Academic literature on the topic 'Compromise settlements'
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Journal articles on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Esmail, Shakirah, and Jason Corburn. "Struggles to remain in Kigali’s “unplanned” settlements: the case of Bannyahe." Environment and Urbanization 32, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247819886229.
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Examining the precarious status of informal settlements in Kigali at a time of large-scale planning-induced expropriation, this article considers urban contestation in the context of the city’s changing spatial-legal regime. We analyse the case of one informal settlement’s expropriation and relocation – the settlement of Bannyahe – and the contestation that has ensued as resident property owners take the District of Gasabo to court. Through interviews with settlement residents, we follow the fates of these displaced urban citizens and consider their struggles to remain in their homes. Finally, we suggest that such contestation over legal procedural regularity and negotiation over property valuation at the neighbourhood level forms the limit of overt opposition to the city’s masterplan. Terming these limits to contestation “silent boundaries” that circumscribe contestation for property owners in the Bannyahe settlement, we offer perspectives on contestation and compromise amidst urban socio-spatial reordering in the “new Kigali”.
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Fabbe, Kristin, Chad Hazlett, and Tolga Sınmazdemir. "A persuasive peace: Syrian refugees’ attitudes towards compromise and civil war termination." Journal of Peace Research 56, no. 1 (January 2019): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343318814114.
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Civilians who have fled violent conflict and settled in neighboring countries are integral to processes of civil war termination. Contingent on their attitudes, they can either back peaceful settlements or support warring groups and continued fighting. Attitudes toward peaceful settlement are expected to be especially obdurate for civilians who have been exposed to violence. In a survey of 1,120 Syrian refugees in Turkey conducted in 2016, we use experiments to examine attitudes towards two critical phases of conflict termination – a ceasefire and a peace agreement. We examine the rigidity/flexibility of refugees’ attitudes to see if subtle changes in how wartime losses are framed or in who endorses a peace process can shift willingness to compromise with the incumbent Assad regime. Our results show, first, that refugees are far more likely to agree to a ceasefire proposed by a civilian as opposed to one proposed by armed actors from either the Syrian government or the opposition. Second, simply describing the refugee community’s wartime experience as suffering rather than sacrifice substantially increases willingness to compromise with the regime to bring about peace. This effect remains strong among those who experienced greater violence. Together, these results show that even among a highly pro-opposition population that has experienced severe violence, willingness to settle and make peace are remarkably flexible and dependent upon these cues.
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Puška, Adis, Dragan Pamucar, Ilija Stojanović, Fausto Cavallaro, Arturas Kaklauskas, and Abbas Mardani. "Examination of the Sustainable Rural Tourism Potential of the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina Using a Fuzzy Approach Based on Group Decision Making." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020583.
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Tourism is an economic activity with great contribution for the development of many countries. To develop rural areas, tourism is especially important and need to be improved in these areas. The Government of Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina has decided to have tourism improvement as one of main objectives in their development strategy focusing on better conditions for development of tourism. Investments in tourism should be applied to the entire area of the Brčko District. Since Brčko District mainly consists of rural areas, it is necessary to invest in rural tourism. The first step of this study was to determine the tourist potential of rural areas. The determination of rural tourist potential in Brčko District was carried out with the assistance of the Brčko District Government. For this purpose, the method of expert decision-making was used, and three experts were selected who evaluated six rural settlements. To obtain results based on expert evaluation, two multi-criteria methods were used: the Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) for determining the importance of criteria and the fuzzy Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) method to rank rural settlements in terms of their tourism potential. The results showed that the settlement of Bijela has the best rural tourist potential, while the settlement of Grbavica has the least potential. The results obtained by applying this model showed how rural tourism in Brčko District can be improved. The research model for testing the tourism potential has shown good results and can be applied in other branches of tourism with some adaptation to certain branches of tourism.
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Puška, Adis, Dragan Pamucar, Ilija Stojanović, Fausto Cavallaro, Arturas Kaklauskas, and Abbas Mardani. "Examination of the Sustainable Rural Tourism Potential of the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina Using a Fuzzy Approach Based on Group Decision Making." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020583.
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Tourism is an economic activity with great contribution for the development of many countries. To develop rural areas, tourism is especially important and need to be improved in these areas. The Government of Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina has decided to have tourism improvement as one of main objectives in their development strategy focusing on better conditions for development of tourism. Investments in tourism should be applied to the entire area of the Brčko District. Since Brčko District mainly consists of rural areas, it is necessary to invest in rural tourism. The first step of this study was to determine the tourist potential of rural areas. The determination of rural tourist potential in Brčko District was carried out with the assistance of the Brčko District Government. For this purpose, the method of expert decision-making was used, and three experts were selected who evaluated six rural settlements. To obtain results based on expert evaluation, two multi-criteria methods were used: the Full Consistency Method (FUCOM) for determining the importance of criteria and the fuzzy Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to the COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) method to rank rural settlements in terms of their tourism potential. The results showed that the settlement of Bijela has the best rural tourist potential, while the settlement of Grbavica has the least potential. The results obtained by applying this model showed how rural tourism in Brčko District can be improved. The research model for testing the tourism potential has shown good results and can be applied in other branches of tourism with some adaptation to certain branches of tourism.
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Bozóki, András. "Theoretical Interpretations of Elite Change in East Central Europe." Comparative Sociology 2, no. 1 (2003): 215–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913303100418762.
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AbstractElite theory enjoyed a remarkable revival in Central and Eastern Europe, and also in international social science research, during the 1990s. Many researchers coming from different schools of thought turned to the analysis of rapid political and social changes and ended up doing centered research. Since democratic transition and elite transformation seemed to be parallel processes, it was understandable that sociologists and political scientists of the region started to use elite theory. The idea of "third wave" of democratization advanced a reduced, more synthetic, "exportable" understanding of democracy in the political science literature. The main focus of social sciences shifted from structures to actors, from path dependency to institutional choices. Transitions, roundtable negotiations, institution-building, constitution-making, compromise-seeking, pactmaking, pact-breaking, strategic choices — all of these underlined the importance of elites and research on them. Elite settlements were seen as alternatives of social revolution. According to a widely shared view democratic institutions came into existence through negotiations and compromises among political elites calculating their own interests and desires. The elite settlement approach was then followed by some important contributions in transitology which described the process of regime change largely as "elite games." By offering a systematic overview of the theoretical interpretations of elite change from New Class theory to recent theorizing of elite change (conversion of capital, reproduction, circulation, political capitalism, technocratic continuity, three elites and the like), the paper also gives an account of the state of the arts in elite studies in different new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe.
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Zume, Joseph T. "Assessing the potential risks of burial practices on groundwater quality in rural north-central Nigeria." Journal of Water and Health 9, no. 3 (May 30, 2011): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2011.193.
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Several cultures of north-central Nigeria do not use community cemeteries. Instead, human remains are buried in and around family compounds, often in shallow and sometimes unmarked graves. At several locations, graves and drinking water wells end up too close to be presumed environmentally safe. This paper reports findings of a pilot study that explored the potential for groundwater contamination from gravesites in some rural settlements of north-central Nigeria. Preliminary results suggest that the long-standing burial practices among some cultures of rural north-central Nigeria may potentially compromise groundwater quality, which is, by far, their most important source of drinking water.
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Seleny, Anna. "Old Political Rationalities and New Democracies: Compromise and Confrontation in Hungary and Poland." World Politics 51, no. 4 (July 1999): 484–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100009230.
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Studies of democratic consolidation tend to highlight the same factors previously used to explain countries' transitional dynamics. Yet one cannot properly understand success or failure in democratic consolidation—much less discern significant qualitative differences among consolidated democracies—by focusing exclusively on formal institutions, modes of transition, incentive structures, or exogenous factors. Close inspection of two newly consolidated democracies—Poland and Hungary—shows that despite radically altered institutional arrangements, legal structures, and political-economic incentives, the most important determinants of the models of democracy emerging today derive from pretransition conceptual frames and informal political settlements. Specifically, the core conflicts between ruling elites and society in communist Poland and Hungary, as well as the patterns of political accommodation that evolved in the management of those conflicts, continue to structure the political agenda and order debate in both countries. In Poland overlapping ethical-ideological cleavages and failures of political accommodation under the ancien regime have resulted in a confrontational-pluralist model of democracy. In contrast, Hungary's compromise-corporatist model stems from early informal accommodation between the party-state and society that recast most conflicts as “economic” in nature. These long-standing conflicts and political patterns explain striking contemporary differences in social mobilization, party competition, and constitutional development. The article concludes with a discussion of how these models are likely to shape each country's prospects for sustained governability and increased democratic legitimacy.
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Henderson, Susan R. "Ernst May and the Campaign to Resettle the Countryside: Rural Housing in Silesia, 1919-1925." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 61, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 188–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991839.
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In 1919 Ernst May became the head of rural housing for the province of Silesia in eastern Germany. Silesian agriculture had long suffered from rural flight. The situation worsened in 1922 when the partition brokered by the Allies brought chaos in the mining industry and a flood of refugees. As head of the provincial stabilization effort called interior colonization, May was in charge of settlement programs to aid three constituencies of special concern: the farmworkers, the miners, and the refugees. Between 1919 and 1923, Germany's national rural housing effort employed a contradictory strategy of modernization set within corporative ideology, a "third way" that trumpeted a quasi-feudal social order as a path to political accord. May's Silesian work chronicles the impact of Modernism and corporatism on early Weimar housing: his settlements for farmworkers and miners celebrated their unique cultural traditions, while he experimented in rationalization techniques to increase housing production and reduce costs. With corporatism's decline after Germany's return to economic stability in 1924, modernization was increasingly accepted as an unalloyed virtue, and the veil of corporatism lifted. In 1924, challenged by the circumstances of the refugee housing program just at the moment the corporative compromise came to an end, May engaged in a series of experiments in polychromy, prefabricated construction, mass production, and standardization that reflected a more purely modern approach to the housing problem.
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Galve, J. P., C. Castañeda, and F. Gutiérrez. "Railway deformation detected by DInSAR over active sinkholes in the Ebro Valley evaporite karst, Spain." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 6 (June 16, 2015): 3967–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-3967-2015.
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Abstract. Previously not measured subsidence on railway tracks was detected using DInSAR displacement maps produced for the central sector of Ebro Valley (NE Spain). This area is affected by evaporite karst and the analyzed railway corridors traverse active sinkholes that produce deformations in these infrastructures. One of the railway tracks affected by slight settlements corresponds to the Madrid–Barcelona high-speed line, a transport infrastructure highly vulnerable to ground deformation processes. Our analysis based on DInSAR measurements and geomorphological surveys indicate that this line show dissolution-induced subsidence and compaction of anthropogenic deposits (infills and embankments). By using DInSAR techniques, it was also measured the significant subsidence related to the activity of sinkholes in the Castejón–Zaragoza conventional railway line. Thus, this study demonstrate that DInSAR velocity maps coupled with detailed geomorphological surveys may help in the identification of the sectors of railway tracks that may compromise the safety of travellers.
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Metzger, Jean Paul. "Effects of deforestation pattern and private nature reserves on the forest conservation in settlement areas of the Brazilian Amazon." Biota Neotropica 1, no. 1-2 (2001): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032001000100003.
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The effects of deforestation patterns, private nature-reserve extents and agricultural fallow periods on forest conservation were simulated for settlement projects in the Brazilian Amazon that produce a fish-bone pattern of occupation and where slash-and-burn agriculture is predominantly used. Data for simulation was obtained from previous work at the Bragantina region, the oldest agricultural frontier in the Brazilian Amazon. Forest conservation was evaluated using the size of remnant forest fragments, the amount of interior habitat, the connectivity among fragments and the extent of fragmentation. Results showed that the best scenario for forest conservation is the maintenance of 80% of the lot as privatereserve using deforestation pattern that allow to group the reserves from different farmers at the end of the lot. When private-reserve coverage is bellow 80% of the landscape, forest conservation status will be influenced by the deforestation pattern. Some patterns (e.g. random location of deforestation plots) will then be particularly deleterious, producing a highly fragmented landscape, while other patterns (e.g., progressive deforestation from one edge) can allow the maintenance of large forest fragments. To get forest conservation in these cases, private-reserve extent and deforestation pattern should be considered together. Considering both forest conservation and agricultural use, progressive patterns of deforestation (or land use) in a lot of 2,000m by 500m, with private nature-reserves covering 50% of the landscape seems to be the best compromise. To guarantee the private forest preservation, these forests should be pre-established when settlements are planned and grouped at the end of the lots.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Preston, Matthew. "Rhodesia, Lebanon and civil war termination." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368655.
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Yamali, Namtip. "Exotic Settlements through Compromise: The Interpretation of the Western Diplomatic Compounds in Siam, 1855 to WW II." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1584016028637727.
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Walton, Nina. "Applications of game theory corporate governance, private school admissions and settlement negotiations /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1680034811&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Du, Toit Leo. "Tax implications for business rescues in South African Law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26627.
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The South African Revenue Service has in the past had difficulty in applying debt forgiveness in cases of corporate and business rescues. Taxation legislation was drafted to counter innovative section 311 schemes of arrangements where the sole purpose was to obtain maximum taxations benefits in relation to entities in financial difficulties. This approach was only concerned with the interests of the Revenue authorities. The central theme of this study focuses of the procedures now available to tax authorities and debtors alike when compromises were and are considered in South Africa in terms of income tax and company legislation. The South Africa Revenue Service’s approach the corporate rehabilitation is examined which is vital for investors, creditors and debtors alike. A comparative study with similar procedures in England is undertaken to establish how valid the procedures are in establishing a viable corporate rescue environment in South Africa in the future.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Procedural Law
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Simão, Lucas Pinto. "Transação em conflitos transindividuais de consumo: análise no âmbito extrajudicial e judicial." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19725.
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This work aims at the analysis of settlement in the context of consumer class actions in accordance to the Brazilian law. Therefore, initially, we will hold brief notes about difficulties on the access to justice within the context of a mass consumer society when there is a preeminent need to develop mechanisms to enable effective judicial protection of consumers. In this context, we will address the class action as an important instrument on the access to justice on a mass consumer society and will aim to delineate what is to be a class action and that defines the so called collective civil jurisdiction. In this step, it will be traced a brief overview of the class action in US law, English law, in some countries members of the European Union and in Brazil. At this time, a methodological cut will be made in the treatment of class actions as mechanisms on the access to justice, for the purpose of analyzing the settlement from the point of view of civil law and Brazilian civil law procedure. The settlement will be pointed out as an important form of consumer conflict resolution, we will check their requirements for the objective and subjective level, as well as its advantages and disadvantages. Next, we will study the settlement in the light of class actions in the Brazilian collective civil process, particularly those related to the protection of diffuse rights, collective and / or individual homogeneous rights of consumers. The concepts involved in a class action are much more complex than an ordinary individual process, which substantially changes the shape and even the possibility of being held a settlement on a conflict involving diffuse rights, collective and / or individual homogeneous rights of consumers. After tracing the difficulties of interpretation of the settlement in the Brazilian collective civil process, we will analyze the settlements in class actions according to US law and will be mention the advantages and / or disadvantages of using the US model of class action settlement in Brazilian law. In the final development, we will draw few lines on how to achieve the settlement involving collective conflict involving diffuse rights, collective and / or individual homogeneous rights of consumers, specifically analyzing alternative means of conflict resolution and the duty / power of the judge to encourage conciliation / mediation in consumer class actions. At the end, we will be able to establish a discussion of proposals that could allow better treatment for settlements involving consumer class actions
Este trabalho tem por objeto a análise do instituto da transação no âmbito das ações coletivas de consumo no direito brasileiro. Para tanto, inicialmente, realizaremos breves apontamentos quanto às dificuldades no acesso à justiça dentro de uma sociedade de consumo em massa, de forma que há necessidade de serem desenvolvidos mecanismos para o fim de se permitir uma efetiva tutela jurisdicional em prol dos consumidores. Com este contexto, passaremos a abordar a ação coletiva como importante instrumento para o acesso à justiça na sociedade de consumo em massa e procuraremos definir o que vem a ser um processo coletivo e o que define a chamada jurisdição civil coletiva. Neste passo, será traçado um breve panorama das ações coletivas no direito norte-americano, no direito inglês, em alguns países membros da União Europeia e no Brasil. Neste momento, será realizado um corte metodológico no tratamento das ações coletivas como mecanismos de acesso à justiça, para o fim de analisar a transação sob o ponto de vista do direito civil e processual civil brasileiro. Será analisada a transação como importante forma de resolução de conflitos, verificado seus requisitos pelo plano objetivo e subjetivo, bem como suas vantagens e desvantagens como forma de resolução de conflitos. Ato seguinte, passaremos a estudar a transação à luz das ações coletivas no processo civil coletivo brasileiro, em especial aquelas voltadas à proteção de direitos difusos, coletivos e/ou individuais homogêneos de consumidores. Os conceitos envolvidos nas ações coletivas são muito mais complexos do que em um processo individual ordinário, o que modifica substancialmente a forma e até mesmo a possibilidade de ser celebrada transação para resolução de conflitos envolvendo direitos difusos, coletivos e/ou individuais homogêneos. Após ter traçado as dificuldades da interpretação do instituto da transação no processo civil coletivo brasileiro, será realizada uma análise das transações em ações coletivas no direito norte-americano e será realizado um cotejo acerca das vantagens e/ou desvantagens do uso do modelo norte-americano de class action settlement no direito brasileiro. Já no desenvolvimento final do trabalho, serão traçadas breves linhas sobre a forma de se alcançar a transação envolvendo conflito coletivo de consumo relacionado a direitos difusos, coletivos e/ou individuais homogêneos, analisando especificamente os meios alternativos de resolução de conflitos e o dever/poder de o juiz incentivar a conciliação/mediação nas ações coletivas de consumo. Ao final, será possível estabelecer uma discussão a respeito de propostas que permitiriam um melhor tratamento das transações envolvendo ações coletivas de consumo
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Perrier, Jean-Baptiste. "La transaction en matière pénale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1021.
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Contrat par lequel les parties terminent une contestation née ou préviennent une contestation à naître, la transaction présente a priori une utilité remarquable pour la matière pénale. L'identification de la logique transactionnelle suppose toutefois que de tels procédés répressifs mettent un terme définitif au litige et ce au moyen de concessions de la part de l'auteur des faits et des autorités ou administrations chargées des poursuites. Seules la transaction pénale et la composition pénale revêtent ces qualités. Une telle transposition implique que la matière en cause puisse connaître d'un règlement des suites de l'infraction déterminé par les parties, hors du juge, mais aussi d'un règlement définitif. Les caractéristiques des alternatives aux poursuites témoignent alors de la réception de la technique transactionnelle dans la matière pénale. Ce constat ne peut pour autant suffire, la transposition de la transaction suppose également l'insertion d'un contrat dans le processus répressif. La mise à l'épreuve de la transaction à la matière pénale conduit à relever certains obstacles, tenant au consentement de l'auteur des faits ou encore à l'indisponibilité de l'action publique. Cette opposition conduit à une adaptation de la transaction à la matière pénale. Les alternatives aux poursuites révèlent l'existence de mesures à caractère répressif, proposées à l'auteur des faits et acceptées par lui dans un cadre déjudiciarisé : les sanctions transactionnelles. La reconnaissance de cette catégorie spécifique de sanctions permet d'entrevoir un certain nombre d'améliorations, afin que ces sanctions transactionnelles soient le fruit d'un accord équitableContract with which parties settle or prevent a complaint, the compromise seems to be an outstanding and useful tool in criminal process. However, the identification of the settlement approach presupposes that repressive processes permit to settle the dispute definitively, with concessions from the perpetrators and the Authorities. Only two mechanisms of criminal settlement take on these qualities. Such adaptation implies that the parties could settle the consequences of an offence, without any involvement of a magistrate, but also definitively. The characteristics of the alternative prosecution measures attest the use of the settlement technique in criminal law. However, this aknowledgment is not enough since the transposition of the compromise settlement requires also to introduce a contract in the prosecution process. The comparison of the compromise contract with criminal matter reveals an opposition, some difficulties due to the consent of the perpetrators or Public prosecution. These difficulties necessary lead the settlement to be adapted to this matter. Without the contractual side, the alternative prosecution measures are considered as repressive measures, proposed to the perpetrator and accepted by him outside the formal judicial frame : settlement sanctions. Recognition of this specific sanctions category allowed improvements in order to achieve the settlement sanctions are the result of a fair agreement
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Villares, Andréa Lúcia Nazário. "Instrumentos jurídicos consensuais para proteção à concorrência." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8837.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-18The work is about the legal instruments used by economic agents and the authority of the defense of competition in Brazil. The main objective of this study was to discuss the tools provided by law for the defense of competition, and others adopted by the Brazilian antitrust authority, investigating to what extent are agreed ways to protect competition. Moreover, during the study, it was aimed to identify some questions generated by the adoption of instruments such as its assumptions for adoption, the legal thresholds, intervention of third parties, scope of its provisions, identifying, even if the set of clauses was consensual. The scope of the terms of the instruments raised the analysis of the application of several principles, identifying whether there is violation of the principle of legality in the name of economic efficiency. The study noted the division adopted by the Law of Protection of Competition, in the control of structures and conducts. In the control of structures, it was discussed the Incidental Measure, the Agreement of Reversibility Preservation of Operation - APRO and Term of Commitment to Performance - TCD. On the conducts, were analyzed the Preventive Measure, the Term of Commitment Termination - TCC, and in particular the behavior of cartels and the Leniency Agreement. The research conducted examined the legal instruments concluded between economic agents and CADE from 1994 to 2008, to the analysis of its provisions, we follow the development of instruments over time and the measures adopted in cases analyzed by the Brazilian System of Protection of Competition, considering the different nature of each instrument. Moreover, the study contributed to the debate on the issue of efficiency in the procedural arrangements for protection of competition, under Brazilian antitrust law
O trabalho versa sobre os instrumentos jurídicos utilizados pelos agentes econômicos e a autoridade de defesa da concorrência no Brasil. O objetivo principal do trabalho foi o de discorrer sobre os instrumentos previstos na lei de defesa da concorrência, bem como outros adotados pela autoridade antitruste brasileira, investigando até que ponto são formas acordadas para proteção à concorrência. Além disso, no decorrer do trabalho buscou-se identificar algumas questões geradas pela adoção desses instrumentos, tais como seus pressupostos para a celebração, a natureza jurídica, intervenção de terceiros, alcance de suas cláusulas, identificando, ainda, se o ajuste das cláusulas seria consensual. O alcance das cláusulas dos instrumentos suscitou a análise da aplicação de vários princípios, identificando se haveria violação ao princípio da legalidade em nome da eficiência econômica. O estudo observou a divisão adotada pela lei de defesa da concorrência, o de controle de estruturas e condutas. No controle de estruturas, discorremos sobre a Medida Cautelar, o Acordo de Preservação de Reversibilidade da Operação - APRO e o Termo de Compromisso de Desempenho - TCD. No controle de condutas, foram analisados a Medida Preventiva, o Termo de Compromisso de Cessação - TCC e, em especial, na conduta de cartel, foi abordado o Acordo de Leniência. A pesquisa realizada examinou os instrumentos jurídicos firmados entre os agentes econômicos e o CADE de 1994 a 2008, para que, da análise de suas cláusulas, pudéssemos acompanhar a evolução dos instrumentos ao longo do tempo e as respectivas medidas adotadas nos processos em trâmite no Sistema Brasileiro de Defesa da Concorrência, considerando a natureza distinta de cada instrumento. Além disso, o estudo contribuiu para o debate sobre a questão da eficiência nos acordos processuais para proteção à concorrência, conforme a lei antitruste brasileira
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Merçon-Vargas, Sarah. "Meios alternativos na resolução de conflitos de interesses transindividuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-06032013-091823/.
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O presente trabalho destina-se a examinar as perspectivas ao uso de meios extrajudiciais de resolução de conflitos para a composição de conflitos coletivos no Brasil. Para tanto, serão analisadas as principais características da negociação, mediação, conciliação e arbitragem, identificados os requisitos de admissibilidade para o uso de tais técnicas e explicitados os elementos a serem considerados no exame de adequação do uso de meios extrajudiciais. Além disso, serão examinadas as principais características dos direitos difusos, coletivos stricto sensu e individuais homogêneos, assim como as regras processuais pertinentes à legitimação e coisa julgada no processo coletivo. Mais adiante, o presente trabalho tentará sistematizar hipóteses sobre o cabimento e sobre a adequação das técnicas extrajudiciais para a resolução de conflitos que envolvem direitos coletivos. Ao final, será possível concluir que tais direitos podem e devem ser resolvidos por meio de técnicas extrajudiciais, em especial por meio da negociação, da conciliação e da arbitragem.The following work aims at examining prospects in the use of alternative dispute resolution techniques in Brazilian class actions. To this end, it will, at first, analyze negotiation, mediation, conciliation and arbitration main characteristics. Also, admission criteria for each of these dispute resolution techniques will be identified and the elements that should be considered for the adequacy exam will be outlined. Further on, the three kinds of Brazilian class action and the main characteristics of each class procedures will be examined, with special concern to procedure laws pertaining legitimacy and res judicata. Moreover, the paper will systematically study the hypothesis in which extrajudicial conflict resolution techniques may be applied and the adequacy of their use in cases encompassing collective rights. Finally, in its conclusion, it will be demonstrated that extrajudicial techniques can be used to solve conflicts involving collective rights, mainly through negotiation, conciliation and arbitration.
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Jackson, Colin. "Settlement, Compromise, and Forgiveness in Canadian Income Tax Law." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/36298.
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This thesis looks at legal mechanisms allowing the non-collection of tax debts in the tax systems of Canada and the United States. The goal is to shed light on the choices made in Canada’s tax collection system by juxtaposing it with the American system. The comparison reveals differences in the ways in which the two jurisdictions allow taxpayers to participate in the tax system and differences in how the two jurisdictions choose to make decisions about the forgiveness of tax debts. Although Canada has generally rejected the idea of compromise within the tax system, there is a tax policy case to be made in favour of the compromise of tax debts in certain situations.
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CHANG, CHIH-YUN, and 張芷芸. "A Study of Settlement Contract in Tax Law and Tax-related Compromise System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z39k5t.
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碩士輔仁大學
法律學系
105
In accordance with the principle of taxation by law, principle of ability-to-pay and principle of tax-equality, tax collection authority only has limited authorities on the collection of taxes. However, tax debts should not only be construed under the perspective of state and tax collection authority, but should also be explicated based on the human dignity and taxpayers’ fundamental human rights. We could infer the taxpayers’ subject status in tax proceedings. For this reason, what this thesis wants to discuss is when facing tax disputes, taxpayers could base on their subject status and judge rationally by themselves to stand up for the benefits. Further, to choose the best dispute resolutions and take responsibilities of the follow-up detriments. On the other hand, the ministry of finance, R.O.C. have promulgated a command in 1989. This Command is mainly about the compromise of tax-related case which aims to resolve the conflict between taxpayers and tax collection authority. But after decades, the legal effects of the compromise of tax-related case is still an unsolved problem in either practice or theory in Taiwan. Ergo, the legal effects and whether its nature belongs to a compromise under Article 136 of the Administrative Procedure Law or not will also be discussed in this thesis; moreover, to probe into the necessity and direction of legalization and construct the route of alternative dispute resolution for taxpayers.
Books on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Clark, H. Sol. Georgia settlements law and strategies. 2nd ed. Suwanee, GA (1327 Northbrook Pkwy., Suite 400, Suwanee 30024-3586): Harrison Co., Publishers, 1999.
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Clark, H. Sol. Georgia settlements law and strategies. Norcross, GA (3110 Crossing Park, PO Box 7500, Norcross 30091-7500): Harrison Co., 1989.
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Bonfield, Lloyd. Marriage settlements, 1601-1740: The adoption of the strict settlement. Holmes Beach, Fla: Wm. W. Gaunt & Sons, 1986.
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Hermann, Philip J. Better, earlier settlements through economic leverage. Solon, Ohio (30700 Bainbridge Rd., Suite H, Solon 44139-2291): Jury Verdict Research, 1989.
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Lucretia, Hollingsworth I., ed. Systematic settlements: A practical guide for the personal injury specialist. 2nd ed. Rochester, N.Y: The Lawyers Co-Operative Pub. Co., 1986.
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Hornwood, Sanford W. Systematic settlements 3d: A practical guide for the personal injury specialist. Deerfield, IL: Clark Boardman Callaghan, 1995.
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Spindler, Johannes Carl. Anerkennung und Vollstreckung ausländischer Prozessvergleiche unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der U.S.-amerikanischen Class Action Settlements. Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 2001.
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Herman, Gregg M. Settlement negotiation techniques in family law: A guide to improved tactics and resolution. Chicago: American Bar Association, Section of Family Law, 2013.
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Miller, Laurel (Laurel E.), ed. Resolving Kirkuk: Lessons learned from settlements of earlier ethno-territorial conflicts. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2012.
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Coltro, Antônio Carlos Mathias, and Águida Arruda Barbosa. Separação, divórcio, partilhas e inventários extrajudiciais: Questionamentos sobre a Lei 11,441/2007. 2nd ed. São Paulo: GEN, Editora Método, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Malíř, Jiří. "Morava jako multietnický organismus: problémy jazyka a identity v letech 1848–1918." In Filosofie jako životní cesta, 158–70. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9458-2019-11.
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The study deals with the development of linguistic, ethnic and international relationships in Moravia in 1848–1918 and their specific features. The focus is mainly on the complex relationships between Czech-speaking and German-speaking inhabitants of Moravia and the aspects that played a key role in them. These included a complicated settlement situation given by the mixing of Czech and German inhabitants (the numerous ‘German linguistic islands’), the economic influence of Jewish inhabitants on international relations in linguistically diverse cities, the impact of social and economic status of various groups of inhabitants on their voting and political participation, the unevenness in the promotion of national identity and the effects of Czech-German international compromise of 1905. The application of the principle of personal autonomy led to alleviation of international tensions as well as an increased demand for legal determination of nationality.
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Slater, Jerome. "Lost Opportunities for Peace, 1949–56." In Mythologies Without End, 93–109. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459086.003.0007.
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One of the most enduring but erroneous Israeli myths that has also been accepted by the outside world is the view that until recently most of the Arab states as well as the Palestinians refused to recognize the existence of Israel, rejected all compromise, and sought its destruction. By contrast, it is said, Israel has always been ready and willing to negotiate peace settlements; remember Abba Eban’s famous epigram, “The Arabs never miss an opportunity to miss an opportunity.” In fact, the historical record demonstrates that Israel has been primarily responsible for the many lost opportunities for peace from 1947 through the present. At one time or another, all the important Arab states and the most important Palestinian leaders have been ready to agree to compromise settlements of all the central issues: the legitimate territory and boundaries of Israel, a Palestinian state, the status of Jerusalem, and the refugee issue.
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Wernke, Steven A. "Uneasy Compromises." In Negotiated Settlements, 214–45. University Press of Florida, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813042497.003.0006.
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Ó Dochartaigh, Niall. "Conclusion." In Deniable Contact, 266–77. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894762.003.0012.
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The Conclusion considers why it took so long to negotiate an end to the Northern Ireland conflict, examining the role of internal divisions and leadership, emphasizing the importance of strategic action, and suggesting a more agential approach to understanding peace settlements. It outlines how back-channel negotiation allowed two key parties to the Northern Ireland conflict to coordinate their actions, and to assist each other in resolving strategic dilemmas and in overcoming intra-party resistance to compromise when direct contact and open meetings were impossible. It sets out how an analysis of the conflict through the lens of negotiation can enhance understanding of the factors that make for peace agreements.
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Slater, Jerome. "From War to War, 1956–67." In Mythologies Without End, 125–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459086.003.0009.
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Despite the Israeli myths, the 1967 war was not “a war of no choice.” Before the war, Israeli political and military hawks hoped to use another war to seize the West Bank and the Golan Heights. Israel deliberately provoked Syria into war. Egypt was forced by its alliance with Syria to come to its assistance, but did not intend to start a war with Israel. U.S and Israeli intelligence knew this and anticipated that Israel would easily defeat Egypt, even if the Egyptians attacked first. Though strongly pro-Israel, Lyndon Johnson did not want the U.S. to be drawn into the war. Therefore, the Israeli military attack on Egypt in June 1967 was not forced on Israel. During the war Israel seized the West Bank, Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights. After the war Israel decided to keep its conquests and to ignore signals from the Arab states for compromise peace settlements.
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Poulton, Anthony, Luke Richardson, and Baker McKenzie. "Variation and Compromise." In International Trust Disputes, Second Edition. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832737.003.0018.
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It is a fundamental duty of trustees to act in good faith in the best interests of their beneficiaries. However, a trustee may identify a course of action that it wishes to take but which it is unable to achieve by the exercise of the powers available to the trustee in the trust deed. As a rule, a trustee must act in accordance with the terms of his trust instrument or face liability for breach of trust, and the courts have no broad, inherent power to vary a settlement because it is thought sensible or beneficial to do so. This general principle can be departed from in a limited number of circumstances, as set out in this chapter.
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FERRER, MIRIAM CORONEL. "FORGING A PEACE SETTLEMENT FOR THE BANGSAMORO: COMPROMISES AND CHALLENGES." In Mindanao, 98–131. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813236370_0005.
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Bantekas, Ilias, and Efthymios Papastavridis. "10. Peaceful settlement of disputes." In International Law Concentrate. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198803874.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the means and methods relating to the peaceful settlement of international disputes. The UN Charter obliges States to resolve peacefully their disputes and suggests certain means for such settlement: on the one hand, diplomatic means, like negotiation, mediation, conciliation or the ‘good offices’ of the UN Secretary-General and on the other, legal methods, such as arbitration and recourse to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which are binding. The ICJ exercises its jurisdiction over contentious cases only upon the consent of the parties to the dispute, which may be expressed through various forms (e.g. compromis or optional clause declaration). The ICJ may also render advisory opinions to questions of international law posed by the UN General Assembly, the Security Council, or other competent organs and organizations. The chapter also explains dispute settlement in the context of international investor-State arbitration and in the World Trade Organization
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Bantekas, Ilias, and Efthymios Papastavridis. "10. Peaceful settlement of disputes." In International Law Concentrate, 128–43. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198840978.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the means and methods relating to the peaceful settlement of international disputes. The UN Charter obliges States to resolve peacefully their disputes and suggests certain means for such settlement: on the one hand, diplomatic means, like negotiation, mediation, conciliation, or the ‘good offices’ of the UN Secretary-General and, on the other, legal methods, such as arbitration and recourse to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which are binding. The ICJ exercises its jurisdiction over contentious cases only upon the consent of the parties to the dispute, which may be expressed through various forms (e.g. compromis or optional clause declaration). The ICJ may also render advisory opinions to questions of international law posed by the UN General Assembly, the Security Council, or other competent organs and organizations. The chapter also explains dispute settlement in the context of international investor–State arbitration and in the World Trade Organization.
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Bantekas, Ilias, and Efthymios Papastavridis. "10. Peaceful settlement of disputes." In International Law Concentrate, 133–48. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192895684.003.0010.
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This chapter examines the means and methods relating to the peaceful settlement of international disputes. The UN Charter obliges States to resolve their disputes peacefully and suggests certain means for such settlement: on the one hand, diplomatic means, like negotiation, mediation, conciliation, or the ‘good offices’ of the UN Secretary General and, on the other, legal methods, such as arbitration and recourse to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which are binding. The ICJ exercises its jurisdiction over contentious cases only upon the consent of the parties to the dispute, which may be expressed through various forms (eg compromis or optional clause declaration). The ICJ may also render advisory opinions to questions of international law posed by the UN General Assembly, the Security Council, or other competent organs and organizations. The chapter also explains dispute settlement in the context of international investor–State arbitration and in the World Trade Organization.
Conference papers on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Deeks, Andrew, Hongjie Zhou, Henry Krisdani, Fraser Bransby, and Phil Watson. "Design of Direct On-Seabed Sliding Foundations." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24393.
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This paper describes a new framework for the geotechnical design of pipeline-related foundations (e.g. foundations for PLETs and Tees) designed to slide directly over the seabed during pipeline operation. This approach can present considerable savings in terms of fabrication and construction costs because of reduced foundation sizes. Over the design life, a pipeline is likely to endure many thermal/ pressure load cycles due to product and flow rate variations during operation. These cycles result in the foundation sliding back and forth across the seabed within a footprint. These loads and corresponding motions impose cyclic shear stresses on the soil that can (i) degrade foundation bearing capacity and (ii) cause additional foundation settlement. Often the key design consideration is whether or not the cumulative settlements will eventually compromise the integrity of the pipeline system to which the PLET and its associated foundation are attached. In addition to consolidation and creep, two key mechanisms are shown to control cyclic foundation settlement: (i) bearing mechanism induced burial and (ii) cyclic shear stress driven soil volume reduction. Their relative significance depends on the soil conditions (soil state) and input pipeline movements. The paper presents key aspects required for the design of direct on-seabed sliding foundations, including the soil parameters and associated testing required. Validation of the design approach is illustrated by comparison to laboratory model tests performed on carbonate soils. The impact of soil properties on potential foundation performance is illustrated with a design example and the importance of conducting site specific soil testing and settlement analyses is emphasised. It is also illustrated that close integration of the pipeline, structural and geotechnical analysis is necessary to reliably quantify system performance of these novel foundations.
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Reis Santos, Mariana. "Does the implementation of special zones of social interest (ZEIS) encourages adequate housing in precarious settlement? The case of San Paolo." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/hfqf7018.
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With the establishment of the Constitution of 1988, a new approach to urban governance emerged in Brazil. The document brought significant changes regarding the right to the city and adequate housing, in particular, for the urban poor. The recognition of these rights triggered the experimentation with inclusionary policies around the country (Rolnik and Santoro, 2013). As a result, informal settlements started to be acknowledged as part of the formal city and were included in zoning and planning laws. One of the main outcomes of these experiments was the creation of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), a land and housing policy that linked investments on infrastructure in precarious settlements to land regularisation processes. In 2001, ZEIS was incorporated into the City Statute, a document that established a range of collective rights to guide land use and development. Since then, the instrument has gained popularity in the country as a land regularisation tool. Nevertheless, a considerable share of settlements remains poorly built and addressing informality is still a challenge. Therefore, this paper evaluated the co-relation between the implementation of ZEIS, land regularisation processes and provision of basic infrastructure in precarious settlements. More specifically, it measured the quality of State interventions supported by the zoning. By focusing on quality, this article aimed to evaluate whether ZEIS has encouraged adequate housing conditions for the urban poor or reinforced precarious patterns of development. To explore this relationship, a case study was conducted on the performance of ZEIS in Favela of Sapé, a settlement in the West of São Paulo. As a methodology, case studies have become a common option for performing evaluations and analyse what a program, practice or police has achieved (Yin, 2012). Moreover, this research strategy commonly relies on various sources of field-based information (Yin, 2012). Accordingly, this paper comprised mainly primary qualitative data. It also made broad use of content and secondary analysis, with the goal of ensuring validity and reliability. The performance of ZEIS in Sapé demonstrated that since its implementation, in 2001, tenure security and physical characteristics have enhanced considerably in the area, particularly, when it comes to housing quality and provision of basic infrastructure. Nevertheless, these accomplishments are being compromised by a strong process of reoccupation which is supported by illegal organisations. In addition, there is a delay of the Municipality in meeting the demands for housing in the area because of governance issues and mismanagement of financial resources. This scenario, combined with a weak inspection body, has once again permitted the development of precarious housing and infrastructure in the area. It also has compromised the issuance of freehold land titles to the settlement’s dwellers. In other words, the site is under a vicious circle where neither the provision of housing and infrastructure is enough to meet the demand nor the land regularisation is completed because of the reoccupations. In sum, although the implementation of ZEIS seems to have a share of responsibility in Sapé’s upgrading process, the local authorities do not have the capacity of reinforcement necessary to maintain these improvements. Furthermore, it is fair to assume that the current legal framework provided by ZEIS is not adequate for the context of São Paulo and requires further adjustments. Not only because of the complex character of the city, but also because in practice, urban norms may be interpreted differently according to political and cultural conditions (Rolnik, 1997).
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Makalyutin, Vladsilav. "PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MEDIA PROCEDURE IN MODERN RUSSIA." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/142-152.
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The article is devoted to the study of problematic aspects of the implementation of the mediation procedure in Russia. The author noted that mediation on the path of its development in the country encountered a number of obstacles of a moral, ethical, psychological, economic and legislative nature, the solution and settlement of which requires certain efforts both from the side of society and public organizations, and from the state. Using the method of analytical review of theoretical and practical developments of domestic researchers and legislative documents, the article identifies the following problems of mediation: low legal culture of the population; lack of confidence in this service; lack of awareness of society as a whole, and of citizens in particular, about mediation, its advantages as an alternative to the trial method; the position of the parties that do not want to compromise; the difficulty of choosing a mediator - as a highly professional person; mainly the social foundations for the development of mediation and insufficient state support. These problems are interrelated, therefore, their solution requires an integrated approach.
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Chauhan, Vinod, Ian Fordyce, James Gilliver, Sudhakar Peravali, Andrew Connell, Ian Thompson, Hadi Saleh, et al. "Failure Investigation of a Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90223.
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PT Transportasi Gas Indonesia (TGI) own and operate a 536 km long natural gas pipeline in South Sumatra, Indonesia which transports natural gas from ConocoPhillips’s gas field in Grissik, South Sumatra to Chevron Pacific Indonesia’s station facilities in Duri. On 29th September 2010, an event occurred that resulted in a release of gas from the pipeline. In response to the emergency, the affected section of the pipeline was isolated by closing block valves upstream and downstream of the leak. The incident was brought under control by TGI on the same day and there were no reported injuries or fatalities. Failure was located in a girth weld on a 28 inch diameter pipe section, which had spread into the adjacent pipe material. Subsequently a failure investigation was requested by TGI. The investigation included a fracture examination and materials testing of the failed girth weld and parent pipe; a geotechnical investigation; and an engineering critical analysis (ECA) of the failure. This paper describes the multidisciplinary works undertaken to investigate the cause of the incident. The primary observation of this failure investigation is that no single factor contributed to the failure that occurred. The pipeline at the rupture location had been subjected to high bending stresses when the pipeline was laid and the stresses were exacerbated following consolidation and creep settlement of the underlying swamp material. The field joint coating had been compromised, leading to the formation of near neutral stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Initial cracking from the SCC had then extended to the point where the remaining ligament then failed by plastic collapse. It was judged that the settlement may also have been enhanced by a recent earthquake.
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Dersch, Marcus S., Erol Tutumluer, Calvin T. Peeler, and David K. Bower. "Polyurethane Coating of Railroad Ballast Aggregate for Improved Performance." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36215.
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This paper presents preliminary findings of a new technology currently being tested in a research project at the University of Illinois. The effectiveness of elastomer polyurethane coating of ballast is evaluated for its ability to reduce aggregate breakage and resulting ballast fouling. Railroad ballast degradation and fouling related to aggregate breakdown under heavy axle loads, poor drainage, mud pumping, and water/ballast pockets are among the most commonly encountered track substructure (ballast, subballast, and subgrade soil) problems. The structural integrity of seriously fouled ballast can be compromised leading to track instability and ultimately, train derailments. Because of this serious consequence, costly ballast maintenance activities, such as undercutting, tamping, and shoulder cleaning, are routinely performed by railroads especially on tracks serving the heavy axle load unit trains. In the research project, clean AREMA No.4 aggregates along with the polyurethane coated particles were subjected to realistic field loading conditions in a large shear box test apparatus used for strength testing of ballast at full gradation. The urethane coated ballast was allowed to set for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days prior to subjecting the samples up to 10 shear passes. Shear and normal stress data were gathered during testing; and the fines generated by all tested samples were collected and analyzed. Early findings show a major increase in the shear strength gained with the polyurethane coating, a decrease in the breakdown of the coated ballast, and a decrease in particle reorientation which could lead to a reduction in ballast settlement.
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Smith, Marina Q., and Christopher J. Waldhart. "Combined Loading Tests of Large Diameter Corroded Pipelines." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-191.
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Current methods for estimating the remaining strength of aging, corroded pipelines have been restricted to the capabilities of pressure based engineering models that rely on the definition of hoop stress in the pipe wall. Because in practice, pipelines are subjected to a variety of loading conditions (e.g.; axial bending from settlement and thermal stresses) that act in concert with those derived by internal pressure, a multi-year combined testing and analysis program was initiated by the Alyeska Pipeline Service Company aimed at developing computer tools for the prediction of rupture and wrinkling in corroded pipes. During the program, seventeen full-scale tests of mechanically corroded 48-inch diameter (1219-mm), X65 pipes subjected to internal pressure, axial bending, and axial compression were performed to provide data necessary for the verification of analytical models and failure prediction models. While all of the tests were designed to produce rupture, wrinkling, as defined by the occurrence of a limit moment during the application of bending loads, was produced in eleven of the tests either prior to or instead of rupture. Loading of the pipe was intended to simulate that which would be observed by a pipe in-service and included both load control and displacement control of the applied bending load, and in some tests, intended to define the amount of additional pressure required to cause burst after wrinkling was produced. Results of the tests showed that two different failure modes are produced depending on whether the bending moment is transmitted to the pipe as a fixed load or a fixed displacement, and consequently, the burst capacity of the corroded pipe may not be compromised by the presence of axial loads. This paper discusses the tests performed, including a description of the load schedule and corrosion geometries, and key results of the tests that were used in the development of a new strain-based burst prediction procedure for corroded pipes subjected to combined loads.
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Teixeira, Maria Cristina Villefort, Marieta Cardoso Maciel, and Staël Alvarenga Pereira Costa. "The role of the plot in engendering environmental quality: from unplanned favelas to the planned subdivisions of new blocks." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5966.
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This work discusses the importance of the site in the morphological structuring of urban centres. Studies on the implantation of the city of Belo Horizonte, located in the state of Minas Gerais Brazil, show that the occupation of the city occurred initially in the valleys. This was due to the favourable conditions of the topography, which allowed an orthogonal layout in the central area. In spite of this, since the city’s foundation, the most rugged areas have been occupied by favelas, whose layout differed from the dominant pattern. As flat areas became scarce, the hilly regions, possessing long strips of land, were also subdivided and exploited due to their substantially lower land prices. Although the favelas sprung up spontaneously and the new settlements were planned, both had similarities in the layout of the streets which were adjusted to the steep contours and the geological conditions of the terrain. At the same time, the plot defined another configuration in the subdivisions, in which the building was occupied by only a single family and, in most cases, the building was separated from the street by high walls. As a consequence, the relationship between public and private space became severely compromised. In the case of the favelas, the formal inexistence of the plot is demonstrated in the juxtaposition of the dwellings, in which each residence is constructed above another in extremely confined space. The relationship with the street also differs in these places, since the first floor often freely connects to the street, integrating the dwelling with the public space and thus contributing to the social life of the community. This is furthermore in contrast to the previously noted walled environments characterising planned areas. The analysis of these parameters could profitably be utilised in new designs that appropriate some of the popular solutions better suited to the environment, and in turn, integrate them into public policy.References: FERREIRA, M. G.(1997) O sítio e a formação da paisagem urbana: um estudo do município de Belo Horizonte. 1997. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia). Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. MASUO, K. (2015). An organic method of village rehabilitation through a reconstruction archetype based on vernacular architecture. International Seminar on Urban Form, ISUF 2015, Rome. McHARG, Ian L. (1992). Design with nature. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Washington.
Reports on the topic "Compromise settlements"
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Hunt, H. Allan, and Peter S. Barth. Compromise and Release Settlements in Workers' Compensation: Final Report. W.E. Upjohn Institute, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/rpt178.
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