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Glassner, A. "Tricks of the trade [computer graphics]." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 21, no. 2 (2001): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.909018.
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Lasseter, John. "Tricks to animating characters with a computer." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 35, no. 2 (May 2001): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/563693.563706.
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Minovich, Alexander E., Manuel Peter, Felix Bleckmann, Manuel Becker, Stefan Linden, and Anatoly V. Zayats. "Reflective Metasurfaces for Incoherent Light To Bring Computer Graphics Tricks to Optical Systems." Nano Letters 17, no. 7 (June 19, 2017): 4189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01003.
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Singh, Gary. "An Infinite Bag of Tricks." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 31, no. 2 (March 2011): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2011.15.
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Stenvert, R. "Tips and tricks for VersaCAD beginners." Computer-Aided Design 21, no. 10 (December 1989): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4485(89)90168-1.
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Sturman, John, and Dee L. Fabry. "Teaching students the techniques and tricks to create successful multimedia projects (the easy way)." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 31, no. 3 (August 1997): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/262171.262271.
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Bingöl, Elif Naz, Ilgaz Taştekil, Cansu Yay, Nursena Keskin, and Pemra Ozbek. "How Epstein-Barr virus envelope glycoprotein gp350 tricks the CR2? A molecular dynamics study." Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling 114 (July 2022): 108196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108196.
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Lee, Charles. "Running scared: Fear and space in Amnesia: The Dark Descent." Journal of Gaming & Virtual Worlds 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgvw_00030_1.
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Popular horror video game titles such as Outlast, Dead Space, and Amnesia: The Dark Descent are well-known for their effectiveness at evoking negative affects of terror and anxiety. The various camera tricks, control schemes, and visual cues these games deploy to confuse players and limit their sense of control and personal mastery. This article examines how Frictional Games’s Amnesia: The Dark Descent pairs confined spatial layouts with an intentionally vague user interface design to disorient players and heighten the likelihood that they will walk into one of the game’s threatening monsters. This article deploys Marxist and Affect theory conceptualizations of proximity and space to analyse how the game’s use of corners frighten players by narrowing their available field of view. The resulting analysis examines the negative feelings and subjective experiences players are likely to feel when they are unable to properly see the virtual diegetic world with absolute clarity.
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Lee, Charles. "Running scared: Fear and space in Amnesia: The Dark Descent." Journal of Gaming & Virtual Worlds 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 93–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jgvw_00030_1.
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Popular horror video game titles such as Outlast, Dead Space, and Amnesia: The Dark Descent are well-known for their effectiveness at evoking negative affects of terror and anxiety. The various camera tricks, control schemes, and visual cues these games deploy to confuse players and limit their sense of control and personal mastery. This article examines how Frictional Games’s Amnesia: The Dark Descent pairs confined spatial layouts with an intentionally vague user interface design to disorient players and heighten the likelihood that they will walk into one of the game’s threatening monsters. This article deploys Marxist and Affect theory conceptualizations of proximity and space to analyse how the game’s use of corners frighten players by narrowing their available field of view. The resulting analysis examines the negative feelings and subjective experiences players are likely to feel when they are unable to properly see the virtual diegetic world with absolute clarity.
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Park, Heechun, Bon Woong Ku, Kyungwook Chang, Da Eun Shim, and Sung Kyu Lim. "Pseudo-3D Physical Design Flow for Monolithic 3D ICs: Comparisons and Enhancements." ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems 26, no. 5 (June 5, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3453480.
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Studies have shown that monolithic 3D ( M3D ) ICs outperform the existing through-silicon-via ( TSV ) -based 3D ICs in terms of power, performance, and area ( PPA ) metrics, primarily due to the orders of magnitude denser vertical interconnections offered by the nano-scale monolithic inter-tier vias. In order to facilitate faster industry adoption of the M3D technologies, physical design tools and methodologies are essential. Recent academic efforts in developing an EDA algorithm for 3D ICs, mainly targeting placement using TSVs, are inadequate to provide commercial-quality GDS layouts. Lately, pseudo-3D approaches have been devised, which utilize commercial 2D IC EDA engines with tricks that help them operate as an efficient 3D IC CAD tool. In this article, we provide thorough discussions and fair comparisons (both qualitative and quantitative) of the state-of-the-art pseudo-3D design flows, with analysis of limitations in each design flow and solutions to improve their PPA metrics. Moreover, we suggest a hybrid pseudo-3D design flow that achieves both benefits. Our enhancements and the inter-mixed design flow, provide up to an additional 26% wirelength, 10% power consumption, and 23% of power-delay-product improvements.
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Anisya, Anisya. "Grafik Penentuan Komposisi Campuran Agregat Material Pengaspalan Jalan Memanfaatkan Metode Digital Differential Analyzer (DDA)." J-SAKTI (Jurnal Sains Komputer dan Informatika) 2, no. 2 (September 25, 2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/j-sakti.v2i2.85.
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The more advanced technology can make it easier for someone to do their work. Included in it in terms of making graphics that can be done using computer assistance. Where computers can represent human work functions. This study aims to create an application graph for the determination of the composition of the aggregate mixture and provide the results of the calculation of the percentage of each aggregate and provide recommendations whether the composition of the aggregate mixture is feasible or not to be used. The results of this study are a graphical application for determining the value of the composition of the aggregate mixture. This application has been tested using DOSBox and TURBO C ++. Based on the results of these trials it can be concluded that the application of graphs to determine the value of aggregate mixture composition can be used as a tool for making graphs of aggregate mixtures and determining the value of aggregate composition and providing recommendations in the form of recommendations.
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Mason, Andrea H., and Christine L. MacKenzie. "The Role of Graphical Feedback About Self-Movement when Receiving Objects in an Augmented Environment." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 13, no. 5 (October 2004): 507–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746042545319.
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This work explored how the presence of graphical information about self-movement affected reach-to-grasp movements in an augmented environment. Twelve subjects reached to grasp objects that were passed by a partner or rested on a table surface. Graphical feedback about self-movement was available for half the trials and was removed for the other half. Results indicated that removing visual feedback about self-movement in an object-passing task dramatically affected both the receiver's movement to grasp the object and the time to transfer the object between partners. Specifically, the receiver's deceleration time, and temporal and spatial aspects of grasp formation, showed significant effects. Results also indicated that the presence of a graphic representation of self-movement had similar effects on the kinematics of reaching to grasp a stationary object on a table as for one held by a stationary or moving partner. These results suggest that performance of goal-directed movements, whether to a stationary object on a table surface or to objects being passed by a stationary or moving partner, benefits from a crude graphical representation of the finger pads. The role of providing graphic feedback about self-movement is discussed for tasks requiring precision. Implications for the use of kinematic measures in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) are also discussed.
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Larsen, Janet D. "A Computer Program Demonstrating the Effect of the Payoff Matrix on the Signal Detection Measure, Beta." Teaching of Psychology 21, no. 2 (April 1994): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top2102_15.
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The computer program described in this article demonstrates the basic concepts of signal detection theory and illustrates the effect of changes in the payoff matrix on beta, a measure of response bias. Observers attempt to identify the trials on which there was a signal in a noisy visual display. They earn or lose points for correct or incorrect answers. After three sets of 100 trials, with a different payoff matrix for each set, the program provides observers with their hit rates, false alarm rates, d' scores, and beta scores for the three sets of trials, as well as the total points they have earned for the 300 trials. The program runs on MS-DOS machines and does not require a computer with graphics capabilities.
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Thilmany, Jean. "Organ on the Wall." Mechanical Engineering 124, no. 11 (November 1, 2002): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2002-nov-2.
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This article reviews liver surgeon, Rory McCloy’s operations that are guided by a four-foot, three-dimensional virtual profile of a patient’s liver that rotates at his command on the operating room wall in front of him. Using a specially outfitted mouse and his lap top computer, McCloy can manipulate the virtual liver to find the exact location and extent of a tumor before he makes even one incision in the patient’s actual liver on the table below. The high-powered graphic are available to McCloy by remote access on his decidedly non-supercomputer, with the help of a software called OpenGL Vizserver, also from SGI, which allows the data from the supercomputer to be shifted to other computers, even much less powerful ones, via a network link. The trick in making the technology useful for the operating room lay in finding a way to manipulate the images with one hand while performing the surgery with the other of the school’s computing center.
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N, Zulkifli, Handy Ferdiansyah, and Mardhatillah Mardhatillah. "The Development of Multimedia Computer Graphics Learning in Supporting Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic." Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 5, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v5i2.2076.
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The objectives of this research were, (1) to develop a prototype of multimedia learning in Computer Graphics course, (2) to test the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of learning multimedia developed in Computer Graphics course. This research was a Research and Development (R&D) design with ADDIE model include thirty students as a sample. The procedure of this research until implementation stage. Instrument of the research was a questionnaire. Data of need analysis obtained based on the review of the exist curriculum, the characteristics of the materials and students need. The students need media that is not only in the conventional form of the file that just containing text but more than it, the media which is able to provide experience directly in the multimedia form that containing images, text, animation, and videos. The multimedia design of computer graphics learning is specifically designed from the structure, contents, menu placement, color selection, and so on to make it easier for lecturers and students. The results of this research are: (1) The results of the analysis of the data validity of the media are in the very valid category, this is obtained from the expert validation of material and media. (2) The results of the evaluation of the students' trials and the lecturers' responses to this multimedia are very practical. (3) this learning multimedia was effective as seen from the recapitulation of the pre-test and post-test learning outcomes assessment showing a significant increase in student learning scores.
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Mannarswamy, Sandya, Shruti Doval, Hariharan Sandanagobalane, and Mahesha Nanjundaiah. "TRICK." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 41, no. 12 (December 2006): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1229493.1229498.
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Shriberg, Lawrence D., Joan Kwiatkowski, and Tereza Snyder. "Articulation Testing by Microcomputer." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 51, no. 4 (November 1986): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5104.309.
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The picture naming articulation test, one of the most widely used speech assessment procedures, provides an excellent paradigm to study the potential of microcomputers with young, speech involved children. The stimulus-response format of the articulation test is structurally similar to assessment and management procedures crossing the spectrum of speech disorders. Findings from three studies comparing booklet-presented pictures to microcomputer-presented graphics indicate that microcomputers have certain control advantages in motivating children's repeated trials. However, spontaneous articulation testing by microcomputer may take more time than booklet testing if the graphics are less readily identifiable and due to associated novelty effects. Discussion of findings includes suggestions for enhancing the client-clinician-computer interface as this discipline experiences the entry of microcomputers into the speech-language clinic.
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Richard, Paul, Georges Birebent, Philippe Coiffet, Grigore Burdea, Daniel Gomez, and Noshir Langrana. "Effect of Frame Rate and Force Feedback on Virtual Object Manipulation." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 5, no. 1 (January 1996): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1996.5.1.95.
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Research on virtual environments (VE) produced significant advances in computer hardware (graphics boards and i/o tools) and software (real-time distributed simulations). However, fundamental questions remain about how user performance is affected by such factors as graphics refresh rate, resolution, control latencies, and multimodal feedback. This article reports on two experiments performed to examine dextrous manipulation of virtual objects. The first experiment studies the effect of graphics frame rate and viewing mode (monoscopic vs. stereoscopic) on the time required to grasp a moving target. The second experiment studies the effect of direct force feedback, pseudoforce feedback, and redundant force feedback on grasping force regulation. The trials were performed using a partially-immersive environment (graphics workstation and LCD glasses), a DataGlove, and the Rutgers Master with force feedback. Results of the first experiment indicate that stereoscopic viewing is beneficial for low refresh rates (it reduced task completion time by about 50% vs. monoscopic graphics). Results of the second experiment indicate that haptic feedback increases performance and reduces error rates, as compared to the open loop case (with no force feedback). The best performance was obtained when both direct haptic and redundant auditory feedback were provided to the user. The large number of subjects participating in these experiments (over 160 male and female) indicates good statistical significance for the above results.
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HABBAS, ZINEB, MICHAËL KRAJECKI, and DANIEL SINGER. "SHARED MEMORY IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTRAINT SATISFACTION PROBLEM RESOLUTION." Parallel Processing Letters 11, no. 04 (December 2001): 487–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626401000749.
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Many problems in Computer Science, especially in Artificial Intelligence, can be formulated as Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP). This paper presents a parallel implementation of the Forward-Checking algorithm for solving a binary CSP over finite domains. Its main contribution is to use a simple decomposition strategy in order to distribute dynamically the search tree among machines. The feasibility and benefit of this approach are studied for a Shared Memory model. An implementation is drafted using the new emergent standard OpenMP library for shared memory, thus controlling load balancing. We mainly highlight satisfactory efficiencies without using any tricky load balancing policy. All the experiments were carried out running on the Sillicon Graphics Origin 2000 parallel machine.
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Frigola, Manel, Manuel Vinagre, Alicia Casals, Josep Amat, Fernando Santana, and Carlos Torrens. "Robotics as a Support Tool for Experimental Optimisation of Surgical Strategies in Orthopaedic Surgery." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 7, no. 3 (2010): 231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/436038.
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Robotics has shown its potential not only in assisting the surgeon during an intervention but also as a tool for training and for surgical procedure's evaluation. Thus, robotics can constitute an extension of simulators that are based on the high capabilities of computer graphics. In addition, haptics has taken a first step in increasing the performance of current virtual reality systems based uniquely on computer simulation and their corresponding interface devices. As a further step in the field of training and learning in surgery, this work describes a robotic experimental workstation composed of robots and specific measuring devices, together with their corresponding control and monitoring strategies for orthopaedic surgery. Through a case study, humerus arthroplasty, experimental evaluation shows the possibilities of having a test bed available for repetitive and quantifiable trials, which make a reliable scientific comparison between different surgical strategies possible.
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Kitagaki, Kosei, and Marasu Uchiyama. "Robot Control System ARS/A for Research." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 2, no. 5 (October 20, 1990): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1990.p0404.
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This paper presents an open architecture robot control system for lower level manipulator control such as motion control or force control. Basically, the system consists of three elements: an industrial robot manipulator called A-HAND, a servo computer with the motor driver units, and a host computer. The system is called ARS/A (Aoba Robot System for A-HAND). The robot and the servo computer are regarded as an independent robotic module with a standard interface to the host computer, from which it accepts a set of real time commands to control the robot. Any computer having an interface may be connected to the robotic module as a host computer. To design the set of real time commands is a crucial issue because it determines the capability and flexibility of the robot system. This paper proposes a set of real time commands which are needed for lower level control experiments. The set was found through trials. A real time monitor called MOS/A (Motor Operating System for A-HAND) to process the commands to control the robot are implemented on the servo computer. The MOS commands are defined as functions of a C language on the host computer. The C language is called ARC/A (Aoba Robot C Language for A-HAND) to have other robot control utility functions such as graphic simulation functions as well as the MOS functions. Sample programs show that ARC/A is an efficient programming tool for lower level control.
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Fan, Yingjing. "Multi-Tone Piano Transcription Based on Visualization and Knowledge Recognition Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 30, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6244225.
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Scientific computing visualization is also known as visualization. In an academic sense, visualization is a way of computing. It can convert data into intuitive geometric images, making it easier to understand. Visualization is the use of computer graphics and image processing techniques. It is a technical means to convert piles of seemingly disorganized data into graphics or images through special computer methods. Recording is the process of recording sound signals on a medium. Specifically, it is the process of converting sound into electrical signals through microphones and amplifiers and recording them with different materials and techniques. Piano tuning is the adjustment of the strings so that they reach a certain high pitch. This paper aims to study the analysis and evaluation of multi-tone piano transcriptions based on scientific computing visualization and knowledge recognition algorithms. It expects to improve the quality of piano recording with the support of scientific visualization technology and knowledge recognition algorithm. This paper briefly explains the big data, and on this basis, the visual data mining technology is mentioned, and the current situation in the visual data mining is explained. A matrix calculation of the characteristic matrix of piano timbres was carried out to achieve the resynthesis of the 25th harmony in piano timbres electronically. The results of the trials in this article demonstrate that when the Gaussian number changes to 5 during the recording process, the difference that exists of the acoustic voltage intensity and the noise level phase is clearly diminished. When the Gauss figure is 10, there is an inversion of the value of the sound pressure phase.
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Tse, William T., Kevin K. Duh, and Morris Kletzel. "A Low-Cost, Open-Source Informatics Framework for Clinical Trials and Outcomes Research." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4763.4763.
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Abstract Abstract 4763 Data collection and analysis in clinical studies in hematology often require the use of specialized databases, which demand extensive information technology (IT) support and are expensive to maintain. With the goal of reducing the cost of clinical trials and promoting outcomes research, we have devised a new informatics framework that is low-cost, low-maintenance, and adaptable to both small- and large-scale clinical studies. This framework is based on the idea that most clinical data are hierarchical in nature: a clinical protocol typically entails the creation of sequential patient files, each of which documents multiple encounters, during which clinical events and data are captured and tagged for later retrieval and analysis. These hierarchical trees of clinical data can be easily stored in a hypertext mark-up language (HTML) document format, which is designed to represent similar hierarchical data on web pages. In this framework, the stored clinical data will be structured according to a web standard called Document Object Model (DOM), for which powerful informatics techniques have been developed to allow efficient retrieval and collation of data from the HTML documents. The proposed framework has many potential advantages. The data will be stored in plain text files in the HTML format, which is both human and machine readable, hence facilitating data exchange between collaborative groups. The framework requires only a regular web browser to function, thereby easing its adoption in multiple institutions. There will be no need to set up or maintain a relational database for data storage, thus minimizing data fragmentation and reducing the demand for IT support. Data entry and analysis will be performed mostly on the client computer, requiring the use of a backend server only for central data storage. Utility programs for data management and manipulation will be written in Javascript and JQuery, computer languages that are free, open-source and easy to maintain. Data can be captured, retrieved, and analyzed on different devices, including desktop computers, tablets or smart phones. Encryption and password protection can be applied in document storage and data transmission to ensure data security and HIPPA compliance. In a pilot project to implement and test this informatics framework, we designed prototype programming modules to perform individual tasks commonly encountered in clinical data management. The functionalities of these modules included user-interface creation, patient data entry and retrieval, visualization and analysis of aggregate results, and exporting and reporting of extracted data. These modules were used to access simulated clinical data stored in a remote server, employing standard web browsers available on all desktop computers and mobile devices. To test the capability of these modules, benchmark tests were performed. Simulated datasets of complete patient records, each with 1000 data items, were created and stored in the remote server. Data were retrieved via the web using a gzip compressed format. Retrieval of 100, 300, 1000 such records took only 1.01, 2.45, and 6.67 seconds using a desktop computer via a broadband connection, or 3.67, 11.39, and 30.23 seconds using a tablet computer via a 3G connection. Filtering of specific data from the retrieved records was equally speedy. Automated extraction of relevant data from 300 complete records for a two-sample t-test analysis took 1.97 seconds. A similar extraction of data for a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis took 4.19 seconds. The program allowed the data to be presented separately for individual patients or in aggregation for different clinical subgroups. A user-friendly interface enabled viewing of the data in either tabular or graphical forms. Incorporation of a new web browser technique permitted caching of the entire dataset locally for off-line access and analysis. Adaptable programming allowed efficient export of data in different formats for regulatory reporting purposes. Once the system was set up, no further intervention from IT department was necessary. In summary, we have designed and implemented a prototype of a new informatics framework for clinical data management, which should be low-cost and highly adaptable to various types of clinical studies. Field-testing of this framework in real-life clinical studies will be the next step to demonstrate its effectiveness and potential benefits. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Ruggieri, Andrea, Francesco Stranieri, Fabio Stella, and Marco Scutari. "Hard and Soft EM in Bayesian Network Learning from Incomplete Data." Algorithms 13, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a13120329.
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Incomplete data are a common feature in many domains, from clinical trials to industrial applications. Bayesian networks (BNs) are often used in these domains because of their graphical and causal interpretations. BN parameter learning from incomplete data is usually implemented with the Expectation-Maximisation algorithm (EM), which computes the relevant sufficient statistics (“soft EM”) using belief propagation. Similarly, the Structural Expectation-Maximisation algorithm (Structural EM) learns the network structure of the BN from those sufficient statistics using algorithms designed for complete data. However, practical implementations of parameter and structure learning often impute missing data (“hard EM”) to compute sufficient statistics instead of using belief propagation, for both ease of implementation and computational speed. In this paper, we investigate the question: what is the impact of using imputation instead of belief propagation on the quality of the resulting BNs? From a simulation study using synthetic data and reference BNs, we find that it is possible to recommend one approach over the other in several scenarios based on the characteristics of the data. We then use this information to build a simple decision tree to guide practitioners in choosing the EM algorithm best suited to their problem.
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Dyke, G. V., P. W. Lane, and J. F. Jenkyn. "Sensitivity (Stability) Analysis of Multiple Variety Trials, with Special Reference to Data Expressed as Proportions or Percentages." Experimental Agriculture 31, no. 1 (January 1995): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700025035.
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SummaryThe literature on ‘stability analysis’, which is better called ‘sensitivity analysis’, leaves much to be desired. This paper attempts to clarify the issues, particularly the effect of the non-linearity of the standard model relating variety yields to mean yields over sites. The model is extended from its original applications in the analysis of crop yields to the analysis of measurements that cannot be considered Normally distributed, such as disease assessments expressed as percentages or proportions. Modern computer software offers a method that is theoretically sound and can be applied routinely to data of many different distributional types. Graphical methods of displaying the results of the analysis of non-Normal data are discussed.Análisis de la sensibilidad de ensayos con variedades
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Havard, Peter, Leonard J. Eaton, and Peter R. Hicklenton. "Computer Controlled Portable Frost Simulator for Field Studies of Frost Effects on Wild Blueberries." HortTechnology 13, no. 4 (January 2003): 628–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.4.0628.
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Two commercial freezers were modified to provide an inexpensive chamber system to investigate frost effects on wild, lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium) under field conditions. A computer control system was developed with software written in Visual Basic 6.0 for MSWindows, which precisely controlled temperature in the plant canopy when the chambers were placed over blueberry plants in the field. Frost events (with temperatures ranging from -2 to -15 °C (28.4 to 5.0 °F)) were simulated by user input to control the cooling and warming rates, and minimum temperatures. The system records temperature set points, and current temperature in the plant canopy, or elsewhere in the plant environment, and provides a graphical display of key parameters. Trials have verified the reproducability of temperature profiles and the chambers have been used to provide preliminary information on the effects of frost at bloom on fruit set and development.
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Ligetti, Christopher, Timothy W. Simpson, Mary Frecker, Russell R. Barton, and Gary Stump. "Assessing the Impact of Graphical Design Interfaces on Design Efficiency and Effectiveness." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1583757.
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Despite the apparent advantages of and recent advances in the use of visualization in engineering design and optimization, we have found little evidence in the engineering literature that assesses the impact of fast, graphical design interfaces on the efficiency and effectiveness of engineering design decisions or the design optimization process. In this paper we discuss two examples—the design of an I-beam and the design of a desk lamp—for which we have developed graphical and text-based design interfaces to assess the impact of having fast graphical feedback on design efficiency and effectiveness. Design efficiency is measured by recording the completion time for each design task, and design effectiveness is measured by calculating the error between each submitted design and the known optimal design. The impact of graphical feedback is examined by comparing user performance on the graphical and text-based design interfaces while the importance of rapid feedback is investigated by comparing user performance when response delays are introduced within each design interface. Experimental results indicate that users of graphical design interfaces perform better (i.e., have lower error and faster completion time) on average than those using text-based design interfaces, but these differences are not statistically significant. Likewise, we found that a response delay of 0.5 seconds increases error and task completion time, on average, but these increases are not always statistically significant. Trials using longer delays of 1.5 seconds did yield significant increases in task completion time. We also found that the perceived difficulty of the design task and using the graphical interface controls were inversely correlated with design effectiveness—designers who rated the task more difficult to solve or the graphical interface more difficult to use actually performed better than those who rated them easy. Finally, a significant “playing” effect was observed in our experiments: those who played video games more frequently or rated the slider bars and zoom controls easy to use took more time to complete the design tasks.
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Linden, Anthony. "Obtaining the best results: aspects of data collection, model finalization and interpretation of results in small-molecule crystal-structure determination." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 76, no. 6 (May 1, 2020): 765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989020005368.
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In small-molecule single-crystal structure determination, we now have at our disposal an inspiring range of fantastic diffractometers with better, brighter sources, and faster, more sensitive detectors. Faster and more powerful computers provide integrated tools and software with impressive graphical user interfaces. Yet these tools can lead to the temptation not to check the work thoroughly and one can too easily overlook tell-tale signs that something might be amiss in a structure determination; validation with checkCIF is not always revealing. This article aims to encourage practitioners, young and seasoned, by enhancing their structure-determination toolboxes with a selection of tips and tricks on recognizing and handling aspects that one should constantly be aware of. Topics include a pitfall when setting up data collections, the usefulness of reciprocal lattice layer images, processing twinned data, tips for disorder modelling and the use of restraints, ensuring hydrogen atoms are added to a model correctly, validation beyond checkCIF, and the derivation and interpretation of the final results.
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Whelan, T. J., A. Gafni, J. Julian, R. J. Sebaldt, R. Tozer, B. Heller, P. Ellis, N. Hodgson, S. Mukherjee, and M. N. Levine. "A randomized trial of computer and pamphlet-based versions of the Decision Board (DB)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 6508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6508.
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6508 Background: Many women with breast cancer want to be involved in treatment decision making. The DB is a visual aid poster board which sequentially presents written and graphical information from clinical trials regarding treatment options for early breast cancer. The physician presents the DB to the patient during the consultation. Randomized trials have demonstrated that the standard version of the DB improves patient comprehension, satisfaction and comfort with decision making. The standard DB is cumbersome to use and hard to update. Computer based instruments are attractive as they provide more flexibility in presenting information, and can be easily updated and accessed via the Internet. On the other hand pamphlet based versions may be easier to use. We developed computer versions of the DB for breast cancer surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy options using a Windows type format. Pamphlet versions were also developed. The objective of this study was to compare the computer and pamphlet versions of the DB to the proven standard version. Methods: 309 women were randomized to the physician consultation plus the standard (105), computer (103) or pamphlet (101) versions of the DB. Patients were stratified according to type of decision: surgical treatment or adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were evaluated following the consultation for their knowledge about the breast cancer treatments offered, decisional conflict, and satisfaction with preparation for decision making using established validated instruments. Usefulness of the instrument for the patient and physician was also assessed. Results: Study outcomes were similar between the three versions of the DB ( Table ). Usefulness of the instrument for the patient and physician was also similar for the different versions. Conclusions: The different versions of the DB appeared equally effective in facilitating shared decision making. Physicians and patients now have the option of choosing which instrument best suits their needs. Such versatility may encourage wider use of the DB. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
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Bahlol, Haitham Y., Abhilash K. Chandel, Gwen-Alyn Hoheisel, and Lav R. Khot. "Smart Spray Analytical System for Orchard Sprayer Calibration: A-Proof-of-Concept and Preliminary Results." Transactions of the ASABE 63, no. 1 (2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13196.
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Abstract. Efficient chemical spray applications are vital to reduce off-target drift, economic losses to tree fruit growers, and negative environmental impacts. It is thus important to adequately calibrate and adjust orchard sprayers for intended applications. This technical note describes the design, prototyping, and field evaluation of a sensor-based smart spray analytical system (SSAS). The SSAS is equipped with units for spray capturing and volumetric quantification, air-assist velocity measurement, system actuation and control, and data acquisition and wireless transmission. The spray liquid and air-assist velocity quantification units are assembled on a custom-made mobile frame for vertical stop-and-go movement to provide measurements at eight distinct sampling heights above ground level. The data acquisition and transmission units autonomously log the data on-board and transmit wirelessly to a receiving computer with time and height stamps for real-time graphical visualization. All these autonomous processes are guided by a custom programmable single-board computer. The SSAS was preliminarily evaluated for spray liquid and air-assist velocity pattern assessment of an air-assisted orchard sprayer in four sets of spray trials. An average spray liquid recovery of 14.03% and pertinent coefficient of variation (CV) of 10.73% were observed. An average CV of 11.93% was observed in the air-assist velocity patterns. Overall, the SSAS provided measurements within acceptable ranges of variation. This system can thus minimize the experimental errors, time, and efforts involved in conventional assessments of sprayer attributes, thereby providing a reliable solution for orchard sprayer calibration and adjustment. Keywords: Air-assist velocity pattern, Airblast sprayer calibration, Data storage and transmission, Graphical visualization, Smart spray analytical system, Spray liquid pattern.
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Roka, Yam Bahadur. "Plagiarism: Types, Causes and How to Avoid This Worldwide Problem." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 14, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v14i3.20517.
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Publication in medical journals are important to help humans towards a healthier future and to disseminate knowledge regarding the pros and cons of any disease, treatment, drugs, research or other medical issues.There are many ways in which misconduct in medical research can be defined and the presence of thousands of journals worldwide and ease of access of these articles across the globe has not led to any common name to define this problem. There are many reasons for plagiarism starting from individual and not limiting to institutions, journals, textbooks, research funding agencies or international trials. Previously the only method to detect plagiarism was the ability/experience of the editor or reviewer to detect copies from the original. Newer and more sophisticated computer methods that analyze lexical, syntactic, and semantic features, tracking of paraphrasing, citation based detection, analyzing the graphics, cross language text borrowing by non-English speakers and copying of references will aid to detect plagiarism. Retraction of the article, blacklisting of the author with or without institution and expulsion from the institute, criminal charges, apology letter are some of the penalties for plagiarism.Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 14, Number 3, 2017, page: 2-6
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Ravdin, Peter M., Laura A. Siminoff, Greg J. Davis, Mary Beth Mercer, Joan Hewlett, Nancy Gerson, and Helen L. Parker. "Computer Program to Assist in Making Decisions About Adjuvant Therapy for Women With Early Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 19, no. 4 (February 15, 2001): 980–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2001.19.4.980.
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PURPOSE: The goal of the computer program Adjuvant! is to allow health professionals and their patients with early breast cancer to make more informed decisions about adjuvant therapy. METHODS: Actuarial analysis was used to project outcomes of patients with and without adjuvant therapy based on estimates of prognosis largely derived from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results data and estimates of the efficacy of adjuvant therapy based on the 1998 overviews of randomized trials of adjuvant therapy. These estimates can be refined using the Prognostic Factor Impact Calculator, which uses a Bayesian method to make adjustments based on relative risks conferred and prevalence of positive test results. RESULTS: From the entries of patient information (age, menopausal status, comorbidity estimate) and tumor staging and characteristics (tumor size, number of positive axillary nodes, estrogen receptor status), baseline prognostic estimates are made. Estimates for the efficacy of endocrine therapy (5 years of tamoxifen) and of polychemotherapy (cyclophosphamide/methotrexate/fluorouracil–like regimens, or anthracycline-based therapy, or therapy based on both an anthracycline and a taxane) can then be used to project outcomes presented in both numerical and graphical formats. Outcomes for overall survival and disease-free survival and the improvement seen in clinical trials, are reasonably modeled by Adjuvant!, although an ideal validation for all patient subsets with all treatment options is not possible. Additional speculative estimates of years of remaining life expectancy and long-term survival curves can also be produced. Help files supply general information about breast cancer. The program’s Internet links supply national treatment guidelines, cooperative group trial options, and other related information. CONCLUSION: The computer program Adjuvant! can play practical and educational roles in clinical settings.
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Burdea, Grigore, Sonal Deshpande, Noshir Langrana, Daniel Gomez, and Biao Liu. "A Virtual Reality-Based System for Hand Diagnosis and Rehabilitation." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 6, no. 2 (April 1997): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1997.6.2.229.
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This article describes a new and unified approach to computerized hand diagnosis and rehabilitation. The system uses a workstation to automate diagnosis data collection and analysis and to assess the rehabilitation progress. A new diagnosis glove was developed and tested. This device measures grasping forces applied to 16 regions of the hand. A physician using this system can also utilize modern diagnosis devices such as electronic dynamometer, pinchmeter, and goniometer. Additionally, three VR rehabilitation exercises were created using WorldToolKit graphics library and run on the same workstation. These exercises were modeled after standard hand rehabilitation procedures and involve manipulation of virtual objects and transparent real-time data gathering. Grasping forces were modeled and fed back using the Rutgers Master worn on the patient's hand. An Oracle database was used to store, analyze, and integrate the patient's diagnosis and rehabilitation data. The system is presently undergoing clinical trials.
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Brueck, Andrew, Kyle Bates, Trent Wood, William House, Zackary Martinez, Shannon Peters, Blain Root, Kumar Yelamarthi, and Tolga Kaya. "An Artificial Sweating System for Sweat Sensor Testing Applications." Electronics 8, no. 6 (May 30, 2019): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060606.
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This research proposes a completely automated, computer-controlled fluid mixing and dispensing system, which is suitable for testing sweat sensing devices, as an alternative to requiring human trials during the development phase of a sweat sensor device. An arm mold was designed and implemented with dragon skin and pores to simulate sweating action. The relay controlled mixing tanks allow for the different concentration of fluid solutions at various rates of fluid dispensing through pores. The onboard single board computer controls a dozen electronic relays and it switches and presents an easy to use graphical user interface to allow end users to conduct the experiments with ease and not require further programming. With the recent advances in sweat sensors, this platform offers a unique way of testing sensing devices during development, allowing for researchers to focus on their design parameters one at a time before actual validation through human trials are conducted. The current device can provide sweat rates from 1 µL/min to 500 µL/min. Furthermore, concentrations of 10 mM up to 200 mM of salt concentrations were able to be repeatedly produced. In an ANOVA test with salt concentrations varying from 40–60 mM, a p-value of 0.365 shows that the concentration does not have any effect on the flow rate. Similarly, a p-value of 0.329 and 0.167 for different relative humidity and temperature shows that the system does not present a statistical difference. Lastly, when the interactions among all the factors were considered, a p-value of 0.416 clearly presents that the system performance is insensitive to different factors, thus validating the system reliability.
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Kancler, David E., Glen C. Robbins, William F. Moroney, and David W. Biers. "The Effects of Tool Type and Barrier on Time Required for a Remove and Replace Task." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 10 (October 1992): 717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129203601016.
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The Air Force's CREW CHIEF is a computer-graphics model of the physical characteristics of a maintenance technician. It is used to evaluate the ability of maintenance personnel to work in areas with respect to arm reach, operation of hand tools, strength available for torquing with wrenches, strength for manual materials handling, vision analysis, and accessibility analysis. A new CREW CHIEF feature under development is the Task Time Estimator, which will predict the time required to perform a remove/replace task in an obstructed environment. The goal of this experiment was to gather time to completion data and determine the effect of different tool type combinations. The task, performed while standing erect in a simulated work area, was to remove and replace a flange coupling while reaching through a six by eight inch opening. On half of the trials a barrier was positioned so as to restrict hand and tool movement. On the other half of the trials, no barrier was used. Thirty subjects, representative of USAF personnel, were divided into five groups, each of which utilized a different combination of wrenches (ratchet/box, box/box, box/open, open/box, and open/open). The ratchet/box and box/box tool combination resulted in the fastest completion times. The open/box combination resulted in intermediate completion times, while the box/open and open/open conditions produced the slowest completion times. Barrier presence increased the time required to complete both tasks and removal took less time than installation. Several noteworthy interactions and implications regarding tool selection are discussed.
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Norman, Sally Jane, Sian E. M. Lawson, Patrick Olivier, Paul Watson, Anita M. A. Chan, Martyn Dade-Robertson, Paul Dunphy, et al. "AMUC: Associated Motion capture User Categories." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1898 (July 13, 2009): 2771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0030.
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The AMUC (Associated Motion capture User Categories) project consisted of building a prototype sketch retrieval client for exploring motion capture archives. High-dimensional datasets reflect the dynamic process of motion capture and comprise high-rate sampled data of a performer's joint angles; in response to multiple query criteria, these data can potentially yield different kinds of information. The AMUC prototype harnesses graphic input via an electronic tablet as a query mechanism, time and position signals obtained from the sketch being mapped to the properties of data streams stored in the motion capture repository. As well as proposing a pragmatic solution for exploring motion capture datasets, the project demonstrates the conceptual value of iterative prototyping in innovative interdisciplinary design. The AMUC team was composed of live performance practitioners and theorists conversant with a variety of movement techniques, bioengineers who recorded and processed motion data for integration into the retrieval tool, and computer scientists who designed and implemented the retrieval system and server architecture, scoped for Grid-based applications. Creative input on information system design and navigation, and digital image processing, underpinned implementation of the prototype, which has undergone preliminary trials with diverse users, allowing identification of rich potential development areas.
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Al-Tamimi, Mohammed Sabbih Hamoud. "Hybrid Methodology for Image Segmentation Based on Active Contour Module and Alpha-Shape Theory." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 11 (July 16, 2016): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n11p30.
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The concept of the active contour model has been extensively utilized in the segmentation and analysis of images. This technology has been effectively employed in identifying the contours in object recognition, computer graphics and vision, biomedical processing of images that is normal images or medical images such as Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI), X-rays, plus Ultrasound imaging. Three colleagues, Kass, Witkin and Terzopoulos developed this energy, lessening “Active Contour Models” (equally identified as Snake) back in 1987. Being curved in nature, snakes are characterized in an image field and are capable of being set in motion by external and internal forces within image data and the curve itself in that order. The present study proposes the use of a hybrid image segmentation technique to acquire precise segmentation outcomes, while engaging “Alpha Shape (α-Shape)” in supposition to derive the original contour, followed by a refining process through engaging a conventional active contour model. Empirical results show high potential in the suggested computational method. Trials indicate that the primary contour is capable of being precisely set next to the objective contour and effectively have these objective contours extracted, devoid of any contour instigation. Some of the benefits associated with the novel hybrid contour include minimized cost of computation, enhanced anti-jamming capability, as well as enlarged utilization array of snake model.
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Smithson, H. E., and T. Morimoto. "Surface color under environmental illumination." London Imaging Meeting 2020, no. 1 (September 29, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2694-118x.2020.lim-44.
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Objects in real three-dimensional environments receive illumination from all directions, characterized in computer graphics by an environmental illumination map. The spectral content of this illumination can vary widely with direction [1], which means that the computational task of recovering surface color under environmental illumination cannot be reduced to correction for a single illuminant. We report the performance of human observers in selecting a target surface color from three distractors, one rendered under the same environmental illumination as the target, and two rendered under a different environmental illumination. Surface colors were selected such that, in the vast majority of trials, observers could identify the environment that contained non-identical surface colors, and color constancy performance was analyzed as the percentage of correct choices between the remaining two surfaces. The target and distractor objects were either matte or glossy and presented either with surrounding context or in a dark void. Mean performance ranged from 70% to 80%. There was a significant improvement in the presence of context, but no difference for matte and glossy stimuli, and no interaction between gloss and context. Analysis of trial-by-trial responses showed a dependence on the statistical properties of previously viewed images. Such analyses provide a means of investigating mechanisms that depend on environmental features, and not only on the properties of the instantaneous proximal image.
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Greenhalgh, Chris, Adrian Bullock, Emmanuel Frécon, David Lloyd, and Anthony Steed. "Making Networked Virtual Environments Work." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 10, no. 2 (April 2001): 142–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105474601750216777.
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Collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) are a promising technology enabling remote participants to share a common place through three-dimensional graphical scenes. Within the COVEN project (Normand, 1999), we have run prolonged series of Internet trials that have allowed us to gather valuable data to formulate usability guidelines and networking requirements. However, running such trials in a real setting and making sure that the application and networking infrastructures will be stable enough is still a challenge. In this paper, we describe some of our experiences, together with the technical choices that have permitted many hours of successful Internet trials. We also make a thorough analysis of different correlated logging data. This analysis allows us to propose and confirm a model of a CVE application's network behavior, together with a number of interesting results that disprove some common assumptions. Furthermore, we use the model and the logging data to highlight the benefits of IP multicasting and for predicting traffic behaviors and bandwidth use on top of different logical network topologies.
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Achanccaray, David, Shin-Ichi Izumi, and Mitsuhiro Hayashibe. "Visual-Electrotactile Stimulation Feedback to Improve Immersive Brain-Computer Interface Based on Hand Motor Imagery." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (February 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8832686.
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In the aging society, the number of people suffering from vascular disorders is rapidly increasing and has become a social problem. The death rate due to stroke, which is the second leading cause of global mortality, has increased by 40% in the last two decades. Stroke can also cause paralysis. Of late, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been garnering attention in the rehabilitation field as assistive technology. A BCI for the motor rehabilitation of patients with paralysis promotes neural plasticity, when subjects perform motor imagery (MI). Feedback, such as visual and proprioceptive, influences brain rhythm modulation to contribute to MI learning and motor function restoration. Also, virtual reality (VR) can provide powerful graphical options to enhance feedback visualization. This work aimed to improve immersive VR-BCI based on hand MI, using visual-electrotactile stimulation feedback instead of visual feedback. The MI tasks include grasping, flexion/extension, and their random combination. Moreover, the subjects answered a system perception questionnaire after the experiments. The proposed system was evaluated with twenty able-bodied subjects. Visual-electrotactile feedback improved the mean classification accuracy for the grasping (93.00% ± 3.50%) and flexion/extension (95.00% ± 5.27%) MI tasks. Additionally, the subjects achieved an acceptable mean classification accuracy (maximum of 86.5% ± 5.80%) for the random MI task, which required more concentration. The proprioceptive feedback maintained lower mean power spectral density in all channels and higher attention levels than those of visual feedback during the test trials for the grasping and flexion/extension MI tasks. Also, this feedback generated greater relative power in the μ -band for the premotor cortex, which indicated better MI preparation. Thus, electrotactile stimulation along with visual feedback enhanced the immersive VR-BCI classification accuracy by 5.5% and 4.5% for the grasping and flexion/extension MI tasks, respectively, retained the subject’s attention, and eased MI better than visual feedback alone.
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ADACHI, D. "Refined Computations for Points of the Form 2kP Based on Montgomery Trick." IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences E89-A, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ietfec/e89-a.1.334.
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Roc, Anne, Wendy Turell, and Karen Demairo. "Patient beliefs and behaviors concerning clinical trials for blood cancers: Outcomes from live-online education." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.226.
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226 Background: Finding a clinical trial can be overwhelming for patients and caregivers, generating more questions than answers. The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS) and PlatformQ Health produced a live-online education activity for patients and caregivers to elevate knowledge of clinical trials and competency discussing the topic with their healthcare providers (HCPs). Methods: A 1-hour web-based education launched on April 18, 2018 and made available on-demand for 18 months on www.cancercoachlive.com and www.LLS.org . Topics included the role and benefits of clinical trials for blood cancers, when it is a viable option, and LLS resources. The program featured a MD, LLS clinical trial navigator, patient and caregiver as speakers, and patient-friendly graphics, videos, slides, interactive polling, and live Q&A. Knowledge questions were administered at 3 time points (pre-, immediate post-, 2 mos. post). Responses from these questions, live polls and Q&A were analyzed to determine engagement, lessons learned, and continuing gaps. McNemar test compared matched pair responses (pre/post & pre/2 mos.). Effect size was computed using Cohen’s d. Results: As of May 2019, 1,040 learners participated in the education. At 2 mos. follow-up, 63% reported feeling more in control of their health care decisions, 47% stated they were more willing to participate in a clinical trial, 42% reported the education had a positive impact on communication with their HCPs about clinical trials, and 31% stated their health-related behavior had improved (n = 107, 103, 111, 103). 65 qualitative written entries were shared by learners as examples of feeling more “in control” of their health care decisions. Data from 4 knowledge questions all showed improvements over baseline at both posttest points, with an average pre to post effect size of d = 0.349. Conclusions: Education on clinical trials for patients and caregivers affected by blood cancers, including breaking down barriers of misinformation and fear, can lead to changes in understanding of the benefits and trustworthiness of clinical trials. Interactive live-online education can be a strong tool in reaching patients and caregivers who could benefit from clinical trials.
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Yang, Rui, Haoran Zuo, Shusheng Han, Xiaoping Zhang, and Qian Zhang. "Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Children with Cerebral Palsy under Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network Image Segmentation Model Combined with Three-Dimensional Cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (November 10, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1822776.
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In this paper, we analyzed the application value and effect of deep learn-based image segmentation model of convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm combined with 3D brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosis of cerebral palsy in children. 3D brain model was segmented based on CNN algorithm to obtain the segmented MRI images of brain tissue, and the validity was verified. Then, 70 children with cerebral palsy were rolled into the observation group (n = 35), which received MRI for diagnosis after segmentation of brain tissue, and control group (n = 35), which were diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). The diagnosis results of the two groups were compared. The validity experiment verified that the image segmentation method based on CNN algorithm can obtain effective style graphics. In clinical trials, the diagnostic accuracy of 88.6% in the observation group was evidently superior to that of 80% in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). In the observation group, one patient was diagnosed as normal, four patients had white matter lesions, 17 patients had corpus callosum lesions, and five patients had basal ganglia softening foci. In the control group, two patients were diagnosed as normal, two patients had white matter lesions, 19 patients had corpus callosum lesions, and four patients had basal ganglia softening foci. No notable difference was found between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). According to the research results, in the diagnosis of cerebral palsy in children, the image segmentation of brain 3D model based on CNN to obtain the MRI image of segmented brain tissue can effectively improve the detection accuracy. Moreover, the specific symptoms can be diagnosed clearly. It can provide the corresponding diagnostic basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment and was worthy of clinical promotion.
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Heinzel, Tincuta, Hillevi Munthe, Teresa Almeida, Corina Andor, Anca Badut, Camille Baker, Anna Biro, et al. "Attempts, Failures, Trials and Errors. Notes on an exhibition of failed prototypes and rejected projects." Design Journal 22, sup1 (April 1, 2019): 1941–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2019.1594951.
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Athanaileas, Theodoros, Andreas Menychtas, Dimitra Dionysiou, Dimosthenis Kyriazis, Dimitra Kaklamani, Theodora Varvarigou, Nikolaos Uzunoglu, and Georgios Stamatakos. "Exploiting grid technologies for the simulation of clinical trials: the paradigm of in silico radiation oncology." SIMULATION 87, no. 10 (July 9, 2010): 893–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549710375437.
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Mlinar, John R., and Arthur G. Erdman. "An Update on M- and K-Circle Theory for Planar Dyads and Triads." Journal of Mechanical Design 127, no. 3 (July 5, 2004): 464–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1864113.
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M and K circles are solution loci for three design positions of a dyad when one design angle is varied. This paper updates M- and K-circle theory through a geometric explanation of why regions without solutions, known as forbidden regions, exist for the case of path generation with prescribed timing and not for the case of motion generation. The extension of M-K circle theory to the linear solution of triads is also presented. This work presents the finding of circular solution curves for the linear solution of triads along with the conditions for forbidden regions.
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Coleman, Ron. "Fractal Analysis of Stealthy Pathfinding Aesthetics." International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/670459.
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This paper uses a fractal model to analyze aesthetic values of a new class of obstacle-prone or “stealthy” pathfinding which seeks to avoid detection, exposure, openness, and so forth in videogames. This study is important since in general the artificial intelligence literature has given relatively little attention to aesthetic outcomes in pathfinding. The data we report, according to the fractal model, suggests that stealthy paths are statistically significantly unique in relative aesthetic value when compared to control paths. We show furthermore that paths generated with different stealth regimes are also statistically significantly unique. These conclusions are supported by statistical analysis of model results on experimental trials involving pathfinding in randomly generated, multiroom virtual worlds.
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Guntermann, Edgar, and Mariela Tovar. "Collaborative Problem-Solving with Logo: Effects of Group Size and Group Composition." Journal of Educational Computing Research 3, no. 3 (August 1987): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/g21q-t0db-dddq-11ur.
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This study investigated productivity in individuals versus groups of two or three as well as the interaction processes underlying differences between dyads and triads and differences between male, female or mixed groups learning LOGO on microcomputers. Thirty-six students aged ten learned LOGO individually or in groups of two or three for one session, had a practice session, then were required to produce a graphic in LOGO for the experimental session. No differences were found between individuals and groups, in terms of productivity. Group interaction (as measured by the Bales Interaction Process Analysis [1], was found to be similar in two and three person groups. However, significant ( p < .05) differences were observed among male, female, and mixed groups. The direction of these differences were as follows: males displayed more solidarity than females or mixed groups, the female group members were much more likely to express agreement with their peers than were members of the males group. There was also more asking of information in the male groups than the female groups. Finally, males expressed much more antagonism than females or mixed groups. These results are discussed in light of previous studies in this area.
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Bespalov and, Dmitriy, Ali Shokoufandeh, William C. Regli, and Wei Sun. "Scale-Space Representation and Classification of 3D Models." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1633576.
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This paper presents a framework for shape matching and classification through scale-space decomposition of 3D models. The algorithm is based on recent developments in efficient hierarchical decomposition of a point distribution in metric space p,d using its spectral properties. Through spectral decomposition, we reduce the problem of matching to that of computing a mapping and distance measure between vertex-labeled rooted trees. We use a dynamic programming scheme to compute distances between trees corresponding to solid models. Empirical evaluation of the algorithm on an extensive set of 3D matching trials demonstrates both robustness and efficiency of the overall approach. Lastly, a technique for comparing shape matchers and classifiers is introduced and the scale-space method is compared with six other known shape matching algorithms.
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Recio, Tomás, Rafael Losada, Zoltán Kovács, and Carlos Ueno. "Discovering Geometric Inequalities: The Concourse of GeoGebra Discovery, Dynamic Coloring and Maple Tools." Mathematics 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2021): 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9202548.
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Recently developed GeoGebra tools for the automated deduction and discovery of geometric statements combine in a unique way computational (real and complex) algebraic geometry algorithms and graphic features for the introduction and visualization of geometric statements. In our paper we will explore the capabilities and limitations of these new tools, through the case study of a classic geometric inequality, showing how to overcome, by means of a double approach, the difficulties that might arise attempting to ‘discover’ it automatically. On the one hand, through the introduction of the dynamic color scanning method, which allows to visualize on GeoGebra the set of real solutions of a given equation and to shed light on its geometry. On the other hand, via a symbolic computation approach which currently requires the (tricky) use of a variety of real geometry concepts (determining the real roots of a bivariate polynomial p(x,y) by reducing it to a univariate case through discriminants and Sturm sequences, etc.), which leads to a complete resolution of the initial problem. As the algorithmic basis for both instruments (scanning, real solving) are already internally available in GeoGebra (e.g., via the Tarski package), we conclude proposing the development and merging of such features in the future progress of GeoGebra automated reasoning tools.