Relevant bibliographies by topics / Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models

Academic literature on the topic 'Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models"

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Belostotsky, Alexander M., Pavel A. Akimov, Andrey A. Aul, Dmitry S. Dmitriev, Yulia N. Dyadchenko, Alexander I. Nagibovich, Konstantin I. Ostrovsky, and Andrey S. Pavlov. "Analysis of Mechanical Safety of Stadiums for the World Cup 2018." Scientific journal “ACADEMIA. ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION”, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2077-9038-2018-3-118-129.

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It is obvious that contemporary design and construction of unique buildings and structures is unthinkable without mathematical (numerical) and computer modelling and advanced analysis ofload-bearing structures under various kinds ofloads and impacts. One of the most ambitious and important construction projects is the uniquelarge-span structures. These are, in particular, stadiums, sports palaces and water parks, shopping malls, pedestrian, road and railway bridges of various design solutions. The distinctive paper is devoted to theoretical foundations and results of mathematical (numerical) modeling of the state (in terms of the analysis of stress-strain state, strength and stability) of football stadiums built for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. Finite element method is used for approximation and high-precision numerical solution of corresponding boundary problems of structural mechanics. It is the most universal and powerful numerical method of mechanics. The paper, in particular, describes some features of development of finite element models and the main results of the analysis of the mechanical (structural) safety of three- dimensionallarge-span systems "soil foundation - reinforced concrete structures of foundations and stands - steel structures of the coating and facades" of these football stadiums with the basic and specialload combinations. In addition, the key procedures of scientific support during the corresponding expertise and assessments are outlined. Generally, socially significant and knowledge-intensive problem of providing mechanical (constructive) safety of unique combined objects of construction (three-dimensional systems "foundation - reinforced concrete structures of foundations and stands - steel structures of coating and facades") has been solved at a new level as a result of the performed complex of research works.
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Aniskin, Nikolai A., and Alexey M. Shaytanov. "A full-scale study on the thermal emissivity of concrete and application of its findings to verify ANSYS software package." Vestnik MGSU, no. 6 (June 2022): 727–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.6.727-737.

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Introduction. One of the most popular and complex areas in the design of massive concrete structures is the analysis of their thermal behaviour and thermal stress state. Hence, we can identify tasks related to the phased construction of massive concrete structures, such as gravity dams, massive foundations, bridge supports, etc. A large number of factors, influencing the thermal process, varying over time and depending, among other things, on temperature, determine the complexity of such tasks. The main factor, determining the thermal behaviour of mass concrete in the process of construction, is the exothermic heating of concrete, depending on the type and amount of cement used, as well as several process specifications. Today, such problems can be best solved using the numerical finite element method, implemented in numerous software products. One of them is ANSYS software package, which is widely used to analyze constructions and structures in respect of a full range of actual loadings and impacts. This paper presents the results of the field studies conducted to obtain the initial parameters and verify the precision of results obtained using mathematical modeling techniques of the ANSYS software package. Materials and methods. The authors describe a full-scale experiment that entails the concreting of a concrete testing block. During concrete placing and curing, temperature sensors time tested a temperature change inside the block and in the outside air. Also, studies were conducted using the numerical finite element method employed by the ANSYS software package. Results. The findings of a full-scale experiment were compared with the thermal behaviour analysis made by the ANSYS software package. The comparison has proven highly precise results. The maximum temperature difference at the selected points of the full-scale and numerical models does not exceed 0.6 %. Conclusions. The ANSYS software package solves complex tasks with high accuracy; it determines the thermal behaviour of massive concrete structures, taking into account the thermal emissivity during cement hydration.
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Hamidavi, Tofigh, Sepehr Abrishami, Pasquale Ponterosso, David Begg, and Nikos Nanos. "OSD." Construction Innovation 20, no. 2 (March 14, 2020): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-11-2019-0126.

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Purpose The paper aims to leverage the importance of the integrated automatic structural design for tall buildings at the early stage. It proposes to use an automatic prototype to perform the structural design, analysis and optimisation in a building information modelling (BIM)-based platform. This process starts with extracting the required information from the architectural model in Revit Autodesk, such as boundary conditions and designs different options of the structural models in Robot Autodesk. In this process, Dynamo for Revit is used to define the mathematical functions to use different variables and generate various structural models. The paper aims to expand the domain of automation in the BIM platform to reduce the iterative process in different areas such as conceptual structural design and collaboration between architects and structural engineers to reduce the time and cost at the early stages. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins with an exploratory research by adopting a qualitative methodology and using open-ended questions to achieve more information about the phenomenon of automation and interoperability between structural engineers and architects and gain new insight into this area. Furthermore, correlation research is used by adopting quantitative and short questions to compare the proposed prototype with the traditional process of the structural design and optimisation and the interoperability between architects and engineers and consequently, validate the research. Findings As an outcome of the research, a structural design optimisation (SDO) prototype was developed to semi-automate the structural design process of tall buildings at the early stages. Moreover, the proposed prototype can be used during the early stage of structural design in different areas such as residential buildings, bridges, truss, reinforced concrete detailing, etc. Moreover, comprehensive literature regarding using automation in structural design, optimisation process and interoperability between architects and engineers is conducted that provides a new insight to contribute to future research and development. Research limitations/implications Due to the time limit, the paper results may lack in a comprehensive automatic structural design process. Therefore, the researchers are encouraged to expand the workability of the prototype for a comprehensive automatic design check such as automatic design for the minimum deflection, displacement of different types of buildings. Practical implications The prototype includes implications for the development of different automatic designs. Originality/value The focus of this paper is the optimisation of the structural design in the BIM platform by using automation. This combination is one of the novelties of this paper, and the existing literature has a very limited amount of information and similar work in this area, especially interoperability between architects and engineers.
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Navarro, Miguel Gómez, and Jean-Paul Lebet. "Concrete Cracking in Composite Bridges: Tests, Models and Design Proposals." Structural Engineering International 11, no. 3 (August 2001): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686601780346922.

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Kovačević, Miljan, Nenad Ivanišević, Dragan Stević, Ljiljana Milić Marković, Borko Bulajić, Ljubo Marković, and Nikola Gvozdović. "Decision-Support System for Estimating Resource Consumption in Bridge Construction Based on Machine Learning." Axioms 12, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12010019.

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The paper presents and analyzes the state-of-the-art machine learning techniques that can be applied as a decision-support system in the estimation of resource consumption in the construction of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete road bridges. The formed database on the consumption of concrete in the construction of bridges, along with their project characteristics, was the basis for the formation of the assessment model. The models were built using information from 181 reinforced concrete bridges in the eastern and southern branches of Corridor X in Serbia, with a value of more than 100 million euros. The application of artificial neural network models (ANNs), models based on regression trees (RTs), models based on support vector machines (SVM), and Gaussian processes regression (GPR) were analyzed. The accuracy of each model is determined by multi-criterion evaluation against four accuracy criteria root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (R), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). According to all established criteria, the model based on GPR demonstrated the greatest accuracy in calculating the concrete consumption of bridges. According to the study, using automatic relevance determination (ARD) covariance functions results in the most accurate and optimal models and also makes it possible to see how important each input variable is to the model’s accuracy.
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Zeng, Qing Xiang, and Da Jian Han. "Selection of Concrete Creep Analytical Models for Modern Prestressed Bridges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 1023–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.1023.

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The modern prestressed concrete bridges have the characteristics of large-span, high concrete strength, reinforced volume prestress and linear shape complexity. The structure bearing capacity and durability are considerable impacted by concrete creep, such as stresses redistribution and deflections increase. Some of the prediction concrete creep models that are being widely used at present are briefly introduced in this paper. Based on the analysis of existing research achievement, for the aim of improving the calculation accuracy of creep effects in bridge structures, several main problems that should be paid attention to in concrete creep analysis are pointed out from four aspects: (1) in design stage, the reasonable creep prediction model should be selected in accord with the local building materials and environment conditions; (2) during the analysis of creep effects, the initial stresses state and the stresses redistribution should be attended; (3) the reliability of prestress loss calculation should be considered in analysis of concrete creep effects; (4) the differences between normal construction materials and that of new types should be taken into account in concrete creep analysis.
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Huang, Dongzhou, and Mohsen Shahawy. "Analysis of Tensile Stresses in Transfer Zone of Prestressed Concrete U-Beams." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1928, no. 1 (January 2005): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192800115.

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Prestressed U-beam bridges compare favorably in cost and appearance to traditional concrete I-beam bridges. Consequently, U-beam bridges are gaining in popularity and usage, especially when aesthetic issues are deemed important. U-beam bridges first appeared in Florida in 2000; however, during construction, cracks developed in the webs of the U-beams. This paper presents results of an analysis of representative cracking of U-beams and proposes a practical method for the transfer zone stirrup design. For the purpose of the analysis, the U-beam is divided into a series of finite shell-plate elements, and the prestressing tendons are simulated as a number of concentrated forces. Two different mechanical models of the U-beams are developed on the basis of the stages of construction. Analytical results show that high tensile stresses occur in the end zone of the U-beam because of the prestressing tendons and that these tensile stress must be properly considered in bridge design. The research results are applicable to the design of prestressed U-beams and similar types of prestressed girders.
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Ellobody, Ehab. "Finite element modelling and design of composite bridges with profiled steel sheeting." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 9 (December 1, 2016): 1406–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216678865.

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This article discusses the non-linear analysis and design of highway composite bridges with profiled steel sheeting. A three-dimensional finite element model has been developed for the composite bridges, which accounted for the bridge geometries, material non-linearities of the bridge components, bridge boundary conditions, shear connection, interactions among bridge components and bridge bracing systems. The simply supported composite bridge has a span of 48 m, a width of 13 m and a depth of 2.3 m. The bridge components were designed following the European code for steel–concrete composite bridges. The live load acting on the bridge was load model 1, which represents the static and dynamic effects of vertical loading due to normal road traffic as specified in the European code. The finite element model of the composite bridge was developed depending on additional finite element models, developed by the author, and validated against tests reported in the literature on full-scale composite bridges and composite bridge components. The tests had different geometries, different boundary conditions, different loading conditions and different failure modes. Failure loads, load–mid-span deflection relationships, load–end slip relationships, failure modes, stress contours of the composite bridge as well as of the modelled tests were predicted from the finite element analysis and compared well against test results. The comparison with test results has shown that the finite element models can be effectively used to provide more accurate analyses and better understanding for the behaviour and design of composite bridges with profiled steel sheeting. A parametric study was conducted on the composite bridge highlighting the effects of the change in structural steel strength and concrete strength on the behaviour and design of the composite bridge. This study has shown that the design rules specified in the European code are accurate and conservative for the design of highway steel–concrete composite bridges.
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Kubota, Satoshi, and Ichizou Mikami. "Development of Product Data Model for Maintenance in Concrete Highway Bridges." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/148785.

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The primary objective of this paper is to develop the product data models, in which systematic information is defined for accumulating, exchanging, and sharing in the maintenance of concrete highway bridges. The information requirement and existing issues and solutions were analyzed based on the life cycle and the standardization for sharing. The member data models and business data models that defined design and construction information and accumulated results information were developed. The maintenance business process in which project participants utilize the product data model was described as utilization scenario. The utilization frameworks which define information flow were developed.
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Marian, Stănescu Răzvan. "Steel and Concrete Elasto-Plastic Models at Bridges with Steel Beams Embedded in Concrete." Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjti-2018-0004.

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Abstract For new railway bridges with short spans (L ≤ 35.00 m) superstructures with steel beams embedded in concrete are recommended or used, which can ensure the requirements of strength and stiffness in particular, regardless of velocity. They are built relatively easily compared to reinforced concrete structures or steel structures, they have high durability if designed, built and maintained correctly and don’t have high sensitivity to fatigue degradation in service. They are also used for road bridges when it is desired to achieve a reduced construction height. In all the design prescriptions used so far for structures with steel beams embedded in concrete, the calculation is a simplified one, made on a single insulated longitudinal beam of the deck, if certain conditions related to the geometry of the structure are met (obliquity, curvature). Simplifications are also made regarding the state of deformation of the decks made in this constructive solution by introducing an effective moment of inertia in the displacement calculation, as an average of the inertia moments of the cross section considered to be cracked and respectively un-cracked. The article aims to validate steel and concrete elasto-plastic models, based on an experiment from the technical literature, necessary for complex analyses of the percentage of concrete involved in the stiffness of the cross-sections, in case of bridges with steel beams embedded in concrete.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models"

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Hon, Alan 1976. "Compressive membrane action in reinforced concrete beam-and-slab bridge decks." Monash University, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5629.

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Chen, Jou-Jun Robert. "Load and resistance factor design of shallow foundations for bridges." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44627.

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Load Factor Design (LFD), adopted by AASHTO in the mid-1970, is currently used for bridge superstructure design. However, the AASHTO specifications do not have any LFD provisions for foundations. In this study, a LFD format for the design of shallow foundations for bridges is developed.

Design equations for reliability analysis are formulated. Uncertainties in design parameters for ultimate and serviceability limit states are evaluated. A random field model is employed to investigate the combined inherent spatial variability and systematic error for serviceability limit state. Advanced first order second moment method is then used to compute reliability indices inherent in the current AASHTO specifications. Reliability indices for ultimate and serviceability limit states with different safety factors and dead to live load ratios are investigated. Reliability indices for ultimate limit state are found to be in the range of 2.3 to 3.4, for safety factors between 2 and 3. This is shown to be in good agreement with Meyerhof's conclusion (1970). Reliability indices for serviceability limit state are found to be in the range of 0.43 to 1.40, for ratios of allowable to actual settlement between 1.0 to 2.0. This appears to be in good agreement with what may be expected. Performance factors are then determined using target reliability indices selected on the basis of existing risk levels.


Master of Science
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Lam, Wai-yin, and 林慧賢. "Plate-reinforced composite coupling beams: experimental and numerical studies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37311797.

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Ko, Chun-Hung. "Systems reliability analysis of bridge superstructures." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1995.

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Senthilvasan, Jeevanandam. "Dynamic response of curved box girder bridges." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1997.

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Swatzel, James Paul. "A partial differential equation to model the Tacoma Narrows Bridge failure." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2631.

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The purpose of this thesis was to examine a partial differential equation to model the Tacoma Narrows bridge failure. This thesis will examine the equation developed by Lazer and McKenna to model a suspension bridge in no wind.
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Seracino, R. (Rudolf). "Partial-interaction behaviour of composite steel-concrete bridge beams subjected to fatigue loading / by Rudolf Seracino." 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19519.

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Bibliography: leaves 140-144.
xix, 156 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Determines the effect of partial-interaction and interfacial friction on the fatigue behaviour of composite bridge beams and develops a set of design rules for the assessment of the residual strength and performance of composite bridge beams.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999
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Seracino, R. (Rudolf). "Partial-interaction behaviour of composite steel-concrete bridge beams subjected to fatigue loading / by Rudolf Seracino." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19519.

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Bibliography: leaves 140-144.
xix, 156 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
Determines the effect of partial-interaction and interfacial friction on the fatigue behaviour of composite bridge beams and develops a set of design rules for the assessment of the residual strength and performance of composite bridge beams.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1999
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Mursi, Mohanad Civil &amp Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The behaviour and design of thin walled concrete filled steel box columns." 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40494.

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This thesis investigates the behaviour of hollow and concrete filled steel columns fabricated from thin steel plates. The columns are investigated under axial, uniaxial and biaxial loading. The currently available international standards for composite structures are limited to the design of concrete filled steel columns with compact sections and yield stress of steel up to 460 N/mm2. This thesis consists of both experimental and analytical studies and design recommendations for future use. Three comprehensive series of experimental tests are conducted on hollow and concrete filled steel columns. The principal parameters that have been considered in the test programmes are the slenderness of the component plates, the yield stress of the steel and the loading conditions. In the first test series, three slender hollow steel columns and three slender composite columns are tested under uniaxial loading. The steel utilised is mild steel. High strength steel is utilised in the second test programme. In this test series four stub columns, eight short columns and eight slender columns are tested, each set consists of four hollow and four composite columns. Short columns are tested under axial loading to investigate the confinement effect provided by the steel casing. Slender columns are tested under uniaxial loading to investigate the coupled instability of local and global buckling. The third test programme is quite novel and considers the behaviour of hollow and concrete filled steel columns fabricated with high strength structural steel plate and subjected to biaxial bending. In this test eight short columns and ten slender columns each of them consisting of hollow and composite columns are investigated under biaxial loading. Analytical models are developed herein to elucidate the behaviour of the hollow and composite columns considering cross section slenderness, yield stress and loading conditions. An iterative model considering the coupled global and local buckling in the elastic and plastic range incorporating material nonlinearities is developed to investigate the behaviour of slender columns fabricated from mild steel. An improved deformation control model is developed to investigate the behaviour of slender high strength steel columns considering the confinement effect and local and post-local buckling in the elastic and plastic range. Then a numerical model for biaxial bending is developed to study the behaviour of short and slender concrete filled high strength steel columns under biaxial loading incorporating interaction buckling considering material and geometric nonlinearities. The scope of the thesis presents a wide range of experimental and theoretical studies of an extremely novel nature. It demonstrates the benefit of confinement and the consideration of local and post-local buckling in the elastic and plastic range. It is hoped that this research will contribute to the area of composite steel-concrete structural applications.
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Lee, Seung Ha. "Application of the perfectly matched layers for seismic soil-structure interaction analysis in the time domain." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20488.

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Books on the topic "Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models"

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Sergienko, V. N. Postroenie optimalʹnoĭ serii mostovykh konstrukt︠s︡iĭ. I︠A︡roslavlʹ: [publisher not identified], 2012.

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Weseli, Jerzy. Teoretyczne podstawy opisu i analizy uogólnionego modelu układu most-środowisko. Gliwice: Dział Wydawnictw Politechniki Śląskiej, 1987.

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Copp, Howard D. Scour at bridge piers: Final report, Research Project GC8287, Task 4, Scour at Bridge Piers. [Olympia, Wash.?]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Planning, Research and Public Transportation Division in cooperation with the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1988.

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Bień, Jan. Modelowanie obiektów mostowych w procesie ich eksploatacji. Wrocław: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, 2002.

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Grasty, R. L. The design, construction, and application of concrete models for calibrating borehole gamma-ray spectrometers. Ottawa, Canada: Geological Survey of Canada, 1993.

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Pettinga, J. Didier. Dynamic behaviour of reinforced concrete frames designed with direct displacement- based design. Pavia: Rose school, 2005.

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USSD Committee on Earthquakes. Numerical models for seismic evaluation of concrete dams: Review, evaluation and interpretation of results. Denver, CO: U.S. Society on Dams, 2008.

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Copp, Howard D. Localized scour at bridge piers on graded particle streambeds: Final report for Research Project GC-8720, Task 1, "Bridge Pier--Riverbed Scour". [Olympia, Wash.?]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, Washington State Transportation Commission, in cooperation with the U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1991.

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Copp, Howard D. Riverbed scour at bridge piers: Final report, research project Y-3400, Task 4. [Olympia, WA: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1987.

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Calzona, R. La ricerca non ha fine: Il ponte sullo Stretto di Messina : la storia ideale del collegamento stabile tra l'Italia peninsulare e la Sicilia = The Messina Strait bridge : the history of the fixed link between mainland Italy and Sicily. Roma: DEI, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models"

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Fragkakis, Nikolaos, Sergios Lambropoulos, and John-Paris Pantouvakis. "A Computer-Aided Conceptual Cost Estimating System for Pre-Stressed Concrete Road Bridges." In Civil and Environmental Engineering, 563–75. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9619-8.ch024.

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The need for an environmentally friendly design of modern motorways increases the construction of bridges, which has exhibited substantial overruns above estimated costs. Therefore, easy to use, inexpensive and accurate methods for conceptual cost estimating are needed. This paper presents a computer-aided cost estimating system for pre-stressed concrete road bridges that provides estimates of the material quantities and cost of all bridge elements. It relies on a database incorporating actual data collected from recently constructed bridges and exploits material estimating models developed with statistical analysis. Different configurations are devised from short to long-span bridges, accounting for the major deck construction methods and foundation systems. The system can be easily used to provide different cost estimates to the owner, designer and contractor during the project's early stages. By allowing reliable cost estimates in a short time, the proposed computer-aided system represents a useful decision making tool.
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Conference papers on the topic "Concrete bridges – Design and construction – Mathematical models"

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Wang, Zhongjie, Shaoqiang Zhang, Yangxun Ou, Gaojie Zhong, Ao Wang, Zongkai Zhang, and Limin Sun. "Study on temperature field effects on RC high-pier bridge." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0376.

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<p>Temperature is one of the essential factors that cause dynamic characteristics changes in concrete bridges. However, the study of temperature-induced structural frequency changes relies on a large number of measured data to establish a frequency-temperature mathematical model. The selection of temperature variables is arbitrary. This paper takes a concrete high-pier rigid-framed bridge under construction in China as the research object. Based on the continuous 120-day measured weather data at the bridge site, the finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the bridge's temperature and frequency history without considering the crack and other damage conditions. A regression analysis model of frequency and temperature variables was established. The study found that the selection of temperature variables and mathematical models influences the frequency-temperature mathematical relationship; for high-pier bridges. Establishing a multiple linear regression model with air temperature and point temperature of the main girder and piers as variables can obtain an ideal fitting result.</p>
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Wang, Zhongjie, Shaoqiang Zhang, Yangxun Ou, Gaojie Zhong, Ao Wang, Zongkai Zhang, and Limin Sun. "Study on temperature field effects on RC high-pier bridge." In IABSE Congress, Ghent 2021: Structural Engineering for Future Societal Needs. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/ghent.2021.0376.

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<p>Temperature is one of the essential factors that cause dynamic characteristics changes in concrete bridges. However, the study of temperature-induced structural frequency changes relies on a large number of measured data to establish a frequency-temperature mathematical model. The selection of temperature variables is arbitrary. This paper takes a concrete high-pier rigid-framed bridge under construction in China as the research object. Based on the continuous 120-day measured weather data at the bridge site, the finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the bridge's temperature and frequency history without considering the crack and other damage conditions. A regression analysis model of frequency and temperature variables was established. The study found that the selection of temperature variables and mathematical models influences the frequency-temperature mathematical relationship; for high-pier bridges. Establishing a multiple linear regression model with air temperature and point temperature of the main girder and piers as variables can obtain an ideal fitting result.</p>
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Gagné, Martin, Bernardo Duran, and Martin van Leeuwen. "Economical Steel Bridges." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.0136.

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<p>Steel is an economical choice for bridge construction for a number of reasons, including its high strength, its light weight, as well as its resiliency in the face of extreme weather events or natural disasters. Duplex zinc coatings for steel structures consist of a metallic zinc coating, typically hot dip galvanized (HDG) or thermal sprayed zinc (TSZ), painted with a protective organic coating. The time to first maintenance of a duplex coating can easily be twice the life of the individual metallic zinc and paint coatings alone. Life-cycle cost modeling compares material and design alternatives over the entire life of the structure. Life cycle costs models have shown the benefits of using duplex zinc coatings for corrosion protection to reduce the total cost of ownership of steel bridges, as well as to show that steel bridges are competitive with concrete structures for short spans.</p>
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Nessa, Kristin, Trond E. Eggen, and Svein Erik Jakobsen. "Parametrization and BrIM in large infrastructure projects – project study from RV3/25 Norway." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1866.

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<p>RV 3/25 is a large infrastructure project consisting of a new 25 km highway in Hedmark County in Norway. The project is organized as a PPP-project and includes 20 concrete bridges and 8 timber glulam arch bridges.</p><p>In the project the use of BIM-models and parameterization has been significant and has evolved greatly throughout the project. The work ranged from macro BIM with large coordination models with all disciplines included, to micro BIM-models for bridges including all details needed for construction. For 5 concrete bridges, the BIM-model was the only product delivered to the contractor without producing design or construction drawings.</p><p>For the 8 glulam arch bridges in timber, parameterization was employed for establishing both the BIM-models and the analysis models. This was vital to achieving the goal of following the strict design schedule with a small design team. It also proved very valuable in the shaping phase of the bridges. Between 80% and 90% of the objects in the finalized BIM-models were included in the parameterization. The product delivered to the contractor was design drawings, most of which were generated directly from the BIM-model, thus benefiting from its advantages.</p><p>The use of BIM has proved to be cost and time-efficient during design. This paper presents the challenges and benefits of using parameterization and BIM in a large infrastructure project with focus on bridge design.</p>
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Rincon, Luis F., Álvaro Viviescas, Gustavo Chio, Edison Osorio, and Carlos Riveros. "Comparative analysis for monitoring long-term behavior of box girder bridges in Colombia." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2114.

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<p>The use of prestressed concrete (PSC) box girder bridges built by segmentally balanced cast-in-place cantilevers has spread massively due to noticeable advantages over traditional. However, excessive deflections have been observed in 10-years old constructed bridges worldwide which have been designed based on old international code standards that underestimated rheological effects. To guarantee 100-year design life of bridges, it is necessary to have a periodic monitoring system that validates in-service performance. In Colombia there is a necessity to study in-service performance of this type of bridges after its construction, which is the main solution for structures with spans ranging from 80 m to 200 m, therefore this study seeks to propose a procedure to estimate the long-time behavior of box girder bridges in Colombia considering construction data scarcity. Therefore, altimetry data measured from a newly constructed bridge is collected, and the rheological effects of the structure are predicted using models previously developed and validated. Finally, a comparative analysis is carried out and guidelines are provided to propose a practical monitoring framework that guarantees adequate in-service bridge performance.</p>
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Fang, Yao-Min, and Jun-Ping Pu. "Field Tests and Simulation of Lion-Head River Bridge." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71283.

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Lion-Head River Bridge is a parallel twin bridge. The East Bridge was designed and constructed as a traditional prestressed concrete box of bridge (Pot Bearings); and the West Bridge used seismic isolation devices (Lead Rubber Bearings). The behaviors of these two bridges are compared with each other through several field tests including the ambient vibration test, the force vibration test induced by shakers, and the free vibration test induced by push and fast release devices. During the period of this construction, the East and West bridges were strongly damaged by Chi-Chi and Chi-I earthquakes and had been retrofitted. The damage changed the natural frequencies of the bridges, which was explored from the ambient vibration test. The models of the two bridges are simulated by finite element method according to the original design and the soil-structure interaction was put into consideration in the models. Simulations were modified based on the results of the every test in the field. The dynamic parameters of the bridges are identified and compared with those from the theoretical simulation. The efficiency of isolated bridge is observed and verified.
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Alsomiri, Mujahed, and Zhao Liu. "Investigation on the Flexural Behavior of Reinforced UHPC T-Beams with Different Tensile Strain-Hardening Properties of Base Materials." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0240.

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<p>Ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) has been broadly endorsed for many applications in the construction industry due to its superior mechanical properties and excellent durability. Nevertheless, UHPC utilization as full and large structural components is still limited due to the lack of standardized design guidelines and consistent mechanical models. This study presents a numerical investigation on the flexural behavior of UHPC T-beams under the influence of the tensile grade of UHPC, and the reinforcement ratio. The behavior is studied under three conditions relating the UHPC tensile strain to the reinforcement yielding strain. That is, UHPC peak tensile strain is smaller than, equal to, or larger than the yielding strain of the rebar, reflecting the sequence of crack localization and yielding of rebars. Each condition is examined against a reinforcement ratio ranging from low to high ratio. The nonlinear finite element modeling approach is validated by experimental data available in the literature.</p>
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Tortoriello, Miguel A., Luis J. Lima, Ana C. Cobas, and Renso A. Cichero. "Timber bodies strength of materials: Fundamental principles, test specimens proposal." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.1112.

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<p>To reduce the economic cost of a Timber Structure, the first condition is to have a “rational” Structural Code, that is, a Code supported by research and a specific theory. To establish a rational Structural Timber Code, a specific theoretical support is needed. The objective of this paper is to cooperate in the construction of this theoretical support. To design timber structures, it is necessary to have mathematical models able to reproduce the resistance of timber bodies under different solicitations. In this paper, a “road map” to arrive to a specific Strength of Materials of Timber Bodies is proposed. This theory will be the tool needed to develop the mathematical models whose quantification will be obtained by testing “basic test specimens” obtained from timber of any particular timber building (like in concrete or soil mechanics). Finally, a “basic test specimen” for practical application of the theory is proposed. In this case, the experimental support is referred to “willow” wood.</p>
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Danisˇka, Vladimir, Jozef Pri´trsky´, Frantisˇek Ondra, Matej Zachar, and Vladimi´r Necˇas. "Reuse of Conditional Released Materials From Decommissioning: A Review of Approaches and Scenarios With Long-Term Constructions." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59149.

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Paper presents the overall scope and actual results of the project for evaluation of representative scenarios for reuse of conditionally released materials from decommissioning. Aim of the project is to evaluate the possibilities of reuse of conditionally released steels and concrete in technical constructions which guarantee the long-term preservation of design properties over periods of 50–100 years. Interaction of conditionally released materials with public is limited and predictable due to design and purpose of selected constructions and due to fact that in many scenarios these materials are embedded in non-radioactive materials such as bars in reinforced concrete. Worker’s scenarios for preparation, operation and maintenance of these constructions are analysed in detail including the manufacturing of elements for these constructions. Project aims to evaluate the scenarios of reuse of conditionally released materials in a complex way in order to develop the data for designers of scenarios and to evaluate the volumes of conditionally released materials based on facility (to be decommissioned) inventory data. The long-term constructions considered are bridges, tunnels, roads, railway constructions, industrial buildings, power industry equipment and others. Evaluation covers following areas: • Analysis of activities for manufacturing of reinforcement bars, rolled steel sheets and other steel elements and analysis of activities for construction of evaluated scenarios in order to evaluate the external exposure of professionals performing these activities; • Analysis of external exposure of professionals involved in operation and maintenance of the long-term constructions; analysis of external exposure of public groups which are exposed to evaluated constructions; • Analysis of internal exposure of public groups from the radionuclides released from the evaluated scenarios based on models for migration of radionuclides from the long-term constructions to critical groups of public; • Based on evaluation of external and internal exposure both for public and workers, maximal concentration of individual radionuclides is defined for construction elements of evaluated scenarios, manufactured from conditionally released materials; • Evaluation of volumes of steels and concrete in the frame of a decommissioning project which fulfil the defined radioactivity concentration limits. Visiplan 4.0 3D ALARA software is used for evaluation of external exposure of professionals and public, GOLDSIM software for evaluation of internal exposure of public and OMEGA code for evaluation of volumes of conditionally releasable materials. Several other parallel papers proposed for ICEM 11 are presenting selected details of the project.
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