Journal articles: 'Computer-assisted composition'

1

Williams, Noel. "Computer assisted composition." Intelligent Tutoring Media 3, no. 2-3 (May 1992): 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14626269209408308.

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Winsor, Phil. "Patt_Proc1: A Computer-Assisted Composition Program." Leonardo. Supplemental Issue 1 (1988): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1557930.

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Laurson, Mikael, and Mika Kuuskankare. "Two Computer-Assisted Composition Case Studies." Contemporary Music Review 28, no. 2 (April 2009): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07494460903322471.

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Cope, David. "An Expert System for Computer-Assisted Composition." Computer Music Journal 11, no. 4 (1987): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3680238.

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Harvey, T. Edward. "Computer-Assisted Spanish-Composition Instruction Survey—1986." CALICO Journal 4, no. 2 (January 14, 2013): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cj.v4i2.55-67.

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This study reports on a survey of Spanish instructors' views on the use of computers in Spanish composition instruction. Data are reported for 208 (from a total of 1,678) full-time instructional faculty at universities, two-year colleges, and high schools across the nation. Most respondents taught one-semester courses whose enrollment sizes were increasing. Text use for the majority of programs is three years or less. This corresponds to the advent of process-model texts. Apples and IBM-PCs predominate among the hardware available. The lack of foreign-character support remains the major frustration reported. Essay analyzers are new to nearly everyone. There is mixed opinion about the real versus the expected benefits of using word processors as part of composition instruction. However, the time appears right for a paradigm shift and curriculum definition to include computer-assisted composition instruction.

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Jones, Kevin. "Generative models in computer-assisted musical composition." Contemporary Music Review 3, no. 1 (January 1989): 177–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07494468900640121.

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Lee, John, Ying Cheuk Hui, and Yin Hei Kong. "Knowledge-rich, computer-assisted composition of Chinese couplets." Digital Scholarship in the Humanities 31, no. 1 (October 10, 2014): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqu052.

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Rosenwasser, George O. D., and James S. Tiedeman. "Computer-Assisted Composition and Reproduction of Ophthalmic Documentation." American Journal of Ophthalmology 99, no. 6 (June 1985): 711–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)76042-8.

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Assayag, Gérard, Camilo Rueda, Mikael Laurson, Carlos Agon, and Olivier Delerue. "Computer-Assisted Composition at IRCAM: From PatchWork to OpenMusic." Computer Music Journal 23, no. 3 (September 1999): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/014892699559896.

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CourtotFrancisCourtot, Francis. "CARLA: Knowledge acquisition and induction for computer assisted composition." Interface 21, no. 3-4 (January 1992): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298219208570608.

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Collins, Terence, and Lisa Gerrard. "Writing at Century's End: Essays on Computer-Assisted Composition." College Composition and Communication 38, no. 4 (December 1987): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/357647.

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Feller, Ross. "Örjan Sandred: The Musical Fundamentals of Computer Assisted Composition." Computer Music Journal 42, no. 2 (June 2018): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_r_00462.

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Guo, Qili. "Computer-assisted Music Composition Algorithm Design Dependent on Interactive Genetic Algorithm with Interval Fitness." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2066, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2066/1/012035.

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Abstract Computer-assisted music composition refers to computer-assisted music composition with the participation of people. However, there are problems such as style and expression. In this paper, a computer-assisted music composition algorithm based on the interactive genetic algorithm with interval fitness is proposed. A new music prediction model is established by integrating melody units and rhythms into traditional models with only notes or rhythms as units. Moreover, the generated music phrases are optimized by the interactive genetic algorithmphrase. The simulation results suggest that the proposed algorithm can generate music phrases quickly with a certain melody logic that conforms to the personal demand of users using a small data set.

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Okpara, Mabel Ugochi. "Multimedia technology: a vital instrument for music composition." AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities 7, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijah.v7i3.6.

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Music composition over the years has continued to be a much dreaded course of study by so many Nigerian students of Music in tertiary institutions. Through the interview conducted in this study, it was discovered that the students’ fear of the course stems from its abstractness or rather as a result of the erroneous belief that it is a very complex area of specialization to venture into, in music pedagogy. This study is aimed at disabusing the minds of the students of music from this xenophobic wrong impression and by creating an enabling mind-set and interest in music composition through this expository study on the multimedia technology as a vital instrument in music composition. A simple observation and comparison of the old manual system of music composition/notation with the new computer-assisted multimedia system reveals that the computer-assisted multimedia method is much better in terms of facility as well as performing numerous tasks than the old system and it is therefore recommended for compositional and notational purposes. Participation, interview, observation and literature review were the research methods employed for this study.Keywords: Multimedia, Technology, Music, Composition

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THYWISSEN, KURT. "GeNotator: an environment for exploring the application of evolutionary techniques in computer-assisted composition." Organised Sound 4, no. 2 (June 1999): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771899002095.

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A computer-assisted composition tool for investigating the application of evolutionary techniques in the composition of music is presented. The nature of such an application is examined in terms of defining the possible mechanisms that provide a means for automated creativity. These mechanisms take inspiration from processes found in Darwinian-based evolution theory, genetic algorithm theory and similar aesthetically based uses of a genetic search heuristic in the visual arts. A formal model of ‘musical evolution’ is proposed, with particular emphasis placed on the ways in which a genetic algorithm can be used to effectively manipulate a variety of compositional structures within a hierarchical and generative grammar-based model of musical composition. The result is a prototype Windows MIDI application called GeNotator that allows composers to experiment with a range of musical structures by interactively ‘evolving’ them through a familiar and comprehensive graphical user interface.

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Kumar, K., A. G. Menon, P. S. Sastry, and D. Mathur. "Computer-assisted determination of elemental composition of fragments in mass spectra." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 6, no. 9 (September 1992): 585–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290060911.

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MAIA, ADOLFO, PAUL DO VALLE, JONATAS MANZOLLI, and LEONARDO N. S. PEREIRA. "A computer environment for polymodal music." Organised Sound 4, no. 2 (June 1999): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135577189900206x.

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KYKLOS, an algorithmic composition program, is presented here. It generalises musical scales for use in composition as well as in performance. The sonic output of the system is referred to as polymodal music since it consists of four independent voices playing ‘synthetic modes’. KYKLOS is suitable for computer-assisted composition because it generates MIDI files which can be altered later by the composer. It can equally well be used in live performance for dynamic modification of parameters enabling realtime musical control.

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Sekulic, S., P. R. Haddad, and C. J. Lamberton. "Computer-assisted selection of mobile phase composition in reversed-phase liquid chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 363, no. 2 (January 1986): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(01)83732-8.

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Szerlip, Paul, Amy Hoover, and Kenneth Stanley. "Demo: A Computer-Assisted Approach to Composing with MaestroGenesis." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 8, no. 4 (June 30, 2021): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v8i4.12556.

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This demonstration presents MaestroGenesis, a program that helps users create complete polyphonic musical pieces from as little as a simple, human composed monophonic melody. MaestroGenesis creates music by exploiting two key ideas behind the functional scaffolding for musical composition (FSMC) approach: (1) that music a function of time and (2) that functional transformations of initial human starting melodies, or scaffolds, inherit some of the essential human qualities contained in the scaffold. Music in FSMC is represented as a functional relationship between the scaffold and a generated accompaniment. The GUI helps users evolve these functions by importing and developing their music through a breeding process akin to animal breeding, called interactive evolutionary computation. Some resulting pieces are indistinguishable from completely human-composed pieces.

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Biletskyy, Andriy. "Doctor Webern: A Visual Environment for Computer-Assisted Composition Based on Linear Thematism." Computer Music Journal 24, no. 3 (September 2000): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/014892600559425.

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Chen, Jason Chi Wai. "A pilot study mapping students’ composing strategies: Implications for teaching computer-assisted composition." Research Studies in Music Education 34, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1321103x12465515.

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Nauert, Paul. "Division- and Addition-Based Models of Rhythm in a Computer-Assisted Composition System." Computer Music Journal 31, no. 4 (December 2007): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj.2007.31.4.59.

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Hirst, David. "An echo from closed doors." Organised Sound 6, no. 1 (April 2001): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771801001066.

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On 31 December 1999 the La Trobe University Music Department closed its doors. From the outset, La Trobe Music saw itself as providing an alternative tertiary music education to the predominant paradigms of the time by fostering creativity through composition, technology, improvisation and other types of alternative performance practices. The philosophy of teaching electroacoustic music at La Trobe was to encourage students to find their own compositional voice rather than preach a particular style of electroacoustic music. The Department's research areas were in improvisation and technology, signal processing, gestural control devices, computer-assisted composition, analysis of electroacoustic music, realtime DSP, live electronics and installations. La Trobe's excellence in electroacoustic music was recognised by its inclusion in a survey of the world's top twenty-three computer music institutions by the Japanese journal Intercommunication 6. La Trobe staff and postgraduate students contributed papers and compositions to international and national computer music conferences and La Trobe was very much a part of the international community for over twenty-five years. The challenge now is for other Victorian institutions to meet the needs of today's students and to provide the deep research foundation in electroacoustic music that informs teaching and generates new music directions in the community.

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Cooper, Joel, and Jeff Stone. "Gender, Computer-Assisted Learning, and Anxiety: With a Little Help from a Friend." Journal of Educational Computing Research 15, no. 1 (July 1996): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/w932-d1pt-2px7-3tc2.

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This study examined the effects of learning group gender composition and the use of nonverbal communication by a computer on performance and motivation following a computer-assisted biology lesson. The results showed that before the lesson began, group gender composition influenced self-reports of experience and knowledge about computers and also how subjects arranged their computer desktop. During the lesson, when a computer image of a human face was present on the screen, girls who reported low anxiety performed better and were more motivated to use the program relative to girls who reported high anxiety. In contrast, boys who reported high anxiety performed better and were more motivated to use the program when the tutor was present on the screen relative to boys who reported low anxiety. The implications of these findings for classroom gender organization and for using gender-appropriate educational software are discussed.

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Zhu, Dong. "The Composition of Digital Wushu Instruction Court." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.423.

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Hard to learn and easy to forget are real problems in Wushu practice. Digital Wushu instruction court as the computer assisted technology increases alternative teaching method in Wushu teaching activities. Digital Wushu instruction court includes hardware system and software system. Hard ware is mainly composed by digital floor, digital periphery, digital terminal and communication platform. Software includes picture, video, music, text, motion analysis system and so on. The purpose of digital Wushu instruction court is to cultivate students’ interests to Wushu, increase Wushu instruction effect, and develop their self-learning ability.

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Waschka, Rodney. "Computer-Assisted Composition and Performance: The Creation of "A Noite, Porém, Rangeu E Quebrou"." Leonardo Music Journal 2, no. 1 (1992): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1513208.

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Ghisi, Daniele, and Andrea Agostini. "Extending bach: A Family of Libraries for Real-time Computer-assisted Composition in Max." Journal of New Music Research 46, no. 1 (November 21, 2016): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2016.1236823.

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Liu, Song, Peng Liu, and Yoshiyori Urano. "A Study of Composition/Correction System with Corpus Retrieval Function." International Journal of Distance Education Technologies 11, no. 3 (July 2013): 58–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdet.2013070105.

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Practice and research in the composition education that is using computer and network have been more and more active. Through online composition system, a large amount of written texts produced by students and teachers can be collected. This kind of information is called a learner corpus, which is important in second language education because the specific learning situations of learners can be analyzed. However, there is still little effective application on how to utilize the collected learner corpus in pedagogy. In this research, a web based composition/correction system has been constructed. It can not only support online composition submission and correction, but also supply a retrieval function for learner corpus. This function has been combined with another CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) drill system to create more effective exercises according to learners’ misuses. This research has proposed a unique mechanism to integrate both construction and application of learner corpus.

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Hoover, Amy K., Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley. "Functional Scaffolding for Composing Additional Musical Voices." Computer Music Journal 38, no. 4 (December 2014): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/comj_a_00269.

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Many tools for computer-assisted composition contain built-in music-theoretical assumptions that may constrain the output to particular styles. In contrast, this article presents a new musical representation that contains almost no built-in knowledge, but that allows even musically untrained users to generate polyphonic textures that are derived from the user's own initial compositions. This representation, called functional scaffolding for musical composition (FSMC), exploits a simple yet powerful property of multipart compositions: The pattern of notes and rhythms in different instrumental parts of the same song are functionally related. That is, in principle, one part can be expressed as a function of another. Music in FSMC is represented accordingly as a functional relationship between an existing human composition, or scaffold, and a generated set of one or more additional musical voices. A human user without any musical expertise can then explore how the generated voice (or voices) should relate to the scaffold through an interactive evolutionary process akin to animal breeding. By inheriting from the intrinsic style and texture of the piece provided by the user, this approach can generate additional voices for potentially any style of music without the need for extensive musical expertise.

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Kulikajevas, Audrius, Rytis Maskeliunas, and Robertas Damaševičius. "Detection of sitting posture using hierarchical image composition and deep learning." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (March 23, 2021): e442. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.442.

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Human posture detection allows the capture of the kinematic parameters of the human body, which is important for many applications, such as assisted living, healthcare, physical exercising and rehabilitation. This task can greatly benefit from recent development in deep learning and computer vision. In this paper, we propose a novel deep recurrent hierarchical network (DRHN) model based on MobileNetV2 that allows for greater flexibility by reducing or eliminating posture detection problems related to a limited visibility human torso in the frame, i.e., the occlusion problem. The DRHN network accepts the RGB-Depth frame sequences and produces a representation of semantically related posture states. We achieved 91.47% accuracy at 10 fps rate for sitting posture recognition.

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TLEBAYEV, Manat B., Bolotbek I. BIIBOSUNOV, Zhazira K. TASZHUREKOVA, Marina A. BAIZHARIKOVA, and Zamira K. AITBAYEVA. "CREATION OF A COMPUTER-ASSISTED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR THE RAW MATERIALS BIOLOGICAL PROCESSING." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 35 (July 20, 2020): 640–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n35.2020.55_tlebayev_pgs_640_654.pdf.

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During anaerobic fermentation, the alternation of liquid and solid substances in the substrate makes the bacteria adapt to changing conditions, which significantly reduces the biogas yield, reduces the methane concentration in it, and increases the retention time of the substrate in the bioreactor. The solution to this problem when using cavitation destruction can not only minimize temperature nonuniformity but also solve the problem of the same load on the biocenosis and maximum contact surface of bacteria during anaerobic fermentation in the bioreactor. Studies have shown that the composition and quantity of biogas are not constant and depend on the type of substrate being processed and the biogas production technology. To stabilize the composition of the resulting biogas and bring it to a high-quality, independent alternative energy source, it is possible using membrane destruction or crushing of organic raw materials. The energy consumption, fermentation time, and methane concentration in the final biogas output depend on the primary treatment. This work proposes a mathematical model of the process of crushing, dispersing, and blending waste from dairy and fattening farms, which allows to determine and optimize its operating parameters, as well as to promote effective anaerobic fermentation of the substrate in the bioreactor. To determine the mathematical model for the raw materials biological processing with known theoretical or experimental parameters, numerical methods were used, which are one of the powerful mathematical tools for solving the problem. The results of the operational parameters of the studied processes were obtained using the Mathcad environment and tested in the SCADA Trace Mode 6.10.1 automated process control and monitoring software package.

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VERBORGH, RUBEN, DÖRTHE ARNDT, SOFIE VAN HOECKE, JOS DE ROO, GIOVANNI MELS, THOMAS STEINER, and JOAQUIM GABARRO. "The pragmatic proof: Hypermedia API composition and execution." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 17, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068416000016.

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AbstractMachine clients are increasingly making use of the Web to perform tasks. While Web services traditionally mimic remote procedure calling interfaces, a new generation of so-called hypermedia APIs works through hyperlinks and forms, in a way similar to how people browse the Web. This means that existing composition techniques, which determine a procedural plan upfront, are not sufficient to consume hypermedia APIs, which need to be navigated at runtime. Clients instead need a more dynamic plan that allows them to follow hyperlinks and use forms with a preset goal. Therefore, in this paper, we show how compositions of hypermedia APIs can be created by generic Semantic Web reasoners. This is achieved through the generation of a proof based on semantic descriptions of the APIs' functionality. To pragmatically verify the applicability of compositions, we introduce the notion of pre-execution and post-execution proofs. The runtime interaction between a client and a server is guided by proofs but driven by hypermedia, allowing the client to react to the application's actual state indicated by the server's response. We describe how to generate compositions from descriptions, discuss a computer-assisted process to generate descriptions, and verify reasoner performance on various composition tasks using a benchmark suite. The experimental results lead to the conclusion that proof-based consumption of hypermedia APIs is a feasible strategy at Web scale.

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Sugawara, Kikuko, Hajime Kikuchi, and Keiichi Honda. "Computer-Assisted Analysis system of 13C-NMR Spectra Desinged for Composition Determination of Cosmetic Products (II)." Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan 23, no. 2 (1989): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5107/sccj.23.111.

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Bourotte, Rodolphe, and Sharon Kanach. "UPISketch: The UPIC idea and its current applications for initiating new audiences to music." Organised Sound 24, no. 3 (November 29, 2019): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771819000323.

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With the invention of UPIC by Iannis Xenakis in 1977, for the first time one could achieve the sonic realisation of drawn musical ideas by a computer. Since then, no one seems to have proposed an equivalent tool, providing usability for both beginners and professionals. We will discuss how lively the UPIC idea can still be today, and why we should pay attention to this approach. Indeed, there has been a relative quietness in the domain of computer music specifically regarding how we arrange graphical curves to describe the evolution of sound parameters and create a musical form. This ascertainment led to the birth of our project UPISketch, which aims at the same goal, using today’s technology. We hope that this first version can reintroduce the concept of a ‘computer-assisted tool for sound composition, assisted by drawing’ to a global audience. The program being available since June 2018, we will evaluate the results of the first workshops with various publics and take a glimpse at the next developments.

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Aguiar, Daniella, Luiz E. Castelões, and João Queiroz. "VIA: A collaborative project integrating mobile technology, video-dance and computer-assisted composition in Rio de Janeiro." Metaverse Creativity 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/mvcr.5.1.7_1.

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Barnes, Linda Laube. "Why is there a text in this class?: Classroom teachers′ (re)views of computer-assisted composition textbooks." Computers and Composition 7, no. 1 (November 1989): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s8755-4615(89)80004-0.

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Haas, Petr. "The language of the assistant and the language of the creator : selected aspects of computer assisted composition." Musicologica Brunensia, no. 2 (2017): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mb2017-2-12.

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Taatjes, D. J., M. P. Wadsworth, D. J. Schneider, and B. E. Sobel. "Improved quantitative characterization of atherosclerotic plaque composition with immunohistochemistry, confocal fluorescence microscopy, and computer-assisted image analysis." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 113, no. 3 (March 21, 2000): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050435.

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Mochizuki, Fumiyo, Keiichi Honda, and Tohru Yoneya. "Computer-assisted analysis system of 13C-NMR spectra designed for composition determination of organic mixtures - Application to cosmetic products." Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan 20, no. 3 (1986): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5107/sccj.20.180.

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Babic, Sandra, Marija Kastelan-Macan, and Mira Petrovic. "Determination of agrochemical combinations in spiked soil samples." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 8 (April 1, 1998): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0331.

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Quantitative determination of combinations of the agrochemicals: atrazine, propham, chlorpropham, diflubenzuron, α-cypermethrin and tetramethrin from spiked soil is reported. Method involves ultrasonic extraction of agrochemicals with acetone, separation of samples by means of reverse-phase thin-layer chromatography and quantification by slit-scanning densitometry. Computer-assisted optimisation was used to select the optimum mobile phase composition. Apparent recoveries of agrochemicals from spiked soil were: 90.3±8.5 for chlorpropham, 79.3±10.3 for propham, 102±2.4 for atrazine, 100.6±5.4 for α-cypermethrin, 103.0±4.1 for tetramethrin and 98.3±4.9 for diflubenzuron.

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Zhang, Shi, and Feng Chen. "The Effects of Computer-Aided Animation Technology in the Teaching of Hematological Medicine." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 18, S3 (October 20, 2020): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14733/cadaps.2021.s3.58-69.

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Clinical hematology and hematology are one of the main courses of the Department of Medical Laboratory Science. In experimental teaching, students are required to correctly identify a variety of cells in bone marrow under a microscope, which is one of the most difficult content for students to master. The traditional experimental teaching of cell morphology has brought different degrees of influence on the teaching effect. In order to make it easier, faster and effective for teachers to teach students about cell morphology in the limited teaching time, and to allow students to more intuitively recognize various cells and increase their interest in learning, it is necessary to reform the experimental teaching methods. Computer-aided animation technology is a three-dimensional composition technology that can display things in reality in three-dimensional images. Applying computer-assisted animation technology to the teaching of hematology in medical schools can display cell morphology more vividly. This will help deepen students' understanding of classroom knowledge. Therefore, this study selected clinical undergraduates who were internships in the Department of Hematology as the research objects. 235 students in the experimental group used the 3D animation technology teaching method in computer-assisted animation technology to teach students "Morphological Changes in the Process of Cellular Immune Regulation"; 257 students in the control group used traditional clinical teaching methods. Through questionnaire surveys and personal interviews, understanding the evaluation of students and teachers on this teaching mode, and comparing the teaching effect through theoretical examination and practical skill assessment.

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Monro, John A., and Mike Williams. "Concurrent management of postprandial glycaemia and nutrient intake using glycaemic glucose equivalents, food composition data and computer-assisted meal design." Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 9, no. 2 (June 15, 2000): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.2000.00146.x.

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Schwarz, Tomasz, Nelia Scheeres, Martyna M. Małopolska, Maciej Murawski, Tristan D. Agustin, Bahareh Ahmadi, Nina Strzałkowska, Patrycja Rajtar, Piotr Micek, and Pawel M. Bartlewski. "Associations between Mammary Gland Echotexture and Milk Composition in Cows." Animals 10, no. 11 (October 30, 2020): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10112005.

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Thirty clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows underwent twice daily machine milking and ultrasonographic examinations of the udder just prior to and after milking. Digital ultrasonographic images of each udder quarter were subjected to computer-assisted echotextural analyses to obtain mean numerical pixel values (NPVs) and pixel heterogeneity (PSD) of the mammary gland parenchyma. The average milk yield and pH were higher (p < 0.05) in the morning, whereas crude fat, total solids, solids non-fat and citric acid content were higher (p < 0.05) during the evening milking period. Mean NPVs and PSDs of the mammary gland parenchyma were greater (p < 0.05) after than before milking. There were significant correlations among echotextural characteristics of the udder and protein percentage, lactose content and freezing point depression determined in the milk samples collected in the morning and crude protein, casein, lactose and solids non-fat in the evening. Our results can be interpreted to suggest that computerized analysis of the mammary gland ultrasonograms has the makings of a technique for estimating non-fat milk constituents in cows. However, future validating studies are necessary before this method can be employed in commercial settings and research. Moreover, significant inter-quarter differences in udder echogenicity may necessitate further echotextural studies of separate quarters.

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O’Callaghan, James. "Mimetic Instrumental Resynthesis." Organised Sound 20, no. 2 (July 7, 2015): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771815000114.

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This article provides a brief survey of composition in which field recordings or other referential sounds are transcribed for acoustic instruments. Through a discussion of how electroacoustic music and scholarship have conceptualised the notion of mimesis, and how various forms of contemporary acoustic music have adopted electroacoustic techniques, it identifies a recent musical practice in which these concerns are brought together. The article proposes the term mimetic instrumental resynthesis as a way of describing the common threads behind works that employ electronic-assisted or computer-assisted techniques towards instrumental imitations of environmental and extra-musical sounds. The article also highlights some of the conceptual and aesthetic questions emerging from such a practice, including the idea of transformation, issues of referentiality, listening, the influence of different technologies and their aesthetic implications, and the tension between abstract and concrete conceptions of the works discussed. Finally, the article raises concerns surrounding the language of discussing what is necessarily an interdisciplinary venture.

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Gudigar, Anjan, Sneha Nayak, Jyothi Samanth, U. Raghavendra, Ashwal A J, Prabal Datta Barua, Md Nazmul Hasan, Edward J. Ciaccio, Ru-San Tan, and U. Rajendra Acharya. "Recent Trends in Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Characterization." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 23, 2021): 10003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910003.

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Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its underlying histopathology is the atherosclerotic plaque, which comprises lipid, fibrous and—when chronic—calcium components. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) performed during invasive coronary angiography are reference standards for characterizing the atherosclerotic plaque. Fine image spatial resolution attainable with contemporary coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) has enabled noninvasive plaque assessment, including identifying features associated with vulnerable plaques known to presage acute coronary events. Manual interpretation of IVUS, IVOCT and CCTA images demands scarce physician expertise and high time cost. This has motivated recent research into and development of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted methods for image processing, feature extraction, plaque identification and characterization. We performed parallel searches of the medical and technical literature from 1995 to 2021 focusing respectively on human plaque characterization using various imaging modalities and the use of AI-assisted computer aided diagnosis (CAD) to detect and classify atherosclerotic plaques, including their composition and the presence of high-risk features denoting vulnerable plaques. A total of 122 publications were selected for evaluation and the analysis was summarized in terms of data sources, methods—machine versus deep learning—and performance metrics. Trends in AI-assisted plaque characterization are detailed and prospective research challenges discussed. Future directions for the development of accurate and efficient CAD systems to characterize plaque noninvasively using CCTA are proposed.

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Vicente, Paula. "Exploring Fieldwork Effects in a Mobile CATI Survey." International Journal of Market Research 59, no. 1 (January 2017): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/ijmr-2016-054.

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This study explores the effects of call attempts and time periods on call outcomes and sample composition. A mobile computer-assisted telephone interview survey was conducted to collect data from adult mobile phone users about use and attitudes towards mobile phones; paradata regarding call dispositions, time and day of the week of calls and number of call attempts was also available. The first call contact rate was approximately 27% and varied significantly across time periods; the rate fell to below 20% for the second call. Weekend time periods yielded higher contact rates than weekday time periods. The interview rate on the first call was 12% and decreased steadily in subsequent calls. Mobile phone numbers that yielded call rejection, voicemail or were busy on the first call were very difficult to convert into interview on the second call. The number of call attempts and time period of the calls affect sample composition, namely in relation to respondents' age, educational level and area of residence. Future research and practical implications of the findings for mobile CATI surveys are discussed.

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Vitkin, Edward, Alexander Golberg, and Zohar Yakhini. "BioLEGO — a web-based application for biorefinery design and evaluation of serial biomass fermentation." TECHNOLOGY 03, no. 02n03 (June 2015): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2339547815400038.

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The composition of feedstock biomass and the selection of fermenting microorganisms are critical factors in biorefinery design. Feedstock biomass composition is constrained by local supply materials, but microorganism selection affords considerable flexibility. Once biomass feedstock is identified, biorefinery designers need to select optimal fermenting organisms. While fermentation by microorganism communities can increase the range of digested biomass compounds and can be more resistant to infections, it has intrinsic problems in the context of species competition, process design and modeling — issues related to insufficient process control. Using a serial fermentation approach, we offset some of these issues to allow maximal process control, while benefiting from organism diversity to maximize feedstock conversion rates. Here, we describe BioLEGO, a freely available web-based application that enables computer-assisted a single and two-step multiorganism fermentation process design. BioLEGO is based on a modular modeling approach, enabling the generation of different fermentation configurations consisting of independent organism modules. BioLEGO supports the evaluation of possible biomass-to-product yields for biomass mixes or general media and recommends media changes to increase the process efficacy.

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Gilbride, Kimberley A., and Roberta R. Fulthorpe. "A survey of the composition and diversity of bacterial populations in bleached kraft pulp-mill wastewater secondary treatment systems." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 50, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w04-031.

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Bacterial community compositions from 10 pulp- and paper-mill treatment systems were compared using both traditional and molecular techniques. 16S-RFLP (Random Fragment Length Polymorphisms) analysis was used to examine the genotypic profiles of the whole bacterial community of each treatment system. Although all the communities shared approximately 60% of their DNA band pattern, as determined by computer-assisted cluster analysis, each community displayed a unique profile that was stable over time under normal operating parameters. Reverse Sample Genome Probing (RSGP) and 16S-RFLP were used to compare the culturable bacterial communities of several geographically separated pulp-mill biotreatment system communities. There was little overlap in the composition of the culturable community between mills at the genus level. Furthermore, RSGP variation was almost as high within a mill as between mills. Partial sequences of the 16S rRNA genes from culturable isolates identified Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Xanthobacter as some of the dominant species. Finally, several 16S rRNA genes from two whole community 16S RNA gene libraries were partially sequenced and identified as similar to unknown α-, β-, and γ-Proteobacteria, Ralstonia, Alcaligenes, Nitrospira, Firmicutes, and clones representing the new Holophaga/Acidobacterium phylum. These findings suggest that although these pulp- and paper-mill biotreatment communities perform similar functions, they are populated by unique mixtures of species.Key words: biodiversity, 16S-RFLP, secondary treatment, pulp mills.

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Osama Qutub, Salman Khalid Bashnani, and Faisal Khalid Bashnaini. "Flexural Strength of Composite Based Provisional Crown Materials." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 6, no. 01 (January 19, 2021): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol06-i01/1055.

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Introduction: One of the important aspects of provisional restorations, especially in case of long-span edentulous situations, short-height pontics, extended treatment time and in patients with para-functional habits is their flexural strength. Maintaining the integrity of the provisional restorations throughout the course of treatments is highly valuable and important to have a predictable outcome. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the flexural strength of composite based provisional materials. Materials and Methods: Materials: Group 1, conventional bisacryl composite material (Protemp 4, 3M). Group 2, Computer Assisted Designing - Computer Assisted Milling (CAD-CAM) composite provisional material (CAD Temp). Method: Twenty identical specimens sized 25×2×2-mm were prepared from each material. A standard three-point bending test was conducted on the specimens with a universal testing machine at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed, and the flexural strength values were calculated (MPa) for each specimen. The flexural strength data were statistically analyzed using T-Test. Results: The measured mean flexural strength values (MPa) were as follow: group1 = 99.38 in comparison to group 2 = 92.06. There were statistically significant differences among the flexural strengths of tested materials (P < 0.05), The conventional group had significantly higher flexural strength than the CAD/CAM group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, the bisacryl composite resin (Protemp 4) provisional material has superior flexural strength than CAD/CAM composite material. Although many authors recommended the use of CAD/CAM provisional materials, this study prove that the material composition is as important as the material method of fabrication.

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Victor, Jennifer Nicoll, and Gina Yannitell Reinhardt. "Competing for the platform." Party Politics 24, no. 3 (December 29, 2016): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068816678888.

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What explains which groups are included in a party coalition in any given election cycle? Recent advances in political party theory suggest that policy demanders comprise parties, and that the composition of a party coalition varies from election to election. We theorize three conditions under which parties articulate an interest group’s preferred positions in its quadrennial platform: when groups are ideologically proximate to the party median, when groups display party loyalty, and when groups are flush with resources. Using computer-assisted content analysis on a unique and rich data source, we examine three cycles of testimony that 80 organized groups provided to the Democratic Party. The analysis compares group requests with the content of Democratic and Republican National Committee platforms in 1996, 2000, and 2004. Results show that parties reward loyal groups and those that are ideologically proximate to the party but offer no confirmation of a resource effect.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Computer-assisted composition'

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