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Journal articles on the topic 'Concentrated solar thermal energy'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Ahmad, S. Q. S., R. J. Hand, and C. Wieckert. "Glass melting using concentrated solar thermal energy." Glass Technology: European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part A 58, no. 2 (April 11, 2017): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.13036/17533546.58.2.012.

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2

Panchenko, Vladimir. "Photovoltaic Thermal Module With Paraboloid Type Solar Concentrators." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 10, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2021040101.

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The article presents the results of the development and research of the solar photovoltaic thermal module with paraboloid type solar radiation concentrators. The structure of the solar module includes a composite concentrator, which provides uniform illumination by concentrated solar radiation on the surface of the cylindrical photovoltaic thermal photoreceiver in the form of the aluminum radiator with photovoltaic converters. When exposed in concentrated solar radiation, the electrical efficiency of specially designed matrix photovoltaic converters increases, and the heat taken by the heat carrier increases the overall efficiency of the solar module. Uniform illumination of photovoltaic converters with concentrated solar radiation provides an optimal mode of operation. The consumer can use the received electric and thermal energy in an autonomous or parallel power supply with the existing power grid.
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3

Tamaura, Yutaka. "Conversion of Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy into Chemical Energy." AMBIO 41, S2 (March 2012): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-012-0264-7.

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4

Fernández-González, Daniel, Janusz Prazuch, Íñigo Ruiz-Bustinza, Carmen González-Gasca, Juan Piñuela-Noval, and Luis Verdeja González. "Iron Metallurgy via Concentrated Solar Energy." Metals 8, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8110873.

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Environmental protection is deeply rooted in current societies. In this context, searching for new environmentally friendly energy sources is one of the objectives of industrial policies in general, and of the metallurgical industries in particular. One of these energy sources is solar energy, which offers a great potential in high temperature applications, such as those required in metallurgy processes, when properly concentrated. In this paper, we propose the utilization of concentrated solar energy in ironmaking. We have studied the utilization of concentrated solar thermal in the agglomeration of iron ore mixtures and in the obtaining of iron via reduction with carbon (and coke breeze). The results from the experiments show the typical phases of the iron ore sinters and the presence of iron through smelting reduction.
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5

Singh, Harwinder, and R. S. Mishra. "Perfortmance Evaluations of Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Technology." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 4, no. 1 (2016): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.411638.

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This review work consists of detailed description on various types of research in the field of solar thermal systems and various methods to improve the performance of the collector systems. Concentrated solar thermal systems are the highly advanced and large scale technology, which is used to generate the thermal energy and converted it in to electric energy through the application of power producing device coupled with the collector systems, therefore from the research point of view improvement in the working performance of the solar thermal system is highly important to achieve the better efficient device.
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6

Mendecka, B., L. Lombardi, and Pawel Gladysz. "Waste to energy efficiency improvements: Integration with solar thermal energy." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 37, no. 4 (March 8, 2019): 419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19833159.

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Hybridisation of waste to energy with solar facility can take competing energy technologies and make them complementary. However, realising the benefits of solar integration requires careful consideration of the technical feasibility as well as the economic and environmental benefits of a proposed system. In this work, a solar-integrated waste-to-energy plant scheme is proposed and analysed from an energy, environmental and economic point of view. The new system integrates a traditional waste-to-energy plant with a concentrated solar power plant, by superheating the steam produced by the waste-to-energy flue gas boiler in the solar facility. The original waste-to-energy plant – that is, the base case before introducing the integration with concentrated solar power – has a thermal power input of 50 MW and operates with superheated steam at 40 bar and 400 °C; net power output is 10.7 MW, and the net energy efficiency is equal to 21.65%. By combining waste-to-energy plant with the solar facility, the power plant could provide higher net efficiency (from 1.4 to 3.7 p.p. higher), lower specific CO2 emissions (from 69 to 180 kg MWh-1 lower) and lower levellised cost of electricity (from 13.4 to 42.3 EUR MWh-1 lower) comparing with the standalone waste to energy case. The study shows that: (i) in the integrated case and for the increasing steam parameters energy, economic and ecological performances are improved; (ii) increasing the solar contribution could be an efficient way to improve the process and system performances. In general, we can conclude that concentrated solar-power technology holds significant promise for extending and developing the waste to energy systems.
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7

Thirunavukkarasu, V., and M. Cheralathan. "Thermal Performance of Solar Parabolic Dish Concentrator with Hetero-Conical Cavity Receiver." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.197.

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Concentrated solar collectors have high efficiency as compared to flat plate and evacuated tube solar collectors. Cavity receivers are mainly used on the parabolic dish concentrators and tower type concentrator systems. The heat transfer surfaces of cavity receiver are composed by coiled metal tube. Heat transfer fluid flows in the internal spaces of coiled metal tube, and the external surfaces would absorb the highly concentrated solar energy. This paper explains the thermal performance of parabolic dish concentrator system with hetero-conical cavity receiver. The experimental analysis was done during the month of April 2014 on clear sunny days at Chennai [Latitude: 13.08oN, Longitude: 80.27oE] to study its thermal performance.
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8

Al-Kouz, Wael, Jamal Nayfeh, and Alberto Boretti. "Design of a parabolic trough concentrated solar power plant in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia." E3S Web of Conferences 160 (2020): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016002005.

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The paper discusses the design options for a concentrated solar power plant in Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The specific conditions, in terms of weather and sun irradiance, are considered, including sand and dust, humidity, temperature and proximity to the sea. Different real-world experiences are then considered, to understand the best design to adapt to the specific conditions. Concentrated solar power solar tower with thermal energy storage such as Crescent Dunes, or concentrated solar power solar tower without thermal energy storage but boost by natural gas combustion such as Ivanpah are disregarded for the higher costs, the performances well below the design, and the extra difficulties for the specific location such as temperatures, humidity and sand/dust that suggest the use of an enclosed trough. Concentrated solar power parabolic trough without thermal energy storage such as Genesis or Mojave, of drastically reduced cost and much better performances, do not provide however the added value of thermal energy storage and dispatchability that can make interesting Concentrated solar power vs. alternatives such as wind and solar photovoltaic. Thus, the concentrated solar power parabolic trough with thermal energy storage of Solana, of intermediate costs and best performances, albeit slightly lower than the design values, is selected. This design will have to be modified to enclosed trough and adopt a Seawater, Once-trough condenser. Being the development peculiar, a small scale pilot plant is suggested before a full-scale development.
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9

Wagner, Sharon J., and Edward S. Rubin. "Economic implications of thermal energy storage for concentrated solar thermal power." Renewable Energy 61 (January 2014): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.013.

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10

Baltes, Liana, Silvia Patachia, Ozgur Ekincioglu, Hulusi Ozkul, Catalin Croitoru, Corneliu Munteanu, Bogdan Istrate, and Mircea Tierean. "Polymer-Cement Composites Glazing by Concentrated Solar Energy." Coatings 11, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030350.

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Macro defect free (MDF) cements are polymer-cement composites characterized by high biaxial flexural strength compared to traditional concrete, having as a drawback a low water resistance. Glazing these composite materials with an inorganic enamel containing TiO2 nano-particles has led to a high water-stable material with advanced photocatalytic properties. Classic glazing by thermal treatment of samples, at 1050 °C, requires energy consumption and long-time performing. The purpose of this paper is to test the use of solar radiation as a source of energy in the glazing process. A vertical axis solar furnace has been used, from PROMES-CNRS Solar Laboratory, Font-Romeu Odeillo, France, and it has been observed that a uniform appearance of the glaze coating has been achieved; it shows high scratch resistance, meaning a good hardness and adhesion to the substrate. The obtained film was also characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD, aiming to evidence the coat morphology, the TiO2 distribution and its crystallinity alteration, when compared to the samples obtained by classic thermal treatment. The conclusion of the paper is that using solar radiation in the MDF cement glazing process is a promising approach for obtaining multifunctional materials.
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11

Jeyashree, Y., Y. Sukhi, A. Vimala Juliet, S. Lourdu Jame, and S. Indirani. "Concentrated solar thermal energy harvesting using Bi2Te3based thermoelectric generator." Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 107 (March 2020): 104782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2019.104782.

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12

Pelay, Ugo, Lingai Luo, Yilin Fan, Driss Stitou, and Mark Rood. "Thermal energy storage systems for concentrated solar power plants." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79 (November 2017): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.139.

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13

Tzouganatos, N., R. Matter, C. Wieckert, J. Antrekowitsch, M. Gamroth, and A. Steinfeld. "Thermal Recycling of Waelz Oxide Using Concentrated Solar Energy." JOM 65, no. 12 (October 16, 2013): 1733–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0778-x.

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14

Vighas, V. R., S. Bharath Subramaniam, and G. Harish. "Advances in concentrated solar absorber designs." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2054, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012038.

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Abstract Concentrated solar power (CSP) with thermal storage (TES) can generate continuous power output. It can be used for various applications by overcoming the intermittent solar radiation. As heat losses occur in absorber because of heat flux, tracking, optical errors. Hence, improving efficiency arises. Reducing heat loss is vital. The absorbers are volumetric, cavity, tubular liquid, solid particle-type. The occurrence of heat flux on absorbers from heliostats. Performance affects because of clouds in transient conditions. The review focuses on advances in solar absorber designs. It concentrates on meeting sustainable development’s energy and power requirements.
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15

Duong, Van, and Gerardo Diaz. "Carbon dioxide as working fluid for medium and high-temperature concentrated solar thermal systems." AIMS Energy 2, no. 1 (2014): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2014.1.99.

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16

Cotfas, Petru A., and Daniel T. Cotfas. "Solar Hybrid System Component Study in Low Concentrated Sunlight." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021 (April 29, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6677473.

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The solar energy is increasingly used as a renewable energy source. Raising the efficiency of energy conversion from solar to useful energy (electric and thermal) represents an important research direction in the renewable energy domain. Using hybrid systems for electric and thermal energy cogeneration can be a solution. In this study, a hybrid system (HS) is designed, manufactured, implemented, and experimentally tested under concentrated sunlight with a concentration ratio of 25 suns, obtained using a Fresnel lens as a sunlight concentrator. The HS comprises of four concentrated photovoltaic cells (CPVs), four thermoelectric generators (TEGs), and a solar thermal collector (STC). The HS is studied in three configurations of the exposed surface: only the CPV active area, the CPV active area with ceramic support, and the CPV active area with ceramic support covered with graphite sheet. Results reveal that the efficiency of each system component is affected by the exposed surface. If the efficiencies of the CPVs decrease from 32.3% to 30.8% from the first configuration to the last one, the efficiencies of TEGs and STC increase from 0.12% to 0.44 and from 26.3% to 52.0%, respectively. Increasing the concentration ratio from 25 to 33 suns, the power of the CPVs increases with almost 31%, but the efficiency decreases slightly, instead the efficiencies of the TEGs and STC increase.
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17

Boretti, Alberto, Jamal Nayfeh, and Wael Al-Kouz. "Validation of SAM Modeling of Concentrated Solar Power Plants." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 15, 2020): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13081949.

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The paper proposes the validation of the latest System Advisor Model (SAM) vs. the experimental data for concentrated solar power energy facilities. Both parabolic trough, and solar tower, are considered, with and without thermal energy storage. The 250 MW parabolic trough facilities of Genesis, Mojave, and Solana, and the 110 MW solar tower facility of Crescent Dunes, all in the United States South-West, are modeled. The computed monthly average capacity factors for the average weather year are compared with the experimental data measured since the start of the operation of the facilities. While much higher sampling frequencies are needed for proper validation, as monthly averaging dramatically filters out differences between experiments and simulations, computational results are relatively close to measured values for the parabolic trough, and very far from for solar tower systems. The thermal energy storage is also introducing additional inaccuracies. It is concluded that the code needs further development, especially for the solar field and receiver of the solar tower modules, and the thermal energy storage. Validation of models and sub-models vs. high-frequency data collected on existing facilities, for both energy production, power plant parameters, and weather conditions, is a necessary step before using the code for designing novel facilities.
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18

Zhang, Hai Tao, Zi Long Wang, and Hua Zhang. "Thermal Analysis of Concentrated Photovoltaic System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 2213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.2213.

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Studying the thermal process of concentrating system could help us better understand how photovoltaic system works and seek ways to increase electricity production so as to reduce the cost of power generation. Energy transfer of concentrating photovoltaic system includes the process of light to electricity and the process of direct current to alternating current. This paper presents the factors that affect the energy transfer efficiency of the former one. And at last author points out that the key factor to increase the power production of photovoltaic system is controlling the temperatu- re of solar cell.
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19

Bošnjaković, Mladen, and Vlado Tadijanović. "Environment impact of a concentrated solar power plant." Tehnički glasnik 13, no. 1 (March 23, 2019): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20180911085644.

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More recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of concentrated solar thermal energy for the production of electricity, but also for the use in cogeneration and trigeneration. In this sense, the increasing use of solar thermal energy in urban areas is expected, and its impact on the environment is inducing an increasing interest. The paper analyses the impact of concentrated solar power technology (linear Fresnel, parabolic trough, parabolic dish, and central tower) on the environment in terms of water consumption, land use, wasted heat, emissions of gases, emissions of pollutants that include the leakage of heat transfer fluid through pipelines and tanks, impact on flora and fauna, impact of noise and visual impact. The impact on the environment is different for different concentrated solar power technologies and depends on whether thermal energy storage is included in the plant. Water is mainly used for cooling the system, but also for cleaning the surface of the mirror. To reduce water consumption, other cooling technologies (e.g. air cooling) are being developed. The available data from the literature show large variances depending on the size of the plant, geographic location and applied technology.
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20

Uma Maheswari, C., and R. Meenakshi Reddy. "CFD Analysis of a Solar Parabolic Dish." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.280.

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Concentrated solar thermal (CST) power has been used for years to help supply power to certain energy markets and has proven to be fairly successful. Unfortunately the high prices of these solar technologies have prohibited them from really making a large impact on the world's energy scene. This study analyses the structural, thermal, and CFD performance of a parabolic dish concept which could be the basis for large scale commercial concentrated solar thermal electricity. Simulation of the structural, thermal and CFDanalysis of the dish with varying metallic properties (Aluminium, Copper and StainlessSteel) under different windconditionswas compared. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was done to simulate the thermal performance of the dish at two different wind velocities.
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21

K.Panjwani, M., S. X. Yang, F. Xiao, K. H. Mangi, R. M. Larik, F. H. Mangi, M. Menghwar, J. Ansari, and K. H. Ali. "Hybrid concentrated photovoltaic thermal technology for domestic water heating." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 16, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v16.i3.pp1136-1143.

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There is an increasing reliance on renewable energy especially Solar Energy as the fossils are on the way to depletion.It offers an environmental friendly solution with an affordable comparative paradigm. Solar photovoltaic-thermal collectors have remained of the particular interest because of their higher overall efficiencies. Most of its applications related with solar hybrid PVT systems focuses more on electrical output rather than thermal output, and the contacting fluid is allowed to act as a coolant to assure that the solar cell operates in the ranges specified by the manufacturer to guarantee higher electrical efficiency. This ultimately allows fluid to retain higher temperature that could be utilized for meeting the heating demand of any residential household. First, the PVT analyses are performed over a system comprising of Fresnel-based Solar Module to allow higher irradiance to fall for relative higher conversion of efficiency and to achieve higher temperature ranges in the contacting fluid (water). The electrical parameters are compared, and a significant increase in the power ranges is concluded. Secondly, a simulated thermal structure of the heating tank is presented that utilises the heated water from the PVT system in meeting the heating demand of a residential household. When accounting all the electrical parameters, approximately 10% increase is noticed in power produced, and sufficient energy used for the traditional heating of water is retained.
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22

Al-Kayiem, Hussain, and Sanan Mohammad. "Potential of Renewable Energy Resources with an Emphasis on Solar Power in Iraq: An Outlook." Resources 8, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010042.

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This study presents an outlook on the renewable energies in Iraq, and the potential for deploying concentrated solar power technologies to support power generation in Iraq. Solar energy has not been sufficiently utilized at present in Iraq. However, this energy source can play an important role in energy production in Iraq, as the global solar radiation ranging from 2000 kWh/m2 to a 2500 kWh/m2 annual daily average. In addition, the study presents the limited current solar energy activities in Iraq. The attempts of the Iraqi government to utilize solar energy are also presented. Two approaches for utilizing concentrated solar power have been proposed, to support existing thermal power generation, with the possibility of being implemented as standalone plants or being integrated with thermal power plants. However, the cost analysis has shown that for 50 kW concentrated solar power in Iraq, the cost is around 0.23 US cent/kWh without integration with energy storage. Additionally, notable obstacles and barriers bounding the utilization of solar energy are also discussed. Finally, this study proposes initiatives that can be adopted by the Iraqi government to support the use of renewable energy resources in general, and solar energy in particular.
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23

Purohit, S., G. Brooks, M. A. Rhamdhani, and M. I. Pownceby. "Evaluation of concentrated solar thermal energy for iron ore agglomeration." Journal of Cleaner Production 317 (October 2021): 128313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128313.

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24

Khan, Mahir, N. M. S. Hassan, and A. K. Azad. "Investigation of thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power." Energy Procedia 160 (February 2019): 738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2019.02.185.

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25

Jaramillo, O. A., J. A. del Río, and G. Huelsz. "A thermal study of optical fibres transmitting concentrated solar energy." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 32, no. 9 (January 1, 1999): 1000–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/32/9/310.

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26

Selvaraj, J., V. Harikesavan, and A. Eshwanth. "A novel application of concentrated solar thermal energy in foundries." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 10 (July 25, 2015): 9312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4996-3.

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27

Nyandang, Aneurin Nanggar Anak, Baljit Singh, Muhammad Fairuz Remeli, Raihan Abu Bakar, and Amandeep Oberoi. "The Effect of Cooling Method in Parabolic Solar Dish Concentrator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 899 (June 2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.899.11.

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Power generation from fossil fuels in the recent years causes pollution to the environment, thus renewable energy must be considered as an alternative. Solar energy comes directly from the sun and harnessing this energy is crucial for a sustainable future. In this research, a parabolic solar dish collector was utilized to harness the solar energy. The parabolic dish was hybridized with a thermoelectric generator (TEG) to produce both heat and electricity simultaneously. Since TEG has no moving parts, it requires almost no maintenance, thus making it reliable and robust. This paper presents the experimental investigation performed on the concentrator to convert heat energy from the concentrated solar power using TEGs. The goal of the project was to efficiently generate electricity by using the concentrating dish to concentrate the solar radiation onto the TEG. The TEG was installed on the focal point of the concentrating dish to convert the thermal energy into electricity directly. Air-cooled, fan-cooled and water-cooled cooling method were introduced to cool the generators. At the end of the experiment, it was found out that water-cooled cooling method induced the highest voltage among the other cooling methods.
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Ghorbani, Bahram, and Mehdi Mehrpooya. "Concentrated solar energy system and cold thermal energy storage (process development and energy analysis)." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 37 (February 2020): 100607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2019.100607.

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29

Majadas, C. L., J. M. Peñaloga, and R. W. Salvador. "REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF NANOFLUIDS AS PROSPECT THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE MATERIAL FOR CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER APPLICATION." Resource-Efficient Technologies, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 10–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24056537/2020/4/277.

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Solar energy intermittency is one of the main challenges encountered by thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power plants due to the low heat transfer rates during charging operations. The critical thermophysical property to be considered for combating this problem is the thermal conductivity. Thus, base fluids with dispersed nanoparticles, better known as nanofluids, have become materials with great potential since they enhance efficiency during charging intervals by increasing the charged material's thermal conductivity by up to 89 %. By gathering and analyzing results from various studies in nanofluids, it was observed that there is a considerable improvement in the thermal storage material compared with the base fluid alone. There is also an increase in the thermal conductivity as nanoparticles are added. Obtaining an increase as great as 99 % allows faster rates of heat transfer. Overall, this may significantly improve the efficiency of thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power plants.
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Steinfeld, A., A. Imhof, and D. Mischler. "Experimental Investigation of an Atmospheric-Open Cyclone Solar Reactor for Solid-Gas Thermochemical Reactions." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 114, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930001.

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A solar receiver-reactor has been designed to conduct solid-gas chemical reactions, using concentrated solar radiation as the energy source of high-temperature process heat. It consists of a conical cyclone gas-particle separator that has been modified to let concentrated solar energy enter the cavity through a windowless (atmospheric-open) aperture. It combines the advantages of cavity receivers and volumetric reactors, and permits continuous mode of operation. A small-scale prototype reactor to conduct the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate at 1300 K was experimentally investigated in a solar furnace. Its thermal performance was evaluated. The mean energy absorption efficiency, based on the optically measured power incident on the receiver aperture, was 43 percent. Reaction products showed high degree of calcination.
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Du, Jiang Yong, Xin Zhi Liu, and Hou Lei Zhang. "Design and Analysis of Concentrated Solar-Energy Assisted Paddle Dryers." Defect and Diffusion Forum 353 (May 2014): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.353.73.

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Paddle dryer, one kind of indirect dryers, is widely used in removing moisture content of many materials, such as brown coal, sewage sludge, and biomass. For many applications, the materials to be dried are low-valued or even wastes, so the drying energy consumption becomes the critical issue. One way to reduce the energy consumption is to introduce solar-drying technology. In this paper, firstly, we present a paddle dryer system configuration with concentrated solar energy (CSE) device, which consists of trough-type collectors, thermal storage tanks and auxiliary parts. Then a calculating model is developed to design the drying system. Examples with typical solar radiation conditions in Nanjing, China are illustrated. The energy-saving rate (η), i.e. the ratio of the provided solar energy to the total energy required by the drying process on one-day basis, is evaluated. The developed lab prototype is finally described in brief.
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32

Otanicar, Todd, Drew DeJarnette, Nick Brekke, Ebrima Tunkara, Ken Roberts, and Parameswar Harikumar. "Full Spectrum Collection of Concentrated Solar Energy Using PV Coupled with Selective Filtration Utilizing Nanoparticles." MRS Advances 1, no. 43 (2016): 2935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.439.

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ABSTRACTHybrid solar receivers utilizing both photovoltaic cells and thermal collectors are capable of collecting the entire solar spectrum for use in energy systems. Such systems provide efficient solar energy conversion using PV in addition to dispatchability through thermal storage by incorporating a thermal collector in conjunction with the PV. Proposed hybrid systems typically invoke spectrum splitting so to redirect photons optimized for PV electric conversion to a cell while non-PV efficient photons are directed to a thermal absorber. This work discusses a hybrid system with a selective solar filter using a suspended nanoparticle fluid to directly absorb non-PV photons. Non-absorbed photons pass through the filter and impact the PV. Choice of nanoparticles in the fluid allow absorption and transmission of specific wavelengths. Nanoparticles were chosen based on optimization simulations for a bandpass filter to a cSi solar cell. The synthesized fluid has been experimentally characterized to show the effects of high temperature on nanoparticle stability and optical properties. Thermodynamic modeling of the system suggests solar to electric efficiency of the total system is 23.2% if all thermal energy is converted to electricity through an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). However, high temperature generation could be used for industrial process heat at a specific temperature by changing parameters such as absorbed energy and flow rates. Furthermore, a prototype is being developed with 14x concentration to demonstrate the technology on-sun with initial testing targeted for the 2nd quarter of 2016. Overall, the hybrid nanoparticle filter concentrating solar collector can be modified to fit a variety of applications through easily changeable parameters in the system.
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33

Shukir, Samhar Saeed. "Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Systems to Solve the Problem of the Increasing in Electricity Demand in the Summer Season in Iraq." Journal of Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources 8, no. 2 (June 13, 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/joares.2022.v08i02.002.

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Concentrated solar power (CSP) is the conversion of the sun's energy into thermal energy by concentrating the solar radiation by means of mirrors or any other optical element such as lenses on a receiver containing a liquid such as water, molten salt, industrial oil or compressed gas to provide heat for heating and for industrial purposes or to generate steam that rotates a turbine to produce electricity. CSP plants may contain thermal storage units to provide electrical and thermal energy during the night or when the weather is cloudy. Concentrated thermal and electrical energy generation requires high direct solar radiation (DNI) which represents 90% of the sunlight on a sunny day and its value is neglected on a cloudy day, so (CSP) is effective in the sun belt regions, which are located at latitudes between 15 and 40 degrees north and south of the equator, these regions include: the Middle East, North Africa, South Africa, India, southwestern United States, Mexico, Chile, Peru, eastern China, Australia, southern Europe and Turkey. Also, solar radiation is high at high latitudes, as dispersion is low. The best areas to install CSP plants are the areas where direct solar radiation (DNI) is greater than (2800 kwh/m2 per year). The time taken to build CSP plants is from (1-3) years depending on the size of the plant, and its operational life is more than 30 years. The area needed by these plants is 2 hectares per megawatt. This article highlights on the systems for generating electric power from concentrated solar energy and presents the different fluids used in heat transfer, as well as the methods of thermal storage.
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Sulaiman, Shaharin Anwar, and Farid Fawzy Fathy Taha. "Drying of Oil Palm Fronds Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Power." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.449.

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Malaysia has great potential for biomass stock. The fact that oil palm fronds contain high moisture content makes it unsuitable to be used directly as a biomass fuel neither for direct combustion nor gasification. Conventional and costly drying methods make the fronds a non-attractive fuel especially in humid tropical countries, where sources of biomass is abundant. A new solar dryer design is proposed that utilizes concentrated solar thermal energy for drying oil palm fronds. A prototype for the dryer has been fabricated and tested. The system’s target is to maximize the thermal energy received by the system and to minimize energy loss out of the system. Experiments were performed on samples of oil palm fronds at a drying temperature not exceeding 110°C; in order not to affect the organic material of the biomass. Results were compared with another experiment performed at the same temperature. An electric oven was used for drying. The samples were completely dried using the proposed system for 6.5 hours, compared to 10.5 hours by using the electric oven. The proposed system achieved an average drying rate of 4.75 g/hr compared to an average drying rate of 2.83 g/hr using the electric oven. The efficiency of the dryer was calculated to be 55.4%, implying good potential of the proposed system.
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Zereg, Kacem, Amor Gama, Mounir Aksas, Neelam Rathore, Fatiha Yettou, and Narayan Lal Panwar. "Dust impact on concentrated solar power: A review." Environmental Engineering Research 27, no. 6 (November 18, 2021): 210345–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2021.345.

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Many sites with high solar radiation face high dust loads that reduce energy generation by concentrated solar power plants. This review presents the attenuative impacts of atmospheric aerosols, as well as reflectivity losses due to soiling of solar reflectors, by covering both experimental investigations and numerical studies; along with presenting the theoretical background. The chemical nature of aerosols, and the physics of soiling and atmospheric extinction phenomena (scattering and absorption) are also reviewed. Suspended particles like aerosols result in atmospheric extinction of the solar radiation that reaches the concentrators, and the deposition of these particles on the solar reflectors provokes decreases up to 80% in their reflectivity, and thus enhances the cumulus of optical losses and the reduction of energy production. Even though dust affects both CSP and photovoltaics, CSP technologies suffer more losses. The impact of dust should be particularly considered during the planning phase of solar thermal plants, since its consequent reduction in energy output can be severe. While there have been multiple papers to review dust-related problems for PV, the present paper is the first literature review dedicated to the impact of soiling on concentrated solar power.
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Davis, Dominic, Fabian Müller, Woei L. Saw, Aldo Steinfeld, and Graham J. Nathan. "Solar-driven alumina calcination for CO2 mitigation and improved product quality." Green Chemistry 19, no. 13 (2017): 2992–3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc00585g.

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Loganathan, Vijayaraja, Dhanasekar Ravikumar, Rupa Kesavan, Kanakasri Venkatesan, Raadha Saminathan, Raju Kannadasan, Mahalingam Sudhakaran, Mohammed H. Alsharif, Zong Woo Geem, and Junhee Hong. "A Case Study on Renewable Energy Sources, Power Demand, and Policies in the States of South India—Development of a Thermoelectric Model." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 20, 2022): 8882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148882.

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This work aims to perform a holistic review regarding renewable energy mix, power production approaches, demand scenarios, power policies, and investments with respect to clean energy production in the southern states of India. Further, a thermoelectric-generator model is proposed to meet rural demands using a proposed solar dish collector technology. The proposed model is based on the idea of employing a parabolic concentrator and a thermoelectric (TE) module to generate electricity directly from the sun’s energy. A parabolic dish collector with an aperture of 1.11 m is used to collect sunlight and concentrate it onto a receiver plate with an area of 1.56 m in the proposed TE solar concentrator. The concentrated solar thermal energy is converted directly into electrical energy by using a bismuth telluride (BiTe)-based TE module mounted on the receiver plate. A rectangular fin heatsink, coupled with a fan, is employed to remove heat from the TE module’s cool side, and a tracking device is used to track the sun continuously. The experimental results show considerable agreement with the mathematical model as well as its potential applications. Solar thermal power generation plays a crucial part in bridging the demand–supply gap for electricity, and it can be achieved through rural electrification using the proposed solar dish collector technology, which typically has a 10 to 25 kW capacity per dish and uses a Stirling engine to generate power. Here the experimentation work generates a voltage of 11.6 V, a current of 0.7 A, and a power of 10.5 W that can be used for rural electrification, especially for domestic loads.
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Kotyla, Jonathan. "Molten salt composition and composites for improved latent heat thermal energy storage." PAM Review Energy Science & Technology 4 (June 5, 2017): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pamr.v4i0.1445.

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The growing concern over nonrenewable fuel sources, coupled with the continued increase of global energy demand has incentivised research into numerous new and pre-existing renewable energy sources. Concentrated solar thermal (CST) takes advantage of the high heat capacity of molten salts to provide an alternative solar solution to photovoltaic cells that allows reduced downtime through heat storage for use during suboptimal conditions. This meta-study examines the effectiveness of various eutectic Molten Salt compositions and materials as thermo-physical augmenters, with a focus on improved thermal conductivity when composited with molten salts as a method of enhancing the efficiency of concentrated solar thermal storage technology. The study is based on literature retrieved from scientific databases to investigate information available about enhancing LHTES technology. Research into carbon composites such as Expanded Graphite (EG) exhibits promising results revealing thermal conductivity increases as high as 40% in eutectic salt materials, however inconsistencies in measurements and materials used reveal a need for a greater analysis. Although molten salt thermal storage systems are not optimal in their current state, indication was found that composite storage mediums could potentially solidify their spot as a viable renewable energy source.
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Cioccolanti, Luca, Simone De Grandis, Roberto Tascioni, Matteo Pirro, and Alessandro Freddi. "Development of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for Small-Scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Cogeneration Plants." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 13, 2021): 5491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125491.

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Solar energy is widely recognized as one of the most attractive renewable energy sources to support the transition toward a decarbonized society. Use of low- and medium-temperature concentrated solar technologies makes decentralized power production of combined heating and power (CHP) an alternative to conventional energy conversion systems. However, because of the changes in solar radiation and the inertia of the different subsystems, the operation control of concentrated solar power (CSP) plants is fundamental to increasing their overall conversion efficiency and improving reliability. Therefore, in this study, the operation control of a micro-scale CHP plant consisting of a linear Fresnel reflector solar field, an organic Rankine cycle unit, and a phase change material thermal energy storage tank, as designed and built under the EU-funded Innova Microsolar project by a consortium of universities and companies, is investigated. In particular, a fuzzy logic control is developed in MATLAB/Simulink by the authors in order to (i) initially recognize the type of user according to the related energy consumption profile by means of a neural network and (ii) optimize the thermal-load-following approach by introducing a set of fuzzy rules to switch among the different operation modes. Annual simulations are performed by combining the plant with different thermal load profiles. In general, the analysis shows that that the proposed fuzzy logic control increases the contribution of the TES unit in supplying the ORC unit, while reducing the number of switches between the different OMs. Furthermore, when connected with a residential user load profile, the overall electrical and thermal energy production of the plant increases. Hence, the developed control logic proves to have good potential in increasing the energy efficiency of low- and medium-temperature concentrated solar ORC systems when integrated into the built environment.
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Caraballo, Adrián, Santos Galán-Casado, Ángel Caballero, and Sara Serena. "Molten Salts for Sensible Thermal Energy Storage: A Review and an Energy Performance Analysis." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 23, 2021): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041197.

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A comprehensive review of different thermal energy storage materials for concentrated solar power has been conducted. Fifteen candidates were selected due to their nature, thermophysical properties, and economic impact. Three key energy performance indicators were defined in order to evaluate the performance of the different molten salts, using Solar Salt as a reference for low and high temperatures. The analysis provided evidence that nitrate-based materials are the best choice for the former and chloride-based materials are best for the latter instead of fluoride and carbonate-based candidates, mainly due to their low cost.
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41

Sami, Samuel. "Analysis of Nanofluids Behavior in Concentrated Solar Power Collectors with Organic Rankine Cycle." Applied System Innovation 2, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi2030022.

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In this paper, the performance of nanofluids in a Parabolic Trough Concentrating Solar Collector (CSP)-based power generation plant, an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), and a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system is studied. This study is intended to investigate the enhancement effect and characteristics of nanofluids Al2O3, CuO, Fe3O4 and SiO2 in integrated concentrating solar power (CSP) with ORC, and TES under different solar radiations, angles of incidence, and different nanofluid concentrations. The refrigerant mixture used in the ORC loop to enhance the ORC efficiency is an environmentally sound quaternary mixture composed of R134a, R245fa, R125, R236fa. The results showed that the power absorbed, and power collected by the CSP collector and thermal energy stored in the storage tank are enhanced with the increase of the solar radiation. It was also found that the CSP hybrid system efficiency has been enhanced mainly by the increase of the solar radiation and higher nanofluid concentrations over the thermal oil as base fluid. Also, the study concludes that the nanofluid CuO outperforms the other nanofluids—Al2O3, Fe3O4 and SiO2—and has the highest CSP solar collector performance compared to the other nanofluids and thermal oil base fluid under study at similar conditions. Finally, it was found that the model’s prediction compares fairly with data reported in the literature; however, some discrepancies exist between the model’s prediction and the experimental data.
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Felsberger, Richard, Armin Buchroithner, Bernhard Gerl, and Hannes Wegleiter. "Conversion and Testing of a Solar Thermal Parabolic Trough Collector for CPV-T Application." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 6142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226142.

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In the field of solar power generation, concentrator systems, such as concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) or concentrated solar power (CSP), are subject of intensive research activity, due to high efficiencies in electrical power generation compared to conventional photovoltaics (PV) and low-cost energy storage on the thermal side. Even though the idea of combining the thermal and electrical part in one absorber is obvious, very few hybrid systems (i.e., concentrator photovoltaics-thermal systems (CPV-T)) are either described in literature or commercially available. This paper features the conversion of a commercial thermal parabolic trough collector to a CPV-T hybrid system using multi-junction PV cells. The design process is described in detail starting with the selection of suitable PV cells, elaborating optical and mechanical system requirements, heat sink design and final assembly. Feasibility is proven by practical tests involving maximum power point tracking as well as empirical determination of heat generation and measurement results are presented.
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43

Burhan, Muhammad, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, and Kim Choon Ng. "Sustainable Cooling with Hybrid Concentrated Photovoltaic Thermal (CPVT) System and Hydrogen Energy Storage." International Journal of Computational Physics Series 1, no. 2 (March 5, 2018): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29167/a1i2p40-51.

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Standalone power systems have vital importance as energy source for remote area. On the other hand, a significant portion of such power production is used for cooling purposes. In this scenario, renewable energy sources provide sustainable solution, especially solar energy due to its global availability. Concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system provides highest efficiency photovoltaic technology, which can operate at x1000 concentration ratio. However, such high concentration ratio requires heat dissipation from the cell area to maintain optimum temperature. This paper discusses the size optimization algorithm of sustainable cooling system using CPVT. Based upon the CPV which is operating at x1000 concentration with back plate liquid cooling, the CPVT system size is optimized to drive a hybrid mechanical vapor compression (MVC) chiller and adsorption chiller, by utilizing both electricity and heat obtained from the solar system. The electrolysis based hydrogen is used as primary energy storage system along with the hot water storage tanks. The micro genetic algorithm (micro-GA) based optimization algorithm is developed to find the optimum size of each component of CPVT-Cooling system with uninterrupted power supply and minimum cost, according to the developed operational strategy. The hybrid system is operated with solar energy system efficiency of 71%.
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44

Tascioni, Roberto, Alessia Arteconi, Luca Del Zotto, and Luca Cioccolanti. "Fuzzy Logic Energy Management Strategy of a Multiple Latent Heat Thermal Storage in a Small-Scale Concentrated Solar Power Plant." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 29, 2020): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112733.

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Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems allow us to effectively store and release the collected thermal energy from solar thermodynamic plants; however, room for improvements exists to increase their efficiency when in operation. For this reason, in this work, a smart management strategy of an innovative LHTES in a micro-scale concentrated solar combined heat and power plant is proposed and numerically investigated. The novel thermal storage system, as designed and built by the partners within the EU funded Innova MicroSolar project, is subdivided into six modules and consists of 3.8 tons of nitrate solar salt kNO3/NaNO3, whose melting temperature is in the range 216 ÷ 223 °C. In this study, the partitioning of the storage system on the performance of the integrated plant is evaluated by applying a smart energy management strategy based on a fuzzy logic approach. Compared to the single thermal energy storage (TES) configuration, the proposed strategy allows a reduction in storage thermal losses and improving of the plant’s overall efficiency especially in periods with limited solar irradiance. The yearly dynamic simulations carried out show that the electricity produced by the combined heat and power plant is increased by about 5%, while the defocus thermal losses in the solar plant are reduced by 30%.
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45

Weidenkaff, Anke, Armin Reller, and Aldo Steinfeld. "Solar Production of Zinc from the Zinc Silicate Ore Willemite." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 2 (November 1, 2000): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1353847.

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The thermal extraction of zinc from its ore willemite, Zn2SiO4, is investigated using concentrated solar energy. Experiments conducted at above 1750 K in a high-flux solar furnace yielded the products Zn(g), O2, and SiO2l.
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Walczak, Magdalena, Fabiola Pineda, Ángel G. Fernández, Carlos Mata-Torres, and Rodrigo A. Escobar. "Materials corrosion for thermal energy storage systems in concentrated solar power plants." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 86 (April 2018): 22–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.01.010.

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47

Demirtaş, Cevdet, and Ali Kemal Özcan. "The experi̇mental thermal analysis of aluminum metal melting with concentrated solar energy." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 222 (April 2021): 110940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110940.

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48

Salatino, Piero, Paola Ammendola, Piero Bareschino, Riccardo Chirone, and Roberto Solimene. "Improving the thermal performance of fluidized beds for concentrated solar power and thermal energy storage." Powder Technology 290 (March 2016): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.07.036.

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Broderick, Lirong Zeng, Tiejun Zhang, Marco Stefancich, Brian R. Albert, Evelyn Wang, Gang Chen, Peter Armstrong, Matteo Chiesa, Lionel Kimerling, and Jurgen Michel. "High Efficiency Solar to Electric Energy Conversion through Spectrum Splitting and Multi-channel Full Spectrum Harvesting." MRS Proceedings 1493 (2013): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.230.

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ABSTRACTA system combining photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal approaches is designed to convert solar energy to electricity with high efficiency across the full solar spectrum. Concentrated solar spectrum is split into two parts: PV and thermal. The PV part of the spectrum is further split into several subbands directed to bandgap appropriate solar cells on an inexpensive Si substrate. Epitaxial Ge on Si is used as a virtual substrate for III-V semiconductor growth. At long and very short wavelengths where PV efficiency is low, solar radiation is directed to a high temperature thermal storage tank for electricity generation using heat engines. The potential of using PV waste heat due to thermalization of high energy photoelectrons for electricity generation is also investigated. Detailed optical and thermal analysis show that with optimized design and neglecting optical component loss, system power conversion efficiency can reach 56%, including more than 16% absolute contribution from thermal storage.
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ABANADES. "Metal Oxides Applied to Thermochemical Water-Splitting for Hydrogen Production Using Concentrated Solar Energy." ChemEngineering 3, no. 3 (July 4, 2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3030063.

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Solar thermochemical processes have the potential to efficiently convert high-temperature solar heat into storable and transportable chemical fuels such as hydrogen. In such processes, the thermal energy required for the endothermic reaction is supplied by concentrated solar energy and the hydrogen production routes differ as a function of the feedstock resource. While hydrogen production should still rely on carbonaceous feedstocks in a transition period, thermochemical water-splitting using metal oxide redox reactions is considered to date as one of the most attractive methods in the long-term to produce renewable H2 for direct use in fuel cells or further conversion to synthetic liquid hydrocarbon fuels. The two-step redox cycles generally consist of the endothermic solar thermal reduction of a metal oxide releasing oxygen with concentrated solar energy used as the high-temperature heat source for providing reaction enthalpy; and the exothermic oxidation of the reduced oxide with H2O to generate H2. This approach requires the development of redox-active and thermally-stable oxide materials able to split water with both high fuel productivities and chemical conversion rates. The main relevant two-step metal oxide systems are commonly based on volatile (ZnO/Zn, SnO2/SnO) and non-volatile redox pairs (Fe3O4/FeO, ferrites, CeO2/CeO2−, perovskites). These promising hydrogen production cycles are described by providing an overview of the best performing redox systems, with special focus on their capabilities to produce solar hydrogen with high yields, rapid reaction rates, and thermochemical performance stability, and on the solar reactor technologies developed to operate the solid–gas reaction systems.
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