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Burnett, R. "Conceptualisation of personal relationships." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379886.
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Van, Niekerk Cordi. "Building a model to improve front end project conceptualisation: introducing the Project Conceptualisation Canvas." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32368.
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Project management has seen significant growth which has been beneficial to academics and practitioners in the field alike. However, the alarming trend of project underperformance continues. This points to an apparent relevance gap in Project Management. One of the areas that has been highlighted as an important area for further study to improve this situation is project front end management. Using Design Science as research methodology, the knowledge contribution of this research is an artefact called, the Project Conceptualisation Canvas. The Project Conceptualisation Canvas represents a process to be followed to ensure that the conceptualisation phases of potential projects are adequately performed. The Project Conceptualisation Canvas was developed using as input the results of the systematic review of literature on the typical challenges that occur during project conceptualisation. The Project Conceptualisation Canvas was evaluated through two sets of focus groups which confirmed that it contributes towards the improvement of project conceptualisation practice. The relevance of the contribution of the Project Conceptualisation Canvas is that it will improve decision making during the project conceptualisation and selection process which will ultimately result into improved project delivery and reduced opportunity cost that results from underperforming projects.
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Macdonald, Emma K. Marketing Australian School of Business UNSW. "Consumer savvy: conceptualisation and measurement." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Marketing, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43795.
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Against the backdrop of the interconnected global marketplace and the resulting decrease in consumer-firm information asymmetry, an increasingly prevalent assumption is that consumers are "empowered" and "savvy". However there are contrary findings that consumers are not empowered but feel "trapped", "victimised" and "manipulated" in interacting with firms. Additionally, while the notion of a growing base of increasingly competent consumers has captured the collective imagination, it is important with any social trend to consider variance that may occur due to individual characteristics. With the aim of establishing the truth-status of "consumer savvy" this study addresses the following questions: (1) What are the dimensions of consumer savvy? (2) Is savvy invariant across genders and age groups? (3) Does savvy affect consumers' approach to the consumer-firm interaction? (3a) Does it relate to desire for co-creation? (3b) Does it relate to perceptions of value in interacting with the firm? (3c) Does it increase the likelihood of consumer activism activities? (4) Are the effects of consumer savvy moderated by: (4a) the hedonic-utilitarian characteristics of products? or (4b) the technological innovativeness of products? In addressing these questions, the initial emphasis is on establishing a conceptualisation of the characteristics of the savvy consumer. These characteristics are operationalised as a six dimensional "SAVVY" scale which becomes the focus of validation, assessment and application. The new scale's factorial (item-level) measurement equivalence is established for gender. However, measurement non-invariance is found for Gen X versus Baby Boomer consumers, hence caution is required when using it as a generational profiling tool. A vignette experiment to test the scale's predictive validity found that high-savvy consumers have significantly greater desire to engage in co-creation, are significantly more likely to perceive value in the interaction, and are significantly more likely to engage in word-of-web, but are not more likely to complain, than low-savvy consumers. The findings have implications for researchers and practitioners interested in the potential for consumer-centric marketing approaches. The two key contributions are the development of a framework for conceptualising consumer savvy and the operationalisation and validation ofthe SAVVY scale as a tool for prediction and population profiling.
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Evans, Lydia. "The triarchic conceptualisation of psychopathy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665479.
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This thesis examines the triarchic conceptualisation of psychopathy, mainly through the operationalization of a self-report tool the Trial'chic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM, Patrick, 2010). Following an introduction, chapter two presents a systematic review exploring how self-repOlt measures compare against other well validated measures of psychopathy; Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) and the PCL-SV (Halt, Cox & Hare, 1995). The review demonstrates that whilst they have their strengths, selfrepOlt measures need fmther development. Chapter three details a critical review of the TriPM. This explores the reliability, validity and clinical application of the tool. The strengths and limitation are discussed. Chapter four details an empirical research study testing the construct validity of the TriPM in a sample of personality disordered offenders. Analysis revealed significant relationships between the TriPM constructs and other conceptually relevant measures. Chapter five presents a case study detailing the assessment of personality and risk of intimate partner violence in an adult male community offender. A discussion of the work concludes the thesis.
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Ganaras, Konstantinos. "La conceptualisation des équilibres chimiques." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0040.
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Ce travail de recherche en didactique des sciences physiques étudie le registre empirique dans sa spécificité et son articulation avec le processus de conceptualisation des équilibres chimiques dans le contexte de l'enseignement scientifique. Le concept d'équilibre chimique que l'on peut qualifier d'"intégrateur" réorganise tout un ensemble de descriptions faites auparavant dans d'autres termes, efface des ruptures entre des catégories trop figées des phénomènes chimiques et s'appuie sur une représentation dynamique du milieu réactionnel. Il permet de rationaliser de nombreuses actions qui sont mises en oeuvre dans des protocoles opératoires et des techniques. Il semble pourtant qu'un tel outil soit difficile à construire et qu'en fin de parcours universitaire peu d'étudiants le mobilisent de façon systématique et efficace. La première partie est descriptive. Elle situe la problématique de ce travail par rapport aux recherches antérieures sur les équilibres chimiques. Elle tente de cerner et d'objectiver la maîtrise qu'ont les étudiants de CAPES, futurs enseignants, de ce concept. Le registre de connaissances que ces étudiants choisissent et appliquent de façon préférentielle est déterminé, la disponibilité de la représentation dynamique des phénomènes chimiques sous - jacente est evaluée ainsi que dans quelle mesure les connaissances techniques et opératoires ont été restructurées par ce concept. La deuxième partie est prospective. Ayant mis en évidence les obstacles "didactiques" (analyse brève des programmes scolaires et de quelques manuels) et leur articulation aux obstacles épistémologiques (analyse historique), nous proposons de repérer quelques précurseurs du concept d'équilibre chimique. Une étude qualitative auprès d'élèves du collège permet de juger de la disponibilité de tels précurseurs qui pourraient servir de structure d'accueil au concept d'équilibre chimiqueThis research in science education applied to chemistry studies empirical and technical chemical knowledge and how it is related to the conceptualization of chemical equilibrium. The concept of chemical equilibrium, which may be called an integrating concept, reorganises a whole lot of discriptions that were previously expressed in other terms, it obliterates the clashes between set classifications of chemical phenomena and it is inspired by a dynamic representation of chemical system. It contributes to rationalizing many processes involved in scientific tests and technics. Such an aid seems however difficult to establish, and few students able to use it in a systematic and efficient way eyen at the end of their university training. Our research is divided into two different parts. The first one is descriptive. It plans the issue of our research along the line of previous studies on chemical equilibrium. It aims at an objectivation concerning the way students training to be teachers handle and control this concept. We have tried to account for the different levels of knowledge these students select and choose to apply, to evaluate to what extent an underlying dynamical representation of chemical phenomenun is available to them, and to what degree their technical and operating knowledge has been improved by this concept. The second part is prospective. After having pointed out the didactical difficulties (with a brief analysis of school curriculum and textbooks) and how they are related to epistemological difficulties (through a historical analysis) our purpose is to distinguish a few precursory elements relating to the chemical equilibrium concept. A qualitative study of secondary school pupils has allowed us to account for such precursory elements that can be useful as a structural basis for the building up of the chemical equilibrium concept
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Malabry, Yvan. "Médiation, conceptualisation, pratiques des enseignants." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H023.
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Nous avons étudié les pratiques des enseignants, à l'école élémentaire, en mathématiques, dans le domaine numérique. Nous avons recueilli 74 protocoles lors de nos observations de classe. Nous les avons regroupés en trois champs conceptuels décrits par Vergnaud : les structures additives, le calcul et la numération et les structures multiplicatives. Nous y avons ensuite, analysé la médiation des enseignants en fonction de paramètres liés à la conceptualisation, rangés dans trois parties, en étroite interaction, que nous appelons : le temps d'apprentissage, le temps d'enseignement et le temps de développement. Nous arrivons à une classification montrant huit "styles de médiation". Des styles basés sur une transmission des savoirs. D'autres faisant appel à l'utilisation de formes de guidage selon les fonctions d'étayage des processus d'interaction de tutelle, de Bruner. Des styles hybrides, instaurant la dévolution de problèmes aux élèves, et avec des formes de guidage. Et, des styles contribuant à une dévolution des problèmes aux élèves, selon les situations envisagées par Brousseau. Nous pensons qu'il est possible de s'appuyer sur ces éléments de classification pour trouver des alternativesWe studied the teacher's practices, in primary school, in the numerical field of mathematics. We gathered 74 protocols that we during our observations into the classrooms. We classified these protocols in three conceptual fields, referring to Vergnaud : additive structures, arithmetic and numeration, and multiplicative structures. We analysed the teacher's mediation in connection with elements of the conceptualisation, enter in the composition of three parts in very closely interactive : the "learning time", "the teaching time" and "the development time". We come to a classification showing eight different "mediation styles". Styles based on the knowledge trasmission. Styles call up the use of guiding forms referring to Bruner's "supporting functions", in the processes of tutelage's interaction. Styles make use of guiding forms and setting up problem's devolution for the pupils. Styles bring to an organisation following several phases in which functions in knowledge are different, with problem's devolution for the pupils, close to the situations described by Brousseau. We think that it's possible to rely upon these classification elements to propose alternatives in the teacher's practices
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Bruno, Sandra. "Raisonnement par analogie et conceptualisation." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H005.
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La perspective de cette thèse est de proposer une description de la dynamique cognitive à l'œuvre lorsque le sujet construit un nouveau savoir en s'appuyant sur une analogie, qu'il est aussi en train de construire. La position épistémologique est avancée au cours des trois premiers chapitres, qui adopte une théorie des représentations du sujet considérées dans leurs interactions avec l'environnement physique et social. Un modèle de l'analogie entre systèmes modifiés est introduit, propice à l'étude des activités de modélisation scientifique : un nouveau morphisme est dérivé des transformations analogues d'un premier morphisme. Deux recherches, dont les résultats sont présentés dans les cinq chapitres suivants, ont été réalisées dans le cadre de travaux pratiques en sciences physiques, en premier cycle universitaire. Les systèmes étudies par les étudiants sont analogues du point de vue de l'équation décrivant leur évolution vers l'équilibre : transfert de chaleur, conduction électrique et écoulement hydraulique. La première recherche analyse, sur la base d'entretiens menés avec les étudiants, leurs représentations des analogies spontanément réalisées à partir de leurs manipulations expérimentales. Nous montrons que ces représentations concernent différents registres cognitifs : le registre des invariants opératoires pour l'identification des objets, des évènements et des lois ; le registre des situations pour la délimitation du domaine de validité de l'analogie ; et le registre des signifiants (exploitation des formalismes, et des particularités de la langue). La seconde recherche analyse les processus cognitifs mobilises dans une activité de simulation d'un phénomène complexe dérivé d'un phénomène simple. Nous montrons le passage d'une modélisation analogique à une modélisation conceptuelle. En conclusion, le raisonnement par analogie engagerait les registres cognitifs les moins élaborés concernant un domaine à tirer parti de leurs équivalents d'un autre domaine.
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Middleton, Simon C. "Mental toughness : conceptualisation and measurement." Thesis, View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/18959.
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Major challenges facing sport psychology researchers, practitioners, coaches, and athletes include understanding mental toughness and knowing how to train for it. Athletes and coaches have long identified mental toughness as an important attribute for performance. Practitioners have devised training approaches for mental toughness—often based on anecdotal notions of what mental toughness is and how it should be developed. The research available on mental toughness is scarce, with only a few recent but limited advances. Fundamental to the challenge of understanding and training mental toughness, there is a critical need for research to develop a model of mental toughness that is not based on anecdote, but rather on sound research methods and theoretical underpinnings. Following on from conceptualisation, there is a need to develop an instrument to measure mental toughness. Taken together, a conceptual model and a measurement approach are the tools needed by researchers to develop and test mental toughness training programs. The purpose of this thesis was to address some of these issues by capitalising on the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative methods to: (a) critically examine a popular test of mental toughness; (b) determine specific characteristics of mental toughness and understand the interrelationship between those characteristics; (c) develop a model of mental toughness that draws together specific characteristics; (d) produce a mental toughness definition; (e) develop the Mental Toughness Inventory, a robust and valid instrument that demonstrates a sound factor structure, strong reliabilities, and invariance across gender, age, and level of competition (i.e., demonstrating within-network validity); and (f) determine the relative congruence between scores on the Mental Toughness Inventory and theoretically related constructs (i.e., demonstrating between-network validity). In line with these aims, Study 1 evaluated the psychometric properties of an existing, popular, and yet unsubstantiated test of mental toughness—the Psychological Performance Inventory (PPI). Given the breadth and depth of mental toughness as evidenced by the literature, the PPI was not expected to provide a reasonable model. Instead, the study was intended to inform the researcher on the psychometric strengths of the PPI and guide the development of a new measure of mental toughness throughout the remainder of the thesis. The PPI was examined using both within-network and between-network validity checks and responses from 263 student-athletes in Years 7–12 (12 to 19 years of age). Study 2 was a qualitative study that examined the interview data of over 30 elite sportspeople to determine the characteristics of mental toughness. The purpose of this study was to develop a conceptual model and definition of mental toughness that draws together all the characteristics in a way that adds meaning and clarity to the concept. The purpose of Studies 3 and 4 was to construct, refine, and validate the Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI)—a measure of mental toughness emanating from the findings of Studies 1 and 2. Studies 3 and 4 critically examined the construct validity of the MTI using both within-network and between-network validation on the basis of responses from institution-based athletes (from sports programs such as those run by the Australian Institute of Sport) and school-based athletes (from a selective sports high school). Furthermore, Studies 3 and 4 provided the scope to examine invariance of the mental toughness factor structure across groups, group mean-level differences, and interaction effects. The results of Study 1 provided a number of insights into the status of the PPI, raised an interesting conundrum regarding the interface between conceptualisation and instrumentation, and provided guidance for instrument development that would become the empirical basis of subsequent quantitative studies. The qualitative results of Study 2 unearthed a multidimensional model of mental toughness, containing 12 first-order factors each of which contribute to a higher order (or Global) mental toughness factor. The 12 mental toughness characteristics identified are: self-efficacy, potential, mental self-concept, value, personal bests, commitment, stress minimisation, perseverance, positive comparisons, positivity, task familiarity, and task focus. Study 3 involved the construction of the Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI), with results revealing excellent validity from a within-network perspective (including confirmatory factor analysis, goodness of fit, internal reliability, and invariance across groups). Study 4 results revealed that MTI factors correlated more strongly with theoretically-related concepts and less strongly with unrelated concepts—thus demonstrating between-network validity (convergent and discriminant). Study 4 also revealed a number of significant main effects of age (favouring older athletes), gender (favouring male athletes) and group (a contextual effect where institution-based athletes rate themselves more ―rigorously relative to strong contextual effects, which need to be carefully considered when assessing and developing mental toughness. For sporting organisations, this research points to a number of things that can be done at an institutional level—particularly in relation to creating an environment that is most likely to facilitate the positive development of various components of mental toughness. Finally, for research and continued theorising about mental toughness, the findings from this thesis support viewing mental toughness as a combination of cognitive, behavioural, and emotive processes that work together in combating adversity or pressure. Taken together, the conceptualising and empirical works conducted in this study are proposed to advance the field of research—creating opportunities to study the effectiveness of interventions designed to enhance mental toughness. Furthermore, the results provide practitioners, coaches, and athletes with a concrete understanding of mental toughness such that they are better equipped to devise training approaches and to handle pressure and adversity en route to athletic success.
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Middleton, Simon C. "Mental toughness conceptualisation and measurement /." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/18959.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007.A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, School of Psychology, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Psychology). Includes bibliography.
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MEISSONIER, Régis. "Organisations virtuelles : Conceptualisation, Ingéniérie et pratiques." Phd thesis, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002516.
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Le concept d'organisation virtuelle est souvent associé dans la littérature scientifique, comme dans la presse journalistique, à des entreprises dont l'existence même des activités est liée à celle des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (NTIC) : Start-ups sur Internet, sites portails sur le Web, etc. Cette seule perspective institutionnelle est-elle satisfaisante ? Une telle attention accordée aux formes d'organisations virtuelles les plus abouties, ne nous conduit-elle pas à négliger d'autres perspectives plus ingéniériques ? Ne convient-il pas de se demander si un ensemble plus large d'entreprises ne se situerait pas dans une période de transition ? Les travaux menés sur le sujet sont effectivement assez récents (début des années 90) et le manque de recul théorique attire notre attention sur nombre d'ambiguïtés et d'interrogations méritant de sérieux éclairages. Cette recherche vise tout d'abord à définir ce qu'est une organisation virtuelle et en quoi elle représente une forme d'organisation novatrice. L'approche processuelle qui est proposée conduit ensuite à s'interroger sur la mise en œuvre de ce concept dans les entreprise. Quels types d'organisations virtuelles peuvent être distingués ? Peut-on en attendre une meilleure réactivité ? Quels sont les impacts et les facteurs organisationnels qui sont associés à leur mise en œuvre ? La partie empirique aborde, auprès d'une centaine d'entreprises, différentes formes d'organisations virtuelles. En les confrontant afin, d'une part, d'établir certaines comparaisons et, d'autre part, d'analyser les logiques et les contextes organisationnels sous-jacents, elle met en perspective plusieurs inférences théoriques comme managériales, reliées à ce concept émergent en Sciences de Gestion. Les résultats font notamment apparaître qu'il est réducteur qu'une organisation virtuelle se résume à des processus de coordination et de routines inter-firmes rattachés à la valorisation de l'activité courante. Les projets les plus " porteurs " sont ceux qui incluent des tâches témoignant d'une intelligence co-construite de l'évolution de l'environnement et des nouveaux marchés qui s'y dessinent.
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Richardson, Cathryn. "Dream conceptualisation in children with autism." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275295.
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Poorrezaei, M. "Customer engagement : conceptualisation, measurement and validation." Thesis, University of Salford, 2016. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/39377/.
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Understanding the dynamics of focal customer/brand relationships has gained the interest of both scholars and marketers in the last three decades. Particularly, identifying the means of building enduring relationships with customers has been a popular research stream. In recent years, the concept of engagement has been proposed to comprehensively reflect the nature of the customer/brand relationship. Customer engagement has been viewed as a valuable factor for gauging brand performance as well as a strategic imperative for establishing competitive advantage. Since 2010, an influential exploratory research stream has emerged to address the concept of engagement. However, despite the growing scholarly interest, the lack of empirical research regarding customer engagement has resulted in a limited understanding of the concept and its measurement. Following a systematic review of customer engagement studies, one limitation was apparent: the lack of a reliable and valid customer engagement scale. As such, the current research responds to the call made in two pioneering theoretical studies to develop a construct scale. Specifically, a two-stage research design, including three phases, was adopted to develop a reliable and valid construct scale. The first phase includes item generation from the existing literature and expert item judging. Two studies with two independent samples were conducted in the second and the third phases. The current research employed a numerous Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to purify the generated items obtained from the first phase. The analyses were performed to examine the internal consistency, and discriminant and convergent validity of the scale. The findings provided evidence for a second-order customer engagement construct comprising five first-order constructs as follows: socialising, learning, sharing, advocating and co-developing. The current research has also developed a model of customer engagement in the online brand community in order to test the nomological validity of the newly developed scale. Based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the proposed model includes community identification, brand identification, information quality and group norm as antecedents and brand loyalty and customer satisfaction as consequences. The current research contributes further insights into the nature of the engagement concept in four ways: first, it develops a valid and reliable scale that exhibits the multi-dimensional conceptualisation of the construct. Second, it applies the new measure to examine the relationships between customer engagement with potential antecedents and consequences. Third, managers can use the newly developed scale to measure the customer engagement level to have a better understanding of customer behaviour in the online brand community. Finally, the developed model of engagement can help managers to understand the factors that influence customer engagement in the online brand community and the important role of customer engagement in brand loyalty and customer satisfaction.
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Greffrath, Wynand Neethling. "A conceptualisation of the dysfunctional state." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9040.
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In recent decades, the phenomenon of post-colonial state dysfunction has received increased attention, from both popular and academic perspectives. In a political world order where the existence of states are assumed as fundamentally normal, and in fact necessary for the maintenance of the international status quo, the increasing tendency for certain states of the developing world to succumb to dysfunction is viewed with some alarm. Such instances of state dysfunction have been variously and inconsistently described as failed states, weak states, collapsed states, et cetera. The aforementioned terms are currently in widespread use with the media, as well as academia.
This study demonstrates that hitherto, there has been scant scholarly attention devoted to the theoretical conceptualisation and definition of this phenomenon, which it terms the dysfunctional state – thereby dispensing with the manifold confusing terms noted in the literature, for example, failed states. Building upon a thorough and clear exposition of the meta-scientific assumptions regarding the nature and functions of science, particularly in the application of this study, the concept of state is reconstructed. This serves as the orienting feature in the theoretical landscape of state dysfunction, from which the deviant characteristics of dysfunctional states may be juxtaposed with the attributes of the ideal-typical state.
The aberrant characteristics of dysfunctional states are analysed from the works of three influential scholars, namely Joel S. Migdal, Robert H. Jackson, and Samuel P. Huntington. The insights of each author, in the guise of the scientific constructs they employ, are subsequently reconstructed, interpreted, and evaluated, whilst consistently invoking the tenets of the ideal-typical statehood in a methodologically uniform manner. What results from this process is a conceptualisation (i.e. the application of scientific constructs in the investigation of a phenomenon) of the dysfunctional state, which is subsequently presented in the form of a theoretical definitional statement.Thesis (MA (Political Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Bristol, Nikki. "Shared mental models : conceptualisation & measurement." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417084.
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Burnett, Hollie. "(Re-)conceptualisation in autism spectrum disorders." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6865.
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Background: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been shown to be compromised in cognitive flexibility and attentional switching. However, most studies that examine these executive functions did not distinguish between the ability to form new concepts and the ability to switch between concepts. Very few attempts have been made to disassociate them as separate abilities, or investigate whether the animate or inanimate nature of the concepts/objects affects these abilities. Further, very few switching tasks have investigated the autistic spectrum as a whole, with most studies focusing on severely autistic individuals. Aims: The aim of this thesis was to explore individual limitations in the perceptual-cognitive abilities of forming concepts (conceptualisation) and of switching between concepts (reconceptualisation) in individuals with varying degrees of ASD and in typically-developed (TD) individuals. Further aims were: (i) Examine whether the animate or inanimate nature of the concepts affect the (re-)conceptualisation abilities, and whether this effect varies along the autism spectrum. (ii) Examine the impact of the ‘salience of physical reality’ on the (re-)conceptualisation abilities. (iii) Examine whether there is a continuum in concept forming and/or switching underlying the entire autism spectrum, extending into the TD population. Methods: The basic experimental paradigm involved recognition of ambiguous and impoverished objects. Distinct animate and/or inanimate objects were morphed into each other, resulting in a sequence of interpolations with decreasing proportions of one object and increasing proportions of the other object. Participants had to identify the newly emerging object. There were two distinct versions: the Conceptualisation Task, in which participants had to form a new concept from ‘scratch’, and the Reconceptualisation Task, in which an existing concept had to be traded in for a new concept. Participants: Three different clinical groups were tested: adults with Asperger’s Syndrome (AS), children with AS, and children with autism. Each group and their control group, did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex or cognitive ability. In addition, on the basis of their score on the Autism Quotient (AQ), approximately the top and bottom 20% of the TD individuals were allocated to either a low or high AQ group. Experiments: Four new experimental paradigms were employed: (Re-)Conceptualisation Silhouette Task (see Chapters 2 and 3), (Re-)conceptualisation Gabor Task (see Chapter 4), Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System (D-KEFS) Sorting Task with a unique added ‘No Shuffle’ condition, where the cards were not shuffled after each correct sort (see Chapter 5) and an Object-Ratio Task (see Chapter 7). In addition, the performance of the participant groups on these new tasks was compared with their performance on existing concept-switching tasks that are part of the D-KEFS: the Trail Making Task and the Twenty Questions Task (see Chapter 6). Results: In both the Silhouette and Gabor tasks, the ASD groups were significantly impaired in identifying concepts compared to TD groups, in both the conceptualisation and the reconceptualisation conditions. However, the deficit was largest when they first had to disengage attention (reconceptualisation), and when the object was animate. The autism group performed worse than the AS group, but only with respect to animate objects. Furthermore, when the start-object remained physically present (Gabor Tasks), or when the correctly made sort was not shuffled, but remained physically present until a new sort was made (Card Sorting Task), the ASD groups were even more impaired. Quite strikingly, this impairment specifically pertained to animate objects. In the TD population, differences were found between those with low and those with high AQ scores. In terms of performance on the (Re-)Conceptualisation Tasks, the high AQ group occupied a position in between the low AQ and AS groups. Conclusions: Overall, the studies suggest that individuals with ASD are impaired in forming new concepts, especially when they first have to disengage their attention from a previously identified concept, and when the concept is animate. This deficit also extends to the TD population (to those TD individuals with high AQ scores). The findings therefore support the notion of a concept forming and concept switching continuum, that is present not only in ASD, but also in the general population. The findings further suggest that individuals with ASD possess a processing deficit specifically for animate concepts/objects, which becomes worse with increasing ASD severity.
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Bambrick, Scott Francis. "A conceptualisation of supply chain effectiveness." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2016. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/618349/.
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With globalisation leading to increased competition within their markets, businesses face new challenges. One of these is the management and subsequent efficiency of their supply chains. Through carefully considered and implemented supply chain management, businesses can attain a competitive advantage over their competitors. However, there is evidence to suggest that in practice, success factors attributed to efficiency of supply chains are not being addressed. This is of concern, as more businesses are now competing supply chain vs supply chain rather than directly as business vs business. This study investigates the success factors related to the management of successful supply chains. The research methodology of this study utilised a quantitative survey instrument informed by qualitative information. It encapsulates structured themes within a conceptual framework and encompasses the associated critical success factors of each theme. Responses from 307 supply chain decision makers, have enabled both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to take place. Through an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) the findings firstly identified 48 variables as critical factors directly attributed to supply chain efficiency. A confirmatory factor analysis offered the plausibility of a model fit of a 7V conceptual framework when addressing supply chain efficiency. The research contributes to the relatively new field research area of supply chain management and specifically critical success factors. It develops a conceptual framework that can assist organisations when planning and managing their supply chains. In doing so it also identifies critical success factors that if managed can improve supply chain efficiency and assist organisations in attaining a competitive advantage.
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Gjeci, Suzana. "Conceptualisation et expression des relations spatiales." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H033.
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Cette recherche aborde les problèmes de conceptualisation et de description de l'espace par des enfants de 8 à 10 ans. Les différents modèles spatiaux constituent différentes façons de voir le monde, organisant ainsi les formes conceptuelles et linguistiques produites par les enfants. La considération des productions des enfants, dans leurs aspects fonctionnels et structuraux, permet d'aller au-delà des formes d'organisation que manifeste la communication ; on assiste ainsi à des régulations spécifiques qui consistent à comprendre comment la compréhension à un niveau en rejoint un autre. Les opérations mentales d'un cote et le fonctionnement des outils linguistiques de l'autre apparaissent comme un processus d'interaction chez les sujets en situation. Bases sur les traits corrélatifs perceptifs et sémantiques, et sur l'approche constructiviste selon laquelle l'observateur n'est pas passif, mais recherche activement l'information, ainsi que sur l'approche cognitiviste dans laquelle le percept est appréhendé comme le produit final d'une séquence d'opérations mentales, nous avons mené notre analyse sur un corpus varie, en nous arrêtant sur les formes de l'organisation descriptive et perceptive, ainsi que sur les différentes stratégies utilisées par les enfants pour y parvenir. La construction de la vision de l'espace relève d'une construction réflexive des produits verbaux et non verbaux, cette réflexion reposant sur des objets précisa ayant une valeur argumentaire. Ainsi la représentation nécessite chez les enfants un certain nombre de calculs et de connaissances linguistiques ; la question est alors celle du choix du lexique. La présente recherche montre que le fonctionnement de différents marqueurs linguistiques (choix lexical, ordre) se situe au niveau du texte. Nous avons pu aussi analyser certains systèmes de traitement (durant la production) à partir des protocoles écrits des enfantsThis research tackes the problems related to the conceptualisation and the description of space by children aged 8 to 10. The various spatial models constitute different ways to see the world, thus organising the conceptual and linguistic forms produced by children. The consideration of children's productions, in their functional and structural aspects, allows one to go beyond the organisational forms established through communication; thus, specific regulations are produced which consist in understanding how one level of comprehension meets up with another. The mental operations, on the one hand, and the functioning of linguistic tools, on the other hand, appear, with the subjects in situation, as a process of interaction. Based on the correlative traits of perception and semantics, and on the constructivist approach according to which the observer is not passive but is actively research, ing the information, as well as on the cognitivist approach in which the perceived is apprehended as the final product of a sequence of mental operations, our analysis has been conducted on a varied corpus, considering, in particular, the forms of descriptive and perceptive organisation, as well as the various strategies used by children to attain them. The construction of the vision of space is the concern of a reflexive construction of verbal and non-verbal products, such reflection resting on precise objects which have an argumentative value. So, for representation by children, a certain degree of calculation and of linguistic knowledge is required; the question then is that of the choice of lexis. The present research demonstrates that the functioning of various linguistic marks (choice of lexis, order) is at the text level. We have thereby been able to analyse certain processing systems (during production) based on protocols written by children
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Salvatore, Nadine. "La détermination du bien-être subjectif : conceptualisation en termes de domaines ou conceptualisation en termes de dimensions ?" Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR2021.
Full textAbstract:
Beaucoup de recherches ont étudié le bien-être subjectif soit en termes de domaines (Diener), soit en termes de dimensions (Ryff). Nous pensons que ces deux approches ne sont pas contradictoires. Aussi, le but de cette thèse a t-il été d'étudier la structure des réponses données par des participants d'âges variés et de situations différentes à un questionnaire construit à partir d'une matrice domaines (travail, loisirs, amis et connaissances, famille, couple, argent, vie spirituelle et corps physique) x dimensions (acceptation, relations positives, autonomie, maîtrise, développement personnel). Dans une première version, le questionnaire a servi à appréhender la réalité actuelle (le vécu concret), dans une seconde version, le questionnaire a servi à évaluer les conceptions du bien-être (d'un point de vue plus abstrait). Les données obtenues vont dans le sens de l'hypothèse d'une conceptualisation en termes de domaines plutôt qu'en termes de dimensions. Sept facteurs d'évaluation de la réalité actuelle ont été identifiés. Ces facteurs sont : vie amoureuse, vie de famille, développement physique et financier, autonomie. Vie professionnelle, vie sociale, et loisirs. Seuls quatre de ces facteurs (vie amoureuse, vie de famille, loisirs, et vie professionnelle) se sont avérés être des prédicteurs du bien-être global mesuré à l'aide du questionnaire de Diener. Six facteurs d'évaluation de l'importance des aspects de la réalité actuelle ont été identifiés. Ces facteurs sont : vie professionnelle, autonomie, vie sociale, loisirs, acceptation et corps physique. Seul le facteur acceptation s'est avéré prédictif du bien-être global. Un modèle général des relations entre facteurs a été propose et testé. Dans ce modèle, le facteur acceptation influe sur les facteurs vie amoureuse, vie de famille, loisirs, et vie professionnelle, lesquels influent, à leur tour, sur le bien-être global. Ce modèle rend compte des données de manière satisfaisante.
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Cossette-Trudel, Marie-Ange. "Conceptualisation de l'Utopie : critique, compossibilité et utopilogie." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA1027/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche porte sur la définition de l’utopie. Pour mieux la cerner,nous aborderons sa conceptualisation à partir d’un espace atemporel et ahistorique dans l’objectif de lui donner un champ identitaire – dans la sphère philosophique et sociale –, ainsi qu’un champ disciplinaire, celui de l’utopilogie. L’utopie, telle que nous l'abordons, sera enrichie de son ontologie.Notre démarche nous a ainsi conduite à dégager un projet social qui soit propre à l’utopie et à découvrir une philosophie de la compossibilité : entre genèse et généalogie, c’est-à-dire entre la création de la pensée et la mise en discours. Au terme de cette recherche, nous espérons avoir établi une définition bidimensionnelle et transversale de l’utopieThis research focuses on the definition of utopia. To better understandutopia, we address its conceptualization from a atemporal and ahistoricalperspective in order to provide it with an identitarian field – in thephilosophical and social spheres –, together with a disciplinary field, that ofutopilogy. Utopia, as we approach it, will be enriched by its ontology. Ourprocess has brought us to envision a social project which is specific to utopiaand to discover a philosophy of co possibility : between genesis andgenealogy – that is, between the creation and expression of thought. At the endof this research, we hope that we have established a bi-dimensional andtransversal definition of utopia
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Cairns, Deborah Kate. "Processing events : investigating event conceptualisation in aphasia." Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8533/.
Full textAbstract:
Some people with aphasia may have difficulty in talking about events because of trouble in processing situations in a language-ready fashion. A number of models of language production include a level at which messages are shaped to the demands of a particular language system. However, the relation between such conceptual processing and production in aphasia has been less fully explored. This study takes an empirical approach, investigating the relationship between the verb and sentence difficulties of six people with aphasia and their conceptualisation of events. Following a range of preparatory assessments, so individuals were hypothesised to have some difficulty in conceptualising events for language. Three novel tests were then devised to explore the skills of these individuals, and in one case, the whole group, in more detail. One test examines participants' focus over pictured situations, through their naming of the people and objects involved. A second probes the adoption of perspective over a particularly problematic situation type, investigating the effect of visual and linguistic cues on verb production. The third test focuses on gesture, exploring the relationship between verbal description and the production of action gestures. One participant's drawing of simple events was also probed using a recently developed assessment (Sacchett, 2005). In each case the results point to some differences between the participants with aphasia and a group of non-brain damaged speakers, thus providing support for the psychological reality of the notion of 'thinking for speaking' (Slobin, 1996) in aphasia. In addition, the test findings bring to light some previously hidden processing strengths. However, they also highlight the difficulty both of designing valid tests in this area and of accurately interpreting their results. The discussion considers the implications of the findings for therapy in aphasia, and for our understanding of the relationship between language loss and event conceptualisation.
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González-Fernández, Beatriz. "Vocabulary knowledge components : knowledge, acquisition and conceptualisation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52090/.
Full textAbstract:
Vocabulary knowledge is a multifaceted construct for which complete command comprises mastering various types of knowledge. Achieving this full mastery is deemed challenging and problematic for second language learners, and yet it is key for successful and appropriate language use (Webb & Nation, 2017). By understanding how these various kinds of knowledge behave and relate, practitioners can better systematise when and how they are introduced to the students, and thus facilitate the overall vocabulary learning process. Nevertheless, little is known about how these multiple types of word knowledge are acquired by learners of a second/foreign language. This thesis attempts to contribute to bridging this gap by empirically exploring the knowledge, acquisition and conceptualisation of overall vocabulary knowledge in second languages. Five studies are devoted to this aim. Study 1 examined the knowledge and order of acquisition of four different components of vocabulary knowledge (form–meaning link, collocations, derivatives and multiple meanings) in recall and recognition. It shows that those components vary considerably in their difficulty for second language (L2) learners, and implicational scaling analysis revealed that a consistent order of acquisition of these components can be established. Study 2 investigated how various factors typically identified as influencing vocabulary learning affect the mastery of those four word knowledge components. The results suggest that cognateness status of the target words has the strongest effect on knowledge of most vocabulary aspects by Spanish learners of L2 English, followed by frequency and proficiency. Importantly, this cognate influence raised the question of whether the order of acquisition of word knowledge components retrieved in Study 1 was unique to L2 English learners of cognate languages. Study 3 explored the theoretical conceptualisation of vocabulary knowledge by attempting to provide empirical support for its multidimensionality. Structural equation modelling analyses exposed that the various types of vocabulary knowledge were so interconnected that they could not be considered separate dimensions. This finding suggests that the different aspects of vocabulary knowledge are better seen as various word knowledge difficulty levels that comprise a unidimensional construct. Finally, Studies 4 and 5 tried to provide generalisability to the previous findings by replicating Studies 1 and 3, respectively, with Chinese L2 learners of English. Study 4 investigated the hypothesis that the order of acquisition outlined in Study 1 for Spanish learners depended partially on the cognate status of the participants’ language. The implicational scaling analysis with the non-cognate Chinese population, however, corroborated the order of acquisition of vocabulary aspects previously suggested, indicating that a universal vocabulary acquisition order might exist. Study 5 also confirmed the finding that vocabulary knowledge is not empirically multidimensional. In addition, it provided evidence for the fact that the vocabulary knowledge construct functions similarly across the Chinese and Spanish learners of English as a unidimensional concept. Taken together, the results presented in this thesis support the notion that mastering the various components involved in word knowledge is a slow and incremental process, and demonstrate that some of them seem to be consistently acquired before others. Nonetheless, the findings also suggest that these different types of word knowledge cannot be considered separate dimensions in the learners’ mental lexicon, and thereby the multidimensional structure of vocabulary knowledge might need to be reconsidered. Overall, while more research is needed, these findings offer useful insights for the learning and teaching of vocabulary in a more systematic and efficient manner.
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Almanza, Morgan. "La réfrigération magnétique : conceptualisation, caractérisation et simulation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT105/document.
Full textAbstract:
La réfrigération magnétique est une alternative pertinente dans un contexte où les gaz réfrigérants sont soumis à des restrictions environnementales. Ces restrictions nécessitent l'évolution de la technologie actuelle ou bien l'émergence d'une nouvelle, d'où l'opportunité pour la réfrigération magnétique de prouver son potentiel. En effet, elle pourrait s'avérer énergiquement plus efficace et avec des densités de puissance supérieure. Ces travaux de thèse apportent des réponses sur le potentiel de la réfrigération magnétique. Dans cette logique, la thermodynamique et le magnétisme, outils indispensables à notre étude, sont développés dans le cas des matériaux à effet magnétocalorique. Puis, nous verrons que les caractérisations de ces derniers sont en mesure de fournir des modèles matériaux cohérents et réalistes, si des précautions sont prises. L'effet magnétocalorique étant limité en termes de variation de température, nous allons étudier différentes structures de réfrigération. Enfin, des modèles numériques sont développés pour permettre d'optimiser les structures à régénérations actives, qui sont les plus utilisées. Ces modèles doivent permettre de dimensionner des systèmes proches de leurs optimumsMagnetic refrigeration is a relevant alternative in consideration of environmental restrictions of refrigerants gases. These restrictions require to improve the current technology or to pave the way for a new one, hence the opportunity for magnetic refrigeration to demonstrate its potential. Indeed, it could be energetically efficient and with higher power densities. This work aims to estimate the potential of magnetic refrigeration. Magnetism and thermodynamic, essential tools for our study, are developed in a case of magnetocaloric effect. With some care, we show that material characterizations are able to give consistence and relevant model. Magnetocaloric effect suffers of small temperature variations; therefore structures that increase the temperature span and give competitive system are studied. Finally numerical models are developed to optimize active magnetic regenerators, which are currently the most used. These models are used to calculate and design systems close to their optimum
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Laurent, Paul. "Les réseaux stratégiques : un essai de conceptualisation." Lyon 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO33030.
Full textAbstract:
L'analyse des relations inter-organisationnelles met a jour l'existence possible d'une forme economique differente du marche et de la hierarchie mais neanmoins stable et viable. Cette organisation en reseaux fonctionne a la fois sur le mo de cooperatif et concurrentiel. L'epistemologie constructiviste permet de rendre compte de ce processus institue de relations interactives. Le corpus institutionnaliste fournit le cadre theorique necessaire a une socio-economie de la relation au sein de laquelle se situe le concept de reseau strategique qui est alors cartographie de facon a rendre compte de ses differents elements constitutifs. C'est sur cette base que sont ensuite mises a jour de facon illustrative des tendances, des dynamiques de formation de reseaux dans les industries du transport aerienThe inter-organizational analysis shows the potential existing economic form different from the market, different from the hierarchy but by the way producing stability and viability. The network is working both in a cooperative and a competitive way. The constructivist epistemology leads to consider the instituted process by which we draw a general map of strategic networks. The author analyzes different dimensions of networks and argues that power relations are of central importance in the evolution of strategic networks. A frew proposals are developed to identify the direction of some interpretations in the socio-economic service, illustratted by the air transportation industry
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Chaaben, Mohamed. "La finance durable : essai de conceptualisation juridique." Thesis, Limoges, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIMO0037.
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La finance durable est une finance atypique qui prend en considération les enjeux du développement durable. Intégrant dans son approche des facteurs extra-financiers (environnementaux, sociaux, de gouvernance, etc.), elle se distingue de la finance conventionnelle par la recherche d’une utilité sociale et/ou environnementale. L’interaction entre la finance et le développement durable a donné naissance à un nouveau paradigme financier. La finance durable pourrait contribuer à la résorption de la crise actuelle qui revêt plusieurs dimensions : sanitaire, économique, financière, sociale, écologique, etc. Dans un contexte de crise, la finance durable devrait bénéficier d’un cadre juridique adapté et harmonisé, favorisant son déploiement dans des conditions sécurisées. La prolifération des initiatives privées n’est pas suffisamment efficace pour gérer les risques inhérents à la finance durable. De même, le mécanisme de l’auto-régulation reste inapte à saisir toutes les difficultés liées à ce nouveau mode de financement. Les normes issues de la soft law devraient ainsi être accompagnées d’instruments juridiques contraignants pour imposer la prise en compte effective de la durabilité dans la finance. Tiraillé entre la coercition et l’incitation, le législateur a pour rôle de sécuriser et de rendre transparent le marché de la finance durable. Un tel objectif exige une systématisation des normes, afin d’ériger la finance durable en une nouvelle catégorie juridiqueSustainable finance is an atypical form of finance that takes into consideration the goals of sustainable development. Integrating extra-financial factors (environmental, social, governance, etc.) into its approach, it differs from conventional finance by seeking social and/or environmental utility. The interaction between finance and sustainable development has given rise to a new financial paradigm. Sustainable finance could contribute to overcoming the current crisis which has several dimensions: health, economic, financial, social, ecological, etc. In a context of a crisis, sustainable finance should benefit from an adapted and harmonized legal framework promoting its deployment under secure conditions. The proliferation of private initiatives is not efficient enough to understand the risks inherent in sustainable finance. Similarly, self-regulation mechanism is not capable of grasping all the difficulties associated with this new method of financing. Soft law standards should thereby be accompanied by binding legal instruments, in order to enforce the effective consideration of sustainability in finance. Torn between coercion and incitement, the legislator's role is to make the sustainable finance market secure and transparent. This objective requires a systematization of the legal standards, in order to establish sustainable finance into a new legal category
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Pihi, Joseph. "Filières d'expéditions internationales conceptualisation et analyse empirique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600412g.
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Arnold, Samuel R. C. "The Measurement and Conceptualisation of Support Needs." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15556.
Full textAbstract:
We all need support. This thesis with publications provides evidence that this support, and its multiple divisions, can be measured and has potential for guiding the fair allocation of individual disability funding. Further, a current conceptualisation of support and support needs is critiqued and a new conceptualisation proposed. With a focus on the extraordinary support needs of people with disability, initial evidence for the potential of these new conceptualisations is gathered. This thesis had two aims; 1. Contextualise, critique and further develop the conceptualisation of the support needs construct and supports paradigm, and explore areas of future application. 2. Demonstrate that support needs can be directly measured, and applied to systems of classification and resource allocation. The support needs construct as a key component of understanding disability was first introduced by the American Association of Intellectual and Developmental Disability (AAIDD) in 1992 (Luckasson et al., 1992). The AAIDD also developed the Supports Intensity Scale (SIS; Thompson et al., 2004) to directly measure support needs of adults with intellectual disability. In parallel to the AAIDD, since 1998, the Centre for Disability Studies, University of Sydney has been developing the Instrument for the Classification and Assessment of Support Needs (I-CAN; Arnold & Riches, 2013), though with a somewhat different approach and underlying conceptualisation. The I-CAN was used as the basis for measuring support needs in this thesis. My critique of the conceptualisations described by AAIDD is focused on three areas; 1. That supports are merely “resources and strategies that promote the … well-being of a person and that enhance individual functioning” (Luckasson et al., 2002, p. 151) 2. That support needs represents “an enduring characteristic of the person” (Thompson et al., 2009, p. 137) 3. That support needs should be measured in reference to “normative human functioning” (Thompson et al., 2009, p. 135) within a hypothetical standardized environment. Firstly, I argue that supports do not simply “enhance individual functioning”, instead that supports are integral to human functioning and indeed that we interact with our environment through supports. I introduce the concept of a support boundary. I argue that supports should be defined as; Supports are people, resources, tools, equipment, education or strategies that enable a person to interact with their environment and pursue a valued life. Secondly, I propose that support needs are not a stable “enduring characteristic of the person”. Rather, support needs are dependent on the person’s health, life pursuits and environments - if health, goals or the environment change, then the person’s support needs change. I explore the intersection of support need and want, and propose a new definition of support needs as; a psychometric construct referring to the frequencies, types and overall amounts of supports that are reasonable or necessary for a person to pursue a chosen valued life. Thirdly, supports needed are those supports that a person uses in their environment and chosen valued life pursuits. I argue that it is an abstraction of actual supports needed to attempt to measure support need in reference to normative human functioning or a hypothetical standardized environment. Not all people want or can achieve a normative level of human functioning, regardless of what supports are in place. More important is a focus on the actual supports needed and wanted to pursue a valued life in the environments where the person lives - these are the supports that should be measured. These new conceptualisations are embodied in the I-CAN tool and the way it measures support need. The research findings reported in this thesis using the I-CAN are in part an evaluation of the feasibility, psychometric rigour, and applied utility of using a support-needs assessment based on these concepts. Initial evidence for these new conceptualisations is provided in a critical literature review of the development of support needs assessment tools, followed by three peer-reviewed journal articles. In one article (Chapter 5) I describe the history of the I-CAN tool and its current application and as well as its potential future application to e-health, with the most recent versions of the I-CAN being web-based assessments. In the next article (Chapter 6) I propose a new classification of support needs. I report good criterion validity of the I-CAN v4.2 classification algorithm compared with clinical judgment, including verification with an independent sample. This study also provides initial evidence for the potential of scoring support needs assessments based on the highest item in a domain as opposed to total domain scores. In the final peer-reviewed article (Chapter 7) I demonstrate that the I-CAN can more accurately predict person-centred individual funding allocation than adaptive behaviour assessment. I also demonstrate the multi-divisional nature of support needs by utilising a “funded-item approach”, that is, only those assessment items where the person needs funded formal supports are included in the scoring algorithm when predicting individual funding. Finally, I demonstrate the generally robust psychometric properties of a research version of the I-CAN. Interestingly, both studies in Chapter 6 and 7 included people with differing disability types. Whereas the SIS is designed to be used only for people with intellectual disability, the I-CAN is designed for use across disability type. Future research should explore potential application of the I-CAN and support needs assessment in other contexts, such as for people who are aging or even specific job roles support needs. My empirical findings demonstrate that the I-CAN is a generally psychometrically robust tool and this ecologically valid approach to support needs can be measured reliably. I demonstrated innovation in the approaches to the measurement of support need by examining the multi-divisional nature of support needs (such as the funded-item approach), and by evaluating the potential for scoring support needs based on highest items. In my final discussion I explore the potential future applications of support needs research opened by these new conceptualisations, including outcomes measurement and person-centred planning. I respond to the ongoing critical issues identified in the literature regarding the development of the support needs construct that my work has raised. Finally, I introduce a People-Support-Environment model, attempting to move the supports paradigm beyond an individual focus. Following the suggestion of Bradshaw (1994), I conclude with a challenge that our future discourse should explore terminologies such as equitable support needs and the distribution of opportunity.
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Parkin, Hughes Christine. "The conceptualisation of sustainability by tomorrow's managers." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9701.
Full textAbstract:
Sustainability is an emerging field, a knowledge frontier. However, the conceptualisation of what sustainability is, and what it means in theory and practice remains unsettled. Scant attention has been paid to how future managers make sense of sustainability, representing a significant gap in the literature. The overarching aim of this thesis is to explore how the polysemous phenomenon of sustainability is conceptualised by the next generation of managers. It explores how they made sense of sustainability; the drivers behind their sensemaking; whether there is a skew within their conceptualisations in favour of environmental explanations; and, whether the pilot of the UN Sustainability Literacy Test impacted on how they perceive sustainability. Drawing on 485 surveys, 7 semi-structured interviews and 3 focus groups, this was achieved through the theoretical lens of sensemaking, employing an inductive case study approach with elements of survey analysis, obtained from students at Plymouth Business School. The interpreted findings show that participants made sense of sustainability in various ways, mostly espousing a long-term/intergenerational view, with explanations principally couched in single-dimensional environmental terms, thereby demonstrating the sustainability skew. Education appears to be the main driver behind their sensemaking, although the media and conformity/socialisation also had an important part to play. The sustainability literacy test seems to have broadened perspectives and increased understanding of sustainability and for the vast majority of participants, the interest-levels following the test remained the same or increased. This study joins the ongoing conversation by providing an original contribution, both theoretically and empirically, to the contentious, complex and multifaceted notion that is sustainability, both in the wider sense and more particularly from the perspective of future managers. This is important because how future managers make sense of sustainability will ultimately structure its reality.
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Temel-Candemir, Nurcan. "Agency theory : an extended conceptualisation and reformation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16188/1/Nurcan_Temel_Candemir_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The theory of Agency, specifically that developed by Jesen and Meckling (1976), will be the subject of examination. Agency theory has been the subject of extensive research since its introduction in modern form by Jensen and Meckling (1976). The generality of the theory of Agency appears unquestionable and it has been widely adopted. Surprisingly, however, the model correctly predicts particular phenomena under investigation in only the simplest of instances, and even in the simplest of instances there are cases where the simple agency model has limited success.
Possible reasons for this failure may lie in the assumed universalist foundation and in the common formulation regarding agent behaviour, that all agents are self-interested rationalists seeking to maximise their own utility to the disregard of their principal's interest. While the hypothesis of self-interested rationalism may be apt in some contexts it may be misleading or inadequate in others. This is especially so when the narrow interpretations of self-interested rationalism are used. Human beings are more complex in their totality than can be represented in any parsimonious model. This is particularly a problem when model predictions are not empirically supported. Aspects omitted in a model may be a source of the misfit between prediction and observation.
An extended conceptualisation and reformulation of agent behaviour is presented. An approach is developed that addresses the context of agent behaviour, the socio-environment within which the agent interacts. The context particularly refers to the institutional affiliations and interactions that influence agent behaviour through their belief structure (i.e., their Belief-Desire-Intention, BDI, model of rational action). Through the use of an institutional framework contextual analysis is incorporated into the theory of agency and ultimately agent behaviour. This agent is termed a socio-environmental rationalist agent (SERA) which is contrasted with the self-interested rationalist (SIR) agent in the existing agency literature.
This research utilises an object-oriented approach to develop a simulation of the extended conceptualisation and reformulation of agent behaviour. Simulations investigate agent behaviours and outcomes at the micro (specifically through individualised SERA and SIR formulations) and macro (specifically through a multi-agent SERA community formulation in the context of the EU financial accounting harmonisation process) levels. Netlogo is the simulation tool through which this is attained.
The simulation demonstrates how alternative formulations of rationality lead to different outcomes and these differences are evident at both levels. Importantly the extended model has outputs that are more in tune with current empirical evidence. The analysis thus demonstrates the plausibility of the extended conceptualisation and reformulation and the need to incorporate the context of behaviour more fully within the analysis of the principal-agent relationship.
Through this extended examination of agent behaviour further theoretical and practical insights regarding the understanding of agent behaviour, the principal-agent problem and relationship, multi-agent communities, and of business and society in general may be attained. This dissertation provides one step in advancing our fundamental understanding of the principal-agent problem. The scope and power of agency analysis can be substantially extended using the approach and methods outlined, particularly beyond that present in existing Agency research.
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Temel-Candemir, Nurcan. "Agency theory : an extended conceptualisation and reformation." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16188/.
Full textAbstract:
The theory of Agency, specifically that developed by Jesen and Meckling (1976), will be the subject of examination. Agency theory has been the subject of extensive research since its introduction in modern form by Jensen and Meckling (1976). The generality of the theory of Agency appears unquestionable and it has been widely adopted. Surprisingly, however, the model correctly predicts particular phenomena under investigation in only the simplest of instances, and even in the simplest of instances there are cases where the simple agency model has limited success. Possible reasons for this failure may lie in the assumed universalist foundation and in the common formulation regarding agent behaviour, that all agents are self-interested rationalists seeking to maximise their own utility to the disregard of their principal's interest. While the hypothesis of self-interested rationalism may be apt in some contexts it may be misleading or inadequate in others. This is especially so when the narrow interpretations of self-interested rationalism are used. Human beings are more complex in their totality than can be represented in any parsimonious model. This is particularly a problem when model predictions are not empirically supported. Aspects omitted in a model may be a source of the misfit between prediction and observation. An extended conceptualisation and reformulation of agent behaviour is presented. An approach is developed that addresses the context of agent behaviour, the socio-environment within which the agent interacts. The context particularly refers to the institutional affiliations and interactions that influence agent behaviour through their belief structure (i.e., their Belief-Desire-Intention, BDI, model of rational action). Through the use of an institutional framework contextual analysis is incorporated into the theory of agency and ultimately agent behaviour. This agent is termed a socio-environmental rationalist agent (SERA) which is contrasted with the self-interested rationalist (SIR) agent in the existing agency literature. This research utilises an object-oriented approach to develop a simulation of the extended conceptualisation and reformulation of agent behaviour. Simulations investigate agent behaviours and outcomes at the micro (specifically through individualised SERA and SIR formulations) and macro (specifically through a multi-agent SERA community formulation in the context of the EU financial accounting harmonisation process) levels. Netlogo is the simulation tool through which this is attained. The simulation demonstrates how alternative formulations of rationality lead to different outcomes and these differences are evident at both levels. Importantly the extended model has outputs that are more in tune with current empirical evidence. The analysis thus demonstrates the plausibility of the extended conceptualisation and reformulation and the need to incorporate the context of behaviour more fully within the analysis of the principal-agent relationship. Through this extended examination of agent behaviour further theoretical and practical insights regarding the understanding of agent behaviour, the principal-agent problem and relationship, multi-agent communities, and of business and society in general may be attained. This dissertation provides one step in advancing our fundamental understanding of the principal-agent problem. The scope and power of agency analysis can be substantially extended using the approach and methods outlined, particularly beyond that present in existing Agency research.
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Baudin, Nicolas. "La réussite sportive : conceptualisation et perspective dispositionnelle." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100145.
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L'impact de la personnalité sur la performance et la réussite sportive est une croyance très largement admise et fait, semble-t-il, partie du sens commun. Une analyse systématique de la littérature scientifique révèle pourtant que les travaux réalisés sur cette question ne vont pas dans le sens de cette croyance. Ce travail doctoral se propose d'une part, de mettre au point une conceptualisation novatrice de la réussite sportive et d'autre part, d'étudier la contribution des dimensions de personnalité à cette réussite. Dans cette perspective nous avons choisi d'orienter cette recherche vers les champs théoriques du bien-être subjectif et du monde du travail, dont nous avons emprunté les théories, les concepts et les méthodes. L'application au domaine du sport des concepts de satisfaction de la vie, d'émotions ou encore de succès de carrière objectif et subjectif, ont permis la création d'une conception alternative de la réussite sportive distinguant une réussite subjective (jugement des sportifs) et une réussite objective (jugement des entraîneurs). La recherche des bases tempéramentales de la réussite sportive s'est appuyée sur plusieurs cadres théoriques tels que la Théorie en Cinq Facteurs (McCrae et Costa, 1995) et les modèles hiérarchiques du bien-être subjectif (Bottom-up et Top-Down). Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence des relations entre la réussite objective et les dimensions de Névrosisme, d'Extraversion et d'Agréabilité. Cependant, c'est la dimension d'Agréabilité qui semble avoir le plus d'impact, essentiellement à travers son influence sur une dimension de Qualités relationnelles (Fair-play, Intégrité. . . ). La réussite subjective, quant à elle, est fortement liée aux dimensions de Névrosisme et d'Extraversion ainsi qu'à la satisfaction de la vie et aux émotions. La prise en compte d'éléments motivationnels, de la théorie des buts ainsi que l'alignement des prédicteurs et des critères de performance selon la stratégie de Campbell (1990) devraient permettre, dans les recherches ultérieures, d'améliorer la compréhension du rôle de la personnalité sur la réussite sportiveThe impact of personality on performance and sport success is a very largely allowed belièf and seems to be common sense. However, a systematic analysis of the scientific literature reveals that the work completed on this topic does not lead to this direction. This doctoral dissertation proposes on the one hand, to develop an innovative conceptualisation of sport success and on the other hand, to study the contribution of personality dimensions to this success. From this point of view we made the choice to direct this research towards the theoretical fields of subjective well-being and job performance, from which we borrowed theories, concepts and methods. The application of the concepts of life satisfaction, emotions or objective and subjective career success to the sport field, allowed the creation of an alternative conception of sport success distinguishing a subjective success (sportsmen's judgement) and an objective success (trainers' judgement). The research of the temperamental bases of sport success was supported on several theoretical frameworks such as the Five Factor Theory (McCrae and Costa, 1995) and the hierarchical models of subjective well-being (Bottom-up and TopDown). The obtained results highlight the relation between objective success and Neuroticism, Extraversion and Agreeableness dimensions. Nevertheless, Agreeableness dimension seems to have the main impact, primarily through its influence on the Relational Qualities dimension (Fair-play, Integrity. . . ). The subjective success, as for it, is strongly related to Neuroticism and Extraversion dimensions as well as those of life satisfaction and emotions. The consideration of motivational elements, of the theory of goals and of the alignment of predictors and performance criteria according to Campbell's strategy (1990) should allow, in later research, to improve the comprehension of the yole of personality in sport success
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Gerlach, N. "Perspectives on Conceptualisation and Lived Experience of Introversion." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2023. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/47408c5ace39e155fa8c4896d7420425b90ceb4cc8c5eb2bb2d543b3d02de192/1938297/Gerlach_2023_Perspectives_on_conceptualisation_and_lived_PhD%5BREDACTED%5D.pdf.
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Variation exists regarding understandings of the personality trait introversion. This thesis aimed to explore how ordinary people define and experience introversion. Three studies were conducted which explored: 1) participants’ understandings of introversion; 2) differences in how people who identified as introverted, ambiverted (a bit of both), or extraverted described introverts; and 3) self-identified introverts’ descriptions of a broad range of experiences in their own lives. The findings of this research indicated that further efforts are needed to develop additional clarity and agreement across both scientific and common-sense views as to what introversion represents.
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Steffen, Bruna. "Conceitualização metafórica contrastiva português-francês : anatomia dos músculos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143627.
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L‘étude de la métaphore reçoit une attention croissante au sein des études du langage, surtout depuis que cette notion a jeté une nouvelle lumière sur ce qui était considéré auparavant comme une simple figure de style. D‘après Lakoff et Johnson (2002), la métaphore conceptuelle est une manière de comprendre et de conceptualiser le monde. À partir de la Théorie de la Métaphore Conceptuelle, des concepts (VANDAELE, 2000; VANDAELE; LUBIN, 2005; VANDAELE 2009) sur la conceptualisation métaphorique des textes spécialisés et leur importance pour la traduction ont été étudiés. Les indices de conceptualisation métaphorique (ICs) sont des unités lexicales permettant de conceptualiser métaphoriquement un actant sur le plan cognitif ; grâce à une impression de dissonance, quelque chose d‘abstrait est conceptualisé au moyen d‘une chose plus concrète et forme un mode de conceptualisation qui sera perçu par l‘indice de conceptualisation. Les modes de conceptualisation sont très importants pour la traduction, puisque le comportement des indices ou même des modes de conceptualisation peuvent différer entre les langues. Il s‘agit de fournir un outil pour les traducteurs et de contribuer à la réflexion sur les études de la Traduction. Cette étude a pour objectif de repérer les indices de conceptualisation métaphoriques relatifs à l‘anatomie des muscles en portugais, pour mener ensuite une comparaison avec le français. Les corpus sont composés de chapitres portant sur les muscles, tirés d‘ouvrages d‘anatomie. Un prélèvement des ICs et l‘établissement des modes en portugais ont été effectués pour les comparer ensuite avec un prélèvement préalable en français. Pour fournir des équivalents aux indices en portugais, on s‘est basée sur l‘approche fonctionnaliste de la traduction qui observe le contexte d‘utilisation et la fonction du mot dans le contexte, en plus de son caractère socioculturel. On a observé que les indices et les modes de conceptualisation se semblent beaucoup dans les deux langues.O estudo da metáfora tem recebido uma atenção crescente no âmbito dos estudos da linguagem, pois a noção de metáfora conceitual trouxe novo enfoque ao que antes se considerava uma mera figura de linguagem. Segundo Lakoff e Johnson (2002), a metáfora conceitual é uma maneira de compreender e conceituar o mundo. A partir da Teoria da Metáfora Conceitual, desenvolveram-se conceitos (VANDAELE, 2000; VANDAELE; LUBIN, 2005; VANDAELE 2009) relacionados à conceitualização metafórica presente nos textos especializados e estudou-se sua importância para a tradução. Os chamados índices de conceitualização metafórica (ICs) são entendidos como unidades léxicas que permitem conceitualizar metaforicamente um de seus actantes no plano cognitivo devido a uma impressão de dissonância ligada a representações factivas e fictícias, ou seja, conceitualiza-se algo mais abstrato por meio de algo mais concreto, formando um modo de conceitualização, que será percebido pelo índice de conceitualização. Tal conceitualização é de extrema importância para a tradução, uma vez que o comportamento dos índices e mesmo os modos de conceitualização podem diferir entre as línguas. Buscando então servir de ferramenta para tradutores e de reflexão para os estudos da Tradução, este trabalho tem como objetivo fazer um reconhecimento da conceitualização metafórica relativa à anatomia dos músculos em português, para então compará-la à do francês. Para a formação dos corpora foram utilizados capítulos relacionados aos músculos em obras de Anatomia. Foi feito um levantamento dos ICs e se estabeleceram os modos em português, para então compará-los com um levantamento prévio de ICs em francês. Para a formação dos corpora foram utilizados capítulos relacionados aos músculos em obras de Anatomia. Foi feito um levantamento dos ICs e se estabeleceram os modos em português, para então compará-los com um levantamento prévio de ICs em francês. Para o fornecimento de equivalentes aos índices em português, nos baseamos na abordagem funcionalista da tradução, em que se observa o contexto de uso e a função da palavra no contexto, além do caráter sociocultural. Observou-se que os índices e modos de conceitualização metafórica podem se assemelhar bastante nas duas línguas.
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Ederle, Nicolas. "Vision et pilotage d'entreprise : conceptualisation, représentation et pratiques." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00160803.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une volonté de fournir une représentation synthétique de ce qu'est une entreprise. La question de recherche centrale est ainsi : « Comment le concept de vision peut-il servir à appréhender le pilotage de l'entreprise et à en donner une représentation globale ? » Pour y répondre nous adoptons une démarche abductive caractérisée par des allers-retours entre littérature et terrain. Notre méthodologie est qualitative. Notre étude empirique est constituée de 65 entretiens semi-directifs centrés avec des dirigeants de 11 grands groupes français. L'analyse de contenu avec constitution d'un dictionnaire des thèmes est retenue pour traiter les données recueillies. Notre travail propose une mise en ordre de la littérature en 4 niveaux successifs et complémentaires (une vision attribut du leader ; une vision partagée voire co-crée par l'organisation ; une vision comme représentation collective et enfin, la gestion de la diversité comme contrepoids au risque d'une focalisation trop importante en direction de la vision poursuivie.) Notre recherche fait également émerger différents profils d'entreprise correspondant à différentes articulations des mécanismes de pilotage (valeurs fondamentales, stratégies, paradigme, etc.) autour de la vision. Ainsi, notre travail met à jour et propose une représentation d'un mode de « pilotage par la vision » où ces mécanismes encadrent la cognition, l'action et les stratégies au sein de l'organisation et les orientent vers l'atteinte de la vision. Plus largement, notre thèse montre que piloter une organisation exige qu'une attention particulière soit portée à 3 points : l'adaptation des actions au contexte dans lequel l'entreprise se trouve, la cohérence des stratégies avec les autres mécanismes de pilotage et le maintien d'une vigilance constante quant au dosage des actions décidées et à leur mise en œuvre. Plus que l'application de « recettes », le pilotage d'une entreprise est ainsi une affaire de « fine tuning ».
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Al, Balushi Maha Khamis. "Consumer-based heritage brand equity : Conceptualisation and measurement." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517459.
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Packwood, Sonia. "Conceptualisation des fonctions exécutives : prolifération, organisation et mesure." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28568/28568.pdf.
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Patel, Dilipkumar Kantibhai. "Conceptualisation and implementation strategies for effective information systems." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245123.
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Cullerton, Shannon. "Exploring refugee young people's conceptualisation of their wellbeing." Thesis, University of East London, 2017. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/6467/.
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Refugee young people (RYP) represent a growing and clinically significant population in the UK. Research and practice knowledge suggests that they face multiple challenges and have particular and complex needs. Despite this, reports indicate that refugee young people currently under-utilise mental health services. A growing body of literature argues that it is problematic that research and practice in the field of psychology are primarily bound to Western constructs and models of understanding. This position contends that such constructs often inadequately or inappropriately address the needs of this population. While this debate has particularly centred around concepts of psychopathology and trauma, relatively little attention has been paid to the validity and relevance of the concept of wellbeing when applied to RYP. The present study sought to investigate how wellbeing is understood and constructed by one group of RYP, in order to consider the relevance and applicability of dominant conceptualisations. A social constructionist-critical realist epistemological position was taken to explore this group of RYP's understandings and beliefs about wellbeing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten young people from refugee backgrounds who had recently arrived in the UK. The transcripts were submitted to a thematic analysis through which three main themes were identified: ‘Managing Current Contexts’, ‘Moving Forward’ and ‘Practicing Faith’. These themes captured the influence of participants’ current context of seeking asylum and underscored the imperative role of underlying beliefs and faith in frameworks of understanding wellbeing. They also highlighted the central role that ideas of hope and moving forward held for participants. As such, analysis of the data drew attention to socio-cultural variations that exist in constructions of wellbeing, indicating that wellbeing is a concept strongly informed by individual context and grounded in one’s cultural and religious beliefs and assumptions. Conceptions of psychological and social wellbeing have significant implications for devising psychological treatment and policies aimed at ameliorating RYP’s difficulties. The findings from this study call for improved knowledge and consideration in research and practice on the impact of contextual, cultural and religious factors to constructs of wellbeing. Psychologists and policy makers need to question the taken-for-granted assumptions that underlie our theories and pre-shape our understandings, concepts and frameworks used.
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Kotze, Zacharias. "The conceptualisation of anger in the Hebrew Bible." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/15927.
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Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is no scarcity of publications on the subject of anger in the Hebrew Bible. Most of these concern themselves with the theological significance of the wrath of God. In particular, its function as chastisement for sin is repeatedly accentuated while other conceptual elements as conveyed by Classical Hebrew words and expressions for anger are usually overlooked. In the majority of cases, lexicographical studies of anger terminology contend themselves with the accepted 'literal' meaning of words. The result is an impoverished appreciation of the concepts that governed the mind of the ancient Israelites and determined their use of language with respect to the conceptualisation of anger. This situation provided a good incentive for a study on anger concepts in the Hebrew Bible. The cognitive theory of language proved to be an ideal tool for analyzing Classical Hebrew lexemes and expressions relating to the concept of anger. Several figurative sayings were identified that relate directly to culturally defined concomitants of this emotion. They can be summarised in an idealised cognitive model that include the following conceptual metonymies for anger: body heat, quickened breathing, frowning, glaring, gnashing of teeth, internal pressure, redness in the face/neck, agitation, internal agitation, slaver at the mouth, lifting the hand, clapping the hands, stamping the feet and violent, frustrated behaviour. Over and above these metonymies, a number of conceptual metaphors have been identified that added a great deal of conceptual content to the idealised cognitive model of anger in the Hebrew Bible. The ANGER IS HEAT metaphor seems to have its basis in the experience of bodily heat. Environmental phenomena, such as the hot desert wind, earthquake, clouds, storms and floods also proved to be prolific source domains for metaphoric transfer. Other conceptual domains employed by the ancient Israelites to image anger are: burdens, winepresses, poison, opponents, dangerous animals, transgression, presence and bounded spaces. The data analysed in this study pointed to a clearly defined conceptual model for anger that can best be viewed as a prototype scenario with several stages. The phases follow on each other in temporal order. Anger typically follows on the occurrence of an intended offending event. Although the ideal is to control anger, this rarely happens. In the majority of cases, anger results in some violent act of retribution. In conclusion, several suggestions have been made with regard to the study of concepts, such as anger, in the Hebrew Bible. Firstly, the fact that most theological dictionaries and Hebrew lexicons to date have been dominated by the Autonomic View of language and its interest to identify the detachable 'meaning' of Classical Hebrew terms needs to be acknowledged. In order to fully appreciate the idealised cognitive model of the ancient Israelites with regard to a specific concept, a thorough diachronic study of related words and expressions needs to be undertaken in view of their humoral theories and beliefs regarding magic and spirits. Finally, some recommendations relating to the etymology of certain Classical Hebrew terms for anger were made.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oorgrote meerderheid ondersoeke oor die emosie van woede in die Hebreeuse Bybel het as sentrale idee die teologiese implikasies van die toorn van God. Die funksie daarvan as straf vir menslike sonde word dikwels beklemtoon, terwyl nagelaat word om ook aandag te gee aan konseptuele elemente soos dit neerslag vind in die taal wat gebruik word om die emosie te beskryf. Leksikografiese studies fokus meesal op die 'letterlike' betekenis van woorde en verwaarloos so die konseptuele inhoud van uitdrukkings wat aangewend word om woede te beskryf. Dit is die agtergrond vir die besluit om 'n deeglike ondersoek te doen na konseptualisasie van woede soos dit bestaan het in die gedagtewereld van die ou Israeliete. Die kognitiewe teorie van taal bied die mees gepaste metodologie vir 'n bestudering van sodanige konsepte in die Hebreeuse Bybel. Met behulp van hierdie metodologiese raamwerk is verskeie konseptuele metonimiee geidentifiseer wat neerslag vind in 'n ideale kognitiewe model van toorn soos dit beskryf word in die Hebreeuse Bybel. Die konseptuele metonimiee vir woede sluit direk aan by verskeie liggaamlike ervarings en wyses van uitdrukking wat geassosieer word met hierdie emosie. Die volgende elemente, wat gebruik is as basis vir die metaforiese taalgebruik in die verband, is geidentifiseer: liggaamlike hitte, vinnige asemhaling, 'n frons, glurende oe, tandekners, interne druk, rooiheid in die gesig/nek, agitasie, skuim by die mond, oplig van die hand, handeklap, voete stamp en gefrustreerde gedrag. Bo en behalwe hierdie metonimiee, is daar ook verskeie konseptuele metafore onderskei wat baie help om 'n meer volledige kognitiewe model van toorn daar te stel. Die TOORN IS HITTE metafoor het waarskynlik sy oorsprong in die ervaring van liggaamshitte deur die persoon wat die emosie ervaar. 'n Hele aantal metafore blyk gemotiveer te wees deur meteorologiese en omgewingsfaktore, soos die warm woestynwind, aardbewings, wolke, storms en winde. Ander bronne vir metaforiese oordrag met betrekking tot woede is: swaar laste, wynperse, gif, opponente, gevaarlike diere, oortreding, teenwoordigheid en begrensde ruimtes. Die data wat so versamel is, dui op 'n goed-gedefinieerde konseptuele voorstelling vir woede in die Hebreeuse Bybel. Hierdie model kan gesien word as 'n prototipiese gebeurtenis waarvan die elemente kronologies op mekaar volg. In 'n tipiese geval word die emosie ontlok deur 'n doelbewuste benadeling van die subjek wat die emosie beleef. Die ideaal is dat die persoon sy woede in toom hou. Meesal is dit egter nie die geval nie en loop dit uit op gewelddadige, vergeldende optrede. Ten slotte is sekere suggesties gemaak rakende die etimologie van sekere terme vir woede in die Hebreeuse Bybel. Daar is ook aanbeveel dat in toekomstige studies van sodanige konsepte in die Hebreeuse Bybel in ag moet neem dat die oorgrote meerderheid van beskikbare teologiese woordeboeke en Hebreeuse leksika ten onregte hulself ten doel stel om die 'letterlike' betekenisse van sodanige emosie-woorde na te gaan, met verwaarlosing van die konseptuele wereld wat die uitdrukkings onderle. Derhalwe is ook 'n deeglike diakroniese studie van die konseptuele aard van dergelike woorde en uitdrukkings, met inagneming van ou Israelitiese humorale opvattings betreffende die bonatuurlike, van wesenlike belang.
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Bridge, Freda Ann. "Student teachers' conceptualisation of teaching as a profession." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400606.
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Caouette, Caroline. "La conceptualisation de l'hypersexualisation chez les jeunes adultes." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2843.
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Depuis les dix dernières années, la manifestation de diverses problématiques concernant la sexualisation des comportements chez les jeunes garçons et filles interpelle les parents, le personnel scolaire et les divers professionnels (Lamb & Brown, 2006). Ce phénomène, l'hypersexualisation, est en expansion en Amérique du Nord, touchant particulièrement les jeunes femmes, mais également les hommes (APA, 2007). À l'heure actuelle, les définitions existantes de ce phénomène sont surtout théoriques (non opérationnelles) et touchent principalement les enfants et les adolescents. Puisqu'au début de l'âge adulte, l'exploration identitaire, amoureuse et sexuelle sont davantage présentes (Arnett, 2000), cette période est particulièrement importante pour l'étude de l'hypersexualisation. Cette étude a donc pour objectif de fournir une définition conceptuelle de l'hypersexualisation spécifique aux jeunes adultes (18-30 ans). Afin de tenir compte de la perspective des acteurs eux-mêmes sur ce phénomène, la méthode qualitative a été privilégiée (Poupart et al., 1997). Six groupes de participants (cinq groupes de jeunes adultes ( n =23); un groupe d'intervenants (n =6)) ont participé à des entrevues de groupe (focus group) reposant sur un canevas d'entrevue semi-structurée. Les verbatim ont été retranscrits et codifiés à l'aide du logiciel d'analyse qualitative QDA Miner. L'analyse thématique en six étapes de Braun et Clarke (2006) a permis de générer une définition de l'hypersexualisation adulte reposant sur trois grands thèmes : 1) les messages sexuels omniprésents; 2) l' objectification sexuelle et 3) la relation à l'autre sexualisée. Dix sous-thèmes ont également émergé de l'analyse thématique (p. ex., surinvestissement de l'image sexualisée, désir de plaire, comportements de séduction). La définition qui en résulte a comme avantages de porter exclusivement sur les jeunes adultes, de s'adresser aux hommes et aux femmes et d'intégrer les composantes sociétale et individuelle du phénomène. La discussion met en lumière les différences entre cette définition et celles déjà formulées dans la documentation et propose des pistes de recherches futures.
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Mouzakitis, Angelos. "Meaning, historicity, and the conceptualisation of the social." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2002. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/106955/.
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The notions of 'meaning' and 'historicity', of the manner in winch they inform or reflect conceptions of collective or ‘social’ being and of individuality, and of the ways in which these dimensions are primordially experienced by human beings. This investigation concerns primarily the phenomenological and hermeneutic traditions and especially Heidegger’s formulation of the notion of historicity as correlative to the 'event' of truth understood in terms of an interplay between disclosure and concealment (aAf)0eia) and Gadamer's understanding of 'meaning and historicity’ as an indispensable couplet for both philosophical hermeneutics and the social sciences. Nevertheless the present inquiry does not content itself with an exploration of the notions of 'meaning' and historicity' within the confines of the phenomenological-hermeneutic tradition, but rather attempts to attain a more adequate grasp of those concepts by a critical Juxtaposition of Heidegger and Gadamer with accounts that have the 'social' as their point of departure. Thus, Heidegger’s formulations on historicity are not only examined in relation to his 'immediate' legacy of German thought -especially Hegel and Nietzsche- but are also contrasted with conceptions of history pertaining to the Marxist tradition and especially Castoriadis’ conception of the social-historical. In effect, the contrast between 'historicity' and the workings of 'actual' history has arguably prevented a genuine dialogue between the Marxist and the phenomenological camps. Far from being concerned with a synthesis of those traditions or from being preoccupied with justifying either of them I have attempted to show that a combined reading of both is indispensable for the disclosure of the essential dimensions of historical experience. Castoriadis' emphasis on the ‘magmatic’ character of unconscious significations and his grounding of social-historical 'instituting' on the unconscious, together with Heidegger's attempt to link the primordial experience of history with myth have given me occasion to dissociate the very notion of 'meaning' from that of 'rationality'. This should not be interpreted as a rejection of rationality or as an -at bottom- ethical invocation of a return to a pre-Critical philosophical position but rather as an attempt to indicate the primordial manner in which history is accessible in experience and which arguably precedes any thematic theorizing of the historical realm. I have finally attempted to show the antinomies inherent in any attempt to grasp ‘rationally’ the social-historical by a detailed exploration of Gadamer's ambivalent conception of tradition’ and 'prejudice'. Gadamer’s conception of the ‘fusion of horizons’ gave me occasion to reflect further on the manner in which history and truth are made correlatively accessible in thought, in experience, and in historical praxis.
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El, Zaim Adel. "Représentation morphodynamique du sens linguistique : perception, conceptualisation, énonciation." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040102.
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Cette these presente un modele de representation du sens linguistique fonde sur une approche cognitive du langage et utilisant des graphes ou schemes issus de la theorie des catastrophes (thom,petitot) et de la semantique (pottier). La conception de l'acte de langage etendu aux deux dimensions cognitive et communicationnelle du langage humain fonde la necessite de prendre en consideration les operations de perception, de conceptualisation, de semiotisation de d'enonciation dans la construction-deconstruction-reconstruction du sens par l'enonciateur et l'interpretant. Ces operations portent sur des elements de base, les concepts et les noemes, et organisent des structures perceptivo-conceptuelles menat a des representations mentales d'un evenement. Au niveau linguistique, la semiotisation fournit la structure linguistique propre a une langue donnee, alors que l'enonciation actualise cette structure en des enonces ou texte. Le concept fondamental d'evenement permet d'organiser ces operations et de demontrer la pertinence de ces distinctions sur les quatre niveaux de l'acte de langage. Les elements constitutifs de ce concept sont ses composantes (entites et comportements), sa structure (simple et compose), sa nature (perceptif, phenemenologique, cognitif et nonciatif), ses types (evolutif, statif, causatif), et l'aire evenementielle a laquelle il appartient (existence, propriete, faire, cognitivite, localisation). Une autre distinction, fondamentale elle aussi, reside entre les operations et leur resultat, comme par exemple entre metaphorisation et metaphore, aspectualisation et aspect, modalisation et modalite).
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Labbe, Espéret Christiane. "Modélisation et conceptualisation : l'exemple du cycle du carbone." La Réunion, 2002. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/02_07_Labbe_Esp.pdf.
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Cette thèse porte sur la recherche des relations entre la modélisation didactique et la conceptualisation dans le cas du cycle du carbone et dans le cadre d'apprentissages d'élèves de seconde. Le cycle du carbone s'inscrit dans un contexte d'éducation à l'environnement. Nous avons recherché des réponses théoriques et empiriques à notre problématique. L'étude de la construction historique de trois concepts différents et des cycles de matière-cycles des éléments montre des conditions de possibilité, des obstacles et des processus particuliers à chacun mais aussi des constantes de conceptualisation. L'étude des données de la recherche sur la modélisation didactique fournit les références de conception et d'analyse de notre partie empirique. L'étude de la modélisation du cycle du carbone dans plusieurs classes de seconde et son analyse conduisent à identifier les différentes formes du ou des référents empiriques et montre le rôle des savoirs sociaux dans l'anticipation. L'analyse comparative montre la proximité des opérations intellectuelles de la modélisation et de la conceptualisation. Le niveau du concept du cycle du carbone est difficilement atteint par des élèves de seconde, les principales difficultés sont l'absence de prise en compte des données quantitatives et chimiques.
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Pfaff, Nathalie. "Processus de conceptualisation autour du théorème de Thalès." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H033.
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La géométrie enseignée en collège est souvent liée à l'étude des figures. La résolution d'un exercice nécessite le passage du dessin, en tant qu'illustration, au statut de figure, prenant en compte les relations mathématiques. Pour analyser ce passage dessin-figure, nous avons choisi d'étudier le théorème de Thalès. Notre objectif est de comprendre les processus de conceptualisation lors du passage dessin-figure. Nous montrons que, seule, une étude conjointe au plan des signifies et au plan des signifiants permet de comprendre ce passage. L’analyse historique montre que de nombreuses présentations du théorème ont existé. Celui-ci peut être associe a plusieurs types de figures ainsi qu'a plusieurs types de calcul, qu'il est nécessaire de prendre en compte pour comprendre les différents processus de conceptualisation. Cet inventaire de problèmes ne se limite pas à un point de vue mathématique mais est complète par une analyse des taches cognitives. A partir de cette construction du champ conceptuel, nous analysons l'enseignement actuel du théorème. Celui-ci s'avère souvent limite à l'apprentissage d'une "recette", ne prenant pas en compte les différentes situations. Ces différences ne peuvent être distinguées que par une étude ciblée sur le champ conceptuel. Une analyse affinée permet de repérer quelques filiations et ruptures conceptuelles inhérentes au savoir, que l'élève devra conceptualiser au cours de son développement cognitifThe geometry taught in secondary schools is often linked to the study of geometrical figures. To solve a problem, we must necessarily take a step from the concept of a drawing as an illustration, to that giving it the status of a geometrical figure, taking into account the mathematical relationships. To analyse this, we have chosen to study Thales' theorem. Our objective is to understand the process of conceptualization which occurs during the passage from drawing to geometrical figure. We hope to demonstrate that only by studying both from the point of view of the signified and the signifier, can we understand this process. Historical analysis shows that there have been many and varied presentations of this theorem. It may be associated with several different types of geometrical figures, as well as different types of calculations. We need to take this into account in order to understand the different processes of conceptualization. This inventory of problems cannot be limited to a mathematical viewpoint, but must be complemented by an analysis of the cognitive tasks involved. Starting from this constructionof the conceptual field, we then hope to analyse current teaching practices regarding this theorem. These often turn out to be limited to the repetition of a "formula", a sort of recipe, which do not take into account the different situations encountered. These differences can only be distinguisted by a study aimed at the conceptual field. An in-depth analysis will allow us to identify certain conceptual links and breaks inherent in the learning process, which the student must conceptualize during the course of the development of his her cognitive faculties
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Boyer, Catherine. "Conceptualisation de la reproduction végétale à l'école primaire." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H001.
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Cette recherche étudie et approfondit chez des enfants de l'école primaire, les conditions dans lesquelles s'opèrent l'assimilation et la construction de connaissances scientifiques. Cette étude développementale analyse, dans plusieurs classes, chez les enfants du CP au CE2, le glissement du concept quotidien vers le concept scientifique, à travers différentes situations didactiques. Eléments précurseurs et incontournables de la conceptualisation, les représentations initiales des enfants, s'avèrent particulièrement éloignées des concepts scientifiques et sont empreintes d'obstacles très résistants. Pensées sans relation entre elles, ces conceptions s'expriment principalement au niveau quotidien. Une rupture engendrée par des situations didactiques spécifiques, est indispensable pour atteindre une conception plus scientifique. Questionnement, observation et expérimentation concourent ainsi à cette rupture. Le conflit sociocognitif s'avère crucial et favorise la mise en exergue d'invariants opératoires scientifiques. La variété des signifiants joue également un rôle important. L'accession à une conception scientifique se traduit par un développement des relations entre les différents concepts. Si le quotidien se révèle un obstacle, le vocabulaire s'avère aussi être source de problème pour les jeunes élèves. Pour un même enfant, un même mot renverra à des conceptions différentes au cours du temps, tout comme un même niveau de formulation décontextualisée correspond, selon les enfants, à une conception quotidienne ou scientifique. Ce n'est qu'à travers une gestion de cas particuliers, en liaison avec la relation réciproque que peut être comprise la conceptualisation de l'enfant. De sorte que les concepts de graine, fleur et fruit relèvent d'un ordre relatif partiel. Et si vers 9 ans, la conceptualisation de la reproduction végétale devient scientifique, elle n'est pas encore, pour autant terminée, ni stabiliséeThis research studies and inquires into the conditions under which the assimilation and construction of scientific knowledge operate for primary school children. For several classes, from first-years infants to second-year primary this developmental study analyses the gradual shift from the everyday situations. It underlines that the inescapable precursor elements of conceptualization-children's initial representations are found to be very distant from scientific concepts and are fraught with very stubborn obstacles. Believed not to be interrelated, these conceptions are mainly expressed at everyday level. Consequently, a break brought about by specific didactic situations is indispensable if a more scientific conception is to be obtained. Questioning, observation and experimentation thus contribute towards this break. In this process the socio-cognitive conflict proves to be crucial and promotes the predominance of scientific operative invariants. The variety of signifiants also plays an important part. As regards accession to a scientific conception, this will come from a development of relationships between the different concepts. However, although the everyday concept is found to be an obstacle, vocabulary also proves to be a source of problems for the young pupil. For any one child one and the same word will awaken different conceptions over time, just as one and the same formulation level out of context will correspond in children's minds to an everyday or scientific conception. It is in fact only by dealing with individual cases, in conjuction with reciprocal relationship, that children's conceptualization can perhaps be understood. The concepts of seed, flower and fruit thus occur in a partial relative order and, if towards the age of 9 conceptualization of vegetable reproduction becomes scientifc, this does not mean that it is yet finalized or stabilized
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Ederlé, Nicolas. "Vision et pilotage d'entreprise : conceptualisation, représentation et pratiques." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090002.
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Cette thèse s'inscrit dans une volonté de fournir une représentation synthétique de ce qu'est une entreprise. La question de recherche centrale est ainsi : << comment le concept de vision peut-il servir à appréhender le pilotage de l'entreprise et à en donner une représentation globale ? >>. Pour y répondre nous adoptons une démarche abductive caractérisée par des allers-retours entre littérature et terrain. Notre méthodologie est qualitative. Notre étude empirique est constituée de 65 entretiens semi-directifs centres avec des dirigeants de 11 grands groupes français. L'analyse de contenu avec constitution d'un dictionnaire des termes est retenue pour traiter les données recueillies. Notre travail propose une mise en ordre de la littérature en 4 niveaux successifs et complémentaires (une vision attribut du leader; une vision partagée voire co-crée par l'organisation; une vision comme représentation collective et enfin, la gestion de la diversité comme contrepoids au risque d'une focalisation trop importante en direction de la vision poursuivie). Notre recherche fait également émerger différents profils d'entreprise correspondant à différentes articulations des mécanismes de pilotage(valeurs fondamentales, stratégies, paradigme, etc. ) autour de la vision. Ainsi, notre travail met à jour et propose une représentation d'un mode de << pilotage par la vision >> ou ces mécanismes encadrent la cognition, l'action et les stratégies au sein de l'organisation et les orientent vers l'atteinte de la vision. Plus largement, notre thèse montre que piloter une organisation exige qu'une attention particulière soit portée à 3 points : l'adaptation des actions au contexte dans lequel l'entreprise se trouve, la cohérence des stratégies avec les autres mécanismes de pilotage et le maintien d'une vigilance constante quant au dosage des actions décidées et à leur mise en oeuvre. Plus que l'application de <
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Varotsi, Evangelia. "Conceptualisation and exposition : a paradigm of character creation." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2015. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/2742/.
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While the concept of the fictional character has been widely discussed at an interdisciplinary level, a foundational theory of character creation in Creative Writing is yet to follow. As a result, Creative Writing students refer to post-construction analysis in Literary Theory, or even the formulaic advice often suggested by popular writing manuals. Aiming to fill this gap, and at the same time reconcile the chasm between Literary Theory and Creative Writing, my thesis shall initiate a paradigm of character creation, by combining creativity with craftsmanship. More specifically, my approach consists of two interrelated stages: Conceptualisation entails the conception of the character by means of authorial perception, imagination and judgement, which precedes her textual birth; and Exposition, which pertains to the conveyance of such a priori knowledge on paper. My research is conducted through both synthesis and critical analysis. I will be presenting, analysing and thus substantiating my own method of work and at the same time I will examine existing theories I wish to encompass or challenge. My sources are interdisciplinary: Literary Theory and Criticism, Cognitive Psychology, Theory of Mind, Theory of Person and Linguistics are some of them. Examples from Rick Moody’s The Ice Storm (1994), J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace (1999) and Sarah Waters’ Fingersmith (2002) will be used to support my hypotheses. I will not be presuming upon the novelists’ original intentions, but rather testing my own method against their texts.
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Tremblay, Agnès. "Conceptualisation infographique pour la réalisation d'une oeuvre plastique /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1988. http://theses.uqac.ca.
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Mémoire (M.A.)-- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1988.Ce travail de recherche a été réalisé à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi dans le cadre du programme de maîtrise en arts plastiques extensionné de l'Université du Québec à Montréal à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. CaQCU Bibliographie : p. 29-32. Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU
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Lee, Pui-Yin Micky. "UNESCO's conceptualisation of women and telecommunications, 1970-2000 /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3136430.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 293-307). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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McGrane, Joshua Aaron. "Unfolding the conceptualisation and measurement of ambivalent attitudes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5424.
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In the last two decades, ambivalence has emerged as one of the primary concerns of attitude researchers. The acknowledgement that individuals can simultaneously evaluate an attitude object as both positive and negative has challenged a number of the status quos of the attitude literature. This thesis utilises an unfolding approach to investigate the implications of ambivalence for the conceptualisation of attitudes and their measurement. Firstly, the assumption that ambivalence is at odds with the bipolar understanding of attitudes was investigated. The results suggested that ambivalence is consistent with bipolarity, whereby ambivalent attitudes are located at the centre of the bipolar dimension. Secondly, attitude scales for the abortion, euthanasia and Aboriginal Australians issues were constructed to reflect this bipolar understanding. The fit of these statements to Coombs’ (1964) unidimensional unfolding theory provided evidence that ambivalence is also consistent with the quantitative conceptualisation of attitudes. Together these results provided further validation of the unfolding approach to attitude measurement. These models alleviate many of the problems faced by the ubiquitous method of summated ratings, including the assessment of ambivalent evaluations. Finally, these scales were used to investigate the latent structure of attitudes and its relationship with meta-psychological judgements of ambivalence. The conclusions drawn from these analyses were limited by a number of issues, highlighting the importance of rigorously considering measurement issues for all attitude parameters. Nonetheless, they presented preliminary validation of these scales’ ability to measure ambivalent evaluations and suggested a systematic relationship between proximity to the centre of the evaluative dimension and metapsychological ambivalence. Overall, it is concluded that a number of assumptions regarding the implications of ambivalence are misplaced and the proposed solutions are even more troublesome. Suggestions for future research are made, particularly with respect to differentiating between ambivalent, indifferent and uncertain evaluative states. Furthermore, attitude researchers are encouraged to discard their operationalist biases in order to engage with the measurement issues illuminated throughout this thesis. This is necessary to account for the complexity of the attitude construct, which ambivalence is testament to.