Journal articles on the topic 'Concrete construction'
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Hubáček, Adam, and Rudolf Hela. "Concrete with High Content of Fly Ash Intended for Constructions with Long Durability." Solid State Phenomena 249 (April 2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.249.21.
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The article deals with theme of high fly ash content concretes intended for long life constructions. Considering the still growing consumption of fly ash in construction concretes it is a live theme in the Czech Republic and abroad as well. The emphasis will be laid namely on characteristics and requirements for fresh concrete intended for construction of these specific concrete constructions. They are for instance waterproof constructions, tunnel linings, concretes for bridge and road constructions etc. Also the hardened concrete properties like compressive strength, resistance to pressure water, durability and further necessary parameters for obtainment of required properties of these concretes will be monitored.
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Pani, Luisa, Lorena Francesconi, James Rombi, Fausto Mistretta, Mauro Sassu, and Flavio Stochino. "Effect of Parent Concrete on the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 9399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229399.
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Recycling concrete construction waste is a promising way towards sustainable construction. Indeed, replacing natural aggregates with recycled aggregates obtained from concrete waste lowers the environmental impact of concrete constructions and improves natural resource conservation. This paper reports on an experimental study on mechanical and durability properties of concretes casted with recycled aggregates obtained from two different parent concretes, belonging to two structural elements of the old Cagliari stadium. The effects of parent concretes on coarse recycled aggregates and on new structural concretes produced with different replacement percentages of these recycled aggregates are investigated. Mechanical properties (compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and splitting tensile strength) and durability properties (water absorption, freeze thaw, and chloride penetration resistance) are experimentally evaluated and analyzed as fundamental features to assess structural concrete behavior. The results show that the mechanical performance of recycled concrete is not related to the parent concrete characteristics. Furthermore, the resistance to pressured water penetration is not reduced by the presence of recycled aggregates, and instead, it happens for the chloride penetration resistance. The resistance to frost–thawing seems not related to the recycled aggregates replacement percentage, while an influence of the parent concrete has been assessed.
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Kieslich, Hubertus, and Klaus Holschemacher. "Composite Constructions of Timber and High-Performance Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 1171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.1171.
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Currently Timber-Concrete Composite (TCC) Constructions are often applied for strengthening existing timber beam slabs. The load bearing capacity of the composite construction is primarily affected by the material properties of the timber beam and the concrete slab. But the type of bond between both parts is also of high importance. The concrete slab has to perform several tasks, not only in load carrying direction of the ceiling but also perpendicular to the direction of span or for stiffening the whole building. These tasks will be pointed out in this paper. Furthermore the working process (easy workable mixture and exchange of conventional reinforcement) and the dead load of the construction are of particular interest in the field of redevelopment. Several innovative concretes have been verified for the use in TCC constructions. Regarding their fresh and hardened concrete properties, they all can be described as High Performance Concretes (HPC). In this paper Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), Structural Lightweight Concrete (SLWC), High Strength Concrete (HSC) or combinations of them will be focused. Especially the advantages but also the disadvantages of innovative concretes for the use in TCC will be presented as well as the results of some experimental investigations.
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Kurpińska, Marzena, Beata Grzyl, and Adam Kristowski. "A Study on Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Elements Properties Based on the Case of Habitat Modules in the Underwater Sills." Polish Maritime Research 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2020-0015.
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AbstractHydrotechnical constructions are mostly objects functioning in extreme conditions and requiring a custom-made construction project. In the case of using prefabricated elements, it is required to develop production, transport, assembly, conservation and repair technology. Concerning the problem of concrete cracks, modern repair systems allow positive effects to be achieved in many cases of concrete elements repair. In this work an attempt has been made to assess the properties of concrete, situated in the Baltic Sea environment, in which traditional rebar was partly replaced by dispersed fibre-phase. Fibre-reinforced concrete belongs to the group of composite materials. The presence of fibres helps to increase the tensile strength, flexural strength and resilience and also prevents the appearance of cracks. In the given paper we will also discuss basic parameters of steel and polymer fibres and the influence of both types of fibres on the maturing and hardened concrete. In this work special attention has been paid to the advantages of polypropylene and polymer fibres with regard to commonly-known steel fibres. The use of synthetic fibres will be advantageous in constructions where the reduction of shrinkage cracks and high resilience are essential. On top of that, the use of synthetic fibres is highly recommended when constructing objects that will be exposed to the impact of an aggressive environment. Undoubtedly, polymer fibres are resistant to the majority of corrosive environments. Fibre-reinforced concretes are a frequently implemented construction solution. The possibility of concrete modification allows the emergence of new construction materials with improved physical-mechanical properties, under the condition of being applied relevantly.
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Koroleva, O. I., V. S. Orlov, and P. A. Shustov. "Improving concrete quality for transport construction." Journal «Izvestiya vuzov Investitsiyi Stroyitelstvo Nedvizhimost» 13, no. 3 (October 17, 2023): 492–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2023-3-492-500.
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The creation of a transport network with high performance characteristics of the roadbed is an urgent task in the field of road construction. Foreign practice in the construction and operation of such facilities indicates the need for research studies aimed at obtaining an optimal concrete stone structure by optimizing the concrete composition (controlling the concrete mixture properties at the microlevel) and using state-of-the-art complex additives. The technological properties of concrete mixture and concrete were studied in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documentation using verified equipment. The compressive strength of concrete was determined using an MS2000 testing machine (with a measuring range of up to 2000 kN and a loading error of no more than 1%). The abrasion level was estimated by the loss of the sample mass during operation of an LKI-3 device (abrasion disc). The mass water absorption was determined by variations in the sample mass during water saturation. The article presents the physical and mechanical characteristics of heavy concrete (strength, abrasion, water absorption) obtained using TechniFlow-61, TechniFlow-178 PRO, and PowerFlow-3100 additives. The results indicate the positive effect of the above additives, which can be used to decrease the water-cement ratio for obtaining concrete mixtures of a given mobility, produce concretes of a denser structure, and reduce the number of open pores. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of new-generation additives with plasticizing and water-reducing agents for improving the technological properties of concrete mixtures, as well as the physical and mechanical characteristics of the resultant concretes.
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Kazaryan, Ryben R., and Vitaly A. Khvan. "Technological Processes for Manufacturing Cellular Concrete Products for Construction." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.634.
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Cellular concrete occupies one of the leading places in world practice of a high-rise construction as the constructional heat-insulating material used in case of construction and reconstruction of buildings and constructions of different purpose. In this artificial stone construction material pores (air cells with diameter 0.1-3.0mm) are distributed rather regularly and occupy from 20 to 90% of amount of concrete, providing high heatphysical qualities (coefficient of heat conductivity of 0.07-0.2 W/ms) that allows cellular concrete houses to keep heat well. Excessive (reserve) porosity of cellular concrete provides its frost resistance (compensates expansion of water when freezing and the formed ice without material destruction). Vapor permeability of cellular concrete provides fast removal of technological moisture from material and maintenance of normal moisture conditions in rooms, and rather high air permeability promotes preserving in rooms of fresh air. Significant growth in production the cellular concrete of products is caused by use of rather simple technologies allowing (due to change of degree of porosity and properties of interstitial material) to receive cellular concrete for thermal insulation or sound insulation, to make wall constructional heat-insulating products with a density 250-1200 kg/ m3 and strength of a 1-25 MPa.
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Kastornykh, Lubov, Mikhail Kholodnyak, Igor Osipchuk, and Alexander Kaklyugin. "Modified Concrete Mixes for Monolithic Construction." Materials Science Forum 1043 (August 18, 2021): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1043.81.
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The effect of the multifunctional supplement Linamix PCX and mineral fillers of microsilica and expanded clay dust on the characteristics of concrete mixtures pumped by concrete pumps is investigated. The evaluation of highly mobile and self-compacting concrete mixtures’ properties was carried out according to pumpability criteria that simulate the elastic-viscous structured system flow. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the hardened concrete were determined using standard and generally accepted methods. The ability of the modified concrete to resist tensile stresses was determined by the crack resistance coefficient. The water-reducing efficiency of the superplasticizer was evaluated by the specific consumption of cement per unit of concrete strength. The performed studies have established that the polyfunctional superplasticizer Linamix PCX is an effective modifier of concrete mixtures, rheologically compatible with cements of various material composition. A significant effect of the fine aggregate grain size composition on the properties of highly mobile concrete mixtures and the formation of the hardened concrete structure has been revealed. Evaluation of the modified concretes’ strength characteristics showed that it is rational to use the mixtures with Linamix superplasticizer PCX and microsilica, providing high strength concrete with a minimum specific consumption of cement for concreting massive monolithic structures in order to slow down heat generation during concrete hardening.
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Jain, Abhishek. "Polymer Concrete: Future of Construction Industry." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/nov2013/64.
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Mahmood, Hersh F., Hooshang Dabbagh, and Azad A. Mohammed. "Fresh, Mechanical, and Durability Properties of Concrete Contains Natural Material as an Admixture, an Overview." Journal of Studies in Science and Engineering 2, no. 3 (September 18, 2022): 66–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53898/josse2022235.
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Nowadays, the performance criteria for concrete construction are moving toward eco-efficiency, which is a method of producing highly durable and environmentally friendly concrete while minimizing both manufacturing costs and environmental load. Admixtures are commonly used in all concrete construction; however, some of them are harmful to human health and cause leaching, which is responsible for environmental pollution. On this principle, one of the eco-efficiency method's techniques is to use natural materials as additives in concrete. The paper continues to discuss the experi-mental data generated at the author's laboratory as part of exploratory work on the use of natural materials and their impact on the properties of cement, mortars, and concretes in terms of improving fresh, mechanical, and durability properties of concrete , The paper concludes that the observed impacts of using these natural material additions on the properties of mortar and concrete will motivate greater research in these areas, thereby improving the sustainability of concrete constructions.
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Žiogas, Vigantas Antanas, Svajūnas Juočiūnas, and Giedrius Žiogas. "HYDROTECHNICAL CONCRETE WITH LOCAL AGGREGATES AND THEM USING FOR MONOLITHIC STRUCTURES." Engineering Structures and Technologies 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2009.13.
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The article discusses the technological peculiarities of construction monolithic hydrotechnical concrete structures, use of local aggregates for producing special concretes, methods of determining water impermeability of concretes as well as the evaluation of the methods mentioned above. The article presents the requirements for the granulometric composition of aggregate mixes for the production of flowing concrete mixes used for the construction of monolithic hydrotechnical structures. The possibilities and expediency of using local crushed gravel with increased amounts of weak particles for hydrotechnical structures are discussed. The mass loss of weak particles is slight compared with the whole mass of aggregates, and the total mass loss of crushed gravel it occurs due to micro-cracks present in particles. The frost resistance mark of crushed gravel and its suitability for hydrotechnical concretes should be determined by evaluating the amount of weak particles and their frost resistance. The article discusses concrete impermeability data received by means of two methods (according to LSTST 1974:2005 and LSTST EN 12390–8 requirements). Theoretical water penetration depths have been calculated. Determination of water impermeability according to LSTST 1974:2005 is recommended for C25/30 and lower compressive strength class concretes with W≤8. The LSTST EN 12390–8 water impermeability determina-tion method is recommended for C25/30 and higher compressive strength class concretes whose water impermea-bility mark is W≥8. For the construction of certain hydrotechnical structures water impermeable concretes whose water penetration depth should not exceed 20mm are recommended for use instead of the W6 and W8 concretes. Technological peculiarities and potential technological-organizational solutions for high walls of a water treatment plant have been discussed. The analysis of potential concreting methods of the reservoir’s high walls has been made as well as that of the key parameters of the continuous concreting process and their interaction. Dependences for the estimation of continuous concreting volumes and permissible concreted segment lengths have been proposed by evaluating the beginning of the intensive formation structure of concrete, number of layers in the height of the concreted wall and concreting intensity.
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Kropidłowska, Oliwia. "Application of sawdust concrete in construction." Budownictwo i Architektura 21, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 005–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2927.
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Sawdust concrete is a type of lightweight concrete in which some of the mineral aggregate is replaced by sawdust - a by-product of wood processing. It is not a new material, but its potential is not utilised to its full degree. Taking into account the most important advantages of sawdust concrete - lower density and greater thermal and acoustic insulation than ordinary concrete - it is worth to consider the possibilities of its usage in construction wider than currently . In order to present the properties of sawdust concrete, the review of contemporary technical literature has been performed.
For the production of sawdust concretes mineralized sawdust from various types of trees, ordinary cements, mineral aggregates and water, are used. The usage of additives and admixtures is also allowed. The properties of the finished sawdust concrete are mainly influenced by the proportion of its components, especially the amount of fine aggregates replaced by sawdust. The construction products made of sawdust concrete are characterized by a low coefficient of thermal conductivity λ and soundproofing properties. In bending tests, a simply supported sawdust concrete beam behaves similar to a regular concrete beam, cracks first appear in the tension zone. Tensile strength, compressive strength and Young's modulus of sawdust concrete products depend on the proportion of components and the method of sawdust preparation before applying in the sawdust concrete-mix. Compared to ordinary concrete, the obtained values for sawdust concrete are lower, but partially fall within the ranges for the lower classes of ordinary concrete.
There are several possible applications of sawdust concrete in construction. One of the perspectives is to use it to build walls in buildings that require soundproofing between rooms, or to replace wood with it when renovating old buildings. However, further tests of sawdust concrete are needed in terms of the most favourable composition for its mechanical properties, and to define the standards according to which sawdust concrete elements should be produced.
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Hamzeh, Farook, Omar Abdul Ghani, Mohammad Bassel Saleh Bacha, and Yara Abbas. "Modular concrete construction." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 935–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2014-0148.
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Purpose This study evaluates the enablers and barriers for modular concrete construction in Lebanon. The purpose of this paper is to investigate various factors (time, cost, technical know-how, organizational, sustainability, etc.) and their influence on the choice of the construction method. The paper examines the different assessments of designers, manufacturers, and contractors regarding precast construction in comparison to traditional in-situ methods, and highlights the major differences in their views. Design/methodology/approach Structured face-to-face surveys were conducted with top management personnel of precast manufacturers, architectural and engineering firms, and contracting companies in Lebanon. In addition, a case study from the largest precast project in Lebanon was used to provide a deeper understanding of factors encouraging the use of precast concrete, and to highlight major onsite issues associated with its implementation. Findings On the one hand, the findings highlight technical, logistical, organizational, and cultural factors that inhibit the use of precast concrete as a construction method. On the other hand, results reveal that cost, time, sustainability, and flexibility factors are the main enablers for increasing the uptake of modular concrete construction. Originality/value The main contribution to knowledge is that this study presents different stakeholders’ perspectives on precast concrete construction. Moreover, this is the first research addressing precast concrete construction in the Middle East and Lebanon. The results of the study provide valuable global insights and recommendations that may help increase the uptake of precast concrete construction. They can also guide project stakeholders to properly match project characteristics and precast concrete as a construction method.
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Lydon, Frank D. "Concrete construction handbook." Construction and Building Materials 8, no. 1 (January 1994): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(94)90013-2.
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Kharchenko, Alexey I., Igor Ya Kharchenko, Vyacheslav A. Alekseev, and Sofia I. Bazhenova. "Application of expanding cements for sprayed concrete in tunnel construction." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2019): 1438–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.11.1438-1448.
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Introduction. The paper substantiates the actuality of the problem connected with obtaining efficient fine concretes possessing enhanced crack resistance, tightness, and duration for tunnel construction. This aim is pursued with the application of expansive cements (EC).
Materials and methods. Various types of expansive agents were used in composition binders. Portland cement PTs 500 D0 was taken as the basic Portland cement. Studying hydration and structure formation processes during hardening of the ECs and EC-based concretes was executed utilizing a system of physicochemical methods. Assessment of construction and technical properties of the fine concretes based on composition binders was accomplished using standard research methods.
Results. Analysis results are given for the effect of type and amount of the expansive agents on strength and volume deformation values of the concretes used in tunnel installation construction. Improvement of physical, mechanical, and technological properties and performance of sprayed concrete is shown. A general mechanism of influence of expansive additives (EA) on fine concrete properties is established. A classification of expansive cements for solving various tasks in tunnel installation construction is suggested.
Conclusions. EA application efficiency is theoretically substantiated and experimentally proved for the case when the EA is used as an active agent in the composition binder for sprayed concrete in tunnel construction. General enhancement of technical indicators of concrete mixture and concretes is determined. EA classification is suggested for the different extent of hydrated EA expansion and various construction tasks. Replacement of standard Portland cement for an EC for underground structures concrete used in tunnel construction provides a significant increase in their maintainability.
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Wu, Li-Ming, Zi-Jian Wang, Yong-Zai Chang, Feng Gao, Bin Zhang, Yi Wu, and Han-Xiu Fan. "Vibration Performance of Steel Fiber Concrete Tunnel Lining by Adjacent Tunnel Blasting Construction." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (March 26, 2023): 4201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074201.
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When constructing tunnels in mountainous areas, the drilling and blasting method is the most commonly used because of its economy. Ordinary reinforced concrete itself has defects such as poor crack resistance and brittleness. Therefore, when using the drilling and blasting method for ordinary reinforced concrete double-line tunnels, vibration phenomena will occur and cause cracks in the first-line tunnels, which will have adverse effects on the durability and safety of the tunnel. As a response, scholars have proposed the use of steel fiber-reinforced concrete as tunnel lining. In this paper, the LS-DYNA software is used to establish three models of plain concrete, ordinary concrete, and steel fiber-reinforced concrete, and numerical analysis is conducted with different amounts of explosives. The results show that the steel fiber-reinforced concrete tunnel lining has better performance than the other two concretes in tunnel construction.
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Tran, Vu An, Le Anh Tuan Bui, Duc-Cuong Nguyen, and Hoang Anh Nguyen. "Effect of fiber type on performance of fiber reinforced concrete applied for hydraulic construction." CTU Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development 16, Special issue: ICCEE (May 9, 2024): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22144/ctujoisd.2024.281.
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This study aims at evaluating effect of fiber types on comprehensive property of a practical fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) applied for hydraulic construction. Three fiber types including polypropylene, glass, and steel fiber were used to replace concrete volume at 0.3 vol.%. Experimental results illustrated that when compared with the reference concrete, the fiber reinforced concretes with steel or glass fiber had comparable or slight changes on the fresh properties. But, addition of polypropylene fiber induced the fresh FRC with decreased slump flow and significantly increased air entrained volume. Although using various types of fibers led to unbeneficial effect on the compressive strengths of the FRCs, presence of fiber induced the FRCs with significant enhancements on the flexural strength, drying shrinkage, and water absorption and slightly increased UPV at 28 days. In this study, steel fiber was considered as the best choice for improving the mechanical properties of the hardened concrete while, as the volume stability and durability performance of the concrete were primarily considered, polypropylene seemed to be a preferable selection. According to standardized requirements, all concrete proportions were in classification of M40(28)-M45(28), being assigned to concretes suitably applied for widespread on-site hydraulic constructions.
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Hoffmann Sampaio, Carlos, Bogdan G. Cazacliu, Weslei Monteiro Ambrós, Márcio André Kronbauer, Rejane MC Tubino, Denise CC Dal Molin, Josep Oliva, Gérson L. Miltzarek, Regis P. Waskow, and Viviane LG dos Santos. "Demolished concretes recycling by the use of pneumatic jigs." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 38, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20902835.
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Large quantities of construction and demolition waste is generated annually around the world. Part of this material is processed in recycling plants. After removing metals, fines and lights, the construction and demolition waste is crushed and sized and can be used as aggregates for low resistance concrete, for road sub-base, city landfill and other low value-added applications. For their use as coarse aggregate in structural concretes, construction and demolition waste must exhibit high densities and regularity of the material. This material usually is presented in demolished concretes. About 20% of the particles from demolished concretes can be used as coarse aggregates substituting part of natural aggregates in structural concretes. This article presents studies of demolished concretes recycling by the use of a pneumatic jig. All jigging tests were carried out with three different concretes produced in three strength classes: C16/20, ordinary concrete; C50/60, high strength concrete; and C70/85, very high strength concrete. Based on density distribution of the three concretes, there are reasonable masses with densities over 2.7 g cm−3, particle density considered appropriate to the used as coarse aggregate for structural concretes. The concretes present different mass recoveries of the denser particles (different liberation). Coarse aggregates can be recovered with reasonable masses by the use of air jigs: About 65% for high strength concretes and about 75% for the low strength concrete. The jigging concentration efficiency depends on the concrete liberation, density and size distribution.
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Patil, Shrikant T., and Dr A. R. Kolhe. "Smart Dynamic Concrete-Rapid Economical Sustainable Construction." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/56896.
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Sasaki, S., Y. Uno, S. Hashimoto, and S. Date. "Productivity Improvement of the Concrete Construction Work." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 2016): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v6.894.
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Sasaki, S., Y. Uno, S. Hashimoto, and S. Date. "Productivity Improvement of the Concrete Construction Work." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 2016): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v8.894.
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Wang, Gui Ling, Ming Lei Ma, Dong Mei Miao, and Hong Juan Ma. "Pump Ability of Concrete Mixture Improvement Based on Rich Mortar Theory Testing Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.704.
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Ready-mixed concrete has gained more and more popularity in the construction projects in China. Long distance or high dislocation pump of concrete mixture is difficult to control the concrete quality , even more worse, the concrete may become drier or stocked during the pumping. How to improve the concretes pump ability is a major concern of the construction company. With the development of civil engineering, the building get much more higher and the bridge get much more longer, the pump ability of concrete matters the final product quality of the structure. This article proposed a comprehensive research on pump-ability of concrete mixture from the in field experiences by CCEED (China Construction Eighth Engineering Division).
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Abdollahnejad, Zahra, Mohammad Mastali, Mahroo Falah, Tero Luukkonen, Mehran Mazari, and Mirja Illikainen. "Construction and Demolition Waste as Recycled Aggregates in Alkali-Activated Concretes." Materials 12, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 4016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12234016.
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The growth of global construction has contributed to an inevitable increase in the amount of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, and the recycling of C&D waste as aggregates in concrete is receiving increased interest, resulting in less demand for normal aggregates and bringing a potential solution for the landfilling of wastes. Recently, several studies have focused on the use of C&D waste in alkali-activated concrete to move one step closer to sustainable concretes. This paper focuses on the main mechanisms of using C&D waste in the resulting physical, mechanical, and durability properties of alkali-activated concrete in fresh and hardened state properties. The main difficulties observed with recycled aggregates (RA) in concrete, such as high levels of water demand, porous structure, and low mechanical strength, occur in RA alkali-activated concretes. These are associated with the highly porous nature and defects of RA. However, the high calcium concentration of RA affects the binder gel products, accelerates the hardening rate of the concrete, and reduces the flowability of alkali-activated concretes. For this reason, several techniques have been investigated for modifying the water content and workability of the fresh matrix and for treating RA and RA/alkali-activated binder interactions to produce more sustainable alkali-activated concretes.
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Azizan, M. A., N. Z. Noriman, N. Ishak, and H. Desa. "Application Of Hybrid Fibre Concrete As Advanced Material For Concrete Water Tank Construction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 920, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/920/1/012012.
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Abstract The challenge of construction and the complexity of civil engineering systems, especially in the construction of water tanks, are catching people’s attention around the world. Concrete, which is a priority feature and a mandatory used material, must have a very high strength and an acceptable degree of workability and properties. Efforts are being made in the field of concrete production to create and expand these mixtures of unusual characteristics and behaviors. The used of the hybrid fibre concrete in the concrete wall can reduce the costing factor in terms of constructions and maintenances beside that the quality assurance is highlighted. In addition, the sustainability in the water tank construction in Malaysia can be achieved using the advanced material in the construction.
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Falliano, Devid, Salvatore Quattrocchi, Dario De Domenico, Giuseppe Ricciardi, and Ernesto Gugliandolo. "Critical assessment of CO2 emission of different concretes: foamed, lightweight aggregate, recycled and ordinary concrete." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 33 (March 3, 2022): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2022.33.0153.
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Construction materials contribute to about 75% of the CO2 emission of all the construction processes. Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials and is thus primarily responsible for CO2 emission. In particular, 8 − 9% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission are produced by concrete. CO2 emissions can be considerably reduced in the construction phase through a careful selection of materials with low environmental impact or through specific admixtures. In this study, different concretes are taken into consideration, including foamed concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete, recycled concrete and ordinary concrete. A series of mix designs of these four classes of concrete, characterized by a comparable mechanical strength or a comparable density, are taken from the relevant literature and compared to one another in terms of CO2 emission. Some guidelines or possible research lines aimed at reducing CO2 emission are finally outlined in this contribution.
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Fiskov, Anton A., Igor A. Magola, Alexander A. Ditts, Natalia A. Mitina, and Sergey E. Vinokurov. "Impact of Temperature and Radiation Factors on Special Concretes Used for NPP Construction." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 4 (April 3, 2023): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7040134.
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The core catcher is arranged in an unattended, unventilated sub-reactor space. It is designed to receive molten corium in emergencies, and thus the concrete used in the core catcher must be resistant to high temperatures without significant loss of strength. During nuclear power plant (NPP) operation, these concretes are subjected to considerable radiation exposure, which may also affect their physical–chemical properties. Concrete mixes based on Portland cement and alumina cement with iron and corundum aggregate were investigated. Model samples of concrete were subjected to temperature exposure in the temperature range of 100 to 1000 °C and to radiation exposure in the field of mixed and neutron irradiation in the reactor cell at a load of at least 1 × 107 Gy. Concrete heating over 200 °C leads to a decrease in strength characteristics from 25.1 MPa to 2.6 MPa in Portland cement-based concretes and from 40 MPa to 12 MPa in alumina cement-based concretes. The decrease in concrete strength at high temperatures is due to dehydration of hardening phases, polymorphic transitions of aggregate and chemical interaction between concrete components. Radiation exposure of Portland cement-based concrete samples leads to an increase in their strength. Alumina cement-based concretes are less resistant to radiation exposure, and their strength decreases as a result of radiation exposure-induced processes.
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Latinović, Luka, Aleksandar Banjac, and Nemanja Stojić. "The utilization of demolition waste in the manufacturing process of polymer concretes." Serbian Journal of Engineering Management 8, no. 2 (2023): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjem2302020l.
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The proportion of waste generated by demolition activities is substantial. Furthermore, there is a minuscule fraction of this waste that undergoes the process of recycling. With the exception of steel, the majority of materials, such as crushed concrete, are typically disposed of in wild landfills, a common problem in Serbia. Simultaneously, it is noteworthy that conventional concretes, extensively utilized in the construction sector, exhibit several shortcomings. The implementation of breakthrough technologies in the field of chemistry has the potential to significantly transform the approaches to permanent disposal of construction waste while also broadening the scope of potential applications for waste materials. This paper presents a comprehensive literature analysis to offer a novel perspective on the feasibility of utilising demolition waste in the manufacturing process of polymer concretes, a highly promising materials for underground constructions. This is due to its chemical composition and ability to provide effective waterproofing. The findings of this study suggest that demolition waste possesses significant potential as a viable raw material for the manufacturing of polymer concrete. However, it is evident that further advancements in recycling technology are necessary to enhance the cost competitiveness of polymer concrete derived from demolition waste in comparison to conventional concrete.
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USTABAŞ, İlker. "Use of Weight Maturity Method for Building Concretes Used in Artvin Yusufeli Dam Construction." Journal of Cement Based Composites 1, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.36937/cebacom.2020.001.001.
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The aim of this study is to compare the compressive strength determined by weight maturity method in dam concretes with compressive strength obtained from fresh concrete and core samples. Within the scope of the study, normal concretes of C25/30 strength class were produced. Samples were taken from ø15x30 cm cylinder molds from normal concrete mixtures having maximum aggregate grain diameter (Dmax) of 25 mm.In this study, the estimated compressive strengths were measured by using a maturity device and the compressive strengths obtained from samples taken from fresh concrete and core samples taken from hardened concrete were measured at close values. In this context, instead of taking samples from fresh concrete and concrete productions, it was concluded that the pressure resistance measurements made by using a maturity device in fresh concrete are reliable.
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Li, Qing Ning, Huang Huang, and Wei Shan Jiang. "Joint Construction of Assembled Integrally Floor." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.775.
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This article expounds the floor ends and sides joint constructions of prestressed concrete floor and prestressed concrete hollow floor with added surface，as well as prestressed concrete hollow floor without added surface，and the comparation are available。Finally，some new construction methods are raised based on improving the seismic performance of integrally assembled prestressed concrete floor。
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García del Toro, Eva M., Daniel Alcala-Gonzalez, María Isabel Más-López, Sara García-Salgado, and Santiago Pindado. "Use of Ecofriendly Glass Powder Concrete in Construction of Wind Farms." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 3050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073050.
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Silicon is the main element in the composition of glass and it has been seen that it can be used as a partial replacement for cement in the manufacture of concrete. Different dosages of glass powder and cement were applied to manufacture the concrete mixes. Initially, the characteristics of fresh concrete were studied, such as consistency, air content, apparent density and workability. Secondly, compressive strength tests were performed on the different concrete mixtures produced. The consistency tests allowed us to classify these concretes within the group of fluids. The air content of these concretes increased with the rate of substitution of cement by glass powder, resulting in lighter concretes. Density tests showed that this parameter decreased as the rate of substitution of cement increased. A coefficient k has been calculated for the substitution of glass powder by cement in the binder, using the Bolomey formula. Also, a mathematical model has been proposed to further analyze the experimental data. Major contributions of this work were to study the possible application of this concrete in different dispersions as a surface protection layer against the action of corrosion, in wind turbine foundations as well as the stabilization of the wind farm roads.
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Gu, Chun Ping, Wei Sun, Li Ping Guo, and Qian Nan Wang. "Ultrahigh Performance Concrete: A Potential Material for Sustainable Marine Construction in View of the Service Life." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.108.
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Ultrahigh performance concretes (UHPC) are promising materials for the next generation infrastructures due to their superior mechanical properties and durability. In this paper, comparison studies were conducted to show the potential of UHPC for sustainable constructions in chloride environments in view of service life. For reinforced concrete, the service life was calculated with analytical solution of Ficks second law on diffusion. And for reinforced concrete with nonlinear initial chloride profiles and depth-dependent chloride diffusion coefficient, a numerical method based on the Crank-Nicholson numerical scheme was adopted to predict the service life. The results show that the reinforced concrete structures constructed and repaired with UHPC have much longer service life than that of normal concrete (NC) and high performance concrete (HPC). It hence needs less cost for maintenance and reconstruction, which fulfills the requirements of sustainable construction.
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Bazhenov, Yu M., S.-A. Yu Murtazaev, D. K.-S. Bataev, A. H. Alaskhanov, T. S. A. Murtazaeva, and M. S. Saydumov. "High-strength concretes based on anthropogenic raw materials for earthquake resistant high-rise construction." Engineering Solid Mechanics 9, no. 3 (2021): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2021.1.004.
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This work is devoted to development of optimum recipes of high-strength concretes based on filled binders with fine-milled anthropogenic mineral filler intended for earthquake resistant high-rise monolithic construction. The optimum recipes of concretes in this work have been developed on the basis of computations and experimental designing of cast concrete mixes with chemical additives and anthropogenic mineral fillers, as well as destructive inspection methods as the most precise for analysis of physicomechanical and deformation properties of concrete. The following raw materials have been used for production of high-strength concretes: natural quartz sands with the fineness modulus F.M. = 1.7-1.8; crushed limestone with the particles sizes of 5-20 mm; water reducing chemical additives and hardening retarder to control specifications of concrete mixes; plain Portland cement, grade PTs 500 D0; anthropogenic mineral additives (fillers) in the form of crushed concrete and ceramic bricks. Optimum recipes of monolithic concretes have been designed using anthropogenic raw materials including normal concrete grades with compressive strength of M30-M40 and high-strength concrete grades of M50-M80, characterized by high homogeneity of cement stone with significantly finer pores and lower shrinkage. Herewith, it has been established that fine-milled anthropogenic mineral filler in the form of crushed concrete and ceramic bricks at the ratio of 70:30, respectively, efficiently influences specifications of concrete mixes on their basis significantly increasing resistance of the mix against sedimentation and water gain. It has been established that the developed high-strength concretes based on filled binders with fine-milled anthropogenic mineral filler are characterized by high freeze–thaw resistance (from F400 to F600) and water tightness (W14 and higher), which is a solid base providing high lifecycle of such concretes.
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Pulyaev, I., and S. Pulyaev. "Experience of Using Self-Compacting Concrete Mixes in Transport Construction." Materials Science Forum 992 (May 2020): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.992.135.
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The creation of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is associated with the introduction of plasticizing additives based on polycarboxylate esters (PCE). The first patent for a group of substances proposed for use as superplasticizers for concrete, was declared in the early 80-ies of the last century in Japan. In the mid 90-ies superplasticizers based on esters of polycarboxylates began to be used in Europe. In Russia, the use of self-compacting concrete began much later, and in bridge and tunnel construction almost a few years ago. Currently, in the European Union, 70-80% of reinforced concrete structures are made or erected from self-compacting concrete mixtures, and concrete is commonly called self-compacting. In Russia, such concretes are sometimes called self-leveling. The volume of their use is still small.
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Davidyuk, Artem, and Igor Rumyantsev. "Quality control of high-performance concrete in high-rise construction during operation." MATEC Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817001035.
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With onset of the XXI century, the demand for construction of high-rise buildings with the load-bearing framework made of high-performance cast-in-situ concrete has increased many-fold in the construction sector. Specific features of the high-performance concrete of bearing structures in the situation of real operation of high-rise buildings are continuously studied by scientists and specialists all over the world, and regulatory and methodological documents are being complemented and adjusted. High-performance concretes and structures made of them possess some specific features that should be taken into account in quality control. The methods of concrete inspection and concrete strength evaluation described in GOST 18105 “Concretes. Guidelines on Testing and Evaluation of Strength” and GOST 22690 “Concretes. Evaluation of Strength by Mechanic Non-Destructive Test Methods” were written when precast reinforced concrete was predominantly used in the construction sector and were limited to the functions of intra-factory quality control of reinforced concrete products. At present, instruments for non-destructive testing using indirect methods are usually calibrated with the help of local destructions, as a rule, a pull out or rib shear test. The said methods are in fact indirect since they indicate the force of destruction of the surface layer of a structure.
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Bayat, Hydayatullah, Andrzej Ubysz, Marek Maj, Marek Chalecki, Jarosław Wójt, and Ashot Tamrazyan. "Experimental Research of Ratio between Residual and Elastic Strains εres/εE in High-Strength Concrete Beams Subjected to Bending." Materials 14, no. 20 (October 12, 2021): 6007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206007.
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In the mechanics of concrete constructions, one distinguishes between residual and elastic strains. Cyclic loadings evoke changes mainly in the elastic strains; however, the total strains are decided by the sum of the residual and elastic strains. The knowledge of the ratio between the residual and total strains allows to predict the total deformations of a construction assuming it is made from an ideally elastic material. This paper presents the effect of the load level at the values of the residual strains for beams made of high-strength concretes and subjected to bending. The investigations showed that the share of residual strains for these concretes differed from the share of residual strains for concretes of lower classes. The investigations were made for cyclically loaded concrete samples and ferroconcrete beams for various relative load levels. The ratio between the residual and total strains was presented in the form of a dependence on the relative load level of the element. An important conclusion was that, after the crack formation, the share of residual stresses reduced, along with the increase in the concrete strength and elastic features of the construction which started to predominate.
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Pešta, Jan, Tereza Pavlů, Kristina Fořtová, and Vladimír Kočí. "Sustainable Masonry Made from Recycled Aggregates: LCA Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 20, 2020): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041581.
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For a sustainable building industry, reusable construction with a low demand for primary resources is needed. Moreover, if we want to reduce the amount of construction and demolition waste, construction with recycled aggregate should be considered. To investigate the environmental impacts of such concrete construction, life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to compare the following types of concrete construction: Reusable blocks with recycled brick aggregate, reusable blocks with recycled concrete, reusable blocks with natural aggregate, and regular concrete wall. Firstly, the properties of new concrete with recycled aggregate were measured, such as physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Then, different constructions were designed and assessed using the method of Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML2001) and the method of National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (ReCiPe 2016) as characterization methods. Unsurprisingly, the regular concrete wall had a higher impact on most of the impact categories, e.g., 113 kg CO2 eq. (in the first scenario, using CML2001). In accordance with the circular principles, the reusability of blocks and recycling of aggregate are the main factors that affect the environmental impact of the constructions. Thus, the global warming potential (GWP) of construction with reusable recycled concrete blocks was only 53 kg CO2 eq. (in the second scenario). Moreover, we show differences in the results of CML2001 and ReCiPe 2016, e.g., in the Photochemical Oxidant Creation category.
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Nesvetaev, G. V., Y. I. Koryanova, and D. P. Sukhin. "Some Technological Parameters of Construction Joints Formation Using the Self-Compacting Concrete Mixtures." Modern Trends in Construction, Urban and Territorial Planning 2, no. 3 (October 11, 2023): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2949-1835-2023-2-3-31-39.
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Introduction. The important condition ensuring the monolithicity of the erected massive monolithic reinforced concrete structures, divided in compliance with the standards into the heat-shrinkable blocks, is the quality of construction joints in terms of the new-to-old concrete bonding. The research on the bonding strength dependence on the technological parameters of the construction joints formation using the widely spread in recent years self-compacting concretes is a relevant task, because the number of publications on the respective topic is insufficient. The aim of the present paper is to develop a scientific concept regarding the influence of the certain technological parameters on the new-to-old concrete bonding strength during the construction joints formation.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out using the self-compacting and ordinary heavy vibratory-compacted concretes with the compressive strength ranged from 34.5 to 69.2 MPa. The object of the study was the dependence of the new-to-old concrete bonding strength on the method of standardised surface pre-treatment of the “old” concrete in a joint and the compressive strength of the grade of the “new” self-compacting concrete. The composite Mörsch specimens in which the “old” concrete was cured for up to 3 days were used as the main samples. The construction joint relative strength was considered to be the joint quality evaluation criterion equalling to the ratio of the shear strength of concrete in a composite Mörsch specimen to the minimum axial tension strength values of the “new” and “old” concrete. The quality indicators of the concrete were determined by applying the standard methodology. The specimens were cured under conditions simulating the production of works in the spring-summer season.Results. During the research, the construction joint quality criteria in terms of the “old” to “new” concrete bonding were analysed along with the changes they undergo depending on the studied recipe (concrete grade) and technological (length of the technological break, surface treatment method) factors. The dependences of the proposed construction joint quality criterion on the “new” concrete compressive strength (grade) were obtained and the inefficiency of the surface treatment with a metal brush was shown, especially if accompanied with the technological break extension. The required bonding strength values for B25 ... B35 grade concretes can be for sure provided by the surface pre-milling, whereas the extension of the technological break has negative affect on the bonding strength.Discussion and Conclusions. Due to the revealed low bonding strength of the “old” to “new” concretes, regardless the technological factors, it is expedient to look into the ways of ensuring the construction joint quality by implementing structural solutions such as keyed joints and (or) additional reinforcement.
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AL-KHAWAF, A. F. Q., and A. I. NIKULIN. "Analysis of Deformative-Strength Characteristics of Concretes, Manufactured with Addition of Coarse Aggregate, Obtained from Concrete Rubbles." Stroitel'nye Materialy 785, no. 10 (2020): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2020-785-10-22-30.
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In the construction practice, various concretes are used which, depending on the purpose, meet different requirements in terms of reliability, resistance to external environmental factors and other equally important parameters. In this article, as a coarse aggregate, crushed stone obtained in the process of crushing concrete waste from fragments of destroyed buildings and structures is considered. The results of experimental studies by various scientists have shown that the use of concrete rubble as aggregate is a promising direction. Thus, the economic effect of the use of crushed concrete as a coarse aggregate for the production of various concretes can be very significant for the construction industry as a whole. The results of the experiments presented in this article show that the use of recycled concrete in the form of crushed stone is very necessary, since an increase in the volume of construction waste creates a huge environmental problem for all countries and its partial solution is connected, including with the scientific research presented here. Keywords: crushed stone from concrete waste, coarse aggregate, concrete, strength, compression, tension, bending, modulus of elasticity.
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Liu, Chenguang. "Expounding the Construction Technical Measures of Fair-Faced Concrete Construction." E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 03078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185303078.
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Due to the acceleration of urbanization in China, construction technology in the construction field has also been continuously developed. The fair-faced concrete is often referred to as decorative concrete. It is a new type of concrete that has been continuously developed as people's demands for architectural decoration and it becomes more widely used in modern construction projects. In this paper, by introducing the types and composition of fair-faced concrete, a series of fair-faced concrete construction technical measures, as well as pouring and conservation measures, have been proposed in conjunction with actual construction projects, and examples have been analyzed in order to better apply the fair-faced concrete technology into modern buildings.
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Varikuppala, Lalitha, and G. V. V. Satyanarayana. "Mix proportioning of M25 grade concrete by replacing normal aggregate with light weight aggregate (Pumice)." E3S Web of Conferences 391 (2023): 01197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339101197.
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Day to day a large development in construction activities are happening. All constructions require huge quantity of concrete. All we know that conventional concrete has density 2400 kg/m3.This type of concrete is not at all required in all aspects. So that new era concretes are developed to solve more problems. In general Components of buildings have concrete density 2400 kg/m3. In high rise buildings the components are large in size. Thus, by making the components lighter, a concrete needs to have a lesser density while still retaining its adequate compressive capacity. Lightweight aggregate are employed when making the bulk of lightweight concrete. The objective of the current study is to develop lightweight concrete by replacement of pumice stone for natural aggregate for M25 grade, with pumice stone ranging proportion from 0-27.5% at 5% intervals.
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Escobar, Ignacio. "The value of special concretes in tall buildings." Structural Engineer 94, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/tjgk1692.
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In recent years, a shortage of development space in many cities has led to a rise in the construction of tall buildings. This article looks at the role special concrete mixes – high-early-strength concrete and self-compacting concrete – have to play in the design and construction of medium-rise and tall buildings. Using research case studies, the article considers the potential savings in construction costs offered by the use of special concretes, as well as added value that may be realised through an increase in floor area.
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Medeiros-Junior, Ronaldo A., Carlos ET Balestra, and Maryangela G. Lima. "Applicability of recycled aggregates in concrete piles for soft soil improvement." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 35, no. 1 (November 19, 2016): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x16676544.
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The expressive generation of construction and demolition waste is stimulating several studies for reusing this material. The improvement of soft soils by concrete compaction piles has been widely applied for 40 years in some Brazilian cities. This technique is used to improve the bearing capacity of soft soils, allowing executing shallow foundations instead of deep foundations. The compaction piles use a high volume of material. This article explored the possibility of using recycled aggregates from construction waste to replace the natural aggregates in order to improve the bearing capacity of the soft soil, regarding its compressive strength. Construction wastes from different stages of a construction were used in order to make samples of concrete with recycled aggregates. The strength of concretes with natural aggregates was compared with the strength of concretes with recycled (fine and coarse) aggregates. Results show that all samples met the minimum compressive strength specified for compaction piles used to improve the bearing capacity of soft soils. The concrete with recycled aggregate from the structural stage had even higher resistances than the concrete with natural aggregates. This behaviour was attributed to the large amount of cementitious materials in the composition of this type of concrete. It was also observed that concrete with recycled fine aggregate has a superior resistance to concrete with recycled coarse aggregate.
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Ťažký, Martin, and Klára Křížová. "Design of High-Strength Concrete for Ready-Mixed Concrete Production." Solid State Phenomena 325 (October 11, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.325.113.
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The high-strength concrete is a cement composite reaching high compressive strength, namely, pursuant to the legislation, higher than 60 MPa in the terms of cube compressive strength. The development of high-strength concretes exceeding 100 MPa is still an up-to-date issue and the production of these concretes is still limited only to a prefabrication. Contemporary construction industry and projecting activity have begun to focus on a construction of statically demanding buildings, which can include e.g. high-rise buildings. Such projecting often requires using of the state-of-the-art materials like cement composites with high mechanical parameters for construction of more subtle buildings. Within this article, the procedure of ready-mixed concretes development with the compressive strength around 100 MPa designed according to a project documentation for actual construction of high-rise building with the height up to 160 meters and 46 floors is described, together with the influence of the aggregate on the resulting composite strength.
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Kazlitina, O. V., Karina Y. Martynova, Artem K. Golubinsky, and S. A. Kazlitin. "Development of the Compositional Binder for Cement-Concrete Used in Monolithic Construction." Materials Science Forum 974 (December 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.974.9.
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One of the urgent problems of modern concrete science is the use and improvement of high-quality concrete. The emergence of such concretes has opened a new era in construction. Their unique properties are: high strength and corrosion resistance, water resistance and frost resistance, adjustable deformability. High-quality concretes provide high guaranteed parameters of the operational reliability of buildings and structures under the conditions of complex environmental effects and loads, significantly reduce construction time and reduce investment risks. One of the promising materials that allows you to ensure all of the above characteristics is fine-grained concrete based on a composite binder.
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Koper, Artur, Marcin Koper, and Wojciech Kubissa. "Determining Concrete Composition on Recycled Aggregates." Key Engineering Materials 677 (January 2016): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.677.266.
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The problem of recycling of construction wastes is important and at the same time difficult to deal with. One of the possible ways of using the construction wastes coming from the demolition of concrete constructions is to re-use them in the production of construction concretes as recycled concrete aggregates RCA. Determining the concrete composition with the use of RCA demands conditioning its different from the natural aggregates NA physical and mechanical properties. In the procedure of projecting the concrete composition with three equations theory the assumption of consistency class of concrete mixture is demanded. Having accepted it, the water demand of aggregates and cement is determined. In case of natural aggregates NA the formulas of Sterne's and Bolomey's are used in which aggregates water demand is conditioned from its kind and granulation and also from concrete mixture consistency. In case of RCA, there is lack of such data and each time it is necessary to determine the water demand empirically after performing a trial batch. There also exists a necessity to determine the relation between RCA water demand and its other properties which are easy to be determined in laboratory conditions and in short time. Such a property can be measured with the crushing rate wrm resistance of aggregates to crushing. Crushing rate wrm was used to qualify the recycled aggregates from recycling with the point of their potential of being re-used in constructive concrete production. It was determined a relation between crushing rate wrmand the coefficient ARCA taking place in the modified strength equation of Bolomey and thus it became possible to use the method of three equations to project the concrete composition on recycled aggregates.
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Sun, Li Gong. "Pump Concrete Construction Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 2518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.2518.
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In recent years, pump concrete construction technology is widely put in use because the modern architecture trends to over- height, large- span, and over-load. In the basis of the railway engineering examples, the thesis elaborates the ratio design of high-strength pump concrete, construction technology and quality control with reference to projects of the same kind.
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Donaldson, Laruie. "Concrete revolutionises road construction." Materials Today 13, no. 11 (November 2010): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-7021(10)70195-4.
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Naik, Tarun R. "Sustainability of Concrete Construction." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 13, no. 2 (May 2008): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0680(2008)13:2(98).
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Khan, Muhammad Waseem, and Yousaf Ali. "Sustainable construction." Construction Innovation 20, no. 2 (January 2, 2020): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-05-2019-0040.
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Purpose The change in climate and depletion of natural resources because of the harmful emissions from different materials becomes a main issue for the globe. Some of the developed and developing countries have focused on this issue and performed research to provide a solution. The purpose of this study is to identify the best types of concrete based on its impact on the environment and economy. Design/methodology/approach The life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis of six concrete mixtures that include construction and demolition wastes (CDW), marble sludge, rice husk and bagasse ash as a partial replacement of cement, are performed. These types of concrete are compared with each other and with ordinary concrete to select the best possible concrete type for a developing country, like Pakistan. Findings The results show that, although for an agricultural country like Pakistan, the agriculture wastes such as rice husk and bagasse ash are preferable to be used, if the emissions of CO2 and CO from rice husk and NOx and SO2 from bagasse ash are properly controlled. However, based on the results, it is recommended to use the CDW in concrete because of the small amount of air emissions and affordable prices. Originality/value Through this study, a path has been provided to construction companies and relative government organizations of Pakistan, which leads to sustainable practices in the construction industry. Moreover, the base is provided for future researchers who want to work in this area, as for Pakistan, there is no database available that helps to identify the impact of different concrete on the environment.
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Yu, Ran Gang, and Xin Hu Wang. "Admixtures in Concrete Crack Control and Construction Technology Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1115.
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This paper studies properties of concrete under the action of water-reducing retarder and expansive agent; gives the optimal design calculation method of cooling water pipe in the construction technology: mainly considering pipe’s diameter, distance, cooling water’s flow, temperature, time etc; studies the optimization to the concretes construction method. Midas/Civil, one finite element analysis soft-ware, analyses mass concrete construction of the whole process of the temperature field and stress field in the numerical simulation, considering the admixtures and construction technology. The results show that commonuse of admixtures and reasonable construction technology are the important means of controlling cracks.
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Thajeel, Marwah M., and György L. Balázs. "3D printing for earth construction - review." Concrete Structures 23 (2022): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32970/cs.2022.1.10.
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Concrete is the second frequently used material in our planet. Being the most consumed construction material for infrastructures and buildings, the demand for concrete is very high at present and expected to have the same significance in the future. On the other hand, conventional concrete could not be considered as an environmentally friendly construction material. This comes from the perspectives of reducing natural resources, high energy consumption, and produce a huge amounts of construction waste. 3D printing construction with earth materials provide the potential solutions to reshape the construction world and answering the current demands of sustainability, energy efficiency and cost in construction. This paper presents a review of 3D printed constructions made from earth materials benefits, limitations and current applications.