Academic literature on the topic 'Concentrate bacterial cultures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Concentrate bacterial cultures"
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Poymanov, V. V., D. S. Grishanova, and S. T. Antipov. "Investigation of the processes of freezing and freeze-drying of bacterial concentrates for the dairy industry." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 4 (March 21, 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-4-19-24.
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This project is dedicated to the development of finishing equipment for the production of dry bacterial concentrates. One of the main objects is a quick-freezing apparatus designed for freezing bacterial concentrates, as well as a continuous vacuum freeze dryer. In this market, domestic production takes about 9 ... 12%. Creation of high-tech equipment of a new generation for the production of bacterial concentrates for dairy enterprises will allow to solve the problem of import substitution of this type of product. The main directions for the use of bacterial concentrates in the dairy industry. The analysis of used starter cultures, the range of products manufactured using bacterial concentrates. The classification of bacterial concentrates according to the method of storage and use is given. The methods of using bacterial concentrates at dairy enterprises are considered. The ways to improve the production of bacterial concentrates are proposed. To study the effect of technological parameters of vacuum freeze-drying on the quality of the final bacterial concentrate, a series of experiments was performed. Drying was carried out to a final moisture content of 3.0–3.2%, while the residual pressure in the chamber varied in the range of 10–50 Pa, and the heat flux density ranged from 1.2 to 1.8 kW / m2. The expediency of creating domestic production of baconconcentrates on an industrial scale is substantiated. The results of the study of the kinetics of the freezing of bacterial concentrates are given. The rational parameters of the freezing process and the optimal composition of the cryoprotective medium are proposed. Investigations of the process of vacuum-sublimation dehydration of bacterial concentrate in a layer and granulated form have been conducted. The quality indicators of dry bacterial concentrates are given. The results will allow to carry out engineering calculations and design of equipment for freezing and vacuum sublimation plants with various methods of energy supply.
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Archibald, Lennox K., L. Clifford McDonald, Rachel M. Addison, Celeste McKnight, Terry Byrne, Hamish Dobbie, Okey Nwanyanwu, Peter Kazembe, L. Barth Reller, and William R. Jarvis. "Comparison of BACTEC MYCO/F LYTIC and WAMPOLE ISOLATOR 10 (Lysis-Centrifugation) Systems for Detection of Bacteremia, Mycobacteremia, and Fungemia in a Developing Country." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 8 (2000): 2994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.8.2994-2997.2000.
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In less-developed countries, studies of bloodstream infections (BSI) have been hindered because of the difficulty and costs of culturing blood for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi. During two study periods (study period I [1997] and study period II [1998]), we cultured blood from patients in Malawi by using the BACTEC MYCO/F LYTIC (MFL), ISOLATOR 10 (Isolator), Septi-Chek AFB (SC-AFB), and Septi-Chek bacterial (SC-B) systems. During study period I, blood was inoculated at 5 ml into an MFL bottle, 10 ml into an Isolator tube for lysis and centrifugation, and 10 ml into an SC-B bottle. Next, 0.5-ml aliquots of Isolator concentrate were inoculated into an SC-AFB bottle and onto Middlebrook 7H11 agar slants, chocolate agar slants, and Inhibitory Mold Agar (IMA) slants. During study period II, the SC-B and chocolate agar cultures were discontinued. MFL growth was detected by fluorescence caused by shining UV light (λ = 365 nm) onto the indicator on the bottom of the bottle. During study period I, 251 blood cultures yielded 44 bacterial isolates. For bacteremia, the MFL was similar to the Isolator concentrate on chocolate agar (34 of 44 versus 27 of 44; P, not significant [NS]), but more sensitive than the SC-B bottle (34 of 44 versus 24 of 44; P = 0.05). For both study periods combined, 486 blood cultures yielded 37 mycobacterial and 13 fungal isolates. For mycobacteremia, the sensitivities of the MFL and Isolator concentrate in the SC-AFB bottle were similar (30 of 37 versus 29 of 37; P, NS); the MFL bottle was more sensitive than the concentrate on Middlebrook agar (30 of 37 versus 15 of 37; P = 0.002). For fungemia, the MFL bottle was as sensitive as the SC-B bottle or Isolator concentrate on chocolate agar or IMA slants. We conclude that the MFL bottle, inoculated with just 5 ml of blood and examined under UV light, provides a sensitive and uncomplicated method for comprehensive detection of BSI in less-developed countries.
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Stankovic, Srdjan, Ivana Moric, Aleksandar Pavic, Branka Vasiljevic, Barrie Johnson, and Vladica Cvetkovic. "Investigation of the microbial diversity of an extremely acidic, metal-rich water body (Lake Robule, Bor, Serbia)." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, no. 6 (2014): 729–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc130605071s.
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An investigation of the microbial diversity of the extremely acidic, metal-rich Lake Robule was carried out using culture-dependant and culture-independent (T-RFLP) methods, and the ability of indigenous bacteria from the lake water to leach copper from a mineral concentrate was tested. T-RFLP analysis revealed that the dominant bacteria in lake water samples were the obligate heterotroph Acidiphilium cryptum (~50% of total bacteria) and the iron-oxidizing autotroph Leptospirillum ferrooxidans (~40%) The iron/sulfur-oxidizing autotroph Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans had been reported to be the most abundant bacteria in the lake in an earlier study by other authors, but it was not detected in the present study using T-RFLP. Although it was isolated on solid media and detected in enrichment (bioleaching) cultures. The presence of the two bacterial species detected by T-RFLP (L. ferrooxidans and A. cryptum) was also confirmed by cultivation on solid media. The presence and relative abundance of bacteria inhabiting Lake Robule was explained by the physiological characteristics of the bacteria and the physico-chemical characteristics of the lake water.
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Sarlin, Tuija H., Outi K. Priha, Mona E. Arnold, and Päivi Kinnunen. "Bioleaching of Phosphorus from Low Grade Ores and Concentrates with Acidophilic Iron- and Sulphur-Oxidizing Bacteria." Advanced Materials Research 825 (October 2013): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.825.266.
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Bioleaching experiments of phosphorus from low grade fluorapatite ore containing 8.2% P2O5 and from fluorapatite concentrate containing 29.8% P2O5 were carried out in shake flasks. Elemental sulphur was supplemented as an energy source for acid generation. Mixed and pure acidophilic bacterial cultures consisting of iron-and/or sulphur-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, A. thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans were used in the experiments. These acidophiles are commonly used in bioleaching of sulphide minerals, but their application on phosphorus bioleaching has been limited. Phosphorus leaching was shown to be a pH-dependant phenomenon. Phosphorus leaching yields of up to 97% and 28% were obtained in 3 weeks for low grade fluorapatite ore and concentrate, respectively. These results indicate a potential for applying bioleaching for phosphorus extraction from low grade materials.
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Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (April 13, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.2.
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Indigo rings and circles emerged when I added the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides. I attribute the dark blue staining to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to the addition of lactophenol cotton blue, the Gram-stained slides appeared unremarkable, lacking ubiquitous clumps or stained polysaccharides. Adding lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides is a quick and inexpensive way to screen cell cultures for bacterial slime, clumps and biofilms that are invisible using the Gram stain alone.
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Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (December 6, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.5.
Full textAbstract:
Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to the addition of lactophenol cotton blue, the Gram-stained slides appeared unremarkable, lacking ubiquitous clumps or stained polysaccharides. Adding lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides is a quick and inexpensive way to screen cell cultures for bacterial slime, clumps and biofilms that are invisible using the Gram stain alone.
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Eiler, Alexander, Silke Langenheder, Stefan Bertilsson, and Lars J. Tranvik. "Heterotrophic Bacterial Growth Efficiency and Community Structure at Different Natural Organic Carbon Concentrations." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 69, no. 7 (July 2003): 3701–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.69.7.3701-3709.2003.
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ABSTRACT Batch cultures of aquatic bacteria and dissolved organic matter were used to examine the impact of carbon source concentration on bacterial growth, biomass, growth efficiency, and community composition. An aged concentrate of dissolved organic matter from a humic lake was diluted with organic compound-free artificial lake water to obtain concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ranging from 0.04 to 2.53 mM. The bacterial biomass produced in the cultures increased linearly with the DOC concentration, indicating that bacterial biomass production was limited by the supply of carbon. The bacterial growth rate in the exponential growth phase exhibited a hyperbolic response to the DOC concentration, suggesting that the maximum growth rate was constrained by the substrate concentration at low DOC concentrations. Likewise, the bacterial growth efficiency calculated from the production of biomass and CO2 increased asymptotically from 0.4 to 10.4% with increasing DOC concentration. The compositions of the microbial communities that emerged in the cultures were assessed by separation of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA fragments by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of the gel profiles showed that there was a gradual change in the community composition along the DOC gradient; members of the β subclass of the class Proteobacteria and members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium group were well represented at all concentrations, whereas members of the α subclass of the Proteobacteria were found exclusively at the lowest carbon concentration. The shift in community composition along the DOC gradient was similar to the patterns of growth efficiency and growth rate. The results suggest that the bacterial growth efficiencies, the rates of bacterial growth, and the compositions of bacterial communities are not constrained by substrate concentrations in most natural waters, with the possible exception of the most oligotrophic environments.
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Soglaeva, A., O. Titova, N. Zhabanos, and N. Furik. "DEVELOPMENT OF A BACTERIAL STEERING STERE FOR A FODDER BALANCING CONCENTRATE «ECOBALANCE» FOR REGULATING MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN COW'S PEREASTERS AND INCREASING DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY." Topical issues of processing of meat and milk raw materials, no. 15 (December 21, 2021): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/2220-8755-2020-15-69-78.
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Researches of physiological and biochemical characteristics of microorganisms from the Republican collection of industrial strains of starter cultures and their bacteriophages were carried out. Strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus fermentum was selected. Consortia of microorganisms for use in the starter culture to regulate microbiological processes in the proventriculus of cows was developed. The effect of various components of the filler on the ability of lactic acid microorganisms to develop in their presence was investigated. The procedure for introducing and mixing technology of the starter culture and dry components of the feed concentrate has been worked out.
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Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (May 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.3.
Full textAbstract:
Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to the addition of lactophenol cotton blue, the Gram-stained slides appeared unremarkable, lacking ubiquitous clumps or stained polysaccharides. Adding lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides is a quick and inexpensive way to screen cell cultures for bacterial slime, clumps and biofilms that are invisible using the Gram stain alone. The presence of cell clumping provides a possible explanation of the presence of persisters and paradoxical points observed in Virtual Colony Count antimicrobial assays, and suggests a phenotypic resistance mechanism to antimicrobial peptides involving capsular polysaccharides.
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Ericksen, Bryan. "Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing." F1000Research 4 (July 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5779.4.
Full textAbstract:
Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria. Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to the addition of lactophenol cotton blue, the Gram-stained slides appeared unremarkable, lacking ubiquitous clumps or stained polysaccharides. Adding lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides is a quick and inexpensive way to screen cell cultures for bacterial slime, clumps and biofilms that are invisible using the Gram stain alone. The presence of cell clumping provides a possible explanation of the presence of persisters and paradoxical points observed in Virtual Colony Count antimicrobial assays, and suggests a phenotypic resistance mechanism to antimicrobial peptides involving capsular polysaccharides.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Concentrate bacterial cultures"
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Кічура, Марія Андріївна. "Технологія виробництва бактеріального концентрату закваски для кисломолочних продуктів. Дільниця виробничого біосинтезу." Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/41082.
Full textAbstract:
Дипломний проект містить 108 сторінок, 10 ілюстрацій, 3 таблиці, 2
креслиники та 109 бібліографічних найменувань за переліком посилань.
Метою даної роботи є проектування виробництва бактеріальної закваски
для виготовлення кисломолочних продуктів дієтичного харчування,зокрема
йогурту.
Робота присвячена збільшенню обсягів виробництва вітчизняних заквасок,
що дасть можливість збільшення асортименту та здешевлення молочнокислих
продуктів.
Обгрунтовано і запропоновано в якості продуцента бактеріальної закваски
використовувати штами гомоферментативних термофільних молочнокислих
бактерій Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Вulgaricus та Streptococcus salivarius
subsp. Thermophilus, отримані у результаті селекції з використанням
природнього добору , мають пробітичні властивості і є високотехнологічними
для виготовлення кисломолочної пробдукції.
Обрано ефективне, економічно вигідне та надійне обладнання для
виробничого культивування закваски. Розраховано та обрано апарат для
виробничого культивування. Наведено технологічний, конструктивний та
гідравлічний розрахунки обраного ферментеру.
В роботі обґрунтовані та подані технологічна та апаратурна схеми
виробництва.The diploma project contains 108pages, 10 illustrations, 3 tables, 2 drawings and 109 bibliographic titles according to the list of references. The purpose of this work is to design the production of bacterial leaven for the manufacture of fermented milk products for dietary nutrition. The work is devoted to increasing the production of domestic leavens, which will increase the range and reduce the cost of lactic acid products. It is substantiated and proposed to use strains of homofermentative thermophilic lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp as a producer of bacterial yeast. Vulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. Thermophilus, obtained by selection using natural selection, have probiotic properties and are high-tech for the manufacture of fermented milk production. Efficient, cost-effective and reliable equipment for production cultivation of sourdough has been selected. The device for industrial cultivation is calculated and selected. Technological, constructive and hydraulic calculations of the selected fermenter are given. The technological and hardware schemes of production are substantiated and presented in the work
Book chapters on the topic "Concentrate bacterial cultures"
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Gilliland, Stanley E. "Concentrated Starter Cultures." In Bacterial Starter Cultures for Foods, 145–58. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351070065-11.
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Dew, D. W., C. van Buuren, K. McEwan, and C. Bowker. "Bioleaching of base metal sulphide concentrates: A comparison of mesophile and thermophile bacterial cultures." In Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century - Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium, 229–38. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1572-4409(99)80022-4.
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Harris, E. L. V. "Concentration of the extract." In Protein Purification Techniques. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636747.003.0010.
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A concentration step is frequently required after a clarified solution of the protein has been obtained, in order to aid subsequent purification steps. This is particularly important when the protein is obtained in culture medium from cells (e.g. bacteria or tissue culture cells). Concentration of the protein solution results in a decreased volume, as well as a higher protein concentration. Clearly a smaller volume of solution is easier to handle in subsequent steps, such as precipitation or loading onto a chromatography column. Higher protein concentration minimize protein losses by non-specific adsorption to container walls or column matrices. In addition many subsequent purification steps require a minimum protein concentration to be effective, for example, precipitation is more efficient at concentrations above 100 μg/ml, whilst for adsorption chromatography (e.g. ion exchange or affinity) the concentration of protein must be greater than the dissociation constant. Concentration is achieved by removal of water and other small molecules: (a) By addition of a dry matrix polymer with pores that are too small to allow entry of the large protein molecules (Section 2). (b) By removal of the small molecules through a semi-permeable membrane which will not allow the large molecules through (i.e. ultrafiltration, Section 3). (c) By removal of water in vacua (i.e. lyophilization, Section 4). Precipitation can also be used to concentrate proteins if the pellet is redissolved in a smaller volume, and in addition often results in some degree of purification of the protein of interest. However, as mentioned above precipitation is more effective if the total protein concentration is above 100 μg/ml (see Section 6). Two-phase aqueous extraction can also be used to concentrate the protein, with an associated degree of purification (see Section 7). This is one of the simplest and quickest methods of concentrating solutions of proteins, requiring minimal apparatus. A dry matrix polymer, such as Sephadex, is added to the protein solution and allowed to absorb the water and other small molecules; the pores within the matrix are too small to allow the protein to be absorbed.