Journal articles: 'Concrete construction – Testing'

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Wang, Gui Ling, Ming Lei Ma, Dong Mei Miao, and Hong Juan Ma. "Pump Ability of Concrete Mixture Improvement Based on Rich Mortar Theory Testing Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.704.

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Ready-mixed concrete has gained more and more popularity in the construction projects in China. Long distance or high dislocation pump of concrete mixture is difficult to control the concrete quality , even more worse, the concrete may become drier or stocked during the pumping. How to improve the concretes pump ability is a major concern of the construction company. With the development of civil engineering, the building get much more higher and the bridge get much more longer, the pump ability of concrete matters the final product quality of the structure. This article proposed a comprehensive research on pump-ability of concrete mixture from the in field experiences by CCEED (China Construction Eighth Engineering Division).

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Reinhardt, H. W. "RILEM international Workshop ‘Testing During Concrete Construction’." Materials and Structures 23, no. 6 (November 1990): 466–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02472031.

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Yang, Ya Xun. "Analysis of Stress Measuring and Testing of Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 346 (September 2011): 787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.346.787.

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According to the structure and construction features of prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge, with reference to the principle of vibrational chord strain gauge to concrete, the vibrational chord strain gauges to concrete are used in the construction control of prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge. This paper introduces the measurement techniques and methods for stress and strain of main girder of the bridge, analyses some infection factors of stress measuring and testing, and presents the error analysis methods of stress measuring and testing and calculation methods of true stress of structure. The techniques and analysis methods prove to be quite effective through the applications and provide background data for constructing safely of prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge.

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Davidyuk, Artem, and Igor Rumyantsev. "Quality control of high-performance concrete in high-rise construction during operation." MATEC Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817001035.

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With onset of the XXI century, the demand for construction of high-rise buildings with the load-bearing framework made of high-performance cast-in-situ concrete has increased many-fold in the construction sector. Specific features of the high-performance concrete of bearing structures in the situation of real operation of high-rise buildings are continuously studied by scientists and specialists all over the world, and regulatory and methodological documents are being complemented and adjusted. High-performance concretes and structures made of them possess some specific features that should be taken into account in quality control. The methods of concrete inspection and concrete strength evaluation described in GOST 18105 “Concretes. Guidelines on Testing and Evaluation of Strength” and GOST 22690 “Concretes. Evaluation of Strength by Mechanic Non-Destructive Test Methods” were written when precast reinforced concrete was predominantly used in the construction sector and were limited to the functions of intra-factory quality control of reinforced concrete products. At present, instruments for non-destructive testing using indirect methods are usually calibrated with the help of local destructions, as a rule, a pull out or rib shear test. The said methods are in fact indirect since they indicate the force of destruction of the surface layer of a structure.

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Wang, Zheng Jun, Mei Han, and Felix Zhao. "Applying Research on Testing Technique of High Performance Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 378-379 (October 2011): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.378-379.226.

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In order to master timely and accurately construction quality of high performance concrete, detection of compressive strength of high performance concrete can be tested non-destructively, rapidly and accurately. The paper did preliminary research on high performance concrete with redound method, furthermore, it established estimation model between rebound value and compressive strength. Experiment shows that rebound method can effetely test compressive strength of high performance concrete. Construction quality of Cement concrete structure or component can timely grasped in period of construction with the method.

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Larrossa, M. C., M. V. Real, C. R. R. Dias, and F. C. Magalhães. "Statistical analysis and conformity testing of concrete in port construction work." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 7, no. 3 (June 2014): 468–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952014000300007.

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Conformity control of concrete is part of a range of control and standard methods which must be employed in all construction work to assure its compliance with quality requirements. The compressive strength of the concrete is considered as a random variable that must be controlled by standardized sampling and testing in order to ensure the structural safety. Therefore, the use of a large amount of compressive strength test results of concretes with similar characteristics has been seen as an important tool in the assessment of current standard norms. This paper describes an analysis based on the conformity control used in large port construction works which have recently been carried out in the Rio Grande Port, located in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. Statistical analyses were performed and acceptance tests of the product were conducted. They were based on the acceptance criteria of different methodologies from different continents and showed the variations that can occur in the results of the conformity testing, depending on the adopted model. It is worth mentioning that the concrete used in port construction works in the region has been in accordance with current Brazilian norms.

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Tang, Fuyong. "Brief Analysis on Sampling and Testing Method of Concrete Specimen of Building Materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817501015.

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In recent years, the construction industry in China has developed very rapidly. The demand for concrete for building materials has also increased. Concrete as a basic construction material for construction projects, its application performance also has a very big impact on the overall construction quality of the construction project, which also requires that all construction companies can do a good job in the detection of concrete specimens, only in this way that we can fully guarantee the application performance of concrete, to lay a good foundation for the smooth construction of the construction project. This article mainly studies the sampling and detection methods of concrete samples of building materials.

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Zhao, Chun Zhi, Yi Liu, Shi Wei Ren, and Jiang Quan. "Testing and Green Assessment Technology for Ready-Mixed Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 768 (April 2018): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.768.306.

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Concrete is the most extensively used material in building and civil project structure. With the rapid development of economic construction, urban construction and infrastructure construction increase year by year, so there is a greater demand for concrete, which brings the rapid development of ready-mixed concrete industry. During the rapid development, structural safety and durability problems caused by concrete quality appear frequently. Meanwhile, to implement the fundamental national policies of resource conservation and environment protection, according to Green Building Action Plan (GUOBANFA [2013] No.1) approved by CPC Central Committee and the State Council, besides meeting the quality requirements, ready-mixed concrete must also meet the green products requirements of "energy conservation, emission reduction, safety, convenience and recyclability" for the vigorous development of green building material and supporting the requirements for building energy conservation, green building and new-type urbanization construction. By quality testing, this paper elaborates the green assessment technology for ready-mixed concrete in combination with raw material quality control, design of mix ratio, production process quality control, construction process quality control, residual concrete treatment, hardened concrete quality control, and control of dust, noise and wastewater. The greening of ready-mixed concrete brings the production and application of green building material, promotes the transformation and upgrading of building material industry and drives the development of green building.

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Burkovič, Kamil, Martina Smirakova, and Pavlina Matečková. "Testing and Modelling of Concrete Pile Foundations." Key Engineering Materials 738 (June 2017): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.738.287.

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Foundation of building on concrete piles is often used when it is necessary to carry the load into larger depth as by common foundation. Bearing capacity of piles or piled raft foundation is wide area to research. This paper deals with experimental load test of concrete pile and with their numerical modelling. Several types of foundation construction were tested and two kinds will be presented and compared in this paper - reinforced concrete foundation slab and raft foundation (made of reinforced concrete foundation slab supported by drilled reinforced concrete pilot). These types of foundation constructions were constructed as models, in a reduced scale, approx. 1:10. The size had to be adjusted due to limited capacity of the testing equipment and financial reasons. Except measuring of the foundation behaviour, there was also carried out measurement of the adjacent terrain.The aim of this paper is to compare the behaviour of rigid slab and the piled raft. The measurement results will be then compared with the results of numerical modelling.

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Hubáček, Adam, and Rudolf Hela. "Concrete in the Environment of Agricultural Buildings." Solid State Phenomena 322 (August 9, 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.322.35.

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The construction of biogas plants, clamp silos and buildings for cattle housing is significantly increasing with current agricultural production. During the building of new agricultural structures or the remediation of existing ones, it is necessary to consider the level of resistance of the used concrete that is to be exposed to highly aggressive chemical environments. The objective of the article is to describe a method of design, production and testing of concretes intended for these types of agricultural constructions. Particular attention will be paid to the properties of fresh and hardened concrete and its durability when laid in silage leachates and in conditions of low pH.

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Kruger, Deon, and Michael van der Westhuizen. "Development of an Ultra-Lightweight Thin Film Polymer Modified Concrete Material." Key Engineering Materials 466 (January 2011): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.466.131.

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Certain construction situations call for the use of ultra-lightweight concrete materials. The properties of such materials allow for the utilisation of concrete in weight critical applications, for example precast elements, roofing panels, flooring and cladding of structures. The weight saving benefits of lightweight concrete are evident, yet a trade-off in the strength and durability characteristics of the concrete are made. This paper sets out to develop an ultra-lightweight thin filmed polymer modified concrete material for such applications. This material may incorporate specialised aggregates and admixtures to meet performance requirements but the effects of these on the performance of the lightweight concrete are to be carefully evaluated. This paper presents some of the results obtained by means of laboratory testing as well in-situ testing. As part of the in-situ testing, the paper also reports on the practical evaluation of the ultra-lightweight material characteristics performed through the construction of a light weight concrete racing canoe. This allowed for the evaluation of the material performance characteristics and the establishment of acceptable work and application methods when constructing with this material.

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Arezoumandi, Mahdi, Mark Ezzell, and Jeffery S. Volz. "Development and Testing of Chemically-Based Self-Consolidating Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.11.

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Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) has the potential to significantly reduce costs associated with concrete construction. SCC is a highly flowable, nonsegregating concrete that has a variety of advantages over conventional concrete (CC). However, SCC is not without its problems, which can include increased creep and shrinkage, as well as decreased bond and shear strength. The goal of this research project was to evaluate the creep, shrinkage, and shear behavior of a chemically-based SCC mix. One of the benefits of a chemically-based approach is the potential to eliminate the negative side effects of many SCC mixes. The investigation included development of the mix design, construction and testing of creep and shrinkage specimens, and construction and testing of full-scale beam specimens to evaluate the shear behavior. The results indicate that a chemically-based SCC performs as well or better than conventional portland-cement concrete.

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Buchta, Vojtěch, and Petr Mynarčík. "Experimental Testing of Fiberconcrete Foundation Slab Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.291.

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Experimental measurements described in this paper are a continuation of research focused on interaction of foundation concrete structures and subsoil. This problematic has been researching on the Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB - Technical University of Ostrava for long time. Is it one of the main research directions at the Department of Constructions. In 2013, the research was focused on the analysis of fiberconcrete foundation structures. Especially, It was tested a foundation slab model of the National Supercomputing Center IT4 Innovations. This significant construction is realized in campus of VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava right now. It was a big opportunity to compare a model test results with measurements from real construction.

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Cai, Cheng Qiu, Qing Song Guo, and Xin Li. "Experimental Research on Durability of Fair-Faced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 1693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.1693.

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Fair-faced concrete is a neotype constructional material. It is exposed to the natural environment directly as decorative walls in the acting process, so the request of durability of the concrete is much higher. Through comparison testing, data collection and analysis, find out the difference of durability of fair-faced concrete in different proportioning. It has positive significance to the selection of raw material and construction technology.

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15

Sri Ravindrarajah, R. "Repair and testing of concrete structures." Cement and Concrete Composites 16, no. 2 (January 1994): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0958-9465(94)90009-4.

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16

Li, Wei Hong, and Ying Ying Xu. "The Durability and Damage Testing of High Performance Concrete." Key Engineering Materials 591 (November 2013): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.591.325.

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Concrete structures are widely used in engineering structure, but because of the problem of environment and material, the durability of the concrete structure appears. This paper first states the main research content of the durability of concrete structures, then introduces the main ways to improve the durability of concrete structure. Finally it summarizes several kinds of concrete damage testing technology and characteristics, and the construction engineering testing technology is prospected.

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17

Strauss, Alfred. "Buchbesprechung: Testing of concrete in structures, 4th edition." Beton- und Stahlbetonbau 103, no. 7 (July 2008): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/best.200890073.

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Pap, Miklós, András Mahler, and Salem Georges Nehme. "Laboratory testing of seepage in concrete." E3S Web of Conferences 195 (2020): 03030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019503030.

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Due to the construction of underground structures and hazardous waste storages, understanding and modelling of water flow through concrete has become a major topic for life-span analyses. The water retention curve (WRC) is an essential unsaturated soil function, which can be determined not only for soil samples, but also for other porous media. This paper deals with the determination of drying water retention curve for six different concrete mixtures that provide a substantial characteristic for the investigation and modelling of seepage through the pores of concrete. According to the complex pore system of the concrete, the bimodal function of van Genuchten (1980) and Fredlund and Xing (1994) models were used for curve fitting. The fitted curves were used to estimate the permeability function using Fredlund et. al (1994) model.

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19

Ajdukiewicz, Andrzej. "Testing and Repair of Concrete Silos." Structural Engineering International 6, no. 4 (November 1996): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686696780496175.

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Jutila, Aarne, Risto Mäkipuro, and Lauri Salokangas. "Testing a Wood-Concrete Composite Bridge." Structural Engineering International 7, no. 4 (November 1997): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686697780494635.

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Ali, A., Z. Soomro, S. Iqbal, N. Bhatti, and A. F. Abro. "Prediction of Corner Columns’ Load Capacity Using Composite Material Analogy." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 2745–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1879.

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There are numerous reasons for which concrete has become the most widely used construction material in buildings, one of them being its availability in different types, such as fiber-reinforced, lightweight, high strength, conventional and self-compacting concrete. This advantage is specially realized in high-rise building construction, where common construction practice is to use concretes of different types or strength classes in slabs and columns. Columns in such structures are generally made from concrete which is higher in compressive strength than the one used in floors or slabs. This raises issue of selection of concrete strength that should be used for estimating column capacity. Current paper tries to address this issue by testing nine (09) sandwich column specimens under axial loading. The floor concrete portion of the sandwich column was made of normal strength concrete, whereas column portions from comparatively higher strength concrete. Test results show that aspect ratio (h/b) influences the effective concrete strength of such columns. A previously adopted methodology of composite material analogy with some modifications has been found to predict well the capacity of columns where variation in floor and concrete strength is significant.

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Snezhkov, D. "On the calibration dependencies designing for concrete strength testing by sclerometric nondestructive metods." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency, no. 45 (October 16, 2020): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2020.45.16-25.

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Sclerometric methods of testing concrete, in particular, the rebound hammer testing, retain their positions as the most common indirect methods for concrete strength determining in situ. They are used as a means for technological testing during the buildings construction, as well as during their inspection during maintenance. Indirect parameters of current sclerometric devices are usually point-values: the rebound index, the diameter and depth of the print, the duration of the indenter insertion process, and the maximum interaction force. However, the lack of an unambiguous relationship between these parameters and the strength of concrete leads to additional uncertainty of the test result, which is one of the problems of sclerometric methods of concrete control. The instability of the calibration dependencies of the method is also observed. Even strict compliance with the requirements of the procedure does not guarantee the repeatability of the obtained dependencies.The article considers the possibility of improving metrological indicators of calibration dependencies of sclerometric methods by introducing an additional parameter-concrete humidity. The possibility of combining two sclerometric methods – the elastic rebound method and the shock pulse method is also considered. Data were obtained on concrete samples with a curing time of 25..60 days. Two-parameter calibration dependencies, including concrete humidity as an additional parameter, allowed for all experimental series of samples to reduce the residual mean square deviation of the calibration dependence of elastic rebound and shock pulse methods by 10%..16%, and to consistently provide the minimum acceptable value of the correlation coefficient r = 0.7 for the studied concrete compositions. The influence of concrete heterogeneity on the readings of sclerometric test methods is considered.The developed method of constructing two-parameter calibration dependencies can be recommended for inclusion in the current standards governing the determination of the strength of concrete structures under construction.

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Zou, Zhong Quan, Xu Wang, and Zhi Mei Wang. "Application of Ultrasonic Testing in Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Arch Bridge." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1025–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1025.

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Concrete Filled Steel Tube(CFST) is widely used in civil engineering structures because of its superior mechanical performance. Yet the mechanical behavior of CFST is highly depended on the construction quality of the filled concrete. Hence it is very important for the inspection of the construction quality of the filled concrete in CFST structures. In this paper, the ultrasonic testing technique was used to detect the defect of the filled concrete of a CFST arch bridge. During the inspection, the ultrasonic transducer was moved along the circumference of the cross-section of the arch, and the defect of the concrete was comprehensively judged by detecting the change of sonic time, sonic amplitude and sonic frequency. Based on the analysis of the ultrasonic transmission path, the influences of different defects on the sonic time, sonic amplitude and sonic frequency were discussed. The detecting results were verified by core-drilling method. The verification showed that different kinds of defects defected by ultrasonic testing was in good accordance with the drilling samples, which demonstrates the adaptability of the ultrasonic detection technique in the construction quality inspection of CFST structures.

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Kaitukov, Batraz, Mihail Stepanov, and Pavel Kapyrin. "The choice of concrete mixers for the concrete preparation." MATEC Web of Conferences 178 (2018): 06016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817806016.

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The production of commodity concretes is a large segment of the construction industry and a testing base for concrete mixers. The choice of high-reliable concrete mixers for high-quality production of various brands of concrete is topical. When choosing concrete mixers, the most important is condition for improving the quality of mixing. Solving this problem, the analysis of various parameters and structural designs of concrete mixers is carried out. Dependencies are established that show the properties of concrete of various brands with their composition and technical characteristics of concrete mixers. Variants of rational selection of concrete mixers that provide high uniformity of concretes and a combination of the components of the mixture are proposed. The capacities of various concrete mixers for the preparation of commodity concrete are determined and the optimum rotational speeds of the working elements of concrete mixers are determined. Reasonable speeds of movement of working elements are revealed and dependences of the Reynolds number on frequency of rotation of a drum between capacity and diameter of a drum of a concrete mixer are established. This method of selecting rational concrete mixers allows reducing operating costs and improving the quality of concrete.

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Kontymyrova, V., and V. Mazurova. "ACTUAL ISSUES OF CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH WITH APPLICATION OF TEST LABORATORIES." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 20, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2.2019.34.

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In modern conditions of development of the construction industry, the issue of improving the quality of research using test building laboratories has become urgent. The article details what kind of documentation the testing laboratory should have. The premises in which the tests are carried out must meet the requirements of the test methods applicable to the production area, the condition and conditions that are provided for in them (temperature, humidity, air purity, lighting, sound insulation and vibration, protection from radiation of electric, magnetic and other physical fields, parameters of all electric networks), as well as sanitary norms and rules, requirements for safety and environmental protection. The testing laboratory must have the equipment necessary for testing and measuring equipment in all respects. Testing equipment and measuring instruments must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents and test methods. This article describes the types of construction work that are subject to quality control, and also describes the basic requirements for laboratories, equipment and personnel. The article also addresses issues related to quality control in construction, as well as describes the most pressing issue that experts are currently facing, namely: the examination of the construction of roads, parking lots, sites and other road construction facilities. Moreover, the article reflects that it is necessary to conduct testing and quality control of building materials and quality control of the work performed. In testing construction and technical laboratories, they determine the technological and operational properties of concrete, brick, insulation materials; testing the strength of concrete on samples extracted from reinforced concrete and concrete structures; coring should be carried out according to technology using special equipment for diamond drilling in natural conditions.

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Benin, Andrey, Evgenii P. Dudkin, and I. G. Paraskkevopulo. "Experimental Research of New Tram Track Construction Operating Fatigue Capacity." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.849.

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The results of dynamical fatigue testing of natural tram track fragment are presented. The fibrous concrete (foundation) was used in track superstructure, the rubber pads “PREFArails” were used for noise and vibration reduction. The cycle testing results analysis demonstrated that “PREFArail” pads ensure the overall structure operability over not less than 25 years without repair. The recommendations for pads and fibrous concrete foundation use on tram tracks in Saint-Petersburg were given.

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Mehta, PK, and H.-W. Chung. "On Testing of Very Short Concrete Specimens." Cement, Concrete and Aggregates 11, no. 1 (1989): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/cca10100j.

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Lu, Jin Ping. "Testing and Specification of Polymer Concrete Materials in Singapore." Advanced Materials Research 1129 (November 2015): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1129.177.

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Pure cement mortar and concrete possess disadvantages such as brittleness, low bonding or adhesion strength, low tensile strength, large drying shrinkage, low chemical resistance. In order to overcome these disadvantages, polymer concrete is used as a construction material in Singapore as the properties of polymer-modified (or polymer cement) mortar and concrete are superior to conventional cement mortar. In Singapore, new products or technologies can be found through distributers, agents, etc. Singapore is able to afford and try high quality products to maintain the quality of a building and structure. The importance of applying polymer to protect, repair, coat and strengthen concrete structures in Singapore have grown in the last two decades. To ensure and maintain the standards of construction and building quality, polymer concrete are used extensively in new developments in Singapore. In this paper, the mechanical properties and its corresponding testing methods for several types of polymer concrete used in Singapore are discussed. These products include mortar used to repair concrete spalling, acrylic polymer cementitious coating, waterproofing membrane, epoxy mortars and grouts, fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) and epoxy resin. In addition, the specifications for the above products used in Singapore’s Housing Development Board (HDB) are discussed in the paper as it’s a requirement for suppliers to test their products in accredited laboratories before it can be used.

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Mynarčík, Petr. "Measurement Processes and Destructive Testing of Fiber Concrete Foundation Slab Pattern." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.221.

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The main theme of this article is a measurement processes description and the results of experimental destructive test of the fiber concrete foundation slab pattern. The purpose of this research was to make a behavior analysis of the fiber concrete foundation slab pattern focused on the interaction between foundation slab and the subsoil. This experiment was realized on model of real construction, especially - the National Supercomputing Center IT4 Innovations - significant construction built in campus of VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava.

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Garg, Navneet, and Marshall R. Thompson. "Lincoln Avenue Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Base Project." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1547, no. 1 (January 1996): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154700113.

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Pavement rehabilitation and reconstruction operations have generated large supplies of reclaimed asphalt concrete (RAC). In Illinois crushed RAC generally called recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) supplies are not 100 percent recycled into hot-mix asphalt concrete production. RAP acceptance as a pavement base material has been limited because of the lack of laboratory testing information, information on structural behavior, and field performance data. Limited preliminary laboratory testing and isolated commercial and local road agency paving experience in Illinois indicate that RAP has significant potential as a pavement base. RAP base potential was evaluated by constructing the Lincoln Avenue (Urbana, Illinois) demonstration project during late September and early October 1993. The pavement section is a 305-mm (12-in.) lime-modified, fine-grained subgrade, a 203-mm (8-in.) compacted RAP base, and a 76-mm (3-in.) dense-graded asphalt concrete surface course. The construction, structural response, and performance of the Lincoln Avenue RAP base project were monitored as part of a cooperative study (Illinois Department of Transportation, City of Urbana, and University of Illinois). The accumulated construction, field testing and evaluation, and laboratory testing data and information are summarized. The field construction experience, field control test data, laboratory testing results, falling weight deflectometer results, and Lincoln Avenue performance data indicate that RAP can successfully be used as a conventional flexible pavement base material. The performance of the Lincoln Avenue RAP base pavement (to date) is comparable with that of a crushed stone base.

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Yu, Le Hua, Shuang Xi Zhou, and Hui Ou. "Experimental Investigation on Properties of High Performance Concrete with Mineral Admixtures in Pavement of Highway." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.345.

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To meet demand of highperformance pavement concrete in highway, differentproportional concretes incorporating 30%—40% ground granulatedblast furnace slag and (or) fly ash were investigated on engineering properties in laboratory. Workability offresh concrete was evaluated by result of testing slump, mechanical property ofconcrete by flexural strength, abrasion resistance of concrete by index ofabrasion resistance and durability of concrete by chloride diffusioncoefficient and value of charge passed. The results indicate that measuredcharacteristics of concretes are superior to the relevant requisitions in specificationof highway. It was revealed that partial substitution ofmineral admixtures increased workability of fresh concrete, abrasion resistanceand durability of concrete. Addition of groundgranulated blast furnace slag is more favorable to flexural strength ofconcrete than that of fly ash, in particular for early-term to avoid delaying construction time with lower strength caused in use of greatvolume admixture.

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Hubáček, Adam, and Iveta Hájková. "Water-Tight Concrete Constructions and Directives for their Design and Realization." Materials Science Forum 908 (October 2017): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.908.154.

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The paper describes problems of water-tight concrete constructions, their design, manufacture and testing of quality in accordance with regulations and directives used in the Czech Republic and abroad. Current knowledge of water-tight constructions and water-tight concrete imply that main focus is on problems of use of water-tight concrete for construction of so-called white bath and preventing crack formation in concrete. Laboratory work is focused mainly on design of concrete based on individual regulations. Subsequently, influence of various types of cement and additions partly replacing cement on properties of water-tight concrete is examined. Research of heat development during hydration at early stages of maturing is and inseparable part of the experimental work, as well as development of compressive strength, water-tightness and frost resistance of concrete

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Pavlů, Tereza, and Magdaléna Šefflová. "Non Destructive Testing of Concrete with Recycled Cement Powder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 825 (February 2016): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.825.45.

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This study deals with determination of the physical properties of fine-aggregate concrete with partial replacement of cement in concrete mixture. Cement was replaced by recycled cement powder originating from construction and demolition waste. The main goal of this study is evaluation of the basic physical properties of the fine-aggregate concrete with partial cement replacement by recycled concrete powder such as density, water absorption capacity and capillary water absorption. The fine recycled concrete which was used as partial replacement of cement had the same grain size as cement. The replacement rate was 0 %, 5 %, 10 % and 15 %. Physical properties were investigated by using cubic and prismatic specimens.

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Rubene, Sanita, Martins Vilnitis, and Juris Noviks. "Impact of density and special features of manufacturing process on drying of autoclaved aerated concrete masonry blocks." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 16, 2015): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2015vol1.212.

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Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry blocks are construction material with high heat insulation parameters. In time of sustainable construction, this material can be used as a load bearing construction material for a range of buildings where it is necessary to obtain high heat insulation parameters of external delimiting constructions. The main problem of autoclaved aerated masonry constructions is the significant influence of relative humidity rate and its gradient on heat resistivity properties of the masonry constructions. Therefore it is important to monitor the drying process of AAC masonry constructions in order to avoid the sealing of moisture inside the masonry by early application of finishing layers on the construction. As there is a variety of manufacturers who offer AAC masonry blocks and the manufacturing process of the blocks slightly differ as well as the ingredients used for the manufacturing of the blocks this research has been done to determine the impact of manufacturing features and density of the blocks on their drying properties. The testing has been performed by non-destructive testing method – electrical impedance spectrometry (EIS) In the paper, there are included results of research of correlation between EIS and moisture content rate in masonry blocks provided by different manufacturers. All used blocks are with similar material density. As a result of the research correlation formulas between saturation rate of the material and EIS measurement result have been established and a graph of humidity migration throughout the cross section of the masonry construction has been determined.

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Zhang, Yan Cong, Ling Ling Gao, and Jun Min Shen. "Vibration Characteristics of Air-Entrained Concrete Based on Slipform Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1549.

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Vibration characteristics of air-entrained concrete was analyzed by vibration slump loss, formwork ability and vibration viscosity coefficient through comparative testing. The results showed that: air-entrained concrete has a characteristic that high slump in vibrating and low after. It was significance to construction with slipform paver. Air-entraining agent improved the concrete structural viscosity under high-frequency vibration was the reason for this characteristics.

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Chuang, Mei Ling, and Wei Hsing Huang. "Durability Analysis Testing on Reactive Powder Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.244.

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Reactive powder concrete (RPC) has been proposed as barrier materials for the construction of engineered barrier in Taiwan. The durability characteristics of RPC in such applications become paramount for the success of the containment of the wastes. The adverse environmental conditions at the disposal site could attack concrete barrier and results in degradation of the material.Laboratory tests will be conducted on RPC with various compositions to investigate the durability test of RPC. These include chloride ion ingress, and sulfate attack of RPC. In this study, the resistance of concrete to sulfate attack was tested by submerging RPC specimens in Na2SO4 solution. Based on the volume change data for a period of1 year, the RPC with higher water to binder ratio (W/B) exhibited lower resistance to sulfate attack. The electrochemical technique is applied to accelerate chloride-ion migration test for RPC. The RPCs chloride migration coefficient is significantly decreased by the use of pozzolanic material, compared with ordinary concrete.

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Varona, Francisco B., Francisco Baeza-Brotons, Antonio J. Tenza-Abril, F. Javier Baeza, and Luis Bañón. "Residual Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate Concretes after High Temperature Exposure." Materials 13, no. 8 (April 23, 2020): 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081981.

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Sustainability requirements are gaining importance in the construction industry, which needs to take specific measures in the design and construction of concrete structures. The use of recycled aggregates in concrete may be of special interest. Recycling a construction waste will close the life cycle of the original materials (e.g., concrete). Thus, environmental benefits would come from the lower waste generation, and from a lower necessity of raw materials for new structures. The current Spanish code for structural concrete considers the use of recycled aggregates in replacement rates up to 20% by aggregate mass, assimilating their properties with those of concretes without aggregate replacement. Higher substitution percentages would require further testing. In this work, substitution of coarse aggregate for recycled aggregates (with replacement percentages of 25%, 50% and 100%) has been studied, and the concrete’s residual properties after exposure to high temperatures (between 350 °C and 850 °C) have been assessed. Compressive strength and capillary water absorption tests were made after heating, and the experiments showed higher residual strength in concretes with the greatest content of recycled aggregates. However, a statistical analysis made with additional data available in the literature seemed to predict otherwise, and the recycled aggregate replacement would have a negative effect on the residual strength.

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Zhang, Guo Jun, Hong Nan Li, and Cai Qian Shi. "Study on Mass Concrete Slab Construction Technology of Dalian World Finance Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 137 (October 2011): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.137.175.

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Through the research on the mass concrete slab construction technology of Dalian World Finance Center, this paper has systematically summarized the integrated construction technology of super high-rise mass concrete slab, including key issues such as mix design technology, pouring time selection, construction elements and temperature testing technology. The one-time continuous pouring of 8000m3’s concrete requires about 66 hours and no temperature cracks appear in the concrete surface. A number of similar engineering practices indicate that the maximum adiabatic temperature rise is mainly subjected to the control of concrete mix composition and internal and the temperature difference between inside and outside is mainly controlled by the moisture and insulation measures, which are the two major critical factors controlling mass concrete slab temperature cracks, providing references to future similar mass concrete construction.

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Parasivamurthy, Prakash. "Study of Waste Plastics as Composites Material in Cement Concrete Construction." Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (February 2006): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.220.

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The rapid Urbanization and Industrialization all over the world has resulted in large deposition of Plastic waste. This waste can be utilized under proper condition to reduce the Cement content in Concrete.M20 concrete is used for most of the constructional works, since it gives maximum strength. The strength of this concrete was compared with concrete obtained of shredded Plastic waste varying from 2-8%. Experimental investigations comprised of testing physical requirements of coarse aggregates, fine aggregates, cement and the modifier. M20 concrete was prepared as per IS SP: 23-1982. The said percentage of modifier was blended with the cement concrete mix and the optimum modifier content was found. Cubes were cast and tested for 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 day strength. These tests revealed that by adding modifier, the strength of concrete increased. At 5% optimum modifier content, the strength of the modified concrete was found to be 1.2 times greater than the plain cement concrete. By using Plastic waste as modifier, we can reduce the quantity of cement and sand by their weight, hence decreasing the overall cost of construction .The Modified cement concrete can be used in the construction of small drainage works and rigid pavement. Which leads to decrease in the overall thickness of the pavement.

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Al-Mattarneh, Hashem, and Mohammed Dahim. "Comparison of Nondestructive Testing Method for Strength Prediction of Asphalt Concrete Material." Civil Engineering Journal 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091645.

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Concrete is one of the most common construction materials used in rigid pavement, bridges, roads, highways, and buildings. Compressive strength is one of the most important properties of concrete, which determines its quality. This study aims to present the use of a new surface dielectric method to estimate concrete compressive strength. Six concrete mixtures were produced with compressive strengths ranging from 30 to 60 MPa. Compressive strength and strength development were determined during 28 days of curing. All concrete mixes were tested using the ASTM standard. The dielectric properties, ultrasound velocity, and rebound number of all concrete mixes were also measured at each day of curing. The results obtained from the proposed dielectric method in predicting the compressive strength of concrete were compared with the rebound hammer and ultrasonic velocity that are frequently used to evaluate the compressive strength of concrete. The dielectric method shows a higher square correlation coefficient than the other two methods. The results also indicate that combined more than one method of nondestructive techniques will lead to higher prediction and could help to reduce some errors associated with using a certain method alone. The result indicate that the finding of this study could lead to help in reducing the time of evaluating concrete during construction and could also provide tools for practicing engineer to take decision faster with more confidence level on quality of concrete. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091645 Full Text: PDF

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Andrzej Moczko, Vladimir I. Andreev, and Marta Moczko. "Concrete quality testing in existing structures. Methods of european standards." Vestnik MGSU, no. 8 (August 2019): 967–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.8.967-975.

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Introduction: strength testing of cores cut from existing structures, as a rule, is believed the most reliable source of actual concrete quality information. However, this statement is true in part only. Although current European standards allow applying cut core testing for determination of actual structural condition with no restriction, they foresee that the given testing cannot replace concrete quality testing based on standard specimens taken by with the rules in effect. The study purpose is obtaining relevant information on concrete quality and structure, filler type and granularity, and seeking for answers to the following questions: is the tested concrete porous; to what extent the carbonation is developing on the surface layer; are there any defects in the structure. Materials and methods: the article considers cut core testing methods, elastic rebound measuring, pull-out method, and ultrasonic velocity measurement. Results: the article presents a review of methods for concrete quality testing in finished construction projects following the European standards. Test conditions, recommendations on specimen trimming, and main requirements for correct interpretation of the data obtained using elastic rebound and ultrasonic measurements are given. Independent methods of nondestructive testing are described. Conclusions: the study considers European methods of concrete compressive strength assessment in construction structures. One of the most promising nondestructive test methods which can be applied for concrete quality testing in existing structures seems to be a pull-out method, particularly CAPO-TEST. The research showed that the pull-out tests provide an accurate assessment of strength directly in the structure.

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Delatte, Norbert J., David W. Fowler, and B. Frank McCullough. "Full-Scale Test of High Early Strength Bonded Concrete Overlay Design and Construction Methods." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1544, no. 1 (January 1996): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154400102.

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For rehabilitation of concrete pavements, resurfacing with a bonded concrete overlay (BCO) may provide significantly longer life and reduced maintenance costs. Two important issues are bonding and rapid reopening of resurfaced sections. The project objectives were to determine a method of constructing a BCO under extreme weather conditions in El Paso, Texas, that would ensure early opening to traffic and achieve design requirements for long-term performance, and to investigate methods of detecting and mapping delaminations nondestructively. A BCO test slab that was designed and constructed for a full-scale test of feasible design and construction alternatives is reported. The month of June was selected for the test because severe environmental conditions were expected. The experimental variables encompassed in eight test sections were reinforcement of concrete (plain, polypropylene fiber–reinforced, and steel fiber–reinforced), use of shear connectors (nails and anchors), reinforcement, surface preparation, and day or night construction. A weather station was used to record air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. By combining these data with concrete temperatures, evaporation rates could be calculated. Several nondestructive testing methods were used to attempt to detect and map delaminations. The results developed from the test are presented in terms of observations during construction, weather and slab temperatures, coring and pull-off testing, delamination detection, cracking, and slab loading. Recommendations are made for construction and quality control of BCOs for early opening to traffic.

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Belentsov, Yuri A., and Liliya F. Kazanskaya. "Non-destructive methods of concrete quality control as factor in reliability of concrete and reinforced concrete structures in transport facilities." Transportation Systems and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2018): 058–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2018041058-067.

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Aim: The development of theory and practice of construction science leads to a need to enhance the basics of design, construction and operation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures. Despite significant progress, there is risk of collapse of different structures at various stages of their lifecycle. Current state of construction industry leads to a need to increase the quality and reliability of buildings and structures under construction. Methods: The authors have used methods of probabilistic forecasting in this work Results: The development of methods of construction materials control, particularly concrete and reinforced concrete, leads to a gradual implementation of non-destructive control methods. To assess the change of confidence and reliability coefficients of designed structures, the authors have substantiated the transition to probabilistic rationing of strength properties of concrete and reinforced concrete structures using classes. Also, the authors suggest implementation of non-destructive control methods. However, non-destructive control methods have a number of drawbacks, the key among these being the decrease of confidence coefficient while preparing a calibration curve, which drastically affects the results of quality control. It is possible to solve the problem by creating a set of control tests including both destructive and non-destructive quality control methods. This will provide systems for collecting testing information of high accuracy.

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Hooton, RD, and C. Ozyildirim. "Rapid Chloride Permeability Testing of Silica-Fume Concrete." Cement, Concrete and Aggregates 16, no. 1 (1994): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/cca10562j.

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Jacobsen, Stefan, Hans Christian Gran, Erik J. Sellevold, and Jon Arne Bakke. "High strength concrete — Freeze/thaw testing and cracking." Cement and Concrete Research 25, no. 8 (December 1995): 1775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00173-5.

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Wang, Zheng Jun, and Felix Zhao. "Applying Research on Testing Compressive Strength of High Performance Concrete with Rebound Method." Advanced Materials Research 452-453 (January 2012): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.452-453.106.

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In order to grasp timely and accurately quality of high performance concrete, detection of compressive strength of high performance concrete can be non-destructively, rapidly and accurately tested that is very testing index. The paper did some research on compressive strength of high performance concrete applying redound method that it established several estimation models between rebound value and compressive strength. Experiment shows that rebound method can effetely test compressive strength of high performance concrete. Construction quality of Cement concrete structure can timely grasp applying the method.

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Bodnárová, Lenka, Jitka Peterková, Jiri Zach, and Iveta Nováková. "Study of Heat Transport in Structure of Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 1000 (August 2014): 302–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1000.302.

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Current trend of construction of ring roads in large cities going often underground emphasizes safety of implementation and using of such constructions, which is closely connected to possible risks of a fire in these predominantly monolithic structures made from steel reinforced concrete. The paper gives results of the research focused on thermally-technical properties of cement based composite materials resistant to high temperature suitable for application in places with higher risk of fire, like secondary lining of tunnels or underground car parks. The aim was verification of appropriateness of testing mix-designs for application in structures possibly endangered by fire.

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Wang, Yu Qian, Shou Shan Cheng, Wan Heng Li, and Yi Li. "Investigation on the Index System for Durability of Concrete Bridges in Codes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 1577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.1577.

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This article surveys and studies the design, construction and verification codes related to durability of concrete bridges both home and abroad, contrastively analyzes their requirements on environmental effect, durability design, construction and testing indices, and finally brings up the durability index system suitable for Chinese concrete bridges which covers the four hierarchies of environment, material, components and structure, and also considers the three phases of design, construction and verification.

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Dolan, Charles W., and Stephen P. Pessiki. "Model Testing of Precast Concrete Connections." PCI Journal 34, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 84–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.03011989.84.103.

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Gao, Bai Feng, Hui Jian Li, and Li Xin Zhang. "A Combined Ultrasonic Wave Nondestructive Testing Technique for Defect Detection in Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 41-42 (April 2008): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.41-42.297.

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We describe the design and construction about the Ultrasonic method to determine the defects in concrete structure. The wave velocity and its energy are different when it transfers in the concrete material with various defects. The defects can then be detected according to the relative wave velocity and energy variations in concrete material. In the present paper, two methods contain both the wavelet analysis and the nerve network used to determine the relative wave energy change in concrete, and then we will evaluate the defects in material by energy change. The result shows that the present method can give an accurate measurement for the defects in concrete structure.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Concrete construction – Testing'

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