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Maxwell, Lara J., Dorcas E. Beaton, Beverley J. Shea, George A. Wells, Maarten Boers, Shawna Grosskleg, Clifton O. Bingham, et al. "Core Domain Set Selection According to OMERACT Filter 2.1: The OMERACT Methodology." Journal of Rheumatology 46, no. 8 (February 15, 2019): 1014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.181097.
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Objective.To describe the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 methodology for core domain set selection.Methods.The “OMERACT Way for Core Domain Set selection” framework consists of 3 stages: first, generating candidate domains through literature reviews and qualitative work, then a process of consensus to obtain agreement from those involved, and finally formal voting on the OMERACT Onion. The OMERACT Onion describes the placement of domains in layers/circles: mandatory in all trials/mandatory in specific circumstances (inner circle); important but optional (middle circle); or research agenda (outer circle). Five OMERACT working groups presented their core domain sets for endorsement by the OMERACT community. Tools including a workbook and whiteboard video were created to assist the process. The methods workshop at OMERACT 2018 introduced participants to this framework.Results.The 5 OMERACT working groups achieved consensus on their proposed core domain sets. After the Methodology Workshop training exercise at OMERACT 2018, over 90% of participants voted that they were confident that they understood the process of core domain set selection.Conclusion.The methods described in this paper were successfully used by the 5 working groups voting on domains at the OMERACT 2018 meeting, demonstrating the feasibility of the process. In addition, participants at OMERACT 2018 expressed increased confidence and understanding of the core domain set selection process after the training exercise. This methodology will continue to evolve, and we will use innovative technology such as whiteboard videos as a key part of our dissemination and implementation strategy for new methods.
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Möbus, G. "Monte-Carlo Estimations for the Precision of Iterative Structure Refinement in QHREM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010016296x.
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1.Introduction:Quantitative high-resolution TEM (QHREM) serves for the determination of structures of crystal defects. The structure retrieval problem is usually considered to be solved when a simulated image calculated from a model structure matches with high quality to the experimental image. Often, however, surprisingly large (and continuous) shifts of individual atomic columns are possible before the simulation looses its similarity to the experiment. Therefore, we propose printing structure retrieval results as “atomic ball pictures” with the radius of the ball as a circle of confidence (replacing the chemical atomic radius otherwise used for these pictures). Statistical methods are necessary to derive the proper radius of the circles which are element and site specific : Monte-Carlo based strategies are highly suitable for this purpose. As a model system we use two bulk sections from a micrograph of a Cu/Sapphire interface (Fig. 1). For interface properties see.
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Larcombe, W., A. McCosker, and K. O'Loughlin. "Supporting Education PhD and DEd Students to Become Confident Academic Writers: an Evaluation of Thesis Writers’ Circles." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.4.1.6.
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This paper critically evaluates the pilot of a Thesis Writers’ Circles program offered to Education PhD and DEd students at the University of Melbourne in semester 2, 2005. The analysis focuses on the needs of those students that were felt to be well-met by this model of support. Broadly, the paper identifies two distinct but inter-related themes: firstly, the challenge of developing writing skills to a level sufficient to meet the demands of preparing a research thesis; secondly, the importance for research higher degree students of building confidence as apprentice academic writers. In relation to the latter theme, the paper identifies the benefits of community participation and peer-collaboration in working towards the aim of consolidating a thesis-writing identity. It is in this capacity, we argue, that thesis writers’ circles have distinct advantages compared with other forms of candidature support, making them a valuable supplement to both conventional supervision practices and generic English language and thesis writing programs. The paper affirms the importance not only of equipping international and non-English speaking background (NESB) students with writing tools and strategies, but also of creating opportunities for all postgraduate research students to receive (and offer) non-judgmental feedback on work-in-progress within a discipline-specific learning and discourse community.
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Gajda, Agnieszka. "Rada Sądownictwa Irlandii Północnej." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 119 (January 20, 2020): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.119.19.
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JUDGES’ COUNCIL FOR NORTHERN IRELANDThe Judges’ Council for Northern Ireland was established in 2010. The only legal basis defining the principles of its operation and the procedure for appointing its members is the “constitution” adopted by the Council itself — the rules governing its action. The author analyses the competence and practice of this body and concludes that the Council has no imperative powers and that its role is limited to that of an advisory role. It has not been given the powers that are usually given to bodies of a similar nature. Despite this, the Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, as head of the judiciary, before making specific decisions usually decides to consult them with representatives of various judicial circles represented in the Council, which increases public confidence in his decisions and confidence in the judiciary.
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Dobia, Brenda, Roberto H. Parada, Sue Roffey, and Madelaine Smith. "Social and emotional learning: From individual skills to class cohesion." Educational and Child Psychology 36, no. 2 (June 2019): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2019.36.2.78.
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AimTo evaluate the impact and process of introducing Circle Solutions (Circles) in six primary schools.RationaleMany frameworks for social and emotional learning (SEL) aim to develop individual skills. Circle Solutions is based on a collective approach with a specific pedagogy. This paper explores the impact that Circle Solutions have on belonging and inclusion.MethodTeachers in six primary schools were trained in Circle Solutions and asked to run the intervention once a week for up to six months, with three additional schools providing a waitlist control condition. A mixed-method approach was used to evaluate changes in pupils social-emotional skills, behaviour and connectedness. Five teachers completed the Teacher Attitudes to Social Emotional Learning survey (TASEL) prior to and following the intervention. 157 pupils completed a modified version of the California Healthy Kids Survey (CHKS) plus two open-ended questions.FindingsAlthough quantitative findings did not indicate statistically significant differences, qualitative responses suggested that the introduction of Circle Solutions increased inclusiveness and valuing of others, developed students’ emotional awareness, enhanced a positive sense of self and stimulated student engagement. Teachers increased their sense of efficacy for teaching social emotional skills and identified improvements in teacher-student relationships as well as in student confidence, peer relationships, empathy, kindness, and student engagement.LimitationsIssues with systemic implementation were identified.ConclusionCircle Solutions appears to have the potential to improve relationships, contributing to more connected and inclusive classrooms where children feel valued and appreciate others. Consideration needs to be given to sustainability and methodology in the evaluation of such programmes. There is a role for educational psychologists in establishing and supporting this intervention as happened throughout this study.
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Lu, Yuting. "Chinese Storytelling in Domestic Animation Films from the Perspective of Cross-Cultural Communication——Take the Movie "Nezha" as an Example." MANDARINABLE : Journal of Chinese Studies 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/mandarinable.v1i2.447.
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With the deepening of cultural exchanges between countries in the world today, how to tell the "Chinese story" well and establish cultural self-confidence has become an indispensable part of China's comprehensive approach to the world. As a kind of cultural product, the effects and ways of cross-cultural dissemination of film are widely concerned by academic circles. Therefore, this paper takes the film "Nezha's Devil Child Comes into the World" as an example, analyzes the film's cultural communication advantages and difficulties, and proposes four cross-cultural communication strategies for the problems existing in the process of cross-cultural communication.
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Stedman, Gesa. "‘Restoring friendship and confidence as far as possible between the inimical nations’: Post-World War I Berlin through English eyes." Journal of European Studies 51, no. 3-4 (November 2021): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00472441211033412.
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Three British women writers and their memoirs or letters serve as the key witnesses to rapid change from war-torn Berlin to a highly desired tourist destination. The war-induced transition of Berlin was matched by the social changes for women whose traces can be found in the three texts: the writer’s position changes from that of the voyeuse to the flâneuse. While the old aristocratic cosmopolitanism in Evelyn Blücher’s and Helen D’Abernon’s circles was on the wane, a more middle-class cosmopolitanism, as exemplified by the Bloomsbury psychoanalyst and translator Alix Strachey, became more important in the aftermath of World War I. The three writers share an interest in social observation, but all three are tied by their particular upper-middle- or upper-class habitus. An image of Berlin emerges which predates Christopher Isherwood’s Berlin myth by at least a decade.
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Adamczyk, Wojciech. "Trzy skandale, trzy raporty. Redakcje i ombudsmani prasowi w sytuacjach kryzysowych na przykładach „The Washington Post”, „The New York Times” i „Los Angeles Times”." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2012.17.4.15.
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The paper deals with the issue of the supervision of the media that frequently exceed the standards observed by journalistic circles and their social environments. The direct victims of breaches of deontological principles in the profession and work of journalists primarily involve the recipients, journalistic circles and the reputation of a given medium. There are also indirect consequences, such as a loss of confidence that translates into lower sales or reduced advertising. In the cases that are commonly termed media scandals a crisis situation emerges. The analysis of the problem and the recovery of a tarnished reputation and lost confidence of recipients are usually performed by teams of experienced journalists, appointed ad hoc by edi-torial boards or by press ombudsmen working in the media, which is much less frequent. This paper discusses both scenarios. Three famous scandals have been selected from among many examples. One involves the 1980 case of the journalist Janet Cooke from The Washington Post whose Pulitzer Prize was withdrawn after she admitted that her award-winning story was a fabrication. Another case is the equally high-profile case of The Los Angeles Times from 1999, which marked a conflict of interest, following the publication of a special issue devoted to the sports arena that was being erected in the city at that time. The third scandal occurred in The New York Times in 2003, and concerned mass plagiarism and fabrication of press materi- als by that daily’s reporter, Jason Blair. The attempts to regain reader trust involved, among other things, the publication of reports drawn up by specially appointed teams of press ombudsmen.
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Saputra, Muhardi, Tubagus Prakoso, jaswir singh, Muhammad Syahputra Novelan, Abdul Meizar, and Siti Aisyah. "Determination of Shoe Quality by Comparison of Two Methods for Improve Selection." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (August 28, 2020): 649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug285.
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Using two methods in decision support according to some circles is very inefficient and redundant (excessive), because in terms of results will be the same. However, according to the author, it is not entirely true, sometimes comparing the two methods is necessary in increasing the confidence of the election (decision). Likewise, if we want to get something, we have to compare from several sources. So basically it will convince the choice (decision). The comparison of the two methods in this study is Simple Additive Weighted (SAW) and Weighting Product (WP) because it uses weight values as the basis of reference. The case told is choosing the quality of shoes based on the brand on the type of sport shoes (sports shoes). The purpose of this research is to determine the best shoe brand, but the main thing is to add value to the confidence of the choice because it has been tested by two methods.
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DRUGOV, Alexey Yu. "INDONESIA – PRESENT DYNAMICS OF THE DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS." Southeast Asia: Actual Problems of Development, no. 3(56) (2022): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2022-3-3-56-077-098.
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During almost 25 years since the beginning of the reformation era in 1998, the democratization process in Indonesia made quite remarkable progress in democratizing and modernizing the political system in the country due to four blocks of amendments to the Constitution in 1999 – 2002 and several laws. But the development of the democratic process is facing several obstacles such as separatism and rather high level of Islamic radicalism. Fighting these two the authorities sometimes are acting beyond the law norms. Some rather influential circles of the elite are of the opinion that the reforms are not in line with the Indonesian originality. The army is preserving important political role enjoying the highest level of confidence in the society compared with other state and social institutions.
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Jing, Shumei. "The Writing of Women’s Awakening Consciousness from the Perspective of Gender Criticism—Take the TV Series “The Little Nyonya” as an Example." Learning & Education 9, no. 3 (December 29, 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/l-e.v9i3.1601.
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Women’s liberation has always been the focus of gender criticism. Television “The Little Nyonya” from the feminist perspective, with hybrid living space in the form of Baba culture as the background, shaped the survival during the Anti-Japanese War in under cover of male supremacy, especially in the feudal etiquette, social circles to days of Tianlan, Juxiang, and Yueniang has represented the typical female characters, depicting the intelligence and qualities of Nyonya, shows them from swallowing the defense, active resistance to victory break free of this growth process into confusion, explore, growth, struggle and sacrifice. As a hymn reflecting women’s strength, courage, independence and confidence, “The Little Nyonya” has certain enlightening significance for the audience, especially the female audience, to think about their own life choices and pursuits.
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Chang, Peter. "Reauthorization of PDUFA: An Exercise in Post-Market Drug Safety Reform." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 36, no. 1 (March 2008): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1073110500010433.
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The recent withdrawals of Vioxx, Celebrex, and other drugs from the market have spurred high-profile hearings in Congress and increased concern over the state of drug regulation in consumer protection and academic circles. This renewed focus on national drug safety has translated ineluctably into new legislation designed to mitigate that outcry. The most notable example, the passage of the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act (FDAAA) this past September, is at least partly intended as a response to an apparent lack of public confidence in existing drug safety practices.Of the many provisions in the FDAAA, perhaps none carries greater implications for drug safety than the reauthorized Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA). Now in its fourth iteration, the newest PDUFA differs in important respects from the statute it supersedes.
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Andrew, Lesley, Ruth Wallace, and Ros Sambell. "A peer-observation initiative to enhance student engagement in the synchronous virtual classroom: A case study of a COVID-19 mandated move to online learning." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 18, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 184–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.18.4.14.
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The global COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated a rapid shift to online delivery in higher education. This learning and teaching environment is associated with reduced student engagement, a crucial prerequisite of student satisfaction, retention and success. This paper presents a case study that explored student engagement in the synchronous virtual learning environment, during the mandatory move to exclusive online learning in Australian higher education in April to June 2020. Three university instructors used the Teaching and Learning Circles Model to observe a series of their peers' synchronous virtual classrooms, from which they reflected on ways to enhance their own practice. The findings demonstrate how student engagement in these classrooms can be strengthened across the four constructs of Kahu and Nelson’s (2018) engagement conceptual framework: belonging; emotional response; wellbeing and self-efficacy. The case study also reveals limitations of the synchronous virtual environment as a means of supporting student engagement in the online learning and teaching environment, and proposes ways to address them. Against emerging reports of increased mental health issues among isolated university students during the current pandemic, the case study's recommendations to improve student wellbeing and belonging are particularly salient. This article also highlights the usefulness of the Teaching and Learning Circles Model of peer observation as a way to guide its participants' reflections on their own practice, support their collegiality with academic peers and build their confidence and competence in the synchronous virtual learning environment.
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Gemra, Anna. "Zbrodnie na współmałżonku w wybranych utworach Agathy Christie." Literatura i Kultura Popularna 26 (September 15, 2021): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0867-7441.26.6.
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According to statistical data, homicides, and other criminal offences in family circles rank first on the list. It applies primarily to the murders of spouses and partners. Also, in Agatha Christie’s novels the percentage of such crimes is very high. Out of 66 of her original novels, as many as 38 concern crimes committed by family members or household members as a main topic and in 15 of them it is a murder committed by a spouse. The motives of such crimes vary, i.e. greed, jealousy, hatred, love for another person or even love for a partner. Their victims are particularly defenceless: they do not expect an attack from those closest to them. Christie shows how over-trust in another person, gullibility, naivety, but also over-confidence, selfishness, and a belief in one’s own uniqueness can lead to a catastrophe.
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Smith, G. M. "Ambivalence in the Christian poetry of C.S. Lewis." Literator 20, no. 1 (April 26, 1999): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v20i1.442.
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This article examines the ambivalence expressed in certain of the explicitly Christian poems written by C.S. Lewis. As a writer his primary claim to fame is his Christian apologetics, in spite of the fact that he is well thought of in literary circles and produced several scholarly works. In the light of his considered Christian convictions, one would expect his poetry to voice a strong faith and confidence in God However, somewhat ironically, certain of his poems reflect his struggles and doubts concerning faith in an intensely personal register. Nevertheless, in spite of his ambivalent feelings towards God, he retains the certainty that God is able to transcend his human frailty and difficulties. The problem of faith is relevant in our own time, and it therefore seems fitting that we should examine certain of C.S. Lewis's poems in commemoration of the centenary year of his birth.
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Edwards, Laura D., and Elisabeth S. Nelson. "Visualizing Data Certainty: A Case Study Using Graduated Circle Maps." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 38 (March 1, 2001): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp38.793.
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Several techniques have been proposed for displaying data certainty on maps, but few have been empirically tested for effectiveness. While it is important to make data certainty information easily accessible, the addition of such data should not unduly increase map complexity. Thus, it becomes important for cartographers to examine the available methods for displaying this aspect of metadata and to test each for its effectiveness. The focus of this study was the display of data certainty information on graduated circle maps. Four types of accuracy indicators were evaluated for their effectiveness in communicating data certainty information. Two were traditional accuracy indicators: reliability diagrams and legend statements. Two were bivariate in form, one using a value-size combination and the other mimicking the idea of focus byn varying the line value of the graduated circles to suggest a fading of symbolization for least certain data. The study was designed to assess whether subjects could identify data certainty information on test maps, and evaluate how accurately and confidently they could extract and interpret both thematic and data certainty information. Mean accuracy and confidence rates were compared for maps using different accuracy indicators to evaluate their relative effectiveness. Results suggest that subjects had most difficulty identifying and extracting data certainty information using maps that employed legend statements. They were most successful when data certainty was wedded to thematic data on the map using the bivariate accuracy indicator that mimicked the concept of focus. Identification and extraction of thematic data values were not significantly affected by choice of accuracy indicator.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "The Extent of Homogeneity in the Distribution of Petrophysical Properties that Affecting the Primary and Enhanced Oil Recoveries of Reservoir Rocks in Zubair Formation of South Iraq." Baghdad Science Journal 5, no. 3 (September 7, 2008): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.5.3.383-386.
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Records of two regionalized variables were processed for each of porosity and permeability of reservoir rocks in Zubair Formation (Zb-109) south Iraq as an indication of the most important reservoir property which is the homogeneity,considering their important results in criterion most needed for primary and enhanced oil reservoirs.The results of dispersion treatment,the statistical incorporeal indications,boxes plots,rhombus style and tangents angles of intersected circles indicated by confidence interval of porosity and permeability data, have shown that the reservoir rocks of Zubair units (LS),(1L) and (DJ) have reservoir properties of high quality,in contrast to that of Zubair units (MS) and (AB)which have reservoir properties of less quality than the rest.In addition,the co- efficient of the central tendency of permeability data for the reservoir rocks have indicated the homogeneity,systematic and normal distribution, in contrast to porosity data of (DJ) & (AB) units that follow a distribution which predominate in difference and heterogeneity in their values.
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Quesada, Iñaki Tofiño. "Book Review: Jelena Subotić, Yellow Star, Red Star: Holocaust Remembrance after Communism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2019." NETSOL: New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences 6, no. 2 (December 13, 2021): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24819/netsol2021.12.
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In 2010, Claus Leggewie, a German professor of Political Science, tried to define what he called “the seven circles of European memory”, common memories shared, in theory, by all Europeans: - European unification as a success story which, however, has had little impact on European self-confidence; - the notion of Europe as a continent of immigrants; - European colonialism and colonial massacres, such as the Herero massacre, as forerunners of the Holocaust; - War and wartime memories, specially about World Wars I and II; - Population transfers and ethnic cleansings as pan-European traumas (for example, the Armenian genocide or the Ukranian Holodomor); - Soviet communism; - The Shoah as Europe’s negative founding myth. At that time, he saw the possible problems caused by the imposition of the Holocaust as “the matrix for dealing with communist state crimes against humanity across the whole of Eastern Europe” (Leggewie 4), which might lead “these nations to exploit this consensus [Eastern European countries having been victims of the Soviet empire] in order to relativize or conceal their participation in the murder of the Jews” (Leggewie 5).
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Islam, M. Rafiqul, SM Lutful Kabir, and Md Serazul Islam. "Women’s empowerment through small-scale dairy farming in Bangladesh: a study on some selected areas of Mymensingh district." Asian-Australasian Journal of Food Safety and Security 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aajfss.v3i2.55930.
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The study was designed to explore the women’s empowerment through small-scale dairy farming in Bangladesh. Small-scale dairy farm owners constituted the population of the present study. Among the population, the households who were actively engaged in dairy farming activities more than one year in the selected area of Mymensingh district, they were considered as the sample unit. For data collection, 50 households from the sample unit were randomly selected for interview. Simple percentages were calculated to show the frequency distribution at different categories of variables. Through small-scale dairy farming, rural women were able to increase their confidence and decision-making power with regard to their household and personal care and experienced increased self-esteem, expansion of their social circles, and ultimately enhanced empowerment through the breakdown of traditional socio-cultural norms. Thus, the expansion of small-scale dairy farming in other rural areas of Bangladesh is likely to contribute to the empowerment of more rural women.
Asian Australas. J. Food Saf. Secur. 2019, 3(2), 85-95
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Fukuda, Tsuyoshi, Chie Emoto, Rebecca A. Marsh, Lisa Neumeier, Alexander A. Vinks, and Parinda A. Mehta. "Precision Dosing of Alemtuzumab: Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Non-Malignant Diseases." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 2203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2203.2203.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION:A commonly utilized reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) of patients with non-malignant disorders consists of alemtuzumab (Campath), fludarabine, and melphalan. Our group recently showed that the risks of acute graft vs host disease (GVHD) and the development of mixed chimerism following this regimen are determined by the peri-transplant levels of alemtuzumab, and recommended a potential optimal Day 0 (D0) alemtuzumab level in the range of 0.2-0.4 µg/mL (Marsh et al, Blood 2016). Additionally, patients with Day 0 alemtuzumab levels >0.6ug/mL also had delayed immune reconstitution post-transplant. We have since conducted a prospective 'intensive sampling' pharmacokinetics (PK) study of subcutaneous alemtuzumab in pediatric patients undergoing HCT (Marsh et al. EBMT Oral Presentation 2016). PK data showed a large inter-individual variability in alemtuzumab exposure and D0 levels. Importantly, levels correlated with pre-transplant absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and underlying diagnoses. Due to the direct effects of alemtuzumab levels on important HCT outcomes, it is desirable to optimize its dosing. Ideal dosing will be where there is adequate alemtuzumab on D0 to prevent acute GVHD but not too much so as to increase the risk of mixed chimerism and/or delay early post-HCT immune recovery. In order to support targeted precision dosing of alemtuzumab in a prospective clinical trial, we have developed a population PK (PPK) model for Bayesian adaptive control. METHODS: Pediatric patients (n=17) with non-malignant disorders receiving subcutaneous alemtuzumab as a part of their preparative regimen were prospectively enrolled in our 'intensive sampling' PK study. The median age of patients was 7.0 years (3.0-11.0) and median weight was 32.2 kg (16.2-58.9). Alemtuzumab was subcutaneously administered starting on Day -14 at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg/day for 5 days (total dose of 1 mg/kg). Alemtuzumab plasma concentrations were quantified by validated flow cytometric assay. The plasma concentrations at pre-dose, 30 minutes, and 8 hours after each dose, followed by daily levels until Day 0 were used for PPK analysis. PPK analysis was performed using nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM, version 7.2). Bayesian estimation was conducted using MW/Pharm software (version 3.6). RESULTS: A one-compartment model with first order absorption best described the PK of alemtuzumab (Figure 1). Model fit was significantly improved by including body weight with allometric scaling for clearance and the volume of distribution (p<0.01). Goodness-of-fit plots did not show systematic bias. Model parameter estimates were within the 95% CIs of median values obtained by bootstrap analysis. Bayesian estimation with the developed PPK resulted in well predicted alemtuzumab concentration-time profiles in each patient (Figure 2). CONCLUSION:This is a first study to develop a PPK model of alemtuzumab after subcutaneous administration in pediatric transplant patients. Our model can be used for Bayesian estimation of individual PK to support alemtuzumab precision dosing in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic HCT using the alemtuzumab, fludarabine, and melphalan containing RIC. Precision dosing of alemtuzumab will in turn optimize transplant outcomes for these high risk patients, by minimizing acute GVHD and mixed chimerism, along with improving post-HCT immune reconstitution. Figure 1 Visual predictive check of alemtuzumab PK model developed using pediatric data Circles: observed plasma concentrations; solid gray lines: lower (5th), middle (50th, median) and upper (95th) percentiles of the observed data; dot-dashed black lines, 5th, 50th, 95thpercentiles of the predicted data; shaded areas, confidence intervals around the prediction intervals in each bin. Figure 1. Visual predictive check of alemtuzumab PK model developed using pediatric data. / Circles: observed plasma concentrations; solid gray lines: lower (5th), middle (50th, median) and upper (95th) percentiles of the observed data; dot-dashed black lines, 5th, 50th, 95thpercentiles of the predicted data; shaded areas, confidence intervals around the prediction intervals in each bin. Figure 2 Population PK model predicted vs. Individual prediction of alemtuzumab concentration-time profile in a representative patient Dotted line: population prediction; solid line: individual prediction; circles: observed plasma concentrations. Figure 2. Population PK model predicted vs. Individual prediction of alemtuzumab concentration-time profile in a representative patient. / Dotted line: population prediction; solid line: individual prediction; circles: observed plasma concentrations. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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DADI, SRI, and Oong Oong. "PENDIDIKAN NILAI KARAKTER SISWA DALAM KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER DI PONDOK PESANTREN TAHFIDHUL QUR’AN AL IKHLAS SUKOHARJO." Intelegensia : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/intelegensia.v9i2.2068.
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AbstractEducation in Indonesia has not been fully matured in instilling the tradition of character education as a performance in culture and religiuity in public life. This research aims to describe the value of student character in extracurricular activities in pesantren al ikhlas. Research in the form of qualitative descriptive with social psychology approach. The location of the research in pesantren Tahfidhul qur'an al ikhlas scratch Demakan Mojolaban Sukoharjo. The research was conducted in March 2021. The trainers, principals, waka madrasah students, karate and scouts became the primary data sources and subjects in this study. Secondary data sources in this study in the form of research results, scientific works, guidebooks, articles and others that can support. Data collection techniques using interview, observation and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques use interactive models that take place in overlapping circles. The results of the study found a pattern of education in Pondok Pesantren Al Ikhlas. The values of character found in extracurricular activities are discipline, confidence, religion, responsibility, and sportsmanship. Then the values of character in scouting activities include being responsible, trustworthy, willing to help, steadfast, diligent, skilled, happy, disciplined, courageous and loyal.Keyword: Character Education, Extracurricular, Pesantren Al Ikhlas.
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Luo, Rutao, E. Fabian Cardozo, Michael J. Piovoso, Hulin Wu, Maria J. Buzon, Javier Martinez-Picado, and Ryan Zurakowski. "Modelling HIV-1 2-LTR dynamics following raltegravir intensification." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 10, no. 84 (July 6, 2013): 20130186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0186.
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A model of reservoir activation and viral replication is introduced accounting for the production of 2-LTR HIV-1 DNA circles following antiviral intensification with the HIV integrase inhibitor raltegravir, considering contributions of de novo infection events and exogenous sources of infected cells, including quiescent infected cell activation. The model shows that a monotonic increase in measured 2-LTR concentration post intensification is consistent with limited de novo infection primarily maintained by sources of infected cells unaffected by raltegravir, such as quiescent cell activation, while a transient increase in measured 2-LTR concentration is consistent with significant levels of efficient ( R 0 > 1) de novo infection. The model is validated against patient data from the INTEGRAL study and is shown to have a statistically significant fit relative to the null hypothesis of random measurement variation about a mean. We obtain estimates and confidence intervals for the model parameters, including 2-LTR half-life. Seven of the 13 patients with detectable 2-LTR concentrations from the INTEGRAL study have measured 2-LTR dynamics consistent with significant levels of efficient replication of the virus prior to treatment intensification.
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Bajin, Zoran. "Miroslav Spalajkovic, the Serbian Minister in Russia in the july crisis of 1914." Balcanica, no. 47 (2016): 217–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1647217b.
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One of those who played a supporting role in the prologue of the great European tragedy of 1914 was Miroslav Spalajkovic, the Serbian Minister in St Petersburg. Known as a sworn enemy of Austria-Hungary, he was a close associate of the Serbian Prime Minister Nikola Pasic. The latter was aware of Spalajkovic?s weaknesses but trusted him nevertheless. Although Spalajkovic had spent a brief period of time in St Petersburg prior to the July Crisis and could not have exerted considerable influence on the Russian ruling circles, he spared no effort to secure support for Serbia in the face of Vienna?s sabre-rattling. In fact, the Russians did not need a Serbian diplomat to point out what was obvious: that they could not allow the destruction of an independent and pro-Russian Serbia on the southern border of Austria-Hungary. Having sensed the political mood in St Petersburg, he enthusiastically reported to his government that Serbia would not be left in the lurch. His dispatches boosted self-confidence in Serbia and made its leaders firmer in their resistance to Austria-Hungary?s demands.
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DiVenere, V. J., and N. D. Opdyke. "Paleomagnetism of the Maringouin and Shepody formations, New Brunswick: a Namurian magnetic stratigraphy." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-082.
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Two hundred thirty-five oriented cores were taken in a stratigraphic sequence of 575 m of red sediments from the Namurian Maringouin and Shepody formations. These samples were taken from the south-dipping limb of the Maringouin Anticline on the Maringouin Peninsula in eastern New Brunswick. An additional 59 samples of the Maringouin and Shepody formations were taken from the north-dipping limb for separate fold tests. Progressive thermal demagnetization to temperatures as high as 700 °C permitted the resolution of an intermediate-temperature, syn-folding B component and a high-temperature, pre-folding C component. The C-component mean for the Maringouin Formation yields a north paleopole at 32.4°N, 121.3°E. The Shepody Formation mean yields a paleopole at 35.7°N, 124.3°E. The circles of confidence (α95) for the Maringouin and Shepody formations are 3.8 °and 4.6°, respectively. Plotting sample polarity versus stratigraphie position yields the first coherent magnetic stratigraphy from the late Paleozoic of North America, with five discrete reversed-polarity and five discrete normal-polarity zones. The magnetic field in Namurian times had approximately 50% normal and 50% reversed polarity.
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BAILEY, CRAIG. "Micro-credit, misappropriation and morality: British responses to Irish distress, 1822–1831." Continuity and Change 21, no. 3 (December 2006): 455–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416006006047.
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This article charts the vicissitudes of an economic experiment that aimed to eradicate distress in early-nineteenth-century Ireland. The London Committee for Irish Relief was formed in 1822 and was the first large-scale, charitable response in Britain to famine conditions in Ireland. The Committee believed that poverty was the cause rather than the effect of ‘the Irish problem’ and tried to initiate change by providing the poor with financial resources. Despite some initial successes, allegations over misappropriation of funds created a climate of distrust about the Committee's policies. These allegations mounted over the decade, and when Ireland once again faced extreme distress, in 1831, they caused a rift in London's charitable circles, producing two organizations: the Irish Distress Committee, which argued that poverty was the causal factor, and the Western Committee for Irish Relief, which identified Catholicism as the source of Ireland's problems. This division reflected a more general loss of confidence in plans to solve Ireland's endemic poverty through the promotion of economic activity. These events coincided with hardening attitudes towards Catholics and the poor throughout the British Isles and played an important role in the development of policies on Irish relief in the nineteenth century.
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Dăianu, Daniel. "EURO zone crisis and EU governance: Tackling a flawed design and inadequate policy arrangements." Acta Oeconomica 62, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 295–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aoecon.62.2012.3.1.
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This paper focuses on the roots of strain in the European Monetary Union (EMU). It argues that there is need for a thorough reform of the EU governance structure in conjunction with radical changes in the regulation and supervision of financial markets. The EMU was sub-optimal from its debut and competitiveness gaps did not diminish against the backdrop of its inadequate policy and institutional design. The euro zone crisis is not related to fiscal negligence only; over-borrowing by the private sector and poor lending by banks, as well as a one-sided monetary policy also explain this debacle. The EMU needs to complement its common monetary policy with solid fiscal/budget underpinnings. Fiscal rules and sanctions are necessary, but not sufficient. A common treasury (a federal budget) is needed in order to help the EMU absorb shocks and forestall confidence crises. A joint system of regulation and supervision of financial markets should operate. Emergency measures have to be comprehensive and acknowledge the necessity of a lender of last resort; they have to combat vicious circles. Structural reforms and EMU level policies are needed to enhance competitiveness in various countries and foster convergence.
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Bornmann, Lutz, Moritz Stefaner, Felix de Moya Anegón, and Rüdiger Mutz. "Ranking and mapping of universities and research-focused institutions worldwide based on highly-cited papers." Online Information Review 38, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-12-2012-0214.
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Purpose – The web application presented in this paper allows for an analysis to reveal centres of excellence in different fields worldwide using publication and citation data. Only specific aspects of institutional performance are taken into account and other aspects such as teaching performance or societal impact of research are not considered. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Based on data gathered from Scopus, field-specific excellence can be identified in institutions where highly-cited papers have been frequently published. Findings – The web application (www.excellencemapping.net) combines both a list of institutions ordered by different indicator values and a map with circles visualising indicator values for geocoded institutions. Originality/value – Compared to the mapping and ranking approaches introduced hitherto, our underlying statistics (multi-level models) are analytically oriented by allowing the estimation of values for the number of excellent papers for an institution which are statistically more appropriate than the observed values; the calculation of confidence intervals as measures of accuracy for the institutional citation impact; the comparison of a single institution with an “average” institution in a subject area: and the direct comparison of at least two institutions.
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Al Khawli, Toufik, Hamza Bendemra, Muddasar Anwar, Dewald Swart, and Jorge Dias. "Introducing data analytics to the robotic drilling process." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 45, no. 3 (May 21, 2018): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-01-2018-0018.
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PurposeThis paper presents a method for extracting the geometric primitives of a circle in a three-dimensional space from a discrete point cloud data set obtained by a laser stripe sensor. This paper aims to first establish a reference frame for the robotic drilling process by detecting the position and orientation of a reference hole on structural parts in a pre-drilling step, and second, to perform quality inspection of the hole in a post-drilling step.Design/methodology/approachThe method is divided into the following steps: a plane is initially fitted on the data by evaluating the principle component analysis using singular value decomposition; the data points or measurements are then rotated around an arbitrary axis using the Rodrigues’ rotation formula such that the normal direction of the estimated plane and thez-axis direction is parallel; the Delaunay triangulation is constructed on the point cloud and the confidence interval is estimated for segmenting the data set located at the circular boundary; and finally, a circular profile is fitted on the extracted set and transformed back to the original position.FindingsThe geometric estimation of the circle in three-dimensional space constitutes of the position of the center, the diameter and the orientation, which is represented by the normal vector of the plane that the circle lives in. The method is applied on both simulated data set with the addition of several noise levels and experimental data sets. The main purpose of both the tests is to quantify the accuracy of the estimated diameter. The results show good accuracy (mean relative error < 1 per cent) and high robustness to noise.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed method is applied here to estimate the geometric primitives of only one circle (the reference hole). If multiple circles are needed, an addition clustering procedure is required to cluster the segmented data into multiple data sets. Each data set represents a circle. Also, the method does not operate efficiently on a sparse data sets. Dense data are required to cover the hole (at least ten scans to cover the hole diameter).Practical implicationsResearchers and practitioners can integrate this method with several robotic manufacturing applications where high accuracy is required. The extracted position and orientation of the hole are used to minimize the positioning and alignment errors between the mounted tool tip and the workpiece.Originality/valueThe method introduces data analytics for estimating the geometric primitives in the robotic drilling application. The main advantage of the proposed method is to register the top surface of the workpiece with respect to robot base frame with a high accuracy. An accurate workpiece registration is extremely necessary in the lateral direction (identifying where to drill), as well as in the vertical direction (identifying how far to drill).
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Fitria, Tira Nur. "Characterization Analysis of the Main Character in “Hichki” Movie." Vivid: Journal of Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (July 27, 2021): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/vj.10.1.6-17.2021.
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Characterization is the author’s effort in presenting the character of the characters. It is made to build and develop the characters in a story. This characterization is related to the attitudes, desires, interests, emotions, and moral principles of the characters. This characterization also suggests the embodiment and development of the characters in the story. The objectives of this research are to analyze the characterization of the main characters in “Hichki” movies. The approach used in this analysis is descriptive qualitative research, the research data are from dialogues between characters in the movie that are linked to character characterization. The results of this research show that Naina Mathur is the main character or central figure in the “Hichki” movie. She is Tourette’s syndrome sufferer. The characterizations are educated woman, always keep the spirit and never give up, have confidence, stands to belief and stick to the principles, protective, optimistic, creative, responsible, and being a good teacher. This movie shows the character of Naina Mathur as a teacher who is rarely found in educational circles. Like teachers who are challenged to guide their students to develop according to their respective talents. Naina Mathur is a central character where her character becomes the essence as well as the beginning until the ending of the story.
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Atkins, Anne E., Michael F. Cogley, and Mei W. Baker. "Newborn Screening for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Do Preterm Infants Require Special Consideration?" International Journal of Neonatal Screening 7, no. 3 (July 8, 2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijns7030040.
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The Wisconsin Newborn Screening (NBS) Program began screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in 2008, using real-time PCR to quantitate T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) in DNA isolated from dried blood NBS specimens. Prompted by the observation that there were disproportionately more screening-positive cases in premature infants, we performed a study to assess whether there is a difference in TRECs between full-term and preterm newborns. Based on de-identified SCID data from 1 January to 30 June 2008, we evaluated the TRECs from 2510 preterm newborns (gestational age, 23–36 weeks) whose specimens were collected ≤72 h after birth. The TRECs from 5020 full-term newborns were included as controls. The relationship between TRECs and gestational age in weeks was estimated using linear regression analysis. The estimated increase in TRECs for every additional week of gestation is 9.60%. The 95% confidence interval is 8.95% to 10.25% (p ≤ 0.0001). Our data suggest that TRECs increase at a steady rate as gestational age increases. These results provide rationale for Wisconsin’s existing premature infant screening procedure of recommending repeat NBS following an SCID screening positive in a premature infant instead of the flow cytometry confirmatory testing for SCID screening positives in full-term infants.
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Jayaram, Mahesh, Ranganath D. Rattehalli, and Clive E. Adams. "Where Does Evidence from New Trials for Schizophrenia Fit with the Existing Evidence: A Case of the Emperor's New Clothes?" Schizophrenia Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/625738.
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Advent of “atypical” antipsychotics has spawned new trials in the recent years and the number of such trial reports has been increasing exponentially. As clinicians we have been led to believe that “atypicals” are better than “typicals” despite the odd dissenting voice in academic and clinical circles. This has been largely ignored until the publication of two landmark, independent, pragmatic trials, Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) and Cost Utility of the Latest Antipsychotic Drugs in Schizophrenia Study (CUtLASS), which proved that thoughtfully chosen “typical” antipsychotics were as good as the newer “atypicals.” We pooled “leaving the study early data” from Cochrane Reviews that existed before CATIE and CUtLASS and added data from CATIE and CUtLASS to the pool for a “before and after” comparison. Addition of CATIE and CUtLASS data only led to narrowing of the already existing confidence intervals, merely increasing precision, and decreasing the risk of Type II error. Perhaps surprisingly, CATIE and CUtLASS when pooled with the already existing data showed us that we had chosen to turn a blind eye to findings that already existed. This leads clinicians to question as to whether, in future, we need to feel less guilty about crying out early on that the emperor has no clothes on.
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Kostrikis, Leondios G., Giota Touloumi, Rose Karanicolas, Nikos Pantazis, Cleo Anastassopoulou, Anastasia Karafoulidou, James J. Goedert, and Angelos Hatzakis. "Quantitation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Forms with the Second Template Switch in Peripheral Blood Cells Predicts Disease Progression Independently of Plasma RNA Load." Journal of Virology 76, no. 20 (October 15, 2002): 10099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.20.10099-10108.2002.
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ABSTRACT There are several forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA in peripheral blood T cells and lymph nodes in untreated HIV-1-infected individuals and in patients whose plasma HIV-1 RNA levels are suppressed by long-term combination antiretroviral therapy. However, it remains to be established whether the concentration of HIV-1 DNA in cells predicts the clinical outcome of HIV-1 infection. In this report, we measured the concentration of HIV-1 DNA forms which has undergone the second template switch (STS DNA) and 2-long-terminal-repeat DNA circles in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples. To do this, we used molecular-beacon-based real-time PCR assays and studied 130 patients with hemophilia in the Multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study. We assessed the influence of baseline HIV-1 STS DNA levels on the progression of HIV-1 disease in the absence of combination antiretroviral therapy by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Among the patients who progressed to AIDS, the median levels (interquartile ranges) of STS HIV-1 DNA in PBMC were significantly higher than those of patients who remained AIDS free during the 16 years of follow-up (1,017 [235 to 6,059] and 286 [31 to 732] copies per 106 PBMC, respectively; P < 0.0001). Rates of progression to death and development of AIDS varied significantly (log rank P < 0.001) by quartile distribution of HIV-1 STS DNA levels. After adjustment for age at seroconversion, baseline CD4+ T-cell counts, plasma viral load, and T-cell-receptor excision circles, the relative hazards (RH) of death and AIDS were significantly increased with higher HIV-1 STS DNA levels (adjusted RH, 1.84 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.30 to 2.59] and 2.62 [95% CI, 1.75 to 3.93] per 10-fold increase per 106 PBMC, respectively). HIV-1 STS DNA levels in each individual remained steady in longitudinal PBMC samples during 16 years of follow-up. Our findings show that the concentration of HIV-1 STS DNA in PBMC complements the HIV-1 RNA load in plasma in predicting the clinical outcome of HIV-1 disease. This parameter may have important implications for understanding the virological response to combination antiretroviral therapy.
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Karemu, Grace, Musa Nyakora, Erastus M. Thoronjo, and Evans Nyamboga Mandere. "Assessment of Employees` Involvement influence on Performance of MTNOs in Kenya." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 24, 2021): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1085.
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The objective of the study was to assess the extent of employees` involvement on performance of MTNOs in Kenya. Sub-variables used for the independent variable were: employees` autonomy, quality circles and employees` suggestion schemes. Performance of Mobile Telephone Operators in Kenya was assessed in terms of profit margins and market share. Mixed methodology was used in collecting and interpreting data. Primary data was gathered using self-guided semi-structured questionnaires and secondary data was obtained from published profit margins and percentages of market share obtained from the companies` reports. Study population was 6,167 which included all the employees in the Mobile Telephone Network Operators in Kenya and a total sample size of 361 employees was obtained but 258 questionnaires were filled and returned. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence interval and 0.05 α level of significance. Study null hypothesis (H0) stated that: Employees` involvement does not have a positive influence on performance of MTNOs in Kenya. Regression analysis model demonstrated that employees` involvement had a positive influence on organizations’ performance of MTNOs accounting for 48.3% of the performance (R squared = .483). The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between employees` involvement and organization`s performance therefore rejecting the null hypothesis H0 at β = .695 and P = .000.
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Karemu, Grace, Musa Nyakora, Erastus M. Thoronjo, and Evans Nyamboga Mandere. "Assessment of Employees` Involvement influence on Performance of MTNOs in Kenya." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 24, 2021): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1085.
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The objective of the study was to assess the extent of employees` involvement on performance of MTNOs in Kenya. Sub-variables used for the independent variable were: employees` autonomy, quality circles and employees` suggestion schemes. Performance of Mobile Telephone Operators in Kenya was assessed in terms of profit margins and market share. Mixed methodology was used in collecting and interpreting data. Primary data was gathered using self-guided semi-structured questionnaires and secondary data was obtained from published profit margins and percentages of market share obtained from the companies` reports. Study population was 6,167 which included all the employees in the Mobile Telephone Network Operators in Kenya and a total sample size of 361 employees was obtained but 258 questionnaires were filled and returned. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence interval and 0.05 α level of significance. Study null hypothesis (H0) stated that: Employees` involvement does not have a positive influence on performance of MTNOs in Kenya. Regression analysis model demonstrated that employees` involvement had a positive influence on organizations’ performance of MTNOs accounting for 48.3% of the performance (R squared = .483). The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between employees` involvement and organization`s performance therefore rejecting the null hypothesis H0 at β = .695 and P = .000.
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Rohrbasser, Adrian, Geoff Wong, Sharon Mickan, and Janet Harris. "Understanding how and why quality circles improve standards of practice, enhance professional development and increase psychological well-being of general practitioners: a realist synthesis." BMJ Open 12, no. 5 (May 2022): e058453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058453.
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ObjectivesTo understand how and why participation in quality circles (QCs) improves general practitioners’ (GPs) psychological well-being and the quality of their clinical practice. To provide evidence-informed and practical guidance to maintain QCs at local and policy levels.DesignA theory-driven mixed method.SettingPrimary healthcare.MethodWe collected data in four stages to develop and refine the programme theory of QCs: (1) coinquiry with Swiss and European expert stakeholders to develop a preliminary programme theory; (2) realist review with systematic searches in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and CINHAL (1980–2020) to inform the preliminary programme theory; (3) programme refinement through interviews with participants, facilitators, tutors and managers of QCs and (4) consolidation of theory through interviews with QC experts across Europe and examining existing theories.Sources of dataThe coinquiry comprised 4 interviews and 3 focus groups with 50 European experts. From the literature search, we included 108 papers to develop the literature-based programme theory. In stage 3, we used data from 40 participants gathered in 6 interviews and 2 focus groups to refine the programme theory. In stage 4, five interviewees from different healthcare systems consolidated our programme theory.ResultRequirements for successful QCs are governmental trust in GPs’ abilities to deliver quality improvement, training, access to educational material and performance data, protected time and financial resources. Group dynamics strongly influence success; facilitators should ensure participants exchange knowledge and generate new concepts in a safe environment. Peer interaction promotes professional development and psychological well-being. With repetition, participants gain confidence to put their new concepts into practice.ConclusionWith expert facilitation, clinical review and practice opportunities, QCs can improve the quality of standard practice, enhance professional development and increase psychological well-being in the context of adequate professional and administrative support.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42013004826.
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Horgan, Denis, Bettina Borisch, Ivana Cattaneo, Mark Caulfield, Arturo Chiti, Christine Chomienne, Amanda Cole, et al. "Factors Affecting Citizen Trust and Public Engagement Relating to the Generation and Use of Real-World Evidence in Healthcare." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (February 1, 2022): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031674.
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The potential for the use of real-world data (RWD) to generate real-world evidence (RWE) that can inform clinical decision-making and health policy is increasingly recognized, albeit with hesitancy in some circles. If used appropriately, the rapidly expanding wealth of health data could improve healthcare research, delivery of care, and patient outcomes. However, this depends on two key factors: (1) building structures that increase the confidence and willingness of European Union (EU) citizens to permit the collection and use of their data, and (2) development of EU health policy to support and shape data collection infrastructures, methodologies, transmission, and use. The great potential for use of RWE in healthcare improvement merits careful exploration of the drivers of, and challenges preventing, efficient RWD curation. Literature-based research was performed to identify relevant themes and discussion topics for two sets of expert panels, organized by the European Alliance for Personalised Medicine. These expert panels discussed steps that would enable a gradual but steady growth in the quantity, quality, and beneficial deployment of RWE. Participants were selected to provide insight based on their professional medical, economic, patient, industry, or governmental experience. Here, we propose a framework that addresses public trust and access to data, cross-border governance, alignment of evidence frameworks, and demonstrable improvements in healthcare decisions. We also discuss key case studies that support these recommendations, in accordance with the discussions at the expert panels.
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Indermaur, David. "Engaging the Public in the Development of Sentencing Policy." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 1, no. 1 (November 5, 2012): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v1i1.66.
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The issue of the lack of confidence in the courts provides an opportunity for us to consider the question of how sentencing policy is formulated and whether there is room for improvement in the process. It is argued in this paper that the legitimacy of the courts and public satisfaction with sentencing can both be enhanced if we were to carefully provide for the inclusion of an informed and deliberating public into policy formulation. Such a strategy would not only quell the loose and ill-defined ‘public opinion’ that characterises the tabloids; it would also enhance the transparency and the public acceptance of policy. The paper considers the continuum of possibilities for including the public from the gratuitous exploitation of the public voice by populists and media entrepreneurs using top-of-the-head opinion polls through to informed public opinion, public consultation process and ultimately the democratisation of sentencing policy. It is argued that this continuum can be seen as reflecting both the amount of true power given to the public voice as well as the amount of respect given to public input. Much of the fear of public inclusion in elite circles concerns public opinion as depicted in the media which is largely ‘public emotion’. It is argued that, when properly integrated, the inclusion of the public voice in the policy formulation process will have the same salutary effect that the jury has on the criminal trial.
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Ariav, Talia. "Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita: An independent poet of the Kaveri delta, or: The forgotten model of genealogical authorship." Indian Economic & Social History Review 59, no. 3 (July 2022): 273–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00194646221109291.
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Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita is widely recognised as one of the leading figures of early modern Sanskrit literature. He is also remembered—in popular narratives and in academic circles alike—as a minister at Tirumalai Nāyaka’s court in Madurai. This essay offers a corrective to this story and reflects on the historiographical mishaps that shaped it. I show that Nīlakaṇṭha lived most of his life around Thanjavur in the Kaveri delta and left no trace of an affiliation with a court or a patron. Rather, he took pride in being an independent author and teacher. I then take the opportunity to propose a forgotten model of authorship that Nīlakaṇṭha embodied. I suggest thinking of Nīlakaṇṭha as a ‘genealogical poet’, committed exclusively to his lineage of male family members and teachers. His genealogical commitments go hand in hand with an active teaching career, a radical interpretation of an existing literary and economical ideal of writerly independence (sarvatantrasvatantra) and a confidence in the survival of his legacy through future generations of students and family members. The genealogical economy also gives rise to an aesthetics and ethics of intimacy that shape Nīlakaṇṭha’s distinctive authorial signature. While I would argue that Nīlakaṇṭha is a genealogical poet par excellence, this model may be applied in different measures and constellations to other figures and contribute to a better understanding of the social realities that shape literary and intellectual histories of early modern South Asia and beyond.
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Tomić, Daniel, Jurica Šimurina, and Luka Jovanov. "The Nexus between Economic Sentiment Indicator and Gross Domestic Product; a Panel Cointegration Analysis." Zagreb International Review of Economics and Business 23, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zireb-2020-0008.
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AbstractEconomic Sentiment Indicator (ESI) became the most popular composite indicator within the EU with the purpose of monitoring and/or forecasting business cycles in one country or for a region as a whole. Since it is calculated regularly, on a monthly base, and is based on five distinct confidence indicators, the main concern is whether the ESI can be explained and/or can explain the current, past or future values of relevant macroeconomic variables. This implies its relevance in predicting both short- and long-term economic outcomes of, for example, variation in income, unemployment fluctuations, consumption change, inflation modifications, sectoral alterations and etc. The question that arises often in academic, as well as within the EU decision-making circles is whether the ESI be used as an explanatory variable with valuable information for modelling the national output developments. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to reveal the true strength and significance in the ESI-GDP nexus for the EU. Empirical research is based on panel cointegration analysis that utilizes data on the ESI and GDP over the period 2000-2018 for the EU28 countries. The causal relationship between the variables appears to be consistent in the short- and long-run across the panel, suggesting that ESI movements do explain movements in national output, hence can help both private and public sector decision-makers to evaluate their goals and plan their actions.
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Sahrasad, Herdi. "INDONESIA AND CORONA PANDEMIC: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INDONESIAN MUSLIM RESPONSES ON COVID-19 PANDEMIC." HIKMATUNA: Journal for Integrative Islamic Studies 8, no. 1 (September 8, 2022): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/hikmatuna.v8i1.4613.
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This paper explains that in the case of the Corona(Covid-19) pandemic in Indonesia, many Muslim scholars and clerics differed in their response to the Corona outbreak, in which they give a different perspective that confuses people who do not really understand the Islamic teachings associated with this Corona outbreak. However, in the context of the responses of Muslimscholars toward Corona pandemic, it is recognized that the effort to overcome the Corona pandemic (Covid-19) through Medicine and Pharmacy is a human endeavor to strive for human safety in the world. This effort continues even though it is not easy. But many Muslim scholars and religious circles react emotionally and the leaders of these religious organizations will cause many followers or worshipers or members who then no longer believe or are pessimistic and lose confidence in certain sects. The government also cannot take advantage of this opportunity to make the direction of change more rational, more humane and civilized. Though this opportunity for change is available quite often in the span of productive power. In this context, many social scientists, especially anthropologists, have researched extraordinary drastic changes due to epidemics, pandemics or natural disasters, both due to human error and due to extreme pandemics and extreme natural changes. Indonesia as a developing country now is undergoing many unplanned drastic changes, and because of this, many social changes occur irregularly and without direction at all.
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Oti, Janet Agyarkwaa. "Culinary competencies and diet patterns of undergraduate students of the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana." Research Journal of Food Science and Nutrition 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/rjfsn2022.136.
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While substantial literature exists on the culinary competencies and diet patterns of the young adult population around the world, little is known about these variables in the Ghanaian context and much less in the university circles. In view of this dearth in literature, this study investigated the culinary competencies and diet patterns of undergraduate students of the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana, within the context of the Social Cognitive Theory. In line with the positivist paradigm, this study utilized the correlational research design, where through the quantitative approach, 3,065 students were sampled using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. After meeting validity and reliability requirements, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study which was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation and inferential (Pearson Moment Correlation) statistics. The findings of the study revealed that the culinary competencies of undergraduate students of the University of Education, Winneba, was undesirable, even though they exhibited cooking confidence than cooking frequency and cooking attitude. Besides, the findings further disclosed that students exhibited undesired diet patterns where majority often skipped meals, occasionally ate three square meals, occasionally ate fruits and vegetables and rarely observed regularity in mealtimes. Furthermore, it was discovered that generally there was a weak but statistically significant positive relationship between undergraduate students’ culinary competencies and diet patterns. Hence, the study identifies the need by way of recommendations for nutrition education programmes for students to improve their culinary competencies since it has implications on their diet patterns.
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Hunsaker, Amanda, Minh Hao Nguyen, Jaelle Fuchs, Gökçe Karaoglu, Teodora Djukaric, and Eszter Hargittai. "I Do Help: Older Adults as Digital Media Support Providers for Their Peers." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1516.
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Abstract Older adults include highly sophisticated digital media users among their numbers for whom diverse methods of using online technology are a daily occurrence. Given that some older adults are quite tech-savvy, it follows that they may also provide digital media support to others. This study examines technological support-giving abilities and experiences of older adults. We completed in-depth qualitative interviews with older adults (ages 59+) in Hungary, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Turkey (N=63) exploring: (1) whether older adults give digital media support and reasons for (not) doing so; (2) how older adults provide support and to whom; and (3) experiences of providing support with IT security specifically. The research team conducted consensus meetings to identify themes and coding schemes, and memo writing to share findings and ensure reliability across and within coders. Overall, a large number of our participants reported giving digital media support, primarily within their social circles. The kinds of help provided highly varied from navigating the Internet to choosing devices and managing security settings. We also find mutual support – support given to each other – an important domain for how people in this age group share assistance for technical problems. While some participants did not provide help with digital technology because they lacked confidence to do so, others believed they could, but were never asked. That such a prominent amount of support providers exist in this age group implies that peer-led technical support approaches may be especially salient and effective in helping older adults use digital media.
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Naumov, Aleksandr O. "Moscow's Position on the Remilitarization of the Rhineland." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 4 (2022): 1199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.410.
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The article examines the problem of the remilitarization of the Rhineland by Nazi Germany in March 1936 through the prism of the perception of this event in the Soviet military and political-diplomatic circles. Special attention is paid to the analysis of archival materials introduced into scholarly circulation for the first time, allowing a new look at the position of the USSR during the development of crisis trends in the Versailles system of international relations. The author comes to the conclusion that the Rhineland crisis played a crucial role in changing the balance of power in Europe, dramatically strengthening the position of Nazi Germany and weakening the position of France. Great Britain, after the remilitarization of the Rhineland, embarked on the path of appeasing the aggressors. In fact, this event was the starting point of the crisis of the interwar order, which eventually led to the outbreak of World War II. Surrendering one position after another and making concessions to Hitler’s Germany, Great Britain and France were unable to achieve their main goal – to prevent a new world war, only strengthening the confidence of European dictators in the expediency of achieving their goals by force. In these difficult conditions, as archival documents show, there was a clear understanding in Moscow how dangerous the development of destructive events in European politics was. When forming its own foreign policy line, the Kremlin objectively assessed both the true intentions of the Hitler regime and the essence of the foreign policy maneuvers of Western democracies.
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Vinogradov, Andrey Yu, and Mikhail S. Zheltov. "The Last Will of Metropolitan Constantine I of Kiev and the Kanon “At the Parting of the Soul from the Body”." Slovene 3, no. 1 (2014): 43–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2305-6754.2014.3.1.2.
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The article puts forward the suggestion that the mysterious last will of Metropolitan Constantine I of Kiev, in which he ordered that after his death his body should be torn to pieces by dogs instead of receiving a proper burial, was inspired by a very specific literary text. This text is still used in the Orthodox Christian tradition; it is known as the hymnographical kanon “At the Parting of the Soul from the Body.” While nowadays this kanon is used in the course of an ordinary liturgical rite, in the 12th century, when it first appeared, it was used among some Byzantine intellectual and ascetic circles as a particular element of personal piety. The 12th century is exactly the epoch of Constantine's activities, and the description of а funeral procedure given by this kanon is very close to the last will of Constantine. The kanon “At the Parting of the Soul from the Body” has close ties to another hymn of roughly the same epoch—the “Penitential” kanon written after the 5th chapter of the “Ladder” of John Climacus. Both kanons conceal a didactic story under the structure of a hymnographic pattern. What is more important, both are from the very beginning intertwined with a distinct illustrative program: each monostrophe is accompanied by a specific picture, which discloses the contents of the text. These “comics-like” stories have no parallel among other Byzantine kanons. Finally, both kanons witness the growth of the influence of Palestinian and, more generally, Eastern ascetic traditions on the monastic practices of Constantinople and its surrounding regions. This influence was associated, most of all, with the Evergetian movement, with its strict disciplinary and fasting rules, etc. Metropolitan Constantine, who was an outstanding representative of the Byzantine intellectual elite of those times, should have been acquainted—at the very least!—with this movement. Moreover, the conflicts of the bishops in his circle with the Russian princes concerning the fasting discipline suggest that Constantine was trying to introduce the new Evergetian ascetic standards among the Russians. Thus, the literal adherence to the provisions of the kanon “At the Parting of the Soul from the Body” at the funeral of Metropolitan Constantine Ι should be interpreted as a sign of his full confidence in his ideals.