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Journal articles on the topic 'Computer Alegbra Systems (CAS)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Greiner-Petter, André, Moritz Schubotz, Howard S. Cohl, and Bela Gipp. "Semantic preserving bijective mappings for expressions involving special functions between computer algebra systems and document preparation systems." Aslib Journal of Information Management 71, no. 3 (May 20, 2019): 415–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-08-2018-0185.

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Purpose Modern mathematicians and scientists of math-related disciplines often use Document Preparation Systems (DPS) to write and Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) to calculate mathematical expressions. Usually, they translate the expressions manually between DPS and CAS. This process is time-consuming and error-prone. The purpose of this paper is to automate this translation. This paper uses Maple and Mathematica as the CAS, and LaTeX as the DPS. Design/methodology/approach Bruce Miller at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed a collection of special LaTeX macros that create links from mathematical symbols to their definitions in the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions (DLMF). The authors are using these macros to perform rule-based translations between the formulae in the DLMF and CAS. Moreover, the authors develop software to ease the creation of new rules and to discover inconsistencies. Findings The authors created 396 mappings and translated 58.8 percent of DLMF formulae (2,405 expressions) successfully between Maple and DLMF. For a significant percentage, the special function definitions in Maple and the DLMF were different. An atomic symbol in one system maps to a composite expression in the other system. The translator was also successfully used for automatic verification of mathematical online compendia and CAS. The evaluation techniques discovered two errors in the DLMF and one defect in Maple. Originality/value This paper introduces the first translation tool for special functions between LaTeX and CAS. The approach improves error-prone manual translations and can be used to verify mathematical online compendia and CAS.

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2

Pfeifer, Marcel Rolf. "Computer-Aided Standardisation for Manufacturing and Maintenance Activities." Technological Engineering 16, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teen-2019-0004.

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Abstract The paper deals with the development and application of computer-aided standardisation (CAS) for the distribution of standardisation data of production and maintenance processes within the company network. Rising integration pressure of company software tools also include CAx technologies. These CAx technologies provide software solutions for different applications, being able to work closely together with ERP-systems, Business Intelligence (BI) tools and further systems. The possibility of integration makes it also feasible to look on the CAS tool and its potential. While CAS is a topic not yet fully discussed, future development may lead to the requirement of integrating the CAS with the ERP and planning system. Approaches, such as CIM, digital factories (DF) and Industry 4.0 benefit from a broader database available with the CAS system employed

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3

Mohammad, Abdul Moeed. "Students' attitude towards computer algebra systems (CAS) and their choice of using CAS in problem-solving." International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology 50, no. 3 (August 10, 2018): 344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0020739x.2018.1506171.

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4

Huseyinov, Ilham, and Feride Savaroglu Tabak. "The Evaluation of Computer Algebra Systems Using Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Models." International Journal of Software Innovation 8, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsi.2020010101.

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The main purpose of this study is to present a systematic methodology based on fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (FMCDM) models to help users evaluate computer algebra systems (CAS). CAS is a software package for the manipulation of mathematical formulas. The suggested methodology is user-centred which involves users' subjective evaluation judgments. User judgments are represented by means of fuzzy linguistic modelling techniques. An evaluation criteria framework based on the concept of the usefulness of CAS is developed. Next, two FMCDM models – fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) are proposed for the evaluation procedure. The FAHP is applied to determine the relative importance weights of qualitative evaluation criteria; the FTOPSIS is applied to rank the CAS alternatives. The illustrated case study demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

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Brezgin, Sergey, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Dmitry Kostyushev, and Vladimir Chulanov. "Dead Cas Systems: Types, Principles, and Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (November 30, 2019): 6041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236041.

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The gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas has become the foundation for developing numerous molecular systems used in research and, increasingly, in medical practice. In particular, Cas proteins devoid of nucleolytic activity (dead Cas proteins; dCas) can be used to deliver functional cargo to programmed sites in the genome. In this review, we describe current CRISPR systems used for developing different dCas-based molecular approaches and summarize their most significant applications. We conclude with comments on the state-of-art in the CRISPR field and future directions.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik, and Izzet Cem Goknar. "Circuits and Systems in Turkey [CAS in the World]." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 21, no. 3 (2021): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2021.3092590.

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7

Freda, Andrew. "Sound Off!: To CAS or Not to CAS?" Mathematics Teacher 102, no. 1 (August 2008): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.102.1.0008.

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The AP Calculus Listserv recently posted an interesting discussion about whether mathematics teachers should continue to teach certain algebraic techniques such as rationalizing a numerator or whether we should move students away from symbolic manipulation and toward the use of computer algebra systems (CAS). One writer, who was concerned about mathematical literacy and cognitive development, argued against using CAS, contending that the activity of symbol manipulation helps solidify or enhance conceptual understanding of mathematics. Another writer, who was in favor of CAS, maintained that once teachers are convinced that students understand the idea behind a given skill, we should allow them to use CAS rather than practice the traditional skills of algebra.

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Freda, Andrew. "Sound Off!: To CAS or Not to CAS?" Mathematics Teacher 102, no. 1 (August 2008): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.102.1.0008.

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The AP Calculus Listserv recently posted an interesting discussion about whether mathematics teachers should continue to teach certain algebraic techniques such as rationalizing a numerator or whether we should move students away from symbolic manipulation and toward the use of computer algebra systems (CAS). One writer, who was concerned about mathematical literacy and cognitive development, argued against using CAS, contending that the activity of symbol manipulation helps solidify or enhance conceptual understanding of mathematics. Another writer, who was in favor of CAS, maintained that once teachers are convinced that students understand the idea behind a given skill, we should allow them to use CAS rather than practice the traditional skills of algebra.

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9

Metzger, Marc Christian, Amir Rafii, Bettina Holhweg-Majert, Annette M. Pham, and Brad Strong. "Comparison of 4 Registration Strategies for Computer-Aided Maxillofacial Surgery." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 137, no. 1 (July 2007): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2007.02.015.

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PURPOSE: Surgeons have recently started to use computer-aided surgery (CAS) to assist with maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. This study evaluates four different CAS registration strategies in the maxillofacial skeleton. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen fiducial markers were placed on each of four cadaveric heads. Four registration protocols were used: 1) group 1—invasive markers, 2) group 2—skin surface, 3) group 3—bony landmark, 4) group 4—intraoral splint. Two observers registered each head twice with each of the four protocols and measured the target registration error (TRE). The process was repeated on two different navigation systems for confirmation. RESULTS: The mean TRE values were: invasive, 1.13 ± 0.05 mm ( P < 0.05); skin, 2.03 ± 0.07 mm ( P < 0.05); bone, 3.17 ± 0.10 mm ( P < 0.05); and splint, 3.79 ± 0.13 mm ( P < 0.05). The TRE values were consistent across CAS systems. CONCLUSION: Of the techniques tested for CAS registration, invasive fiducial markers are the most accurate. Skin surface landmarks, bony landmarks, and an intraoral splint are incrementally less accurate.

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Burmistrz, Michal, Kamil Krakowski, and Agata Krawczyk-Balska. "RNA-Targeting CRISPR–Cas Systems and Their Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (February 7, 2020): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031122.

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Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems have revolutionized modern molecular biology. Numerous types of these systems have been discovered to date. Many CRISPR–Cas systems have been used as a backbone for the development of potent research tools, with Cas9 being the most widespread. While most of the utilized systems are DNA-targeting, recently more and more attention is being gained by those that target RNA. Their ability to specifically recognize a given RNA sequence in an easily programmable way makes them ideal candidates for developing new research tools. In this review we summarize current knowledge on CRISPR–Cas systems which have been shown to target RNA molecules, that is type III (Csm/Cmr), type VI (Cas13), and type II (Cas9). We also present a list of available technologies based on these systems.

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Garner, Sue, and Robyn Pierce. "A CAS Project Ten Years On." Mathematics Teacher 109, no. 8 (April 2016): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacher.109.8.0584.

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Wang, Feng, Chin-Chen Chang, and Hsiao-Ling Wu. "Secure CAS-based authentication scheme for mobile pay-TV systems." International Journal of Communication Systems 30, no. 10 (November 8, 2016): e3230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.3230.

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13

Sakairi, Takashi, Eldad Palachi, Chaim Cohen, Yoichi Hatsutori, Junya Shimizu, and Hisashi Miyashita. "Model Based Control System Design Using SysML, Simulink, and Computer Algebra System." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/485380.

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The Systems Modeling Language (SysML) is a standard, general-purpose, modeling language for model-based systems engineering (MBSE). SysML supports the specification, analysis, and design of a broad range of complex systems such as control systems. The authors demonstrate how they can integrate a SysML modeling tool (IBM Rational Rhapsody) with a proprietary simulation tool (MathWorks Simulink) and a Computer Algebra System (CAS) to validate system specification. The integration with Simulink enables users to perform systems engineering process in a SysML model, while designing continuous control algorithms and plant behavior in Simulink, and to validate the behavior by simulating the overall composition in Simulink. The integration with a CAS enables the evaluation of mathematical constraints defined in SysML parametric diagrams. The authors also show the overall approach using a Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) and a Cruise Control System as examples.

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Lenskaia, Tatiana, and Daniel Boley. "Prokaryote autoimmunity in the context of self-targeting by CRISPR-Cas systems." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 18, no. 05 (October 2020): 2050033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021972002050033x.

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Prokaryote adaptive immunity (CRISPR-Cas systems) can be a threat to its carriers. We analyze the risks of autoimmune reactions related to adaptive immunity in prokaryotes by computational methods. We found important differences between bacteria and archaea with respect to autoimmunity potential. According to the results of our analysis, CRISPR-Cas systems in bacteria are more prone to self-targeting even though they possess fewer spacers per organism on average than archaea. The results of our study provide opportunities to use self-targeting in prokaryotes for biological and medical applications.

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15

Setti, Gianluca. "Dear Members of the Circuits and Systems (CAS) Society [President's Message." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 10, no. 1 (2010): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2009.935696.

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16

Manganaro, Gabriele, Mohamad Sawan, and Yong Lian. "Launching the Open Journal of Circuits and Systems [CAS Society News]." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 19, no. 4 (2019): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2019.2945431.

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17

Ruppin, J., A. Steiner, C. Stoll, T. Laurin, A. Popovic, and E. Spüntrup. "In vitro evaluation of three different computer aided surgery systems (CAS) in dental implantology." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 34 (January 2005): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80961-0.

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18

Nicaud, Jean-FranÇois, Denis Bouhineau, and Hamid Chaachoua. "Mixing Microworld and Cas Features in Building Computer Systems that Help Students Learn Algebra." International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning 9, no. 2 (2004): 169–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ijco.0000040890.20374.37.

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19

Figueroa, Francisco, David Parker, Brett Fritsch, and Sam Oussedik. "New and evolving technologies for knee arthroplasty—computer navigation and robotics: state of the art." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jisakos-2017-000146.

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Computer-assisted navigation was introduced as an adjunct to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the potential of improving positioning and alignment of TKA implants. Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) can be divided into: passive (navigated TKA) or semiactive and active (robotic TKA). Passive CAS has shown improved results regarding alignment in TKA compared with conventional instrumentation but it has several possible complications such as registration errors, pin site complications, increased surgical time and a potentially longer learning curve. Robotic TKA has been developed to eliminate the possible error in the preparation of bone surfaces by the surgeon. There is still little evidence on these systems but the early results are encouraging. Despite better results in accuracy with both CAS systems, clinical benefits are still subject of debate. Additional research is required to fully define the costs and benefits of robotics in regular medical practice.

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20

Lee, Ang Wee, Nayef Mohamed Ghasem, and Mohamed Azlan Hussain. "Utilization of Mathematical Software Packages in Chemical Engineering Research." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2005): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.50180.

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Using Fortran taken as the starting point, we are now on the sixth decade of high-level programming applications. Among the programming languages available, computer algebra systems (CAS) appear to be a good choice in chemical engineering can be applied easily. Until the emergence of CAS, the assistance from a specialized group for large-scale programming is justified. Nowadays, it is more effective for the modern chemical engineer to rely on his/her own programming ability for problem solving. In the present paper, the abilities of Polymath, Maple, Matlab, Mathcad, and Mathematica in handling differential equations are illustrated for differential-algebraic equations, large system of nonlinear differential equations, and partial differential equations. The programming of solutions with these CAS are presented, contrasted, and discussed in relation to chemical engineering problems. Keywords: Computer algebra systems (CAS),computer simulation,Mathcad, Mathematica,Mathlab and numerical methods.

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Benedetti, Miriam, Francesca Bonfà, Vito Introna, Annalisa Santolamazza, and Stefano Ubertini. "Real Time Energy Performance Control for Industrial Compressed Air Systems: Methodology and Applications." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 3935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203935.

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Most manufacturing and process industries require compressed air to such an extent that in Europe, for instance, about 10% of the total electrical energy consumption of industries is due to compressed air systems (CAS). However, energy efficiency in compressed air production and handling is often ignored or underestimated, mainly because of the lack of awareness about its energy consumption, caused by the absence of proper measurements on CAS in most industrial plants. Therefore, any effective energy saving intervention on generation, distribution and transformation of compressed air requires proper energy information management. In this paper we demonstrate the importance of monitoring and controlling energy performance in compressed air generation and use, to enable energy saving practices, to enhance the outcomes of energy management projects, and to obtain additional benefits for non-energy-related activities, such as operations, maintenance management and energy accounting. In particular, we propose a novel methodology based on measured data, and baseline definition through statistical modelling and control charts. The proposed methodology is tested on a real compressed air system of a pharmaceutical manufacturing plant in order to verify its effectiveness and applicability.

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Mezhennaya, Natalia M., and Oleg V. Pugachev. "ON PERCEPTION OF COMPUTER ALGEBRA SYSTEMS AND MICROSOFT EXCEL BY ENGINEERING STUDENTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 77, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/19.77.379.

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This research presents the analysis of image of the popular program packages: CAS (Computer Algebra Systems) Matlab, Mathcad, Mathematica, and the spreadsheet ‘Microsoft Excel’ among students of engineering specializations studying in Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU). The research has explored perception of program packages by all students (N=164), and by male students (N=110) and female students (N=54) separately. Image of the program packages, convenience of their interfaces, usage scenarios, and applicability for solution of tasks of certain types have been explored via questioning the students. Moreover, the students assessed likelihood of using the programs in the future. It was established that all the program packages under consideration can be successfully used in the process of education, but some of them (Matlab and Mathematica) require additional lessons to learn their interface and peculiarities. Gender differences in perception of the program packages do not determine the education outcomes. The differences of perception of the programs are mainly caused by their popularity and the students’ skills of using certain programs. The following gender differences have been detected: in the female students’ sample, the programs Mathcad and Excel are leading, Matlab is performed a little worse; Matlab is associated with the statement “difficult / inconvenient interface”. In the male students’ sample, the three programs Matlab, Mathcad, and Microsoft Excel got nearly equal grades. Female students estimate future usage of Microsoft Excel higher than male students do. The CAS Mathematica takes the lowest places for both samples; as a possible cause of such result, it has been found that Mathematica is not widespread as compared to the other programs under consideration. Keywords: computer algebra system, education statistics, engineering education, mathematical education, Mathcad, Mathematica, Matlab, Microsoft Excel.

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El Yacoubi, Samira, Théo Plénet, Sara Dridi, Franco Bagnoli, Laurent Lefèvre, and Clément Raïevsky. "Some Control and Observation Issues in Cellular Automata." Complex Systems 30, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 391–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.30.3.391.

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This review article focuses on studying problems of observability and controllability of cellular automata (CAs) considered in the context of control theory, an important feature of which is the adoption of a state-space model. Our work first consists in generalizing the obtained results to systems described by CAs considered as the discrete counterpart of partial differential equations, and in exploring possible approaches to prove controllability and observability. After having introduced the notion of control and observation in cellular automata models, in a similar way to the case of discrete-time distributed parameter systems, we investigate these key concepts of control theory in the case of complex systems. For the controllability issue, the Boolean class is particularly studied and applied to the regional case, while the observability is approached in the general case and related to the reconstructibility problem for linear or nonlinear CAs.

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Buteau, Chantal, Daniel H. Jarvis, and Zsolt Lavicza. "On the Integration of Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) by Canadian Mathematicians: Results of a National Survey." Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education 14, no. 1 (January 2014): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14926156.2014.874614.

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25

Kostyushev, Dmitry, Anastasiya Kostyusheva, Sergey Brezgin, Valery Smirnov, Elena Volchkova, Alexander Lukashev, and Vladimir Chulanov. "Gene Editing by Extracellular Vesicles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (October 5, 2020): 7362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197362.

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CRISPR/Cas technologies have advanced dramatically in recent years. Many different systems with new properties have been characterized and a plethora of hybrid CRISPR/Cas systems able to modify the epigenome, regulate transcription, and correct mutations in DNA and RNA have been devised. However, practical application of CRISPR/Cas systems is severely limited by the lack of effective delivery tools. In this review, recent advances in developing vehicles for the delivery of CRISPR/Cas in the form of ribonucleoprotein complexes are outlined. Most importantly, we emphasize the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for CRISPR/Cas delivery and describe their unique properties: biocompatibility, safety, capacity for rational design, and ability to cross biological barriers. Available molecular tools that enable loading of desired protein and/or RNA cargo into the vesicles in a controllable manner and shape the surface of EVs for targeted delivery into specific tissues (e.g., using targeting ligands, peptides, or nanobodies) are discussed. Opportunities for both endogenous (intracellular production of CRISPR/Cas) and exogenous (post-production) loading of EVs are presented.

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Nidhi, Sweta, Uttpal Anand, Patrik Oleksak, Pooja Tripathi, Jonathan A. Lal, George Thomas, Kamil Kuca, and Vijay Tripathi. "Novel CRISPR–Cas Systems: An Updated Review of the Current Achievements, Applications, and Future Research Perspectives." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 3327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073327.

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According to Darwin’s theory, endless evolution leads to a revolution. One such example is the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)–Cas system, an adaptive immunity system in most archaea and many bacteria. Gene editing technology possesses a crucial potential to dramatically impact miscellaneous areas of life, and CRISPR–Cas represents the most suitable strategy. The system has ignited a revolution in the field of genetic engineering. The ease, precision, affordability of this system is akin to a Midas touch for researchers editing genomes. Undoubtedly, the applications of this system are endless. The CRISPR–Cas system is extensively employed in the treatment of infectious and genetic diseases, in metabolic disorders, in curing cancer, in developing sustainable methods for fuel production and chemicals, in improving the quality and quantity of food crops, and thus in catering to global food demands. Future applications of CRISPR–Cas will provide benefits for everyone and will save countless lives. The technology is evolving rapidly; therefore, an overview of continuous improvement is important. In this review, we aim to elucidate the current state of the CRISPR–Cas revolution in a tailor-made format from its discovery to exciting breakthroughs at the application level and further upcoming trends related to opportunities and challenges including ethical concerns.

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Westra, Edze R., and Bruce R. Levin. "It is unclear how important CRISPR-Cas systems are for protecting natural populations of bacteria against infections by mobile genetic elements." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 45 (October 29, 2020): 27777–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915966117.

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Articles on CRISPR commonly open with some variant of the phrase “these short palindromic repeats and their associated endonucleases (Cas) are an adaptive immune system that exists to protect bacteria and archaea from viruses and infections with other mobile genetic elements.” There is an abundance of genomic data consistent with the hypothesis that CRISPR plays this role in natural populations of bacteria and archaea, and experimental demonstrations with a few species of bacteria and their phage and plasmids show that CRISPR-Cas systems can play this role in vitro. Not at all clear are the ubiquity, magnitude, and nature of the contribution of CRISPR-Cas systems to the ecology and evolution of natural populations of microbes and the strength of selection mediated by different types of phage and plasmids to the evolution and maintenance of CRISPR-Cas systems. In this perspective, with the aid of heuristic mathematical–computer simulation models, we explore the a priori conditions under which exposure to lytic and temperate phage and conjugative plasmids will select for and maintain CRISPR-Cas systems in populations of bacteria and archaea. We review the existing literature addressing these ecological and evolutionary questions and highlight the experimental and other evidence needed to fully understand the conditions responsible for the evolution and maintenance of CRISPR-Cas systems and the contribution of these systems to the ecology and evolution of bacteria, archaea, and the mobile genetic elements that infect them.

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Haurie, Alain. "Théorie des systèmes et prospective : le cas de l’économie de l’énergie." L'Actualité économique 51, no. 2 (July 14, 2009): 240–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800620ar.

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The theory of systems is presented as an operational theory that can be used to modelize the structure of technical or social systems. Simulation and optimalization techniques can be used to operate this model on a computer for analyzing different scenarios. A recent study of the economy of energy and of the particular role of hydrogen is presented as an example of such a use of the theory of systems in the studies on prospective.

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Dubeau, François, Pierre-Olivier Julien, and Candido Pomar. "Étude de cas: un porcin dans un environnement sain." INFOR: Information Systems and Operational Research 46, no. 3 (August 2008): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/infor.46.3.199.

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30

Setti, Gianluca. "Dear Colleagues and Members of the Circuits and Systems (CAS) Society [Past President's Message]." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 11, no. 1 (2011): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2010.940092.

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31

Dolecek, Gordana Jovanovic. "Report on 12th IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems [CAS Society News]." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 21, no. 3 (2021): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2021.3092536.

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McCabe, James D. "Long-Haul Communications Support for Visualization of Computational Aeroscience Simulations." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 4, no. 2 (January 1995): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1995.4.2.110.

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This paper discusses the long-haul data communications requirements needed to support visualization of Computational Aeroscience (CAS) simulations. A scientific computing model is presented, from which current communications requirements are derived. This model is then expanded to describe the CAS collaborative visualization environment, in which scientists from multiple NASA centers will collaborate on multidisciplinary, time-accurate simulations. An analysis of this model indicates that CAS data communications requirements will increase to 10-100 megabytes/sec by 1996.

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Nava Guerrero, Graciela, Gijsbert Korevaar, Helle Hansen, and Zofia Lukszo. "Agent-Based Modeling of a Thermal Energy Transition in the Built Environment." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 5, 2019): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050856.

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To reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, an energy transition is taking place in the European Union. Achieving these targets requires changes in the heating and cooling sector (H&C). Designing and implementing this energy transition is not trivial, as technology, actors, and institutions interact in complex ways. We provide an illustrative example of the development and use of an agent-based model (ABM) for thermal energy transitions in the built environment, from the perspective of sociotechnical systems (STS) and complex adaptive systems (CAS). In our illustrative example, we studied the transition of a simplified residential neighborhood to heating without natural gas. We used the ABM to explore socioeconomic conditions that could support the neighborhoods’ transition over 20 years while meeting the neighborhoods’ heat demand. Our illustrative example showed that through the use of STS, CAS, and an ABM, we can account for technology, actors, institutions, and their interactions while designing for thermal energy transitions in the built environment.

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Gazdar, Tahani, Abdelfettah Belghith, and Abderrahim Benslimane. "A Distributed Secure Architecture for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 6, no. 4 (October 2010): 38–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jbdcn.2010100103.

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In this paper, the authors propose a dynamic Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) for vehicular ad hoc networks to distribute the role of the central certification authority (CA) among a set of dynamically elected CAs. The election process is based on a clustering algorithm relying on trust levels and relative mobility. Furthermore, the authors have adapted the Dynamic Demilitarized Zones to protect the elected CAs from malicious nodes and enable them to act as registration authorities (RA). Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the clustering algorithm and investigate the impact of the vehicle speed, the vehicle average arrival rate, and the percentage of confident vehicles on the stability and efficiency of the security infrastructure. The authors demonstrate the percentage of confident nodes has a little impact on these performance metrics and that the minimum number of CAs to cover the entire platoon.

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Topler, Marcel, Jožef Ritonja, and Boštjan Polajžer. "The Impact of the Imbalance Netting Process on Power System Dynamics." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 4733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244733.

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This paper discusses the imbalance netting process (INP) between control areas (CAs) that was developed due to the high costs of balancing energy. The main objective of INP is to net the demand for balancing energy between the participating CAs with opposite signs of interchange power variation. However, INP incorporates a frequency term; hence, it affects the frequency response of participating CAs inherently, which is not discussed in the literature. Therefore, the impacts of INP on the frequency quality and provision of load-frequency control (LFC) are shown thoroughly with dynamic simulations of a three-CA testing systems, in addition to an eigenvalue analysis of a two CA system. It is shown clearly herein that INP changes the eigenvalues of the system matrix, which results in decreased damping of the entire power system. Furthermore, the simulation results confirmed that INP reduces balancing energy, releases regulating reserve and reduces the unintended exchange of energy; thus, LFC performance indicators were improved. However, the impact of INP on frequency quality is not so explicit, since cases exist of frequency quality improvement and deterioration.

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36

Hicks, Martin G., and Clemens Jochum. "Substructure search systems. 1. Performance comparison of the MACCS, DARC, HTSS, CAS Registry MVSSS, and S4 substructure search systems." Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 30, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci00066a018.

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37

Wallis, Steven E. "Emerging order in CAS theory: mapping some perspectives." Kybernetes 37, no. 7 (September 17, 2008): 1016–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03684920810884388.

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Lu, Peng, Teng Hu, Hao Wang, Ruobin Zhang, and Guo Wu. "G-CAS: Greedy Algorithm-Based Security Event Correlation System for Critical Infrastructure Network." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (September 24, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3566360.

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The attacks on the critical infrastructure network have increased sharply, and the strict management measures of the critical infrastructure network have caused its correlation analysis technology for security events to be relatively backward; this makes the critical infrastructure network’s security situation more severe. Currently, there is no common correlation analysis technology for the critical infrastructure network, and most technologies focus on expanding the dimension of data analysis, but with less attention to the optimization of analysis performance. The analysis performance does not meet the practical environment, and real-time analysis is even more impossible; as a result, the efficiency of security threat detection is greatly declined. To solve this issue, we propose the greedy tree algorithm, a correlation analysis approach based on the greedy algorithm, which optimizes event analysis steps and significantly improves the performance, so the real-time correlation analysis can be realized. We first verify the performance of the algorithm through formalization, and then the G-CAS (Greedy Correlation Analysis System) is implemented based on this algorithm and is applied in a real critical infrastructure network, which outperformed the current mainstream products.

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39

Chung-Yu Wu. "Technical Committees New Adventure by IEEE CAS Society - Introduction to Nanoelectronics and Gigascale Systems Technical Committee." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 1, no. 2 (2001): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2001.938977.

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Di Capua, Giulia, Melika Payvand, Erika Covi, and Nazila Fough. "Women in Circuits and Systems (WiCAS) and Young Professionals (YP) at ICECS 2020 [CAS Society News]." IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine 21, no. 2 (2021): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcas.2021.3071634.

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Babu, B. Sathish, K. Bhargavi, and Pallapa Venkatarm. "CAs-Based QoS Scheme for Remote Health Monitoring." International Journal of Agent Technologies and Systems 5, no. 4 (October 2013): 44–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijats.2013100103.

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Integrated Wireless Networks (IWN) is an important area of today's research because of its application in comprehensive services like battlefield surveillance, traffic avoidance and control systems, mobile health monitoring, biological detection and agricultural fields, structural health monitoring, Computer-assisted rehabilitation and therapy, tele-robotic surgery, etc. IWNs are employed to collect voluminous data from different types of networks and correlate them to provide critical medical services with high reliability and efficiency. This paper proposes an architecture which uses Cognitive Agents (CAs) along with Behavior-Observation-Belief (BOB) model in the area of Remote Health Monitoring (RHM), in order to provide better QoS by reducing the latency. The analytical modeling and simulation of the proposed system shows that, there is a considerable reduction in latency compared to the existing Multi-Agent based m-Health Care system.

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Buss, E., R. De Mori, W. M. Gentleman, J. Henshaw, H. Johnson, K. Kontogiannis, E. Merlo, et al. "Investigating reverse engineering technologies for the CAS program understanding project." IBM Systems Journal 33, no. 3 (1994): 477–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.333.0477.

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43

Gurney, James, Maroš Pleška, and Bruce R. Levin. "Why put up with immunity when there is resistance: an excursion into the population and evolutionary dynamics of restriction–modification and CRISPR-Cas." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1772 (March 25, 2019): 20180096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0096.

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Bacteria can readily generate mutations that prevent bacteriophage (phage) adsorption and thus make bacteria resistant to infections with these viruses. Nevertheless, the majority of bacteria carry complex innate and/or adaptive immune systems: restriction–modification (RM) and CRISPR-Cas, respectively. Both RM and CRISPR-Cas are commonly assumed to have evolved and be maintained to protect bacteria from succumbing to infections with lytic phage. Using mathematical models and computer simulations, we explore the conditions under which selection mediated by lytic phage will favour such complex innate and adaptive immune systems, as opposed to simple envelope resistance. The results of our analysis suggest that when populations of bacteria are confronted with lytic phage: (i) In the absence of immunity, resistance to even multiple bacteriophage species with independent receptors can evolve readily. (ii) RM immunity can benefit bacteria by preventing phage from invading established bacterial populations and particularly so when there are multiple bacteriophage species adsorbing to different receptors. (iii) Whether CRISPR-Cas immunity will prevail over envelope resistance depends critically on the number of steps in the coevolutionary arms race between the bacteria-acquiring spacers and the phage-generating CRISPR-escape mutants. We discuss the implications of these results in the context of the evolution and maintenance of RM and CRISPR-Cas and highlight fundamental questions that remain unanswered. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems’.

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Shalaby, Karim, Mustapha Aouida, and Omar El-Agnaf. "Tissue-Specific Delivery of CRISPR Therapeutics: Strategies and Mechanisms of Non-Viral Vectors." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19 (October 5, 2020): 7353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21197353.

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The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) genome editing system has been the focus of intense research in the last decade due to its superior ability to desirably target and edit DNA sequences. The applicability of the CRISPR-Cas system to in vivo genome editing has acquired substantial credit for a future in vivo gene-based therapeutic. Challenges such as targeting the wrong tissue, undesirable genetic mutations, or immunogenic responses, need to be tackled before CRISPR-Cas systems can be translated for clinical use. Hence, there is an evident gap in the field for a strategy to enhance the specificity of delivery of CRISPR-Cas gene editing systems for in vivo applications. Current approaches using viral vectors do not address these main challenges and, therefore, strategies to develop non-viral delivery systems are being explored. Peptide-based systems represent an attractive approach to developing gene-based therapeutics due to their specificity of targeting, scale-up potential, lack of an immunogenic response and resistance to proteolysis. In this review, we discuss the most recent efforts towards novel non-viral delivery systems, focusing on strategies and mechanisms of peptide-based delivery systems, that can specifically deliver CRISPR components to different cell types for therapeutic and research purposes.

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Frick, Nicholas RJ, Felix Brünker, Björn Ross, and Stefan Stieglitz. "Comparison of disclosure/concealment of medical information given to conversational agents or to physicians." Health Informatics Journal 27, no. 1 (January 2021): 146045822199486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1460458221994861.

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Within the anamnesis, medical information is frequently withheld, incomplete, or incorrect, potentially causing negative consequences for the patient. The use of conversational agents (CAs), computer-based systems using natural language to interact with humans, may mitigate this problem. The present research examines whether CAs differ from physicians in their ability to elicit truthful disclosure and discourage concealment of medical information. We conducted an online questionnaire with German participants ( N = 148) to assess their willingness to reveal medical information. The results indicate that patients would rather disclose medical information to a physician than to a CA; there was no difference in the tendency to conceal information. This research offers a frame of reference for future research on applying CAs during the anamnesis to support physicians. From a practical view, physicians might gain better understanding of how the use of CAs can facilitate the anamnesis.

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Nazemi, Eslam, and Ali Farahani. "OMCM-CAS: organisational model and coordination mechanism for self-adaptation and self-organisation in collective adaptive systems." International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms 16, no. 1 (2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaip.2020.10027879.

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Farahani, Ali, and Eslam Nazemi. "OMCM-CAS: organisational model and coordination mechanism for self-adaptation and self-organisation in collective adaptive systems." International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms 16, no. 1 (2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaip.2020.106688.

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Kopanytsia, Yuri, Olena Gizha, Oksana Nechypor, and Nestan Tavartkiladze. "Determination of normal flow depth in cas maxima system." Problems of Water supply, Sewerage and Hydraulic, no. 35 (May 31, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2524-0021.2021.35.21-30.

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The development of personal mobile microprocessor gadgets, computer mathematics systems and interactive online supplements allow victoriousness in the initial process by algorithms of symbolic mathematics, numerical methods and hard functional graphical. The article shows a choice of options for engineering development of a standard task of assigning a normal depth in line with a trapezoidal living process. Discernible shortcomings of symbolic and numerical algorithms in the development of tasks in the CAS MAXIMA system. The article presents a visualization and method of a simple iterative solution of tasks. An assessment of the accuracy of the result was carried out using the graphical method. In parallel, the solution of the tasks is taken from the Web-interface to the on-line service of the CAS MAXIMA system on the CESGA server.

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Waits, Bert K., and Franklin Demana. "Soundoff: A Case against Computer Symbolic Manipulation in School Mathematics Today." Mathematics Teacher 85, no. 3 (March 1992): 180–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.85.3.0180.

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The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics and leaders in mathematics education must move vigorously to build a consensus for acceptance of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards (NCTM 1989). One important assumption of the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards is that all students should use computers and graphing calculators on a regular basis in school mathematics. The symbol-manipulating ability of such computer algebra systems (CAS) as the IBM Math Exploration Tool Kit, Mathematics™, and Derive™ can be used today in school mathematics to do algebra. However, we take exception to the use of computer symbol manipulation in school mathematics today for two important reasons.

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Le, Duc-Tai, Giyeol Im, Thang Le Duc, Vyacheslav V. Zalyubovskiy, Dongsoo S. Kim, and Hyunseung Choo. "Critical-Path Aware Scheduling for Latency Efficient Broadcast in Duty-Cycled Wireless Sensor Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (October 22, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5017319.

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Minimum latency scheduling has arisen as one of the most crucial problems for broadcasting in duty-cycled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Typical solutions for the broadcast scheduling iteratively search for nodes able to transmit a message simultaneously. Other nodes are prevented from transmissions to ensure that there is no collision in a network. Such collision-preventions result in extra delays for a broadcast and may increase overall latency if the delays occur along critical paths of the network. To facilitate the broadcast latency minimization, we propose a novel approach, critical-path aware scheduling (CAS), which schedules transmissions with a preference of nodes in critical paths of a duty-cycled WSN. This paper presents two schemes employing CAS which produce collision-free and collision-tolerant broadcast schedules, respectively. The collision-free CAS scheme guarantees an approximation ratio of (Δ-1)T in terms of latency, where Δ denotes the maximum node degree in a network. By allowing collision at noncritical nodes, the collision-tolerant CAS scheme reduces up to 10.2 percent broadcast latency compared with the collision-free ones while requiring additional transmissions for the noncritical nodes experiencing collisions. Simulation results show that broadcast latencies of the two proposed schemes are significantly shorter than those of the existing methods.

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