Academic literature on the topic 'Conditioning and processing electrical signal'

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Journal articles on the topic "Conditioning and processing electrical signal"

1

Rei, Silviu, Dan Chicea, Beriliu Ilie, and Sorin Olaru. "Dynamic Light Scattering Signal Conditioning for Data Processing." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 69, no. 1 (2017): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2017-0016.

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Abstract When performing data acquisition for a Dynamic Light Scattering experiment, one of the most important aspect is the filtering and conditioning of the electrical signal. The signal is amplified first and then fed as input for the analog digital convertor. As a result a digital time series is obtained. The frequency spectrum is computed by the logical unit offering the basis for further Dynamic Light Scattering analysis methods. This paper presents a simple setup that can accomplish the signal conditioning and conversion to a digital time series.
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Zulkiflli, Nur Amira, Kaviarasu Nandaguru, Omar Fahmi Arm, et al. "Electrical Impedance Tomography Signal Conditioning for Lung Imaging Applications." Journal of Human Centered Technology 2, no. 2 (2023): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/humentech.v2n2.58.

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Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) imaging is capable for human lung imaging based on its continuous self-monitoring capabilities, and suitability for daily routines. This paper introduces a simulation work for EIT signal conditioning circuit and its simulated waveform response using Multisim software. EIT circuit simulations consist of several signal processing circuits for the receiving part of the EIT, band pass filter circuit, amplifier, and analog-to-digital circuit. The system produced a unit function signal of 5V from an input 250 kHz sine function via band pass filter, operational amplifier and AC/DC conversion. The waveform pattern result is presented for each processing stage aim to demonstrate the basic work of an EIT circuitry setup.
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3

Payo, Ismael, José L. Polo, Blanca López, et al. "Signal conditioning circuit for gel strain sensors." Smart Materials and Structures 31, no. 1 (2021): 015020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac36e0.

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Abstract Conductive hydrogels are soft materials which have been used by some researchers as resistive strain sensors in the last years. The electrical resistance change, when the sensor is stretched or compressed, is usually measured by the two-electrode method. This method is not always suitable to measure the electrical resistance of polymers-based materials, like hydrogels, because it could be highly influenced by the electrode/sample interface, as explained in this study. For this reason, a signal conditioning circuit, based on four-electrode impedance measurements, is proposed to measure the electrical resistance change when the gel is stretched or compressed. Experimental results show that the tested gels can be used as resistance force/pressure sensors with a quite linear behaviour.
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Celka, Patrick, Rolf Vetter, Philippe Renevey, et al. "Wearable biosensing: signal processing and communication architectures issues." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 4 (December 30, 2005): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2005.4.340.

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Long-term monitoring of human vital signs is becoming one of the most important fields of research of biomedical engineering. In order to achieve weeks to months of monitoring, new strategies for sensing, conditioning, processing and communication have to be developed. Several strategies are emerging and show different possible architectures. This paper essentially focuses on issues in wearable biosignal processing and communication architecture currently running at the Swiss Center for Electronics andMicrotechnology (CSEM) in the framework of several European projects.
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Allén, Markus, Jaakko Marttila, and Mikko Valkama. "Modeling and mitigation of nonlinear distortion in wideband A/D converters for cognitive radio receivers." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 2, no. 2 (2010): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078710000292.

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This article discusses the reduction of nonlinearities in analog-to-digital (A/D) converters using digital signal processing (DSP). Also modeling of certain essential nonlinearities is considered in detail. The main focus is on wideband radio receivers, such as the emerging cognitive radio applications, where a collection of signals at different frequency channels is converted to digital domain as a whole. Therefore, the overall dynamic range can easily be in the order of tens of dBs and thus even mild nonlinear distortion can cause strong carriers to block weaker signal bands. In this article, a mathematical model for clipping distortion due to improper input signal conditioning is derived through Fourier analysis. Additionally, stemming from the analysis an adaptive DSP-based post-processing method for reducing the effects of clipping and integral nonlinearity (INL) in A/D converters is presented with illustrative examples using both computer simulations and laboratory radio signal measurements.
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6

Riches, S. T., C. Johnston, M. Sousa, and P. Grant. "High Temperature Endurance of Packaged SOI Devices for Signal Conditioning and Processing Applications." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, HITEN (2011): 000251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/hiten-paper8-sriches.

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Silicon on Insulator (SOI) device technology is fulfilling a niche requirement for electronics that functions satisfactorily at operating temperatures of >200°C. Most of the reliability data on the high temperature endurance of the devices is generated on the device itself with little attention being paid to the packaging technology around the device. Similarly, most of the reliability data generated on high temperature packaging technologies uses testpieces rather than real devices, which restricts any conclusions on long term electrical performance. This paper presents results of high temperature endurance studies on SOI devices combined with high temperature packaging technologies relevant to signal conditioning and processing functions for sensors in down-well and aero-engine applications. The endurance studies have been carried out for up to 7,056 hours at 250°C, with functioning devices being tested periodically at room temperature, 125°C and 250°C. Different die attach and wire bond options have been included in the study and the performance of multiplexers, transistors, bandgap voltage, oscillators and voltage regulators functional blocks have been characterised. This work formed part of the UPTEMP project which was set-up with support from UK Technology Strategy Board and the EPSRC. The project brought together a consortium of end-users (Sondex Wireline and Vibro-Meter UK), electronic module manufacturers (GE Aviation Systems Newmarket) and material suppliers (Gwent Electronic Materials and Thermastrate Ltd) with Oxford University-Materials Department, the leading UK high temperature electronics research centre.
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7

Wu, Chenning, Martin Hutton, and Manuchehr Soleimani. "Smart Water Meter Using Electrical Resistance Tomography." Sensors 19, no. 14 (2019): 3043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19143043.

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Smart flow monitoring is critical for sewer system management. Obstructions and restrictions to flow in discharge pipes are common and costly. We propose the use of electrical resistance tomography modality for the task of smart wastewater metering. This paper presents the electronics hardware design and bespoke signal processing to create an embedded sensor for measuring flow rates and flow properties, such as constituent materials in sewage or grey water discharge pipes of diameters larger than 250 mm. The dedicated analogue signal conditioning module, zero-cross switching scheme, and real-time operating system enable the system to perform low-cost serial measurements while still providing the capability of real-time capturing. The system performance was evaluated via both stationary and dynamic experiments. A data acquisition speed of 14 frames per second (fps) was achieved with an overall signal to noise ratio of at least 59.54 dB. The smallest sample size reported was 0.04% of the domain size in stationary tests, illustrating good resolution. Movements have been successfully captured in dynamic tests, with a clear definition being achieved of objects in each reconstructed image, as well as a fine overall visualization of movement.
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8

de Faria, Gabriella Maria, Eugênia Gonzales Lopes, Eleonora Tobaldini, et al. "Advances in Non-Invasive Neuromodulation: Designing Closed-Loop Devices for Respiratory-Controlled Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation." Healthcare 12, no. 1 (2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12010031.

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Studies suggest non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) as a potential therapeutic option for various pathological conditions, such as epilepsy and depression. Exhalation-controlled taVNS, which synchronizes stimulation with internal body rhythms, holds promise for enhanced neuromodulation, but there is no closed-loop system in the literature capable of performing such integration in real time. In this context, the objective was to develop real-time signal processing techniques and an integrated closed-loop device with sensors to acquire physiological data. After a conditioning stage, the signal is processed and delivers synchronized electrical stimulation during the patient’s expiratory phase. Additional modules were designed for processing, software-controlled selectors, remote and autonomous operation, improved analysis, and graphical visualization. The signal processing method effectively extracted respiratory cycles and successfully attenuated signal noise. Heart rate variability was assessed in real time, using linear statistical evaluation. The prototype feedback stimulator device was physically constructed. Respiratory peak detection achieved an accuracy of 90%, and the real-time processing resulted in a small delay of up to 150 ms in the detection of the expiratory phase. Thus, preliminary results show promising accuracy, indicating the need for additional tests to optimize real-time processing and the application of the prototype in clinical studies.
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9

Chen, Xiyuan, Loic Maxwell, Franklin Li, et al. "Design and Integration of a Wireless Stretchable Multimodal Sensor Network in a Composite Wing." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092528.

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This article presents the development of a stretchable sensor network with high signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy for real-time distributed sensing and remote monitoring. The described sensor network was designed as an island-and-serpentine type network comprising a grid of sensor “islands” connected by interconnecting “serpentines.” A novel high-yield manufacturing process was developed to fabricate networks on recyclable 4-inch wafers at a low cost. The resulting stretched sensor network has 17 distributed and functionalized sensing nodes with low tolerance and high resolution. The sensor network includes Piezoelectric (PZT), Strain Gauge (SG), and Resistive Temperature Detector (RTD) sensors. The design and development of a flexible frame with signal conditioning, data acquisition, and wireless data transmission electronics for the stretchable sensor network are also presented. The primary purpose of the frame subsystem is to convert sensor signals into meaningful data, which are displayed in real-time for an end-user to view and analyze. The challenges and demonstrated successes in developing this new system are demonstrated, including (a) developing separate signal conditioning circuitry and components for all three sensor types (b) enabling simultaneous sampling for PZT sensors for impact detection and (c) configuration of firmware/software for correct system operation. The network was expanded with an in-house developed automated stretch machine to expand it to cover the desired area. The released and stretched network was laminated into an aerospace composite wing with edge-mount electronics for signal conditioning, processing, power, and wireless communication.
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10

Nathan, Arokia. "Microsensors for physical signals: Principles, device design, and fabrication technologies." Canadian Journal of Physics 74, S1 (1996): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-844.

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Microsensors are miniaturized devices, fabricated using silicon-based and related technologies, that convert input physical and chemical signals into an output electrical signal. The key driving force in microsensor research has been the integrated circuit (IC) and micromachining technologies. The latter, in particular, is fueling tremendous activity in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). In terms of technology and design tools, MEMS is at a stage where microelectronics was 30 years ago and is expected to evolve at an equally rapid pace. The synergy between the IC, micromachining, and integrated photonics technologies can potentially spawn a new generation of microsystems that will feature a unique marriage of microsensor, signal-conditioning and -processing circuitry, micromechanics, and optomechanics possibly on a single chip. In this paper, the physical transduction principles, materials considerations, process-fabrication technologies, and computer-aided-design (CAD) tools will be reviewed along with pertinent examples drawn from our microsensor research activity at the Microelectronics Laboratory, University of Waterloo.
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