Journal articles: 'Computer embedded products'

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Havlicek, Hans, and Corrado Zanella. "On embedded products of Grassmannians." Discrete Mathematics 267, no. 1-3 (June 2003): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-365x(02)00610-6.

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Deng, Wei, and Jiansong Fang. "The Wireless Communication of the Embedded Microprocessor Contributes to the Industrialization of Intangible Cultural Heritage Products." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (September 14, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7056883.

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Intangible cultural heritage is very important for the development of a nation. There are clear instructions for the history and inheritance of a country. Tao represents the inheritance of a country in time, and the sustainable development of the protection and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage and derivative cultural products is of great significance. From the past to the present, people's research on intangible cultural heritage has gradually transitioned to industrialization. This article aims to study the influence of wireless communication using embedded microprocessors on the industrialization of intangible cultural heritage products and aims to help the industrial development of intangible cultural heritage products through in-depth understanding of wireless communication. This article puts forward the relevant knowledge of the MIMO system, by introducing the operating process of the wireless communication of the embedded microprocessor, the necessity of the industrialization of intangible cultural heritage products, and the relevant knowledge of how to commercialize it; finally, the industrialization development model of intangible cultural heritage under the support of new technology is drawn. In the experiment, this paper discusses the application of wireless communication technology of embedded microprocessor in the design of intangible heritage products and, based on this, discusses the road of industrialization of intangible heritage products assisted by wireless communication. Finally, the experimental results of this paper show that compared with traditional intangible cultural heritage products, the popularization rate of intangible cultural heritage products produced by wireless communication technology of embedded microprocessor has increased by 15–20%.

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Chen, Chen. "Teaching Reform and Innovation of Embedded System Development in the Context of Artificial Intelligence." Region - Educational Research and Reviews 2, no. 2 (June 9, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32629/rerr.v2i2.95.

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Embedded system is a special computer application system embedded in the object system. It is a combination of software and hardware. After decades of development, embedded systems have gradually entered many important industries such as industrial production, military, aerospace, transportation, wireless communications, and consumer electronics products, and their applications are extensive. The diversity of embedded systems has driven the rapid development of the embedded product market. In this paper, we analyze the teaching reform of embedded system development from the perspective of artificial intelligence. The sample models are integrated to help understand the proposed methodology. The numerical analysis proves the novelty.

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Ge, Qian Qian. "Design and Implementation of Human-Computer Interaction Terminal Shockproof Device Based on LPC2478." Advanced Materials Research 459 (January 2012): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.459.553.

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With the extensive use of embedded mobile terminal in everyday life, embedded terminals are getting more and more powerful,but there is no significant improvement in shock proof and use protection.The paper introduces an implementation method of embedded mobile terminal shockproof device based on LPC2478. The device has wifi communication,multi-channel sampling, real-time measurement for temperature, humidity, horizontal and vertical conditions.It measures the device distances with other objects and triaxial acceleration to achieve parametric statistical analysis and diagnostics. Its characteristics of multipoint direction identification shock proof, wireless self-synchronous firmware upgrade and power management based on users’ action mode identification provide good protection for mobile terminal products, achieving the target of shockproof.

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Chen, Tung-Chun, Yu-Shen Liang, Po-Sheng Ko, Ping-Tsan Ho, and Jui-Chan Huang. "Wireless Communication Using Embedded Microprocessor-5G Embedded E-Commerce System Oriented to Fruit Ordering, Sales, and Logistics." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (February 18, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1544447.

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With the birth of the Internet, information and data can flow in both directions, and, after that, it has spread to thousands of households. On this basis, e-commerce was also born, and it took a very short time from the field that no one cared about at the beginning to the hot focus field now. The development of e-commerce has broadened the sales channels of farmers, which has further increased the sales benefits of fruits and other agricultural products, conformed to the development of the times, and further supplemented the sales of fruits and other agricultural products. Based on the use of embedded microprocessors, this paper constructs an e-commerce system integrating sales and logistics. Based on the logistics model in the e-commerce platform, an e-commerce logistics identification model is constructed to measure the e-commerce logistics service level of agricultural products such as fruits. The article analyzes the sales and transportation methods of fruits and other agricultural products. Through a detailed analysis of the traditional e-commerce system, the e-commerce sales system has been optimized and improved by combining the reference cases and the data obtained from the Internet, especially in the aspect of logistics transportation. According to the data experiments in this article, it is shown that, after using the data formula for calculation, the best plan for transporting fruits and other agricultural products can be obtained. In the calculation result of the formula, the cost of delivery without considering customer satisfaction is 586 yuan, and the average delivery time of the vehicle is 5.625 hours, but the average satisfaction is only 78.5%. Compared with customer satisfaction, although the cost is about 15 yuan more and the delivery time is a few minutes longer, the customer satisfaction is about 21% higher than the customer satisfaction without considering the customer. Based on the optimized and transformed e-commerce system, this article will further improve the e-commerce platform for fruits and other agricultural products.

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Son, Sung Hoon. "Design of Virtual Machine Monitor for Embedded Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 1629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.1629.

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Recently virtualization has been one of the most popular research topics in system software area. While there are many commercial virtualization products for general-purpose computer system, little efforts are made to virtualize embedded system. In this paper, we design and implement a virtual machine monitor which divides each physical hardware resource of an embedded system into logical ones and reorganizes them into many virtual machines so that several real-time operating systems run concurrently on a single embedded system. We measure various performance metrics of the virtual machine monitor developed on a real embedded system. The results of the measurement study show that our virtual machine monitor has enough potentiality of its application to real-world embedded systems.

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Guan, Bei Bei, Li Guo Tian, Zhen Zhong Cheng, Zhi Liang Chen, and Xing Li Wu. "Design of μC/GUI Interface Based on STM32 Embedded System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 1485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1485.

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The wide use of GUI (Graphic User Interface - graphical User Interface) is one of the great achievements in today's computer development. μC/GUI, as one of the mature GUI technology, becomes more and more common in embedded products. It has a small kernel, occupying less resources, high performance and high reliability etc, and can be designed as powerful and complex man-machine interface for embedded system. it uses the STM32 development board as the carrier. Software system is composed of hardware drivers, μC/OS-Ⅱ real-time operating system, FATFS file system, μC/GUI graphical interface system and so on. Analyzing the process and steps of μC/GUI transplantation, through the design of interface we can realizes simple human-computer interaction function. After tested, it works well.

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Anirudh, VJST, and M. Kiran Kumar. "A Conceptual Study on Fundamentals and Characteristics of Embedded Systems." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Management Sciences 4, no. 4 (July 28, 2020): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2020.v04i04.004.

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An embedded system is an electronic/electro-mechanical system designed to perform a specific function and is a combination of firmware and hardware. A complete system on a chip is called an embedded system. It is a special purpose system in which the computer is encapsulated on a single chip which performs a specific task. Every system is unique and the hardware as well as the firmware is inevitable part of any product or equipment in all the fields including household appliances, telecommunications, medical equipment, consumer products etc. This paper highlights the fundamental concepts and characteristics of ES. Keywords: Embedded Systems.

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Grand, Joe. "Protecting your crown jewels: an introduction to embedded security for hardware-based products." Computer Fraud & Security 2005, no. 10 (October 2005): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(05)70266-9.

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Osipov, Sergey, Ivan Shcherbatov, Andrey Vegera, Pavel Bryzgunov, and Bulat Makhmutov. "Computer Flow Simulation and Verification for Turbine Blade Channel Formed by the C-90-22 A Profile." Inventions 7, no. 3 (August 4, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030068.

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Currently, software products for numerical simulation of fluid dynamics processes (Ansys, Star CCM+, Comsol) are widely used in the power engineering industry when designing new equipment. However, computer simulation methods embedded in proprietary software products make specialists choose grid settings, boundary conditions, and a solver providing the minimal deviation from experimental data with the maximal calculation speed. This paper analyzes the influence of the main grid settings and boundary conditions in the Ansys software package on the error in the computer simulation of flows in standard elements of power equipment and gives recommendations for their optimal choice. As standard elements were considered blade turbine channels formed by C-90-22 A profiles.

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Ramu, Kurinjimalar, M. Ramachandran, and Manjula Selvam. "Microcontroller Based Sensor Interface and Its Investigation." Electrical and Automation Engineering 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/eae/1/2/4.

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A microcontroller (sometimes called an MCU or microcontroller unit) is an integrated circuit (IS) commonly used for a specific application designed to do certain tasks. Devices, power tools, and automobile engine control products must be controlled automatically under certain conditions, such as computers and systems. And best examples of devices, but microcontrollers are beyond these applications. Essentially, the microcontroller collects input, processes this information, and publishes a specific action based on the information collected. Microcontrollers typically operate at low speeds of 1 MHz to 200 MHz and must be designed to use less power as they are embedded in other devices with higher power consumption in other areas. The microcontroller is a particular feature inside the embedded system a small included designed to manage Round. A common microcontroller chip processor, Memory and input output (I / O) gadgets Contains. Microcontrollers embedded Controller or microcontroller unit (MCU),Vehicles, robots, every now and then the workplace Machinery, Medical Devices, Mobile Radio Transceivers, vending machines and family Found in consumables. Unnecessarily small a small aspect designed to govern functions of the portable of private computer systems. For a complex pre-very last running system (OS).

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Nazemi, Azadeh, Iain Murray, and David A. McMeekin. "Multilingual Text to Speech in embedded systems using RC8660." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 4374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i4.2859.

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Most multilingual Test to Speech (TTS) systems are software applications which allow people with visual impairments or reading disabilities to listen the written material using computer. This paper describes an approach to make a multilingual TTS and embed it into the portable, low cost, and standalone embedded system to access and read electronic documents particularly in developing countries. There are several TTS such as Doubletalk, DECtalk, and Dolphin available in market, also there are some products using TTS such as Talking OCR, Bill Reader and Intel Reader, which are not affordable or multilingual. To design this system OMAP3530 an application processor board is considered as the hardware platform to process the language-independent parts of the application and RC8660 used as an integrated TTS processor.Â

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Takahashi, Masakazu, Yunarso Anang, and Yoshimichi Watanabe. "A Proposal of Fault Tree Analysis for Embedded Control Software." Information 11, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11090402.

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There are many industrial products in our life, and the actions of those products are controlled by embedded control software (ECSW). Recently, many troubles have been caused by ECSW. To avoid those troubles, it is necessary to clarify the causes of the troubles and take countermeasures. However, the results of those tasks depend on the skills of the analyst. This paper proposes an analytic method that clarifies the causes of troubles by applying fault tree analysis (FTA) to the ECSW. The characteristics of the proposed method are as follows: Preparation of fault tree templates (FTTs) corresponding to instructions of the ECSW, and definition of the FT development rules by combining FTTs according to the back-tracing of the instruction execution process. By complying with the proposed method strictly, when an analyst who has studied computer science and safety engineering for 2–3 years conducts FTA, the analyst can obtain an appropriate result of FTA. This indicates that the safety level of ECSW will improve. As a result of applying the proposed method to existing ECSWs, we find that we can obtain the result of FTA at the appropriate level.

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Sá, A. C. A., J. J. A. Rangel, Ana Lúcia Diegues Skury, Guerold S. Bobrovinichii, and Sérgio Neves Monteiro. "Discrete Simulation of the Infrastructure for Diamond Embedded Metallic Saw Production." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 1763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1763.

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Diamond embedded cutting saws (DCSs) are basic tools commonly used in every ornamental stone processing operation from the extraction of the quarry block to the finishing of tiles. Diamond particles are the hard and abrasive essential component that has to be well adhered to the saw matrix, whether metallic, ceramic or polymeric. This work presents a computer simulation analysis and experimental design for an optimized manufacturing process of DCSs. This discrete simulation assesses the basic parameters involved in a possible industrial production in order to maximize the dynamics of the system and operational rules needed for best final products.

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Jiang, Chong Ran, Bin Shan Xu, Hong Bo Zhai, and Yan Zhong Huo. "Research and Design of Servo Electric Control System for Injection Mould Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 574 (July 2014): 523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.574.523.

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An automatic injection mould machine for servo electric control system was introduced to deal with the existing problem of the control system of hydraulic injection mould machine. With the industrial control computer, the embedded industrial control computer is used as Main Processing Unit, other four units which are ejection, measurement, mode-locked and ejector were controlled by servo motor computer, with the combination of the control structure of cascade system. With the transformation instruction of AC servo, the control was accurate, the quality of products were improved, the energy was saved and consumption was slowed down..

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Wang, Jin He, Jun Liu, Bin Wang, Nan Zhang, and Yu Xi Gong. "Research and Application of Gene Amplification System Based on QT." Advanced Materials Research 850-851 (December 2013): 1251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.1251.

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Embedded GUI recently has been highlighted in the design of embedded products with the widespread use of embedded system for implementing the human-computer interaction function. A gene amplification system based on ARM embedded Linux OS is introduced. Combined with the requirement of PCR gene amplification system, this article using Samsung's S3C6410 core processor, the choice of Linux + Qt software scheme, built the hardware and software development environment and realized most functions of the gene amplification system GUI based on Qt integrated development environment, such as the real-time temperature curve display, the parameter settings of circulating process and other auxiliary functions showed on LCD. The results demonstrate that the system can reliably and stably run on the Linux system, support for touch screen driver interface for easy operation, excellent scalability, superior performance, beautiful interface, and basically meet the functional requirements of each module.

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Yang, Heng-Li, and Qing-Feng Lin. "Opinion mining for multiple types of emotion-embedded products/services through evolutionary strategy." Expert Systems with Applications 99 (June 2018): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2018.01.022.

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Rasoulinezhad, Seyedramin, Esther Roorda, Steve Wilton, Philip H. W. Leong, and David Boland. "Rethinking Embedded Blocks for Machine Learning Applications." ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491234.

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The underlying goal of FPGA architecture research is to devise flexible substrates that implement a wide variety of circuits efficiently. Contemporary FPGA architectures have been optimized to support networking, signal processing, and image processing applications through high-precision digital signal processing (DSP) blocks. The recent emergence of machine learning has created a new set of demands characterized by: (1) higher computational density and (2) low precision arithmetic requirements. With the goal of exploring this new design space in a methodical manner, we first propose a problem formulation involving computing nested loops over multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations, which covers many basic linear algebra primitives and standard deep neural network (DNN) kernels. A quantitative methodology for deriving efficient coarse-grained compute block architectures from benchmarks is then proposed together with a family of new embedded blocks, called MLBlocks. An MLBlock instance includes several multiply-accumulate units connected via a flexible routing, where each configuration performs a few parallel dot-products in a systolic array fashion. This architecture is parameterized with support for different data movements, reuse, and precisions, utilizing a columnar arrangement that is compatible with existing FPGA architectures. On synthetic benchmarks, we demonstrate that for 8-bit arithmetic, MLBlocks offer 6× improved performance over the commercial Xilinx DSP48E2 architecture with smaller area and delay; and for time-multiplexed 16-bit arithmetic, achieves 2× higher performance per area with the same area and frequency. All source codes and data, along with documents to reproduce all the results in this article, are available at http://github.com/raminrasoulinezhad/MLBlocks .

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Hauksdóttir, Dagný, Niels Henrik Mortensen, and Poul Erik Nielsen. "Identification of a reusable requirements structure for embedded products in a dynamic market environment." Computers in Industry 64, no. 4 (May 2013): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2012.10.008.

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Guo, Chao, Jun Zhang, and Yong Feng Zhi. "Driver Study of Touch Screen Based on S3C2440 and Embedded Linux." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 1023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.1023.

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As one of Linux development directions, embedded Linux has many achievements and mature products. Its stability, reliability and the high efficiency is being proved by the facts. Linux has a great potential in the embedded area, which is loved by many businesses, scientific research units. The embedded Linux opens the source code, provides technical support widely and has good extendibility, supports a lot of hardware. All these are the advantages of embedded Linux. Touch screen has been an important human-computer interaction device, for they are light, flexible and take up less space. Most mobile devices offer a touch screen which is used together with a pen in order to take the role of the mouse for application control. A kind of touch screen control system based on ARM and Linux is introduced in detail. Circuit diagram and touch screen working principle is given. In this paper, touch screen driver based on embedded Linux is designed, analyzed and transplanted. Finally, touch screen can be used normally after calibrating.

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Wang, Yun Liang, and Bo Wei Chen. "Design and Implementation of the Embedded Web Control System Based on ARM and Linux." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2961.

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With the rapid development of networks and communications technology, the modern remote control technique has widely been used in many fields. By the Web technology, the local equipments can be connected with outside and enable monitoring the equipments in remote clients' space. At present many products adopt Embedded Chip to which an operating system is ported as a Web Server. This product has several advantages such as low power consumption, low cost, reduced size and better performance. This paper introduces a solution for embedded system access to Internet, through which we can remote access, monitor, and maintain conveniently. The solution which is based on Web and embedded technology adopts the way of human computer interface interaction to realize remote control to the equipment. The realization of this method for users provides a convenient, flexible and effective control method.

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Ozman, Muge. "The Knowledge Base of Products: Implications for Organizational Structures." Organization Studies 31, no. 8 (August 2010): 1129–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840610376148.

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This paper investigates the impact of two dimensions of product knowledge bases on organizational structures. The first dimension, knowledge breadth, measures the complexity of a product. The second dimension, knowledge depth, measures the extent to which the knowledge embedded in the product can be used in different contexts. An agent-based simulation study is carried out to analyse the structural characteristics of organizations that emerge when self-interested agents select partners to combine their expertise and produce together. Agents learn from their interactions, which shapes their choice of partners in the future. The results reveal that multi-product companies with fewer inter-firm relationships emerge when products are complex and knowledge is highly reusable in different contexts. A network of specialized firms is a dominant organizational structure when products are complex and deep. The results are demonstrated through a brief case study of the history of the computer industry.

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Zidar, Josip, Tomislav Matić, Ivan Aleksi, and Filip Sušac. "Low Power Embedded System Sensor Selection for Environmental Condition Monitoring in Supply Chain." International journal of electrical and computer engineering systems 13, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32985/ijeces.13.2.2.

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In the modern world different products and goods are available throughout the world thanks to the complex supply chain system. Often products are transported on long journeys with different transportation systems where products can be damaged or spoiled. Smart Sticker is a concept for product environmental condition monitoring that can resolve some problems in the supply chain. Smart Sticker will record product environmental data in the supply chain and enable producer/consumer product monitoring. Because of ultra-low power design, Smart Sticker component selection must satisfy ultra-low power specifications, besides standard accuracy, and real-time implementation. In this paper we give an overview of the necessary measured environmental parameters and the selection of sensors with emphasis on low power design. We provided a model for the calculation of the maximum operating time, which is applied for the two Smart Sticker instances with significantly different energy consumptions. In the worst-case scenario operation time is 198 days which can be increased with a higher capacity battery

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Samon, Jean Bosco, and Damasse Harold Tchouazong Fotsa. "A Design Approach f or Complex Systems." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.c3355.0411422.

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The design of systems requires the integration of data from different fields (mechanical computer-aided design, electrical computer-aided design, automation, embedded software,.). The multi-technological character of Mechatronics makes the design of systems more complex. In this context a general knowledge of Mechatronics and Mechatronic products is necessary. The design problem of a mechatronic product requires the analysis of its structural, technological, and functional complexity. This paper presents an approach to the design of Mechatronic systems. This requires the characterization of the different types of the complexity of a product before presenting the design methodology, the modeling, and the simulation tools used in the different design phases.

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Al-augby, Salam, Ahmed Y. Mjhool, Mohammed W. Alboaldeen, and Ali Al-Sabbagh. "Improving saddle stitching line using affordable embedded system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1235-1242.

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In most printing factories, the stitching machine is considered as a significant tool in accomplishing the printing process cycle, such as in the Printing House of the University of Kufa (PHUK), complete their jobs using a cheap manual machine, and thus this leads to an increase in the number of employees and work hours. That is because the automated stitching machine of production is very costly. A decent printing house design maximizes production with a minimum investment in new equipment parts. However, a decent PHUK layout alone cannot reach the intended aims unless firmly linked with a developed production line of an automated stitching machine for the purpose of reducing cost, time, and efforts. This article focused on designing and developing automatic saddle stitching machines for folded paper sheet products such as newspapers, magazines, catalogs, exam sheets, etc. using accommodate devices such as Arduino and infrared sensors. Furthermore, the proposed design is applied in PHUK successfully and it showed that the cost of the stitching machine and the manpower is reduced by 60 percent, also the time is reduced by 70 percent. Finally, one of the significant implications of this work is using IT in management of resources.

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Li, Hong. "Research on color of medical rehabilitation products based on embedded system and artificial intelligence." Microprocessors and Microsystems 81 (March 2021): 103673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103673.

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Wang, Xiaoxin, Tianfeng Sun, and Feifei Jiao. "Computer intelligent dynamic simulation and optimization for structural platform of water treatment subsystem on the spacecraft." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2083, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 032003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2083/3/032003.

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Abstract In order to reduce the load response condition of space-borne equipment, an optimized design scheme of carbon fiber composites sandwich panel was proposed in this paper. The state before and after optimization was analyzed and compared trough simulation calculation. The comparison shows that after the honeycomb sandwich structure was optimized, its fundamental frequency increased by 75%, the drawing force of embedded parts decreased by 50%, and the maximum acceleration response also decreased. Finally, the response under sinusoidal vibration was evaluated by test, and the results show that the optimization of the structure is reasonable and feasible, it can be the reference of other similar products.

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Mochimaru, Masaaki. "Digital Human Models for Human-Centered Design." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 29, no. 5 (October 20, 2017): 783–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2017.p0783.

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Digital human models represent variations of body shapes for the target end-user population. They can simulate human motions, evaluate workloads, and are utilized to assess safety and usability of products and environments in a virtual space with computer-aided design. The digitalized process can reduce actual test panels, time and cost for human-centered design. Recent trends in research show that the target population of digital human models includes people with special needs. Moreover, digital human models are embedded into interactive tools to support design workshop.

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Kozma, Robert B. "The Impact of Computer-Based Tools and Embedded Prompts on Writing Processes and Products of Novice and Advanced College Writers." Cognition and Instruction 8, no. 1 (March 1991): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s1532690xci0801_1.

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Mäntysalo, Matti, and Pekka Heino. "Analysis of Embedded Baluns in 3D Packages." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 3, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-3.4.201.

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The requirements for electronic packaging are continually increasing, since the trend is towards more personal and highly integrated products. The demands for electronic packaging are lower cost, lighter weight, lower power consumption, and higher integration rate. These requirements can be addressed with System-in-Package (SiP) technologies, which is a powerful concept for system integration. SiP, together with embedded passives, provides an attractive option to solve future packaging challenges. It has a huge potential especially with small portable electronics, such as, wireless headsets and portable terminals. This paper describes the design of embedded stripline baluns for 2.4 GHz low-range radio applications. We will discuss the design, implementation, and layout of three-dimensional baluns. The effect of a balun's layout was studied with a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulator, which is based on the finite-integration technique. Good impedance match and excellent amplitude and phase balances between output ports were achieved. In addition, several prototypes were also manufactured and measured. The correlation between the simulation and experimental results was excellent. The error between modeled and measured center frequencies was less than three percent.

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Doraipandian, Manivannan, and Periasamy Neelamegam. "Wireless Sensor Network Using ARM Processors." International Journal of Embedded and Real-Time Communication Systems 4, no. 4 (October 2013): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijertcs.2013100103.

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The hardware design of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the crux of its effective deployment. Nowadays these networks are used in microscopic, secure and high-end embedded products. WSN's potentiality in terms of efficient data sensing and distributed data processing has led to its usage in applications for measurement and tracking. WSN comprises of small number of embedded devices known as sensor nodes, gateways and base stations. Sensor nodes consist of sensors, processors and transceivers. The property of embedded sensor devices, also called motes, is to determine the strength of WSN. Thus processor selection for the motes plays a critical role in determining a WSN's competency. In this article, the absolute and obvious hardware characteristics of available and proposed sensor nodes are discussed. The objective of this work was to increase the efficiency and provision of sensor nodes by evaluating their processing and transceiver units. During this work, a sensor node was developed with ARM processor and XBee series 2 Unit. LPC 2148, LPC 2378 ARM processors were posed as processing unit and XBee series 2 acted as communication unit. Results of this experimental setup were recorded. Also a comparative study of the various available sensor nodes and proposed sensor nodes was done extensively.

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Baghdadi, Hajar, Mohamed Lamhamdi, and Karim Rhofir. "Features measurement analysis of pull-in voltage for embedded MEMS." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v11.i2.pp146-156.

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<p>The embedded micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) is a technology that is creating a new era in all fields and especially in the internet of things (IoT) field. MEMS are necessary components for the realization of tiny micro/nano circuits. For this reason, designers are facing many challenges in designing embedded MEMS for achieving efficient products. The pull-in voltage is one of the most important parameters of MEMS design. In this work, we are interested in the analysis of some geometrical and mechanical parameters for the pull-in. The objective is to study of the concept of pull-in voltage in order to reduce it. First, we made a simulation to choose the appropriate material achieving a lower pull-in voltage. Then, we analysed the impact of geometrical parameters on the pull-in voltage. In this work, Finite element method using COMSOL Multiphysics® software is employed to compute the Pull-in voltage and study the behaviour of the MEMS Switch in order to optimize it. Pull-in voltage can be reduced by careful selection of the cantilever material and it can be further reduced by changing the beam parameters.</p>

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Poth, Alexander, Mario Kottke, Kerstin Middelhauve, Torsten Mahr, and Andreas Riel. "Lean integration of IT security and data privacy governance aspects into product development in agile organizations." JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science 27, no. 8 (August 28, 2021): 868–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jucs.71770.

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This article deals with the design of a product development-specific framework to support lean and adequate governance. This framework is based on layers of product-specific standards and regulations. The layers can be merged into a specific set to address the demands of a product to fit the state-of-the-art requirements of its domain. For the product domain, specific layers are presented with examples from IT security and data privacy for the software development phase. The approach is generic and can be extended to other domains like finance services or embedded products and their life-cycle phases.

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KHOSHGOFTAAR, TAGHI M., and EDWARD B. ALLEN. "PREDICTING FAULT-PRONE SOFTWARE MODULES IN EMBEDDED SYSTEMS WITH CLASSIFICATION TREES." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 09, no. 01 (March 2002): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539302000639.

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Embedded-computer systems have become essential to life in modern society. For example, the backbone of society's information infrastructure is telecommunications. Embedded systems must have highly reliable software, so that we avoid the severe consequences of failures, intolerable down-time, and expensive repairs in remote locations. Moreover, today's fast-moving technology marketplace mandates that embedded systems evolve, resulting in multiple software releases embedded in multiple products. Software quality models can be valuable tools for software engineering of embedded systems, because some software-enhancement techniques are so expensive or time-consuming that it is not practical to apply them to all modules. Targeting such enhancement techniques is an effective way to reduce the likelihood of faults discovered in the field. Research has shown software metrics to be useful predictors of software faults. A software quality model is developed using measurements and fault data from a past release. The calibrated model is then applied to modules currently under development. Such models yield predictions on a module-by-module basis. This paper examines the Classification And Regression Trees (CART) algorithm for building tree-based models that predict which software modules have high risk of faults to be discovered during operations. CART is attractive because it emphasizes pruning to achieve robust models. This paper presents details on the CART algorithm in the context of software engineering of embedded systems. We illustrate this approach with a case study of four consecutive releases of software embedded in a large telecommunications system. The level of accuracy achieved in the case study would be useful to developers of an embedded system. The case study indicated that this model would continue to be useful over several releases as the system evolves.

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Ke, Wei, Ya Guang Liu, Chuan Wang, and Chang Sheng Zhang. "Development of New Apparatus for Slug Detection on the Loom." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.394.

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There are lots of slugs produced in weaving process, which seriously affects the quality of silk products. In this study, red pulse laser was used as the signal source. Light signal goes through the shed, then enter the ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) embedded computer systems for analysis. Thus the slug situation of shed state is judged and the loom is controlled to make corresponding adjustments to prevent more slug formation. Plenty of tests are carried out on various slugs and satisfied results are gained. It shows that using ARM to develop the Loom Slug Detection Apparatus is feasible.

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Lei, Yaming. "Research on Interbank Offered Rate Based on Embedded Wireless Communication." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (April 15, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3851498.

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With the Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) standard and the increase of wireless access points, wireless data communication based on 802.11 has become increasingly popular. Interest rate risk is a kind of financial risk. In essence, interest rate risk is caused by changes in the price or income of financial products caused by changes in interest rates. As the hot spot of the wireless network, the self-organizing network will inevitably become a development trend to realize voice communication on its market-oriented core interest rate; the ARIMA model is further proposed to improve the prediction accuracy and better fit the daily fluctuation of the Shibor overnight. The monthly average value of Shibor is predicted overnight, and monthly mean prediction of Shibor is overnight. Finally, the overnight Shibor decision-making system is established, and the forecasting model is integrated to guide the participants in the money market.

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Vitabile, Salvatore, Silvia Franchini, and Giorgio Vassallo. "An Optimized Architecture for CGA Operations and Its Application to a Simulated Robotic Arm." Electronics 11, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 3508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213508.

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Conformal geometric algebra (CGA) is a new geometric computation tool that is attracting growing attention in many research fields, such as computer graphics, robotics, and computer vision. Regarding the robotic applications, new approaches based on CGA have been proposed to efficiently solve problems as the inverse kinematics and grasping of a robotic arm. The hardware acceleration of CGA operations is required to meet real-time performance requirements in embedded robotic platforms. In this paper, we present a novel embedded coprocessor for accelerating CGA operations in robotic tasks. Two robotic algorithms, namely, inverse kinematics and grasping of a human-arm-like kinematics chain, are used to prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The coprocessor natively supports the entire set of CGA operations including both basic operations (products, sums/differences, and unary operations) and complex operations as rigid body motion operations (reflections, rotations, translations, and dilations). The coprocessor prototype is implemented on the Xilinx ML510 development platform as a complete system-on-chip (SoC), integrating both a PowerPC processing core and a CGA coprocessing core on the same Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA chip. Experimental results show speedups of 78× and 246× for inverse kinematics and grasping algorithms, respectively, with respect to the execution on the PowerPC processor.

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Wei, Wei, Dexiang Deng, Lin Zeng, Chen Zhang, and Wenxuan Shi. "Classification of foreign fibers using deep learning and its implementation on embedded system." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 4 (July 2019): 172988141986760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419867600.

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In recent years, the foreign fibers in cotton lint significantly affect the quality of the final cotton textile products. It remains a challenging task to accurately distinguish foreign fibers from cotton. This article proposes an embedded system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) + digital signal processor (DSP) to recognize and remove foreign fibers mixed in cotton. With substantial tests of this system, we collect massive samples of foreign fibers and fake foreign fibers. Based on these samples, a convolution neural network mode is developed to validate the classification of the suspected targets from the detection subsystem, to improve the detection reliability. After training several model architectures, we find a model with the best balance between performance and computation. The high success rate (up to 96% in the validation set) demonstrates the effectiveness of the model. Moreover, the computation time (5 ms on a single image based on an eight-core DSP) indicates the efficiency of the detection, which ensures the real-time application of the system.

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Ilgin, Mehmet Ali, and Surendra M. Gupta. "Evaluating the impact of sensor-embedded products on the performance of an air conditioner disassembly line." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 53, no. 9-12 (August 20, 2010): 1199–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-010-2891-0.

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Eugenev, G. B. "An Intelligent System of Semi-Automatic Design of Cylindrical Gear Reducers with a Choice of Best Solutions." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 04 (721) (April 2020): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2020-4-3-14.

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The complexity and cost of design, as well as the quality of its results, are determined by the volume and depth of engineering knowledge embedded in a computer. The intellectual technology of computerization of engineering activity enables specialists who does not possess deep knowledge of computer science to create specialized workstations for themselves and their colleagues. At the same time, the engineering activity undergoes qualitative changes: the specialist enters technical specifications into a computer and oversees the project generation process, making fundamental creative decisions by selecting one of the options offered by the computer. Such systems with good reason can be attributed to a fundamentally new category of semi-automatic design systems. This paper examines the technology of creating semi-automatic systems for designing cylindrical gear reducers with an option of searching for the best solutions using genetic algorithms. The relevance of this topic is related to the fact that creation of intelligent systems for product design is an important direction in improving the engineering development of machine-building production. Such systems can increase the productivity and quality of designers’ work due to the semi-automatic generation of 3D models of products in typical variant design.

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Orakwue, Stella I., and Douglas S. Otonye. "Green House Smart Farming Echosystem." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 10, no. 01 (January 3, 2022): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v10i1.ec02.

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The future of farming has been one of the most talked-about issues on world forums, with the world population increasing yearly there is a special need to develop more efficient ways to grow food and distribute them effectively. This work discusses the design and implementation of a greenhouse smart farming echo system for the cultivation and distribution of plants using mushrooms as a focused product, linking a farm environment to a business market (cultivation processes and supply chain). A greenhouse farm smartly monitored with embedded devices, a control interface for these devices, and a web platform for product distribution and consumer management platform was developed to create a unified smart agricultural echo system. The embedded system has sensors that monitor the levels of light, temperature, soil moisture and humidity and automatically open the tap to water the farm. In addition, the supply chain was designed for the distribution of farm products. The prototype was fabricated and tested. The results showed that both the electronic part and the supply chain are working as proposed.

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Qin, Na, Longkai Liu, Deqing Huang, Bi Wu, and Zonghong Zhang. "LeanNet: An Efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Digital Number Recognition in Industrial Products." Sensors 21, no. 11 (May 22, 2021): 3620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21113620.

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The remarkable success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in computer vision tasks is shown in large-scale datasets and high-performance computing platforms. However, it is infeasible to deploy large CNNs on resource constrained platforms, such as embedded devices, on account of the huge overhead. To recognize the label numbers of industrial black material product and deploy deep CNNs in real-world applications, this research uses an efficient method to simultaneously (a) reduce the network model size and (b) lower the amount of calculation without compromising accuracy. More specifically, the method is implemented by pruning channels and corresponding filters that are identified as having a trivial effect on the output accuracy. In this paper, we prune VGG-16 to obtain a compact network called LeanNet, which gives a 25× reduction in model size and a 4.5× reduction in float point operations (FLOPs), while the accuracy on our dataset is close to the original accuracy by retraining the network. Besides, we also find that LeanNet could achieve better performance on reductions in model size and computation compared to some lightweight networks like MobileNet and SqueezeNet, which are widely used in engineering applications. This research has good application value in the field of industrial production.

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Rezaei, Esmaeel, Mohammad Mahdi Paydar, and Abdul Sattar Safaei. "Customer relationship management and new product development in designing a robust supply chain." RAIRO - Operations Research 54, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): 369–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2018107.

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New product development is a basic requirement for any company to survive in the competitive market. Most of the organizations realized that relying solely on the traditional competitive levers, such as increasing the quality, reducing costs, and distinguished provision of goods and services is not enough anymore. In addition to the aforementioned competitive advantages, a company needs to introduce new products and out-phase the old ones at the right time. In this research, the design of a supply chain network considering new product development is investigated. Here, the notion of customer relationship management is incorporated into the proposed mathematical model. Moreover, product demand that is inherently uncertain in the real situations is embedded in the proposed robust model. Objectives of new products development, and customer satisfaction along with maximization of the profit is considered in the model. Moreover, an improved multi-choice goal programming method is implemented to solve the model. Finally, the model performance is evaluated for a real-world case.

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Ozdemir, Serkan, Martin Wynn, and Bilgin Metin. "Cybersecurity and Country of Origin: Towards a New Framework for Assessing Digital Product Domesticity." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010087.

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Recent events concerning the Kaspersky anti-virus software in the UK and the Android operating system in the US have highlighted the significance of the domesticity of digital products for national cybersecurity, and the importance of establishing the origin of digital products has been further brought into focus by the war in Ukraine and China’s military activities around Taiwan. Digital products can contain hardware components, software elements, embedded systems, and data, and determining the country of origin (COO) in these circumstances is problematic. The aim of this research, and its main contribution, is to provide an operational framework for the application of the COO concept to address this problem. Using an inductive research methodology based on semi-structured interviews and an online survey, a 19-parameter framework for assessing the COO of digital products is developed and then applied to the case example of a mobile phone import in Turkey. This article concludes that new processes and policies are urgently required to enhance the cyber and information security for digital products, aid domestic digital technology production, and support the transition to recyclable technologies. Such developments are of significance not only for western nations concerned with data and security issues, but also for developing world countries trying to develop their own domestic digital product manufacturing capabilities. This is also of relevance to the computer end-user, who would benefit from greater clarity on the origin of digital products ahead of a purchase decision.

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Lozoya, Camilo, José Miguel Díaz, César Rodríguez-Esqueda, Claudia Prieto-Resendiz, and Alberto Aguilar-Gonzalez. "An Embedded Software Development Framework for Internet of Things Devices." Electronics 11, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 4158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244158.

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Internet of things (IoT) devices are mostly ubiquitous in this day and age, and it is hard to imagine a life without them, especially in the productive sectors (industry, agriculture, and automotive) and in our daily life activities (consumer electronics, home automation, and intelligent buildings). The high demand for these devices has created significant competition to provide them at the best price, at the right time, and with the best features. The trend in which these devices have increased their product features has resulted in their embedded software being more complex, leading to extended development and testing times. Consequently, as the types of advanced IoT products keep diversifying, the field maintenance of all the different models deployed grows more complicated. This paper proposes an embedded software development framework for IoT devices independent of the microcontroller architecture, the compiler, and the development environment. This framework allows having a common software baseline between different projects, which shortens the learning curve, development time, and module validation while allowing code reuse for embedded software professionals. A proof-of-concept evaluation is also presented to demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of the obtained embedded software code for a simple but representative IoT application.

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Tan, Jinkai, Qidong Yang, Junjun Hu, Qiqiao Huang, and Sheng Chen. "Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using Himawari-8 Satellite Cloud Products and Deep Learning." Remote Sensing 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040812.

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This study develops an objective deep-learning-based model for tropical cyclone (TC) intensity estimation. The model’s basic structure is a convolutional neural network (CNN), which is a widely used technology in computer vision tasks. In order to optimize the model’s structure and to improve the feature extraction ability, both residual learning and attention mechanisms are embedded into the model. Five cloud products, including cloud optical thickness, cloud top temperature, cloud top height, cloud effective radius, and cloud type, which are level-2 products from the geostationary satellite Himawari-8, are used as the model training inputs. We sampled the cloud products under the 13 rotational angles of each TC to augment the training dataset. For the independent test data, the model shows improvement, with a relatively low RMSE of 4.06 m/s and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.23 m/s, which are comparable to the results seen in previous studies. Various cloud organization patterns, storm whirling patterns, and TC structures from the feature maps are presented to interpret the model training process. An analysis of the overestimated bias and underestimated bias shows that the model’s performance is highly affected by the initial cloud products. Moreover, several controlled experiments using other deep learning architectures demonstrate that our designed model is conducive to estimating TC intensity, thus providing insight into the forecasting of other TC metrics.

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Pavlov, Maksym, and Iryna Yurchak. "Software Implementation of Modified LSB Algorithm with Shamir`s Secret Sharing." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 7, no. 2 (December 16, 2022): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2022.02.130.

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Today, it is often necessary to transmit a confidential message of a small volume, while the use of complex cryptographic systems is difficult for some reasons. One of these reasons is the impossibility of using reliable products, which, as a rule, are commercial and unavailable to the average computer user. In modern information society, many services are provided with the help of computer networks and information technologies. Information presented in digital form must be reliably protected from many threats: unauthorized access and use, destruction, forgery, leakage, violation of license agreements, disclaimer of authorship, etc. Information protection is extremely important in both commercial and government spheres. The issues of developing effective methods of protecting digital information, in particular methods of computer steganography and steganalysis, are relevant and important for the state and society. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to propose a method of increasing stego-resistance, determine the effectiveness of the created solution and analyze the obtained results. The object of research is the process of protecting information embedded in a graphic e-container. The subject of research is methods and algorithms of computer steganography and steganalysis for images. The research methods used in this work are based on steganographic algorithms.

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Romero-Ternero, M. C., R. García-Robles, D. Cagigas-Muñiz, O. Rivera-Romero, and M. J. Romero-Ternero. "Participant Observation to Apply an Empirical Method of Codesign with Children." Advances in Human-Computer Interaction 2022 (July 9, 2022): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1101847.

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Dental anxiety in children is a well-documented problem in the scientific literature. Tools mediated by Information Technology have been shown to positively influence children’s mood based on distraction as well as relaxing activities. We propose an empirical method of codesign with children to generate app content for reducing dental anxiety. The results are embedded in text through a thick description as an ethnographic technique. The method was applied to 163 children (6–8 years old) from a summer school and a primary school, obtaining multimedia products that were integrated into an app prototype. Finally, although this use case of the presented method is applied to the health field, it can be transferred to any other field of application of codesign to children by using material that is specific to new scenarios.

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Edwards, Tom, Nicolas Foloppe, Sarah Anne Harris, and Geoff Wells. "The future of biomolecular simulation in the pharmaceutical industry: what we can learn from aerodynamics modelling and weather prediction. Part 1. understanding the physical and computational complexity of in silico drug design." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 77, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 1348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798321009712.

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The predictive power of simulation has become embedded in the infrastructure of modern economies. Computer-aided design is ubiquitous throughout industry. In aeronautical engineering, built infrastructure and materials manufacturing, simulations are routinely used to compute the performance of potential designs before construction. The ability to predict the behaviour of products is a driver of innovation by reducing the cost barrier to new designs, but also because radically novel ideas can be piloted with relatively little risk. Accurate weather forecasting is essential to guide domestic and military flight paths, and therefore the underpinning simulations are critical enough to have implications for national security. However, in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries, the application of computer simulations remains limited by the capabilities of the technology with respect to the complexity of molecular biology and human physiology. Over the last 30 years, molecular-modelling tools have gradually gained a degree of acceptance in the pharmaceutical industry. Drug discovery has begun to benefit from physics-based simulations. While such simulations have great potential for improved molecular design, much scepticism remains about their value. The motivations for such reservations in industry and areas where simulations show promise for efficiency gains in preclinical research are discussed. In this, the first of two complementary papers, the scientific and technical progress that needs to be made to improve the predictive power of biomolecular simulations, and how this might be achieved, is firstly discussed (Part 1). In Part 2, the status of computer simulations in pharma is contrasted with aerodynamics modelling and weather forecasting, and comments are made on the cultural changes needed for equivalent computational technologies to become integrated into life-science industries.

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Cooper, Mark, Carlos D. Messina, Dean Podlich, L. Radu Totir, Andrew Baumgarten, Neil J. Hausmann, Deanne Wright, and Geoffrey Graham. "Predicting the future of plant breeding: complementing empirical evaluation with genetic prediction." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 4 (2014): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14007.

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For the foreseeable future, plant breeding methodology will continue to unfold as a practical application of the scaling of quantitative biology. These efforts to increase the effective scale of breeding programs will focus on the immediate and long-term needs of society. The foundations of the quantitative dimension will be integration of quantitative genetics, statistics, gene-to-phenotype knowledge of traits embedded within crop growth and development models. The integration will be enabled by advances in quantitative genetics methodology and computer simulation. The foundations of the biology dimension will be integrated experimental and functional gene-to-phenotype modelling approaches that advance our understanding of functional germplasm diversity, and gene-to-phenotype trait relationships for the native and transgenic variation utilised in agricultural crops. The trait genetic knowledge created will span scales of biology, extending from molecular genetics to multi-trait phenotypes embedded within evolving genotype–environment systems. The outcomes sought and successes achieved by plant breeding will be measured in terms of sustainable improvements in agricultural production of food, feed, fibre, biofuels and other desirable plant products that meet the needs of society. In this review, examples will be drawn primarily from our experience gained through commercial maize breeding. Implications for other crops, in both the private and public sectors, will be discussed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Computer embedded products'

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