Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Confiance envers le management'
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Perrin, Thibault. "Employee-management social exchange trust relationship : a heterogeneous relational capital source of competitive advantage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/210712_PERRIN_853ra674hrcue392qe202wds_TH.pdf.
Full textTrust may play an intra-organizational coordination role, source of economic performance. We investigate the pivotal role of management between employees and shareholders expectations. We adhere to social exchange theory positioning management as an initiator of trust, that - when aggregated at the organizational level into a relational capital - constitutes a source of competitive advantage. We consider Great Place To Work® rankings based on trust as an accurate empirical field. We combine three different databases to conduct research at the individual level, and we aggregate data at the organizational level to conduct longitudinal research (i.e., over 5 years). First, we proceed with an exploratory factor analysis to introduce a new trust in management scale. Second, we cluster trust in management into a relational capital and proceed with hierarchical linear modelling to conclude that best workplaces generate more heterogeneous capital than organizations that did not make the list. Third, we rely on a random sample to address endogeneity issues and identify organizations experiencing above-normal levels of relational capital. We conduct propensity score matchings to compare their return on assets with similar organizations. We find that organizations with above-normal levels of relational capital outperform their competitors. We contribute to a silent literature on heterogeneous relational capital as a source of competitive advantage. Research implications are addressed to improve management actions towards employees. Finally, our findings and limitations call for future research on the role of managers, generating a heterogeneous relational capital
Arif, Kaoutar. "Inciter et impliquer les salariés dans un contexte de recherche de responsabilité sociale des entreprises : process et enjeux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MON30002.
Full textManagement science research presents a body of work on the topic of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and organisational behaviour. Corporate Social Responsibility is a concept that first emerged in the business world by questioning organisational transformation and the role of human resource management (HRM). In this thesis, we have opted for a social approach to CSR by asking the following research question: Does the perception of CSR by employees condition their organisational involvement behaviours? To answer this question, we mobilised various theories, in particular the theory of organisational trust. From a methodological point of view, we conducted twenty-eight interviews for the quali- tative investigation and a quantitative questionnaire distributed via LimeSurvey to 120 companies. The construction of these field data, allow us to enrich the understanding of the impact of CSR perceptions on the behaviour and attitudes of employees in terms of organisational involve- ment. In this thesis, CSR appears to be the result of a social construct within organisations in search of meaning. The weight of wage perceptions is at the heart of the issues that determine change and employee involvement in modern organisations. CSR is at the heart of HRM. For us, it is a process that accelerates the mechanisms of incentives and employee involvement
Barthou, Adrien. "Confiance et reliance envers les systèmes en fonction de leur apparence physique." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066441.
Full textLebatto, Stéphane. "La proximité perçue envers un produit alimentaire : un facteur favorable à l'acceptabilité des innovations alimentaires par la médiation de la confiance initiale ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3032.
Full textThe goal of our research is to comprehend the proximity between people and foods they eat. First of all, reviews of the literature and a qualitative study based on interviews of 40 people have allowed demonstrating that the concept of proximity is multifaceted, and explicit and implicit as well. A quantitative survey conducted on 277 people allowed to build a proximity measurement tool. The scale grouping 45 items around 14 dimensions namely, culture, childhood, traceability, local, pleasure, habit, expertise, identity, uniqueness, value, health, nostalgia, conviviality and dependence. In another calisson related quantitative study conducted at the Museum of the calisson in Aix-en-Provence, France, the proximity measurement tool was tested and validated. It showed that the proximity comes after the acceptance via the initial trust of consumers and can discriminate them based on the dimensions of proximity they look for. A new-calisson related survey of 481 French people was conducted online during the first trimester of 2016. This survey helped to confirm the local scale in the case of a new product and to test our research model as well. These studies allow, through structural equations, to test the impact of different forms of proximity on the initial trust and acceptability. This corroborates the predictive power of proximity. The results show that the initial trust is a partial mediator between the proximity and the acceptability
Gueye, Birahim. "La généralisation de la confiance dans les réseaux de franchise : développement et test d’un modèle." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL12013.
Full textIn this study, we develop and test a model of trust generalization in franchise networks based on the relational contract theory and organizational socialization concept. We show that trust can emerge between franchisor and any franchisee if the franchise contract is seen as relational governed by norms of role integrity, solidarity, flexibility and equity. Trust between franchisees can follow to a process of institutionalized socialization, who conducts to share essentials values, the same vision on the organization, and the emergence of a corporate culture. Altogether, trust generalization in franchise networks comes from institutional mechanisms of relational contract and a process of institutionalized socialization. We assume that the most important consequences of trust generalization in franchise organizations are more commitment of the franchisees, a better cooperation between all members, and a great performance for all
Vu, Van-Hoan. "Infrastructure de gestion de la confiance sur internet." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00611839.
Full textBen, Amor Haythem. "Le rôle de la confiance dans le management des connaissances : cas des communautés de pratique." Paris 13, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA131004.
Full textKnowledge Management (KM) in firms has known a remarkable evolution. The latter’s objective is to resolve various problems such as the “surplus of information”, which characterizes the environment and the employees’ voluntary or forced mobility. Nevertheless, knowledge management does not necessarily imply its success. Indeed, various factors can influence it , notably : culture, leadership, technology, time motivation and especially trust, considering that it constitutes a determining factor of the collective performance, in particular in the case of communities and teams, the production of which is marked by a strong intangible intensity. This research seeks to identify the role of trust in Knowledge Management. The objective is to demonstrate that the success of KM depends largely on the development and preservation of a reliable relation within the concerned actors and between the employees and their organization
Legrand, Véronique. "Confiance et risque pour engager un échange en milieu hostile." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0041.
Full textNowadays, the electronic form of exchanges offers a new media able to make easy all information access, ubiquitous access, everywhere and everytime. But, at the same time, such a media - new, opened and complex - introduces unknown threats and breaches. So, how can we start up trust exchanges? From the system theory point of view, the cybernetic regulation maintains the sys-tems equilibrium with negative feedback loops. In this way, the defense line is based on a set of defense components still named Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in order to block flow, to control anomalies and give out alerts messages if deviances are detected. Nev-ertheless, most of these messages concern only anomalies of machines and very little of human. So, messages do not take into account neither psychological behavior nor the dynamic of the context. Furthermore, messages suffer of the "big data" problem and become confused due to too much velocity, volume and variety. Finally, we can limit this problem to the understanding difficulty during the access to the specific knowledge in connection with the message. For example, the identity theft with the XSS attack is an illustration of this unfriendly environment. On the contrary, the living sciences show that organisms follow a positive regulation by where each one itself adapts according to his complexity. For that, they deploy adapted and continuous environment monitoring process still named "homeostasis". During this cycle, inputs capture information, then outputs adjust in response corre-sponding actions : this is the feedback. The strength of such a mechanism lies on the information meaning and in particular on the clues they include. In fact, some of these information include clues by which organisms can explain situations. For example, the information « attention" alludes to dangerous situation. This faculty comes from ad-vanced knowledge having first explicit relationship with this information: this relation forms what we call the "cognitive loop". To illustrate this phenomenon, the cognitive sciences often evoke "a friend immediately recognized by her friend" despite he is swal-lowed up in the crowd. But, the cognitive loop should not be broken. Like the living beings functioning, our work propose a cognitive model named Diag-nostic And Incident Model (DIM). The main idea lies on the context-aware model in order to adapt itself like "homeostasis". DIM has been founded on the principle of the "cognitive loop" where the inputs are the "logs" of numerics systems. So, in order to make easier the comparison between contextual and known situation, we will design "logs" and advanced knowledge by a common model. DIM proposes a conceptual struc-ture to extract clues from massive and various "logs” issued from environment based on advanced knowledge acquisition. Then, we propose the cognitive structure will be applied to the anomaly detection, incident management and diagnosis process
Baudry, Marie-Josèphe. "Manager donator versus manager oeconomicus : Une étude des relations hiérarchiques au sein d'entreprises, une proposition de formation au management éthique conversation, participation, coopération, don, reconnaissance, confiance. : conversation, participation, coopération, don, reconnaissance, confiance." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2009/document.
Full textIn spite of the ambient profiteering, the conviction that an ethical management vouch economic interest, led the author, an experienced manager, assuming a critical attitude, to consider a managerial training preparing the managers with the practice of a such managerial mode. Thus the management, at the same time science and knowledge, at the same time art, deserves and needs, on the one hand the examination of managerial theories, and of the other hand an approach based on notions of social philosophy, such as the notion of responsability, such us the gift-paradigm according to Mauss, coupled with the notion of recognition (this pair defined by Caillé), notion developed by Honneth in addition, this recognition revealed sometimes in the appearence of confidence. The study of ordinary relationships in the managerial links, between employees or individual contributors and managers, indicates divergences and convergences between the practice of managers and the wishes of employees
Van, Den Berg Cindy. "Quels leviers pour une collaboration efficace ? : le rôle de la confiance et de la culture : le cas de la fusion-acquisition entre Air-France et KLM." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E006.
Full textMerger-acquisition is the most widespread mode of external development for dealing with the changing environment of business (Jacob and Poitras, 2015). The main objective of a merger-acquisition is most often seeking for synergies. However, in order to achieve the objectives of the new entity, individuals must work together to create collective efficiency that adds value to the work they realize (Morin, 2015). Nevertheless, we find no studies in the scientific literature on how to promote effective inter-individual collaboration after a merger-acquisition.This PhD proposes a research model integrating the various determinants of collaboration and pays particular attention to the extent of the influence of trust and culture that play, according to the existing literature, an important role in the effectiveness of inter-individual collaboration. The results of a qualitative study, based on 44 interviews, and a quantitative study, based on 301 questionnaires, that are both realized at Air France-KLM, allow us to see that trust and culture have an important and indirect influence on the effectiveness of collaboration.Our study confirms firstly the importance of studying inter-individual collaboration by showing that its effectiveness determines 68% of the realization of the objectives of the organization. Secondly, we observe that trust is essential for good communication and strong social cohesion, which in turn account for 58% of the effectiveness of collaboration. Thus, we remark that interpersonal trust influences the effectiveness of collaboration indirectly. This is also the case for culture. Power distances in corporate culture and avoidance of uncertainty in national culture have a negative impact on trust and social cohesion. Since social cohesion and communication determine the effectiveness of collaboration, we could conclude that cultural aspects influence the effectiveness of collaboration indirectly
Abdelghani, Wafa. "A multi-dimensional trust-model for dynamic, scalable and resources-efficient trust-management in social internet of things." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30231.
Full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm that has made everyday objects intelligent by giving them the ability to connect to the Internet, communicate and interact. The integration of the social component in the IoT has given rise to the Social Internet of Things (SIoT), which has overcome various issues such as interoperability, navigability and resource/service discovery. In this type of environment, participants compete to offer a variety of attractive services. Some of them resort to malicious behavior to propagate poor quality services. They launch so-called Trust-Attacks (TA) and break the basic functionality of the system. Several works in the literature have addressed this problem and have proposed different trust-models. Most of them have attempted to adapt and reapply trust models designed for traditional social networks or peer-to-peer networks. Despite the similarities between these types of networks, SIoT ones have specific particularities. In SIoT, there are different types of entities that collaborate: humans, devices, and services. Devices can have very limited computing and storage capacities, and their number can be as high as a few million. The resulting network is complex and highly dynamic, and the impact of Trust-Attacks can be more compromising. In this work, we propose a Multidimensional, Dynamic, Resources-efficient and Scalable trust-model that is specifically designed for SIoT environments. We, first, propose features to describe the behavior of the three types of nodes involved in SIoT networks and to quantify the degree of trust according to the three resulting Trust-Dimensions. We propose, secondly, an aggregation method based on Supervised Machine-Learning and Deep Learning that allows, on the one hand, to aggregate the proposed features to obtain a trust score allowing to rank the nodes, but also to detect the different types of Trust-Attacks and to counter them. We then propose a hybrid propagation method that allows spreading trust values in the network, while overcoming the drawbacks of centralized and distributed methods. The proposed method ensures scalability and dynamism on the one hand, and minimizes resource consumption (computing and storage), on the other. Experiments applied to synthetic data have enabled us to validate the resilience and performance of the proposed model
Mercier-Wiart, Françoise. "Le management de l'école à l'épreuve de réalités éducatives et sociales. Entre confiance et défiance. Etude de cas." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00838703.
Full textMercier-Wiart, Françoise. "Le management de l'école à l'épreuve de réalités éducatives et sociales. Entre confiance et défiance : étude de cas." Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30067.
Full textYaich, Mohamed Reda. "Adaptiveness and Social-Compliance in Trust Management - A Multi-Agent Based approach." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EMSE0717/document.
Full textVirtual communities (VCs) are socio-technical systems wherein distributed individuals (human and/or artificial) are grouped together around common objectives and goals. In such systems, participants are massively collaborating with each other’s by sharing their private resources and knowledge. A collaboration always bears the risk that one partner exhibits uncooperative or malicious behaviour. Thus, trust is a critical issue for the success of such systems. The work presented in this dissertation addresses the problem of trust management in open and decentralised virtual communities (VCs). To address this problem, we proposed an Adaptive and Socially-Compliant Trust Management System (ASC-TMS). The novelty of ASC-TMS lies in its ability to exhibit social-awareness and context-awareness features. Social-awareness refers to the ability of the trust management system (TMS) to handle the social nature of VCs by making trust evaluations that are collectively harmful, while context-awareness refers to the ability of the system to handle the dynamic nature of VCs by making trust evaluations that are always in adequacy with the context in which these evaluations are undertaken. Thus, the contributions made in this thesis constitute an additional step towards the automation of trust assessment. We provided accordingly a novel trust management system that assists members of open and decentralised virtual communities in their trust decisions. The system has been implemented and deployed using the JaCaMo multi-agent platform. We illustrated also the applicability of on a real life open innovation virtual community scenario. Finally, the ASC-TMS has been experimentally evaluated using the multi-agent based Repast simulation platform. The preliminary results show that the use of our system significantly improves the stability of the virtual communities in which it has been deployed
Hasrouny, Hamssa. "Gestion de confiance et solutions de sécurité pour les réseaux véhiculaires." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0001/document.
Full textVANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) consist of vehicles capable of exchanging information by radio to improve road safety (alerts in case of accidents or in case of abnormal slowdowns, collaborative driving…) or allow internet access for passengers (collaborative networks, infotainment, etc.). Road safety messages exchanged between vehicles may be falsified or eliminated by malicious entities in order to cause accidents and endanger people life. In this thesis, we focus on defining, designing and evaluating a security solution for V2V communications in VANET, to ensure a secure communication and a good level of confidence between the different participating vehicles. Adopting a group-based model, we consider the Trustworthiness evaluation of vehicles participating in VANET and we develop a Trust Model to analyze the behavior of the vehicles in the group while preserving the privacy of the participants and maintaining low network overhead. We then propose a hierarchical and modular framework for Misbehavior Detection and Revocation Management
Deschênes, Emilie. "La construction de relations de confiance au sein des équipes-écoles d’établissements en milieu autochtone du Québec selon les perceptions de leur direction." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9625.
Full textAbstract : This research studies the dynamic of building trust relationships between actors in schools that are located in Aboriginal communities. This dynamic is studied based-on school administrators’ perceptions, according to their observations of their school team and the environment, their professional practices, their professional and life experiences and the meanings that they attach to them. The study can be considered as a global approach in order to provide a better understanding of the context of school management and school administration in an Aboriginal context. In order to conduct this study in this particular environment, a specific focus lied on the examination of the conditions that lead actors to build or not to build trust with others. On the one hand, the concern of this research relied on the particular Aboriginal context that is characterized by social, cultural, ethno-cultural, economic or administrative issues, where the effective execution of the roles, responsibilities and duties of directors and school administrators appears complex. This complexity particularly concerns the impact of these issues on human relations and personnel management. On the other hand, this study was based on the idea that trust between staff members could have the potential to tinge these relationships. Trust might even be considered as key to optimal education management, to a climate that leads to efficient work, and therefore, to the students’ success. Specific research objectives are the better understanding of the dynamics of trust within school teams at schools located in Aboriginal communities, namely: 1) the analysis of interviews with principals of indigenous schools in light of the conceptual framework; 2) a cross-sectional analysis that allows to determine the conditions that contribute to building trust relationships within their school team; and 3) the proposal of models that suggest various elements that help to understanding the dynamics of building relationships of trust, when seen from different perspectives. These objectives led to the choice of a qualitative research methodology with a constructivist and interpretativist epistemological position. This research is also of an exploratory nature, using semi-structured interviews. Twenty-three principals from seventeen communities and three different Nations were interviewed. The thematic data analysis of the collected material permitted to point out that building trustworthy relationships and modulating relationships of mistrust between actors with heterogeneous characteristics depend on various conditions. Under the influence of the singular Aboriginal context, these conditions that determine how trust relationships are built are anterior to the actors, or associated with their behaviors, attitudes, actions or practices. It seems that these dynamics are context-related to a singular organization of school teams. They can be characterized by determining six categories of individuals, according to their origin and their affiliation or their ethnic identity: indigenous and non-indigenous travelers, indigenous and non-indigenous foreigners and indigenous and non-indigenous natives. Providing a better understanding of this organization leads to a broader conception of the possible configurations of the organizational culture of schools in Aboriginal communities: the configuration of interactional dynamics between individuals and groups (intracommunity dynamic of individuals), and between individuals and communities (intercommunity dynamic of individuals). Specific affiliations exist among those individuals, depending on their identities or on individual or group affiliations. In particular, but non-exclusively, these affiliations are ethnic, linguistic, family, or they are related to particular beliefs.
Hérault, Stéphanie. "Étude des processus de formation de l'attitude envers la marque : un essai de modélisation intégrant une variable psychologique, la confiance en soi : une application en situation de pré-test publicitaire pour des produits de grande consommation." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010065.
Full textTillou, Caroline. "Analyse explicative de l'intention de départ : modèle multifocal et application au secteur Conseil en Management français." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10050.
Full textThis research focuses on the antecedents of voluntary turnover in the French management consulting sector. We analyze the impact of three HR practices (training, compensation and working conditions) in the process of voluntary turnover through the lens of social exchange theory. Using a multifoci approach, we extend our analysis to the role of intra-organizational (team members, mentor, career) and extra-organizational (customers) relationships. In addition, we consider two individual factors : organization - based self-esteem and customer orientation. First, individual and collective ("focus group") exploratory interviews shed light on managerial and operational perspectives concerning our subject of analysis. Then, quantitative results define social exchange dynamics at the heart of SHRM issues. HR practices launch the reciprocity process which explains consultants' intention to leave. Our results confirm the interest of the four dimensions of organizational commitment. According to the multifoci approach, consultants show affective commitment towards the source of support they identified. Our results underline the impact of mentor commitment and customer commitment mediated by affective organizational commitment on consultants' intention to leave
Hasrouny, Hamssa. "Gestion de confiance et solutions de sécurité pour les réseaux véhiculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0001.
Full textVANETs (Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks) consist of vehicles capable of exchanging information by radio to improve road safety (alerts in case of accidents or in case of abnormal slowdowns, collaborative driving…) or allow internet access for passengers (collaborative networks, infotainment, etc.). Road safety messages exchanged between vehicles may be falsified or eliminated by malicious entities in order to cause accidents and endanger people life. In this thesis, we focus on defining, designing and evaluating a security solution for V2V communications in VANET, to ensure a secure communication and a good level of confidence between the different participating vehicles. Adopting a group-based model, we consider the Trustworthiness evaluation of vehicles participating in VANET and we develop a Trust Model to analyze the behavior of the vehicles in the group while preserving the privacy of the participants and maintaining low network overhead. We then propose a hierarchical and modular framework for Misbehavior Detection and Revocation Management
Morel, Martine. "Exploration des signaux faibles de la perte de confiance pendant une collaboration à distance." Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1934.
Full textThe remote collaboration growth induces a need of new tools to compensate the perceptive instantiations of trust during a physical presence interaction. In this research about the weak signals of loss in trust, we have been interested in the perception of the loss in trust from the origin in their emotional biophysics birth until their expression in talk. Then, we have crossed the data of emotional expression of loss in trust that we had collect with an interview and with the collective production of the remote collaboration in a case of an offshore web development (European clients, Pantha Corp. Project manager in Australia) in outsourcing (Chinese a distributed software development team) using the AGILE/SCRUM method where the interactions stand everyday and only through computers. This research contributes to others referring to the link between a team emotional life and its performance. In addition Université de Technologie de Compiègne Martine MOREL Thèse en gestion 2011 Page 10 sur 442 to that, this research propose an adaptation of managerial practices of control by production scorecard, and also, of evaluation of quality, by rooting them in the analyze of interactions including their emotional component to infer on the mutual ability of stakeholders to maintain a trust relationship, this new concept is called "Quality 2. 0. " Moreover, in this Quality 2. 0 concept, the sensitive human being is placed in the center of the interaction at work. However, this research has been limited about the biophysics explorations of emotions in a situation in a remote interaction but it contributes to open more perspectives about the links
Huiszoon, Paul. "La fidélité des spectateurs envers les organisations sportives : la création d'un nouveau système de gestion des relations avec les spectateurs." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1061/document.
Full textThe rationale of the study is to broaden the knowledge on the contemporary sport spectator’s relationships with sports teams and sport governing bodies. By including the spectator, the team, and the governing body in a holistic Fan-Relationship- Management-Model, this study gives insights in the formation of loyalty within the spectator-team-governing body-triad. A structural equation modelling approach is used to test, refine and validate the model among samples of four hundred fifty-five and five hundred five football spectators from France and Germany. Further, a latent profile analysis is implemented to uncover spectator profiles based on a two- dimensional loyalty conceptualisation. Additional latent profile analyses with covariates from the model, allow identifying variables that facilitate profile belongingness. The final model revealed major country-specific differences in the relationships within the spectator-team-governing body-triad. In both samples we found non-loyal, latent loyal, and loyal spectators. For France, however, satisfaction and trust do not contribute to loyalty; a notable contradiction to the established marketing literature. This study is useful to appreciate a sport governing body’s role in the spectator-team relationship. Also, it offers new perspectives on spectator profiles and encourages the implementation of a credibility variable when investigating relationship management in sports. Overall, the study’s holistic approach in analysing relationships and loyalty is unique in the sport marketing literature
Deliaune, Hervé. "Pour une approche proxémique de l’ingénierie de la résilience : conditions managériales de la réduction de l’incertitude. Le cas d’une PME confrontée au désarroi organisationnel." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU2002/document.
Full textIn the current environment where the physical and mental hardship are the consequences of the recent corporate developments, safeguarding these organizations is a pregnant concern for managers. To this end, our research is in the field of management of resilience in a firm facing uncertainty following its acquisition by a private equity. This research addresses organization resiliency, aims to promote and develop a new approach to organize resilience engineering. The thesis assumes that the resilience of a system, that is to say its ability to function under varying conditions expected or not, lies in the operators’ ability to articulate the management of risk with the management of their own resources. Through this research, our aim is to understand the phenomenon of organizational resilience by identifying its major psycho-emotional or social characteristics and factors that allow the acquisition of internal resources impregnated in the personal temperament of local managers as tutors’ resilience. Building as a doctoral project the study of the concept of resilience applied to outstanding organization fell to just start a real challenge theory and methodology. Even if the concept of resilience in recent years knows, publications attest a boom from disciplines such as clinical psychology and psychiatry, the attempt to bring rationality of a manager and our approach to understanding phytosociological phenomena such as cooperation, solidarity, cohesion and confidence in relationships was a first important issue
Audas, Nathalie. "La dynamique affective envers les lieux urbains : la place des temporalités individuelles et urbaines." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00760921.
Full textDestoup, Aurélie. "Le management de la créativité dans les entreprises : étude comparative du management de la créativité dans deux entreprises du multimédia." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30067.
Full textCreativity is often confused with innovation. Creativity and innovation involve two different processes each having different objectives and ways of reaching them. Creativity is a process during which a person or a group of people draw upon their skills, resources and knowledge to conceive, develope and exploit ideas to develop new products, processes or services. Which are unexpected in a given organisational framework. At this present moment in time, faced with the globalisation of markets and the ever increasing competitiveness of companies. , creativity is becoming an essential condition of survival. However, it seems that the importance given to creativity in companoes is, to say the least, inadaquate or even inexistant. Indeed, creativity in companies is often confused with innovation. This comes back to the fact that it isn’t managed at all. The aim of this thesis is to clarify what we understand by someone’s creativity in a company and to identify the key varaibles with regards to how it’s managed. We shall address the following questions. What are the factors which help foster someone’s creativity in a company? How is creatiivity mananged in companies? In order to answer these questions, we have carried out several case studes based on field research conducted in a multimedia environment. Our study is based on a descriptive analyses which compares the creative processes in two Multimedia companies, supported by an analyses of the data. The thesis takes into account the factors which enhance creativity and also those which inhibit it. In a professional environment. It will also show how the management of creativity is conditionioned by human will
Evans, William. "Trust in Japanese management and culture." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873698.
Full textMerk, Michaela. "Renforcer les relations entre les vendeurs et leurs marques propres : Une nouvelle stratégie de management pour les distributeurs?" Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010061.
Full textGhasemi, Hamed Mohammad. "Méthodes non-paramétriques pour la prévision d'intervalles avec haut niveau de confiance : application à la prévision de trajectoires d'avions." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951327.
Full textJaved, Ibrahim Tariq. "A trust framework for real-time web communications." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0016/document.
Full textReal-time web conversational services allow users to have audio and video calls over the Internet. Over-The-Top operators such as Google and Facebook offer cost-effective communication services with advanced conversational features. With the introduction of WebRTC standard, any website or web application can now have built-in communication capabilities. WebRTC technology is expected to boost Voice-Over-IP by making it more robust, flexible and accessible. Telco operators also intend to use the underlying technology to offer communication services to their subscribers over the web. Emerging web-centric communication platforms aims to offer modern methods of contacting and communicating over the web. However, web operators are unable to ensure the trustworthiness of their subscribers, since identities are based on self-asserted user profiles and credentials. Thus, they remain exposed to many social threats in which the context between communicating parties is manipulated. An attacker usually misrepresents himself to convey false information to the targeted victim. Typical social threats include phishing, spam, fraudulent telemarketing and unlawful content distribution. To ensure user security over communication networks, trust between communicating parties needs to be established. Communicating participants should be able to verify each other’s identity to be sure of whom they are talking to. However, authentication alone cannot guarantee the trustworthiness of a caller. New methods of estimating caller’s reputation should also be built in web calling services. In this thesis, we present a novel trust framework that provides information about the trustworthiness of callers in web communication networks. Our approach is organized in four parts. Firstly, we describe the notion of trust in real-time web communication services. A trust model approach is presented to formally introduce the trust computation parameters and relationships in a communication system. Secondly, we detail the mechanism of identity provisioning that allows communicating participants to verify each other’s identity in a Peer-to-Peer fashion. The choice of authentication protocol highly impacts user privacy. We showed how OpenID Connect used for Single-Sign-On authentication purposes can be effectively used for provisioning identities while preserving user privacy. Thirdly, a trust computational model is proposed to measure the trustworthiness of callers in a communication network. The legitimacy and genuineness of a caller’s identity is computed using recommendations from members of the network. On the other hand, the popularity of a caller is estimated by analyzing its behavior in the network. Each subscriber will be able to visualize the computed trust of other members before initiating or accepting a call request. Lastly, the reputation of a caller is used to combat nuisance calls generated over communication networks. Nuisance calls are described as unsolicited bulk spam phone calls generated for marketing and deceptive purposes. Caller’s reputation is computed using the diversity of outgoing calls, call duration, recommendations from called participants, reciprocity and repetitive nature of calls. The reputation is used to differentiate between legitimate and nuisance calls generated over the network
Gharsalli, Mazen. "Le rôle des liens sociaux et de la confiance sur le financement bancaire des PME : une étude exploratoire." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975357.
Full textCarpentier, Robin. "Privacy-preserving third-party computations on secure personal data management systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG079.
Full textThe privacy of individuals is constantly undermined by some of the most prominent companies in the world which centralize vast amounts of personal data. Recent legal means such as the General Data Protection Regulation in Europe regulate the collection and processing of citizens' data. In particular, data portability grants individuals the right to recover a copy of their data held by an organization. At the same time, Personal Data Management Systems (PDMS) are emerging, empowering users by facilitating the management of their data. For example, these solutions enable automatic data collection, sharing, and advanced processing. In these solutions, the user's data is processed directly where it is stored by a processing code potentially written by a third party. Here, only the results are shared with a third party upon the user's decision. This paradigm diverges from the traditional approach in which the user's data is entirely shared with a third party for processing. To be viable, PDMS must satisfy two prerequisites: they must ensure the security of the data in the presence of a layman user while being as extensible as possible to support diverse computations on this data. To address this conflict between extensibility and security, this thesis relies on an architecture including third-party modules coupled with hardware security mechanisms called Trusted Executions Environments. In this context, we propose security building blocks to limit data leakage resulting from the use of these third-party modules as well as execution strategies implementing these building blocks and limiting the impact on performances
Javed, Ibrahim Tariq. "A trust framework for real-time web communications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0016.
Full textReal-time web conversational services allow users to have audio and video calls over the Internet. Over-The-Top operators such as Google and Facebook offer cost-effective communication services with advanced conversational features. With the introduction of WebRTC standard, any website or web application can now have built-in communication capabilities. WebRTC technology is expected to boost Voice-Over-IP by making it more robust, flexible and accessible. Telco operators also intend to use the underlying technology to offer communication services to their subscribers over the web. Emerging web-centric communication platforms aims to offer modern methods of contacting and communicating over the web. However, web operators are unable to ensure the trustworthiness of their subscribers, since identities are based on self-asserted user profiles and credentials. Thus, they remain exposed to many social threats in which the context between communicating parties is manipulated. An attacker usually misrepresents himself to convey false information to the targeted victim. Typical social threats include phishing, spam, fraudulent telemarketing and unlawful content distribution. To ensure user security over communication networks, trust between communicating parties needs to be established. Communicating participants should be able to verify each other’s identity to be sure of whom they are talking to. However, authentication alone cannot guarantee the trustworthiness of a caller. New methods of estimating caller’s reputation should also be built in web calling services. In this thesis, we present a novel trust framework that provides information about the trustworthiness of callers in web communication networks. Our approach is organized in four parts. Firstly, we describe the notion of trust in real-time web communication services. A trust model approach is presented to formally introduce the trust computation parameters and relationships in a communication system. Secondly, we detail the mechanism of identity provisioning that allows communicating participants to verify each other’s identity in a Peer-to-Peer fashion. The choice of authentication protocol highly impacts user privacy. We showed how OpenID Connect used for Single-Sign-On authentication purposes can be effectively used for provisioning identities while preserving user privacy. Thirdly, a trust computational model is proposed to measure the trustworthiness of callers in a communication network. The legitimacy and genuineness of a caller’s identity is computed using recommendations from members of the network. On the other hand, the popularity of a caller is estimated by analyzing its behavior in the network. Each subscriber will be able to visualize the computed trust of other members before initiating or accepting a call request. Lastly, the reputation of a caller is used to combat nuisance calls generated over communication networks. Nuisance calls are described as unsolicited bulk spam phone calls generated for marketing and deceptive purposes. Caller’s reputation is computed using the diversity of outgoing calls, call duration, recommendations from called participants, reciprocity and repetitive nature of calls. The reputation is used to differentiate between legitimate and nuisance calls generated over the network
Lahbib, Asma. "Distributed management framework based on the blockchain technology for industry 4.0 environments." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAS017.
Full textThe evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) started decades ago as part of the first face of the digital transformation, its vision has further evolved due to a convergence of multiple technologies, ranging from wireless communication to the Internet and from embedded systems to micro-electromechanical systems. As a consequence thereof, IoT platforms are being heavily developed, smart factories are being planned to revolutionize the industry organization and both security and trust requirements are becoming more and more critical. The integration of such technologies within the manufacturing environment and processes in combination with other technologies has introduced the fourth industrial revolution referred to also as Industry 4.0. In this future world machines will talk to machines (M2M) to organize the production and coordinate their actions. However opening connectivity to the external world raises several questions about data and IT infrastructure security that were not an issue when devices and machines were controlled locally and just few of them were connected to some other remote systems. That’s why ensuring a secure communication between heterogeneous and reliable devices is essential to protect exchanged information from being stolen or tampered by malicious cyber attackers that may harm the production processes and put the different devices out of order. Without appropriate security solutions, these systems will never be deployed globally due to all kinds of security concerns. That’s why ensuring a secure and trusted communication between heterogeneous devices and within dynamic and decentralized environments is essential to achieve users acceptance and to protect exchanged information from being stolen or tampered by malicious cyber attackers that may harm the production processes and put the different devices out of order. However, building a secure system does not only mean protecting the data exchange but it requires also building a system where the source of data and the data itself is being trusted by all participating devices and stakeholders. In this thesis our research focused on four complementary issues, mainly (I) the dynamic and trust based management of access over shared resources within an Industry 4.0 based distributed and collaborative system, (ii) the establishment of a privacy preserving solution for related data in a decentralized architecture while eliminating the need to rely on additional third parties, (iii) the verification of the safety, the correctness and the functional accuracy of the designed framework and (iv) the evaluation of the trustworthiness degree of interacting parties in addition to the secure storage and sharing of computed trust scores among them in order to guarantee their confidentiality, integrity and privacy. By focusing on such issues and taking into account the conventional characteristics of both IoT and IoT enabled industries environments, we proposed in this thesis a secure and distributed framework for resource management in Industry 4.0 environments. The proposed framework, enabled by the blockchain technology and driven by peer to peer networks, allows not only the dynamic access management over shared resources but also the distribute governance of the system without the need for third parties that could be their-selves vulnerable to attacks. Besides and in order to ensure strong privacy guarantees over the access control related procedures, a privacy preserving scheme is proposed and integrated within the distributed management framework. Furthermore and in order to guarantee the safety and the functional accuracy of our framework software components, we focused on their formal modeling in order to validate their safety and compliance with their specification. Finally, we designed and implemented the proposal in order to prove its feasibility and analyze its performances
Bolifraud, Sylvain. "Comment réduire l’incertitude dans les opérations de construction – Focus sur les aspects contractuels." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPAST059.
Full textPointing out discrepancies and shortcomings in construction projects is an easy and everyday exercise. To overcome this fatalism, we propose to examine the treatment of residual uncertainty and its link to claim in construction projects. Beyond the fact that the legal aspect is fundamental in the construction sector and that mechanisms for managing uncertainty exist, a study of the project owner/contractor relationship allows us to state that the relationship does not create conditions for trust.Based on these observations, we ask ourselves how to improve uncertainty management in construction operations and reduce conflicts for all the actors. We propose an answer through analysis at the strategic and operational levels.We address the strategic level with our first hypothesis that there is a contemporary unthinkable in the way we imagine obtaining new capacities that contradict the legal fundamentals of the construction sector. We investigate this unthinkable with Foucault's concept of episteme, which we believe is an episteme of the commercial exchange of goods and services.Our second hypothesis addresses the operational level. We hypothesise that the loss of knowledge about contractual processes and their links with business processes leads to an increase in the number of claims and the intensification of associated conflicts.These analyses at the strategic and operational levels will help actors at the tactical level implement organisations on a case-by-case basis.We use a field research method and analyse several elements to draw up a coherent picture of the reality of the construction sector. First, we justify our episteme by drawing on the work of several researchers. We then analyse archives (official reports, workshop reports, articles by scientists in the press) and field cases. Finally, our analyses allow us to highlight gaps and dysfunctions that we classify according to competencies.This classification shows us that knowledge and know-how are the aspects most concerned by the dysfunctions that we identify, enabling us to formulate our proposals.First of all, we propose to upgrade knowledge and know-how by promoting profiles with dual legal/technical skills. We also invite the employer to criticise the position of the buyer. For the contractor, we propose that risk analysis include a more pertinent analysis of the contractual mechanisms for managing change, and we recommend tools for the graphic representation of processes. Finally, we invite the actors to question the concept of trust to move away from it to engage in responsibility
Rosado, de Sousa Maria Mislene. "La pérennité des relations interorganisationnelles en fédérations de coopératives – le cas Casa Apis du Brésil : Le rôle des proximités et du leadership transformationnel dans la construction de la relation et l’intention des adhérents de le rester." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSES008.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to understand the factors that can explain and influence the durability of inter-organizational relations in cooperative federations. To reach this objective, we mobilized the concepts of proximity, trust, transformational leadership and organizational commitment (affective and continuation commitment), in the sense of the intention to remain in the relationship. Two studies were carried out: first, a qualitative study to identify the proximities mobilized for the construction of inter-organizational relations in the federation of cooperatives. Then, a quantitative study with 232 members of the federation to test the influence of proximities (price, access, identity, process and relation), trust and transformational leadership on organizational commitment. The data were analyzed using Nvivo 11 software (qualitative study) and SmartPLS 3.0 software (quantitative study). These studies were applied to the cooperative federation Casa Apis in Brazil. The development of these two studies allowed us to conclude that the construction of the relationship between Casa Apis and the member beekeepers is explained by proximities, which are created in a hierarchical way. It was also found that the intention of the beekeepers to remain in the relationship with Casa Apis is influenced by the proximities of price and process, by trust and by transformational leadership. Therefore, the sustainability of relationships in Casa Apis is influenced by proximities, trust, transformational leadership, and organizational commitment
Zayani, Nabil. "Amélioration de l’engagement organisationnel dans les services nettoiement des collectivités territoriales en Tunisie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30005.
Full textOrganizational commitment has a reductive effect on deviant behaviors at work.This research intend to show up and calculate the cost of a lack of commitment and then identify and analyse its causes to be able, by the mean of the strategic management of human resources, to work up and test proposals that enhance durably commitment and socio-economic performance.Our research terrain is a local authority cleaning service in Tunisia where we conducted a research-intervention that shows that respect and valuation of employee labor and status, especially when he’s in the bottom end of the scale, is necessary to enhance commitment and strengthen the sense of belonging to the organisation and thereby performance.Keywords : commitment, dark side behaviors, socio-economic performance, management
Phan, Kim Ngoc. "Les déterminants de la fidélité à l'enseigne-marque de service : application dans le secteur bancaire vietnamien." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1081.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to determine the factors explaining the service encounter/brand loyalty in the context of an emerging country by integrating service management and relationship marketing. It consists of two parts.The first part deals with the conceptual framework of this research. It clarifies the concept of service encounter/brand loyalty from a historical, conceptual and multidisciplinary approach. Second, it aims to better understand the demographic, economic and cultural nature of emerging countries. Finally, this section proposes, after an exploratory qualitative study, a conceptual model of customer loyalty by combining all of the concepts of the service experience (perceived service quality, corporate image) and customer - brand relationship (trust, attachment).The second part presents the empirical framework. It is dedicated to assumptions testing and results analyzing based on a quantitative survey of Vietnamese banking consumers. The data are processed by the methods of structural equation analysis, single and multiple mediating effects, and orthogonalization method. The results indicate the need to balance the service-based and relational approach in studies of loyalty. More specifically: i. Validate the direct and positive impact of all central variables on the customer loyalty by highlighting the pivotal role of the perceived quality of service; ii. Validate indirect and positive impact of perceived quality and corporate image on loyalty through trust and attachment; and iii. Detect and validate moderating effect of contextual variables of social compliance and familiarity of the consumer in emerging markets
Zayani, Nabil. "Amélioration de l’engagement organisationnel dans les services nettoiement des collectivités territoriales en Tunisie." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30005/document.
Full textOrganizational commitment has a reductive effect on deviant behaviors at work.This research intend to show up and calculate the cost of a lack of commitment and then identify and analyse its causes to be able, by the mean of the strategic management of human resources, to work up and test proposals that enhance durably commitment and socio-economic performance.Our research terrain is a local authority cleaning service in Tunisia where we conducted a research-intervention that shows that respect and valuation of employee labor and status, especially when he’s in the bottom end of the scale, is necessary to enhance commitment and strengthen the sense of belonging to the organisation and thereby performance.Keywords : commitment, dark side behaviors, socio-economic performance, management
Bradai, Amira. "Secured trust and reputation system : analysis of malicious behaviors and optimization." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0019/document.
Full textReputation mechanisms offer a novel and effective way of ensuring the necessary level of trust which is essential to the functioning of any critical system. They collect information about the history (i.e., past transactions) of participants and make public their reputation. Prospective participants guide their decisions by considering reputation information, and thus make more informative choices. Online reputation mechanisms enjoy huge success. They are present in most e-commerce sites available today, and are seriously taken into consideration by human users. Existing reputation systems were conceived with the assumption that users will share feedback honestly. But, such systems like those in peer to peer are generally compromise of malicious users. This leads to the problem in cooperation, aggregation and evaluation. Some users want to use resources from network but do not want to contribute back to the network. Others manipulate the evaluations of trust and provide wrong estimation. We have recently seen increasing evidence that some users strategically manipulate their reports and behave maliciously. For proper protecting against those users, some kind of reputation management system is required. In some system, a trusted third entity exists and can aggregate the information. However, Peer-to-peer networks don’t have any central control or repository. Large size of distributed and hybrid networks makes the reputation management more challenging task. Hence reputation management system should perform all the tasks in distributed fashion. When these kinds of systems are implemented, peers try to deceive them to take maximum advantage. This thesis describes ways of making reputation mechanisms more trustworthy and optimized by providing defense mechanism and analysis. Different kinds of malicious behaviors exist and for each one, we present a complete analysis, simulation and a real use case example in distributed and non-distributed way
Aubert, François-Jérôme. "La décision à l'hôpital public : quelles relations entre directeur et médecin ?" Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0402/document.
Full textDecision-making in a public hospital is complex and subject to frequent legislative and regulatory changes. The rules of decision-making – an essential determinant of service quality – are defined not only by Law and regulations, but also by actual practices.This Dissertation analyses the relationships between the two types of actors predominantly involved in decision-making: managers and physicians.These actors hold a major and complementary role in the two phases of the decision-making process. First, they take charge of a large part of the preparation of decisions, thanks to informal exchanges and formal committee meetings. Managers and physicians thus have an important role in the preliminary discussions preceding the decision. Second, they also play a major role in the decision-taking stage itself. Beyond the decision power – that belongs to the manager. Managers and physicians have a reciprocal influence in the final decision-making process.This study aims at demonstrating that the relationships between managers and physicians in the process of decision-making in a public hospital are based on dialogue, in particular in the preparation of decisions. They are also power relationships, in particular in the final phase of decision-making.Last, this Dissertation offers suggestions to improve the quality of the decision-making process in public hospitals. These suggestions aim at reinforcing the quality of dialogue by harmonizing the formation of the actors, improving transparency, and reinforcing the external supervision of debates within the hospital
Paquin, Pauline. "Les effets de la surconfiance des dirigeants sur les décisions managériales : le cas des dirigeants français du SBF 120." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAB015.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on CEO’s overconfidence and analyze its effects on accounting and financial decisions. After having defined the outlines of this bias, we conduct a literature review on the CEO’s overconfidence and its effects for firms. Research offers mixed conclusions about these effects. To test the impacts of this bias, we set up an original database and analyze the behaviour of CEO’s of SBF-120 over the 2006-2016 period. We show that CEOs’ overconfidence affects the investment cash-flow sensitivity as well as earnings management. An original contribution of this research is to show that effective governance mechanisms can mitigate the effects of the bias or, on the contrary, encourage them, according to the motives of the controlling shareholder. We also show the fact that the CEO’s belonging to the controlling family modifies the expression of one’s bias
Taieb, Besma. "L'efficacité des sites web marchands destinés aux consommateurs culturellement divers : les effets de la congruence culturelle du site et de l'exposition répétée." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1045.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the reactions of the majority and minority groups towards commercial website congruent with their country of origin and culturally incongruent website (site congruent with host country / abroad), to better understand the effects of commercial websites cultural congruity and to assess the conditions of culturally incongruent website effectiveness. We developed an experimental design with three variables to manipulate: website cultural congruity (low versus high), exposure frequency (1 exposure versus 2 exposures) and population (majority versus minority). Two experimental websites were designed (the first site is congruent with the majority population and the second is congruent with the minority population). Through a content analysis performed on the local sites of the minority population, we identified and selected the dominant cultural markers (such as colors, fonts, images and symbols) handled in designing experimental websites. The results show that culturally congruent site compared to incongruent site improves attitude, trust toward the site and intention to recommend. However, the positive effects of website cultural congruity on attitude and trust toward the site are stronger for the majority than the minority population. The results also indicate that repeated exposure to incongruent website improves attitude and trust toward the site, but it should be noted that repeated exposure has a stronger influence on attitude toward the incongruent site
Fragoso, Rodriguez Uciel. "Modèle de respect de la vie privée dans une architecture d'identité fédérée." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00541850.
Full textBouchami, Ahmed. "Sécurité des ressources collaboratives dans les réseaux sociaux d'entreprise." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0091/document.
Full textEnterprise social networks (ESN) have revolutionized collaboration between professional organizations. By means of an ESN, conventional mobility constraints, complex procedures for services exchange and the lack of flexibility and communication are no longer concerns. In this thesis we have worked on the project OpenPaaS ESN. Mainly we focused on the management of the access control, which led us to other needs, namely the management of digital identities and their monitoring. We worked primarily on managing the authentication of digital identities within collaborative communities made of heterogeneous enterprises regarding authentication management systems. For this, we have proposed an interoperable architecture for managing federated authentication, allowing thus each enterprise to preserve its (own) authentication mechanism and each principal to perform a single sign on authentication regarding different enterprises. Further, we focused on the management of digital identities accreditations, i.e. Access Control. On this aspect, we have proposed a flexible access control model based on a set of identity attributes. We developed this model on the basis of a formal language based on temporal logic, namely the Event-Calculus logic. We were thus able to make the sharing of resources fluid and agile, and also able to handle temporary authorizations, i.e. delegations. The fluidity and agility of the shares is due to the user-centric resources’ sharing in a straightforward manner. In addition, the logical formalism has allowed us to automatically check the access control policies consistency. For enterprises, our access control system gives them the ability to control the user-centric sharing policies through policies based on a risk management mechanism, which make our access control mechanism dynamic. The risk mechanism is based on the NIST’s risk definition with an alignment with a set of parameters that include access control in the ESN context. More precisely, the dynamic risk management includes, the collaborative resource’s importance, the authentication system’s vulnerabilities and trust level reflected through the behavior of each collaborative actor. On this latter aspect of trust, we made an evaluation of trust through the computation of reputation scores based on the history of collaborative interactions of each subject of collaboration. Finally, we have implemented all those security modules and integrate them as a prototype into OpenPaaS ESN
Sylla, Abdourahim. "Aide à la décision en réponse à appel d'offres : une approche intégrée de conception conjointe produit-processus, de gestion des risques et de retour d'expérience." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018EMAC0004.
Full textIn the context of a customer / supplier relationship, companies offering products or systems must develop and propose personalized, attractive and achievable offers. In order to do so, they have to design and evaluate a set of technical offers corresponding to pairs of systems and delivery processes. Then, on the basis of a set of relevant decision criteria, they must select the technical offer to be considered and sent to the customer. In situations where the technical solutions available within the supplier company cover a good part of the customer’s requirements but not all, so-called "non-routine design" situations, the analysis of industrial practices and scientific works has led us to identify three major research problems: (i) the design of technical offers in non-routine design situations, (ii) the evaluation of the confidence in these offers as to their good achievement with regard to customer’s expectations and supplier’s objectives, and (iii) the selection of the most interesting offer from a set of potential technical offers while taking into account imprecision, uncertainty and confidence. This thesis provides scientific and pragmatic solutions to these problems. Regarding the design of the offers, solutions are proposed to extend the principles of configuration to "non-routine design" situations. Two indicators and a method for quantifying them are proposed for the assessment of the confidence of each technical offer. Finally, a multi-criteria decision support approach is developed to assist the supplier in the selection of the most interesting technical offer, taking into account imprecision, uncertainty and confidence
Kabore, Sandaogo Honore. "perte de compétitivité et stratégies des acteurs : application a la filière fruits et légumes burkinabé sur le marché international." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00842260.
Full textBradai, Amira. "Secured trust and reputation system : analysis of malicious behaviors and optimization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0019.
Full textReputation mechanisms offer a novel and effective way of ensuring the necessary level of trust which is essential to the functioning of any critical system. They collect information about the history (i.e., past transactions) of participants and make public their reputation. Prospective participants guide their decisions by considering reputation information, and thus make more informative choices. Online reputation mechanisms enjoy huge success. They are present in most e-commerce sites available today, and are seriously taken into consideration by human users. Existing reputation systems were conceived with the assumption that users will share feedback honestly. But, such systems like those in peer to peer are generally compromise of malicious users. This leads to the problem in cooperation, aggregation and evaluation. Some users want to use resources from network but do not want to contribute back to the network. Others manipulate the evaluations of trust and provide wrong estimation. We have recently seen increasing evidence that some users strategically manipulate their reports and behave maliciously. For proper protecting against those users, some kind of reputation management system is required. In some system, a trusted third entity exists and can aggregate the information. However, Peer-to-peer networks don’t have any central control or repository. Large size of distributed and hybrid networks makes the reputation management more challenging task. Hence reputation management system should perform all the tasks in distributed fashion. When these kinds of systems are implemented, peers try to deceive them to take maximum advantage. This thesis describes ways of making reputation mechanisms more trustworthy and optimized by providing defense mechanism and analysis. Different kinds of malicious behaviors exist and for each one, we present a complete analysis, simulation and a real use case example in distributed and non-distributed way
Merieau, David. "L'incubateur Produit en Bretagne : essai de compréhension et de modélisation." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30032/document.
Full textIn our research, we are making a description and an analysis of how is working “Produce in Britanny incubator”. At the same time, we were doing our research, we did set-up this new incubator in Britanny. For this reason, we have doing an intervention-research that we did qualified, at the end, as a participative one. We did work out some contributions, as we are close to our study area with 19 people getting some ideas (to set-up new companies), in our incubator and since 2006. This research allows us to clarify the position of our incubator inside the creation process of new and innovative companies. Our research lets us understand our intervention ground of Produce in Britanny incubator. We did put in light the fact that technological incubators do not give good opportunities to access to keys factors of success to set-up new companies. With our intervention-research, we did act in a positive way in our study ground, that is to say, in the incubator we are managing. At the same time, we were able to make it evolving and keeping good elements regarding its operational way. At the end, we would like to emphasize the fact that we did regenerate our intellectual contribution, during 4 years, in links with our 4 status (researcher, expert, manager of an incubator, leader in investigation)
Diallo, Mbaye Fall. "Les déterminants du choix des marques de distributeur : application à un marché émergent : le Brésil." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32039.
Full textThe question of product and brand assortment within the stores has become a major strategic challenge to penetrate new markets and retain customers. Two changes that have particularly caught the attention of researchers and practitioners are the strong growth of store brands (SBs) compared to national brands (NB) and the increasing internationalization of retail chains.In this context, the central issue of this thesis is to understand factors explaining purchase behavior toward SB products. In this sense, a review of previous work combined with a qualitative multi-method study (desk research, interviews with 24 consumers and 8 managers) was conducted in Brazil. We then developed an integrated conceptual model of the determinants of SB choice, proposed research hypotheses and performed the validation tests with a sample of 600 Brazilian consumers.The results allow us to validate a new two-dimensional scale of SB perceived price-image. They also show that factors explaining SB choice are numerous and diverse in nature (SB perceived value, general attitude towards SBs, store image perceptions, perceived SB price-image, etc.). They also indicate that the importance of the structural paths in the model depends on the retailer as local or international.The discussion of the results leads to managerial recommendations (variables that most affect purchase behavior toward SBs and store image perceptions) and methodological ones (orthogonalization to test the moderation of second order latent variables). The conclusion summarizes the contributions, limitations and future research avenues
Kridis, Alya. "Valeurs culturelles, Styles organisationnels et comportements de citoyenneté chez les managers des multinationales implantées en Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100007/document.
Full textThis research aims to study the effects of dynamic interactional between individual and organizational values system on how firms operate in a context of cultural diversity. It comes to identify the cultural values of managers working in multinational subsidiaries operating in Tunisia and their congruence with organizational styles. Our interest is particularly on dimensions related to organizational culture and climate and their contributions in the deployment of organizational citizenship behaviors. The results highlight an organizational integrator style reflecting congruence between the values of managers and values of the organization. The analysis of the behavior and attitudes of managers identified organizational styles might encourage citizenship behavior. The correlational analysis shows that the organizational climate is a good predictor of citizenship behavior
Ould, yahia Youcef. "Proposition d’un modèle de sécurité pour la protection de données personnelles dans les systèmes basés sur l’internet des objets." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1242/document.
Full textInternet of Things (IoT) and IT service outsourcing technologies have led to the emergence of new threats to users' privacy. However, the implementation of traditional security measures on IoT equipment is a first challenge due to capacity limitations. On the other hand, the offloading of data processing and storage poses the problem of trust in service providers.In this context, we have proposed an encryption solution that provides owner-centric data protection adapted to the constraining environment of IoT. This model is based on attribute-based encryption with secure offloading capability and Blockchain technology. Then, in response to the issue of trust and service selection, we explored the possibilities offered by artificial intelligence tools. To do this, we proposed a collaborative filtering model based on Kohonen maps and efficient solution to detect the untrusted users