Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Computable general equilibrium'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Computable general equilibrium.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Rumler, Fabio. "Computable general equilibrium modeling. Numerical simulations in a 2-country monetary general equilibrium model." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/70/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
Nguyen, Tien Dung. "Trade Reforms in Vietnam : A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis." Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6310.
Full textSundberg, Marcus. "Spatial computable general equilibrium modelling : static and dynamic approaches." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Div. of transport and location analysis, Dept. of transport and economics, Royal institute of technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-484.
Full textPhilippidis, George. "Computable general equilibrium modelling of the Common Agricultural Policy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300387.
Full textGillham, Jonathan. "The economic interrelationships of tourism : a computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11330/.
Full textWinchester, Niven. "Trade, technology and relative wages : a computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11442/.
Full textTanaka, Tetsuji. "Risk assessment of food supply : a computable general equilibrium approach." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13627/.
Full textIdris, Jasmin. "A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of Energy Policies in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499404.
Full textBlake, Adam. "Computable general equilibrium modelling and the evaluation of agricultural policy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10336/.
Full textBevan, Alan Arthur. "Computable general equilibrium modelling of the Hungarian economy during transition." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1130.
Full textYerushalmi, Erez. "Essays in applied public economics using computable general equilibrium models." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/57035/.
Full textPunt, Cecilia. "Modelling multi-product industries in computable general equilibrium (CGE) models." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79959.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: It is common practice in computable general equilibrium (CGE) models that the output composition of multi-product industries remains constant despite changes in relative prices of products. The results of any scenario will show that products produced by a single industry will still be produced in the same ratio to each other as reflected by the base data. The objective of the study was to develop a CGE model for South Africa in which this assumption of fixed composition of output can be selectively relaxed. In order to allow industries to adjust their output composition in response to changes in relative prices of products a Constant Elasticity of Transformation (CET) function and the related first order condition were incorporated into an existing CGE model. This alternative specification of an output transformation function in the model enables the modeller to allow selected multi-product industries to increase production of products that show greater price increases relative to other products. The first order condition of the CET function determines the optimal combination of products for each industry. With the inclusion of the CET function there is a trade-off between theoretical rigour of the model and realism of the results, therefore an assumption of input-output separability was introduced as a way of recognising that the inclusion of a CET function violates the assumption that prices in the same row of a social accounting matrix (SAM) are equivalent. The model was calibrated with a SAM for South Africa for 2007 that was developed for purposes of this study. Set controls were included in the model to generalise the model in order that it can be calibrated with data from other countries as well. The SAM for South Africa contains provincial level information in the accounts for agriculture, labour and households. The agricultural industries are defined by geographical area, hence these industries are particularly good examples of multi-product industries that respond to relative price changes when determining production levels of individual products. The adjusted CGE model was used to analyse four scenarios focusing on selected issues mentioned in the National Development Plan for South Africa released by the National Planning Commission in 2011. The scenarios relate to increases in fruit exports as a result of global positioning, technical efficiency improvements for the agricultural sector through continued research and development, factor productivity growth in government and selected services sectors resulting from fighting corruption and curbing strikes, and augmenting the supply of skilled labour through an improvement in the quality of education. The results of the adjusted model show the desired effect: producers produce relatively more of the products for which they can get a relatively higher price and vice versa. This holds true regardless of whether the level of industry output increases or decreases. The impact of the model adjustment and the effects of changes in the levels of elasticities and choice of variables to close the model were analysed as part of the sensitivity analyses. The impact of changes in the functional form, elasticities and model closures on results, are different for each scenario.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is erkende praktyk in berekenbare algemene ewewigsmodelle dat die verhoudings waarin produkte tot mekaar geproduseer word deur multi-produk industrieë konstant gehou word, ongeag veranderings in relatiewe pryse van produkte. Die resultate van enige senario sal dus aandui dat die produkte wat deur 'n enkele industrie geproduseer word steeds in dieselfde verhouding tot mekaar geproduseer sal word, soos weerspieël in die basis data. Die doel van die studie was om 'n berekenbare algemene ewewigsmodel vir Suid-Afrika te ontwikkel wat die aanname dat die samestelling van elke industrie se uitset onveranderbaar is, selektief kan verslap. Om toe te laat dat industrieë die samestelling van uitset kan aanpas namate die relatiewe pryse van produkte verander, is 'n Konstante Elastisiteit van Transformasie funksie en die gepaardgaande eerste orde voorwaarde in 'n bestaande berekenbare algemene ewewigsmodel ingesluit. Die eerste orde voorwaarde bepaal die optimale verhoudings waarin produkte geproduseer moet word. Met die insluiting van die Konstante Elastisiteit van Transformasie funksie word teoretiese korrektheid van die model ingeboet in ruil vir meer realistiese resultate, dus is die aanname van inset-uitset onafhanklikheid gemaak en daardeur word ook erken dat as gevolg van die insluiting van die Konstante Elastisiteit van Transformasie funksie word daar nie meer voldoen aan die aanname data alle pryse in dieselfde ry van die sosiale rekeninge matriks (SRM) aan mekaar gelyk is nie. Die model is gekalibreer met 'n SRM vir Suid-Afrika vir 2007 wat vir doeleindes van die studie ontwikkel is. Deur die insluiting van kontroles vir versamelings is die model veralgemeen sodat die model ook met data van ander lande gekalibreer kan word. Die SRM vir Suid-Afrika se rekeninge vir landbou, arbeid en huishoudings bevat inligting op provinsiale vlak. Die landbou industrieë is volgens geografiese gebiede afgebaken en is dus besonder goeie voorbeelde van multi-produk industrieë wat reageer op relatiewe prys veranderings wanneer die produksievlakke van afsonderlike produkte bepaal word. Die aangepaste algemene ewewigsmodel is gebruik om vier senarios te ondersoek wat fokus op geselekteerde onderwerpe vervat in die Nasionale Ontwikkelingsplan wat deur die Nasionale Beplanningskommissie van Suid Afrika in 2011 vrygestel is. Die senarios hou verband met 'n styging in vrugte uitvoere as gevolg van globale posisionering, tegniese produktiwiteitsverhogings vir die landbousektor deur volgehoue navorsing en ontwikkeling, verhoging in die produktiwiteit van produksiefaktore van die regering en geselekteerde dienste sektore deur die aanspreek van korrupsie en vermindering in stakings, en die toename in geskoolde arbeid deur 'n verbetering in die kwaliteit van onderwys. Resultate van die aangepaste model toon die gewenste uitwerking: produsente produseer relatief meer van die produkte waarvoor hulle 'n relatiewe hoër prys kan kry, en omgekeerd. Dit geld ongeag of daar 'n verhoging of 'n verlaging in die vlak van die industrie se uitset is. Die impak van die modelaanpassing, die effek van veranderings in die vlakke van elastisiteite en die keuse van veranderlikes om die model te sluit, is geanaliseer as deel van die sensitiwiteitsanalises. Die impak van veranderings in die funksionele vorm, elastisiteite en modelsluiting op resultate, is verskillend vir elke senario.
Pizarro, Ríos Juan. "Electronic Commerce and Developing Countries: a Computable General Equilibrium Analysis." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117341.
Full textAlsheikh, Alwaleed. "A dynamic computable general equilibrium analysis of the Saudi Arabian economy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.499889.
Full textZhu, Jie. "A spatial computable general equilibrium model for London and surrounding regions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610888.
Full textWarziniack, Travis W. "Trade-related externalities and spatial public goods in computable general equilibrium." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1806724721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textGesualdo, Maria. "Building and running a computable general equilibrium tax model of Italy." Thesis, IMT Alti Studi Lucca, 2014. http://e-theses.imtlucca.it/136/1/Gesualdo_phdthesis.pdf.
Full textLee, Huey-Lin 1974. "Modelling private vehicle use in a computable general equilibrium model of Taiwan." Monash University, Centre of Policy Studies, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7895.
Full textHill, Martin. "Essays on environmental policy analysis : computable general equilibrium approaches applied to Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.) (EFI), 2001. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/551.htm.
Full textLecca, Patrizio. "Three essays on policy modelling : an inter-temporal computable general equilibrium approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=16831.
Full textOuraich, Ismail. "Agriculture, climate change, and adaptation in Morocco| A computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, Purdue University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3719694.
Full textThe empirical analysis in this dissertation comprises two essays investigating the impacts of climate change on agriculture in Morocco, with an emphasis on climate uncertainty and robust adaptation.
The first essay in Chapter 4 provides estimates of economic impacts of climate change, and estimates on the extent to which the current Moroccan agricultural development and investment strategy, the Plan Maroc Vert (PMV), could help in agricultural adaptation to climate change and uncertainty.
We simulated three cases. First, we examined the impacts of PMV on the economy in the absence of climate change and found that it could provide about a 2.4% increase in GDP if the targets could be achieved. Subsequently, we did a separate simulation of the impacts of climate change on the Moroccan economy with no PMV (CC-Only) and found that there would be negative GDP impacts ranging between -0.5% and -3% depending on the climate scenario under the without CO2 case. Including CO2 fertilization effects induces a slight change in the distribution of impacts, which range from -1.4% to +0.3%. Finally, we evaluated the extent to which PMV could help mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change, and we found that the gain was quite small ranging between +0.02% and +0.04%.
The ability of the PMV strategy to mitigate the negative effects of climate change is limited at best, if non-existent. This is due to the scope of the PMV simulations limited to the strategic agricultural crop sectors in Morocco, which jointly represent no more than 35% of aggregate agricultural GDP; whereas the rest of the sectors account for 65%. Additionally, the likelihood of meeting the PMV productivity targets is low in light of our benchmark analysis comparing productivity prior to and after the adoption of GMO technologies.
The second essay examines the interaction of globalization through trade liberalization and climate change. Our hypothesis was that the more trade is liberalized, the higher the potential to compensate for losses due to climate change.
Our findings suggest that at the global level, our hypothesis is verified. World welfare gains are highest under a multilateral trade liberalization scenario, which induces a total offset of climate change welfare losses. However, under partial trade liberalization, the welfare gains become very small in comparison with the climate change impacts.
At the regional level, the results are more nuanced and our hypothesis does not hold for all regions. For instance, and focusing on Morocco as a case study, the net welfare impacts associated with trade liberalization are negative on average. But under the multilateral trade liberalization scenario, Morocco experiences net welfare gains under the SRES A1B and B1, which respectively reached US$ +23 million and US$ +16 million. Although trade liberalization induces net allocative efficiency gains under most scenarios, the large negative terms of trade effects offset most of the gains.
Hwang, Sun-moon. "Economic impacts of open regionalism within APEC : a computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410429.
Full textGooroochurn, Nishaal. "Computable general equilibrium (GCE) modelling of tourism taxation : the case of Mauritius." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251775.
Full textKearney, Marna. "Restructuring value-added tax in South Africa a computable general equilibrium analysis /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09032004-134859.
Full textTimko, Troy Thomas. "Economic impact of adopting silvopasture in Florida a computable general equilibrium analysis /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0008944.
Full textGounder, Neelesh. "Trade Liberalization and Poverty in Fiji: A Computable General Equilibrium - Microsimulation Analysis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367969.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Sudarto, Economics Australian School of Business UNSW. "General equilibrium effects of an alternative social security development in Indonesia." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Economics, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43178.
Full textKhondker, Bazlul Haque. "Analysis of tariff and tax policies in Bangladesh : a computable general equilibrium approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36239/.
Full textOsman, Rehab Osman Mohamed. "The EU Economic Partnership Agreements with Southern Africa : a computable general equilibrium analysis." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38615/.
Full textSue, Wing Ian 1970. "Induced technical change in computable general equilibrium models for climate-change policy analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16783.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 329-352).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Policies to avert the threat of dangerous climate change focus on stabilizing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations by drastically reducing anthropogenic emissions of carbon. Such reductions require limiting the use of fossil fuels-which supply the bulk of energy to economic activity, and for which substitutes are lacking-which is feared will cause large energy price increases and reductions in economic welfare. However, a key determinant of the cost of emissions limits is technological change-especially innovation induced by the price changes that stem from carbon abatement itself, about which little is understood.This thesis investigates the inducement of technological change by limits on carbon emissions, and the effects of such change on the macroeconomic cost of undertaking further reductions. The analysis is conducted using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the US economy-a numerical simulation that determines aggregate welfare based on the interaction of prices with the demands for and supplies of commodities and factors across different markets. Within the model induced technical change (ITC) is represented by the effect of emissions limits on the accumulation of the economy's stock of knowledge, and by the reallocation of the intangible services generated by the stock, which are a priced input to sectoral production functions.
(cont.) The results elucidate four key features of ITC: (1) the inducement process, i.e., the mechanism by which relative prices determine the level and the composition of aggregate R&D; (2) the effects of changes in R&D on knowledge accumulation in the long-run, and of contemporaneous substitution of knowledge services within and among industries; (3) the loci of sectoral changes in intangible investment and knowledge inputs induced by emissions limits; and (4) the ultimate impact of the accumulation and substitution of knowledge on economic welfare.
by Ian Sue Wing.
Ph.D.
Kabajulizi, Judith. "Macroeconomic implications of healthcare financing reforms : a computable general equilibrium analysis of Uganda." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2016. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2545198/.
Full textNaqvi, Farzana. "GE-PAK : a computable general equilibrium model of energy-economy interaction in Pakistan." Phd thesis, Department of Economics, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3964.
Full textHOSSEINI, DELDOOST Seyed Mostafa. "IMPACTS OF CO2 TAX ON ITALIAN ECONOMY. A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM APPROACH (CGE)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389100.
Full textMbabazi, Jennifer. "Trade liberalisation, inequality and growth in developing countries." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288758.
Full textAdilu, Shiferaw A. "The implication of multilateral trade liberalization for Canada agriculture, a computable general equilibrium evaluation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ34719.pdf.
Full textCao, Jing. "Essays on environmental tax policy analysis dynamic computable general equilibrium approaches applied to China /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3264920.
Full textLuna, Martinez Sergio Alejandro. "Trade liberalisation and industrial organisation in Mexican manufacturing industry : a computable general equilibrium approach." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339146.
Full textDeng, Ziliang. "The productivity spillovers of foreign direct investment in China : a computable general equilibrium model." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/29397/.
Full textKanakaratnam, Arjuna. "Reforming the Sri Lankan Employees' Provident Fund : a computable general equilibrium simulation based study." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431983.
Full textWaugh, C. (Caleb Joseph). "An integrated assessment of air pollutant abatement opportunities in a computable general equilibrium framework." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72904.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-121).
Air pollution and anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission reduction policies are desirable to reduce smog, tropospheric concentrations of ozone precursors, acid rain, and other adverse effects on human health, the environment, and the economy. While reduction of both air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions is often attained through economic instruments such as taxes, caps, and other regulation, emission controls in both developed and developing countries often achieves reduction through policies that target air pollution and greenhouse gases separately. However, because the emissions of both air pollution and greenhouse gases are often intrinsically linked to the same sources, any attempt to design policies to optimally achieve desired reduction goals must consider the complex socioeconomic interactions that produce both kinds of emissions as they collectively react to regulatory constraints. Integrated assessment models have often been used as tools to inform policy design by representing the interactions between technology, economics, policy, and the environment within a self-contained framework. Many contemporary integrated assessment models consider emissions of greenhouse gases while others also consider air pollution emissions. While greenhouse gas reduction opportunities are often represented endogenously in the models through the availability of backstop technologies such as carbon capture and storage or by shifts away from carbon intensive to less carbon intensive production, representation of air pollutant reduction has largely been represented within integrated assessment models exogenously based on empirically observed trends. By treating air pollution reduction opportunities exogenously, such models are unable to represent many key considerations important to policy design including the true economic impact of air pollutant reduction policy, the impact such policies may have on the market penetration of backstop energy production technologies, and the ancillary co-benefits of air pollution policy on greenhouse gas emission reduction. To overcome current limitations imposed by exogenous representation of air pollution abatement, I develop a new method for representing air pollutant abatement opportunities endogenously within an integrated assessment model designed using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework. CGE models are often used to simulate macroeconomic activity based on microeconomic theory and are well suited for emission policy analysis because of their ability to represent the interactions between multiple economic regions and sectors, to connect emission sources to economic activity, and to accommodate a large degree of technological detail not captured by other macroeconomic models. Using this new method, I demonstrate how the parameters needed to represent the abatement opportunities are derived from engineering data on specific abatement technologies available within each economic sector and for distinct fuel types as air pollution is largely generated through the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. With both the methodology and parameterization established, I represent sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide abatement opportunities in the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model and compare model results with previous representations of air quality pollutant reduction methodologies based on exogenous trends. An example of how the model predicts co-benefits for C0₂ reduction and policy costs in China is then presented. Overall, the new model demonstrates the ability to fully capture important effects relevant to policy design not captured in integrated assessment models where air pollution abatement is exogenously represented.
by Caleb J. Waugh.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
Easterly, William Russell. "A computable general equilibrium model of Mexico with portfolio balances : with application to devaluation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15128.
Full textMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY
Includes bibliographies.
by William Russell Easterly.
Ph.D.
Kraybill, David S. "A computable general equilibrium analysis of regional impacts of macro-shocks in the 1980S." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53561.
Full textPh. D.
Banerjee, Onil. "Socioeconomic and environmental impacts of forest concessions in Brazil a computable general equilibrium analysis /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0022324.
Full textLiyanaarachchi, Tilak Susantha. "Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in Sri Lanka: A Computable General Equilibrium Micro-Macro Analysis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368152.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Chalise, Sudarshan. "Climate Change, Adaptation in Agriculture and Poverty in Nepal: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367804.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
Full Text
Breuss, Fritz, and Jean Tesche. "A general equilibrium analysis of East-West migration. The case of Austria-Hungary." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1996. http://epub.wu.ac.at/870/1/document.pdf.
Full textSeries: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
De, Schoutheete Dimitri. "Control of Carbon Emissions and Energy Fiscal Reform in Spain A Computable General Equilibrium Assessment." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/107852.
Full textThis study develops a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to assess the potential sectoral and macroeconomic impacts of different tax policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions and improve energy efficiency in Spain over the medium term. The CGE formulation allows to take into account the interactions of the main agents in a small open economy, the macroeconomic closures and the resources allocation mechanisms of the proposed tax reforms. Representing schematically the structure of the Spanish economy, the CGE model includes 27 economic sectors, one representative household, the public sector, one representative non-profit institution serving households and two foreign sectors, one for the EU-15 countries and the other for the rest of the world. It also includes an explicit disaggregation of the Spanish tax system. This model is calibrated to a benchmark social accounting matrix for the year 2000, derived from the Spanish National Accounts. It emphasizes in particular energy disaggregation for production and consumption activities, allowing substitutions between energy inputs. All the policy scenarios simulate an ex-ante reduction in different current tax rates, generating a decrease in corresponding tax revenues equivalent to a 1% reduction of GDP. For these expansionary fiscal policies, we consider four variants referring to distinct tax categories: a reduction of the employers Social Security contributions rates; a reduction of the value added tax rates; a reduction of the private income tax rate; and a joint reduction of the private income tax and the corporate income tax rates. With the tax revenue losses generated by the initial fiscal policies, the simulations contemplate two types of responses. In a first alternative, the tax reductions remain uncompensated by other tax revenues or a decrease in public investment expenditure. In a second alternative, the same tax reductions are simulated employing three different compensatory mechanisms to guarantee a constant ratio of public deficit to GDP: a cut in public investment expenditure, determined endogenously; the introduction of a tax on the carbon content of fossil fuels, with its rate being endogenously determined; the introduction of a twin tax on energy inputs with 50% of the tax to be based on the carbon content of the fuels and the other 50% on the energy content. The results suggest that some tax policy scenarios allow to obtain a “double dividend”. In other words, for some of the policy scenarios considered, an energy tax reform could achieve significant reductions in carbon emissions without jeopardizing the level of economic activity and employment. The variant reducing the employers Social Security contributions rates appears as the most favourable option, as it represents the only variant with scenarios involving an increase in real GDP and employment level, concomitant with a significant reduction in carbon emissions. The sectors most negatively affected by the carbon/energy taxes are the ones which provide the energy inputs on which these taxes are based (coal, gas, refined petroleum, electricity) and the sectors having an intensive use of these energy inputs. The fact that the employment effects of taxing Spanish carbon emissions do not appear so dramatic indicates that the distribution of production factors allows the economy to absorb the negative shocks on the energy intensive sectors through an expansion in other sectors, relatively more labour intensive.
Flaig, Dorothee [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Grethe. "Factor mobility and heterogeneous labour in computable general equilibrium modelling / Dorothee Flaig. Betreuer: Harald Grethe." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052933556/34.
Full textTRAN, Thanh Tu. "A Study on Low Carbon Development with a Computable General Equilibrium Model : Application to Vietnam." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/161002.
Full textNaranpanawa, Athula Kithsiri Bandara, and n/a. "Trade Liberalisation and Poverty in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model: The Sri Lankan Case." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070130.165943.
Full text