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Journal articles on the topic 'Condensation products'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Sawada, Tadanobu, Hiroyuki Ishii, Toyotoshi Ueda, Satoshi Iwashima, Zeper Abliz, Minoru Takekawa, and Junji Aoki. "GLYCEROL CONDENSATION PRODUCTS OF AMINOANTHRAQUINONES." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 26, no. 2 (May 2006): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406630600642410.

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2

Jensen, Hans Peter. "Condensation products of formylcamphor with diamines." Tetrahedron 41, no. 14 (January 1985): 2867–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)96606-2.

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3

Colligon, John S. "Energetic condensation: Processes, properties, and products." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 13, no. 3 (May 1995): 1649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.579746.

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4

Cherepanov, I. S. "Thermal and IR-Fourier transform spectroscopic study of water-soluble carbohydrate-arylamine condensation products in neutral media." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 81, no. 3 (December 20, 2019): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2019-3-213-216.

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Production of synthetic analogues of natural compounds, including high-molecular ones, as well as study of processes of their structure formation, is a pressing task of organic substances technology. To a large extent, this applies to synthetic humic substances, important products characterized by plant growth effect, chelating and other important properties. Simple carbohydrates and aromatic amines as oxygen and nitrogen-containing constituents during condensation in ethanol media produce water-fractionated products, the soluble fractions of which are studied herein by thermal degradation in combination with IR-Fourier transform spectroscopy. Spectral band profile is confirmed mainly by aliphatic structure with high degree of functionalization by carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups. As the isolated water-soluble solid products are thermally decomposed in the range of 100-180 °С temperatures in an inert atmosphere, the intensity of bands at 1030 and 1090 cm-1 decreases, and the intensity of the first band drops to almost zero at 180 °С. This experimental fact indicates the progress of thermal dehydration processes, indicating the presence of hydroxyl functions in the structure of the products. The latter are both OH-groups of carbohydrate residue and groups, formed during condensation processes. Additionally, the intensity of the absorption band in the region of 1600 cm-1 corresponding to the fluctuations of double bonds resulting from dehydration is increased. It can be assumed that unlike products of insoluble fractions, as well as products of acid-catalyzed condensations, water-soluble products are formed in neutral ethanol media, the main processes of formation of which are processes of direct retro-aldol cleavage of N-glycosylamines with subsequent condensation of decomposition products. Such a set of processes is an alternative to the experimental difficulty of Amadori rearrangement and lead to formation of products structure differ from one for acid catalyzed condensation products.

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5

Fairhurst, Magnus, Muhammad Zeeshan, Bengt Haug, and Annette Bayer. "Aldol Condensations on a 3-Alkylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine: Synthesis of Two Marine Natural Products." Synlett 29, no. 10 (January 30, 2018): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1591755.

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The synthesis of two marine natural products containing a 3-alkylidene-6-arylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine scaffold by employing two consecutive aldol condensations starting with 1,4-diacetyl-2,5-diketopiperazine is reported. The target compounds contain a phenol or an imidazole group as aryl substituents, respectively, and suitable conditions for the aldol condensation of 1-acyl-3-alkylidene-2,5-diketopiperazine with the required functionalised aromatic aldehydes were developed. Provided the optimal base was used, introduction of the phenol group did not require use of a protecting group. Boc-protection was beneficial for introduction of the imidazole group, and conditions for carrying out the aldol condensation and Boc-deprotection in one step were identified. The stereochemistry of the target compounds was confirmed by NMR analysis.

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6

Witzig, Reto M., and Christof Sparr. "Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted Biaryls by Small-Molecule-Catalyzed Noncanonical Polyketide Cyclizations." Synlett 31, no. 01 (October 22, 2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690215.

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The arene-forming aldol condensation is a fundamental reaction in the biosynthesis of aromatic polyketides. Precisely controlled by the polyketide synthases, the highly reactive poly-β-carbonyl substrates are diverged into numerous aromatic natural products by selective cyclization reactions; a fascinating biosynthetic strategy that sparked our interest to investigate atroposelective aldol condensations. In this Account, we contextualize and highlight the ability of small-molecule catalysts to selectively convert noncanonical hexacarbonyl substrates in a double arene-forming aldol condensation resulting in the atroposelective synthesis of tetra-ortho-3,3′-substituted biaryls. The hexacarbonyl substrates were obtained by a fourfold ozonolysis enabling a late-stage introduction of all carbonyl functions in one step. Secondary amine catalysts capable of forming an extended hydrogen-bonding network triggered the noncanonical polyketide cyclization in order to form valuable biaryls in high yields and with stereocontrol of up to 98:2 er.1 Biosynthesis of Aromatic Polyketides2 Rotationally Restricted Aromatic Polyketides3 3,3′-Substituted Binaphthalenes in Catalysis4 Stereoselective Synthesis of Atropisomers5 Synthesis of Enantioenriched Tetra-ortho-3,3′-Substituted Biaryls by the Atroposelective Arene-Forming Aldol Condensation6 Conclusion

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7

Nakamura, Y., A. Uchida, S. Ohshima, I. Oonishi, and S. Fujisawa. "Photooxygenation of the Condensation Products of Naphthanthrone." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 14, no. 1-4 (December 1999): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406639908019132.

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8

GUPTA, G., and S. BANERJEE. "ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of Stobbe Condensation Products." ChemInform 23, no. 25 (August 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199225136.

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9

Metlushka, K. E., D. N. Sadkova, K. A. Nikitina, Z. R. Yamaleeva, K. A. Ivshin, O. N. Kataeva, and V. A. Alfonsov. "Condensation products of Betti base and pyridinecarboxaldehydes." Russian Chemical Bulletin 67, no. 12 (December 2018): 2271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-018-2369-z.

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10

Buvaylo, Elena A., Vladimir N. Kokozay, Nataliia Yu Strutynska, Olga Yu Vassilyeva, and Brian W. Skelton. "Formaldehyde–aminoguanidine condensation and aminoguanidine self-condensation products: syntheses, crystal structures and characterization." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 74, no. 2 (January 12, 2018): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229617018514.

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Guanidine is the functional group on the side chain of arginine, one of the fundamental building blocks of life. In recent years, a number of compounds based on the aminoguanidine (AG) moiety have been described as presenting high anticancer activities. The product of condensation between two molecules of AG and one molecule of formaldehyde was isolated in the protonated form as the dinitrate salt (systematic name: 2,8-diamino-1,3,4,6,7,9-hexaazanona-1,8-diene-1,9-diium dinitrate), C3H14N8 2+·2NO3 −, (I). The cation lacks crystallographically imposed symmetry and comprises two terminal planar guanidinium groups, which share an N—C—N unit. Each cation in (I) builds 14 N—H...O hydrogen bonds and is separated from adjacent cations by seven nitrate anions. The AG self-condensation reaction in the presence of copper(II) chloride and chloride anions led to the formation of the organic–inorganic hybrid 1,2-bis(diaminomethylidene)hydrazine-1,2-diium tetrachloridocuprate(II), (C2H10N6)[CuCl4], (II). Its asymmetric unit is composed of half a diprotonated 1,2-bis(diaminomethylidene)hydrazine-1,2-diium dication and half a tetrachloridocuprate(II) dianion, with the CuII atom situated on a twofold rotation axis. The planar guanidinium fragments in (II) have their planes twisted by approximately 77.64 (5)° with respect to each other. The tetrahedral [CuCl4]2− anion is severely distorted and its pronounced `planarity' must originate from its involvement in multiple N—H...Cl hydrogen bonds. It was reported that [CuCl4]2− anions, with a trans-Cl—Cu—Cl angle (Θ) of ∼140°, are yellow–green at room temperature, with the colour shifting to a deeper green as Θ increases and toward orange as Θ decreases. Brown salt (II), with a Θ value of 142.059 (8)°, does not fit the trend, which emphasizes the need to take other structural factors into consideration. In the crystal of salt (II), layers of cations and anions alternate along the b axis, with the minimum Cu...Cu distance being 7.5408 (3) Å inside a layer. The structures of salts (I) and (II) were substantiated via spectroscopic data. The endothermic reaction involved in the thermal decomposition of (I) requires additional oxygen. The title salts may be useful for the screening of new substances with biological activity.

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11

Bomhard, E. "Acute Toxicologic Evaluation of Acetone Diphenylamine Condensation Products." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 15, no. 1_suppl (November 1996): S80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10915818960150s152.

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12

Hamdi, M., R. Sakellariou, and V. Spéziale. "NEW CONDENSATION PRODUCTS OF DIAMINES WITH 3-UREIDOMETHYLENECOUMARIN." Organic Preparations and Procedures International 27, no. 4 (August 1995): 487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304949509458483.

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13

Joshi, Medha, Smita Jauhari, and K. R. Desai. "Studies on heterocyclic polyurea–epoxy resin condensation products." Research on Chemical Intermediates 38, no. 1 (July 8, 2011): 269–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11164-011-0346-3.

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14

Szilágyi, Lászlo, Zoltán Györgydeák, and Helmut Duddeck. "Aldose-aminoguanidine condensation products: syntheses and n.m.r. studies." Carbohydrate Research 158 (December 1986): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(86)84006-x.

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15

Kayser, Margaret M., Krista L. Hatt, and Donald L. Hooper. "Mechanism of Wittig reaction with cyclic anhydrides." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1985–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v92-249.

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The reactions of stabilized phosphoranes with cyclic anhydrides give enol-lactones as final products. The initial condensation, however, leads to the formation of acyclic adducts that are observable by NMR, can be easily trapped, and, in some cases, can be isolated. A study of the mechanism of these condensations by NMR spectroscopic methods and by various trapping experiments is described and the reaction pathway is proposed.

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16

Quintanilla, Asunción, Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta, Cristina Figueruelo, Macarena Munoz, and Jose A. Casas. "Condensation By-Products in Wet Peroxide Oxidation: Fouling or Catalytic Promotion? Part I. Evidences of an Autocatalytic Process." Catalysts 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9060516.

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The present work is aimed at the understanding of the condensation by-products role in wet peroxide oxidation processes. This study has been carried out in absence of catalyst to isolate the (positive or negative) effect of the condensation by-products on the kinetics of the process, and in presence of oxygen, to enhance the oxidation performance. This process was denoted as oxygen-assisted wet peroxide oxidation (WPO-O2) and was applied to the treatment of phenol. First, the influence of the reaction operating conditions (i.e., temperature, pH0, initial phenol concentration, H2O2 dose and O2 pressure) was evaluated. The initial phenol concentration and, overall, the H2O2 dose, were identified as the most critical variables for the formation of condensation by-products and thus, for the oxidation performance. Afterwards, a flow reactor packed with inert quartz beads was used to facilitate the deposition of such species and thus, to evaluate their impact on the kinetics of the process. It was found that as the quartz beads were covered by condensation by-products along reaction, the disappearance rates of phenol, total organic carbon (TOC) and H2O2 were increased. Consequently, an autocatalytic kinetic model, accounting for the catalytic role of the condensation by products, provides a well description of wet peroxide oxidation performance.

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17

Rosenau, T., A. Potthast, A. Hofinger, H. Sixta, and P. Kosma. "Hydrolytic Processes and Condensation Reactions in the Cellulose Solvent System N,N-Dimethylacetamide/Lithium Chloride. Part 1." Holzforschung 55, no. 6 (November 6, 2001): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2001.107.

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Summary Refluxing of cellulose samples in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc, 1), or in DMAc containing low concentrations of LiCl, is a common protocol to facilitate dissolution of the cellulose for GPC measurements. The formation of chromophoric condensation products, whose structures have been elucidated for the first time, and of secondary chromophores by reaction with carbohydrate structures has been demonstrated. DMAc containing traces of water is slowly hydrolyzed to dimethylammonium acetate (2) under reflux conditions. The reaction is accelerated in the presence of lithium chloride. In contrast, absolute DMAc produces five different condensation products upon thermal treatment, which were isolated by non-traditional column chromatography approach. The primary condensation product N,N-dimethylacetoacetamide (3) is formed as the major component and acts as the precursor to the other chromophore products, namely dehydroacetic acid and isodehydroacetic acid derivatives. Compound 3 is able to form furan derivatives by reaction with reducing end groups or carbonyls in carbohydrate structures as demonstrated by reactions with model compounds. As a consequence, it must be concluded that heating/refluxing in DMAc or DMAc/LiCl generates a number of potent chromophores from the solvent and, furthermore, can chemically alter pulp samples by introducing reactive structures.

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18

Sondhi, Sham, Gurudas Bhattacharjee, Rafid Jameel, Rakesh Shukla, Ram Raghubir, Olivier Lozach, and Laurent Meijer. "Antiinflammatory, analgesic and kinase inhibition activities of some acridine derivatives." Open Chemistry 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2004): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02476181.

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Abstract9-Chloro-2,4-(un)substituted acridines (1) on condensation with sulpha- diazine, sulphathiazole, and sulphaacetamide gave condensation products 3a-h. 3-Aryl-4-phenyl-2-imino-4-thiazolines (4) on condensation with 9-chloro-2,4-(un)substituted acridines (1) gave condensation products 5a–5o. Both 3a–3h and 5a–5o were purified by crystallization or by chromatography. Structures assigned to 3a–3h and 5a–5o are supported by correct spectral data. Antiinflammatory and analgesic activity screening of 3a, 3e, 3f and 5a–5c, 5e, 5g, 5i, 5m, 5n were carried out using carrageenin induced paw oedema and phenyl quinone writhing assay. Some of the compounds exhibited interesting antiinflammatory or analgesic activities.

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19

Ershov, Andrei Yu, Igor V. Lagoda, Stanislav I. Yakimovich, Lyudmila Yu Kuleshova, Marina Yu Vasileva, Irina S. Korovina, and Valery V. Shamanin. "Structure of Aldoses Condensation Products with SH-Containing Hydrazides." OALib 03, no. 05 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102646.

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20

Manolov, Ilia I. "Aldehyde condensation products of 4-hydroxycoumarin and Schiff bases." Tetrahedron Letters 39, no. 19 (May 1998): 3041–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(98)00351-7.

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21

Fernandez, J. M., M. Villalón, and P. Verdugo. "Reversible condensation of mast cell secretory products in vitro." Biophysical Journal 59, no. 5 (May 1991): 1022–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(91)82317-7.

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22

Saucier, Cédric, Celito Guerra, Isabelle Pianet, Michel Laguerre, and Yves Glories. "(+)-Catechin—acetaldehyde condensation products in relation to wine-ageing." Phytochemistry 46, no. 2 (September 1997): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(97)00268-9.

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23

Lewis, Patrick T., Claude J. Davis, Larry A. Cabell, Ming He, Mark W. Read, Matthew E. McCarroll, and Robert M. Strongin. "Visual Sensing of Saccharides Promoted by Resorcinol Condensation Products." Organic Letters 2, no. 5 (March 2000): 589–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol9903990.

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24

McDougall, Gordon J., Sandra Gordon, Rex Brennan, and Derek Stewart. "Anthocyanin−Flavanol Condensation Products from Black Currant (Ribes nigrumL.)." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53, no. 20 (October 2005): 7878–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0512095.

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25

Renner, Alfred, and Jacques-Alain Cotting. "Novel epoxy resins based on cyclohexanone-aldehyde condensation products." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39, no. 4 (February 20, 1990): 789–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070390403.

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26

Malai, V. I., I. V. Ozhogin, B. S. Lukyanov, E. L. Mukhanov, M. B. Lukyanova, N. I. Makarova, and I. A. Rostovtseva. "Novel Spirocyclic Condensation Products of Gossypol and Fischer’s Bases." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 54, no. 6 (November 2018): 1081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-018-2560-3.

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27

Fujimaki, Yasuto, Akira Suga, Minoru Takekawa, Shigeru Ohshima, and Yohko Sakamoto. "CONDENSATION PRODUCTS OF 7H-BENZO[DE]NAPHTHACENE-7-ONE." Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 24, no. 4-5 (January 2004): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10406630490468333.

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28

Nagabhushana, Kyatanahalli S., Farouk Ameer, and Ivan R. Green. "CONDENSATION PRODUCTS BETWEEN CAPROALDEHYDE AND 2-HYDROXY-1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE." Synthetic Communications 31, no. 5 (January 2001): 719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/scc-100103261.

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29

DeRosa, T. F., E. M. Pearce, and M. Charton. "Linear free energy relationships among substituted phenol condensation products." Macromolecules 18, no. 11 (November 1985): 2277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00153a038.

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30

Medjitov, Djavat R., Lidija G. Shode, and Genrich M. Tseitlin. "Composition of condensation products of bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin." Polymer Bulletin 40, no. 4-5 (April 16, 1998): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050284.

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31

Liu, Chenglin, and Franco Basile. "Intermolecular condensation products formed during the pyrolysis of peptides." Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 92, no. 1 (September 2011): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2011.05.011.

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32

Motato, E., and C. J. Radcliffe. "Port condensation of Volterra transfer functions with cross-products." Nonlinear Dynamics 79, no. 1 (October 18, 2014): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-014-1688-3.

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33

Musich, Pavel, Lubov Shilyaeva, Larisa Kurina, Alexander Vosmerikov, and Natalia Kosova. "Activity and Deactivation of ZSM–5 Catalysts in the Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from CO and H₂ and Methanol Dehydration." Key Engineering Materials 683 (February 2016): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.683.406.

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The increasing demand for producing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas explains the renewed interest in studying the activity and stability of catalysts. In the present work, resource catalytic testing of ZSM-5 zeolites was carried out in the one-step synthesis of dimethyl ether from synthesis gas for 120 hours. Formation of condensation products was observed on zeolite surface after catalytic tests which leads to lower catalytic activity of samples. Condensation products were investigated by thermal analysis in an oxidizing atmosphere. Textural characteristics of zeolites before and after reaction were investigated. It was shown that methanol significantly contribute to formation of condensation products on the catalyst surface in the process of dimethyl ether production.

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34

Rajeswar Rao, Vedula, Vedula M. Sharma, and Tadepally V. Padmanabha Rao. "Synthesis of Some New Type of Naphthothiazole Triazoles from Lawsone." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 5 (1993): 1191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19931191.

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A series of 3-aryl naphto[2',3':4,5]thiazolo[3,2-b-1,2,4-triazolo-5,10-diones (V) have been prepared by the condensation of bromo lawsone (I) with 5-mercapto-3-substituted 1,2,4-triazole (II) followed by cyclization of the resulting uncyclized products (IV) with alkohol and sulfuric acid. The products are identical with the condensation products of 2,3-dichloro naphthoquinone (III) with 5-mercapto-3-substituted 1,2,4-triazoles in the presence of anhydrous alcohol containing fused sodium acetate.

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35

Shevchenko, V. P., L. A. Andreeva, I. Yu Nagaev, and N. F. Myasoedov. "Peptide derivatives of some physiologically active substances." Доклады Академии наук 487, no. 1 (July 19, 2019): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5652487141-44.

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The synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs was carried out. It was shown that these condensations proceed with side reactions, which could be minimized by optimizing the conditions for the synthesis. The most universal approach to the synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs is condensation of Boc-Gly-Pro or Boc-Gly-[2H]Pro with amino groups of dopamine, serotonin and doxorubicin. It was found that for the introduction of hydrogen isotopes in ΔPro, it is advisable to hydrogenate its aqueous solution, followed by condensation of the reduced proline with Boc-GlyOSu. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of isotopomers in deuterated products.

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36

AKIMOVA, T. I., S. V. KOSENKO, and M. N. TILICHENKO. "ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of Aldehydes and Ketones. Part 25. Condensation Products of 2-Dimethylaminomethylcyclohexanone with Cyclopentanone." ChemInform 23, no. 36 (August 21, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199236073.

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37

Green, James R., Babajide I. Alo, Marek Majewski, and Victor Snieckus. "γ-Silylated α,β-unsaturated amides — Preparation by [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement and use as masked dienolate equivalents in carbonyl condensations." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 6 (June 2009): 745–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v09-054.

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The reaction of lithium dienolates derived from N,N-dialkylsenecioamides (1a–1c) with triorganosilyl electrophiles occurs initially at the oxygen atom predominantly, and is followed by an O → C silicon migration to afford the γ-silylated senecioamides (4a–4h). The γ-silylated senecioamide Z-4a undergoes fluoride-ion-mediated condensations with aromatic aldehydes to give kinetic α-(6) and thermodynamic γ-(5) condensation product patterns comparable to lithium dienolates. The TiCl4-mediated reactions with aldehydes gives α-products (6) in a highly syn-selective manner. Possible transition-state models for the syn-selective condensations are discussed and a chair-like transition state featuring bidentate coordination to titanium (11) is proposed.

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38

Oleary, TK, and RW Read. "Synthesis of Sugar-Derived Nitrogen Heterocycles." Australian Journal of Chemistry 49, no. 3 (1996): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9960285.

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The synthesis of nitrogen heterocycles through condensation of stereoisomeric butane-1,2,3,4-tetramines with aldehydes, and their structure elucidation through spectroscopic methods are described. Significant differences in the products from each of the amines were observed due to differences in the relative stereochemistry of the amines. Molecular mechanics energy calculations when carried out on all possible products from the condensation of both the threo and erythro tetramines with acetaldehyde revealed minimum energy structures that were consistent with those found experimentally. The products were therefore probably the result of thermodynamic control.

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39

Magaril, E. R., R. Z. Magaril, and L. V. Trushkova. "INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF PYROLYSIS." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 6 (December 30, 2015): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2015-6-61-68.

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It is shown that pyrolysis process selectivity for ethylene can be increased at decreasing the condensation products output and suppressing the formation of pyrocarbon by adding 2 % hydrogen mass to the raw material. It is also proved that increasing the pyrolysis process efficiency is possible when propane fraction containing propadiene is recirculated into the pyrolysis raw material, which accelerates the process at low temperatures and suppresses the output of condensation products.

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40

Quintanilla, Asunción, Jose L. Diaz de Tuesta, Cristina Figueruelo, Macarena Munoz, and Jose A. Casas. "Condensation By-Products in Wet Peroxide Oxidation: Fouling or Catalytic Promotion? Part II: Activity, Nature and Stability." Catalysts 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9060518.

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The deposition of condensation by-products onto the catalyst surface upon wet peroxide and wet air oxidation processes has usually been associated with catalyst deactivation. However, in Part I of this paper, it was demonstrated that these carbonaceous deposits actually act as catalytic promoters in the oxygen-assisted wet peroxide oxidation (WPO-O2) of phenol. Herein, the intrinsic activity, nature and stability of these species have been investigated. To achieve this goal, an up-flow fixed bed reactor packed with porous Al2O3 spheres was used to facilitate the deposition of the condensation by-products formed in the liquid phase. It was demonstrated that the condensation by-products catalyzed the decomposition of H2O2 and a higher amount of these species leads to a higher degree of oxidation degree The reaction rates, conversion values and intermediates’ distribution were analyzed. The characterization of the carbonaceous deposits on the Al2O3 spheres showed a significant amount of condensation by-products (~6 wt.%) after 650 h of time on stream. They are of aromatic nature and present oxygen functional groups consisting of quinones, phenols, aldehydes, carboxylics and ketones. The initial phenol concentration and H2O2 dose were found to be crucial variables for the generation and consumption of such species, respectively.

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41

Charlton, M. Anne, and James R. Green. "Formation of quaternary centres via iron allyl cations. Rapid entry into spirocyclic ring systems." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 75, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-116.

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Ester-substituted allyltetracarbonyliron cations react with cycloalkylidene-type silyl enol ethers, silyl ketene acetals, and β-keto-esters to give 1,6-dicarbonyl compounds containing a newly formed quaternary centre. Selected condensation products are converted by enolate chemistry into spirocyclic [4.4], [4.5], and [4.6] systems. Acyloin and other reductive cyclization reactions are employed to convert the condensation products into spirocyclic [4.5], [5.5], and [5.6] systems. Keywords: allyliron complexes, umpolung synthesis, 1,6-dicarbonyls, spirocycle synthesis.

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42

Patel, Hasmukh S., and Amel M. Naji. "Studies on Methylolated Cyclohexanone-Formaldehyde Resin–Epoxy Resin Condensation Products." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 49, no. 11 (September 9, 2010): 1121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2010.496394.

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43

Ershov, A. Yu, I. V. Lagoda, S. I. Yakimovich, I. V. Zerova, V. V. Pakal’nis, M. V. Mokeev, and V. V. Shamanin. "Structure of products of aldoses condensation with thioglycolic acid hydrazide." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 45, no. 5 (May 2009): 740–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428009050169.

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44

Alekseev, V. V., A. Yu Ershov, B. V. Chernitsa, V. A. Doroshenko, I. V. Lagoda, S. I. Yakimovich, I. V. Zerova, V. V. Pakal’nis, and V. V. Shamanin. "Structure of aldose condensation products with 2-hydroxyand 2-sulfanylbenzohydrazides." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 46, no. 6 (June 2010): 860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428010060138.

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45

ALI, Norizan, Yoshimitsu UEMURA, Hafizah AHMAD AFIF, Noridah B. OSMAN, Wissam N. OMAR, Bawadi ABDULLAH, and Toshio TSUTSUI. "Effect of Operating Conditions and Fractional Condensation on Pyrolytic Products." Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy 92, no. 10 (2013): 1014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.92.1014.

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46

Thomson, G. H. "Resinous condensation products from humic acids and glycols or diamines." Journal of Applied Chemistry 2, no. 10 (May 4, 2007): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010021008.

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47

TEREGULOVA, G. T., L. Z. ROL'NIK, S. S. ZLOTSKII, and D. L. RAKHMANKULOV. "ChemInform Abstract: Products in the Condensation of Glycerol with Aldehydes." ChemInform 23, no. 14 (August 22, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199214228.

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HAMDI, M., R. SAKELLARIOU, and V. SPEZIALE. "ChemInform Abstract: New Condensation Products of Diamines with 3-Ureidomethylenecoumarin." ChemInform 26, no. 44 (August 17, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199544145.

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49

Abreu, Ingo, Neil C. Da Costa, Alfred van Es, Jung-A. Kim, Uma Parasar, and Mauricio L. Poulsen. "Natural Occurrence of Aldol Condensation Products in Valencia Orange Oil." Journal of Food Science 82, no. 12 (November 2, 2017): 2805–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.13948.

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50

CHO, Hidetsura, Takashi IWASHITA, Mikiko HAMAGUCHI, and Yoshiaki OYAMA. "Stereochemistry of Knoevenagel Condensation Products from Cyanoacetates and Aromatic Aldehydes." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 39, no. 12 (1991): 3341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.39.3341.

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