Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conditions non locales'
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Ghanemi, Souad. "Méthode de décomposition de domaines avec conditions de transmissions non locales pour des problèmes de propagation d'ondes." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090004.
Full textOur work is a contribution to the study of iterative on overlapping domain decomposition methods for harmonic wave propagation problems. More precisely, we introduce some new non-local transmission conditions at the interfaces between subdomains to obtain an exponential rate of convergence. Theoretically, we prove the convergence of the method for both homogenous and heterogenous medium. We present various numerical results performed with a mixed hybrid finite element approximation for acoustic waves in two and three dimensions, that validate the method. Finally, we present numerical performance of parallel version of the method using multiprocessor computers
Garbin, Turpaud Fernando, and Pachas Ángel Alfredo Lévano. "Higher-order non-local finite element bending analysis of functionally graded." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626024.
Full textTimoshenko Beam Theory (TBT) and an Improved First Shear Deformation Theory (IFSDT) are reformulated using Eringen’s non-local constitutive equations. The use of 3D constitutive equation is presented in IFSDT. A material variation is made by the introduction of FGM power law in the elasticity modulus through the height of a rectangular section beam. The virtual work statement and numerical results are presented in order to compare both beam theories.
Tesis
Elghandouri, Mohammed. "Approximate Controllability for some Nonlocal Integrodifferential Equations in Banach Spaces." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS189.
Full textControl theory is an interdisciplinary field that addresses the behavior of dynamical systems with the primary goal of managing their output. A specialized subset of this is mathematical control theory, which focuses on utilizing mathematical methods to analyze system behavior and design controllers. This involves applying differential equations, linear algebra, optimization, and various mathematical tools to comprehend, model, and regulate system behavior. These systems have extensive applications across robotics, automation, aerospace, electrical engineering, mechanical systems, robotics, biological and social systems, among others. Described by complex models such as partial differential equations, functional differential equations, and other infinite-dimensional models, these systems pose intricate challenges, rendering the analysis of their behavior a pivotal and intricate area of research. In recent years, the application of control theory to analyze and regulate the behavior of these systems has attracted significant attention. This thesis aims to investigate the approximate controllability of certain infinite-dimensional dynamical systems described by integrodifferential equations. The thesis is structured into three chapters, each addressing the problem of achieving approximate controllability in integrodifferential evolution equations equipped with nonlocal conditions. The first chapter introduces fundamental tools critical to establishing our main findings, including the theory of resolvent operators, multi-valued maps, duality mapping, mathematical control theory, and other essential concepts. Chapter 2 specifically focuses on the approximate controllability of semilinear integrodifferential evolution equations with nonlocal conditions of the form w(0)=w0+g(w). Here, assuming the linear part is precisely null and approximately controllable, we employ resolvent operator theory to present our main results. Chapter 3 centers on investigating the existence of mild solutions and the approximate controllability of integrodifferential evolution systems with multi-valued nonlocal conditions (w(0) belongs w0+g(w)). By using resolvent operator theory, we establish sufficient conditions for both existence and controllability. Introducing a general Kalman controllability criterion, we examine approximate controllability in linear cases and subsequently demonstrate it in nonlinear cases. Throughout these chapters, we provide illustrative examples to support our main findings
Zähringer, Yasin Hisam Julian. "Non-commutative Iwasawa theory with (φ,Γ)-local conditions over distribution algebras." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/noncommutative-iwasawa-theory-with-local-conditions-over-distribution-algebras(77477392-e3b4-4eb1-8acc-e59789517360).html.
Full textMertz, Laurent. "Inéquations variationnelles stochastiques et applications aux vibrations de structures mécaniques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653121.
Full textFichet, Pascal. "Calculs de l'emission infrarouge de l'ozone atmospherique dans des conditions de non equilibre thermodynamique local." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066092.
Full textFiscella, A. "VARIATIONAL PROBLEMS INVOLVING NON-LOCAL ELLIPTIC OPERATORS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/245334.
Full textHofmann, B., and O. Scherzer. "Local Ill-Posedness and Source Conditions of Operator Equations in Hilbert Spaces." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 1998. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-199800957.
Full textZahoor, Mudasar. "Non-Local Damage Modeling of Rocks under the conditions of High Pressure and High Temperature (HPHT)." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2011. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/555.
Full textElfversson, Emma. "Central Politics and Local Peacemaking : The Conditions for Peace after Communal Conflict." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324928.
Full textChau, Thi Tuyet Trang. "Non-parametric methodologies for reconstruction and estimation in nonlinear state-space models." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S010/document.
Full textThe amount of both observational and model-simulated data within the environmental, climate and ocean sciences has grown at an accelerating rate. Observational (e.g. satellite, in-situ...) data are generally accurate but still subject to observational errors and available with a complicated spatio-temporal sampling. Increasing computer power and understandings of physical processes have permitted to advance in models accuracy and resolution but purely model driven solutions may still not be accurate enough. Filtering and smoothing (or sequential data assimilation methods) have developed to tackle the issues. Their contexts are usually formalized under the form of a space-state model including the dynamical model which describes the evolution of the physical process (state), and the observation model which describes the link between the physical process and the available observations. In this thesis, we tackle three problems related to statistical inference for nonlinear state-space models: state reconstruction, parameter estimation and replacement of the dynamic model by an emulator constructed from data. For the first problem, we will introduce an original smoothing algorithm which combines the Conditional Particle Filter (CPF) and Backward Simulation (BS) algorithms. This CPF-BS algorithm allows for efficient exploration of the state of the physical variable, sequentially refining exploration around trajectories which best meet the constraints of the dynamic model and observations. We will show on several toy models that, at the same computation time, the CPF-BS algorithm gives better results than the other CPF algorithms and the stochastic EnKS algorithm which is commonly used in real applications. We will then discuss the problem of estimating unknown parameters in state-space models. The most common statistical algorithm for estimating the parameters of a space-state model is based on EM algorithm, which makes it possible to iteratively compute a numerical approximation of the maximum likelihood estimators. We will show that the EM and CPF-BS algorithms can be combined to effectively estimate the parameters in toy models. In some applications, the dynamical model is unknown or very expensive to solve numerically but observations or simulations are available. It is thence possible to reconstruct the state conditionally to the observations by using filtering/smoothing algorithms in which the dynamical model is replaced by a statistical emulator constructed from the observations. We will show that the EM and CPF-BS algorithms can be adapted in this framework and allow to provide non-parametric estimation of the dynamic model of the state from noisy observations. Finally the proposed algorithms are applied to impute wind data (produced by Méteo France)
Almeida, Uirá Norberto Matos de. "Resolubilidade local de campos vetoriais reais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55135/tde-23042014-163412/.
Full textThis dissertation aims to study some important results about local solvability of first order differential operators. Specifically, let L be a singular vector field on \'R POT. n\' given by L = \' \\SIGMA SUP. m INF.j=1\' \'a IND. j(x) \'\\PARTIAL SUP. INF. \\PARTIAL x INF. j\'. This work explore the local solvability of L, that is, given f \'IT BELONGS\' \'C POT. INFINITY\' (\'R POT. n\' and \'x INF. 0\' \'IT BELONGS\' \'R POT. n\' we want to find u \'IT BELONGS\' 2 D\'(\'R POT. n) such that Lu = f in a neighborhood of \'x INF. 0\'. We give special attention to the case where the coefficients \'a IND. j\'(x) are linear. We also present some results about local solvability of the equation Lu = cu + f for c \'IT BELONGS\' \'C POT. INFINITY\' (\'R POT. n\')
Klimova, Elena. "Some Non-Local Boundary-Value Problems and their Relationship to Problems for Loaded Equations." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-145227.
Full textDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
Kunkel, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Second order parabolic equations with non-local boundary conditions on L∞(Ω) and C(Ω̅): generation, regularity and asymptotics / Stefan Kunkel." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136660550/34.
Full textNetswera, Fulufhelo Godfrey. "Local government service provision and non-payment within underdeveloped communities of the Johannesburg Unicity : service providers' and consumers' perspective." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16519.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African local government literature suggests a historical problem of municipal non-consultation in services identification and provision that goes hand-in-hand with community non-participation in municipal activities, coupled by a ‘culture of non-payment’ for these services. This research, which was conducted between 2002 and 2005 in the city of Johannesburg municipality, had the central purpose of ascertaining the manner and ways in which the city of Johannesburg provides its basic services to the Soweto communities and, in turn, of understanding if communities participate in municipal activities and hold possible attitudes of non-payment for municipal services. In order to attain the research purpose, six research questions were identified through local government theories and literature and advanced. The first set of four questions was aimed at the Soweto communities: How affordable are the basic municipal services to the Soweto communities? What are community’s perceptions of the importance of the various municipal services? Are the communities participating in the services identification and provision? How satisfied are the communities with the service delivery? The second set of two questions was aimed at service providers or the municipal services managers and councillors: What methods does the municipality use in identifying and delivering service? What does the municipality perceive to be their application and enforcement of service quality management standards? The original methodological intent was to interview the Soweto communities and the city of Johannesburg municipal services managers and councillors. 200 Soweto households were indeed interviewed from the eight townships of Chiawelo, Diepkloof, Dobsonville, Dube, Jabulani, Meadowlands, Naledi and Orlando, which were randomly selected. The survey amongst the heads of these 200 households was followed by four focus group meetings at Chiawelo, Dobsonville, Dube and Meadowlands and between five and eleven households participated in the discussions in clarifying survey outcomes. It was only possible, however, to interview three service managers from the city of Johannesburg services utilities Pikitup, Johannesburg Water and the Contract Management Unit. Frustrated attempts to interview municipal councillors in the city of Johannesburg led to obtaining permission for proxy interviews from the MEC of Local Government and Traffic Safety in Mpumalanga municipalities of Govan Mbeki and Emalahleni and the inclusion of the KwaZulu-Natal municipality of Emnambithi. The usage of proxy interviews is thought to be relevant since the perceptions on service provision relate to the application and implementation of the uniform countrywide local government structures and systems. A total of 24 interviews were conducted with the Mpumalanga MEC, the city of Johannesburg service managers (3), councillors (9) and senior municipal administrators (11). In order to confirm or repudiate service provider findings from the Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal municipalities, supplementary interviews were held with persons knowledgeable about service delivery in Soweto between 2002 and 2005. A total of four additional interviews were thus conducted. In the analysis of the community survey data, townships were classified as well-off and worse-off on the basis of household incomes and thus participation in municipal activities, payment of services and other attitudes were compared between the two strata. The findings of the research reveal low levels of ability to pay for municipal services by communities in terms of household incomes. However, the household possessions of the living standard measurement (LSM) utilities indicated otherwise. The use of income as a measure of affordability to pay is suspect in methodological reliability; hence income related findings should be interpreted with caution. The worse-off townships preferred state provision of the basic municipal services. There was less inclination to participate in municipal structures such as ward committees and Integrated Development Plans (IDP) processes by the well-off townships, although they were the least satisfied with service provision and municipal performance. The city of Johannesburg municipality was found to be addressing service backlogs as a method for service identification and prioritisation. The municipality has semi-privatised basic municipal services such as water, electricity and garbage collection through section 21 companies in order to overcome service provision inefficiencies and ineffectiveness. This has devastating effects in terms of the community’s inability to pay, leading to services disconnection. Communities in general, however, believed that service provision has improved through these utilities even though the municipality has not finalised its performance management contracts with the utilities. Whereas the service provider interviews were conducted in Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal, additional telephone interviews with service provision experts for Soweto agreed that municipal challenges throughout the country are generally the same since they operate within relatively new policy frameworks. It is acknowledged, however, that metropolitan municipalities and specifically the city of Johannesburg face some unique challenges too. It is concluded that the central role of the local government as the custodian of basic municipal services cannot be disputed; however, the inefficiencies and ineffectiveness of the market forces require private-public partnerships. It can also be concluded that non-participation is an outcome of, among other things, poor participative capacity within communities, apathy, feelings of distrust of both the municipal institutions and municipal councillors and the lack of information regarding community obligations to municipal institutions. The research recommends the use of similar service utilities in both townships and former white suburban areas in order to overcome the perceptions of the municipal services level disparities that are formed on the basis of townships versus white suburban areas; an overhaul of the municipality’s billing system to overcome its debt and service charges collection problems; ward committee participation capacity improvement for both the municipal councillors and communities and the development and communication of clear guidelines on the roles of regional services management centres. Further research is recommended on, among other things, whether privatisation of municipal services results in better access by all and improves efficiency and payments, and on the functionality and effectiveness of ward committees as vehicles for community participation and in developing new and more reliable socio-economic modelling for assessing community ability to pay for government services.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Uit ’n literatuuroorsig van plaaslike regering in Suid-Afrika het dit geblyk dat daar ’n historiese probleem van nie-oorlegpleging by die identifisering en lewering van dienste deur munisipaliteite bestaan. Hierdie probleem gaan hand aan hand met niedeelname aan munisipale aktiwiteite deur gemeenskappe en ’n kultuur van “geenbetaling” vir dienste gelewer. Die hoofdoel van hierdie navorsing, wat tussen 2002 en 2005 in die stad Johannesburg gedoen is, was om vas te stel hoe die stad se munisipaliteit basiese dienste aan Soweto lewer en of daar enige gemeenskapsdeelname aan aktiwiteite is en of gemeenskappe ’n geenbetaling-houding inneem. Om die navorsingsdoel te bereik is ses vrae deur middel van literatuur en teorieë oor plaaslike regering geïdentifiseer. Die eerste vier vrae is gemik op gemeenskappe in Soweto: Hoe bekostigbaar is die basiese munisipale dienste aan die gemeenskappe in Soweto? Wat is die gemeenskap se mening oor die belangrikheid van die onderskeie munisipale dienste? Het gemeenskappe deel aan die identifisering en lewering van dienste? Hoe tevrede is die gemeenskappe met dienslewering? Die laaste twee vrae is gemik op die diensleweraars of munisipaledienstebestuurders en raadslede: Watter metodes gebruik die munisipaliteit om dienste te identifiseer en te lewer? Wat beskou die munisipaliteit as op hulle van toepassing sover dit die afdwingbaarheid van kwaliteitstandaarde in die lewering van dienste en bestuur betref? Oorspronklik was die doel om onderhoude te voer met gemeenskappe in Soweto sowel as munisipaledienste-bestuurders en raadslede van Johannesburg. Onderhoude met hoofde van 200 huishoudings in Soweto is wel gevoer. Hierdie huishoudings is ewekansig uit Chiawelo, Diepkloof, Dobsonville, Dube, Jabulani, Meadowlands, Naledi en Orlando gekies. Die onderhoude is gevolg deur vier fokusgroepvergaderings te Chiawelo, Dobsonville, Dube en Meadowlands, en tussen vyf en elf huishoudings het aan besprekings deelgeneem ten einde duidelikheid te verkry oor bevindinge van die ondersoek. Dit was egter net moontlik om onderhoude met drie dienstebestuurders van die stad Johannesburg te voer, naamlik Pikitup, Johannesburg Water en die Kontrak Bestuursgroep. Verskeie vrugtelose pogings om onderhoude met raadslede te bekom het uiteindelik gelei tot die verkryging van toestemming vir plaasvervangende onderhoude met die LUR vir die Plaaslike Regering sowel as Verkeersveiligheid in die volgende munisipaliteite: Govan Mbeki en Emalahleni in Mpumalanga en Emnambithi in KwaZulu-Natal. Hierdie plaasvervangende onderhoude is as toepaslik beskou, aangesien die menings oor dienslewering te doen het met die toepassing en implementering van die uniforme landswye plaaslikeregering-strukture en -stelsels wat dus op Soweto ook van toepassing is. ’n Totaal van 24 onderhoude is gevoer met die Mpumalanga-LUR (1), die dienstebestuurders van die stad Johannesburg (3), raadslede (9) en senior munisipale administrateurs (11). Om die bevindinge van die Mpumulanga- en KwaZulu-Natal-munisipaliteite te bevestig of te weerlê, is aanvullende onderhoude met persone wat kennis van dienslewering in Soweto het tussen 2002 en 2005 gevoer. Altesaam vier addisionele onderhoude is dus gevoer. Tydens die ontleding van die gemeenskapsdata is gemeenskappe as gegoed of minder gegoed geklassifiseer op grond van huishoudelike inkomste en dus is deelname aan munisipale aktiwiteite, betaling vir dienste en ander gesindhede tussen die twee strata vergelyk. Daar is bevind dat min mense munisipale dienste kan bekostig in terme van huishoudelike inkomste, maar dat huishoudelike besittings wat lewenstandaard bepaal op die teenoorgestelde dui. Die gebruik van huishoudelike inkomste as ’n maatstaf van die vermoë om te betaal is ’n aanvaarbare metode, maar moet tog met omsigtigheid benader word. Die gemeenskap wat die slegste daaraan toe was, verkies dat die staat basiese munisipale dienste voorsien. ’n Laer geneigdheid tot deelname aan munisipale strukture soos wykskomitees en geïntegreerde ontwikkelingsplanne is by die meer gegoede gemeenskappe aangetref, hoewel hulle die grootste ontevredenheid toon met dienslewering en munisipale werkverrigting. Daar is gevind dat die munisipaliteit van die stad Johannesburg die agterstand in dienste aangespreek het as metode om dienste te identifiseer en te prioritiseer. Om die probleem van oneffektiewe en ondoeltreffende dienste te oorkom, maak die munisipaliteit gebruik van artikel 21- maatskappye vir dienste soos water, elektrisiteit en vullisverwydering. Dit lei tot die beëindiging van die dienste van gemeenskappe wat nie kan betaal nie. Oor die algemeen is inwoners egter van mening dat dienste deur hierdie maatskappye verbeter is, hoewel die munisipaliteit nog nie sy prestasiebestuurkontrakte met hierdie maatskappye gefinaliseer het nie. Terwyl die onderhoude met diensverskaffers in Mpumalanga en KwaZulu- Natal gevoer is, is verdere telefoniese onderhoude met kundiges op die gebied van dienslewering in Soweto gevoer. Laasgenoemde het saamgestem dat munisipaliteite regoor die land oor die algemeen voor dieselfde uitdagings te staan kom, omdat hulle binne relatief nuwe beleidsraamwerke funksioneer. Daar word egter toegegee dat stedelike (metropolitaanse) munisipaliteite, en spesifiek die stad Johannesburg, ook met sekere unieke uitdagings te kampe het. Die gevolgtrekking waartoe gekom is, is dat die rol van plaaslike regering as die toesighouer oor basiese munisipale dienste nie betwis kan word nie, hoewel oneffektiwiteit en ondoeltreffendheid privaat vennootskappe vereis. ’n Verdere gevolgtrekking is dat niedeelname onder andere ’n gevolg is van ’n gebrek aan deelnemende kapasiteit binne gemeenskappe, apatie, wantroue in munisipale instellings en raadslede, en ’n gebrek aan inligting rakende gemeenskappe se verpligtinge jeens munisipale instellings. Die navorsing beveel aan dat gelyke dienste gelewer word in swart gemeenskappe en in tradisioneel wit gemeenskappe ten einde die siening dat daar onderskeid getref word, te verander. Daar behoort ook ’n hersiening van die munisipaliteit se rekeningestelsel te wees ten einde die skuldinvorderingsprobleme uit die weg te ruim. Deelnemende kapasiteit vir raadslede en gemeenskappe binne wyke moet verbeter word. Duidelike riglyne oor die rol van streeksdienstebestuursentrums moet ontwikkel en aan gemeenskappe oorgedra word. Verdere navorsing word aanbeveel om te bepaal of die privatisering van dienste tot beter toegang vir almal sal lei en of dit doeltreffendheid en betaling sal verbeter. Die funksionaliteit en effektiwiteit van wykskomitees as meganisme vir gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid sowel as die ontwikkeling van nuwe en meer betroubare sosio-ekonomiese modelle vir die bepaling van gemeenskapsvermoë om vir dienste te betaal, behoort ook ondersoek te word.
Klimova, Elena. "Some Non-Local Boundary-Value Problems and their Relationship to Problems for Loaded Equations." EMS Publishing House, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28136.
Full textDieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
AL-AZMI, BADER SHABEEB. "ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT MODELS AND COMPUTATION ALGORITHMS FOR FLOW THROUGH POROUS MEDIA." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1051059625.
Full textMOUMAS, Valérie. "Application des méthodes intégrales pour l'évaluation de la performance des puits horizontaux dans un réservoir stratifié à géométrie quelconque." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004274.
Full textHellmuth, Marc. "Local Prime Factor Decomposition of Approximate Strong Product Graphs." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-38755.
Full textBuclet, Benjamin. "Le marché international de la solidarité : les organisations non gouvernementales en Amazonie Brésilienne." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0113.
Full textIn the Brazilian Amazonia, NGOs (non-governmental organizations) epitomize the social dynamics that characterize the region. They offer a forum for the expression of strong local identities, they are mediators between the population and public authorities and they are the local embodiment of social-ecological international concerns. However, although NGOs propose an alternative model of development and their projects may plant the seeds of innovative forms of social management, they are embedded in a social system that is imbued with traditional forms of domination. The growth of the "third sector" encouraged by government and market forces alike, evokes the question of NGOs' legitimacy, which in the absence of true democratic representation, is essentially based on their capacity to mobilize certain social groups and negoctiate with public authorities. Based on the observation of the modus operandi and fiels acitivies of NGOs in eastern Brazilian Amazonia, this thesis analyzes how their existence influences the handing of current social issues
Moumas, Valérie. "Application des méthodes intégrales pour l'évaluation de la performance des puits horizontaux dans un réservoir stratifié à géométrie quelconque." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1465.
Full textBoundary integral methods make it possible to overcome the scale difference between the size of the reservoir (several kilometers) and the radius of the weIl (less than 15 cm). They have recently been used in petroleum engineering, but they were limited to 2D problems, and the weIl was modelled like a source term. Here we propose a new boundary integral method to evaluate weIl performance in a 3D stratified reservoir with arbitrary geometry. The flow in the weIl is modelled using one of two boundary conditions, the first one linear, the second one non-linear and non-local. We have proved that both models are well-posed, and we have developed a new boundary integr al formulation to treat the linear mode!. Boundary integral equations have been discretized by a Galerkin method, and integrals on the weIl have been reduced to ID integrals, thanks to the scale difference. WeIl productivity index can be calculated by our new method with a precision of 1%
Bettonte, Francesco. "Développement d'une stratégie d'identification des paramètres par recalage de modèle éléments finis à partir de mesures par corrélation d'images : vers l'application à un modèle d'endommagement non local." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM022/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes an identification strategy for plastic behaviour and damage up to the onset of fracture, for an application to ductile metals.A logarithmic finite strain formulation is used to simulate the large deformations undergone by the specimens, while a locking-free non-local formulation allows a mesh independent simulation of the softening behaviour.Digital Image Correlation is used to obtain heterogeneous full-field measurements from tensile tests on notched specimens.The identification strategy is based both on microscopic observations and on a Finite Element Model Updating (FEMU) technique, according to which the parameters are identified by minimizing the discrepancy between experiment and simulation. The discrepancy is quantified both in terms of displacement and force thanks to an appropriate normalization. The application of FEMU is guided using sensitivity analysis.The robustness of the comparison between simulation and measurement is ensured by prescribing measured displacements as boundary conditions for the simulation. The negative effect of the measurement uncertainty is underlined, and an innovative filtering approach is proposed.The proposed strategy is used to identify the materials' parameters of alloy Inconel625. It allows to reproduce the onset of fracture for flat specimens, both in terms of macroscopic response and crack initiation location
Cusimano, Nicole. "Fractional models in space for diffusive processes in heterogeneous media with applications in cell motility and electrical signal propagation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/84092/1/Nicole_Cusimano_Thesis.pdf.
Full textGonzalez, de Frutos Jorge Verfasser], Regine [Akademischer Betreuer] [Willumeit-Römer, and Mikhail [Gutachter] Zheludkevich. "Local surface environment and degradation processes of degradable magnesium biomaterials under simulated physiological conditions / Jorge Gonzalez de Frutos ; Gutachter: Mikhail Zheludkevich ; Betreuer: Regine Willumeit-Römer." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:8-mods-2020-00233-3.
Full textKrstulovic, Marija [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilke, Sakura [Akademischer Betreuer] Pascarelli, Jörg [Gutachter] Erzinger, Sakura [Gutachter] Pascarelli, and Guillaume [Gutachter] Morard. "Local structure of network formers and network modifiers in silicate melts at high pressure and temperature conditions / Marija Krstulovic ; Gutachter: Jörg Erzinger, Sakura Pascarelli, Guillaume Morard ; Max Wilke, Sakura Pascarelli." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516415.
Full textNguyen, Hoang Phuong. "Résultats de compacité et régularité dans un modèle de Ginzburg-Landau non-local issu du micromagnétisme. Lemme de Poincaré et régularité du domaine." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30315.
Full textIn this thesis, we study some boundary value problems involving micromagnetic models and differential forms. In the first part, we consider a nonlocal Ginzburg-Landau model arising in micromagnetics with an imposed Dirichlet boundary condition. The model typically involves S²-valued maps with an energy functional depending on several parameters, which represent physical quantities. A first question concerns the compactness of magnetizations having the energies of several Néel walls of finite length and topo- logical defects when these parameters converge to 0. Our method uses techniques developed for Ginzburg-Landau type problems for the concentration of energy on vortex balls, together with an approximation argument of S²-valued vector fields by S¹-valued vector fields away from the vortex balls. We also carry out in detail the proofs of the C^infinite regularity in the interior and C(^1,alpha) regularity up to the boundary, for all alpha belong to (0, 1/2), of critical points of the model. In the second part, we study the Poincaré lemma, which states that on a simply connected domain every closed form is exact. We prove the Poincaré lemma on a domain with a Dirichlet boundary condition under a natural assumption on the regularity of the domain: a closed form ƒ in the Hölder space C(^r,alpha) is the differential of a C(^r+1,alpha) form, provided that the domain itself is C(^r+1,alpha). The proof is based on a construction by approximation, together with a duality argument. We also establish the corresponding statement in the setting of higher order Sobolev spaces
Ramière, Isabelle. "Méthodes de domaine fictif pour des problèmes elliptiques avec conditions aux limites générales en vue de la simulation numérique d'écoulements diphasiques." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00122916.
Full textL'originalité de ces méthodes consiste à utiliser le maillage du domaine fictif, généralement non adapté à la géométrie du domaine physique, pour définir une frontière immergée approchée sur laquelle seront appliquées les conditions aux limites immergées. Un même schéma numérique générique permet de traiter toutes les conditions aux limites générales. Ainsi, contrairement aux approches classiques de domaine fictif, ces méthodes ne nécessitent ni l'introduction d'un maillage surfacique de la frontière immergée ni la modification locale du schéma numérique. Deux modélisations de la frontière immergée sont étudiées. Dans la première modélisation, appelée interface diffuse, la frontière immergée approchée est l'union des mailles traversées par la frontière originelle. Dans la deuxième modélisation, la frontière immergée est approchée par une interface dite fine s'appuyant sur les faces de cellules du maillage. Des conditions de transmissions algébriques combinant les sauts de la solution et du flux sont introduites sur cette interface fine. Pour ces deux modélisations, le problème fictif à résoudre ainsi que le traitement des conditions aux limites immergées sont détaillés. Un schéma aux éléments finis Q1 est utilisé pour valider numériquement le modèle à interface diffuse alors qu'un nouveau schéma aux volumes finis est développé pour le modèle à interface fine et sauts immergés. Chaque méthode est combinée avec un algorithme de raffinement de maillage multi-niveaux (avec résidu de solution ou du flux) autour de la frontière immergée afin d'améliorer la précision de la solution obtenue.
Parallèlement, une analyse théorique de convergence en maillage non adapté au domaine physique a été effectuée pour une méthode d'éléments finis Q1. Cette étude démontre l'ordre de convergence des méthodes de domaine fictif mises en place.
Parmi les nombreuses applications industrielles possibles, une simulation sur une maquette d'échangeur de chaleur dans les centrales nucléaires permet d'apprécier la performance des méthodes mises en oeuvre.
Ouedraogo, Boureima. "Modélisation du rayonnement acoustique dans les guides traités par des matériaux absorbants à réaction localisée ou non localisée en présence d'écoulement par la méthode des éléments finis." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674031.
Full textde, Laire André. "Quelques problèmes liés à la dynamique des équations de Gross-Pitaevskii et de Landau-Lifshitz." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658356.
Full textHerrich, Markus. "Local Convergence of Newton-type Methods for Nonsmooth Constrained Equations and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-159569.
Full textAguiar, Ademir Alves. "Análise semi-local do método de Gauss-Newton sob uma condição majorante." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4251.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In this dissertation we present a semi-local convergence analysis for the Gauss-Newton method to solve a special class of systems of non-linear equations, under the hypothesis that the derivative of the non-linear operator satisfies a majorant condition. The proofs and conditions of convergence presented in this work are simplified by using a simple majorant condition. Another tool of demonstration that simplifies our study is to identify regions where the iteration of Gauss-Newton is “well-defined”. Moreover, special cases of the general theory are presented as applications.
Nesta dissertação apresentamos uma análise de convergência semi-local do método de Gauss-Newton para resolver uma classe especial de sistemas de equações não-lineares, sob a hipótese que a derivada do operador não-linear satisfaz uma condição majorante. As demonstrações e condições de convergência apresentadas neste trabalho são simplificadas pelo uso de uma simples condição majorante. Outra ferramenta de demonstração que simplifica o nosso estudo é a identificação de regiões onde a iteração de Gauss-Newton está “bem-definida”. Além disso, casos especiais da teoria geral são apresentados como aplicações.
Obeid, Ziad. "Mise au point d'algorithmes pour la détection de dégradations de roulements d'actionneurs synchrones à aimants permanents. Application dans le domaine aéronautique sur des ventilateurs embarqués." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14176/1/obeid_partie_1_sur_2.pdf.
Full textWahbi, Wassim. "Contrôle stochastique sur les réseaux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED072.
Full textThis thesis consists of three parts which deal with quasi linear parabolic PDE on a junction, stochastic diffusion on a junction and stochastic control on a junction with control at the junction point. We begin in the first Chapter by introducing and studying a new class of non degenerate quasi linear parabolic PDE on a junction, satisfying a Neumann (or Kirchoff) non linear and non dynamical condition at the junction point. We prove the existence and the uniqueness of a classical solution. The main motivation of studying this new mathematical object is the analysis of stochastic control problems with control at the junction point, and the characterization of the value function of the problem in terms of Hamilton Jacobi Bellman equations. For this end, in the second Chapter we give a proof of the existence of a diffusion on a junction. The process is characterized by its local time at the junction point, whose quadratic approximation is centrally related to the ellipticty assumption of the second order terms around the junction point.We then provide an It's formula for this process. Thanks to the previous results, in the last Chapter we study a problem of stochastic control on a junction, with control at the junction point. The set of controls is the set of the probability measures (admissible rules) satisfying a martingale problem. We prove the compactness of the admissible rules and the dynamic programming principle
Bürger, Steven, and Bernd Hofmann. "About a deficit in low order convergence rates on the example of autoconvolution." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-130630.
Full textTran, Ngoc Nguyen. "Infeasibility detection and regularization strategies in nonlinear optimization." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0059/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of numerical algorithms for nonlinear optimization. On the one hand, we propose new strategies for the rapid infeasibility detection. On the other hand, we analyze the local behavior of primal-dual algorithms for the solution of singular problems. In the first part, we present a modification of an augmented Lagrangian algorithm for equality constrained optimization. The quadratic convergence of the new algorithm in the infeasible case is theoretically and numerically demonstrated. The second part is dedicated to extending the previous result to the solution of general nonlinear optimization problems with equality and inequality constraints. We propose a modification of a mixed logarithmic barrier-augmented Lagrangian algorithm. The theoretical convergence results and the numerical experiments show the advantage of the new algorithm for the infeasibility detection. In the third part, we study the local behavior of a primal-dual interior point algorithm for bound constrained optimization. The local analysis is done without the standard assumption of the second-order sufficient optimality conditions. These conditions are replaced by a weaker assumption based on a local error bound condition. We propose a regularization technique of the Jacobian matrix of the optimality system. We then demonstrate some boundedness properties of the inverse of these regularized matrices, which allow us to prove the superlinear convergence of our algorithm. The last part is devoted to the local convergence analysis of the primal-dual algorithm used in the first two parts of this thesis. In practice, it has been observed that this algorithm converges rapidly even in the case where the constraints do not satisfy the Mangasarian-Fromovitz constraint qualification. We demonstrate the superlinear and quadratic convergence of this algorithm without any assumption of constraint qualification
Alves, Michele de Oliveira. "Um problema de extensão relacionado a raiz quadrada do Laplaciano com condição de fronteira de Neumann." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45132/tde-19012011-231320/.
Full textIn this work we define the non-local operator, square root of the Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition, using the method of harmonic extension. The study was done with the aid of Fourier series in bounded domains, as the interval, the square and the ball. Subsequently, we apply our study, the nonlinear elliptic problems involving non-local operator square root of the Laplacian with Neumann boundary condition.
Gussmann, Pascal. "The small-deformation limit in elasticity and elastoplasticity in the presence of cracks." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19242.
Full textThe small-deformation limit in presence of a given crack is considered in three distinct continuummechanical models. First, a purely static finite-strain elasticity model is considered in the limit of small loading, where the constraint of global injectivity is shown to converge in the sense of Gamma-convergence to a local constraint of non-interpenetration along the crack. Second, finitestrain deformation plasticity based on the multiplicative decomposition of the strain tensor is shown to Gamma-converge to linearized deformation elastoplasticity with crack conditions. Third, the rate-independent evolution of elastoplasticity is considered with a generalized class of global injectivity constraints for the finite-strain model. On the one hand, neglecting the constraints the evolutionary Gamma-converge to linearized elastoplasticity is proven. On the other hand, a conjecture is made, subject to which the evolutionary Gamma-convergence with constraints still holds.
Lee, Sanghoon Kallivokas Loukas F. "Weakly non-local arbitrarily-shaped absorbing boundary conditions for acoustics and elastodynamics theory and numerical experiments." 2004. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/2069/lees042.pdf.
Full textLee, Sanghoon. "Weakly non-local arbitrarily-shaped absorbing boundary conditions for acoustics and elastodynamics theory and numerical experiments." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2069.
Full textPereira, Helena Catarina de Bastos Marques. "Methods and Instrumentation for Non-Invasive Assessment of the Cardiovascular Condition." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/26497.
Full textAs doenças cardiovasculares (DCVs) são a principal causa de morte a nível mundial e largamente responsáveis pelos custos crescentes nos sistemas de saúde. Nos últimos anos, a comunidade médica tem vindo a demonstrar um grande interesse na avaliação da rigidez arterial local, pressão arterial central e na análise da onda de pressão, devido aos seus valores preditivos no desenvolvimento deste tipo de patologias. Apesar da sua relevância, estes parâmetros hemodinâmicos permanecem particularmente difíceis de medir na prática clínica, já que a maioria dos dispositivos disponíveis exigem elevados conhecimentos técnicos (introduzindo a dependência de um operador), tecnologias dispendiosas ou apresentam abordagens de análise ineficientes. Este trabalho de investigação encontra assim a sua motivação no potencial impacto que instrumentação não-invasiva, exata e de fácil utilização pode ter na monitorização da condição hemodinâmica e no diagnóstico precoce e acompanhamento de DCVs. Neste contexto, uma nova geração de protótipos baseados na combinação de diferentes tipos de sensores eletromecânicos, bem como um conjunto de algoritmos de processamento de sinal adequados à extração de múltiplos parâmetros hemodinâmicos foram desenvolvidos. Dependendo do marcador de risco cardiovascular a ser avaliado, dois grandes grupos de dispositivos foram projetados. O primeiro grupo, focado na avaliação da rigidez arterial local, explorou uma configuração dupla inovadora com dois sensores acústicos ou piezoelétricos (PZs) para a medição da velocidade da onda de pulso (VOP) e outros índices temporais relevantes, num curto segmento da artéria carótida. O outro grupo, centrado na avaliação contínua da pressão arterial sanguínea (PAS) e onda de pressão arterial (OPA), também na artéria carótida, usou uma unidade vibrador-acelerómetro montada num mesmo suporte que permitiu ao acelerómetro detetar as vibrações produzidas, atenuadas e moduladas em amplitude quando em contacto mecânico com a parede do vaso. Os protótipos desenvolvidos foram extensivamente caracterizados em sistemas de bancada de teste, desenvolvidos para este efeito e capazes de reproduzir a variabilidade de uma ampla gama de situações clinicamente relevantes, bem como em condições in vivo. Relativamente à avaliação da rigidez arterial local, a primeira e segunda gerações de protótipos desenvolvidos apresentaram boa exatidão nos ensaios de resolução temporal realizados em tubos elásticos de bancadas de teste. O algoritmo de correlação cruzada exibiu a capacidade de medir VOPs altas (≈ 19 ms-1 e 14 ms-1) com erros relativos e coeficientes de variação inferiores a 10 % para os diferentes protótipos. Os sinais adquiridos provaram ser robustos e repetíveis, não sofrendo efeitos de crosstalk. Os resultados obtidos no estudo de validação pré-clínica em vinte indivíduos saudáveis com a segunda geração de protótipos foram ainda bastante satisfatórios. As VOPs carotídeas médias obtidas apresentaram uma correlação linear e forte entre si, estando os resultados próximos dos valores obtidos noutros estudos de referência. Além disso, a capacidade de reproduzir perfis de onda pressão distintos usando as sondas PZs foi também mostrada, quer utilizando o processo de desconvolução quer um circuito eletrónico integrador dedicado. No que diz respeito à avaliação da PAS e OPA, o processo de desmodulação produziu excelentes resultados na recuperação da morfologia da onda de pressão em condições de bancada de teste e in vivo. Para os dois protótipos desenvolvidos, várias formas de onda foram extraídas, com exatidão, das portadoras moduladas de aceleração, corrente ou potência elétricas, usando os algoritmos de deteção do envelope e do produto. Na bancada de teste foi possível reproduzir a forma de onda de pressão para posições de aplanação do tubo elástico sucessivamente mais elevadas com um erro quadrático médio de 2.4 ± 0.51 %, quando considerado o melhor método de extração. A eficácia de um novo método de calibração focado na utilização de curvas empíricas que convertem aceleração em pressão foi também demonstrado. Através da conservação da amplitude da portadora de aceleração, foi possível determinar os valores de pressão máximo, mínimo, médio e de pulso com erros relativos inferiores a 10 % em condições de bancada. Além disso, as diferenças de pressão entre o último protótipo desenvolvido e o sistema de referência foram, em média, ≤ 5 ± 8 mmHg, satisfazendo os critérios de exatidão de sistemas de medição de PAS clinicamente validados. Embora estudos de validação clínica sejam ainda necessários, os resultados globais obtidos neste trabalho para os dois principais tipos de protótipos dão bons indicadores quanto à sua utilização como alternativas válidas aos sistemas atualmente disponíveis, tanto em ambientes clínico quanto de investigação.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and largely responsible for the ever increasing costs in healthcare systems. In the last few years, the medical community has demonstrated a great interest in local arterial stiffness, central blood pressure assessment and pressure waveform analysis, due to their predictive values in the development of this type of pathologies. Despite their significance, these hemodynamic parameters remain particularly challenging to measure in standard clinical practice since most available devices require high technical expertise (introducing operator dependence), burdensome technologies and/or present ineffective analysis approaches. This research work finds its motivation in the potential impact that non-invasive, accurate and easy-to-use instrumentation could have on the monitoring of hemodynamic condition and on the diagnosis and control of early stages of CVDs. In this context, a new generation of prototypes based on the combination of different types of electromechanical sensors, along with a set of signal processing algorithms suited to the extraction of multiple hemodynamic parameters were developed. Two major groups of devices were designed depending on the cardiovascular risk marker to be assessed. The first group, focused on local arterial stiffness evaluation, explored an innovative double headed probe configuration of acoustic or piezoelectric (PZ) sensors for the measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and other relevant time-based indices, in a short segment of the carotid artery. The other main group, centered on the continuous assessment of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and arterial pressure waveform (APW), also at the carotid artery, used a vibrator-accelerometer unit mounted in a common support that enabled the accelerometer to sense the produced vibrations, attenuated and modulated in amplitude when in mechanical contact with the vessel wall. The developed prototypes were extensively characterized in test bench systems, purposely built and capable of reproducing the variability of a wide range of clinically relevant situations, as well as in in vivo conditions. Regarding local arterial stiffness evaluation, the first and second generations of developed prototypes presented good accuracy in time resolution experiments on elastic tubes at the test bench. Cross-correlation algorithm exhibited the capability of measuring high PWVs (≈ 19 ms-1 and 14 ms-1) with relative errors and coefficients of variation lower than 10 % for the different prototypes. The acquired signals proved to be robust and repeatable, not suffering from crosstalk effect. The results obtained in a pre-clinical validation trial of twenty healthy subjects with the second generation of prototypes were very satisfactory, demonstrating that the mean carotid PWVs obtained were linearly and strongly correlated and were in agreement with other reference studies. Additionally, the ability to reproduce distinct wave pressure profiles using the PZs probes was also shown, either using the demodulation algorithm-based process or a special circuit for electronic integration. Concerning APW and ABP assessment, the demodulation process yielded excellent results in recovering the morphology of pressure wave in test bench and in in vivo conditions. For the two developed prototypes, several waveforms were accurately extracted from the acceleration, current or power modulated carriers using the envelope and product detector algorithms. It was possible to reproduce the pressure waveform for successive higher applanation positions of the elastic tube at the test bench with a root mean square error of 2.4 ± 0.51 %, when considering the best extracting method. The effectiveness of a novel calibration method focused on the use of empirical curves which convert acceleration into pressure was also demonstrated. Through the conservation of the acceleration carrier amplitude, it was possible to determine the maximum, minimum, mean and pulse pressure values with relative errors lower than 10 % in bench conditions. Also, the mean pressure differences between the latest prototype and the reference system were, on average, ≤ 5 ± 8 mmHg, satisfying the accuracy criteria of clinically validated ABP devices. Although clinical validation studies are still required, the global results obtained in this work for the two major types of prototypes provide great prospects regarding their use as valid alternatives to currently available systems, both in clinical and research settings.
Hamouda, Hawa. "Modules maps and Invariant subsets of Banach modules of locally compact groups." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/17598.
Full textHlonipho, Maria Molebogeng. "Absenteeism, an indicator of the health status of school children in the middle schools of the Molopo region in the North-West Province." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16958.
Full textHealth Sciences
M.A. (Nursing Science)
Botchway, Samuel Asare. "Towards people's participation and rural development : the case of Kudumane District." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15602.
Full textDevelopment Studies
M.A. (Development Administration)
Mavalela, Hildah Ramadimetja. "Phela o phedise : a case study of an income-generating project in Moganyaka community." Diss., 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18179.
Full textSocial work
M.A. (SS) (Mental Health)