Journal articles: 'Conductive ink'

1

Rangel, Jose, Alicia del-Real, and Victor Castano. "Smart conductive inks." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2008): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.04.305.

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A novel conductive ink, suitable for employment in a pressure-sensitive automatic system, was prepared and characterized via scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry. The ink was obtained as a composite by mixing a solution of ethyl acrylate-methyl acrylate (50/50 ratio) copolymer and carbon black and graphite into a solvent standard for acrylic polymers. The ink average electrical resistance ranges from 40 ohms/cm to 150 ohms/cm.

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Hu, Xu Wei, Lu Hai Li, Sheng Min Zhao, and Xian Leng. "Conductive Ink and Applications in Printing Antenna of RFID Tag." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.577.

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Antenna of RFID tag is used to spread frequency signals and build wireless connection between the tag and reader. High cost, low production speed and environment pollution exist in the traditional methods of manufacturing antenna. In order to overcome the disadvantages above, the method of printing antenna with conductive ink is being widely researched. So, conductive ink gets more and more attention. In order to study the performances of conductive ink better, conduction mechanism of conductive ink are mainly discussed. The requirements of conductive ink to print antenna are described. The present status of conductive ink in printing antenna is introduced, and research directions in future are also predicted.

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Aguilar-Banegas, Alejandro David, Fredy David Reyes-Cruz, Jesús Antonio Vargas-Pineda, and Cesar Humberto Ortega-Jimenez. "Literature Review of Gallium: Conductive Ink Alternative?" Materials Science Forum 975 (January 2020): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.975.139.

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Although there are currently different applications for gallium in microelectronics, literature is sparse about its applications in the area of conductive inks. The important characteristics to consider from the ink are viscosity, corrosion and surface tension. The importance of viscosity is a critical parameter in the printing ink mixture, which requires a metal to fulfill the function of conductor, such as gold, copper, and silver. Gallium as a conductor replacement is proposed due to the high cost of such metals currently used. The valence electrons are discussed in this paper due to the direct relation that has with metal conductivity, to provide a justified analysis about gallium application in conductive ink. The application of gallium could mean a significant change in conductive ink elaboration process. Thus, the aim of this research is to analyze the application of gallium as conductive ink, which is done by a literature review on gallium as a semi-conductor because of his valence electrons. Results about gallium as a potential conductive ink show that there is evidence that gallium shares similar properties as the current of materials conductive inks being adopted. This first literature review has some implications on the potential use of gallium as a conductive ink, requiring further experimental research to better test for conducting efficiency.

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Gu, Ling Ya, Guo Yu Wang, and Dan Dan Wang. "Research on the Conductivity of UV-Curable Conductive Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 469 (November 2013): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.469.51.

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In order to fulfill the demand of fine circuit board, a UV-curable conductive ink was prepared, and the factors affect conductivity of ink was studied. Different UV conductive paste was prepared with different kinds of conductive material to research the influence of conductive material on the conductivity of paste. Change the variety of photoinitiator to prepare UV-curable conductive ink, and the effect of photoinitiator on the conductivity of ink was also studied. The results indicated that the variety of conductive material has a great influence on the conductivity of UV-curable ink. The ink, which prepared with flaky and spherical silver powder, has the best conductive property. Whats more, the conductivity of UV-curable ink is different with the change of photoinitiator, which would lead different cross-linking reaction after curing.

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Tang, Zhiqiang, Yanxia Liu, Yagang Zhang, Zicai Sun, Weidong Huang, Zhikai Chen, Xiaoli Jiang, and Lin Zhao. "Design and Synthesis of Functional Silane-Based Silicone Resin and Application in Low-Temperature Curing Silver Conductive Inks." Nanomaterials 13, no. 6 (March 22, 2023): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061137.

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In the field of flexible electronics manufacturing, inkjet printing technology is a research hotspot, and it is key to developing low-temperature curing conductive inks that meet printing requirements and have suitable functions. Herein, methylphenylamino silicon oil (N75) and epoxy-modified silicon oil (SE35) were successfully synthesized through functional silicon monomers, and they were used to prepare silicone resin 1030H with nano SiO2. 1030H silicone resin was used as the resin binder for silver conductive ink. The silver conductive ink we prepared with 1030H has good dispersion performance with a particle size of 50–100 nm, as well as good storage stability and excellent adhesion. Additionally, the printing performance and conductivity of the silver conductive ink prepared with n,n-dimethylformamide (DMF): proprylene glycol monomethyl ether (PM) (1:1) as solvent are better than those of the silver conductive ink prepared by DMF and PM solvent. Cured at a low temperature of 160 °C, the resistivity of 1030H-Ag-82%-3 conductive ink is 6.87 × 10−6 Ω·m, and that of 1030H-Ag-92%-3 conductive ink is 0.564 × 10−6 Ω·m, so the low-temperature curing silver conductive ink has high conductivity. The low-temperature curing silver conductive ink we prepared meets the printing requirements and has potential for practical applications.

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Cherevko, A. G., I. V. Antonova, A. G. Maryasov, and A. A. Cherevko. "Conductivity model of graphene printed plates." Herald of the Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Informatics 16, no. 4 (January 4, 2023): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.55648/1998-6920-2022-16-4-96-103.

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A model has been developed to explain the dependence of the surface resistance of printed conductive graphene plates on their surface resistance. The model assumes that the printed conductive graphene plate is layered. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results obtained by the authors. The plates were printed with two types of ink: 1 -graphene ink. 2- graphene ink with polymer additives. The reliability of the approximation of experimental data on the surface conductivity of plates printed by the first and the second types is no worse than 99.5% and 98.5%. respectively. The model made it possible to estimate the effective thickness of graphene printed layers forming a conductive graphene plate. The mechanism of layer conduction is considered.

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Yang, Wendong, Chunyan Liu, Zhiying Zhang, Yun Liu, and Shidong Nie. "Paper-based nanosilver conductive ink." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 24, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 628–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-012-0777-7.

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Odom, Susan A., Sarut Chayanupatkul, Benjamin J. Blaiszik, Ou Zhao, Aaron C. Jackson, Paul V. Braun, Nancy R. Sottos, Scott R. White, and Jeffrey S. Moore. "A Self-healing Conductive Ink." Advanced Materials 24, no. 19 (April 10, 2012): 2578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201200196.

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9

Rezaga, Bethel Faith Y., and Mary Donnabelle L. Balela. "Conductive Inks with Chemically Sintered Silver Nanoparticles at Room Temperature for Printable, Flexible Electronic Applications." Key Engineering Materials 983 (July 10, 2024): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-daaz5z.

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Conductive inks composed of chemically sintered silver (Ag) nanoparticles were prepared. The enlargement of particle size was accompanied by the increase in conductivity of the Ag nanoparticle ink. The resistance of the as-prepared and sintered Ag nanoparticles printed on different substrates was measured, and results showed that the formulated conductive ink works best on glossy paper. This is due to the compatibility of the conductive ink with the porosity and surface roughness of the glossy paper. The conductive ink formulation was also used as printer ink, and results showed a decrease in resistance as the printing pass was increased.

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Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir, Hartini Saad, Mohd Azli Salim, Nor Afifah Khalil, Muzafar Zulkifli, and Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya. "Mechanical Properties and Characterization of Graphene Nanoparticles Conductive Ink at Different Pattern." Key Engineering Materials 930 (August 31, 2022): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-14vv2f.

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The development of variety printing methods and compatible conductive inks is to support the emerging high demand production of printed electronic devices. Conductive ink is used to create conductive paths as interconnecting tracks for the printed electronic devices. The method of integrating various conductive materials using thermoplastic viscous paste was introduced in order to enhance the ability of conductive ink to conducts electricity. Carbon nanomaterial’s offer many opportunities in the conductive ink application especially for printed and flexible electronics. This study aims to produce highly functional conductive ink using graphene nanoparticles (GNP) with Bisphenol-A (BPA) resins as a binder by investigate the mechanical properties and characterization of graphene nanoparticles conductive ink at of different patterns. The effect of nano-indentation, for straight line shape, curve shape, square shape and zigzag shape circuit printed on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) substrate were observed. The hardness and elastic modulus for the formulated graphene nanoparticles conductive ink shows that square patterns displayed a better mechanical properties compared to the other patterns. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) finding also show that square pattern has a uniform distribution of (GNP) filler and lowest amount of atomic weight with fine granular particle indicating of lower resistance value which can contribute to have higher conductivity property. Overall obtained results showed that a square pattern produced good performance in term of mechanical properties that can enhance the conductivity of the conductive ink.

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Tang, Bao Lin, Guang Xue Chen, Qi Feng Chen, and Jing Lei Tai. "Research and Manufacture of Nano-Silver Conductive Ink." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.405.

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Printing electronics technology promotes the application of conductive ink. In this paper, the manufacture of nano-sliver conductive ink is investigated. First, Spherical silver nano-particles were reduced from silver nitrate solution by liquid chemical reduction method, with hydrazine hydrate as reductant and PVP as surface-protection reagent. SEM was used to characterize the morphology of silver powders, and the mean particles size is 62.79 nm. Then, conductive ink was prepared with nano-silver particles made in this research as conductive fillers, polyurethane resin and acrylic resin as binders, and stearic acid as dispersant. In the last, the conductive ink was printed on the PCB substrate by screening printing. After the ink is dried, conductivity, abrasion resistance, and adhesion were tested. The experiment results shows that the order of sheet resistivity magnitude is 10-4Ω•m, the number of rubbing fastness is more than 6000, and the adhesion can be resisted repeatedly to tape tear.

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Mazilah Abu Bakar, Mohd Azli Salim, Nor Azmmi Masripan, Chonlatee Photong, and Chew Kit Wayne. "Preparation of a New Formulation of Hybrid GNP/Ag Conductive Ink with a Specific Ratio of Organic Solvent." Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engineering 25, no. 1 (December 2, 2024): 107–22. https://doi.org/10.37934/armne.25.1.107122.

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This paper presents the preparation of a new formulation of hybrid GNP/Ag conductive ink with a specific ratio of organic solvent to optimize the properties of hybrid conductive ink. The GNP/Ag hybrid conductive ink was formed with a different ratio of organic solvents which are 33:67,60:40,67:33 and 40:60 of 1-butanol to terpinol which the ratio of conductive filler is higher than the organic solvent. The performance of each ink was examined in terms of bulk resistance and resistivity where the conductive ink was prepared on the copper substrate and cured for five hours in the oven at a temperature of 250°C and underwent a cyclic bending test. Results indicate that the 40:60 ratio of 1-butanol to terpinol is the best ratio for GNP/Ag hybrid conducive ink with a bulk resistance of 0.600Ω and resistivity of 3.6x10-4Ωm. For further exploration, the curing time should remain five hours at a different curing temperature.

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13

Daniel Azlan Mohd Azli, Mizah Ramli, Mohamad Shukri Zakaria, Mohd Nur Azmi Nordin, Ghazali Omar, Mariam Md Ghazaly, and Abdul Halim Lim Abdullah. "The Impact of Stress Distribution on The Electrical Performance of Different Silver Stretchable Conductive Ink Pattern Using FEA Simulation." International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials (IJNeaM) 16, no. 1 (October 22, 2024): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.58915/ijneam.v16i1.1217.

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Stretchable conductive ink has been widely investigated to be used in the fabrication of stretchable electrical devices. Experimentation methods to test the mechanical and electrical behaviours of the stretchable conductive ink composite are commonly applied; however, not much of the computational approach has been scrutinized to validate the results further. This paper employs the finite element analysis method to investigate the relationship between the stress and strain distribution of the stretchable conductive ink with the highest strain obtained. This research validates the past experimentation works of different patterns of stretchable conductive ink for its stretchability and electrical performance. The maximum Von Mises stress (VMS) and maximum principal strain of the stretchable conductive ink played a significant role in determining its electrical performance, rather than the localisation of high stress and strain at specific locations within the stretchable conductive ink pattern. Zigzag pattern exhibited the lowest maximum stress and strain concentration at 57.826 MPa and 4.05% while straight pattern suffered the highest respective values at 118.143 MPa and 10.39%. The lower maximum Von-Mises stress and principal strain contributed to a better stretchability which is indicated by a higher strain rate prior to electrical conductivity.

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14

Liu, Wei, Yan Fang Xu, and Lu Hai Li. "Preparation of Conductive Ink with Silver Nanoparticles and Application in Transparent Conductive Films." Advanced Materials Research 1004-1005 (August 2014): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1004-1005.32.

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The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with average diameter of 84nm are synthesized via a simple liquid phase reduction method in the mixture of water and ice. The conductive ink with good performance is formulated using the synthesized Ag NPs and its average sheet resistance reaches to 0.62Ω/□. Furthermore, the grid transparent conductive films (TCFs) with three different geometries are fabricated using the formulated conductive ink through flexographic printing, and the transparent and conductive properties are analyzed and compared, resulting in the comprehensive quality Q of 20um/ 400um hexagon grid (3.79) is relatively the highest.

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Li, Wei Wei, Li Xin Mo, Ji Lan Fu, Wen Bo Li, Xin Ming Fan, Jun Ran, and Lu Hai Li. "Influence of Post-Processing Methods on the Conductive Properties of Nano-Silver Conductive Ink." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.115.

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The article prepares the jet ink with nano-silver synthesized by the lab and then adjusts the parameters of the silver colloid to fabricate nano-silver conductive ink suitable for ink-jet. Then patterns are obtained on the photo paper through EPSON ME 70 jet printing, and treated by three post-processing methods include laser sintering, heating, and solution soaking, which measured by four- point probe measurement and observed by SEM. It shows that after treatment the surface resistance of the patterns all decrease obviously. Patterns heated at 120°C for 10min, the resistance is 815mΩ/□, while the surface changes of silver layers can be observed obviously from SEM images. But the surface of the photo paper is destroyed with some bubbles on the coating surface. After 10min of laser sintering, the resistance of the silver layer reaches 890mΩ/□ from infinity. And when immersed in the NaCl solution for 5min, the patterns’ surface resistance decrease to 2.7Ω/□.

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Üner, İbrahim, and Banu Hatice Gürcüm. "Conductive ink applications on electronic textiles." Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences 25, no. 7 (2019): 794–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2019.55890.

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Xiao, A. Y., Q. K. Tong, A. C. Savoca, and H. van Oosten. "Conductive ink for through hole application." IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies 24, no. 3 (2001): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/6144.946492.

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Kn, Hima Priya, Meghana CS, Neha Karunakar Raju, Shilpa SP, Yashaswini MR, and Manjunatha C. "Current Developments in Conductive Nano-Inks for Flexible and Wearable Electronics." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 11261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.11261ecst.

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Nanoparticles are progressively being incorporated into the printing industry and research is underway to enhance their use to boost innovation and competitiveness. Precursors or metallic nanoparticles replace ink pigments in printed electronics, imparting electrical conductivity to the resulting printed patterns. Many types of conductive inks have diverse characteristics that are best suited to specific applications and have different preparation techniques. Conductive inks are a pertinent element of the broader functional printing area, which is currently expanding and is seen as one of the most pertinent future technologies in the printing industry. In this review, the aspects of selecting, functionalizing, and making nanomaterials based conductive inks for printable, flexible and wearable electronics. Various methods and mechanisms for developing conductive inks based on nanomaterials, such as Ag nanoparticles, Cu@Ag core-shell nanoparticles, graphene conductive ink, biocompatible CNT ink, conductive indium tin oxide (ITO), proposed by various research groups are summarized. We have also attempted to provide insights into enhancing printing ink parameters such as uniformity, flexibility, resolution, and durability which are considered to be very important aspects for any printable inks. Finally, the applications of the conductive ink in thin film transistors (TFT), dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, and sensors are summarized.

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Lee, Jae-Young, Cheong-Soo Choi, Kwang-Taek Hwang, Kyu-Sung Han, Jin-Ho Kim, Sahn Nahm, and Bum-Seok Kim. "Optimization of Hybrid Ink Formulation and IPL Sintering Process for Ink-Jet 3D Printing." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051295.

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Ink-jet 3D printing technology facilitates the use of various materials of ink on each ink-jet head and simultaneous printing of multiple materials. It is suitable for manufacturing to process a complex multifunctional structure such as sensors and printed circuit boards. In this study, a complex structure of a SiO2 insulation layer and a conductive Cu layer was fabricated with photo-curable nano SiO2 ink and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL)-sinterable Cu nano ink using multi-material ink-jet 3D printing technology. A precise photo-cured SiO2 insulation layer was designed by optimizing the operating conditions and the ink rheological properties, and the resistance of the insulation layer was 2.43 × 1013 Ω·cm. On the photo-cured SiO2 insulation layer, a Cu conductive layer was printed by controlling droplet distance. The sintering of the IPL-sinterable nano Cu ink was performed using an IPL sintering process, and electrical and mechanical properties were confirmed according to the annealing temperature and applied voltage. Then, Cu conductive layer was annealed at 100 °C to remove the solvent, and IPL sintered at 700 V. The Cu conductive layer of the complex structure had an electrical property of 29 µΩ·cm and an adhesive property with SiO2 insulation layer of 5B.

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Mohd Azli Salim, Hazril Hisham Hussin, Nor Azmmi Masripan, Adzni Md. Saad, Mohd Zaid Akop, Chew Kit Wayne, Chonlatee Photong, and Feng Dai. "Electrical Effects of GNP/Ag/SA Conductive Epoxy on Copper Flexible Substrate." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 119, no. 1 (July 10, 2024): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.119.1.1326.

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Various efforts to improve the performance of printed conductive ink have been conducted in order to obtain its full performance potential. This includes the investigation on the effect of conductive filler particle size towards the electrical conductivity performance. This study focuses on the product condition and electrical performance of GNP/AgNP/SA as hybrid conductive filler components by varying the particle size of only one the filler component, which is GNP. The GNP/AgNP/SA formulation with organic solvent was used by preparing three samples utilizing different GNP particle sizes of 5 µm and 25 µm. The purpose of this experiment is to collect data on the electrical conductivity of ink when employed in circuits and determine the best formulation of conductive ink. The obtained results revealed differences between the inks produced using 5 µm and 25 µm of GNP sizes. The resistivity of the 5 µm samples were was lower than 25 µm samples. The GNP of 5 µm recorded the lowest resistivity of 2.48 x 10-5 Ω.m as compared to 2.63 x 10-5 Ω.m recorded by 25 µm samples. The lower resistivity value indicates that the conductive ink formulated using 5 µm of GNP size has better electrical conductivity performance. The results signify that by using different particle sizes of only one component of hybrid conductive fillers produced different conductive ink performance, especially the electrical conductivity.

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Hiroli, Preetam Kumar, Varun S, Sudeep Mudhulu, Kathik B, Mahendra Kumar S, and Manjunatha C. "ITO Conductive Ink: Advances in Materials, Preparation, and Potential Sensor Applications." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 20135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.20135ecst.

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The global conductive ink market size has been expected around a CAGR of 4.1%, by value and the market is estimated to be USD 3.0 to 3.7 billion in 2020-2025. Indium tin oxide (ITO) ink is used as conducting ink and in engineering applications. Therefore, the review is aimed to provide more insights into various reactants precursors, conditions, and synthesis procedure for the development of ITO nano inks. The merits and demerits of the various methods such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, spray pyrolysis, sol-gel, and electrophoretic deposition, magnetron sputtering etc., used for making ITO nanoparticles were discussed in detail. Further, various ink properties, parameters, and processes for development of ITO nano ink proposed by different research groups is also discussed. The suitable conditions to print the prepared ITO ink on suitable substrate using ink-jet fabrication methodology discussed by various research groups is also explored. Also, the review focusses on the study of the properties of the printed ink such as transmittance and the sheet resistance are also studied. Finally, the sensitivity, response, and recovery of the ITO coated electrode developed for various sensor applications is discussed in detail.

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Yang, Yu, Yan Yan Cui, Guang Xue Chen, and Ming Hui He. "Preparation and Study of Ink-Jet Printing of Ag Based Conductive Ink on Paper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 731 (January 2015): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.731.524.

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Compared with the lithography and traditional technology, ink-jet printing technology has huge advantages such as reducing costs, improving production efficiency and reducing environment damage. The silver nanoparticles conductive ink used as core material in ink-jet printing technology has been greatly developed. At present, the conductive inks for printed circuit usually has high sintering temperature, low adhesion, poor mechanical properties, high cost, which limit the further industrial application. In this paper, nano silver pulp was prepared through liquid phase reduction method, and a self-made protective agent ensured that the particle size distribution of silver particles is about 5nm. The above silver pulp was dispersed in the organic resin to get conductive ink with 20% (wt%) silver content. Under 170°Csintering, the electrical conductivity of the ink layer was 1.15×104S/m.

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Vorunichev, D. S., and K. Yu Vorunicheva. "Current capabilities of prototyping technologies for multilayer printed circuit boards on a 3D printer." Russian Technological Journal 9, no. 4 (August 26, 2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2021-9-4-28-37.

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A new direction in 3D printing was investigated – prototyping of single-sided, double-sided and multilayer printed circuit boards. The current capabilities and limitations of 3D printed circuit board printing technology were identified. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of two desktop 3D printers presented in the industry for prototyping radio electronics, as well as the first professional machine DragonFly LDM 2020, which is a mini-factory for prototyping multilayer printed circuit boards, was carried out. The first practical experience of working and printing on DragonFly LDM 2020 supplied to the megalaboratory “3D prototyping and control of multilayer printed circuit boards” of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Telecommunication Systems MIREA – Russian Technological University is presented. The first samples of electronic boards printed on a 3D printer by the method of inkjet printing were obtained. An additive technology for the production of multilayer printed circuit boards is considered: printing with two printheads with conductive and dielectric nano-ink with two curing systems: an infrared sintering system for conductive ink and a UV curing system for dielectric ink. The LDM (Dragonfly Lights-out Digital Manufacturing) production method with the necessary maintenance is presented. The method allows the system to work roundthe-clock with minimal human intervention, significantly increasing the productivity of 3D printing and expanding the possibilities of prototyping. The materials used for 3D printing of multilayer printed circuit boards and their characteristics were investigated: dielectric acrylate nano-ink (Dielectric Ink 1092 – Dielectric UV Curable Acrylates Ink), conducting ink with silver nanoparticles (AgCite™ 90072 Silver Nanoparticle Conductive Ink). The research carried out allows us to compare the technological standards of printed electronics with traditional methods of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards for a number of parameters.

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Ismaniza Ismail, Mohd Azli Salim, Nor Azmmi Masripan, Adzni Md. Saad, Mohd Zaid Akop, Chew Kit Wayne, and Chonlatee Photong. "Resistivity of Graphene/Silver Hybridization Conductive Ink on Bending Test." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 120, no. 1 (July 10, 2024): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.120.1.2739.

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In recent years, there has been a growing demand for stretchable electronic devices, such as wearable sensors and displays. Many researchers have been working on the development of stretchable conductive ink (SCI), which can maintain its electrical conductivity even when stretched or deformed. Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) hybridization conductive ink is a promising material for stretchable electronics due to its high electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical properties. However, the resistivity of GNP ink on flexible substrates can be affected by various factors, such as the bending of the substrate. This paper aims to investigate the resistivity of hybridization conductive ink between GNP and silver (Ag) on a flexible substrate under different bending conditions. The study was carried out on the formulation and performance of GNP hybrids using GNP and silver flakes (Ag). The GNP hybrid ink was printed on a copper substrate using a mesh stencil method and cured at 250 °C for an hour. The resistivity was evaluated at room temperature before and after the bending tests in terms of electrical characteristics. The result of the resistivity value before performing the bending test was acceptable due to the lowest resistivity value in the range of 0.963 x 10–5 to 1.293 x 10–5 Ω.m at room temperature. The finding exposed that the resistivity values for each of the three samples of bending tests significantly changed after 1000 cycles. Overall, the results revealed that this hybrid conductive ink has good resistivity and performs with acceptable reliability. In future work, it is recommended that the conductive ink be printed on a more flexible substrate and the evaluation of temperature dependence can also be made more comprehensively.

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Oda, Masaaki, Shigeo Hayashi, Masato Oosawa, Yoshiaki Hayashi, and Kyuko Tei. "Conductive Film Formation by Ink-jet using Individually Dispersed Nanoparticle Ink." Seikei-Kakou 21, no. 8 (July 20, 2009): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.21.456.

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Zhao, Wen, Lu Hai Li, Zhi Qing Xin, and Luo Bu Danzeng. "Investigation on Post Treatment of Nano-Size Silver Conductive Film." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 1117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.1117.

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To achieve a satisfied conductivity of nano-size silver printed circuit, post deal with nano-size silver conductive film was investigated. Based on the preparation of nano-size conductive ink and conductive circuit, the coated conductive film was treated by series concentrations of hydrochloride solutions, and then scanned by laser beam. The influence of resolutions concentration and dipping time were investigated separately. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and four-probe tester, were applied to characterize the different tested samples. It was found that when the coated silver conductive ink samples were dipped in 20% hydrochloride for 60min, 15°C before laser scanning, the conductivity reaches 0.3Ω/□. It is therefore considered that the “dip in” method provide an efficient alternative to improve the conductivity which from nano-size silver ink.

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Bayu, Indra, Kartika A. Madurani, and Fredy Kurniawan. "The Effect of Modified Material in Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Oxalic Acid Detection." Nano Hybrids and Composites 44 (June 26, 2024): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-a0qnwo.

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In this study, we investigated the effect of modified material on screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for detection of oxalic acid. The SPCE was modified with (1) carbon conductive ink and (2) combination of carbon conductive ink and nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs). Modification process of (1) was conducted using drop-cast method by adding a mix of carbon conductive ink and nickel nanoparticles (1:1) on the surface of SPCE. Modified SPCE was then dried and stored in desiccator. Performance test of SPCE with and without modification was carried out using cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. The CV scan was done at the range of-0.5 to 1.5 V with scan rate of 100 mV/s in 20 mM oxalic acid solution. The result showed that carbon conductive ink and nickel nanoparticles mix (1:1) modified SPCE could be used to detect oxalic acid on potential 1.2 V.

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Wu, Xiaoli, Shuyue Wang, Zhengwu Luo, Jiaxin Lu, Kaiwen Lin, Hui Xie, Yuehui Wang, and Jing-Ze Li. "Inkjet Printing of Flexible Transparent Conductive Films with Silver Nanowires Ink." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061571.

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The inkjet printing process is a promising electronic printing technique for large-scale, printed, flexible and stretchable electronics because of features such as its high manufacturing speed, environmental friendliness, simple process, low cost, accurate positioning, and so on. As the base material of printed conductive patterns, conductive ink is the foundation of the development of printed electronics technology, and directly affects the performance and the quality of electronic products. In this paper, conductive ink with silver nanowires (AgNWs) was prepared, with AgNWs of lengths of 2–5 µm and diameters of 20 nm or so, isopropyl alcohol and ethylene glycol as the mixed solvents, and modified polysilane as the wetting agent. We discussed the relationship between the formula of the AgNWs ink and the surface tension, viscosity, contact angle between ink droplet and poly(ethylene) terephthalate (PET) surface, as well as the film-forming properties of the ink. Further, we analyzed the effects of the number of printed layers and the ink concentration of the AgNWs on the microstructures, photoelectric properties and accuracy of the printed patterns, as well as the change in the sheet resistance of the film during different bending cycles. The experimental results show that flexible transparent conductive patterns with a light transmittance of 550 nm of 83.1–88.4% and a sheet resistance of 34.0 Ω∙sq−1–78.3 nm∙sq−1 can be obtained by using AgNWs ink of 0.38 mg∙mL−1 to 0.57 mg∙mL−1, a poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate temperature of 40 °C, a nozzle temperature of 35 °C, and heat treated at 60 °C for 10 min. These performances indicate the excellent potential of the inkjet printing of AgNWs networks for developing flexible transparent conductive film.

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Mohd Azli Salim, Norida Mohammad Noor, Nor Azmmi Masripan, Adzni Md. Saad, Mohd Zaid Akop, Chew Kit Wayne, Chonlatee Photong, and Feng Dai. "Effect of GNP/Ag Stretchable Conductive Ink on Electrical Conductivity." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 119, no. 1 (July 10, 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.119.1.112.

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This research aims to develop and formulate a highly thermal graphene hybridization conductive ink combining graphene nanoparticles (GNP), silver flakes (Ag), and silver acetate (SA) as conductive fillers mixed with chemical and organic solvents. With improved properties, it overcomes the limitations of traditional materials while preserving their beneficial characteristics. The study evaluates how the resistivity and properties of the material change in response to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity and how these changes impact its performance in various applications. To develop a highly thermal graphene hybridization conductive ink, a new formulation of conductive ink was formulated using graphene nanoparticles (GNP), silver flakes (Ag), and silver acetate (SA) as conductive fillers mixed with organic solvents. In order to turn the batch of substances into a powder, they were sonicated and followed by stirring to form the mixture into a powder. Before curing at 250oC for 1 hour, the powder was dripped with organic solvents, 1-butanol, and terpineol and mixed using a thinky mixer machine to form a paste. Using a mesh stencil, the GNP hybrid paste was printed on copper substrates. With a scraper, the hybrid GNP paste was applied to the selected grid (3mm x 3mm) on three selected points of the substrate strip. In order to evaluate the performance, the resistivity of the hybrid GNP conductive ink at room temperature was set as the baseline and compared to the resistivity readings obtained at varying temperatures-humidity levels. GNP hybrid room temperature baseline and GNP hybrid after applying different temperature-humidity were compared in terms of electrical and mechanical properties. The average resistivity measurement at all points of the sample remained stable or decreased as the temperature increased. It demonstrates that the electrical conductivity of the ink degrades significantly as the temperature-humidity increases. This indicates that the ink is able to maintain its structural integrity and properties within certain temperature ranges. This signifies that a hybrid conductive ink has good thermal stability. Future work should investigate the strategies for improving the ink's performance under mechanical deformation, such as the use of additives or novel printing techniques.

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Liu, Wei, Yi Fang, Yan Fang Xu, Li Xin Mo, and Lu Hai Li. "Preparation of Conductive Ink for Organic Solar Cell Electrode." Applied Mechanics and Materials 748 (April 2015): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.748.53.

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The preparation method of conductive ink is introduced, with silver acetate as the precursor and dodecylamine (DDA) as the protective agent. The sheet resistance of the sintered conductive pattern varies at different temperature and it is lower than 1 Ω / □ when the sintering temperature is higher than 130℃. Three different methods of blade-coating, spin-coating, ink-jet printing are used to fabricate the electrodes of solar cells. It is found that the morphology of the electrode made by Ink-jet printing is the most regular and uniform. The power conversion efficiency of the best fabricated solar cell is 0.09%.

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Muhammad Hisyamuddin Hussin, Nor Azmmi Masripan, Mohd Azli Salim, Adzni Md. Saad, and Chonlatee Photong. "Electric Symphony: Unveiling the Potential of Reduced-Temperature Cured Conductive Ink." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mechanics 120, no. 1 (July 10, 2024): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/aram.120.1.7284.

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This study evaluates the performance of low-temperature-cured graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and silver nanoparticles (Ag) hybrid conductive ink. The ink's electrical conductivity characteristics are assessed for applications in flexible and printed electronics. Results show that the GNP/Ag hybrid conductive ink achieves high electrical conductivity as compared to traditional high-temperature-cured inks, with robust adhesion to diverse substrates. The low-temperature curing process mitigates thermal damage to temperature-sensitive substrates, expanding the ink's potential applications. These findings contribute to the development of efficient and versatile manufacturing processes for advanced electronic devices, positioning the GNP/Ag hybrid conductive ink as a promising material for emerging technologies.

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Ran, Jun, Li Xin Mo, Wen Bo Li, Wei Wei Li, Xin Ming Fan, Ji Lan Fu, and Lu Hai Li. "A Nano-Silver Inkjet Conductive Ink with Excellent Adhesion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.501.

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In this paper，the preparation of a solvent based nano-silver inkjet conductive ink with excellent adhesion was investigated and applied. Nano-silver particles, with dodecylamine (DDA) as the protective agent, were prepared and the effect of protective agent on the post heat-treatment of nano- silver ﬁlms was investigated. Results of electrical resistance, micro-structural evolution and thermal analysis showed that the Ag/DDA ﬁlms require a relatively low treatment temperature to convert into conductive materials. Then the conductive ink was prepared with well dispersed Ag/DDA nanoparticles and the ink was printed patterns on PET、PI ﬁlms through EPSON ME 33 inkjet printer , the patterns showed a sheet resistance is 182.3mΩ/□ and the adhesion reached to 5B after heat-treating at 120°C for 60min .

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Rashid, Nora'zah Abdul, Nurul Hidayah Ismail, Aiman Sajidah Abd Aziz, Syed Muhammad Hafiz Syed Mohd Jaafar, Suraya Sulaiman, and Hing Wah Lee. "Hybrid rGO-AgNPs Conductive Ink for Inkjet Printed Flexible Humidity Sensor." Key Engineering Materials 945 (May 19, 2023): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-2ib178.

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Due to the challenging dispersion of graphene in aqueous media, organic solvents are commonly used in conductive graphene inks. This will result in safety issues and environmental pollution. In this study, we demonstrated a green approach of graphene ink preparation through one-pot synthesis reaction that produce a hybrid reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), with deionized water as solvent. The synthesized rGO-AgNPs was monitored using ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared (FTIR). A stable dispersion of rGO-AgNPs ink was confirmed through UV-Vis analysis. FTIR result showed the removal and the reduction in the intensities of absorption bands of oxygen-containing functional groups, which indicated that graphene oxide (GO) has been successfully reduced to rGO in the hybrid ink. The printed film of rGO-AgNPs exhibited a high conductivity of 1.50 × 104 S/cm, proven that the electrical performance of the hybrid ink has been improved as compared to previously reported GO-based ink. Printed into interdigitated electrode (IDE), the impressive characteristic of our hybrid ink performed well as a high-sensitivity flexible humidity sensor.

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Abd Aziz, Aiman Sajidah, Siti Zuulaika Rejal, Nora'zah Abdul Rashid, Suraya Sulaiman, Syed Muhammad Hafiz Syed Mohd Jaafar, and Hing Wah Lee. "Reliability Test of Inkjet-Printable Silver Conductive Ink." Key Engineering Materials 945 (May 19, 2023): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-cp1337.

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Inkjet printing is a promising technique for fabricating printed electronics. This technique acquires the utilization of conductive ink to form a fine and thin resolution conductive structure on a flexible substrate. The challenges are to design a stable conductive ink with a controlled properties to prevent nozzle clogging. Furthermore, a fine structure construction often demonstrated poor device performance due low mechanical durability. In this work, we have characterized morphology of the newly developed inkjet-printable nanosilver conductive ink (Mi-Ag) in our laboratory. The ink shows a stable colloidal ink zeta potential of-79.1 mV with nanoparticle size less than 100 nm properties has been tailored for compatibility with inkjet printing of conductive pattern on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flexible substrate. It has been ascertained that the flexible electronic form factor affects the quality of the physical and electrical properties of printed pattern and the device performance. Hence, the bending test of the printed RFID patterns fabricated with different layer of thicknesses was investigated. Electrical properties of the samples were monitored by in-situ conductivity and resistivity measurement under cyclic bending testing. Pattern with thinnest layer of 1.31μm (1X) had the smallest electrical properties percentage drop (38.4%) at 12,000 bending cycles due to the fact that in thick layer, the interparticle network started to change during bending and became weaker due to the large amount of the particles in the dense printed layer. In contrast, printed device exhibited minimal increase in resistivity. Consequently the particle gap increased which allowed the movement of electrons, leading to the increased of electrical resistance. The device endurance characteristic is crucial to satisfy future design requirement of flexible electronic applications.

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Claypole, Andrew, James Claypole, Liam Kilduff, David Gethin, and Tim Claypole. "Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051200.

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For wearable electronic devices to be fully integrated into garments, without restricting or impeding movement, requires flexible and stretchable inks and coatings, which must have consistent performance and recover from mechanical strain. Combining Carbon Black (CB) and ammonia plasma functionalized Graphite Nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) resin created a conductive ink that could stretch to substrate failure (>300% nominal strain) and cyclic strains of up to 100% while maintaining an electrical network. This highly stretchable, conductive screen-printable ink was developed using relatively low-cost carbon materials and scalable processes making it a candidate for future wearable developments. The electromechanical performance of the carbon ink for wearable technology is compared to a screen-printable silver as a control. After initial plastic deformation and the alignment of the nano carbons in the matrix, the electrical performance was consistent under cycling to 100% nominal strain. Although the GNP flakes are pulled further apart a consistent, but less conductive path remains through the CB/TPU matrix. In contrast to the nano carbon ink, a more conductive ink made using silver flakes lost conductivity at 166% nominal strain falling short of the substrate failure strain. This was attributed to the failure of direct contact between the silver flakes.

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Wang, Shuyue, Xiaoli Wu, Jiaxin Lu, Zhengwu Luo, Hui Xie, Xiaobin Zhang, Kaiwen Lin, and Yuehui Wang. "Inkjet-Printed Silver Nanowire Ink for Flexible Transparent Conductive Film Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050842.

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The development of flexible transparent conductive electrodes has been considered as a key issue in realizing flexible functional electronics. Inkjet printing provides a new opportunity for the manufacture of FFE due to simple process, cost-effective, environmental friendliness, and digital method to circuit pattern. However, obtaining high concentration of inkjet- printed silver nanowires (AgNWs) conductive ink is a great challenge because the high aspect ratio of AgNWs makes it easy to block the jetting nozzle. This study provides an inkjet printing AgNWs conductive ink with low viscosity and high concentration of AgNWs and good printing applicability, especially without nozzle blockage after printing for more than 4 h. We discussed the effects of the components of the ink on surface tension, viscosity, contact angle as well as droplet spreading behavior. Under the optimized process and formulation of ink, flexible transparent conductive electrode with a sheet resistance of 32 Ω·sq−1–291 nm·sq−1 and a transmittancy at 550 nm of 72.5–86.3% is achieved. We investigated the relationship between the printing layer and the sheet resistance and the stability of the sheet resistance under a bending test as well as the infrared thermal response of the AgNWs–based flexible transparent conductive electrode. We successfully printed the coupling electrodes and demonstrated the excellent potential of inkjet-printed AgNWs—based flexible transparent conductive electrode for developing flexible functional electronics.

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Cândido, Thaís Cristina, Arnaldo César Pereira, and Daniela Nunes da Silva. "Development and Characterization of Conductive Ink Composed of Graphite and Carbon Black for Application in Printed Electrodes." Analytica 4, no. 4 (December 4, 2023): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/analytica4040035.

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This work developed a conductive ink composed of carbonaceous material for printing electrochemical sensors. The optimized ink comprises graphite, carbon black, and nail polish, respectively (35.3:11.7:53%), as well as acetone as a solvent. The proportion was optimized with consideration of the binder’s solubilization, the ink’s suitability for the screen-printing process, and lower electrical resistance. The materials used, and the resulting ink, were analyzed by way of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The charge transfer resistance (Rct) obtained was 0.348 kΩ. The conductive ink was used to print an electrode on a PET substrate, and a flexible and disposable electrode was obtained. The electroactive area obtained was 13.7 cm2, which was calculated by the Randles-Sevcik equation. The applicability of the device was demonstrated with a redox probe, providing a sensitivity of 0.02 µ A L mmol−1. The conductive ink has adequate homogeneity for producing electrodes using the screen-printing technique, with a low estimated production cost of $ 0.09 mL−1.

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Tyler, Neil. "Polymeric Ink for Printed Electronics." New Electronics 54, no. 7 (April 27, 2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)60262-1.

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Jang, Jina, Haoyu Zhou, Jungbae Lee, Hakgae Kim, and Jung Bin In. "Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers." Polymers 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091405.

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Conductive fibers are essential building blocks for implementing various functionalities in a textile platform that is highly conformable to mechanical deformation. In this study, two major techniques were developed to fabricate silver-deposited conductive fibers. First, a droplet-coating method was adopted to coat a nylon fiber with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). While conventional dip coating uses a large ink pool and thus wastes coating materials, droplet-coating uses minimal quantities of silver ink by translating a small ink droplet along the nylon fiber. Secondly, the silver-deposited fiber was annealed by similarly translating a tubular heater along the fiber to induce sintering of the AgNPs and AgNWs. This heat-scanning motion avoids excessive heating and subsequent thermal damage to the nylon fiber. The effects of heat-scanning time and heater power on the fiber conductance were systematically investigated. A conductive fiber with a resistance as low as ~2.8 Ω/cm (0.25 Ω/sq) can be produced. Finally, it was demonstrated that the conductive fibers can be applied in force sensors and flexible interconnectors.

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Li, Changning, Saurabh Khuje, Donald Petit, Yulong Huang, Aaron Sheng, Lu An, Massimigliano Di Luigi, et al. "Printed copper-nanoplate conductor for electro-magnetic interference." Nanotechnology 33, no. 11 (December 21, 2021): 115601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac40bc.

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Abstract As one of the conductive ink materials with high electric conductivity, elemental copper (Cu) based nanocrystals promise for printable electronics. Here, single crystalline Cu nanoplates were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. Size engineering of Cu nanoplates can be rationalized by using the LaMer model and the versatile Cu conductive ink materials are suitable for different printing technologies. The printed Cu traces show high electric conductivity of 6 MS m−1, exhibiting electro-magnetic interference shielding efficiency value of 75 dB at an average thicknesses of 11 μm. Together with flexible alumina ceramic aerogel substrates, it kept 87% conductivity at the environmental temperature of 400 °C, demonstrating the potential of Cu conductive ink for high-temperature printable electronics applications.

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Fu, Ji Lan, Ya Ling Li, Li Xin Mo, Yu Wang, Jun Ran, Zhe Pang, Yan Ma, and Lu Hai Li. "Preparation of Conductive Nanosilver Ink and its Application on RFID Tags." Advanced Materials Research 904 (March 2014): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.904.121.

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The recent dramatic progress in the printed electronics and flexible electronics, due to the universality of the substrates including the foldable and stretchable substrates, has opened a new prospect in the field of future electronics. In this paper, silver nanospheres in large-scale are synthesized, the nanosilver ink with 63.88% silver content are prepared and a new type of highly conductive and far identify distance RFID tags are manufactured. Especially there are no resin and other additives containing in our conductive ink which satisfy the rheological characteristics and process of screen printing. The tags exhibit the best radiation performance own to there is no high temperature sintering in need. The surface resistance of the tags could be 80 mΩ/, and the identify distance reach to 6.0m. Keywords:silver nanoparticles, conductive ink, RFID tags

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Angelo, Peter D., Ramin R. Farnood, Rana N. Sodhi, and Gregory B. Cole. "Conductivity of inkjet-printed PEDOT:PSS-SWCNTs on uncoated papers." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-02-p486-495.

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Abstract Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene): poly (styrene-sulfonate), or PEDOT:PSS, as well as singlewalled carbon nanotubes, were incorporated into an inkjet ink. Handsheets were prepared which contained varying amounts of TiO2filler, internal sizing agent, fixation agent, and either softwood or hardwood kraft pulp. The ink was jetted onto the handsheets to form conductive layers with apparent conductivity as high as 0.018 S/cm on internally alkyketene dimer-sized softwood kraft handsheets with no other additives. Internal sizing increased conductivity at low filler loadings by preventing PEDOT:PSS from penetrating into the substrate, resulting in a conductive ink film on the surface of the sample. Unsized handsheets allowed more rapid absorption, and therefore deeper penetration, of the PEDOT:PSS ink, which resulted in a more diffuse conductive layer. The inclusion of a polyethyleneimine retention aid for TiO2filler decreased conductivity significantly even in unfilled sheets by interaction with PSS-counterions. A positively charged fixation agent, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride, reduced PEDOT conductivity through the retention of nonconductive PSS-anions.

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Li, Wei Wei, Li Xin Mo, Ji Lan Fu, Wen Bo Li, Jun Ran, Xin Ming Fan, Ya Ling Li, and Lu Hai Li. "Fabrication of Transparent Conductive Film Using Water-Based Nano-Silver Gravure Ink." Key Engineering Materials 562-565 (July 2013): 1440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.562-565.1440.

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In this article, three parts of work have been done. First, silver nano-particle dispersion had been obtained by liquid chemical reduction method with Ag+ concentration as 2.7mol/l and UV-vis, SEM were used to characterize the silver nano-particles. Then, the dispersion was purified by solvent deposit method for three times with acetone acting as the deposit agent and water-based gravure ink was obtained after adding water, resin, and other additives. The silver content and viscosity of the ink were measured by TG and rheometer. Finally, the ink was used to fabricate transparent conductive film (TCF) with PET as the substrate. The transmissivity, adhesion, conductivity, and the edge sharpness were measured. The results show that ration of silver nanoplates in the dispersion synthesized can reach to 70%. From TG curve, the silver content of the ink is wt. 49%. Viscosity of the gravure ink is 129mPa•s. The transmissivity of the film is around 80% and the calculated resistivity is 1.53×10-4Ω.cm.

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Boumegnane, Abdelkrim, Assia Batine, Ayoub Nadi, Abdelouahed Dahrouch, Abdelhamid Stambouli, Omar Cherkaoui, and Mohamed Tahiri. "Inkjet printing of silver conductive ink on textiles for electronic applications: impact of ink formulation on electrical performances of the ink." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1266, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1266/1/012006.

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Abstract Printed electronics technology is one of the most dynamic in the world, allowing for the low-cost fabrication of electronic networks on textile substrates using the inkjet printing technique which is commonly used in various industries. In the field of formulation of conductive inks, silver nanoparticles are generally used as precursors that confer electrical conductivity to the printed patterns. In the present work, we synthesized silver nanoparticles by an ecological reduction method and then dispersed them in a PEG/Glycerol mixture to prepare a conductive ink. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as the morphology of the printed silver tracks was characterized by SEM. The developed ink was then successfully printed on a piece of pre-treated cotton fabric to produce flexible electronic components on the textile.

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Li, Wei Wei, Li Xin Mo, Ji Lan Fu, Wen Bo Li, Jun Ran, Xin Ming Fan, Ya Ling Li, and Lu Hai Li. "Preparation of Water-Based Nano-Silver Gravure Conductive Ink Used for Printed Electronics." Applied Mechanics and Materials 262 (December 2012): 523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.262.523.

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Printed electronic industry develops fast and has great potential. In order to prepare water-based nano-silver gravure conductive ink used for printed electronics, liquid chemical reduction method is used. Ag+(5.89M) at high concentration acting as the precursor is reduced by hydrazine hydrate with PVP as the protecting agent. For one time of reaction, silver content of 9.25% is obtained. After washing and centrifuging the silver colloids for three times to purity, some amount of deionized water, resin and additives are added to the silver paste to fabricated water-based nano-silver conductive ink for gravure. Then, samples obtained by coating or proofing are dried and surface resistance and adhesion are measured. The results indicated that the silver particles prepared have size of about 50~100nm and most of the particles are spherical with small amount nanoplates. The nano-silver gravure conductive ink has 52.63% silver content and 3.58% PVP. Surface resistance of samples coated after sintering at 120°C for 30s can reach 129.5mΩ/sq and the resistivity is 1.49×10-4Ω.cm. The ink layer surface has no drop after 3M method which indicating good adhesion. The ink is suitable for gravure and can be used in printed electronics.

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Li, Tsai Cheng, Rwei Ching Chang, and Y. C. Li. "Characterization of Conductive Thin Films Deposited by Ink Jet Printing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.57.

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With the advantage of simplicity and low cost, ink jet printing has the potential to replace the traditional chemical and physical deposition technology in thin film fabrication. In this work, silver conductive thin films are deposited on glass and polyimide substrates by ink jet printing, where some major characteristics of the printed thin films are investigated and compared to those deposited by sputtering. The micro texture and residual stresses of the thin films are measured with X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Using thin film scratch tester, the adhesion of thin films deposited by both ink jet printing and sputtering is studied. Further observations on electric and optical performance by using visible wavelength photospectrometry, four-point probe, and surface profiler are also discussed. The result shows that the micro texture of the printed thin film behaves as good as the sputtered thin film. Furthermore, the micro scratch result illustrates that the adhesion of the printed thin film is even better than the sputtered thin film. It emphasizes that, after certain baking process, the ink jet printing has the possibility to replace sputtering in thin film deposition, especially for the polymer substrates.

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Jiao, Shou-Zheng, Zhi-Cheng Sun, Fu-Rong Li, Mei-Jia Yan, Mei-Juan Cao, Dong-Sheng Li, Yan Liu, and Lu-Hai Li. "Preparation and Application of Conductive Polyaniline-Coated Thermally Expandable Microspheres." Polymers 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11010022.

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The thermally expandable microspheres (TEMs) were prepared through suspension polymerization with acrylonitrile (AN), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methyl acrylate (MA) as the main monomers. Simultaneously, iso-pentane, n-hexane, iso-octane and other low-boiling hydrocarbons were prepared as blowing agents under two conditions, including high-pressure nitrogen and atmospheric conditions. The above physical foaming microspheres have a core-shell structure and excellent foaming effects. A layer of polyaniline (PANI) was deposited on the surface of the prepared TEMs by emulsion polymerization to obtain conductive and heat-expandable microspheres. Afterwards, the foaming ink was prepared by mixing the conductive TEMs and water-based ink. Finally, a conductive three-dimensional picture was obtained by screen-printing technology. This paper specifically focuses on the effects of particle size, morphology and the thermal expansion properties of the microspheres. The present research methods expect to obtain microspheres with a high foaming ratio, uniform particle size and antistatic properties, which may be applied to physical foaming ink.

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Im, Hyobin, and Jung-Sim Roh. "Characterization of Silver Conductive Ink Screen-Printed Textile Circuits: Effects of Substrate, Mesh Density, and Overprinting." Materials 17, no. 19 (October 6, 2024): 4898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17194898.

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This study explores the intricate interaction between the properties of textile substrates and screen-printing parameters in shaping fabric circuits using silver conductive ink. Via analyzing key variables such as fabric type, mesh density, and the number of overprinted layers, the research revealed how the porous structure, large surface area, and fiber morphology of textile substrates influence ink absorption, ultimately enhancing the electrical connectivity of the printed circuits. Notably, the hydrophilic cotton staple fibers fabric effectively absorbed the conductive ink into the fabric substrate, demonstrating superior electrical performance compared with the hydrophobic polyester filament fabric after three overprinting, unlike the results observed after a single print. As mesh density decreased and the number of prints increased, the electrical resistance of the circuit gradually reduced, but ink bleeding on the fabric surface became more pronounced. Cotton fabric, via absorbing the ink deeply, exhibited less surface bleeding, while polyester fabric showed more noticeable ink spreading. These findings provide valuable insights for improving screen printing technology for textile circuits and contribute to the development of advanced fabric circuits that enhance the functionality of smart wearable technology.

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Azmi, Amirul Hadi, Shaharin Fadzli Abd Rahman, and Mastura Shafinaz Zainal Abidin. "Characterization of drop-casted graphene/cellulose thin film on printing paper substrate." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp680-685.

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Paper electronics is an emerging technology to implement flexible and wearable electronics devices via ink printing process. This paper evaluates the feasibility of using conventional printing paper for coating process with graphene/cellulose ink. 4 different types of regularly used conventional printing papers were used as substrates in this work. The conductive graphene ink was prepared through exfoliation of graphite in cellulose solution. The paper substrates surface morphology and sheet resistance of the drop-casted conductive ink on each paper were analyzed and discussed. Glossy paper was found to be suitable paper substrate for the printing of the formulated ink due to its low surface roughness of 16 nm. The value of sheet resistance of the graphene/cellulose thin film can be lowered to 4.11 kΩ/sq by applying multiple drops. This work suggests that conventional printing paper may offer solution for highly scalable and low-cost paper electronics.

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Lam, Chee Leong, Muhamad Firdaus Mohd Rafi, Mohamad Fahmi Hazwan Mohd Fishol, Muhamad Bakhtiar Mohd Yudin, Aldi Michi, Chakrit Sriprachuabwong, Adisorn Tuantranont, and Dedy Hermawan Bagus Wicaksono. "Graphene-Based Flexible Circuit on Cotton Fabric Using Wax Patterning Method." Advanced Materials Research 1112 (July 2015): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.98.

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With recent development in the field of wearable devices for biomedical applications, various studies have been conducted on the fabrication of electrically conductive circuit on flexible substrate materials such as paper or textile. In this project, we propose the fabrication of electrically conductive circuit on cotton fabric using simple wax patterning method. Using this method, hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions were patterned on the fabric and graphene-poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulfonic acid) (graphene-PEDOT:PSS) ink was deposited on the hydrophilic region using pipetting method. Conductive lines with higher conductance were fabricated by multiple deposition of the conductive ink and electronic components were successfully attached on the fabric to develop a simple fully functional flexible circuit.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Conductive ink'

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