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Journal articles on the topic 'Conception technique – Innovation'
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1
Mangematin, Vincent. "Entre marketing et innovation: la gestion du début du processus de compétition technologique." Recherche et Applications en Marketing (French Edition) 7, no. 4 (December 1992): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/076737019200700402.
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A l'aide de l'exemple des technologies de guidage routier, cet article montre comment tant les utilisateurs que les concurrents sont partiellement déterminés par les caractéristiques du produit. Il est dès lors indispensable de disposer d'une méthodologie d'analyse de la technique en train de se faire pour orienter à la fois les développements techniques et les actions de marketing. Le rôle des hommes de marketing est ainsi étendu aux phases de conception du produit.
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Vîlcu, Adrian, Ionuţ Nacu, Bogdan Vîrlan, Ionuţ-Viorel Herghiligiu, Sandu Lupăcescu, and Alin Dragomir. "Incremental Innovation Methodology that Combines Computerized Modelling and Simulation with Value Analysis and Engineering Method." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Electrical Engineering, Power Engineering, Electronics Section 68, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 27–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipie-2022-0020.
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Abstract Current research responds to the need to add value to a product right from the conception phase and incrementally whenever the product’s customers demand it. Thus, this paper presents a hybrid method of adding value to a single-phase asynchronous motor by combining computerized modelling and simulation of a single-phase asynchronous motor with an incremental innovation technique based on value analysis and engineering for functional optimization of this device. The methodology combines these two techniques to obtain a customer-oriented product with optimally dimensioned functions that correspond to the needs of the device’s customers. The novelty of the work consists of the research methodology, which includes the application of functional analysis method during the design and redesign stages of a single-phase asynchronous motor.
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Coles-Black, Jasamine, Ian Chao, Jason Chuen, Nathan Lawrentschuk, Dennis Gyomber, and Damien Bolton. "3D Printing – an avenue for accessible innovation in urology." Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine 4, no. 3 (September 2020): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/3dp-2020-0015.
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3D printing is a novel manufacturing technique that allows surgeons to turn their ideas into reality within the healthcare environment. While surgeons are accustomed to assuming a position of leadership where frontier technologies intersect with patient care, barriers to the uptake of 3D printing include lack of expertise among surgeons, and the perceived cost and inaccessibility of the technology. This special report highlights the ease and cost–effectiveness of this new technology with a uro-oncological lens. We highlight the example of a 3D printed flexible urostomy trainer developed to educate patients on stoma care prior to ileal conduit surgery, which was 3D printed in our hospital for £0.15 within an hour of conception by our urology department.
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Collin, Simon, Alexandre Lepage, and Léo Nebel. "Ethical and Critical Issues of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Systematic Review of the Literature." Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology 49, no. 4 (February 6, 2024): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21432/cjlt28448.
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Bien qu’ils aient été étudiés depuis les années 2000, les enjeux que suscitent les systèmes d’intelligence artificielle (IA) lorsqu’ils sont utilisés éducation (SIA-ED) font actuellement l’objet d’une attention croissante dans la littérature scientifique. Il est toutefois difficile d’en avoir une vue synthétique car ils sont abordés par les chercheurs et chercheuses au travers de terrains éducatifs, de techniques computationnelles et d’angles d’analyse hétérogènes. Aussi, l’objectif de cet article est de mener une revue systématique de la littérature sur les enjeux éthiques et critiques des SIA-ED afin d’en avoir un meilleur portrait. Une analyse de 58 documents scientifiques nous a amenés à identifier 70 enjeux éthiques et critiques des SIA-ED, que nous avons organisés sous 6 tensions : complexité des situations éducatives vs standardisation technique ; agentivité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs automatisation technique ; justice scolaire vs rationalité technique ; gouvernance scolaire vs conception technique ; besoin d’intelligibilité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs opacité technique ; dignité des acteurs et actrices scolaires vs exploitation des données.
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Hesser, Franziska, Daniela Groiß-Fürtner, Leona Woitsch, and Claudia Mair-Bauernfeind. "Ex-Ante Eco-Efficiency Assessment of Dendromass Production: Conception and Experiences of an Innovation Project." Land 12, no. 4 (April 6, 2023): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12040839.
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Rising demand for bio-based products exerts growing pressure on natural resources such as wood. The agricultural technique of short rotation coppice (SRC) to produce dendromass from fast growing trees has gained relevance to ease the pressure of demand for wood from forests. The European-funded project Dendromass4Europe supports the establishment of SRC in Western Slovakia and its biomass use for four new bio-based materials, in the context of a developing bioeconomy. Along with the development of the SRC and material value chains, eco-efficiency assessment is carried out to anticipate areas of critical concern and derive measures for improvement. Among many other assessment approaches, eco-efficiency assessment was conducted by combining Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and socio-economic assessment to optimize the whole production system towards eco-efficiency. An LCA study provided necessary data to assess the environmental performance. The added value and revenue results from the socio-economic assessment were used to assess the economic performance. The value chain of the moulded fibre parts shows the best eco-efficiency value, but only because its economic performance is comparatively strong. The lightweight boards have the least environmental impact but do not perform so well in terms of eco-efficiency. The overall eco-efficiency of the full value chain can be optimized only with a specific combination of all four dendromass-based materials within the whole production system.
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Abeguilé-Petit, Catherine. "Machinisme à vapeur et innovation dans la marine sous la Restauration : l’affaire de l’ingénieur Frimot (1790-1866)." Revue Historique des Armées 246, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rha.246.0100.
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Jeune ingénieur des Ponts et Chaussées passionné par l'évolution de l'énergie vapeur et de l'énergie hydraulique, qui servira de base à ses travaux, Jacques Frimot (1790-1866) établit en 1822 à Landerneau (département du Finistère), près de l'arsenal de Brest qui doit être son principal client, un établissement de construction de machines à vapeur de conception très innovante. Encouragé d'abord par les administrateurs de l'arsenal de Brest, qu'il équipe de ses premières machines à vapeur, destinées à l'épuisement des bassins de construction navale, Frimot élabore par la suite un modèle de machine marine à haute pression totalement inédit. Mais il avait repoussé sans doute trop loin et trop vite les capacités techniques de son temps car ses travaux, bien qu'ardemment soutenus par le physicien François Arago, ne sont pas reconnus à leur juste valeur et il se retrouve brutalement mis à l'écart en 1835. La marine de la Restauration, fragilisée par l'instabilité de ses ministères, n'était encore que peu réceptive au progrès technique national auquel elle apportera tant par la suite.
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Weymer, Alex Sandro Quadros, Heitor Takashi Kato, Claudimar Pereira Da Veiga, and Alex Antônio Ferraresi. "The Influence of Relational Learning of a Transnational Egocentric Network on Innovation Competence for Internationalization." Modern Applied Science 11, no. 7 (June 9, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v11n7p38.
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The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of a transnational egocentric network on the innovation competence for internationalization for a transnational focal organization—considered one of the main players in the telecommunications sector worldwide. The theoretical–empirical framework relies on the perspectives of innovation, relational learning, and relational embeddedness in inter-organizational networks. With regard to methodology, the design chosen for this research was data collection, since it deals with relational data treated dyadically, using the network analysis technique to identify the egocentric network configuration with the use of UCINET software. We conclude that the studied network is oriented toward innovation and the analyzed variables show a high degree of complexity, especially in relation to the wide-reaching treatment of innovation as overlapping with the traditional indicators and with an emphasis on technology or research and development. In this sense, the main contribution of this research is to show that the traditional conception of organizational competence as an internal resource can be extended to the perspective of relational embeddedness by considering innovation for internationalization as an inter-organizational level of competence, creating the need to undertake new studies that will complement the explanatory power, in addition to the learning dimensions, that are contemplated in this research.
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Nurbayan, Yayan, Sofyan Sauri, and Anwar Sanusi. "Developing an International Standardized Arabic Language Education Curriculum: Introducing a Conception-Focused Design and Outcome." Al-Ta'rib : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Palangka Raya 9, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/altarib.v9i2.3264.
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This research aimed to explore the concept of developing an international standard Arabic curriculum in universities. This curriculum development concept focused on curriculum design and graduate profiles. This study used a library research approach. The data analysis technique used the interactive data analysis model proposed by Miles et al including data collection, data reduction, data display, and concluding. The study's results showed that the development of an international standard curriculum viewed consisted of 10 steps, namely research and collection, planning, developing initial products, conducting preliminary tests in the field, revising products, conducting field tests, revising operational products, conducting operational testing in the field, final product revision, and deployment and implementation. Meanwhile, the profile of Arabic education program graduates formulated consisted of three aspects: graduates with competence as teachers, employability skills, and 21st-century skills. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to bring enlightenment and academic horizons to education providers in higher education in developing an international standard Arabic curriculum.
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Rueda Márquez de la Plata, Adela, and Pablo Alejandro Cruz Franco. "Analysis of the First Metallic Works That Represented a Geometric Innovation in Their Architectural Application: The Origin of the Architecture-Engineering Dichotomy." Metals 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13010032.
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This research analyses the geometric modifications and improvements that the application of the technique of metallurgy meant for architecture. In the early days of engineering and without having the historical burden that architecture bore, the small variations in the classical definition of geometry meant the greatest advances at a structural and conceptual level in the world of metal structures. The use of metal as a structural element capable of containing new uses and responding to the great challenges that progress required was definitive for the development of the new architecture and paradigms of the new century. The new metallic materials and their mathematical and constructive models were the cause and effect of what would be the basis of the great change in modern architecture and engineering and would lay the foundations of today’s world. The interaction of these two new disciplines, architecture and engineering, and their relationship with metal is the basis of this research, which aims to find out where, when, and how these geometric changes took place that started to change the conception of metal structures.
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Pöchhacker, Franz. "“Going simul?” Technology-assisted Consecutive Interpreting1." FORUM / Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2007): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/forum.5.2.06poc.
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La prédominance de l'interprétation consécutive à base de notes, développée et utilisée par la première génération d'interprètes de la Ligue des Nations en vue des longs discours prononcés à la tribune a été cruciale pour la professionalistion de l'interprétariat au 20e siècle. Cependant, ce mode a perdu sa prédominance face à l'interprétation simultanée assistée par la technologie. Suite à l'essort d'appareils d'enregistrement numérique au format de poche, la technique classique de l'interprétation consécutive doit peut être faire face à son plus grand défi. En effet, la combinaison entre la mémoire de l'interprète et ses notes est remplacée par un fichier audio qui sert de base à une interprétation simultanée rendue une fois que l'intervention source a été rendue. Lancé par l'interprète du SCIC, Michèle Ferrari en 2001, cette innovation technologique soulève un certain nombre de questions pour les practiciens et les chercheurs. Certaines questions ont été traitées à l'occasion de test initiaux. L'étude décrit ce nouveau mode hybride d'interprétation au vu de sa conception et des répercussion au niveau de la communication. De plus, l'article présente un projet de recherche de faible envergure conçu pour évaluer l'efficacité de cette technique. Sont également décrit l'équipement utilisé ainsi que le retour d'informaton de la part des interprètes professionnels ayant testé cette technique. Au vu des résultats de travaux sur le terrain menés à Bruxelles, cette étude se concentre sur la réception du rendu consécutif (simultané) perçu par le public.
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Giusti, Nicoletta. "Le travail en atelier comme forme d’organisation du processus de création dans la Mode." Sociologie et sociétés 43, no. 1 (May 25, 2011): 149–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1003535ar.
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L’activité d’innovation prend, dans la Mode, la forme d’une répétition obligée et offre l’occasion aux chercheurs d’observer, en détail et en pratique, la génération de l’innovation. La littérature existante, tant dans les cultural studies qu’en sociologie des organisations, se concentre le plus souvent sur le niveau interorganisationnel, selon une hypothèse qui relie la production de l’innovation aux conditions du marché ; la « production » devient alors essentiellement « circulation d’une innovation donnée comme acquise ». Le concept de « créativité diffuse », développé dans les fashion studies, met l’accent sur les dynamiques à la fois intra- et infra-organisationnelles, offrant ainsi une bonne perspective pour l’analyse empirique des activités liées à la génération de l’innovation dans la Mode. Le « travail en atelier » est le cadre idéal-typique que l’auteure propose ici pour comprendre l’organisation du travail d’innovation, avec ses caractéristiques d’activité de création réitérée, collective et négociée. Ce cadre permet de transformer un « voyage d’innovation » complexe, et donc difficile à saisir par des catégories discrètes, en une routine compliquée. Le travail en atelier est fondé sur une coordination obtenue à travers la réalisation d’objets intermédiaires de la conception et l’imposition d’échéances, sur une technologie à lien faible et une autorité de nature personnelle, sur un système planifié d’ouvertures et de fermetures du noyau technique et sur l’administration par corps de métiers.
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Sen, Binayak, Mozammel Mia, G. M. Krolczyk, Uttam Kumar Mandal, and Sankar Prasad Mondal. "Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluids in Minimum Quantity Lubrication Assisted Machining: A Review on the Perception of Sustainable Manufacturing." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology 8, no. 1 (October 15, 2019): 249–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00158-6.
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AbstractIn modern days, the conception of sustainability has progressively advanced and has begun receiving global interest. Thus, sustainability is an imperative idea in modern research. Considering the recent trend, this review paper presents a summary of the previously published research articles on minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) assisted machining. The requirement to stir towards sustainability motivated the researchers to revise the effects of substitute lubrication methods on the machining. Conventional lubri-cooling agents are still extensively employed when machining of engineering alloys, but the majority of the recent papers have depicted that the utilization of vegetable oil, nanofluids, and nanoplatelets in MQL system confers superior machining performances as compared to conventional lubrication technology. In actual, the definite principle of this manuscript is to re-examine modern advancements in the MQL technique and also explore the benefits of the vegetable oil and nanofluid as a lubricant. In brief, this paper is a testimony to the advancing capabilities of eco-friendly MQL technique which is a viable alternative to the flood lubrication technology, and the outcomes of this review work can be contemplated as a movement towards sustainable machining.
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Theodar, Caleb, and Saranya P. "Script to Screen: Refining the Sense of Screenwriting and Directorial Cinema in Adapting The Da Vinci Code." Information & Media 96 (February 20, 2023): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2023.96.62.
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This research mainly explores the connection between Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code, with the filmmaker’s cinematic depiction of literature. Ron Howard as an adaptation director in the Hollywood industry is evaluated in the context of his auteurism and examined his approach of repudiating a substantial portion of the Catholic secrets which dodged the predicament of fidelity, a core of conventional Film Adaptation. Disregarding the controversy, fidelity is indeed a deliberate action overtly brought by the auteurist vision resulting from screenwriting. This article explores the modern implications of screenwriting on auteurist function, aiming at how Hollywood’s conception of the director’s auteurism in cinema works and the film’s artistic approaches from the novel to the screenplay. This study illustrates that the adaptation highlights the author’s and his work’s superiority yet emphasises the director’s technique as inevitable during the transposition.
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Sele, Yunawati. "Optimizing the potential of children learning in science (clis) with brain gym: review on human circulatory concepts." Biosfer 12, no. 2 (November 19, 2019): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.v12n2.238-248.
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Learning innovation is an effort to improve the quality of learning. One form of innovation is the integration of brain gym learning techniques and various learning models, including the Children Learning in Science (CLIS) model. However, so far, there has never been a study of learning innovations through the integration of brain gym techniques with the CLIS model. This study aims at finding out the optimizing of the Children Learning in Science (CLIS) models with brain gym to empower students' human circulatory conception. This study is quasi-experimental research of pretest-posttest Nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was the students of class XI MIA SMA Negeri 7 Kupang, which consisted of 173 students. The sample of this study were students of class XI MIA1 and XI MIA 2, which consisted of 61 students. The instrument used was a test of human circulatory conception developed by Andriani (2017). The results showed that the increase in students' human circulatory conception in CLIS learning combined with a gym is 40.61% higher than the increase in students' human circulatory conception in CLIS learning. It can be concluded that the application of brain gym can optimize Children Learning In Science (CLIS) potential in empowering students' human circulatory conception.
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Bravo-Mosquera, Pedro David, Nelson David Cisneros-Insuasti, Fabiola Mosquera-Rivadeneira, and Bryann Avendaño-Uribe. "STEM Learning Based on Aircraft Design: An Interdisciplinary Strategy Developed to Science Clubs Colombia." Ciencia y Poder Aéreo 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 204–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18667/cienciaypoderaereo.629.
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This article describes a STEM learning strategy based on aircraft design in order to promote the development of aeronautical science in Colombia. This teaching strategy was developed by specialized instructors from the Science Clubs Colombia program, seeking to stimulate in young Colombian students their passion for science, technology, and innovation, and in the process, create an international network of academic collaborations. Bloom’s taxonomy was used to classify and select both the educational objectives, as well as the teaching plan of the science club. STEM activities that encourage students to perform hands-on learning experiences were the basis of this framework. Essentially, interdisciplinary activities involving aeronautics, electronics, computational simulations, and technical drawing; characterized this science club. As a result, the students were able to design, manufacture and test their own hand-launched air-model, applying all steps of the scientific method: the conception of ideas, design, execution of experiments, and communication of results. After the first flight tests of the air-models, the students disclosed an ability to apply their mathematics knowledge in conjunction with their science learning on the forces of flight, in order to improve their launching technique. Therefore, both the time and range of the air-models were enhanced. Finally, both students and instructors benefited throughout the learning interaction, since it was the first time that a rural community is the scenario of an aeronautical engineering training process. It is expected that the dissemination of this material will contribute to the Colombian aeronautical community, giving outlooks for new research proposals and cooperation frameworks between government entities and universities.
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Savchenko, Нanna. "Multifigure Technique in Igor Stravinsky’s Orchestral Composing of the Neoclassical Period (on the example of the ballet “Apollon Musagète”)." Aspects of Historical Musicology 19, no. 19 (February 7, 2020): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-19.11.
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Background. The issue of time in Igor Stravinsky’s works attracts the attention of researchers constantly. The time is studied through revealing the meter and rhythm specifics of the works (the concept of irregular-accent rhythm (a term of V. Kholopova). In our opinion, in the study of the temporal and spatial parameter another reversal is possible – in the aspect of orchestration as a means of material and sound objectification of a composer’s conception in time and space. Taking into account the evolution of I. Stravinsky’s composer thinking, this approach allows us to demonstrate those changes that took place in the orchestration of the composer, and to reveal certain constants, universals (S. Savenko) of orchestral thinking and orchestration as a set of technological methods. Analysis of recent research and publications. The theme of time and its specificity in Igor Stravinsky’s works is studied discreetly in the monograph by S. Savenko (2001), which discusses it in connection with the study of meter and rhythm, motif technique, musical form. The notion of space is not a scientific problem in the monograph, but the author discusses it in relation to texture and orchestration. The separate sections of the monograph by M. Druskin (1982) are devoted to the issues of time (Motion) and space (Space). In the first one, the musicologist emphasizes the importance of the visual images and body movements for the composer. The author distinguishes two approaches of I. Stravinsky to the course of time: the first approach evenly regulates it, the second one constantly violates it, because it is full of emotions and psychic states (Druskin, 1982: 135). In the section Space, M. Druskin (1982: 140–141) emphasizes the composer’s intended attitude to the issue of space organization, in which he continues the discovery by Claude Debussy. The essence of innovation lies in the creation of a multicenter composition that involves the coexistence of many points of view (1982: 143–150). O. Sokol (1974) also discusses the above concept of time but in order to substantiate the principle of similarity in the creative method of the composer. A special study on the issue of rhythm and time in I. Stravinsky’s works is the doctoral dissertation by A. Makina (2010). The analysis of the rhythmic and temporal structures and the rhythmic technique of the Symphony of Wind Instruments allows the author to conclude that “Stravinsky’s innovation is to strengthen the structural rhythmic component of the composition as an alternative to tonal development...” (Makina, 2010: 12). Objectives of the researching. In the above works, the orchestration by I. Stravinsky as a system of technological methods of organizing material in time and space does not become a subject of special study. Therefore, the aim of this article is to study the specifics of the spatial and temporal organization of I. Stravinsky’s composition as exemplified by the work of his neoclassical period (the ballet Apollon Musagète) in the aspect of orchestral composing. Discussion and results. In the early works, I. Stravinsky develops the orchestral technique of composing based on the multi-figure principle. It allowed the composer to embody in his artistic system new ideas about time and space according to the worldview, which has changed dramatically in the modern culture. The figure in the orchestral texture means, as we define it, a formula that is delineated with intonational, rhythmic, texture, register, and timbre means, or with a set of means outlined in a plastic-characteristic, visual way. It can be repeated accurately (ostinato) or alternatively. The multifigure technique in horizontal projection is realized at microand macro-syntactic levels. In the organization of time, it generates increased eventfulness, semantic density. In vertical projection, the multifigure technique is manifested in the combination of different figures in a polysyllable texture organized on the principle of complementarity. This enriches the orchestral texture with spaciousness. The preservation of the multifigure technique as a constant of I. Stravinsky’s composer thinking comes from the peculiarities of his style system. The style of the composer, according to many researchers, is based on the dialectical interaction of universal (stable) and variant (mobile) aspects at different levels of stylistic integrity. The orchestration parameter contains new “neoclassical” qualities and stable orchestra composing techniques (the multifigure technique). Let us turn to the ballet Apollon Musagète (1928). The selected composition of the orchestra is expressly “classical”: the string orchestra forms a timbre-soldered organism, devoid of the bright color of woodwind and brass instruments. The result is a monochrome sound, essentially continuous, because it does not change its timbre throughout the ballet. In the works of the neoclassical period, the composer reproduces certain qualities of the model (Savenko, 1977). We assume that purposeful continuous time and homogeneous space are also subject to simulation. A powerful means of modeling continuous time is the “long” melody that the composer designs. Its unfolding in the context of timbre monochromaticism really creates an auditory illusion of a timeless expression that goes on in time. However, a visual analysis of the score testifies to the effect of the multifigure technique, which imparts a process of discreteness. The figures help break the melody line, register contrasts, timbre interception. Vertically, based on the figure composing, counterpoints and duplications (usually inaccurate) are built, which violates the homogeneity of the space and gives it a variable density. Conclusions. The analysis of the scores of the ballet Apollon Musagète has shown the effect of the constant principle of multifigure technique. The multifigure technique undergoes modifications, as it interacts with the techniques that matured in the neoclassical period (“long” melody, monochrome timbre), and it aimed at modeling the “classical” directed continuous time and homogeneous space. As a result, the multifigure technique breaks the continuity of time by giving it discreteness; creates an inhomogeneous space. The author sees the prospects of the study in the analysis of opera scores, in which the multifigure technique comes in the complex interaction with the words.
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David, Christian. "Dans quel esprit aborder le premier entretien ?" Revue française de psychanalyse o 62, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfp.g1998.62n1.0087.
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Résumé Quel que soit l'intérêt des interrogations, voire des innovations techniques concernant l'abord analytique des patients futurs analysants ou non , si nécessaire que soit l'évolution de la théorie de la technique en fonction de celle de la pathologie (avec le spectre d'une montée de l'inanalysibilité), c'est d'abord et principalement de l'esprit dans lequel l'analyste traite la rencontre, intimement lié à sa conception globale de la psychanalyse, que dépendent la conduite de l'entretien préliminaire, son retentissement et ses suites.
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Eze, Emmanuel Chidiebere, Onyinye SOFOLAHAN, Adesoji Anthony ADEGBOYEGA, and Kenneth John SAIDU. "Factors Limiting the Full-scale Adoption of Process and Product Innovation in the Nigerian Construction Industry." SEISENSE Journal of Management 2, no. 3 (May 14, 2019): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i3.145.
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Purpose- The aim of this study is to assess the factors limiting the full-scale adoption of process and product innovation by construction organizations in Nigeria with a view to suggesting probable ways of eliminating them
Design/Methodology- The study adopted a questionnaire survey approach in which data were collected from the participants using simple random sampling techniques in the study area. Frequency, percentage, mean item score, and Independent sample T-test was used to analyze the gathered data.
Findings- It was found that poor funding, poor support and commitment from management, fragmented nature of the construction business, poor coordination and communication among project participants, lack of qualified and experienced staff and the unwillingness of clients to pay for innovative ideas are the factors limiting innovations in construction.
Practical Implications- The outcome of this study will give the management of construction-based organizations an insight into the major limiting factors of innovation, so that appropriate strategies for overcoming them could be developed at the conception stage of construction projects.
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María Victoria Castro Casanova. "Estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras que favorecen la inclusión escolar de estudiantes con capacidades diversas en Básica Primaria desde un currículo flexible." GACETA DE PEDAGOGÍA, no. 40 (August 20, 2021): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56219/rgp.vi40.925.
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El artículo se fundamenta en el constructo teórico con respecto a la innovación de estrategias pedagógicas que la escuela actual debe considerar para favorecer la inclusión escolar. La investigación se llevó a cabo porque la inclusión no debe verse como un requisito de ley, sino como un principio de toda escuela. El objetivo principal es realizar una revisión teórica sobre las estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras que favorezcan la inclusión escolar de estudiantes con capacidades diversas en aulas regulares de básica primaria. A los datos recolectados se les dio un abordaje con enfoque cualitativo y diseño documental bibliográfico, se implementó la técnica de análisis e interpretación mediante el razonamiento dialéctico de los documentos y bibliografía consultada que dan cuenta de los referentes teóricos trabajados, que soportan las estrategias pedagógicas las cuales garantizan una educación inclusiva de calidad, equidad y fomentan la cohesión social.
ABSTRACT
The article is based on the theoretical construct regarding the innovation of pedagogical strategies that the current school must consider to promote school inclusion. The research was carried out because inclusion should not be seen as a requirement of law, but as a principle of every school. The main objective is to carry out a theoretical review on innovative pedagogical strategies that favor the school inclusion of students with diverse abilities in regular elementary school classrooms. The collected data were given an approach with a qualitative approach and bibliographic documentary design, the analysis and interpretation technique was implemented through dialectical reasoning of the documents and consulted bibliography that account for the theoretical references worked, which support the pedagogical strategies the which guarantee an inclusive education of quality, equity and promote social cohesion.
Key words: school inclusion, pedagogical and innovative strategies, flexible curriculum, diverse abilities, basic primary.
RÉSUMÉ
L'article est basé sur le construit théorique concernant l'innovation des stratégies pédagogiques que l'école actuelle doit envisager pour promouvoir l'inclusion scolaire. La recherche a été menée parce que l'inclusion ne doit pas être considérée comme une exigence de la loi, mais comme un principe de chaque école. L'objectif principal est de réaliser une revue théorique sur les stratégies pédagogiques innovantes qui favorisent l'inclusion scolaire d'élèves aux capacités diverses dans les classes ordinaires du primaire. Les données recueillies ont fait l'objet d'une approche avec une approche qualitative et une conception documentaire bibliographique, la technique d'analyse et d'interprétation a été mise en œuvre à travers le raisonnement dialectique des documents et la bibliographie consultée qui rendent compte des références théoriques travaillées, qui soutiennent les stratégies pédagogiques qui garantissent une une éducation inclusive de qualité, d'équité et de promotion de la cohésion sociale.
Mots clés: inclusion scolaire, stratégies pédagogiques et innovantes, programme flexible, capacités diverses, primaire de base.
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Huang, Yingmei. "Exploration of the Makeup Design Art of Animal Stage Makeup." Journal of Education and Educational Research 6, no. 2 (December 10, 2023): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v6i2.14985.
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This paper focuses on the art of makeup design about animal stage makeup, including its relationship with stage performance, design conception and production program and practical application research. It is found that the design of animal stage makeup not only requires artistry and innovation, but also precise realization techniques and methods. At the same time, mastering the design conception and makeup modeling production methods is crucial for stage makeup design. In addition, the development of modern makeup materials and techniques provides a broader creative space for makeup artists, and the education and inheritance of animal stage makeup cannot be ignored.
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Didier, John. "Corporéité et créativité, entre traditions et innovations." Swiss Journal of Educational Research 38, no. 1 (September 19, 2018): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24452/sjer.38.1.4971.
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Les disciplines artisanales sont traditionnellement associées à la transmission de gestes techniques dans un contexte scolaire. Devenues les ambassadrices de la créativité dans le cadre de la scolarité obligatoire, ces disciplines techniques aux représentations manuelles nous amènent à repenser les gestes techniques et les savoirs à enseigner aux élèves. En introduisant des démarches de conception au sein de l’agir enseignant en activités créatrices et manuelles, nous réactivons la question de la corporéité, de ces savoirs et de ces techniques corporelles, en phase avec les pratiques sociales d’aujourd’hui. Aussi, développer la créativité en tant capacité à produire des idées innovantes et adaptées, renvoie à enseigner des tâches complexes telles que la résolution de problèmes (Bonnardel, 2006). De ce fait, l’élève apprend à anticiper, analyser et évaluer quels types de ressources devront être mobilisées dans l’action. À mi-chemin entre tradition et innovation, la corporéité nous rend attentifs à ces savoirs liés aux représentations et à l’évolution de ces techniques corporelles.
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Ramírez Masferrer, Javier Angel, Juan Herrera Herbert, and Paz Kindelan Echevarría. "Innovative Development of Student Skills in Raw Materials Engineering Programs." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 8, no. 1 (February 16, 2022): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_008.001_0004.
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The CDIO Initiative (Conceive, Design, Implement, Operate), successfully adopted in those engineering disciplines where the final result is the design and engineering of an innovative product, had not achieved such penetration, however, in other areas such as mining, metallurgy, or civil engineering where conception, design, and implementation do not result in a product, but in a complex process or system (e.g., mining extraction). Since 2015, financed with funds from the European Union, different projects have been developed to implement this methodology in these areas, which have continued later with the universities' own funds. The objective of this work is to show one of these projects of the educational innovation group "Innovatio Educativa Tertio Millenio" of the Technical University of Madrid during the past academic years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, working with two specific techniques such as active learning and design thinking. By making students solve real problems and come up with realistic solutions, they worked on key competencies and could experiment without fear of failure.
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MESQUITA, DANIEL LEITE, ALEX FERNANDO BORGES, ANTÔNIO CARLOS DOS SANTOS, JOEL YUTAKA SUGANO, and TAIS CASTRO VELOSO. "DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES IN AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTANTS REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES: CASE STUDY." RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie 18, no. 3 (June 2017): 15–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-69712017/administracao.v18n3p15-41.
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ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamic capabilities related to the generation of pollutant reduction techniques according with Teece's proposition. In order to do so, we developed a case study in a Brazilian automaker. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: This paper discusses empirically aspects of creation of dynamic capabilities and innovations from its foundations. The originality of the study resides in a clearer understanding inside an organization the conception of dynamic capabilities and innovations through time. Key methodological aspects: In this paper, an automaker was studied, focusing on interviewers' interpretations concerning on the creation of reduction of pollutants technologies. The data collected were qualitative and they were analyzed through the technique of content analysis. Summary of key results: As main results, we observed that Integration and development capabilities were found and they were characterized as dynamic capabilities in the sense that, they are all based in the automaker's adaptation to its external environment. The path dependence of the automaker was also observed, through all the innovations that were created during the automaker's history towards more efficient and less pollutant vehicles. Key considerations/conclusions: Summarizing, the automaker seeks to ‘perceive' its dynamic capabilities from market's actions, since the organization has an historical path and also its R&D capabilities. So on the seizing phase of the Dynamic Capabilities, the organization seeks to ‘create value' to its customers.
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Shan, Gongbing, and Xiang Zhang. "Soccer Scoring Techniques—A Biomechanical Re-Conception of Time and Space for Innovations in Soccer Research and Coaching." Bioengineering 9, no. 8 (July 23, 2022): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9080333.
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Background: Scientifically, both temporal and spatial variables must be examined when developing programs for training various soccer scoring techniques (SSTs). Unfortunately, previous studies on soccer goals have overwhelmingly focused on the development of goal-scoring opportunities or game analysis in elite soccer, leaving the consideration of player-centered temporal-spatial aspects of SSTs mostly neglected. Consequently, there is a scientific gap in the current scoring-opportunity identification and a dearth of scientific concepts for developing SST training in elite soccer. Objectives: This study aims to bridge the gap by introducing effective/proprioceptive shooting volume and a temporal aspect linked to this volume. Method: the SSTs found in FIFA Puskás Award (132 nominated goals between 2009 and 2021) were quantified by using biomechanical modeling and anthropometry. Results: This study found that players’ effective/proprioceptive shooting volume could be sevenfold that of normal practice in current coaching. Conclusion: The overlooked SSTs in research and training practice are commonly airborne and/or acrobatic, which are perceived as high-risk and low-reward. Relying on athletes’ talent to improvise on these complex skills can hardly be considered a viable learning/training strategy. Future research should focus on developing player-centered temporal-spatial SST training to help demystify the effectiveness of proprioceptive shooting volume and increase scoring opportunities in soccer.
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HUNG, YU-CHERNG, SHAO-HUI SHIEH, and CHIOU-KOU TUNG. "A SURVEY OF LOW-VOLTAGE LOW-POWER TECHNIQUES AND CHALLENGES FOR CMOS DIGITAL CIRCUITS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 20, no. 01 (February 2011): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126611007104.
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Low-power design is an important research in recent years. A huge amount of papers in the open literature until now were proposed to deal with various low-power issues, including technology innovation, circuit/logic design techniques, algorithm realization, and architecture/system selection. Due to the high-energy electron effect and reliability consideration, it is necessary to further reduce the supply voltage of integrated circuit in CMOS sub-micro technologies. However, it is hard to get a whole view for various low-power low-voltage techniques in a short time. In this paper, the motivations and challenges of CMOS low-voltage low-power circuit are addressed. Various design methodologies are surveyed and summarized in whole. The paper attempts to quickly give readers a full-view conception in low-voltage low-power CMOS system design.
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Halim, Erwin Ardianto, Eakachat Joneurairatana, Jirawat Vongphantuset, and Pairoj Jamuni. "“Mamuli” Pattern in East Sumba Woven Fabric as Inspiration For “Kandunnu” Standing Lamp Using the IMOE Method." International Society for the Study of Vernacular Settlements 10, no. 8 (August 10, 2023): 72–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.61275/isvsej-2023-10-08-06.
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Inspiration is a crucial factor in the conception and development of innovative design products. In the contemporary creative world, an innovative product transcends mere aesthetic factors, encompassing intrinsic values. This study investigates a framework for transforming Mamuli pattern, found in East Sumba woven fabric, into a contemporary and innovative product, in the form of a standing lamp. This effort aimed to guide designers and design students in the precise and effective transformation of local culture. Innovation was done through materialization, observation and experimentation (IMOE). They were applied to cultural artifacts, structured across four levels, namely the inner, middle, outer, and experimental. The experimental element assumed a central role in the methodology. The inner level encompassed the meanings and symbols of the cultural artifact (Mamuli pattern), while the middle level involved its creative process. The outer level represented the physical appearance, including materials, colors, and ornaments. The experimental element involved the creative process of transforming the cultural artifact into a contemporary form. The experiment targeted designers and design students, facilitating the creation of contemporary products through a culturally-sensitive transformation, fostering innovations. Developed through an ethno-mathematical theory and experimental folding techniques, it generated experimental innovative product designs. It transformed Mamuli pattern from East Sumba woven fabric into Kandunnu standing lamp, drawing inspiration from both the outer and inner levels.
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Chen, Zhilei, Baichuan Wang, Yishan Yuan, and Luhan Zhang. "From Conception to Revelation: Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing Explored." Transactions on Materials, Biotechnology and Life Sciences 3 (March 24, 2024): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/78ajvf27.
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Prenatal testing plays a crucial role in addressing the inherent unpredictability of genetic disorders that can affect unborn children. Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) has emerged as a groundbreaking tool in the realm of prenatal care, enabling the early detection of chromosomal abnormalities. By examining fetal DNA present in the mother's bloodstream, NIPT has achieved remarkable accuracy rates, surpassing invasive techniques that carry inherent risks. However, with these advancements come ethical considerations. The results of NIPT can significantly influence a mother's decision regarding the continuation or termination of pregnancy. This decision can be further complicated by religious beliefs, which often play a pivotal role in guiding choices related to pregnancy. Moreover, receiving a positive result from NIPT can subject expectant mothers to profound emotional stress, highlighting the need for comprehensive counseling and support services. In addition to these ethical concerns, practical limitations persist. The cost of NIPT remains a substantial barrier for many families, potentially limiting its accessibility. Furthermore, NIPT's accuracy can be influenced by factors such as gestational age, with tests often yielding inconclusive results when fetal fractions are low. Despite these challenges, technological innovations, including microarrays and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), have bolstered the capabilities of NIPT. These advancements enable a more comprehensive assessment of fetal DNA, enhancing the overall quality of prenatal care. As NIPT continues to evolve and integrate with broader genomic technologies, society must engage in thoughtful reflection on its implications. The potential normalization of pregnancy terminations based on genetic information underscores the importance of ethical and societal discussions surrounding the use of NIPT, with a focus on preserving informed patient choices and ensuring comprehensive support for expectant parents facing difficult decisions.
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Aparicio, Miriam. "University Pathways of Graduate Students: Professionalization, Innovation and Identity. A French-Argentine Comparative Study." European Journal of Social Science Education and Research 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/665nnr29t.
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This article presents findings from two studies carried out with fourth level university students in Argentina, namely Argentine PhDs working at UNCuyo, and with a second group made up of PhDs who are taking part in Professionalization programs (Programs of International Cooperation) in France. This is a comparative study. It is thought that after showing a certain level of excellence and being in contact with other cultures, differences between the groups may exist in terms of perspectives for future work, the role of innovation and competencies to be developed. Various hypotheses were considered. Both studies included common variables related to issues that affect, on the one hand, the effectivity and quality of the University as it relates to the working world and, on the other hand, personal and professional pathways. We focused on Professionalization, Identity and Innovation, variables that involve individuals and contexts interacting with one another. The methodology was quanti-qualitative. Techniques used were semi-structured surveys, interviews and focus groups. The findings show convergences, divergences and silences in the different groups with respect to Innovation, both in its conception and roots and with respect to the future world of work (effects). The findings renew interest in education and employment policies in the face of the demands and changes that the future workplace will require.
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Aggarwal, Shruti, M. Suchithra, N. Chandramouli, Macha Sarada, Amit Verma, D. Vetrithangam, Bhaskar Pant, and Biruk Ambachew Adugna. "Rice Disease Detection Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Techniques to Improvise Agro-Business." Scientific Programming 2022 (June 24, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1757888.
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Agro-business is highly dependent on rice quality and its protection from diseases. There are several prerequisites for the procedures and the strategies that are productive and efficient for expanding the harvest yield. The advancement in computer science has supported various domains; agricultural innovation is one of them. The apparatuses which utilize the strategies of advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning have been featured in this paper. These techniques attain abnormally productive outcomes for the recognition of infections engrossing the images of leaves, fields of harvest, or seeds. In this context, this work presents a survey that focuses on accuracy agribusiness for expanding the conception of rice, which is one of the main harvests on the planet. In this paper, the overview and examination of various papers distributed in the most recent eight years with various methodologies identified with crop diseases identification, the health of seedlings, and quality of grain have been introduced. Experiments are performed for knowledge extraction using Web of Science and Scopus databases to analyze research trends in the domain of rice disease identification using artificial intelligence using global analysis, year-wise and country-wise citations, and so on to support various researchers working in this domain.
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Shutko, Serhii. "Contemporary Music Directing — Innovation or Adventure?" Часопис Національної музичної академії України ім.П.І.Чайковського, no. 3-4(52-53) (December 14, 2021): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2414-052x.3-4(52-53).2021.251822.
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The author considered the problem of the artistic integrity of the opera in terms of finding ways to renew the musical theater of Ukraine, caused by socio-cultural challenges of today. The article clarifies the fragmentary nature of scientific research on the issue with the priority of musicological aspect and insufficient research of theatrical aspects, which requires a new comprehensive understanding of the director's concept in musical theater.The problem of artistic integrity of opera performance in the conditions of search ways to update the musical theater of Ukraine caused by sociocultural challenges of the present is considered. The article clarifies the fragmentary nature of scientific investigations of the problem with the priority of musicology and insufficient research of theatrical aspects, which requires a new comprehensive understanding of the director's concept in musical theater. The methodology of research key moments of the chosen subject is outlined: modern directorial approaches to creation of artistic integrity of opera performance — structural and functional; the concept of training musical theater directors in the realities of today — systems analysis; vectors of renewal of directorial approaches to the interpretation of works — semiotic. The purpose of the research is formulated — to determine the director's concept of creating the artistic integrity of opera performance in the context of updated synthesis of means of expression of different arts, based on harmonious artistic and research training. The main components of directorial content in solving art work in accordance with the modern possibilities proposed by the theater stage are analyzed. Director's approaches, techniques, means of expression aimed at an organic combination of different arts and achievements of science to find a new synthesis in the embodiment of opera performances are revealed. It is proved that in modern researches of the artistic integrity of the opera performance the mainly musicological aspect is revealed. The analysis of directorial incarnations of operas reflects the achievements of scientific thought at the end of the last century and needs to be reconsidered from the standpoint of the present. The study of directorial interpretations of opera performances in Ukraine makes it possible to state the existence of problems both at the stage of conception and during its implementation, which is due to aesthetic approaches of the end of the last century. The importance of universal training of a musical theater director, able to combine all the components of artistic synthesis into a complete performance with the help of a production team and creative staff, is revealed. Renewal of directorial approaches in the interpretation of operas involves the use of original techniques with the synthesis of traditional and innovative means of expression. The scientific novelty of the research is to establish causal links between integrative artistic and research, research training of the specialist and his ability to produce the latest original ideas in the context of staging. Prospects for further scientific explorations of key aspects of the typology of modern opera directing in the socio-cultural realities of today are predicted.
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Khandavalli, Yasaswi, Seema Rai, and Rama Singodiya Lodha. "Does increasing the number of inseminations per cycle increase the probability of conception? a randomized trial comparing single versus double intrauterine insemination." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 3171. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20203076.
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Background: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) remains an inexpensive, non-invasive, and effective first-line artificial insemination technique. The technique of IUI has evolved through various innovations since the time Cohen published the first report of IUI in 1962, and the success rate increased from 5% to >20%. The success of IUI depends upon several factors; two such prognostic factors are the timing and frequency of insemination. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of single versus double intrauterine insemination.Methods: This prospective randomized study was carried out in 130 patients with male factor infertility, PCOS and unexplained infertility. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups. In the first group of 65 patients, single IUI was applied at 36 to 40 hours after HCG administration, to the other 65 patients in the second group, double IUIs were applied at 12 to 16 hours and 36 to 40 hours after HCG administration. The primary end-point of the study was to compare the clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups.Results: The overall pregnancy rate was 18.46% (12/65) for single IUI group and 30.76% (20/65) for double IUI group. There was a no statistically significant difference between single and double IUI groups (p=0.16).Conclusions: This study did find a higher pregnancy rate following double IUI; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Further, larger sample size studies are required to determine if double IUI increases the pregnancy rate.
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Hasanuddin, Hasanuddin, Umar Fauzan, and Noor Malihah. "Revolutionizing Education: The Islamic Perspective on Merdeka Belajar Curriculum and its Successful Implementation at a Middle School in East Kalimantan." AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan 15, no. 4 (November 19, 2023): 4568–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i4.4341.
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This research aims to discuss the revolutionizing Education in Indonesia that shows the problem in campaigning for the Merdeka Belajar curriculum because the curriculum always develops and keeps up with the times. Updating the curriculum is essential to provide students with an education that meets future needs. As well as teachers at MTs Negeri East Kalimantan follow the Ministry of Education and Culture policy, whereas the Ministry of Religion adapts according to the learning needs of the madrasah to strengthen Islamic Religious Education, which is its characteristics. The data analysis technique uses a single data analysis method based on phenomena by Larkin and Thompson (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis) and comparative analysis techniques by Chris Ryan (Cross-Case Analysis). Besides that, the data validity test used Norman K. Denzin's theory in three stages: data source, theory, and method triangulation. The results show that the conception of Merdeka Belajar from an Islamic perspective puts forward Holistic Islamic Education, the values of freedom of thought, independence, and teacher responsibility in innovating. While implementing the Merdeka Belajar curriculum will support teachers to value students who have the right to pass or not through the educational transformation without national exams; students will explore various aspects of themselves through the madrasah assessment and give freedom to schools in designing and implementing curricula through more efficient lesson plans.
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INGRAND, S., and B. DEDIEU. "Numéro spécial : Quelles innovations pour quels systèmes d'élevage ?" INRAE Productions Animales 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3055.
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Anant-propos
« Innover » est un mot d’ordre sociétal qui encourage la communauté des chercheurs à produire des connaissances, des démarches et des outils visant à faire « autrement », à changer de paradigme, ou tout au moins de modèle de production pour ce qui concerne la communauté des agronomes. Pour une grande partie de cette communauté, le débat est centré sur la conception innovante des systèmes agricoles visant de nouveaux compromis entre production (quantité, qualité), protection de l’environnement, maîtrise de la consommation des énergies non renouvelables, tout en contribuant à la sécurité alimentaire globale et à la traçabilité des pratiques. Mais d’autres dimensions doivent être intégrées : la participation des acteurs au processus de conception, la façon dont les différentes sources d’innovations (la recherche, les agriculteurs, les filières, les industriels) interagissent, l’accompagnement de l’engagement dans le changement des exploitants agricoles et le rôle du conseil (public, privé) dans ce cadre, l’étude des verrouillages sociotechniques, etc. La notion d’innovation embarque de fait beaucoup de questions de natures différentes, auxquelles apporter des réponses nécessite une interdisciplinarité entre sciences techniques et sciences sociales.
Ce numéro spécial propose une vision de l’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage centrée sur la contribution des zootechniciens. Il regroupe ainsi huit articles choisis pour traiter des innovations à l’échelle des systèmes d’élevage (et non aux échelles infra – fonctions physiologiques, animal, ou supra – territoire, filière –). Les auteurs ont été sollicités principalement au sein de l’Inra et chez nos partenaires proches (enseignement supérieur agronomique, Instituts techniques et Cirad). A l’Inra, cela concerne les deux départements de recherche au sein desquels des travaux sont conduits sur les systèmes d’élevage, à savoir le département « Sciences pour l’action et le développement » (Sad) et le département « Physiologie animale et systèmes d’élevage » (Phase).
Partant des questions générales sur la conception innovante et l’évaluation des systèmes, ce numéro explore différentes leviers de changements radicaux qui sont en germe dans le secteur de l’élevage : l’élevage de précision, l’écologie industrielle, l’agro-écologie, avec leurs déclinaisons (les capteurs appareillés sur les animaux, l’élevage de poissons avec de l’eau recirculée, les systèmes laitiers bas intrants). Deux articles complètent le panorama en s’intéressant au repérage des innovations dans les exploitations d’élevage en France et aux dynamiques diversifiées d’innovation et de changement en Afrique. Les thèmes des articles ont ainsi été pensés pour mixer des réflexions conceptuelles sur l’innovation, en tant qu’objet et en tant que processus, avec des exemples concrets pris soit dans les dispositifs expérimentaux des instituts de recherche, soit chez les éleveurs eux-mêmes. Différentes espèces animales sont concernées par ces exemples, des poissons aux bovins, en passant par les volailles, les ovins et les caprins.
Ce numéro spécial souligne ainsi que le secteur de l’élevage n’est pas en reste en matière d’innovations. Mais le champ est vaste et il ne prétend pas en faire le tour, notamment sur le plan des innovations génétiques : il est difficile d’être exhaustif dans un tel exercice !
Pour finir, à la lecture de ce numéro, quelques questions pour l’avenir nous semblent devoir être formulées :
- L’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage se construit aujourd’hui dans des dispositifs partenariaux associant recherche, développement et formation, inventeurs et utilisateurs. Les éleveurs sont au cœur du processus d’innovation et sont bien sûr les acteurs déterminants de sa réussite ou de son échec. Mais le rôle d’autres parties prenantes (filières, conseil public et privé, action publique, acteurs des territoires et industriels) mériterait d’être plus approfondi ;
- Dans le secteur de l’agriculture, et en particulier de l’élevage, les applications des innovations portent sur le vivant, en l’occurrence des animaux. Des questions portent sur la considération apportée à ces êtres vivants et aux formes d’interaction entre hommes et animaux dans le travail quotidien. Par exemple, est-il souhaitable, éthique, d’équiper les animaux avec des capteurs divers et variés, au risque de remettre en cause leur bien-être, ou la nature même de l’activité d’élevage ? L’agro-écologie porte-t-elle d’autres formes de considérations des animaux ? Ces questions importantes restent ouvertes ;
- L’avenir sera sans doute fait d’une coexistence de deux mouvements qui peuvent apparaître en première approche contradictoires : d’une part, le mouvement vers l’agro-écologie mettant en exergue les propriétés des processus écologiques et d’autre part, le mouvement vers l’automatisation, les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (NTIC), l’élevage dit « de précision » s’appuyant sur l’écologie industrielle et la recherche de l’efficience. Mais ne faudra-t-il pas tenter de travailler aussi la mise en synergie de ces deux mouvements ?
- L’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage doit être réfléchie en même temps dans le secteur animal et végétal, en particulier quand il s’agit de raisonner les systèmes fourragers de demain, mais aussi le rôle des cultures dans l’alimentation animale et l’autonomie des exploitations. La polycultureélevage, bien plus qu’une tradition désuète, est sans doute une forme intéressante et prometteuse pour mettre en œuvre les principes tant d’agro-écologie que d’écologie industrielle, avec des modes d’organisation et d’interaction à repenser entre ateliers à l’intérieur de l’exploitation et entre exploitations à l’intérieur d’un territoire.
L’année 2014 est marquée par la sortie en France de deux numéros spéciaux consacrés à l’innovation en élevage : le présent numéro d’INRA Productions Animales et celui de la revue Fourrages1. Pour nous, cela est le signe d’un enjeu important perçu par la communauté scientifique agronomique autour des questions d’innovation, à l’heure où l’élevage doit relever le défi d’être multi-performant.
1 L'innovation en systèmes fourragers et élevages d’herbivores : un champ de possibles. Fourrages, 217, mars 2014
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Anfilova, Svitlana. "The role of musical component in S. Lifar’s stage conception." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 64, no. 64 (December 7, 2022): 142–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-64.09.
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Statement of the problem. The role of music in the ballet genre, its relationship with choreographic text remain one of the most controversial in the scientific field. In the situation of the “musical revolutions” of the 20th century, this problem became acute in connection with the renewal of genres, the emancipation of the creative imagination of choreographers who began to use music of any style direction in ballet. Among the interesting innovations of the past, we should point out the concept of free dance by Serge Lifar – a famous dancer, Ukrainian by origin, whose work as choreographer is less covered than the work of his colleagues and contemporaries M. Fokin and G. Balanchin. The purpose of the article is to consider the interaction of musical and choreographic components in the concept of S. Lifar’s ballet performance. For the first time S. Lifar’s creative experiments are considered in the context of the relationship between music and dance with the defining the role of music in the conception of “free dance” that is the innovative idea of this study. Recent research and publications. After the first publication of the leading art critic A. Levinson (Levinson & Lifar, 1934), the materials about S. Lifar appear in French art history with a certain frequency (Prunières, 1935; Gropius & Servane,1947; Hofmann, 1953; Laurent & Sazanova, 1960; Schouvaloff, 1998; Christout & Lefèvre, 2006; Poudru, 2007; Pastori, 2009). In the Ukrainian scientific space, attention to the artist’s figure has been increasing since the late of 1990s (Yu. Stanishevsky in: Lifar, 2007; A. Balabko, 2011). Important for the development of the theme are the books of the dancer himself. In his “Le manifesto du chorégraphe” (Lifar, 1935) the choreographer lays out the understanding of the relationship between music and dance in a ballet performance. Results and conclusion. S. Lifar realized his concept in the ballet “Icarus” (1935). Musically gifted by nature, in his choreographic practice, he unexpectedly proclaims the primacy of choreography, not music (!), which went against the latest trends of the time. The choreographer argued that the composer can use the fixed choreographic text in the same way as the text of a poem for creating music, which will enliven a given rhythmic and dance patterns. A. Honegger in the ballet “Icarus” uses 26 instruments, combines them into five blocks of drums of uniform timbre, supplemented by two double basses, which are also interpreted as percussions, due to the predominance of the col legno technique. The simple in essence rhythm formulas are artfully distributed among the instruments of a percussion ensemble that takes on the role of a traditional orchestra. In S. Lifar’s “Icarus” for the first time proposed a method of translating body movements into rhythmic formulas combined into a plastic score of the performance. A. Honegger turned out to be an ideal composer for such translstion. If other versions of the musical embodiment of the “Icarus” rhythm diagram will appear in the history of the genre, the original compositional solution will remain the invariant, comparison with which will be inevitable.
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Bertosso, Henrique, and Jandir Pauli. "“Who Guards the Guards?”." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhcitp.2021010101.
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The studies about panopticism have a highlighted spot on organizational researches. Recently, with the inclusion of information technology, it creates the digital panopticon, in which informational systems perform the control, including on the vigilantes themselves (managers). Thus, this study addresses hierarchy, power, and the insertion of information technology in banking organizations to understand the perception of managers about their power over the team on this new kind of materialization of power. For such, this qualitative exploratory research used interview and observation as data collection and triangulation techniques. The treatment of information performed was by speech analysis. The analysis of collected data revealed that the manager is not responsible for the conception of work anymore, because they became a task performer, showing their subjection to the system of the establishment and target control; after all, the power is in the system.
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Giannoukou, Ioanna. "Genetic Factors and Environmental Influences during Innovation Explosion on Personality Development. A Review." Technium Social Sciences Journal 53 (January 9, 2024): 192–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v53i1.9577.
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The development of personality is an ongoing and lifelong process that commences at conception and endures throughout an individual's lifespan. Both genetic factors and environmental variables contribute to its influence. Genetic variables constitute the fundamental underpinnings of personality development, while the environment furthermore assumes a significant role. Environmental influences, such as parents, family, friends, employment, and various social groups, significantly influence an individual's developmental trajectory. Therefore, personality development is a multifaceted process influenced by the interplay of hereditary and environmental influences, with both playing a role in facilitating the construction of one's personality. The primary objective of this systematic review is to investigate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the development of personality, encompassing both infancy and adulthood. This study addresses the abovementioned issue by analyzing the most up-to-date research findings from the past decade. This study's experimental procedures and techniques are described in the following section. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the existing literature investigating the impact of genetic and environmental factors on personality development. Fifteen scholarly research publications were chosen, focusing on individuals mostly in their youth and exploring the impact of genetic and environmental factors. The primary objective of this study is to address inquiries about the genetic impact, environmental role, and the combined contribution and interaction of these elements, as well as to elucidate the underlying causes of this connection and influence. The inclusion criteria for the papers encompassed several factors: language, relevance to the subject matter, age range of participants, publication time, journal of publication, study type, and methodological quality. In conclusion, while genetic factors and the environment play critical roles in shaping individuals, their complex interplay truly defines outcomes. Neither genes nor environment dictate destinies in isolation; their combined, intricate dance sculpts the vast diversity of human experiences. This interplay is fundamental to psychology, medicine, sociology, and even policymaking.
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Dinev, Ivaylo. "The dynamics of class mobilisations: evidence from protest event analysis in Bulgaria and Slovenia." SEER 23, no. 2 (2020): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-2869-2020-2-245.
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Following the recent interest of bringing capitalism back into social movement studies, this article contributes to the debate with the application of new techniques for examining the dynamics of social class in protest politics. Questioning the declining importance of labour mobilisation in the recent anti-austerity cycles of protest in eastern Europe, I draw on a unique protest event dataset to propose a new way of exploring the relations between social class, repertoires and claimmaking. I show that this innovation can bring greater clarity to a systematic analysis of social class politics in the protest arena. The empirical exploration highlights that more than one-third of the protest events in Bulgaria and Slovenia in the aftermath of the financial crisis were driven by specific social class actors. The article suggests that, contrary to individual-level data, social class can be observed through the basic conceptions of workers and independents; and then through site and sector: production; services; and socio-cultural. These typologies help in understanding where mobilisations arise, under what conditions and for what demands.
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Peng, Nianfan. "Multiagent Culture Algorithm-Based Interactive Design of College English Online Teaching Process." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 31, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3490055.
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Traditional educational techniques and conceptions no longer match the need of the society for talent training. It is due to the fact that educational reforms are deepening and more open interactive teaching models have begun to be gradually implemented in college English instruction. The method’s innovation and reform can not only fully respect the students’ dominating position but also entice students to devote themselves to the English classroom with greater zeal which is helpful in allowing for deeper knowledge discovery and thinking. This study has the motive to examine the interactive teaching mode’s application tactics in college English classrooms, particularly with the goal of improving the effectiveness of English classroom teaching and promoting the high-quality growth of today’s college students. Furthermore, in order to improve the interactivity of online English teaching in colleges and universities, this research proposes an intelligent conversation system based on multiagents to aid in the improvement of online teaching. Finally, using a public discourse corpus dataset for implementation, the proposed model proves to have better performance than existing state of the art approaches.
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Husak, Yurii S., and Vladyslav V. Fedoskin. "Sociopsychological Ensuring of the Sustainable Development of Enterprise." Business Inform 2, no. 553 (2024): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-2-297-302.
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Today's realities of economic development are associated with the strengthening of globalization, as well as innovation and integration processes, therefore the global society can be complementary characterized by an orientation towards ensuring sustainable development, which involves the harmonization of its economic, social and psychological components. International experience shows that, taking into account the conception of this process that should be aimed primarily at people and be carried out as a result of social and labor activities using their resources, sustainable development is possible only if there is a direct impact on work and the sociopsychological potential of society. The aim of the article is to study the principles, methods and tools of ensuring the sustainable development of the enterprise, using a sociopsychological complex of methods and techniques to ensure the professional activity of specialists at an optimal level, maintaining their functional state and capacity for work throughout the long working cycle. The set aim is achieved by consistently solving problems using dialectical, historical and logical approaches. The article presents the essence and parametric characteristics of the sustainable development of enterprise, with the aim of determining the level of efficiency of its functioning in accordance with modern development criteria. The contentual components of the conception of "sustainable development of enterprise" are defined through the prism of generally recognized components of sustainable development. Aspects of mutual coherence and effectiveness of enterprise functioning are considered through the prism of assessment, the sociopsychological aspectivity of the parametric characteristics of sustainable development. The practical significance lies in the formulation of proposals to ensure sustainable development of enterprise, primarily by means of the comprehensive use of a complex of social and psychological methods of ensuring a high level of professional activity, which is directly aimed at the specialist, his/her mental and physical health.
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Jansen, Martin. "The energy landscape concept and its implications for synthesis planning." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 6 (June 18, 2014): 883–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0212.
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AbstractSynthesis of novel solids, in a chemical sense, is one of the spearheads of innovation in materials research. However, such an undertaking is substantially impaired by lack of control and predictability. We present a concept that points the way towards rational planning of syntheses in solid state and materials chemistry. The foundation of our approach is the representation of the whole material world, i.e., the known and not-yet-known chemical compounds, on an energy landscape, which implies information about the free energies of these configurations. From this it follows at once that all chemical compounds capable of existence (both thermodynamically stable and metastable ones) are already present in virtuo in this landscape. For the first step of synthesis planning, i.e., the identification of candidates that are capable of existence, we computationally search the respective potential energy landscapes for (meta)stable structure candidates. Recently we have extended our techniques to finite temperatures and pressures and calculated phase diagrams, including metastable manifestations of matter, without resorting to any experimental pre-information. The conception developed is physically consistent, and its feasibility has been proven. Applying appropriate experimental tools has enabled us to realize, e.g., elusive Na3 N, including almost all of its predicted polymorphs, many years after the predictions were published.
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Popescu, Constanţa, Ana Lucia Ristea, and Constantin Popescu. "The Evolution of the Regional Development Policies." Valahian Journal of Economic Studies 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/vjes-2016-0003.
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Abstract Kuklinski (Kuklinski A. 1987), realized, from an epistemological perspective, a history of the international and interdisciplinary progress in matters of regional policy. According to the authors’ conception, an international scientific movement in the domain of regional studies refers to: the examination of the regional studies carried out in different countries to identify the diversity of ideological and intellectual attitudes, the techniques and the motivations. Today this phenomenon must be considered from a new perspective in the framework of a global analysis of the different scientific schools which perceive regional studies in particular and original ways. A scientific school can be defined as all the activities of a well-organized team, capable of producing, in the course of a long period, a series of relatively important and diversified innovations in three domains: a)theory and research methods; b)empirical knowledge of the existing reality; c)creation of tools and policies in order to transform this reality according to the development goals accepted by a determined epoch and in a determined region. The main feature of a scientific school is represented by its capacity to innovate a series of theoretical and empirical studies (Kuklinski A. 1987).
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FIORELLI, C., S. MOURET, and J. PORCHER. "Les rationalités du travail avec les animaux d'élevage : produire, vivre ensemble et se construire." INRAE Productions Animales 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2012.25.2.3207.
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Pour les zootechniciens, comprendre la diversité des rapports au travail des éleveurs est un préalable nécessaire à la conception de systèmes d’élevage qui soient plus durables. Pour rendre compte de cette diversité, nous mobilisons trois recherches portant sur la dimension affective, le sens moral et le rapport subjectif au travail en élevage, fondées sur des enquêtes auprès d’éleveurs. Celles-ci montrent que, du point de vue des personnes enquêtées, travailler avec des animaux d’élevage, ce n’est pas seulement produire, c’est aussi se construire et vivre ensemble avec les animaux et entre êtres humains. Les rationalités du travail avec les animaux sont donc multiples et ne sont pas seulement d’ordre technico-économique. L’amitié, le pouvoir, la morale, la construction de soi, le contact avec la nature, l’autonomie décisionnelle et organisationnelle fondent les rationalités relationnelles et identitaires du travail. L’organisation du travail conditionne fortement la possibilité pour les éleveurs d’éprouver du plaisir ou au contraire de la souffrance : réduire le travail des hommes avec les animaux à sa rationalité technico-économique est cause de souffrances. Sur la base de ces résultats nous proposons deux innovations : un concept de camion-abattoir alternatif à l’abattage industriel, et un cadre d’analyse qui articule deux points de vue, technique et humain sur l’organisation du travail, visant à renouveler le conseil agricole.
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Amzile, Karim, and Mohamed Habachi. "Assessment of Support Vector Machine performance for default prediction and credit rating." Banks and Bank Systems 17, no. 1 (April 2, 2022): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.17(1).2022.14.
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Predicting the creditworthiness of bank customers is a major concern for banking institutions, as modeling the probability of default is a key focus of the Basel regulations. Practitioners propose different default modeling techniques such as linear discriminant analysis, logistic regression, Bayesian approach, and artificial intelligence techniques. The performance of the default prediction is evaluated by the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve using three types of kernels, namely, the polynomial kernel, the linear kernel and the Gaussian kernel. To justify the performance of the model, the study compares the prediction of default by the support vector with the logistic regression using data from a portfolio of particular bank customers. The results of this study showed that the model based on the Support Vector Machine approach with the Radial Basis Function kernel, performs better in prediction, compared to the logistic regression model, with a value of the ROC curve equal to 98%, against 71.7% for the logistic regression model. Also, this paper presents the conception of a support vector machine-based rating tool designed to classify bank customers and determine their probability of default. This probability has been computed empirically and represents the proportion of defaulting customers in each class.
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Römpp, A., I. M. Taban, R. Mihalca, M. C. Duursma, T. H. Mize, L. A. McDonnell, and R. M. A. Heeren. "Examples of Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Developments: From Ion Physics to Remote Access Biochemical Mass Spectrometry." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 11, no. 5 (October 2005): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.732.
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The application of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) for high-resolution biomolecular analysis has increased greatly after 30 years of innovation since its conception in 1974. FT-ICR-MS can now be used routinely for the analysis of complex organic mixtures such as biological or petrochemical samples. Many of these new possibilities have been the results of many different instrumental developments. This paper provides a mini review of selected instrumental developments that now allow these measurements. The development of soft ionization techniques such as electrospray ionization and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization was crucial for the analysis of biological macromolecules. Improved ion transport optics led to an increase in sensitivity. New ICR cell designs complement the capabilities of FT-ICR-MS by allowing a more thorough study of the mechanism and kinetics of ion reactions in the gas-phase. A selected example of electron capture dissociation (ECD) employs these developments to investigate the role of peptide conformation in ECD. Improved electronics and software allow faster and more flexible experiments. All these improvements led to an increase in speed and sensitivity that are necessary to couple FT-MS to fast separation techniques such as nano-high performance liquid chromatography. The modern FT-ICR-MS instruments can be incorporated in virtual organizations allowing remote access to unique infrastructure. This concept of remote experimentation opens new possibilities for scientific collaborations between expert scientists at different locations and allows the efficient use of this expensive instrumentation
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Chanthes, Suteera, Weerasak Sawangloke, Adisak Pattiya, and Yottha Srithep. "Towards Sustainable Downstream Production: Upstream Innovation and Business Model Development for Low-Graded Ribbed Smoked Sheet Natural Rubber in Thailand." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 6 (September 15, 2023): e907. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i6.907.
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Objective: This study from Thailand examined business model development to help transform low-graded ribbed smoked sheet (RSS) rubber into cow shoe production targeting dairy farming. With the Industry 4.0 concept of the knowledge-based economy in the central focus, the research objective was to examine both the supply and demand sides for developing a practical knowledge-based cow shoe business model. Methods: This qualitative research adopted the concepts of knowledge-based entrepreneurship (KBE) and Osterwalder's business model canvas to guide the investigative design. It used documentary analysis, in-depth interviews, and a focus group discussion as the data collection instruments. The data analysis technique was a generic interpretive approach allowing the researchers to analyze the data by constructing codes, categories, and result conceptualization based on the underpinning conceptions of KBE and the business model canvas. Results: This study confirmed cow shoe production as a potential downstream business for rubber production in Thailand with the possibility of KBE characterization of innovation, growth, and competitive advantage. Cow shoes could be sold throughout the year for cattle nourishing routines to ease the pain from hoof and claw trimming. Critical success factors for KBE development in this business included creating production technology transfer networks, promoting financial and knowledge support from rubber promotional authorities and regional universities, and developing a sustainable ecosystem for rubber production to be linked in the value chain with rubber biofuel and cattle farming industries. Conclusion: Considering that innovative rubber production was often suggested at the policymaking level, this paper has filled the knowledge gap by delivering a novel practical framework, supported by empirical evidence, to promote KBE in cow shoe business development as a sustainable downstream business.
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AJADI, Michael Olaniyi. "Eclecticism Style in Ceramic Art Practices of Ife Art School." Journal of Education and Practice 5, no. 2 (August 2, 2021): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.630.
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Purpose: The study discusses Ife ceramic wares in tandem with the historical approach of the decorative patterns. It equally determines the origin of each style and how it moved and spread across the phases. The sequences of creative impulse and stylistic trends of ceramic practices in the art school from inception have not received scholarly attention in terms of the examination of the approaches towards the conceptions. The specific objective is to investigate the inception of eclecticism in the art school and circumstances behind the conceptions in order to reveal the contextual definitions of used designs and factors influence the innovation.
Methodology: Descriptive and analytical approaches were used to trace decorative trends of each phase and the integration of the various motifs and styles of the previous phases in the new phases that sprung up. Samples of ceramic wares in the art school exhibition brochures, galleries and ceramic studios were collected for analysis and photographs were also taken for evidence.
Findings: In concept, the praxis reveals traditional ideology at inception and desegregation of different themes, ideas, and styles in the recent phase of the practice. The practices are eclectic inclined as of late with reflection of traditional ideology, contemporary issues and customs of Western societies. Notwithstanding, the ceramic art tradition of the art school is aesthetically inclined both in principle and practice.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: No doubt, the sculptural creativeness of Ife wares has preserved cultural heritage for public awareness. This is largely evident in the proliferation of her ingenious adaptation of indigenous deco-stylistic techniques with Western influence that portrayed Nigerian traditional culture by themes, forms and styles in concepts and renditions.
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Rybárová, Daniela. "Progress in Sustainable Consumption and Production in Slovakia in Comparison with other EU Countries – Energy Intensity of the Sector." SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 08018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219208018.
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Research background: Problematic of sustainable consumption and production is a broad conception that is integrating application of advanced methods and techniques of business management, in all areas, including eco-design and innovation, sustainable marketing, risk management and strategic management with a focus on sustainable development for the environment. The European Union has established numerous strategies to support it, the success of which depends on building a sufficient awareness and above all the involvement of all countries in the process of improving the environmental performance of products throughout their life cycle. Building of sustainable consumption and production on the widest scale is influenced by the social and economic dimension, which awareness and understanding makes it possible to encourage and motivate to socially responsible behaviour. In order to face the current challenges, it is essential to change the way we produce and consume. Purpose of the article: Analyse the financial and economic parameters of selected sectors in dependence on the fulfilment of selected indicators that are measuring progress in sustainable consumption and production in Slovakia in comparison with other EU countries Methods: Time series analysis, spatial analysis. Findings & Value added: Systematizing the ways to measure progress in achieving sustainable consumption and production with regards to defined indicators in strategies, policies and action plans of EU following the structure of national economies.
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Isbelis Jácome Mendoza. "Fundamentos teóricos de un currículum basado en competencias para la formación Media Técnica." GACETA DE PEDAGOGÍA, no. 40 (August 20, 2021): 218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.56219/rgp.vi40.920.
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El objetivo principal del presente artículo es indagar los fundamentos teóricos de un currículum basado en competencias para la formación media técnica. Se parte de las concepciones respectivas del currículum basado en competencias y de la educación media técnica en el sistema educativo colombiano. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, enmarcada en el paradigma interpretativo, de tipo documental y se aplicó el método hermenéutico para interpretar la información recolectada. Los resultados obtenidos indican que un currículum basado en competencias se caracteriza por enfocarse en las necesidades de la sociedad y el mundo laboral, además de la integración de los saberes ser, conocer y hacer. Así, se pudo concluir que un currículum basado en competencias puede ofrecer en la educación media técnica, las herramientas necesarias para que los estudiantes se formen como personas proactivas, y contribuyan en la producción e innovación, lo que permitirá a la sociedad colombiana avanzar hacia el progreso.
ABSTRACT
The main objective of this article is to investigate the theoretical foundations of a competency-based curriculum for technical secondary training. It starts from the respective conceptions of the competency-based curriculum and technical secondary education in the Colombian educational system. A qualitative investigation was carried out, framed in the interpretative paradigm, documentary type and the hermeneutical method was applied to interpret the collected information. The results obtained indicate that a competency-based curriculum is characterized by focusing on the needs of society and the world of work, in addition to the integration of the knowledge of being, knowing and doing. Thus, it was possible to conclude that a competency-based curriculum can offer in technical secondary education, the necessary tools for students to train as proactive people, and contribute to production and innovation, which will allow Colombian society to advance towards the progress.
Key words: curriculum, competences, technical high school education.
RÉSUMÉ
L'objectif principal de cet article est d'explorer les fondements théoriques d'un curriculum basé sur les compétences pour la formation secondaire technique. Il part des conceptions respectives du curriculum basé sur les compétences et de l'enseignement secondaire technique dans le système éducatif colombien. Une enquête qualitative a été menée, encadrée dans le paradigme interprétatif, de type documentaire et la méthode herméneutique a été appliquée pour interpréter les informations recueillies. Les résultats obtenus indiquent qu'un curriculum axé sur les compétences se caractérise par une focalisation sur les besoins de la société et du monde du travail, en plus de l'intégration des savoirs d'être, de savoir et de faire. Ainsi, il a été possible de conclure qu'un programme basé sur les compétences peut offrir dans l'enseignement secondaire technique, les outils nécessaires aux étudiants pour se former en tant que personnes proactives, et contribuer à la production et à l'innovation, ce qui permettra à la société colombienne d'avancer vers le progrès.
Mots clés: curriculum, compétences, enseignement lycée technique.
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Ben Amor, Sabrine, Nessrine Elloumi, Ameni Eltaief, Borhen Louhichi, Nashmi H. Alrasheedi, and Abdennour Seibi. "Digital Twin Implementation in Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review." Processes 12, no. 6 (May 22, 2024): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12061062.
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The additive manufacturing (AM) field is rapidly expanding, attracting significant scientific attention. This family of processes will be widely used in the evolution of Industry 4.0, particularly in the production of customized components. However, as the complexity and variability of additive manufacturing processes increase, there is an increasing need for advanced techniques to ensure quality control, optimize performance, and reduce production costs. Multiple tests are required to optimize processing variables for specific equipment and processes, to achieve optimum processing conditions. The application of digital twins (DTs) has significantly enhanced the field of additive manufacturing. A digital twin, abbreviated as DT, refers to a computer-generated model that accurately depicts a real-world object, system, or process. A DT comprises the complete additive manufacturing process, from the initial conception phase to the final manufacturing phase. It enables the manufacturing process to be continuously monitored, studied, and optimized in real time. DT has emerged as an important tool in the additive manufacturing industry. They allow manufacturers to enhance the process, improve product quality, decrease costs, and accelerate innovation. However, the development of DT in AM is an iterative and continuous process. It requires collaboration between domain experts, data scientists, engineers, and manufacturing teams to guarantee an accurate representation of the process by the digital twin. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of DT for additive manufacturing, examining their applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions.
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Andrieu, Nadine, Eduardo Chia, and Eric Vall. "Recherche et innovations dans les exploitations de polyculture-élevage d’Afrique de l’Ouest Quelles méthodes pour évaluer les produits de la recherche ?" Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 64, no. 1-4 (January 1, 2011): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10116.
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Alors que l’invention peut se définir comme la découverte d’un principe, l’innovation peut être définie comme l’adoption de ce principe par une population (1, 2, 3, 17). En Afrique de l’Ouest, la grande majorité des inventions et leur traduction fréquente en propositions techniques de la recherche pour intensifier les systèmes mixtes agriculture-élevage ont été peu ou n’ont pas été intégrées dans les systèmes de production (11, 13, 14, 18, 21, 23). Ce constat d’échec a amené la recherche à s’interroger sur ses démarches de conception et d’évaluation de ses propositions et à impliquer davantage les acteurs de terrain dans la formulation des problèmes et l’élaboration des solutions dans le cadre de recherches participatives (5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16). L’analyse des facteurs d’adoption des inventions constitue un premier champ au sein des méthodes d’évaluation existantes. L’objectif est d’identifier les facteurs économiques, institutionnels, structurels ou sociotechniques qui favorisent le passage de l’invention à l’innovation (4, 20). Des outils de modélisation peuvent aussi être utilisés pour analyser le profil des populations susceptibles d’adopter telle ou telle technologie (7, 24). Les méthodes de diagnostic des impacts de la recherche constituent un deuxième champ d’évaluation. Il s’agit d’analyser les effets, prévus ou non, des propositions de la recherche quand elles sont expérimentées sur le terrain ou adoptées (19). La modélisation peut là encore s’avérer un outil puissant pour explorer les impacts potentiels des propositions de la recherche avant leur mise en oeuvre effective au sein des systèmes de production (6, 9, 22). L’objectif de ce numéro thématique est de passer en revue différents travaux sur l’évaluation des propositions de la recherche, récemment réalisés en zone agropastorale d’Afrique de l’Ouest, afin de définir comment concevoir et évaluer des innovations dans cette région. Les contributions se basent sur différentes études menées non seulement dans le domaine de la production et de la santé animales mais aussi dans celui des productions végétales intimement liées à l’élevage dans les systèmes mixtes étudiés. Elles abordent également la gestion socio-économique des exploitations et, en particulier, intègrent les projets des producteurs. Cette diversité de terrains et d’approches permet d’enrichir la réflexion sur les méthodes d’évaluation des innovations dans les systèmes d’élevage et dans les systèmes agro-sylvo-pastoraux de cette région. Les trois premiers articles s’intéressent aux facteurs d’adoption des produits de la recherche. Bouyer et coll. analysent les facteurs ayant joué sur l’adoption d’une nouvelle méthode de lutte sanitaire acaricide en milieu paysan au Burkina Faso. Ngondjeb et coll. étudient les facteurs d’adoption de techniques de lutte contre l’érosion hydrique des sols en zone cotonnière du Cameroun. Dans des contextes de changements socio-économiques induisant des stratégies adaptatives de producteurs camerounais, Pedelahore et coll. s’interrogent sur la place de processus d’intensification promus par la recherche. Ces méthodes fournissent des pistes pour mieux caractériser la diversité des besoins et des contraintes des populations cibles. Les autres travaux concernent surtout les méthodes d’évaluation des impacts de la recherche. Ces évaluations sont prospectives pour deux articles : les travaux de Dabire et coll. explorent les impacts potentiels de la prévision saisonnière des pluies sur les performances économiques des exploitations familiales burkinabés ; ceux de Deffo et coll. évaluent les effets de différents systèmes de culture sur la durabilité des exploitations. L’article de Sempore et coll. combine évaluation prospective et évaluation ex post, respectivement avant et après l’expérimentation d’ateliers d’embouche chez des agroéleveurs. Trois articles analysent a posteriori les impacts de propositions expérimentées ou adoptées par les producteurs : Blanchard et coll. mesurent l’impact de l’utilisation raisonnée de la fumure organique au champ sur les rendements et les revenus de producteurs burkinabés ; Fokou et coll. explorent les liens entre, d’une part, les innovations technologiques et organisationnelles et, d’autre part, les relations de pouvoir dans des systèmes de production laitiers du Mali. Enfin, en s’inspirant d’une méthode expérimentée à la Réunion (France), Vayssières et coll. cherchent à mieux prendre en compte les consommations énergétiques et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre dans les exploitations d’élevage d’Afrique de l’Ouest dans la conception de systèmes agropastoraux plus respectueux de l’environnement. L’objectif global de ces travaux est de consolider les méthodes d’évaluation des impacts de la recherche pour sélectionner les propositions qui contribuent le mieux au développement durable des systèmes agro-sylvo-pastoraux d’Afrique de l’Ouest.