Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Conception de visualisation'
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Douady, César. "Visualisation graphique et architecture parallèle : conception et réalisation." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112128.
Full textShouman, Shouman El Shahat. "Conception et realisation d'un systeme de visualisation alphanumerique." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN10078.
Full textShouman, Shouman El Shahat. "Conception et réalisation d'un système de visualisation alphanumérique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37601175s.
Full textVuillemot, Romain. "Un cadre de conception pour la Visualisation d'Information Interactive." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643538.
Full textBernatchez, Marc. "Conception d'un système de visualisation à base de réalité virtuelle." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ25497.pdf.
Full textHammar, Rabia. "Conception et mise en oeuvre d'un système de visualisation contextuelle." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4864.
Full textLavoué, Guillaume. "Compression de surfaces, basée sur la subdivision inverse, pour la transmission bas débit et la visualisation progressive." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10223.
Full textAbi, Akle Audrey. "Visualisation d’information pour une décision informée en exploration d’espace de conception par shopping." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0039/document.
Full textIn Design space exploration, the resulting data, from simulation of large amount of new design alternatives, can lead to information overload when one good design solution must be chosen. The design space exploration relates to a multi-criteria optimization method in design but in manual mode, for which appropriate tools to support multi-dimensional data visualization are employed. For the designer, a three-phase process - discovery, optimization, selection - is followed according to a paradigm called Design by Shopping. Exploring the design space helps to gain insight into both feasible and infeasible solutions subspaces, and into solutions presenting good trade-offs. Designers learn during these graphical data manipulations and the selection of an optimal solution is based on a so-called informed decision. The objective of this research is the performance of graphs for design space exploration according to the three phases of the Design by Shopping process. In consequence, five graphs, identified as potentially efficient, are tested through two experiments. In the first, thirty participants tested three graphs, in three design scenarios where one car must be chosen out of a total of forty, for the selection phase in a multi-attribute situation where preferences are enounced. A response quality index is proposed to compute the choice quality for each of the three given scenarios, the optimal solutions being compared to the ones resulting from the graphical manipulations. In the second experiment, forty-two novice designers solved two design problems with three graphs. In this case, the performance of graphs is tested for informed decision-making and for the three phases of the process in a multi-objective situation. The results reveal three efficient graphs for the design space exploration: the Scatter Plot Matrix for the discovery phase and for informed decision-making, the Simple Scatter Plot for the optimization phase and the Parallel Coordinate Plot for the selection phase in a multi-attribute as well as multi-objective situation
Cordeil, Maxime. "Exploration et exploitation de l’espace de conception des transitions animées en visualisation d’information." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ESAE0044/document.
Full textData visualizations allow information to be transmitted to users. In order to explore and understand the data, it is often necessary for users to manipulate the display of this data. When manipulating the visualization, visual transitions are necessary to avoid abrupt changes in this visualization, and to allow the user to focus on the graphical object of interest. These visual transitions can be coded as an animation, or techniques that link the data across several displays. The first aim of this thesis was to examine the benefits and properties of animated transitions used to explore and understand large quantities of multidimensional data. In order to do so, we created a taxonomy of existing animated transitions. This taxonomy allowed us to identify that no animated transition currently exists that allows the user to control the direction of objects during the transition. We therefore proposed an animated transition that allows the user to have this control during the animation. In addition, we studied an animated transition technique that uses 3D rotation to transition between visualizations. We identified the advantages of this technique and propose an improvement to the current design. The second objective was to study the visual transitions used in the Air Traffic Control domain. Air Traffic Controllers use a number of visualizations to view vast information which is duplicated in several places: the Radar screen, the strip board, airplane lists (departures/arrivals) etc. Air traffic controllers perform visual transitions as they search between these different displays of information. We studied the way animations can be used in the Air Traffic Control domain by implementing a radar image prototype which combines three visualizations typically used by Air Traffic Controllers
Roudaut, Anne. "Conception et Evaluation de Technique d'Interaction pour Dispositifs Mobiles." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005914.
Full textArrouye, Yves. "Environnements de visualisation pour l'évaluation des performances des systèmes parallèles : étude, conception et réalisation." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005025.
Full textVivian, Robin. "Définition d'une approche adaptative : une application à la visualisation en CAO." Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Vivian.Robin.SMZ932.pdf.
Full textRay tracing is an image synthesis technique which allows the simulation of complex optic effects like refraction and reflection. Unfortunately this algorithm remains very expensive in computation. In order to minimize the processing times we propose an optimisation based on an adaptative décomposition of the working space and the rationalization of the optimization techniques. An analysis of the content and the localization of the information allow a selective application of the ray tracing. The method consists in an analysis of the position and of the repartition of the objects in order to determine the intersection possibilities. An recursive and adaptative decomposition, directed by a study of the content, reduces localy the complexity of the scene which helps for a reduction of the processing times. A propagation of the results which have been obtained with the primary rays and shade rays, to secondary rays (reflected and bend rays) allows under particular conditions to give an efficient solution to the processing of reflected and transparent objects
Mahieddine, Mohammed. "Modélisation, visualisation et animation d'objets 3D : Approche orientée objets." nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE4496.
Full textGros, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Etude et conception d'une plate-forme d'intégration et de visualisation de données génomiques et d'outils bioinformatiques." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112139.
Full textIn this beginning of millennium, the efforts of the industrial and academic world allowed for a first version of the sequencing of the human genome. By opening one of these files of sequence, the reader reaches a text of several million characters “a”, “t”, “g”, or “c”, each one symbolizing one of the four bases which constitute the dna. This sequence of letters puts forward our misunderstanding of dna. In order better to tackle this language, a lot of databases of dna sequences, annotations, and experiments were built, several tools of treatments of information were written. The first part of this thesis resolves the integration problem of bioinformatic tools. The approach adopted for the integration of tools is to melt a distributed architecture within the basic data engine. The other facet of integration relates to the integration of data resulting from various biological databases. In a more precise way, our goal is that a user integrate his personal data (coming from an excel file, a text file,. . . ) with the data of the “institutional” bases such as those of the ncbi or swissprot. Lastly, we propose a semantic integration tool called “lysa”. This tool proposes not to explore a database through the structure of the base but through the data within. The purpose of this exploration is to make it possible for the user to find the “semantic” links between data
Paris, Nicolas. "Développement d'outils de conception de circuits intégrés et application à la réalisation d'une architecture de visualisation." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112131.
Full textDupont, Benoît. "Conception du compresseur supersonique du Rim Rotor Rotary Ramjet Engine." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8823.
Full textDarlet, Ludovic. "Système de visualisation scientifique assistée par ordinateur." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10044.
Full textHajjaj, Bouchra. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation biologique d’antagonistes de la bombésine pour la visualisation de cancers par imagerie médicale." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON13517.
Full textThe abundant expression of the GRP receptor in many frequently occurring cancers that inflict humans provides the opportunity to use radiolabeled bombesin analogs for their diagnosis and treatment. This postgraduate work is dedicated to the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new radiopharmaceuticals. These are made up of a GRP receptor antagonist, a spacer and the cyclic metal chelating agent DOTA. We first determined the spacer length which has optimal biological properties. Moving forward from this study, different radio-ligands containing new bombesin antagonists have been synthesized and biologically evaluated. Those antagonists are based on compound JMV 594, a powerful bombesin antagonist synthesized in our laboratory. Besides modifications of this peptide also dimers have been made to obtain more stable bombesin antagonist with more affinity to the GRP receptor
Esnard, Aurélien. "Analyse, conception et réalisation d'un environnement pour le pilotage et la visualisation en ligne de simulations numériques parallèles." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00080729.
Full textL'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et de développer une plate-forme logicielle, appelée EPSN (Environnement pour le Pilotage des Simulations Numériques), permettant de piloter une application numérique parallèle en s'appuyant sur des outils de visualisation eux-mêmes parallèles. En d'autres termes, il s'agit de mettre au service des scientifiques les capacités de la visualisation parallèle et plus largement de la réalité virtuelle (environnement immersif, murs d'images), une étape aujourd'hui cruciale pour la conception et l'exploitation de simulations numériques complexes en vraie grandeur. La mise en oeuvre d'un couplage efficace entre simulation et visualisation soulève deux problèmes majeurs, que nous étudions
dans cette thèse et pour lesquels nous souhaitons apporter une contribution : le problème de la coordination efficace des opérations de pilotages en parallèle et le problème de la redistribution pour des données complexes (grilles structurées, ensembles de particules, maillages non structurés).
Renaud, Clément. "Conception d'un outil d'analyse et de visualisation des mèmes internet : le cas du réseau social chinois Sina Weibo." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0070/document.
Full textWe develop a data mining and visualisation toolkit to study how the information is shared on online social network services. This software allows to observe relationships between conversational, semantical, temporal and geographical dimensions of online communication acts. Internet memes are short messages that spread quickly through the Web. Following models that remain largely unknown, they articulate personal discussions, societal debates and large communication campaign. We analyse a set of Internet memes by using methods from social network analysis and Chinese natural language processing on a large corpus of 200 million tweets which represents/reflects the overall activity on the Chinese social network Sina Weibo in 2012. An interactive visualisation interface showing networks of words, user exchanges and their projections on geographical maps provides a detailed understanding of actual and textual aspects of each meme spread. An analysis of hashtags in the corpus shows that the main content from Sina Weibo is largely similar to the ones in traditional media (advertisement, entertainment, etc.). Therefore, we decided to not consider hashtags as memes representatives, being mostly byproducts of wellplanned strategic or marketingcampaigns. Our final approach studies a dozen of memes selected for the diversity of their topic: humor, political scandal, breaking news and marketing
Renaud, Clément. "Conception d'un outil d'analyse et de visualisation des mèmes internet : le cas du réseau social chinois Sina Weibo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENST0070.
Full textWe develop a data mining and visualisation toolkit to study how the information is shared on online social network services. This software allows to observe relationships between conversational, semantical, temporal and geographical dimensions of online communication acts. Internet memes are short messages that spread quickly through the Web. Following models that remain largely unknown, they articulate personal discussions, societal debates and large communication campaign. We analyse a set of Internet memes by using methods from social network analysis and Chinese natural language processing on a large corpus of 200 million tweets which represents/reflects the overall activity on the Chinese social network Sina Weibo in 2012. An interactive visualisation interface showing networks of words, user exchanges and their projections on geographical maps provides a detailed understanding of actual and textual aspects of each meme spread. An analysis of hashtags in the corpus shows that the main content from Sina Weibo is largely similar to the ones in traditional media (advertisement, entertainment, etc.). Therefore, we decided to not consider hashtags as memes representatives, being mostly byproducts of wellplanned strategic or marketingcampaigns. Our final approach studies a dozen of memes selected for the diversity of their topic: humor, political scandal, breaking news and marketing
Daniel, Marc. "Modélisation de courbes et surfaces par des b-splines. : Application à la conception et à la visualisation de formes." Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2013.
Full textJeon, Seyong. "Étude du couplage entre un système de visualisation tridimensionnelle et un modeleur d'objets solides." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPD136.
Full textLamy, Jean-Baptiste. "Conception et évaluation de méthodes de visualisation des connaissances médicales : mise au point d'un langage graphique et application aux connaissances sur le médicament." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066374.
Full textYao, Lijie. "Situated Visualization in Motion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG093.
Full textIn my thesis, I define visualization in motion and make several contributions to how to visualize and design situated visualizations in motion. In situated data visualization, the data is directly visualized near their data referent, i.e., the physical space, object, or person it refers to. Situated visualizations are often useful in contexts where the data referent or the viewer does not remain stationary but is in relative motion. For example, a runner is looking at visualizations from their fitness band while running or from a public display as they are passing it by. Reading visualizations in such scenarios might be impacted by motion factors. As such, understanding how to best design visualizations for dynamic contexts is important. That is, effective and visually stable situated data encodings need to be defined and studied when motion factors are involved. As such, I first define visualization in motion as visual data representations used in contexts that exhibit relative motion between a viewer and an entire visualization. I classify visualization in motion into 3 categories: (a) moving viewer & stationary visualization, (b) moving visualization & stationary viewer, and (c) moving viewer & moving visualization. To analyze the opportunities and challenges of designing visualization in motion, I propose a research agenda. To explore to what extent viewers can accurately read visualization in motion, I conduct a series of empirical perception studies on magnitude proportion estimation. My results show that people can get reliable information from visualization in motion, even if at high speed and under irregular trajectories. Based on my perception results, I move toward answering the question of how to design and embed visualization in motion in real contexts. I pick up swimming as an application scenario because swimming has rich, dynamic data. I implement a technology probe that allows users to embed visualizations in motion in a live swimming video. Users can adjust in real-time visual encoding parameters, the movement status, and the situatedness of visualization. The visualizations encode real swimming race-related data. My evaluation with designers confirms that designing visualizations in motion requires more than what traditional visualization toolkits provide: the visualization needs to be placed in-context (e.g., its data referent, its background) but also needs to be previewed under its real movement. The full context with motion effects can affect design decisions. After that, I continue my work to understand the impact of the context on the design of visualizations in motion and its user experience. I select video games as my test platform, in which visualizations in motion are placed in a busy, dynamic background but need to help players make quick decisions to win. My study shows there are trade-offs between visualization's readability under motion and aesthetics. Participants seek a balance between the readability of visualization, the aesthetic fitting to the context, the immersion experience the visualization brings, the support the visualization can provide for a win, and the harmony between the visualization and its context
Yousfi, Nabil. "Contribution à l'optimisation aérodynamique des formes des véhicules de tourisme et utilitaires à l'aide des critères d'angles privilégiés entre arêtes." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d3a343b6-be81-4c58-a9bf-d13019371942.
Full textSavalle, Didier. "Contribution à la conception et à la réalisation d'un processeur d'exploitation et de visualisation des résultats d'un calcul de champs électromagnétiques tridimensionnels." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0053.
Full textSavalle, Didier. "Contribution à la conception et à la réalisation d'un processeur d'exploitation et de visualisation des résultats d'un calcul de champs électromagnétiques tridimensionnels." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609721f.
Full textMermet, Eric. "Aide à l'exploration des propriétés structurelles d'un réseau de transport : conception d'un modèle pour l'analyse, la visualisation et l'exploration d'un réseau de transport." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1037.
Full textA transportation network is a complex spatial system characterized by four dimension types : geometric, topological, metric and relational. Thanks to these dimensions, it is possible to perform analysis situated in between the descriptive analysis of components from databases and functional analysis based on anthropogenic parameters. This analysis called structural helps to emphasize some properties of the network without usage context. It is established on the construction and analysis of indicators based on the relationship generated by the network: the relational indicators. They highlight their relational possibilities ; ie how their structure and spatial organization and topology of their components predispose to connect places in space in more or less easy way. Our work consists of designing a model for analysis and exploration of the structural properties of a transportation network. This type of analysis leads to a combinatorial complexity related to the number of relationships within the network, algorithmic complexity related to the calculation of indicators and visual complexity related to the difficulty to emphasize information. The proposed model aims to supply the user with the exploratory analysis of structural properties of the network by creating exploratory maps. Our model is composed of two parts. The first one allows to prepare static maps of exploration. The second one enables the visual combination of maps based on a graphic language. Both aspects of the model were developed in a prototype software called GeoGraphLab
Ben, hamida Sonia. "Innover en Concevant des Systèmes et Services Favorisant la Création de Valeur : Proposition d’une Approche de Conception Pilotée par la Valeur en Phases Amont de Conception." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC077/document.
Full textDecision making in early design stages is crucial as well as difficult. Stakeholders’ needs and perceptions are difficult to predict and share among the design team. It is then difficult to understand which design concepts are the most valuable to explore.This thesis builds upon value-oriented design methodologies and develops a three-step methodology to maximize value creation in early design stages.The methodology was tested and validated on several industrial use cases
Huron, Samuel. "Constructive Visualization : A token-based paradigm allowing to assemble dynamic visual representation for non-experts." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112253/document.
Full textDuring the past two decades, information visualisation (InfoVis) research has created new techniques and methods to support data- intensive analyses in science, industry and government. These have enabled a wide range of analyses tasks to be executed, with tasks varying in terms of the type and volume of data involved. However, the majority of this research has focused on static datasets, and the analysis and visualisation tasks tend to be carried out by trained expert users. In more recent years, social changes and technological advances have meant that data have become more and more dynamic, and are consumed by a wider audience. Examples of such dynamic data streams include e-mails, status updates, RSS 1 feeds, versioning systems, social networks and others. These new types of data are used by populations that are not specifically trained in information visualization. Some of these people might consist of casual users, while others might consist of people deeply involved with the data, but in both cases, they would not have received formal training in information visualization. For simplicity, throughout this dissertation, I refer to the people (casual users, novices, data experts) who have not been trained in information visualisation as non-experts.These social and technological changes have given rise to multiple challenges because most existing visualisation models and techniques are intended for experts, and assume static datasets. Few studies have been conducted that explore these challenges. In this dissertation, with my collaborators, I address the question: Can we empower non-experts in their use of visualisation by enabling them to contribute to data stream analysis as well as to create their own visualizations?The first step to answering this question is to determine whether people who are not trained in information visualisation and the data sciences can conduct useful dynamic analysis tasks using a visualisation system that is adapted to support their tasks. In the first part of this dissertation I focus on several scenarios and systems where different sized crowds of InfoVis non-experts users (20 to 300 and 2 000 to 700 000 people) use dynamic information visualisation to analyse dynamic data.Another important issue is the lack of generic design principles for the visual encoding of dynamic visualization. In this dissertation I design, define and explore a design space to represent dynamic data for non-experts. This design space is structured by visual tokens representing data items that provide the constructive material for the assembly over time of different visualizations, from classic represen- tations to new ones. To date, research on visual encoding has been focused on static datasets for specific tasks, leaving generic dynamic approaches unexplored and unexploited.In this thesis, I propose construction as a design paradigm for non-experts to author simple and dynamic visualizations. This paradigm is inspired by well-established developmental psychological theory as well as past and existing practices of visualisation authoring with tangible elements. I describe the simple conceptual components and processes underlying this paradigm, making it easier for the human computer interaction community to study and support this process for a wide range of visualizations. Finally, I use this paradigm and tangible tokens to study if and how non-experts are able to create, discuss and update their own visualizations. This study allows us to refine our previous model and provide a first exploration into how non-experts perform a visual mapping without software. In summary, this thesis contributes to the understanding of dynamic visualisation for non-expert users
Damak, Mohamed. "Un logiciel de stockage, de traitement et de visualisation graphique et cartographique des données géologiques et géotechniques." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785637.
Full textWahl, François. "Un environnement d'aide aux ingénieurs basé sur une architecture en tâches et sur un module de visualisation de courbes. Application à la conception de procédés de raffinage." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529958.
Full textWahl, François. "Un environnement d'aide aux ingénieurs basé sur une architecture en taches et sur un module de visualisation de courbes. Application à la conception de procédés de raffinage." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1994. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529958.
Full textEa, Thomas. "Etude d'un capteur d'images stéréoscopique panoramique couleur : conception, réalisation, validation et intégration." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066421.
Full textLewon, Ivan. "Simulation par éléments finis du comportement mécanique d'un échangeur à plaques : conception et validation d'un logiciel métier." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN10134.
Full textDaassi, Chaouki. "Techniques d'interaction avec un espace de données temporelles." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005156.
Full textBourbeillon, Julie. "Vers une synthèse d'information orientée tâche - Application à la conception et l'évaluation de Tissue MicroArrays." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192285.
Full textL'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une solution à ce problème d'appréhension des données scientifiques. Illustrée dans le domaine applicatif des Tissue MicroArrays, la proposition se base sur la notion de synthèse, inspirée des paradigmes de Recherche d'Information. Le modèle de synthèse envisagé, qui donne un rôle central à l'étude que le chercheur veut mener, par la notion de tâche, permet l'opérationnalisation d'un concept de Recherche d'Information orientée tâche par un prototype. Le prototype mis en place est validé par des étude de cas et une étude utilisateurs et ouvre des perspectives intéressantes d'extension du modèle ou d'extension à d'autres domaines applicatifs.
El, Haddadi Amine. "Conception et développement d'un système d'intelligence économique (SIE) pour l'analyse de big data dans un environnement de cloud computing." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30033.
Full textIn the information era, people's lives are deeply impacted by IT due to the exposure of social networks, emails, RSS feeds, chats, white papers, web pages, etc. Such data are considered very valuable for companies since they will help them in improving their strategies, analyzing their customers' trends or their competitors' marketing interventions is a simple and obvious example. Also, with the advent of the era of Big Data, organizations can obtain information about the dynamic environment of the markets by analyzing consumer's reactions, preferences, opinions and rating on various social media and other networking platforms. Thus, the companies should be equipped with the consciousness of competitive intelligence (CI), and grasp the key points of CI, with setting up an efficient and simple competitive intelligence system adapted to support Big Data. The objective of this thesis is to introduce a new architectural model of Big Data collecting, analyzing and using, named XEW 2.0. This system operates according to four principal steps, where each of which has a dedicated service : (i) XEW sourcing service (XEW-SS), allows searching, collecting, and processing the data from different sources ; (ii) XEW data warehousing services (XEW-DWS) : This brings a unified view of the target corpus and then, creates a data warehouse accessible from the analytics and visualization services ; (iii) XEW Big Data Analytics service (XEW-BDAS) : allows for making multidimensional analyses by adapting data mining algorithms to Big Data ; (iv) XEW Big Data Visualization service (XEW-BDVS) : allows visualizing Big Data in the form of innovative design and graphs representing, for instance, social networks, semantic networks, strategic alliances networks, etc
Fasse, Isabelle. "Simulation d'illumination d'édifices architecturaux en image de synthèse : expérimentations." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10148.
Full textThe lighting design of interior or exterior architectural buildings or urban spaces in general, is a recent activity that nowadays undergoes profound changes from the conception to the realization. In this work, it is shown that computer aided simulations of the principals of light propagation as well as their visualization by image systhesis can provide precious support to lighting design. In particular, the novelty of this PhD work is two fold: - First, for an application point of view. The lighting design of the "Cour Carrée du Louvre" was the first project in its kind where a new lighting concept and a unique technology were invented and simulated before the in-situ realization. Through this application, it is shown how complex a lighting design can be, not only for a technical point of view by also for an architectural point of view. - Second, from an engineering point of view. Part of this work, contributed to the developpement of the first image systhesis software with which several lighting concepts were tested. The theorical background upon which this software is based as well as its functionalities are described
Guislain, Maximilien. "Traitement joint de nuage de points et d'images pour l'analyse et la visualisation des formes 3D." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1219/document.
Full textRecent years saw a rapid development of city digitization technologies. Acquisition campaigns covering entire cities are now performed using LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) scanners embedded aboard mobile vehicles. These acquisition campaigns yield point clouds, composed of millions of points, representing the buildings and the streets, and may also contain a set of images of the scene. The subject developed here is the improvement of the point cloud using the information contained in the camera images. This thesis introduces several contributions to this joint improvement. The position and orientation of acquired images are usually estimated using devices embedded with the LiDAR scanner, even if this information is inaccurate. To obtain the precise registration of an image on a point cloud, we propose a two-step algorithm which uses both Mutual Information and Histograms of Oriented Gradients. The proposed method yields an accurate camera pose, even when the initial estimations are far from the real position and orientation. Once the images have been correctly registered, it is possible to use them to color each point of the cloud while using the variability of the point of view. This is done by minimizing an energy considering the different colors associated with a point and the potential colors of its neighbors. Illumination changes can also change the color assigned to a point. Notably, this color can be affected by cast shadows. These cast shadows are changing with the sun position, it is therefore necessary to detect and correct them. We propose a new method that analyzes the joint variation of the reflectance value obtained by the LiDAR and the color of the points. By detecting enough interfaces between shadow and light, we can characterize the luminance of the scene and to remove the cast shadows. The last point developed in this thesis is the densification of a point cloud. Indeed, the local density of a point cloud varies and is sometimes insufficient in certain areas. We propose a directly applicable approach to increase the density of a point cloud using multiple images
Boton, Conrad. "Conception de vues métiers dans les collecticiels orientés service. Vers des multi-vues adaptées pour la simulation collaborative 4D/nD de la construction." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818022.
Full textToure, Carine. "Capitalisation pérenne de connaissances industrielles : Vers des méthodes de conception incrémentales et itératives centrées sur l’activité." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI095/document.
Full textIn this research, we are interested in the question of sustainability of the use of knowledge management systems (KMS) in companies. KMS are those IT environments that are set up in companies to share and build common expertise through collaborators. Findings show that, despite the rigor employed by companies in the implementation of these KMS, the risk of knowledge management initiatives being unsuccessful, particularly related to the acceptance and continuous use of these environments by users remains prevalent. The persistence of this fact in companies has motivated our interest to contribute to this general research question. As contributions to this problem, we have 1) identified from the state of the art, four facets that are required to promote the perennial use of a platform managing knowledge; 2) proposed a theoretical model of mixed regulation that unifies tools for self-regulation and tools to support change, and allows the continuous implementation of the various factors that stimulate the sustainable use of CMS; 3) proposed a design methodology, adapted to this model and based on the Agile concepts, which incorporates a mixed evaluation methodology of satisfaction and effective use as well as CHI tools for the completion of different iterations of our methodology; 4) implemented the methodology in real context at the Société du Canal de Provence, which allowed us to test its feasibility and propose generic adjustments / recommendations to designers for its application in context. The tool resulting from our implementation was positively received by the users in terms of satisfaction and usages
Desprat, Caroline. "Architecture événementielle pour les environnements virtuels collaboratifs sur le web : application à la manipulation et à la visualisation d'objets en 3D." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20103/document.
Full textWeb technologies evolutions during last decades fostered the development of collaborative virtual environments for 3D design at large scale. Despite the fact that collaborative environments gather in a same shared space geographically distant users in a common objective, the hardware ressources of their clients (calcul, storage, graphics ...) are often underused because of the challenge it represents. It is indeed a matter of offering an easy-to-use, efficient and transparent collaborative system to the user supporting both computationnal and 3D design visualisation and business logic needs in heterogeneous web environments. To scale well, numerous systems use a network architecture called "hybrid", combining both client-server and peer-to-peer. Optimistic replication is well adapted to distributed application such as 3D collaborative envionments : the dynamicity of users and their numbers, the 3D data type used and the large amount and size of it.This document presents a model for 3D web-based collaborative editing systems. This model integrates 3DEvent, an client-based architecture allowing us to bring 3D business logic closer to the user using events. Indeed, the need of traceability and history awareness is required during 3D design especially when several experts are involved during the process. This aspect is intrinsec to event-sourcing design pattern. This architecture is completed by a peer-to-peer middleware responsible for the synchronisation and the consistency of the system. To implement it, we propose to use the recent web standard API called WebRTC, close to cloud development services know by developers. To evaluate the model, two user studies were conducted on several group of users concerning its responsiveness and the acceptance by users in the frame of cooperative assembly tasks of 3D models
Devillers, Rodolphe. "Conception d'un système multidimensionnel d'information sur la qualité des données géospatiales." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008930.
Full textRichart, Nicolas. "Conception et mise en oeuvre d'une plate-forme de pilotage de simltions numériques parallèles et distribuées." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR13991/document.
Full textThe numerical simulations evolve more and more to simulations of complex physical phenomena through multi-scale or multi-physics codes. For these kind of simulations data analysis is a main issue for many reasons, as detecting bugs during the development phase or to understand the dynamic of the physical phenomena simulated during the production phase. The computational steering is a technique well suited to do all this kind of data analysis. The goal of this thesis is to design and develop a computational steering framework that take into account the complexity of coupled simulations. So, through a computational steering client we want to interact coherently with data generated in coupled simulations. This afford for example to visualize on-line the intermediate results of simulations. In order to make this possible we will introduce an abstract model that enables to represent coupled simulations and to know when we can interact coherently with them. These works have been validated on a legacy multi-scale simulation of material physics
Bourbeillon, Julie. "Vers une synthèse d'information orientée tâche - Application à la conception et l'évaluation de Tissue MicroArrays." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10150.
Full textIn a context where new technologies and equipment allow for mass treatment of samples and where research teams share more and more acquired data, scientists are facing a major data exploitation problem. More precisely using this data through data mining tools or replacing it in a classical experimental approach require a preliminary grasp on the information space in order to direct the process. But acquiring this grasp on the data is a complex activity which is seldom supported by current software tools. The goal of this thesis is to propose a solution to this scientific data grasp. Illustrated in the Tissue MicroArrays application domain, the proposal is based on the synthesis notion, which is inspired by Information Retrieval paradigms. The envisionned synthesis model gives a central role to the study the researcher wants to conduct through the task notion. It allows for the operationnalisation of a task-oriented Information Retrieval through a prototype. The prototype which has been developped is validated by case studies and an user study. It opens interesting prospects for the extension of the model or extensions towards other application domains
Kattan, Ali. "La réalité virtuelle immersive comme outil de représentation dans le processus de design. Application au programme INTERREG "Design dans la ville"." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL029N/document.
Full textOur research is in the field of industrial engineering and it is positioned specifically in the design. The general purpose of this thesis is to integrate the immersive Virtual Reality as a tool of representation in the process of new products design to enhance the toolkit of the designer, to compare and analyze its influence by providing the tools of traditional (T) and digital (N) and to support the creation and communication of ideas used in Design. For these tools of T and N, we will analyze in particular drawing, mock-up and software for computer aided design (CAD). Our goal is to propose a method to help especially the two actors of design (the designer and the architect) to choose the best tool for representation during the design process. We show the usefulness of integrating Virtual Reality VR technology as a new approach to their work. The experiments conducted allow us to identify the relationship of VR in the design process. Thus, to show: - A positive influence of VR on the aesthetic evaluation (according to the vision of the designer) and technology (according to the vision of those involved in design) of new product. - A better understanding of the subject specialists by stakeholders (industry, policy makers ...) and non-experts (users, consumers ...). Our research offers a potential to broaden the application of VR in other projects and improve the tool through the birth of a number of applications available to the designer
Bruley, Christophe. "Analyse des représentations graphiques de l'information : extensions aux représentations tridimensionnelles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10083.
Full textVermeulen, Mathieu. "Une approche meta-design des learning games pour développer leur usage." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS093.
Full textThis thesis in computer science is in the field of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) and more specifically in the field of Learning Games (LG), serious games dedicated to learning. It deals with their design, tools and models to facilitate it, and their use. To tackle this problem, we use the meta-design, an approach aiming to strongly involve the end users in the design stage but also in the use stage. To implement this approach with teachers, whom we consider as end users of LG, we propose different iterations of a simple and representable LG model to facilitate the collaborative design of these TELs, but also their reengineering. After a first iteration, the second iteration propose a model named DISC and the associated design method. They were tested in the co-design of a learning game used by teachers of higher education in the context of a MOOC and as an additional activity of a course. To involve teachers in the use stage, we propose to articulate this model with a learners’ traces visualizations tool to detect problematic pattern and, thus, facilitate the reengineering process of LG, the visualizations allowing traces analysis collected during the use stage. To carry out this research work, we chose to work with the THEDRE method which proposes an iterative research cycle supported by the feedback of indicators evaluating the process throughout the method. This continuous improvement, supported by the experiments, allow us to validate our propositions about the meta-design for the learning games