Journal articles: 'Concept of the system of the management of the economic activity efficiency on the basis of marginal approach'

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Mączyńska, Elżbieta. "The economy of excess versus doctrine of quality." Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie 42, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0142.

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A review article devoted to the book of Andrzej Blikle – Doktryna jakości. Rzecz o skutecznym zarządzaniu. As pointed out by the Author, the book is a case of a work rare on the Polish publishing market, written by an outstanding scientist, who successfully runs a business activity. The combination of practical experience with theoretical knowledge gave a result that may be satisfying both for practitioners as well as theorists, and also those who want to get to know the ins and outs of an effective and efficient business management. The Author of the review believes that it is an important voice for shaping an inclusive socio-economic system, which constitutes a value in itself. Although the book is mainly concerned with business management, its message has a much wider dimension and is concerned with real measures of wealth, money and people’s lives. The book was awarded The SGH Collegium of Business Administration Award “For the best scientific work in the field of business administration in the years 2014-2015”. Andrzej Jacek Blikle Doktryna jakości. Rzecz o skutecznym zarządzaniu (The Doctrine of Quality. On Effective Management) Gliwice, Helion Publishing Company, 2014, p. 546 Introduction One of the distinctive features of the contemporary economy and contemporary world is a kind of obsession of quantity which is related to thoughtless consumerism, unfavourable to the care for the quality of the work and the quality of the produced and consumed goods and services. It is accompanied by culture (or rather non-culture) of singleness. Therefore, the book The Doctrine of Quality by Andrzej Blikle is like a breath of fresh air. It is a different perspective on the economy and the model of operation of enterprises, on the model of work and life of people. A. Blikle proves that it can be done otherwise. He proves it on the basis of careful studies of the source literature – as expected from a professor of mathematics and an economist, but also on the basis of his own experience gained during the scientific and educational work, and most of all through the economic practice. In the world governed by the obsession of quantity, characterised by fragility, shortness of human relationships, including the relationship of the entrepreneur – employee, A. Blikle chooses durability of these relations, creativity, responsibility, quality of work and production, and ethics. The Doctrine of Quality is a rare example of the work on the Polish publishing market, whose author is a prominent scientist, successfully conducting a business activity for more than two decades, which has contributed to the development of the family company – a known confectionery brand “A. Blikle”. The combination of practical experience with theoretical knowledge gave a result that may be satisfying both for practitioners as well as theorists, and also those who want to get to know the ins and outs of an effective and efficient business management, or develop the knowledge on this topic. In an attractive, clear narrative form, the author comprehensively presents the complexities of business management, indicating the sources of success, but also the reasons and the foundations of failures. At the same time, he presents these issues with an interdisciplinary approach, which contributes to thoroughness of the arguments and deeper reflections. Holism, typical to this book, is also expressed in the focus of A. Blikle not only on the economic, but also on social and ecological issues. Here, the author points to the possibility and need of reconciliation of the economic interests with social interests, and the care for the public good. Analyses of this subject are presented using the achievements of many areas of studies, in addition to economic sciences, including mathematics, sociology, psychology, medicine, and others. This gives a comprehensive picture of the complexity of business management – taking into account its close and distant environment. There are no longueurs in the book, although extensive (over 500 pages), or lengthy, or even unnecessary reasoning overwhelming the reader, as the text is illustrated with a number of examples from practice, and coloured with anecdotes. At the same time, the author does not avoid using expressions popular in the world of (not only) business. He proves that a motivational system which is not based on the approach of “carrot and stick” and without a devastating competition of a “rat race” is possible. The author supports his arguments with references not only to the interdisciplinary scientific achievements, but also to the economic historical experiences and to a variety of older and newer business models. There is a clear fascination with the reserves of creativity and productivity in the humanization of work. In fact, the author strongly exposes the potential of productivity and creativity in creating the conditions and atmosphere of work fostering elimination of fear of the future. He shows that such fear destroys creativity. It is not a coincidence that A. Blikle refers to the Fordist principles, including the warning that manufacturing and business do not consist of cheap buying and expensive selling. He reminds that Henry Ford, a legendary creator of the development of the automotive industry in the United States, put serving the public before the profit. The Doctrine of Quality is at the same time a book – proof that one of the most dangerous misconceptions or errors in the contemporary understanding of economics is finding that it is a science of making money, chremastics. Edmund Phelps and others warned against this in the year of the outbreak of the financial crisis in the USA in 2008, reminding that economics is not a science of making money but a science of relations between the economy and social life [Phelps, 2008]. Economics is a science of people in the process of management. Therefore, by definition, it applies to social values and ethos. Ethos is a general set of values, standards and models of proceedings adopted by a particular group of people. In this sense, ethos and economics as a science of people in the process of management are inseparable. Detaching economics from morality is in contradiction to the classical Smithian concept of economics, as Adam Smith combined the idea of the free market with morality. He treated his first work, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, as an inseparable basis for deliberations on the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, which was the subject of the subsequent work of this thinker [Smith, 1989; Smith, 2012]. Identifying economics with chremastics would then mean that all actions are acceptable and desired, if their outcome is earnings, profit, money. The book of A. Blikle denies it. It contains a number of case studies, which also stimulate broader reflections. Therefore, and also due to the features indicated above, it can be a very useful teaching aid in teaching entrepreneurship and management. The appearance of a book promoting the doctrine of quality and exposing the meaning of ethos of work is especially important because today the phenomenon of product adulteration becomes increasingly widespread, which is ironically referred to in literature as the “gold-plating” of products [Sennett, 2010, pp. 115-118], and the trend as “antifeatures”, that is intentionally limiting the efficiency and durability of products of daily use to create demand for new products. A model example of antifeature is a sim-lock installed in some telephones which makes it impossible to use SIM cards of foreign operators [Rohwetter, 2011, p. 48; Miszewski, 2013]. These types of negative phenomena are also promoted by the development of systemic solutions aiming at the diffusion of responsibility [Sennett, 2010]. This issue is presented among others by Nassim N.N. Taleb, in the book with a meaningful title Antifragile: How to Live in a World We Don’t Understand? The author proves that the economy and society lose their natural durability as a result of the introduction of numerous tools and methods of insurance against risks, but mostly by shifting the burden of risks on other entities [Taleb, 2012]. N.N. Taleb illustrates his arguments with numerous convincing examples and references to history, recalling, inter alia, that in ancient times there was no building control, but the constructors, e.g. of bridges had to sleep under them for some time after their construction, and the ancient aqueducts are still working well until today. So, he shows that a contemporary world, focused on quantitative effects, does not create a sound base for ethical behaviours and the care for the quality of work and manufacturing. Andrzej Blikle points to the need and possibility of opposing this, and opposing to what the Noble Price Winner for Economics, Joseph Stiglitz described as avarice triumphs over prudence [Stiglitz, 2015, p. 277]. The phrase emphasised in the book “Live and work with a purpose” is the opposition to the dangerous phenomena listed above, such as for example antifeatures. convincing that although the business activity is essentially focused on profits, making money, limited to this, it would be led to the syndrome of King Midas, who wanted to turn everything he touched into gold, but he soon realised that he was at risk of dying of starvation, as even the food turned into gold. What distinguishes this book is that almost every part of it forces in-depth reflections on the social and economic relations and brings to mind the works of other authors, but at the same time, creates a new context for them. So, A. Blikle clearly proves that both the economy and businesses need social rooting. This corresponds to the theses of the Hungarian intellectual Karl Polanyi, who in his renowned work The Great Transformation, already in 1944 argued that the economy is not rooted in the social relations [Polanyi, 2010, p. 70]. He pointed to the risk resulting from commodification of everything, and warned that allowing the market mechanism and competition to control the human life and environment would result in disintegration of society. Although K. Polanyi’s warnings were concerned with the industrial civilization, they are still valid, even now – when the digital revolution brings fundamental changes, among others, on the labour market – they strengthen it. The dynamics of these changes is so high that it seems that the thesis of Jeremy Rifkin on the end of work [Rifkin, 2003] becomes more plausible. It is also confirmed by recent analyses included in the book of this author, concerning the society of zero marginal cost and sharing economy [Rifkin, 2016], and the analyses concerning uberisation [Uberworld, 2016]. The book of Andrzej Blikle also evokes one of the basic asymmetries of the contemporary world, which is the inadequacy of the dynamics and sizes of the supply of products and services to the dynamics and sizes of the demand for them. Insufficient demand collides with the rapidly increasing, as a result of technological changes, possibilities of growth of production and services. This leads to overproduction and related therewith large negative implications, with features of wasteful economy of excess [Kornai, 2014]. It is accompanied by phenomena with features of some kind of market bulimia, sick consumerism, detrimental both to people and the environment [Rist, 2015]. One of the more compromising signs of the economy of excess and wasting of resources is wasting of food by rich countries, when simultaneously, there are areas of hunger in some parts of the world [Stuart, 2009]. At the same time, the economy of excess does not translate to the comfort of the buyers of goods – as in theory attributed to the consumer market. It is indicated in the publication of Janos Kornai concerning a comparative analysis of the features of socio-economic systems. While exposing his deep critical evaluation of socialist non-market systems, as economies of constant deficiency, he does not spare critical opinions on the capitalist economy of excess, with its quest for the growth of the gross domestic product (GDP) and profits. As an example of the economy of excess, he indicates the pharmaceutical industry, with strong monopolistic competition, dynamic innovativeness, wide selection for the buyers, flood of advertisements, manipulation of customers, and often bribing the doctors prescribing products [Kornai 2014, p. 202]. This type of abnormalities is not alien to other industries. Although J. Konrai appreciates that in the economy of excess, including the excess of production capacities, the excess is “grease” calming down and soothing clashes that occur in the mechanisms of adaptation, he also sees that those who claim that in the economy of excess (or more generally in the market economy), sovereignty of consumers dominates, exaggerate [Kornai, 2014, pp. 171-172], as the manufacturers, creating the supply, manipulate the consumers. Thus, there is an excess of supply – both of values as well as junk [Kornai, 2014, p. 176]. Analysing the economy of excess, J. Kornai brings this issue to the question of domination and subordination. It corresponds with the opinion of Jerzy Wilkin, according to whom, the free market can also enslave, so take away individual freedom; on the other hand, the lack of the free market can lead to enslavement as well. Economists willingly talk about the free market, and less about the free man [Wilkin, 2014, p. 4]. The economy of excess is one of the consequences of making a fetish of the economic growth and its measure, which is the gross domestic product (GDP) and treating it as the basis of social and economic activity. In such a system, the pressure of growth is created, so you must grow to avoid death! The system is thus comparable to a cyclist, who has to move forwards to keep his balance [Rist, 2015, p. 181]. It corresponds with the known, unflattering to economists, saying of Kenneth E. Boulding [1956], criticising the focus of economics on the economic growth, while ignoring social implications and consequences to the environment: Anyone who believes in indefinite growth in anything physical, on a physically finite planet, is either mad or an economist. [from: Rist, 2015, p. 268]. GDP is a very much needed or even indispensable measure for evaluation of the material level of the economies of individual countries and for comparing their economic health. However, it is insufficient for evaluation of the real level of welfare and quality of life. It requires supplementation with other measures, as it takes into account only the values created by the market purchase and sale transactions. It reflects only the market results of the activity of enterprises and households. Additionally, the GDP account threats the socially desirable and not desirable activities equally. Thus, the market activity related to social pathologies (e.g. functioning of prisons, prostitution, and drug dealing) also increase the GDP. It was accurately expressed already in 1968 by Robert Kennedy, who concluded the discussion on this issue saying that: the gross national product does not allow for the health of our children, the quality of their education or the joy of their play. It does not include the beauty of our poetry or the strength of our marriages, the intelligence of our public debate or the integrity of our public officials. It measures neither our wit nor our courage, neither our wisdom nor our learning, neither our compassion nor our devotion to our country, it measures everything in short, except that which makes life worthwhile [The Guardian, 2012]. While Grzegorz W. Kołodko even states that it should be surprising how it is possible that despite a number of alternative measures of social and economic progress, we are still in the corset of narrow measure of the gross product, which completely omits many significant aspects of the social process of reproduction [Kołodko, 2013, p. 44]. In this context he points to the necessity of triple sustainable growth – economic, social, and ecological [Kołodko, 2013, p. 377]. Transition from the industrial civilisation model to the new model of economy, to the age of information, causes a kind of cultural regression, a phenomenon of cultural anchoring in the old system. This type of lock-in effect - described in the source literature, that is the effect of locking in the existing frames and systemic solutions, is a barrier to development. The practice more and more often and clearer demonstrates that in the conditions of the new economy, the tools and traditional solutions turn out to be not only ineffective, but they even increase the risk of wrong social and economic decisions, made at different institutional levels. All this proves that new development models must be searched for and implemented, to allow counteraction to dysfunctions of the contemporary economy and wasting the development potential, resulting from a variety of maladjustments generated by the crisis of civilisation. Polish authors who devote much of their work to these issues include G.W. Kołodko, Jerzy Kleer, or Maciej Bałtowski. Studies confirm that there is a need for a new pragmatism, new, proinclusive model of shaping the social and economic reality, a model which is more socially rooted, aiming at reconciling social, economic and ecological objectives, with simultaneous optimisation of the use of the social and economic potential [Kołodko, 2013; Bałtowski, 2016; Kleer, 2015]. There is more and more evidence that the barriers to economic development growing in the global economy are closely related with the rooting of the economy in social relations. The book of A. Blikle becomes a part of this trend in a new and original manner. Although the author concentrates on the analyses of social relations mainly at the level of an enterprise, at the same time, he comments them at a macroeconomic, sociological and ethical level, and interdisciplinary contexts constitute an original value of the book. Conclusion I treat the book of Andrzej Blike as an important voice in favour of shaping an inclusive social and economic system, in favour of shaping inclusive enterprises, that is oriented on an optimal absorption of knowledge, innovation and effective reconciliation of the interests of entrepreneurs with the interests of employees and the interests of society. Inclusiveness is indeed a value in itself. It is understood as a mechanism/system limiting wasting of material resources and human capital, and counteracting environmental degradation. An inclusive social and economic system is a system oriented on optimisation of the production resources and reducing the span between the actual and potential level of economic growth and social development [Reforma, 2015]. And this is the system addressed by Andrzej Blikle in his book. At least this is how I see it. Although the book is mainly concerned with business management, its message has a much wider dimension and is concerned with real measures of wealth, money and people’s lives. null

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Bieloborodova, M. V., and K. M. Zaichenko. "Improving the Efficiency of Enterprise on the Basis of Management of Business Processes." Business Inform 12, no. 527 (2021): 294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-12-294-300.

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The article provides key approaches to determining the concept of enterprise efficiency. One of them is the introduction of a process approach and optimization of production business processes. The purpose of the article is the theoretical studying and comprehensive determining the business processes of the enterprise to be optimized to increase its efficiency. The methodological instrumentarium of the study were methods such as retrospective analysis, synthesis, critical analysis, generalization method. In the current economic conditions of development of enterprises there are objective reasons justifying the need to move to the application of a process approach in management. An enterprise that applies a process approach to the organization of business environment management significantly increases the efficiency of economic activity. Economic activity is perceived as a totality of business processes, which aims to implement the mission and goals of the enterprise. It is determined that business processes management is a certain system of development and implementation of managerial decisions to ensure a high level of efficiency, which is reflected in the results of the enterprise. It is proved that the optimization of business processes of the enterprise is an effective instrument for ensuring the efficiency of activities and realizing the potential of the enterprise in the current conditions of uncertainty, as well as contributing to increasing profits and productivity growth, reducing costs, improving the quality of products or services, increasing their compliance with the needs of customers and consumers. For maximum quality of business processes in the enterprise, it is necessary to use optimization methods that will allow establishing a balance between the satisfaction of consumers and competing market forces, on the one hand, and business efficiency indicators on the other. Prospect for further research in this direction is to strategize the activities of enterprises on the basis of a process approach

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Fadeeva, Irina Evgenievna. "Professional and official development of personnel as basis of company economic efficiency." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2020, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2020-4-74-82.

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The article deals with the concept, content of professional and job development of the personnel of the enterprise, the features of labor activity in the modern economy, key elements and forms of professional and job development of personnel. Negative accents in the personnel management system are noted, e.g. hypertrophied forms of personnel management under the guise of its development and mixing of management techniques without taking into account the employees' mentality belonging to the culture and traditions of the region of residence. The goals of the system of management of professional and official development of personnel are considered as follows: the effective and optimal placement of the personnel of the enterprise and the realization of the personal and professional potential of employees through career growth. Setting and combining these goals allow a more comprehensive and effective approach to the management of professional and official development of personnel. An algorithm for personnel management is presented, which is introduced in successive steps: process organization, planning, motivation, control. In the development of a management strategy (movement) of the personnel of an enterprise, the key elements are used that form a closed cycle. The forms of development of managerial personnel were compiled and analyzed and recommendations were given for building a management system for professional and official development of enterprise personnel, taking into account the main condition for success: alignment of personal career goals with the goals of the enterprise. The actuality of the construction has been substantiated and the key elements of a holistic management system for the professional and job development of enterprise personnel have been described, planning of the individual development of the manager being in the center of the system.

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PAKHARENKO, Oleksandr. "RESEARCH THE CONTENTS OF THE ECONOMIC CATEGORY «NETWORK STRUCTURES»." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 4 (October 30, 2019): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-4-32.

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Introduction. High efficiency of functioning of network business structures, in comparison to traditional forms of entrepreneurship organization, their adaptability and mutual interest of all participants of relations in achieving the goal, led to a great interest in the network form of entrepreneurship organization by scientists and their practical implementation. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of the term «network structure» based on the definition of its essential features and associative concepts from the standpoint of institutional, collaborative and coordination approaches. Results. The semantic network was constructed as the analysis result of the concept of «network structure» using the content analysis method implemented in the software product TextAnalyst that characterizes the key categories that are related to the essence of the concept of network business structure. It is determined that associative concepts of network structure are: organization, interaction, association, management structure, a form of management, coordination, cooperation, alliance, structured population, integration, corporate structure, relations, coalition. Using the content analysis three approaches to explaining the essence of the concept «network business structure» were distinguished: institutional (according to which the network structure is considered as the organizational structure of the company), collaborative approach (network structure as a system of interconnections between structural elements) and coordination approach (network structure as a form of managing peer-to-peer entities to achieve common business goals). Conclusions. Based on the integration of selected approaches to explaining the essence of the concept under the network business structure, it is proposed to understand the hybrid form of interaction of business structures that operate on the basis of quasi-integration forms of control in order to achieve a synergistic effect in the realization of common economic interests. The proposed concept, unlike the existing ones, is based on a comprehensive consideration of the stages’ peculiarities of network forms development of business activity and reflects the essential features of an institutional, collaborative, coordination approach in the functioning of business structures. Keywords: network structure, hybrid structure, management, coordination, cooperation, quasi-integration.

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Starovoitov, V. G., S. N. Silvestrov, A. I. Selivanov, and D. V. Troshin. "Methodological Approaches to Creation and Organization of Functioning of a Federal Risk Management System." Management Science 8, no. 3 (October 3, 2018): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2404-022x-2018-8-3-64-73.

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The paper provides a methodological and methodical study of creation of a federal risk management system in the sphere of economics at the federal level (further - FRMS) provided for in a number of normative and concept selection documents recently accepted in the Russian Federation in order to organize and a regulate the activities for ensuring economic security of the Russian Federation. The study offers an evidence-based methodological basis for the creation of the FRMS with the use of modern approaches to the analysis of complex organizational systems. The research takes a system and vital methodological approaches and is based on the theory of development, the theory of management, and risk management practices of economic entities. The study states the methodological approach to the creation and functioning of the FRMS in concordance with “The strategy of economic security of the Russian Federation until 2030”. The authors identify the main characteristics of a national risk management system which features a higher level of complexity as compared to a corporation, a variety of terms and factors of existence and development, and a wider range of challenges, threats and risks as well as objectives and thus a wider range of operational values, criteria and sustainable development and efficiency indicators. The paper provides the bases for the realization of the purposes and functions of the FRMS and details its objectives. The article describes the methodological platform of the FRMS formation. The realization of the suggested methodology requires the involvement of subject matter specialists in various areas of knowledge and design - social systems, institutional approach to social and economic management, modeling of social objects, organizational systems, information and conceptual modeling, macroeconomics, information technologies, cognitive science and expert systems. The realization of the system requires the development of a road map and standard legal support, particularly, the statutorization of tasks and functions of national and economic security provision in the local acts regulating the activity of FSRM subjects - public authorities.

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Barna, Iryna. "THE CONCEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 51, no. 2 (December 8, 2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.21.2.2.

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Environmental impact assessment as a tool to prevent the negative impact of economic objects was initiated in response to the challenges that arose in the «nature-society-economy» system (NSES). Today, the interaction of society and nature is manifested through the economy, in particular, in construction, reconstruction, technical retrofitting, expansion, redevelopment of various economic facilities, which is inevitably accompanied by changes in parameters, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the environment. Afterwards, it could potentially cause damage to the environment. This makes environmental safety, environmental protection, rational use and reproduction of natural resources necessary. Understanding the system as interconnected components that acquire the characteristics of the whole, as opposed to a set of components, determines the need to consider the environmental consequences of the activity from the perspective of the system, which is formed on the basis of natural resource potential. Consideration of issues related to the process of economic activity, the peculiarities of the functioning of economic facilities from the standpoint of the prospects of socio-economic development of the region, country or through the prism of economic indicators was disadvantageous. Economic indicators served as a basis for the analysis of the relationship in the «society-economy» system and were assessed at the level of meeting the needs of the population through the category of demand and efficiency of the factory that provided supply. However, the environmental aspects of the factories' activities were removed from the equation, especially in the absence of legislative regulation of the decision-making processes on economic activities that may have a significant impact on the environment, taking into account governmental, public and private interests. Systematic analysis as a category is reflected and applied in science, economics, management (when making decisions based on the fundamental concept of «system»). The founder of the general theory of systems K.L.von Bertalanffy defined a «system» as a set of interacting elements that are in a certain relationship between themselves and the external environment. The interaction between the system and the external environment is realized through input and output streams, which combine nature, society and economy (production, economics). Thus, systematic analysis in the process of environmental impact assessment is a set of methods, means of implementing a systematicatic approach in the preparation and justification of decisions on the implementation of planned activities. Today, systematic analysis most fully determines the activities of authorized government authorities. EIA department employees of regional administrations analyze project materials for compliance with the requirements of the latest environmental legislation and thus ensure compliance with the commitments of the state regarding «nature» and «society». To this end, the Law of Ukraine on EIA also provides for public participation, which can influence decision-making through comments and suggestions on planned activities. To implement a systematic approach in the NSES EIA employees of regional administrations analyze project materials from the standpoint of balance of environmental and economic interests, so only on the basis of systematic analysis decisions can be made on the introduction of planned activities that will ensure the implementation of the goal of environmental impact assessment. Economic agents are less likely to implement a systematic analysis of the planned project for many reasons. This state of affairs is the result of consideration of the project by the economic agents at the level of the «economy» component outside the NSES. The project of the planned activity pursues private economical interests which can even be in a fairway of programs of regional social and economic development of the region, but at the same time neglects balance of economic and ecological interests. The latter provides for the minimization of damage to the environment, the rational use of natural resources of the territory during the implementation of planned activities, which requires consideration of the relationship between the economy and nature in the NSES. Environmental interest also includes the need to ensure a safe environment for living and health while carrying out the activities. Key words: environmental impact assessment, planned activity, system, systematic approach, systematic analysis.

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DEHTIAROVA, Olha. "Development of balanced indicators system for the strategy of using energy from renewable sources in industrial enterprise." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 7 (July 30, 2020): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.7.3.

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Introduction. Implementation of renewable energy resources on manufacturing enterprises is a big challenge in Ukraine. The Energy Strategy of Ukraine has an ambitious goal to reach 25% of renewable energy in national energy balance. Manufacturing enterprises play important role in realization of this strategy as far as they are the biggest consumers of energy. Obviously they need corresponding tools to implement renewable energy in the production activity. Energy controlling is a theoretical concept and practical instrument for management control in energy sector. Balanced scorecards (BSC) are controlling’s tool and can be used not only for analytical activities, but also for implementation of renewable energy strategy on manufacturing enterprise. The purpose of the paper is formation of balanced scorecard for implementation of renewable energy strategy on manufacturing enterprise. The methodology of research covers theoretical basis of energy efficient production and D. Norton & R. Kaplan’s approach to development of BSC; survey of top managers in energy sectors of industrial enterprises. Results. Energy controlling is a new direction in development of controlling concept that is often called “management control” in the English speaking research area. The paper analyzed its theoretical basis and practical experience with the focus on renewable energy. The BSC is a successful tool for effective implementation of different strategies on enterprise as well as it is often used for analytical work. The paper proposes to use BSC’s for implementation of renewable energy strategy developed both the scheme of strategic initiatives and the template of BSC to achieve the goal of improving the renewable energy efficiency in the production activities of industrial enterprises. Conclusion. Energy controlling has the potential to contribute to improving the economic efficiency of renewable energy systems. Besides, it can make them transparent, profitable and manageable. The corresponding BCS can be developed for every company that is interested in implementation of renewable energy in production activity. The BSC sets strategic goals for promoting and enhancing the efficiency of the renewable energy system and controls the progress along the roadmap towards the strategic goals.

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Karpova, Tetyana. "FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MECHANISM OF THEIR EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING." Economic Analysis, no. 30(4) (2020): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.04.132.

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Introduction. In today conditions of uncertainty businesses face the problem of finding tools to maintain their positions, to ensure stable, continuous, efficient activity. In achieving the efficiency of activity an important function is performed by financial support, which plays an exceptional role both in the implementation of operational activities and in the implementation of investments according to the development strategy of the enterprise. Given this, it is necessary to develop the system of mechanisms of enterprise financial resources formation on the conceptual approach providing its effective functioning. Purpose. Development of mechanisms of enterprise financial resources formation in the context of their effective functioning based on the conceptual approach, which includes principles, objectives, tasks and directly mechanisms of financial provision management of the enterprise. Method (methodology). It is used general scientific methods, in particular, the analysis and synthesis, the method of modeling, graphic method. Results. The article investigates groups of financial resources formation sources. As a result, on the basis of the conceptual approach, the system of mechanisms has been developed: the mechanism of management of own financial resources formation, the mechanism of mobilization of enterprise financial resources from borrowed sources. Because the formation approach of financial security should be balanced, with an optimal combination of own and borrowed funds, mechanisms are developed as constituent elements of the concept of improving the management of financial support of the enterprise. Its main goal is defined: ensuring effective management decisions to attract sufficient financial resources to maximize profits and increase the market value of the enterprise. The article proposes a division of internal factors of production development into three groups: factors of resource support of production, factors that ensure the desired level of economic and technical development of the company, factors that ensure the commercial efficiency of industrial and economic activity of the enterprise. The direction of further research is determined by the development of methods for assessing the effectiveness of financial support for enterprise development.

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Bezpartochnyi, Maksym. "Ensuring sustainable economic development of state owned enterprises." INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, no. 5-6 (August 2019): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2019.5-6.9.

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Purpose. The aim of the article is to substantiate the use of mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic development of state enterprises. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of study is a systematic approach to knowledge of fundamental provisions of formation of information and analytical support for the sustainable economic development of state enterprises. A system of general scientific and special methods are used to achieve the intended goal, namely: methods of logical generalization and comparison – to form main provisions of organization of sustainable economic development of state enterprises; methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization – in study of functional areas for evaluating indicators and strategic scenarios; abstract and logical method – in formulating the conclusions of the study. Findings. The necessity of applying relevant principles and organizational and economic mechanisms, on basis of which indicators of economic activity are determined, is substantiated. The indicators of ensuring economic sustainable development of a state-owned enterprise are recommended to be determined in following functional areas: economic and marketing activities, finance, and personnel management. It has been established that operation of mechanism of sustainable economic development is ensured by resource potential through optimization, sound management principles, in accordance with the goals of the activity and methods of making managerial decisions, achieving rationality of economic processes. Possible management strategies to ensure sustainable economic development of state-owned enterprises are identified, taking into account possible strategic vectors that contribute to increasing efficiency of using economic potential. Based on this, strategic scenarios for ensuring sustainable economic development are proposed. Originality.The scientific novelty consists in substantiating the concept of building and using mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic development of state enterprises by defining principles in system of managerial making decision and strategic guidelines Practical value. Using proposed strategic scenarios to ensure sustainable economic development will allow to develop a model of economic development in accordance with conditions of current and strategic level of enterprise development. The effect will be ability to achieve sustainable economic development of state-owned enterprises in accordance with strategic goals based on accessible information support. Key words: sustainable economic development; management; strategy; state-owned enterprise.

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Chernyavs'ka, Iryna, and Olexander Marchenko. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM BEHIND THE CREATION AND FUNCTIONING OF TECHNOPOLES." ECONOMIC BULLETIN OF THE DNIPROVSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY 1, no. 2(3) (April 12, 2022): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2709-2879.2021iss2(3).254821pp24-30.

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Presently, finding priority areas as well as organizational and technological forms of innovation becomes crucial for the development of both high-tech and traditional sectors of the domestic economy. Solving problematic issues requires improved mechanisms of management and intensified interaction between the subjects of innovation processes, as well as the formation of such infrastructure facilities that can become vibrant hubs generating and implementing innovations and new technologies. Relying on the systemic approach, the paper aims to elaborate the theoretical and methodological principles shaping the concept of organizational and economic mechanism of creation and maintenance of technopoles. The following general and special research methods were employed: those of theoretical generalization and deduction, system-structural analysis, and system analysis. The basis for the analysis were statistical data on the state of innovation in Ukraine collected for the period 2017-2020, research on the effectiveness of organizational forms of innovation and scientific work of Ukrainian scientists on this issue. The paper discusses and outlines the essence of organizational and economic mechanism of creation and maintaining the technopolis, determines the structural elements of the mechanism from the systemic standpoint. The research uncovers positive dynamics in relation to the innovative activity of industrial enterprises and reveals a few main factors that inhibit innovative activity. It is argued that in order to improve the efficiency of technopoles and other facilities of innovation infrastructure it is vital to focus on the following priority areas: the introduction of untapped opportunities, intensification of state innovation policy, provision of additional support for regional innovations. Implementation of the developed organizational and economic mechanism of formation and development of technopoles and other facilities of innovation infrastructure can significantly improve the efficiency of their operation and raise the level of innovation.

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Shevtsiv, L. Y., and T. I. Spodaryk. "Organization of Management Accounting at Domestic Enterprises within the System of Accounting and Analytical Management." Business Inform 10, no. 513 (2020): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-10-255-266.

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The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical approaches to the organization of management accounting on the basis of its own paradigm of accounting and information support for making effective decisions on strategic management of the enterprise. Problems of the organization of the administrative account at the domestic enterprises are defined. The results of scientists' research on the choice of technologies / tools for the organization of management accounting, which provide more opportunities for the analysis of accounting and analytical information, increase the speed of its receipt, are generalized. The necessity of building management accounting in the accounting and information system of the enterprise is researched. The authors allocate the concept of accounting and analytical support and accounting and analytical information as one of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of enterprises in modern market conditions, which are largely due to the processes of economic and digital globalization, ensure the interaction of different departments of any enterprise. It is substantiated that the main functions of accounting and analytical support are accounting, analytical and information. Emphasis is placed on the list of accounting software products for their role in the accounting system of the enterprise. The stages of construction of management accounting, their influence on the formation of business strategy in modern enterprises are determined. The advantages of using financial and non-financial indicators of the enterprise, the relevant approach, which will perform management functions in order to make managerial decisions by type of activity, are analyzed. It is examined that the organizational support of the functioning of management accounting involves the redistribution of roles between services (departments), which belong to the information section of the organizational structure of enterprise management. The organization of management accounting in the accounting and information support of the enterprise management system is proposed to be carried out on the basis of the developed model. A number of advantages that the modern organization faces at the stage of organization of management accounting are determined, the corresponding generalizations, conclusions and offers are made. The necessity of further improvement is substantiated and the main purpose of management accounting at the enterprises at the present stage of development of a market society is defined.

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Davydov, Oleksandr. "PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED INDICATOR IN VALUE-BASED MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES." Economic Analysis, no. 27(3) (2017): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.03.190.

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The subject of the study is methodology for assessing the economic value added of enterprises for the purposes of value-based management at the microeconomic level. The purpose of the study is to determine the problems and perspectives of applying the indicator of economic value added in value-based management of enterprises on the basis of the essence and peculiarities of the calculation of economic value added, analysis of the degree of integriration of its indicator into the management system using the criterion of maximizing the value of enterprises at the micro level of the economy nowadays. Research methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systems approach, comparative analysis have been used in the research. The results of the research. The genesis of the economic value added index and its difference from the classical measures of profitability of enterprises have been investigated in this article. The essence of economic value added and peculiarities of its definition have been described. The areas of possible application of the indicator of economic value added in the process of assessing the efficiency of enterprises have been defined. The indicative functions of the economic value added indicator in the management activity from the standpoint of the assessment of the degree of efficiency of the use of the capital and dynamics of the value of enterprises have been determined. The way of behavior of the owners of enterprises depending on the variants of values of the indicator of economic value added has been considered. The basic ways of increasing economic value added and management measures on their realization have been singled out. The drawbacks of the use of the indicator of economic value added in value-based management of enterprises have been detercted. The proposals for the improvement of the economic value added as a tool for value-based management of enterprises have been given. The scope of the research results is the development of the method of adequate measurement of economic value added in the process of implementing the concept of value-based management of enterprises. Conclusion. The results of the study show the necessity to improve the economic value added with the help of reflecting the benefits of all key company stakeholders, while taking into account fundamental effects of its performance in the current economic environment.

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Pirogova, Оksana, and Marina Makarevich. "The mechanism for value formation in a trading enterprise." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 05070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819305070.

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Currently, one of the problems in managing the development of trade enterprises is the problem of choosing the type of value and management of this value. This problem can be solved on the basis of the concept of value-based management (VBM). The concept is based on the value of the enterprise, which, in the form of a quantitative integrated assessment, reflects the efficiency of the operation and the prospects for the development of the enterprise, balancing in one measure such important economic categories of microeconomics as profitability, risk and growth rates. The article considers the types of value used in the valuation of trading enterprises and shows that the fundamental value can be used in managing the development of a trading enterprise. The article considers the components of the fundamental value, which include the balance component, the operating component, the investment component, and the component of dynamic flexibility. The fundamental value covers all levels of management of a trading enterprise, both strategic and tactical. As it allows building a developed system of indicators, managers will be made it possible to make well-founded management decisions and contribute to the main task of increasing the value of a trading enterprise. The offered approach allows linking the components of the fundamental value of a trading enterprise with the levels of management of the enterprise and the forms of activity of a trading enterprise.

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Shpykuliak, Oleksandr, and Olha Alieksieieva. "Development of farms in the organizational and economic support of employment of the population." Ekonomika APK 318, no. 4 (April 28, 2021): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202104095.

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The purpose of the article is to carry out the economic and institutional analysis of development of farms and to define prospects of strengthening of a role of this form of managing in organizational and economic maintenance of employment of the population in agricultural production. Research methods. In the process of research a number of general scientific and special methods were used, in particular: system-structural analysis and synthesis as the main methodological tool (for analysis of development and efficiency of farms in the context of employment performance evaluations); monographic (in determining the nature and methodological assessment of the priority of the role of farms as promising to ensure the socio-economic development of the territories); extrapolation (when substantiating the promising strategic priorities for the development of family farming as an entrepreneurial subsystem to ensure opportunities to solve problems of sustainable development of rural areas and employment of the rural population). Research results. The methodological context is outlined and empirical assessments of the role and trends in the development of farms in the organizational and economic support of employment are made. The specifics of characterizing the importance of farms as subjects of entrepreneurial activity in the agricultural sector of the economy, which have a special socio-economic significance in the status of implementation of the functions of the labor institution while ensuring its productivity and efficiency. A comparative assessment of the efficiency of production activities of agricultural enterprises and farms according to the product approach in the format of profitability estimates. The concept of perspective significance of family farms in the mechanism of their institutionalization into the market mechanism of agricultural employment is characterized. Scientific novelty. It is proved that in Ukraine farms, in particular family farms are extremely important in solving the problems of rural activity, are able to implement programs of mass development of agricultural employment, as well as contribute to the sustainable development of territories. It is established that farming gradually acquires efficiency that prevails over other forms of management, which is associated with the motivation of work on the basis of family employment, the personification of the results of employment on one's own farm. Theoretical and methodological assumptions are conceptualized and practical assessments of the exceptional importance of the priority of systemic support for the development of family farming in rural areas within the implementation of the global trend of promoting sustainable development as a priority model of entrepreneurial employment, a mechanism to improve welfare. Practical significance. The definition of the role of farms and family farms in the organizational and economic provision of employment of the population with a projection on the achievement of criteria for the sustainability of the development of the agricultural sector and territories is methodologically substantiated and conceptualized. Tabl.: 4. Refs.: 50.

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MAZUR, Аnatoliy. "INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FAMILY-TYPE HOUSEHOLDS IN RURAL AREAS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 3 (43) (March 2019): 86–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-3-8.

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The article considers urgent issues of regulation of the agricultural production development based on the use of provisions of the theory of institutionalism in the administrative process. The author defines on a systematic basis the essence, content and position of the theory of institutionalism in the formation of agrarian relations in the rural area, emphasizes the dominant human role in the formation of extended economic reproduction as a factor of the growth of production and formation of human potential in rural areas. The practical content of institutionalism is based on the development of rules and codes of conduct in a market environment for family commodity producers, which can be conducive to extended economic reproduction. The object of the study is the process of functioning of small agribusiness in rural areas. The subject of the study is a set of managerial, economic and legal aspects that comprise institutional content of the development of small businesses in rural areas. Methodological basis of this publication is the fundamental provisions of modern economic theory, scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists on the specified problems, which reveal the essence of the above-defined economic theory and its influence on the nature of modern economic relations in the rural areas. The objectives set in the article have been solved from the standpoint of a systematic approach and the use of the following methods: monograph – to study and summarize the scientific and methodological foundations of the theory of institutionalism; abstract-logical – develop and specify the categorical apparatus of research and formulation of conclusions; graphic – to establish the structural elements of the category “institutes” and “institutions”; peer review – to determine the motivation for choosing a form of business. Scientific works on the specified problems by well-known foreign scientists W. Hamilton, T. Veblen, R. Cruz, D. Nart, M. Olsen and domestic scientists V. Heets, H. Kaletnik , M. Malin, A. Mazur, O. Shpykuliak, etc. who study this problem are used in this research. On the basis of scientific research, the author has formed a scientific paradigm as a synthesis of hypotheses and theories that investigates structural changes in unstable economic systems. He refers the environment to the main elements of institutional theory, e.g. norms and rules of living in the rural area; property rights; economic entities of business activity; contractual terms and market transformations in the land system; production efficiency; quality of management: the degree of trust in society; transaction costs, etc. The study emphasizes that the essence of institutional theory is based on the content of the conceptual apparatus, which makes it possible to reveal the mechanisms of functioning and interaction of institutions in the agrarian economy. The author argues that “institutions” are rules of the game in society, or thought-out restrictions that direct human activity in a particular direction. They influence the socio-economic processes as traditions, social individual norms of the organizational structure of the enterprise, etc. In other words, they structure human and organizational interaction coordinating exchanges within the achievement of agricultural production efficiency. Practical activity on the formation of institutional environment in the rural area is based on maximizing the possibility of developing a family type of business. In particular, the main priorities of the state agricultural policy should be creation of conditions for realization and protection of rural people’s rights to land and formation of market relations in the rural area. In our opinion, a priority direction of the institutional support of business entities in rural areas is the development and implementation of state and regional programs of integrated development of rural areas, improvement of state support of the enterprise development. The study of the foundations of institutionalism as an economic theory and practice of economic activity lets us conclude that it is advisable to introduce this concept as a form of economic relations in the system of small-scale agricultural production.

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TerentevA, Nataliya, and Ye PAVELCHUK. "INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS AS A FACTOR OF EFFECTIVE ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 300, no. 6 (December 3, 2021): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-300-6-39.

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In today’s competitive environment, companies must constantly interact with existing and potential customers. At the same time, the basic tools of marketing communications are no longer effective enough. An integrated approach to the formation of a complex of marketing communications is thus able to help companies strategically build communication with consumers. Multilateral study of the concept of integrated marketing communications and its differences from the complex of marketing communications is the basis for determining its role in the formation of communications between businesses and consumers. Modern companies are constantly trying to find new ways to communicate with consumers and improve existing ones; to convince consumers of the quality and benefits of their product. That is why marketing communications play a crucial role in creating and maintaining relationships with consumers. Increasing competition in the market increases the interest in building stable and integrated relationships. A successful combination of different marketing tools forms an integrated marketing communications as a holistic system of enterprise activities aimed at achieving maximum economic efficiency from the synthesis of various marketing tools and principles of communication process management. Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) is a strategy that shifts the marketing department from individual functions to a single interconnected approach. IMC covers different marketing channels and combines them into one clear message.The composition of integrated marketing communications of a particular enterprise depends on its industry affiliation, innovation activity and stage of the product life cycle, so much so that the formation of integrated marketing communications of innovation-active industrial enterprises should ensure the suitability of their basic tools.

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Mykytyuk, Yuliia. "Analysis of the influence of risk factors on the efficiency of innovation-investment projects in construction." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 3(93) (July 7, 2019): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2019.03.087.

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Introduction. Despite extensive research in the field of innovation, it is necessary to point out the lack of methodological approaches to assess the efficiency of innovation activity of enterprises, although a wide range of recommendations based on existing approaches have been made to address certain aspects of these issues, but they require further development, deepening and systematization. including those taking into account risk factors. The importance of addressing the issues of improving existing methods of assessing the effectiveness of investment in innovation, developing methodological approaches to quantitative assessment of the level of innovation risk and uncertainty, finding ways to choose between alternative options for investing in innovative projects, defines the problem of evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the organizational provisions of the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovative investment projects in construction. In order to achieve this goal, we are tasked with: determining the impact of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation and investment projects; consider the use of cognitive risk modeling of an investment project. Research methods. To achieve this goal, the article uses the following general scientific and specific research methods: analysis and synthesis - to improve the interpretation of the concept of “innovation risk”; systematic approach - to clarify the economic content of the concept of “efficiency of innovation-investment projects”; expert evaluation - to calculate the integral values of risk in the implementation of innovative investment projects in construction. Results. The application of cognitive modeling methodology in the process of analyzing the effectiveness of innovation investment projects is substantiated, it is established that the use of cognitive modeling technology can be considered as one of the possible options for the development of methodological tools for risk assessment of innovative projects in terms of time constraints and the need to take into account the complex system of interconnectedness the number of heterogeneous risk factors. Discussion. Prospects for further development of the research are structuring and risk assessment, depending on the level of influence on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects, taking into account organizational, management, production and financial and economic risks. The use of cognitive modeling technology should be considered as one of the possible ways of developing methodological tools for assessing the risks of innovative projects in the conditions of limited time and the need to take into account the complex system of interrelationships of a large number of heterogeneous risk factors. Further scientific research towards the analysis of the influence of risk factors on the effectiveness of innovation- investment projects in construction should be taken as a basis for the development of an adequate anti-risk mechanism for managing the efficiency of innovation-investment projects.

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Trush, Iryna. "Ways to improve the innovation performance of enterprises." Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, no. 4(98) (February 20, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2020.04.138.

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Introduction. It is proved that the role of innovation efficiency is significant for high- tech enterprises and is growing for the economy as a whole. However, evaluation of the efficiency of investment in innovation, which is used in practice, does not take into account sufficiently the features of the innovation process, which leads to a high proportion of false decisions and lack of the commercial outcome of innovations. To increase the efficiency of innovative activities of enterprises, new requirements are put forward to improve the mechanism of selection of innovative projects during their internal examination.The purpose of the study is to deepen the methodological approaches to assess the effectiveness of innovation performance of enterprises and improve the mechanism of examination of innovative projects.Research methods. The article used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis - to improve the interpretation of the concept of “innovative activity of the enterprise”; system approach - to clarify the economic meaning of the concepts of “management of innovative activities of the enterprise”, “efficiency of innovative activities of the enterprise”; graphic - for visual representation of statistical material and illustration of theoretical and practical provisions; expert assessment - to determine the effectiveness of innovative activities of the enterprise.Results of the research. In the course the evaluation of the efficiency of investments in the innovation project predetermines processing of expert assessments applying special tools, which involves checking the conditions of consistency and consensus of experts’ ideas. The final stage of the expertise involves making a decision on selection of one or several innovation projects for implementation in the conditions of the enterprise under consideration. It is established that the basis of selection should be the rating of the innovation project, the cost of its implementation and the budget of the enterprise’s innovation development. The final decision on the appropriateness of introduction of the innovation project does not require rigid formalization, but should be taken by senior management board of the enterprise as a result of qualitative assessment of the efficiency of investment in innovation projects.Perspectives. In future research, we plan to develop an algorithm for evaluating and selecting innovative projects during its examination at the enterprise level; to investigate the methodological tools for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative activities of enterprises.

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SADCHENKO, O. V., S. O. NIKOLA, and L. M. ZALUBINSKA. "IMPROVEMENT OF ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR REGULATION OF ENTERPRISE ACTIVITY IN THE "GREEN ECONOMY" DEVELOPMENT AREA." Economic innovations 21, no. 2(71) (June 20, 2019): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.2(71).109-120.

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Topicality. Market mechanisms of the functioning of the economy as a set of levers used in the management system, requires in-depth theoretical developments on the basis of objective economic patterns and the introduction of real commodity-money relations, taking into account environmental components. An important point is the regulation of entrepreneurship based on the improvement of the economic mechanism. The accelerated growth of the population of the planet caused a general increase in anthropogenic load on the biosphere, bringing it in some cases to a critical level. Waste human life and production have become the cause of almost universal pollution of air, water and soil. The gradual change in environmental pollution and the depletion of natural resources has led to a process of changing (deteriorating) the quality of the environment. As a result, there was a threat of irreversible degradation of the natural environment, when the growth of people's needs and the need to provide life to a growing population were in conflict with natural environmental constraints. It became clear that society, guided by the concept of sustainable development, should pay particular attention to the creation of zones (areas) of the "green economy", where local, state and global problems of preserving the natural potential of the territory, which may consist of several such zones, will be addressed.The adverse effects on the population of possible changes in the environment in real ecosystems always contribute to the emergence of zones of environmental risk, and in consequence, and areas of environmental disaster.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to define the economic mechanism of regulation of entrepreneurship in the zones of development of the "green economy" in Ukraine. To do this, you should identify the concept and the essence of the zones of qualitative change in the natural environment. At the same time, regardless of the more widespread use of the principles of the green economy, the green business and the awareness of the benefits that they give to both entrepreneurs and society, the boundaries of determining these zones remain rather blurred.Research results. The conceptual bases and methodical principles of the implementation of the economic mechanism of regulation of entrepreneurship in the zones of development of the "green economy" (ZRZE) in Ukraine are considered. The article considers the role of tax and price mechanisms in the efficiency of the functioning of green economy development zones. Both scientific and practical value is determined by providing privileges for attracting foreign and national capital, which will allow to overcome the socio-ecological and economic crisis in the ecological situation both in separate regions and in Ukraine as a whole. Local authorities should be empowered to develop and approve their programs for the creation and operation of the SRZE based on the specifics of the economy and the ecological state of the regions concerned. Regional programs are implemented at the expense of benefits provided within the relevant local taxes and fees, as well as the budgets of the respective regions.There is a need for a certain system of tax deduction, based on the essence of the economic activity of the enterprise, the specific features of production and economic and environmental potential of these areas. Depending on the conditions of activity and resulting from the end-product or service on some sites ZRZE, consideration should be given to determining the value of the tax based on the ratio of the amount of income to the amount of the cost of the active part of fixed assets (excluding turnover because it would have led to the intentional increase their value, and, accordingly, prices). Thus, the tax should be charged depending on the efficiency of the use of fixed assets, that is, on their profitability. This would exclude the exploitation of the equipment to its full depreciation, ensured the receipt of net income without unnecessary trouble and allocation of appropriate funds for its restoration and the introduction of advanced, progressive low-waste technologies in order to reduce the given ratio, and with it the amount of taxes. Thus, we can prevent the reduction of production, price increases, the complication of industrial relations and pollution of the environment. In order to ensure a corresponding increase in wages, it is necessary to carry out the renovation of fixed assets, to increase labor productivity, which will lead to the accelerated development of productive forces and to indirectly influence the development of the "green economy" in such zones.Conclusion. An ecologically-oriented state approach to the potential reduction of environmental risk areas (which can become areas of environmental disaster) will improve the quality of natural resource potential and the state of the environment. An important direction in stimulating the introduction of environmentally friendly, low-waste technologies, production of environmentally friendly products in the creation and operation of the ZRZE is the formation of contractual relations in the area of pricing between the state, the management bodies of ZRZE and entrepreneurs of any form of ownership.

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POTAPOVA, Nadiya. "FORECASTING THE DYNAMICS OF CURRENT LOGISTICS MATERIAL COSTS OF AGRICULTURE IN UKRAINE." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 4 (44) (April 2019): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-4-5.

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The problems of forecasting current logistical material costs of agriculture of Ukraine are investigated. Accordingly, the effectiveness of logistics at enterprises of different ownership is defined by the synergistic components that result from the combination of processes of supply, production and marketing in a single chain of management. This process is reflected in changes in inventory characteristics, order maintenance, operating cycle duration, and more. Logistic approach in management is connected first of all with elements of optimization of total costs, the size of which influences the end result of activity of the enterprise. The features of classification of logistics costs and their compliance with accounting are established, on the basis of which their place is formed when evaluating the efficiency of the logistics system. Logistics costs are an integral part of the total operating costs and can be allocated to the elements of logistics processes. The lack of a unified approach to the classification and components of logistics costs, as well as their role in assessing the effectiveness of logistics systems, necessitates research. Cost management is a key issue in terms of enterprise performance. It is in this part that decision-making on cost formation, planning and forecasting for the near term, as well as control and monitoring functions is envisaged. One of the main components of current logistical expenditures of agricultural enterprises is the material cost, which substantiates the need for their forecasting when planning the logistic activity indicators. The concept of generating logistics costs is based on the concept of total costs, which highlights the relationship between individual types of costs and the possibility of their regrouping with respect to logistics operations, with the aim of obtaining a final reduction in costs throughout the logistics chain. The logistics chain is designed within the framework of the enterprise budgeting model with the allocation of cost centers in relation to the centers of logistic functions of the enterprise and the classifier of management logistics costs. Adjustments for deviations will occur through adjustments to management reporting. The consistency of logistical expenditures with the classification of accounting processes under the current legislation of Ukraine can be divided into capital and current logistics costs. Trends in changes in current logistical material costs are investigated with the help of time trends both in the aggregate of agricultural enterprises and in the context of the activities of crop and animal husbandry. The estimation of changes in the trends of economic factors can be carried out on the basis of forecasting models obtained using the appropriate economic and mathematical methods using the least squares method. In accordance with the chosen methodology, on the basis of a retrospective series of data of current logistical material expenditures in the agriculture of Ukraine for the period 2008 - 2017, a general type of forecast equation corresponding to the exponential function was obtained. Based on the approximated exponential growth function of current logistical costs, a five-year forecast is determined. According to the calculations, the lower and upper bounds of the projected growth of logistical expenditures at the agricultural level with a confidence probability of 0.95 for the period 2008 - 2022 is from 0.17% to 0.21%. The results of the calculations of the estimated values of current logistical material costs in crop production in Ukraine for 2008 - 2022 showed that the expected amount of current logistical material costs for the period 2018 - 2020 fluctuates in the range from 187130,0 to 427653,2 million UAH. The results of calculations of the estimated values of current logistical material costs in animal husbandry of Ukraine for 2008 - 2022 confirmed that their expected size for the period 2018 - 2020 fluctuates from UAH 76132,0 to UAH 154786,5 million. The increase in current logistical material costs in Ukrainian agriculture is confirmed by the analysis of changes in the initial and last levels of dynamics. According to the calculations of the comparative characteristics of the growth rates of current logistical material expenditures in the agriculture of Ukraine, it was determined that the average growth amounted to UAH 20269.4 million. (121.3% growth). At the same time, fluctuations around the average expected level of expenditures amounted to 56.5%, which indicates a significant increased risk of incurred expenses. According to estimates, in the period from 2018 to 2022, fluctuations around the average expected level of expenditures will be 27.6%. The average increase will be UAH 79130.9 million. The average growth of current logistical material expenditures in the crop production of Ukraine in the period from 2008 to 2017 amounted to UAH 12920.3 million. (120.9% growth). The fluctuations around the average expected level of expenditures were 57.1%. The average increase in current logistical material costs in animal husbandry in the period 2008 - 2017 amounted to UAH 7349.1 million. (121.9% growth). The fluctuations around the average expected level of expenditures were 57.5%. The prediction model was estimated on the basis of hypothesis validation using the Student's t-test and Fisher's F-test. According to her, the hypotheses about the adequacy of the models constructed by t

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Chumak, Oksana. "ARCHITECTONICS OF POLICY OF CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE." Scientific Journal of Yuriy Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University. Economics, no. 809 (November 27, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/ecovis/2019-809-8.

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The purpose of the article is to substantiate the concept of building the policy of the crisis management of state-owned enterprises in modern development conditions according of reform vector. Research methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the study of the fundamental provisions of the formation of an anti-crisis management policy of an enterprise. To achieve this goal, a system of general scientific and special methods was used, namely: methods of logical generalization and comparison for the formation of the architectonics of the crisis management policy of a state enterprise with an emphasis on the preventive stage of its implementation; methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization - to study the content of policy components and scorecards; abstract method - for the formulation of research findings. The results of the study. Reasonably conceptual approach to building a crisis management policy at a state enterprise. Clarified the definition of the concept of crisis management. The prerequisites that cause crisis phenomena are systematized: a state of imbalance in economic activity, bifurcation points and information asymmetry. Recommended architectonics of crisis management policy of a state-owned enterprise with an emphasis on the preventive stage of its implementation. The main components of the proposed policy are characterized. Justified necessity of monitoring and controlling the calculation of indicators of economic activity in the following areas: finance, economic efficiency, non-financial indicators and immeasurable factors that contribute to unstable conditions of the enterprise. To overcome crisis, policy provides for second stage, which has a comprehensive approach to overcoming crisis (macroeconomic and microeconomic). The scientific novelty consists in substantiating concept of building policy of crisis management of state enterprise in crisis situation, which provides permanent monitoring of indicators of economic activity and timely identification of crisis conditions. The practical significance of results. The current policy of crisis management at a state-owned enterprise will allow analyzing the results of economic activities to prevent occurrence of crisis conditions and their management, if any. The effect will be the possibility of periodically calculating the overall efficiency of economic and financial activities in accordance with the strategic goal, business conditions and state economic policy.

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Shikovets, Catherine, Halyna Kvita, and Yan Yeremenko. "SYSTEM-SITUATIONAL MODELINGOBJECTIVES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Market Infrastructure, no. 62 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/infrastruct62-18.

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The article considers the concept of sustainable development and its components: economic, social and environmental in terms of a systematic approach. Sustainable development is a system-driven development and its manageability is based on a systematic approach and modern information technology. It is proposed to apply the "Cybernetic concept of management of marginal resources and states of the object of development (CURSOR +)" to model the state of sustainable development. The integrated model of the concept of sustainable development and system-situational model of development allowed to describe the components of the system-situational model of development, determine the current, target and forecast states of sustainable development and explore the stages of achieving one of the goals of sustainable development. It is presented in the form of six tasks:: to ensure sustainable GDP growth through modernization of production, development of innovations, increase of export potential, introduction to foreign markets of products with a high share of added value; increasing the efficiency of production on the basis of sustainable development and the development of high-tech competitive production; increasing the level of employment; reducing the share of young people who do not work, study or acquire professional skills; ensuring reliable and safe working conditions for all workers, in particular through the use of innovative technologies in the field of labor protection and industrial safety; creation of institutional and financial opportunities for self-realization of the potential of the economically active part of the population and development of the creative economy. The method of exponential smoothing was used to predict the quantitative indicators of the goal of sustainable development "Decent Work and Economic Growth". This method uses weighted flow averaging of all past observational data. The purpose of this approach is to assess the current situation, the results of which determine all subsequent forecasts. The social component of sustainable development, focused on people and aimed at maintaining the stability of social and cultural systems.

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23

Kolodiychyk, Volodymyr, and Zoriana Krypka. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF LOGISTICS NETWORK." Herald UNU. International Economic Relations And World Economy, no. 36 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2413-9971/2021-36-15.

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The article is devoted to study and development of a formalized model of organizational and economic conditions to ensure effective management of logistics functions. The author determined that logistics functions are realized through the prism of logistics operations, which are divided into external and internal. It is noted that internal logistics operations are carried out under the influence of internal organizational and economic conditions (efficiency of customs in documentation, trade and transport infrastructure, ease of organization of international shipments, competence and quality of logistics services, the ability to track goods, the frequency with which goods arrive at recipients). scheduled or expected delivery time). The application of the logistics approach involves the creation of appropriate organizational conditions. The concept of logistics is a system of approaches to streamlining economic activity by optimizing flow processes. It is defined by managers as an effective motivational approach to management in order to reduce production costs. This concept becomes the basis of the company's economic strategy: logistics is used as a tool of competition and is seen as management logic for the implementation of the plan, distribution and control of financial and human resources. This approach ensures close coordination of logistics and production strategy. Effective management of logistics functions includes the flow of goods and services. It covers an ordered sequence of steps from the procurement of raw materials to the finished product, so that it provides value to the customer. Logistics management allows you to establish strong communications and supplier relationships, helping to avoid shipment delays and minimize logistical errors. Efficient logistics provides the best bargaining power to get the best prices and goods in the shortest possible time. During the production processes and execution of orders, logistics managers need to ensure the efficiency of material flow. Optimizing the flow of goods allows you to reduce the delay of goods in the warehouse, minimize transportation costs and ensure the preservation of stocks. By balancing capital investment, maintaining the required level of service and taking into account the variability of supply and demand, companies can significantly improve inventory turnover, service level and significantly reduce costs.

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24

Fedotova, Yuliia. "ESSENCE AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF THE ENTERPRISE." Scientific opinion: Economics and Management, no. 4(74) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32836/2521-666x/2021-74-7.

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Today, there is an objective need to study foreign economic activity in terms of developing methodological approaches to assessing its effectiveness, especially export-import operations, which are its basis. The existing system of traditional indicators of economic analysis, the basis for calculating, which is the financial statements of the enterprise, gives an incomplete understanding of the activities of the enterprise to increase the efficiency of management. The first step in analyzing the problem of the study is to consider the economic category "export potential". Historically, the first is the resource concept of potential formation, originating from macroeconomic theory, which focuses on the transformation of resources within the economic system. The next step is an effective concept. The concept of the export potential of the enterprise is quite complex, since it combines the interpretation of such economic categories as «competitive potential», «production potential», «potential of export activity», as well as «financial potential». In its study, it will be necessary to proceed from the fact that the export potential of the enterprise is a set of available resources and opportunities to produce competitive products, its implementation and maintenance and foreign markets both in the short and long term. These factors have a significant impact on the competitiveness of the enterprise, its ability to produce goods in specified volumes. To assess the export potential, methods of sum of all warehouses of exports of the enterprise and the "system of eight indicators" were proposed, including: efficiency of export products production, share of profit from export of products in the total volume of profits of the enterprise, profitability of export sales, share of exports in the total volume of sales of the enterprise' products, competitiveness of the manufacturer, share of products certified according to international standards, share of innovations products, the share of products sent to foreign countries. According to the first approach, quantitative assessment of export potential (EP) is defined as the sum of all ingredients of the company's exports in value terms.

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25

Fedulova, Svitlana, Volodymyr Dubnytskyi, Nataliia Naumenko, Vitalina Komirna, Iryna Melnikova, and Batyrhan Agabekov. "Effective economic growth under conditions of regional water management dependence." Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal, March 20, 2021, 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/are.2021.07.01.02.

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Purpose. The purpose of the article is an identifying the impact of regional water management dependence on economic growth in the region. Methodology / approach. The subject of the study is theoretical and methodological basics of a new scientific paradigm for regulation the development of the regional socio-economic systems under the conditions of limited water resources. The study used traditional and special research methods, including: historical and logical – to analyze the evolution of regional socio-economic systems under conditions of limited water resources; abstractions and analogies – to reveal the essence of water-efficient regional socio-economic systems in the modern processes of regionalization and globalization; theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis – to specify the categorical apparatus; statistical analysis to assess the level of needs of regional socio-economic systems in water resources and create an index of regional water management dependence; method of correlation analysis (biserial correlation, using a point biserial Pearson’s correlation coefficient). Results. The main idea of the paper is to study the issues of development of regional socio-economic systems under the conditions of limited water resources. Considering this, the paper is aimed at studying the impact of regional water management dependence on economic growth in the region. The tasks for development of regional socio-economic systems on the basis of water efficiency are defined, as well as the concept “water-efficient regional socio-economic system” is defined. The study presents a hypothesis about the need to change the paradigm of regulation of regional development on the basis of water use efficiency and regional water management dependence. In order to trade effectively with the main crops, it is necessary to determine whether there are sufficient water supplies in a given country and its regions. For this purpose, the authors proposes to use own indicator, such as the index of regional water management dependence. Thе characteristic of water management dependence is given, from regions where only up to half of the water supply of the territory is used, and to regions where more than 100 % of the water supply of the territory is used. The research has updated that the expansion of knowledge and understanding of the specifics of the water sector can solve significant problems. It is proved that the economic growth of the Ukrainian economy due to the agricultural sector has its limits and is limited by the water management dependence of the territories, ie the limitation of certain territories of the regions of Ukraine in terms of water resources. The next effective economic growth is possible only through the implementation of water-efficient technologies and intensification of water-efficient activities in the region. Originality / scientific novelty. The study for the first time defines the concept of water-efficient regional socio-economic system, so it is a socio-economic system that provides for the restoration of water resources in the region, reducing the water intensity of gross regional product (GRP) and approaching European norms and proposes the classification of regions according to the index of regional water management dependence on the basis of its threshold values. A scientific and methodological approach to assessing the level of needs of regional socio-economic systems in water resources has been improved, based on the application of the index of regional water management dependence, which is proposed to calculate the ratio of total fresh water use in the region to the volume of available river runoff in the region (parts of the water potential). The classification of regional socio-economic systems according to the level of water supply has been improved, which is based on the definition of threshold values of the index of regional water management dependence. The methodological bases for assessing the impact of the spatial economy on regional development under conditions of limited water resources have been improved, which differ in substantiating the dependence of the level of development of regions on the available water potential of the territory. Practical value / implications. The results of the study allow a more comprehensive approach to the study of the problem of using water resources in Ukraine in the context of their limitation. The results of the study showed that the economic complex in most regions is water-intensive and unbalanced, as well as does not provide restoration of water resources by environmental parameters and requires the implementation of infrastructure schemes for redistribution of water resources between regions for economic activity. The results are recommended for consideration by local governments and regional administration for the development and implementation of “Regional programs for the development of water management in the region” and for the development of “Strategies for regional development until 2025–2027”.

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26

Yudina, Svetlana, Vasily Galaganov, and Oksana Mazhara. "METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF THE MECHANISM OF ENSURING COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE ON THE BASIS OF POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT OF INVESTMENT." Eastern Europe: economy, business and management, no. 5(32) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/easterneurope.32-19.

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Based on the conditions of operation of enterprises in Ukraine, the relevance of the study of new methodological approaches to increasing competitiveness, which will be able to provide a higher level and contribute to the integrated development of domestic enterprises. Based on the literature, two approaches to understanding the concept of competitiveness are identified. Using a systematic approach, competitiveness is defined as a property of the production and economic system (enterprise) to change the trajectory of development or a certain mode of operation in the process of adaptation to environmental influences in order to preserve and develop existing or create new competitive advantages. The factors of competitiveness of the enterprise based on certain classification features are given. Such features include: place of origin, area of origin, nature of the factor, the degree of interdependence, the degree of usefulness, the role in ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise, economic reliability and potential competitiveness. It is noted that ensuring the competitive advantages of enterprises must produce innovative products (goods), provide innovative services. It is noted that an important condition for ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises and the country is the formation and implementation of the National Innovation System of Ukraine. A methodical approach to assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise is proposed, which is based on the use of six parameters, namely: financial stability, liquidity, business activity, management efficiency, profitability, sales and ranking of enterprises studied in the matrix. It is noted that using this methodological approach it is possible to determine the most competitive enterprise in comparison with other researched enterprises. It is noted that such a methodological approach can be useful for investors who choose the company to invest and other stakeholders. It is noted that the practice of using the proposed methodological approach to assessing the competitiveness of enterprises has confirmed the correctness of the obtained values and gives almost identical results. Therefore, it was concluded that the proposed method adequately reflects the real ratio of competitiveness of enterprises. It is noted that when assessing the investment (innovation) potential of the enterprise it is necessary to distinguish between its actual level and prospects.

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27

Tomashuk, Inna, and Vasyl Baldynyuk. "USE OF LAND RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF RURAL TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION CHANGES." Market Infrastructure, no. 54 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32843/infrastruct54-10.

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The current needs in the regulation of land relations, which are due to a qualitatively new approach to the development of land use potential, land use, ownership and disposal and the conditions under which the free land market in Ukraine should be formed. The concept of transformation is considered, which means the process of replacing the features of one economic order with similar features of another order, resulting in the transformation of the economic system as a whole. The main problems of land management in rural areas of Ukraine, which provide for the revival of rural areas by optimizing their territorial organization, creating conditions for balanced use of nature and protection of natural resources, improving social conditions and living infrastructure of rural residents, improving the demographic situation in rural areas. It is emphasized that to date in Ukraine no land is classified according to suitability on the basis of taking into account (balancing) environmental opportunities and economic feasibility. It is indicated that the priority in the implementation of land policy is the development of the necessary land management and urban planning documentation, land inventory, topographic and geodetic works, land valuation, land management schemes and feasibility study of land use and protection of administrative-territorial entities, development of working projects reclamation of disturbed lands, protection of lands from erosion, flooding and other dangerous geological processes. The components of the formation of information and analytical support for monitoring the use of land resources of the united territorial communities of Ukraine are proposed. It is concluded that the functioning of the land market in Ukraine should be based on social justice, public, public and private interests, legality, efficiency, transparency, openness, ensuring the balanced development of settlements and other areas, protection and rational use of land resources potential and other natural resources. At the same time, the main generator of sustainable development of rural areas, its economic «engine» should be economic activity in rural areas, rational use of land and resource potential, focused on the multifaceted functioning of the rural economy.

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"THE VALUE OF AN ENTERPRISE AND FORMATION OF REQUIREMENTS TO THE SYSTEM OF ITS ASSESSMENT INDICATORS." Social Economics, no. 58 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2524-2547-2019-58-02.

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In modern conditions there is a strong need for theoretical and methodological generalizations and development, as well as practical recommendations, which would be aimed at building an effective mechanism for assessing the value of an enterprise in rapidly changing economic conditions. This study focuses on the part of this problem, especially the identification of the requirements to be met by the indicators used for such an assessment. In addition, in order to avoid unilateralism, the main approaches to determining the value of an enterprise are considered and its types are defined in the article. In our work, we rely on the concept of «enterprise value» in its broad sense. Value is a characteristic of production process encapsulated in economic well-being, which expresses its internal potential ability to bring effect that exceeds not only the cost of creating this benefit, but also its opportunity value, i.e. the benefit of lost opportunities as a result of investing resources in production of this benefit. The value becomes socially recognized if it allows the resource owner to have this effect in the form of accumulated economic added value based on economic profit. However, no matter what approach is used, the value of the assessment will depend on the right indicators that allow to make an analysis and to provide objective results. The main features of the system of indicators for assessing the value of an enterprise are: adequacy, accuracy, objectivity, trustworthiness, unambiguity, profitability, value, compatibility, timeliness and regularity, defining cause-and-effect links and indicators of assessment and evaluation of business opportunities. Taking into account the above-mentioned, the following conclusions are made: the choice of indicators for value assessing is individual in nature, as there are specific characteristics of appraisal objects and current and strategic objectives of the appraisal; to form a system for assessing the value of a particular joint-stock company, it is necessary to take into account the development or absence of market institutions, environment, factors of their stability, level of business capitalization, degree of control, etc.; usage (application) of a balanced system of assessment indicators should be the basis for making managerial decisions. The perspective for further research in this area needs to be guided in the development of tools for assessing the value of enterprises, as well as improving the integrated assessment of financial and economic conditions and efficiency of enterprise management, based on the highlighting of the most influential indicators of financial, property and management nature taking into account the specificity of an entity activity.

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Mussinelli, Elena. "Editorial." TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, July 29, 2021, 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/techne-11533.

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Every crisis at the same time reveals, forewarns and implies changes with cyclical trends that can be analyzed from different disciplinary perspectives, building scenarios to anticipate the future, despite uncertainties and risks. And the current crisis certainly appears as one of the most problematic of the modern era: recently, Luigi Ferrara, Director of the School of Design at the George Brown College in Toronto and of the connected Institute without Boundaries, highlighted how the pandemic has simply accelerated undergoing dynamics, exacerbating other crises – climatic, environmental, social, economic – which had already been going on for a long time both locally and globally. In the most economically developed contexts, from North America to Europe, the Covid emergency has led, for example, to the closure of almost 30% of the retail trade, as well as to the disposal and sale of many churches. Places of care and assistance, such as hospitals and elderly houses, have become places of death and isolation for over a year, or have been closed. At the same time, the pandemic has imposed the revolution of the remote working and education, which was heralded – without much success – more than twenty years ago. In these even contradictory dynamics, Ferrara sees many possibilities: new roles for stronger and more capable public institutions as well as the opportunity to rethink and redesign the built environment and the landscape. Last but not least, against a future that could be configured as dystopian, a unique chance to enable forms of citizenship and communities capable of inhabiting more sustainable, intelligent and ethical cities and territories; and architects capable of designing them. This multifactorial and pervasive crisis seems therefore to impose a deep review of the current unequal development models, in the perspective of that “creative destruction” that Schumpeter placed at the basis of the dynamic entrepreneurial push: «To produce means to combine materials and forces within our reach. To produce other things, or the same things by a different method, means to combine these materials and forces differently» (Schumpeter, 1912). A concept well suiting to the design practice as a response to social needs and improving the living conditions. This is the perspective of Architectural Technology, in its various forms, which has always placed the experimental method at the center of its action. As Eduardo Vittoria already pointed out: «The specific contribution of the technological project to the development of an industrial culture is aimed at balancing the emotional-aesthetic data of the design with the technical-productive data of the industry. Design becomes a place of convergence of ideas and skills related to factuality, based on a multidisciplinary intelligence» (Vittoria, 1999). A lucid and appropriate critique of the many formalistic emphases that have invested contemporary architecture. In the most acute phases of the pandemic, the radical nature of this polycrisis has been repeatedly invoked as a lever for an equally radical modification of the development models, for the definitive defeat of conjunctural and emergency modes of action. With particular reference to the Italian context, however, it seems improper to talk about a “change of models” – whether economic, social, productive or programming, rather than technological innovation – since in the national reality the models and reference systems prove to not to be actually structured. The current socio-economic and productive framework, and the political and planning actions themselves, are rather a variegated and disordered set of consolidated practices, habits often distorted when not deleterious, that correspond to stratified regulatory apparatuses, which are inconsistent and often ineffective. It is even more difficult to talk about programmatic rationality models in the specific sector of construction and built environment transformation, where the enunciation of objectives and the prospection of planning actions rarely achieve adequate projects and certain implementation processes, verified for the consistency of the results obtained and monitored for the ability in maintaining the required performance over time. Rather than “changing the model”, in the Italian case, we should therefore talk about giving shape and implementation to an organic and rational system of multilevel and inter-sectorial governance models, which assumes the principles of subsidiarity, administrative decentralization, inter-institutional and public-private cooperation. But, even in the current situation, with the pandemic not yet over, we are already experiencing a sort of “return to order”: after having envisaged radical changes – new urban models environmentally and climatically more sustainable, residential systems and public spaces more responsive to the pressing needs of social demand, priority actions to redevelop the suburbs and to strength infrastructures and ecosystem services, new advanced forms of decision-making decentralization for the co-planning of urban and territorial transformations, and so on – everything seems to has been reset to zero. This is evident from the list of actions and projects proposed by the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), where no clear national strategy for green transition emerges, even though it is repeatedly mentioned. As highlighted by the Coordination of Technical-Scientific Associations for the Environment and Landscape1, and as required by EU guidelines2, this transition requires a paradigm shift that assumes eco-sustainability as a transversal guideline for all actions. With the primary objective of protecting ecosystem balances, improving and enhancing the natural and landscape capital, as well as protecting citizen health and well-being from environmental risks and from those generated by improper anthropization phenomena. The contents of the Plan explicitly emphases the need to «repair the economic and social damage of the pandemic crisis» and to «contribute to addressing the structural weaknesses of the Italian economy», two certainly relevant objectives, the pursuit of which, however, could paradoxically contrast precisely with the transition to a more sustainable development. In the Plan, the green revolution and the ecological transition are resolved in a dedicated axis (waste management, hydrogen, energy efficiency of buildings, without however specific reform guidelines of the broader “energy” sector), while «only one of the projects of the Plan regards directly the theme Biodiversity / Ecosystem / Landscape, and in a completely marginal way» (CATAP, 2021). Actions are also limited for assessing the environmental sustainability of the interventions, except the provision of an ad hoc Commission for the streamlining of some procedural steps and a generic indication of compliance with the DNSH-Do not significant Harm criterion (do not cause any significant damage), without specific guidelines on the evaluation methods. Moreover, little or nothing in the Plan refers on actions and investments in urban renewal, abandoned heritage recovery3, of in protecting and enhancing areas characterized by environmental sensitivity/fragility; situations widely present on the national territory, which are instead the first resource for a structural environmental transition. Finally yet importantly, the well-known inability to manage expenditure and the public administration inefficiencies must be considered: a limit not only to the effective implementation of projects, but also to the control of the relationship between time, costs and quality (also environmental) of the interventions. In many places, the Plan has been talked about as an opportunity for a real “reconstruction”, similar to that of post-war Italy; forgetting that the socio-economic renaissance was driven by the INA-Casa Plan4, but also by a considerable robustness of the cultural approach in the research and experimentation of new housing models (Schiaffonati, 2014)5. A possible “model”, which – appropriately updated in socio-technical and environmental terms – could be a reference for an incisive governmental action aiming at answering to a question – the one of the housing – far from being resolved and still a priority, if not an emergency. The crisis also implies the deployment of new skills, with a review of outdated disciplinary approaches, abandoning all corporate resistances and subcultures that have long prevented the change. A particularly deep fracture in our country, which has implications in research, education and professions, dramatically evident in the disciplines of architectural and urban design. Coherently with the EU Strategic Agenda 2019-2024 and the European Pillar of Social Rights, the action plan presented by the Commission in March 2021, with the commitment of the Declaration of Porto on May 7, sets three main objectives for 2030: an employment rate higher than 78%, the participation of more than 60% of adults in training courses every year and at least 15 million fewer people at risk of social exclusion or poverty6. Education, training and retraining, lifelong learning and employment-oriented skills, placed at the center of EU policy action, now require large investments, to stimulate employment transitions towards the emerging sectors of green, circular and digital economies (environmental design and assessment, risk assessment & management, safety, durability and maintainability, design and management of the life cycle of plans, projects, building systems and components: contents that are completely marginal or absent in the current training offer of Architecture). Departments and PhDs in the Technological Area have actively worked with considerable effectiveness in this field. In these regards, we have to recall the role played by Romano Del Nord «protagonist for commitment and clarity in identifying fundamental strategic lines for the cultural and professional training of architects, in the face of unprecedented changes of the environmental and production context» (Schiaffonati, 2021). Today, on the other hand, the axis of permanent and technical training is almost forgotten by ministerial and university policies for the reorganization of teaching systems, with a lack of strategic visions for bridging the deficit of skills that characterizes the area of architecture on the facing environmental and socio-economic challenges. Also and precisely in the dual perspective of greater interaction with the research systems and with the world of companies and institutions, and of that trans- and multi-disciplinary dimension of knowledge, methods and techniques necessary for the ecological transition of settlement systems and construction sector. Due to the high awareness of the Technological Area about the multifactorial and multi-scale dimension of the crises that recurrently affect our territories, SITdA has been configured since its foundation as a place for scientific and cultural debate on the research and training themes. With a critical approach to the consoling academic attitude looking for a “specific disciplinary” external and extraneous to the social production of goods and services. Finalizing the action of our community to «activate relationships between universities, professions, institutions through the promotion of the technological culture of architecture [...], to offer scientific-cultural resources for the training and qualification of young researchers [...], in collaboration with the national education system in order to advance training in the areas of technology and innovation in architecture» (SITdA Statute, 2007). Goals and topics which seem to be current, which Techne intends to resume and develop in the next issues, and already widely present in this n. 22 dedicated to the Circular Economy. A theme that, as emerges from the contributions, permeates the entire field of action of the project: housing, services, public space, suburbs, infrastructures, production, buildings. All contexts in which technological innovation invests both processes and products: artificial intelligence, robotics and automation, internet of things, 3D printing, sensors, nano and biotechnology, biomaterials, biogenetics and neuroscience feed advanced experiments that cross-fertilize different contributions towards common objectives of circularity and sustainability. In this context, the issue of waste, the superfluous, abandonment and waste, emerge, raising the question of re-purpose: an action that crosses a large panel of cases, due to the presence of a vast heritage of resources – materials, artefacts, spaces and entire territories – to be recovered and re-functionalized, transforming, adapting, reusing, reconverting, reactivating the existing for new purposes and uses, or adapting it to new and changing needs. Therefore, by adopting strategies and techniques of reconversion and reuse, of re-manufacturing and recycling of construction and demolition waste, of design for disassembly that operate along even unprecedented supply chains and which are accompanied by actions to extend the useful life cycle of materials , components and building systems, as well as product service logic also extended to durable goods such as the housing. These are complex perspectives but considerably interesting, feasible through the activation of adequate and updated skills systems, for a necessary and possible future, precisely starting from the ability – as designers, researchers and teachers in the area of Architectural Technology – to read the space and conceive a project within a system of rationalities, albeit limited, but substantially founded, which qualify the interventions through approaches validated in research and experimental verification. Contrarily to any ineffective academicism, which corresponds in fact to a condition of subordination caused by the hegemonic dynamics at the base of the crisis itself, but also by a loss of authority that derives from the inadequate preparation of the architects. An expropriation that legitimizes the worst ignorance in the government of the territories, cities and artifacts. Education in Architecture, strictly connected to the research from which contents and methods derive, has its central pivot in the project didactic: activity by its nature of a practical and experimental type, applied to specific places and contexts, concrete and material, and characterized by considerable complexity, due to the multiplicity of factors involved. This is what differentiates the construction sector, delegated to territorial and urban transformations, from any other sector. A sector that borrows its knowledge from other production processes, importing technologies and materials. With a complex integration of which the project is charged, for the realization of the buildings, along a succession of phases for corresponding to multiple regulatory and procedural constraints. The knowledge and rationalization of these processes are the basis of the evolution of the design and construction production approaches, as well as merely intuitive logics. These aspects were the subject of in-depth study at the SITdA National Conference on “Producing Project” (Reggio Calabria, 2018), and relaunched in a new perspective by the International Conference “The project in the digital age. Technology, Nature, Culture” scheduled in Naples on the 1st-2nd of July 2021. A reflection that Techne intends to further develop through the sharing of knowledge and scientific debate, selecting topics of great importance, to give voice to a new phase and recalling the practice of design research, in connection with the production context, institutions and social demand. “Inside the Polycrisis. The possible necessary” is the theme of the call we launched for n. 23, to plan the future despite the uncertainties and risks, foreshadowing strategies that support a unavoidable change, also by operating within the dynamics that, for better or for worse, will be triggered by the significant resources committed to the implementation of the Recovery Plan. To envisage systematic actions based on the centrality of a rational programming, of environmentally appropriate design at the architectural, urban and territorial scales, and of a continuous monitoring of the implementation processes. With the commitment also to promote, after each release, a public moment of reflection and critical assessment on the research progresses. NOTES 1 “Osservazioni del Coordinamento delle Associazioni Tecnico-scientifiche per l’Ambiente e il Paesaggio al PNRR”, 2021. 2 EU Guidelines, SWD-2021-12 final, 21.1.2021. 3 For instance, we can consider the 7,000 km of dismissed railways, with related buildings and areas. 4 The two seven-year activities of the Plan (1949-1963) promoted by Amintore Fanfani, Minister of Labor and Social Security at the time, represented both an employment and a social maneuver, which left us the important legacy of neighborhoods that still today they have their own precise identity, testimony of the architectural culture of the Italian twentieth century. But also a «grandiose machine for the housing» (Samonà, 1949), based on a clear institutional and organizational reorganization, with the establishment of a single body (articulated in the plan implementation committee, led by Filiberto Guala, with regulatory functions of disbursement of funds, assignment of tasks and supervision, and in the INA-Casa Management directed by the architect Arnaldo Foschini, then dean of the Faculty of Architecture), which led to the construction of two million rooms for over 350,000 families. See Di Biagi F. (2013), Il Contributo italiano alla storia del Pensiero – Tecnica, Enciclopedia Treccani. 5 From Quaderni of the Centro Studi INA-Casa, to Gescal and in the Eighties to the activity of CER. Complex theme investigated by Fabrizio Schiaffonati in Il progetto della residenza sociale, edited by Raffaella Riva. 6 Ferruccio De Bortoli underlines in Corriere della Sera of 15 May 2021: «The revolution of lifelong learning (which) is no less important for Brussels than the digital or green one. By 2030, at least 60 per cent of the active population will have to participate in training courses every year. It will be said: but 2030 is far away. There’s time. No, because most people have escaped that to achieve this goal, by 2025 – that is, in less than four years – 120 million Europeans will ideally return to school. A kind of great educational vaccination campaign. Day after tomorrow».

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Borshchuk, Ye, O. Ginda, and O. Korenovskyy. "System analysis of processes of formation of “green economy” in modern conditions." Efficiency of public administration, no. 66 (June 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33990/2070-4011.66.2021.233481.

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Problem setting. Modern economic systems in the process of their operation create certain negative consequences: environmental problems (climate change, desertification, loss of biodiversity), depletion of natural capital, large-scale poverty, social injustice, which threatens the socioeconomic development of present and future generations.The paper substantiates the position that one of the ways to ensure the solution of the problems of civilization development is the formation of a system of “green economy”, which helps to reduce risks to the environment and largely solves the problem of resource conservation.The transition to a green economy is due to the global consequences of climate change, irrational use of natural resources, exacerbation of social inequality.The analysis of modern tendencies of civilizational development testifies to the instability of modern models of economic development both at the regional and global levels. A common disadvantage of these models is the absolutization of economic growth in conditions of neglect of social and environmental problems. A number of global problems of socio-economic development at the present stage have been identified: climate change, depletion of limited natural resources and climate change due to the accelerated growth of the world’s population, which is accompanied by negative effects on the environment.Recent research and publications analysis. The problems of forming the foundations of the green economy are in the center of attention of leading domestic and foreign scientists and authoritative international organizations, within which a number of important policy documents aimed at developing and implementing theoretical and applied foundations of the green economy in the context of achieving sustainable development.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Despite the fact that the problem of forming the foundations of the green economy is constantly in the spotlight, it should be noted the lack of tools for systems analysis in the development of scientific approaches to developing conceptual foundations of the green economy. The purpose of the article is a systematic analysis of the foundations of the green economy and the peculiarities of its functioning in modern conditions.Paper main body. A systematic analysis of the theoretical and applied principles of formation of the main principles of the green economy is performed. It is proved that the formation of a green economy and the transition to the principles of sustainable economic development are priorities at the global, national, regional and local levels. The functioning of the green economy is based on the use of such sources of economic growth, which, while reducing the anthropogenic pressure on nature, ensure sustainable development.Based on a systematic approach to the analysis of the essence of the green economy and the concept of sustainable development, it is proved that the concept of “green economy” replaces the concept of sustainable development – sustainable development is a broader concept and “green economy” can be interpreted as a tool for sustainable development. Summarizing the approaches of domestic and foreign scientists, it is proposed to interpret the green economy as an economic activity that operates on the basis of the unity of natural and social systems, which contributes to improving people’s living standards in the long run and without harming the environment. Based on the use of system analysis tools, it is established that the “green economy” is a means of sustainable development, and its formation necessitates a revision of living standards in order to preserve the natural environment, improve resource efficiency, environmentally oriented activities and restructuring the economy, increasing the share of “green” sectors and reducing the “brown”.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Using the results of research by leading scientists, the basic principles of the “green economy” are identified, which determine its features in comparison with the classical market economy: internalization, cost-effectiveness, property rights, sustainability, openness to consumers. The transition to a green economy should stimulate the creation of a favorable competitive environment, as well as the development of regulatory methods, including the implementation of relevant standards and regulations. The main task of the “green economy”, as well as the traditional market, is the rational management, which is the allocation of limited resources to achieve sustainable development. In the future, the task of studying the relationship between the approaches of the “classical” and “green economy” to solve the problems of rationality of economic activity. The main task of the “green economy”, as well as the traditional market, should be rational management, which is the distribution of limited resources to achieve the goals – due to limited resources there is a need to choose this or that option for their use.

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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. IV. Anthony, R. E., Aster, R. C., Wiens, D., Nyblade, Andr., Anandakrishnan, Sr., Huerta, Audr., Winberry, J. P., Wilson, T., and Rowe, Ch. The Seismic Noise Environment of Antarctica. Seismological Research Letters. 2015; 86(1): 89-100. DOI: 10.1785/0220150005 V. Brincker, R., Lago, T. L., Andersen, P., and Ventura, C. Improving the Classical Geophone Sensor Element by Digital Correction. In Conference Proceedings: IMAC-XXIII: A Conference & Exposition on Structural Dynamics Society for Experimental Mechanics, 2005. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242452637_Improving_the_Classical_Geophone_Sensor_Element_by_Digital_Correction(Date of access September 2, 2019). VI. Bylaw 164 of the State Committee for Construction of the Russian Federation “On adopting amendments to SNiP 31-01-99 “Construction climatology”. URL: https://base.garant.ru/2322381/(Date of access September 2, 2019). VII. Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. URL: https://www.gubkin.ru/faculty/geology_and_geophysics/chairs_and_departments/exploration_geophysics_and_computers_systems/files/2013_SPb_Frolov.pdf. (Date of access September 2, 2019). XII. Gibbons, S. J., Asming, V., Fedorov, A., Fyen, J., Kero, J., Kozlovskaya, E., Kværna, T., Liszka, L., Näsholm, S.P., Raita, T., Roth, M., Tiira, T., Vinogradov, Yu. The European Arctic: A laboratory for seismoacoustic studies. Seism. Res. Letters. 2015; 86 (3): 917–928. XIII. GOST 8.395-80. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Reference conditions of measurements while calibrating. General requirements [Gosudarstvennayasistemaobespecheniyaedinstvaizmereniy. Normal’nyyeusloviyaizmereniypripoverke. Obshchiyetrebovaniya]. Moscow: Standartinform, 2008. URL: http://gostrf.com/normadata/1/4294821/4294821960.pdf (Date of access September 2, 2019). XIV. Guralp 6TD. Operators’ Guide. Document Number: MAN-T60-0002, Issue J: April, 2017. Guralp Systems Limited. URL: https://www.guralp.com/documents/MAN-T60-0002.pdf (Date of access September 2, 2019). XV. Inshakova, A. S., Barykina, E. S., and Kozlov, V. V. Role of silica gel in adsorption air drying [Rol’ silikagelya v adsorbtsionnoyosushkevozdukha]. AlleyaNauki (Alley of Science). 2017; 15. URL: https://www.alley- science.ru/domains_data/files/November2017/ROL%20SILIKAGELYa%20V%20ADSORBCIONNOY%20OSUShKE%20VOZDUHA.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XVI. Ioffe, D. and Pozdnyakov, P. Searching for Hidden Reserves of Modern Microchip Circuits. Part I [Poiskskrytykhrezervovsovremennykhmikroskhem. Chast’ I].Komponenty I tekhnologii (Components and Technologies). 2015; 4: 144-46. XVII. Jiang Xu, Xi Wang, Ningyi Yuan, Jianning Ding, Si Qin, Joselito M. Razal, Xuehang Wang, ShanhaiGe, Gogotsi, Yu. Extending the low temperature operational limit of Li-ion battery to −80 °C. Energy Storage Materials (IF0). Published 2019-04-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2019.04.033. XVIII. Kouznetsov, O. L., Lyasch, Y. F., Chirkin, I. A., Rizanov, E. G., LeRoy, S. D., Koligaev, S. O. Long-term monitoring of microseismic emissions: Earth tides, fracture distribution, and fluid content. SEG, APPG Interpretation. 2016: 4 (2): T191–T204. XIX. Laverov, N. P., Bogoyavlenskiy, V. I., Bogoyavlenskiy, I. V. Fundamental Aspects of Rational Management of the Petroleum and Gas Resources of the Arctic and the Russian Continental Shelf: Strategy, Prospects, and Problems [Fundamental’nyyeaspektyratsional’nogoosvoyeniyaresursovneftiigazaArktiki I shel’faRossii: strategiya, perspektivyi problem].Arktika: ekologiya I ekonomika [Arctic: Ecology and Economy]. 2016; 2 (22): 4-13. XX. Lee, P. Low Noise Amplifier Selection Guide for Optimal Noise Performance, Analog Devices, Inc., AN-940 Application Note. Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/application-notes/AN-940.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXI. Markatis, N., Polychronopoulou, K., Tselentis, Ak. Passive seismic tomography: A passive concept actively evolving. First Break. 2012; 30 (7): 83-90. XXII. Matveev, I. V. and Matveeva, N. V. Portable seismic recorder “SEISAR-5” with very low energy consumption for autonomous work in harsh climatic conditions [Portativnyyseysmicheskiyregistrator «Seysar-5» s ochen’ nizkimenergopotrebleniyemdlyaavtonomnoyraboty v slozhnykhklimatic heskikhusloviyakh]. Nauka I tekhnologicheskierazrabotki (Science and Technological Developments). 2017; 96 (3): 33-40. [Special Issue “Applied Geophysics: New Developments and Results. Part 1. Seismology and Seismic Exploration]. DOI: 10.21455/std2017.3-3. XXIII. Mishra, R. The Temperature Ratings of Electronic Parts.Electronics Cooling magazine. URL: http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2004/02/the-temperature-ratings-of-electronic-parts(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXIV. Moore, Sue E.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Van Pelt, Thomas I. The Synthesis of Arctic Research (SOAR) project. Deep-Sea Research Part II. 152: 1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.05.013. XXV. MS-SPORT Viscous Silicone Lubricant with Fluoroplastic. ToR2257-010-45540231-2003. OOO VMPAUTO, URL: https://smazka.ru/attachments/get/469/ms-sport-tds.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXVI. New Brunswick™ Premium -86 °C Freezers. Operating manual. URL: https://www.eppendorf.com/product-media/doc/en/142770_Operating-Manual/New-Brunswick_Freezers_Operating-manual-86-C-Premium-Freezers.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXVII. New seismic digitizer/recorder for passive seismic monitoring applications. LandTech Enterprises. URL: http://www.landtechsa.com/Images/Instrument/SRi32L/SRi32L.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXVIII. Parker, T., Winberry, P., Huerta, A., Bainbridge, G., Devanney, P. Direct Burial Broadband Seismic Instrumentation for Polar Environments. Nanometrics Inc. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. 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PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER." JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, no. 1 (June 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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