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Journal articles on the topic 'Compressible cake'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Abboud, Nelly M., and M. Yavuz Corapcioglu. "Modeling of Compressible Cake Filtration." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 160, no. 2 (October 1993): 304–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1993.1401.

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2

Holdich, R. "Simulation of compressible cake filtration." Filtration & Separation 31, no. 8 (December 1994): 825–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0015-1882(94)80541-5.

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3

Bierck, Barnes R., and Richard I. Dick. "Mechanisms of Compressible Sludge Cake Shrinkage." Journal of Environmental Engineering 116, no. 4 (July 1990): 663–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1990)116:4(663).

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4

Bierck, B. R., and R. I. Dick. "In Situ Examination of Effects of Pressure Differential on Compressible Cake Filtration." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 12 (December 1, 1990): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0107.

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A synchrotron X-ray absorbance technique was used to monitor suspended solids concentration changes in compressible filter cakes formed at different constant pressure differentials. Results for a kaolin slurry and an activated sludge manifested the markedly higher compressibility of the latter sludge. A model developed to describe effects of pressure differential on filtrate production behavior of an ideal compressible slurry indicated that the kaolin slurry behaved as such. However, the activated sludge was not ideal because changes in pressure differential did not cause the idealized change in filtrate production rate. A thin skin of activated sludge solids at the filter medium accounted for the non-ideal compressive behavior. Porewater pressure data acquired 0.86 mm above the filter medium during activated sludge filtration provided evidence of skin formation and its effect - virtually the total pressure drop occurred within this 0.86 mm region throughout cake formation (after which shrinkage began). Hence, significant effective stresses required to consolidate the sludge cake did not develop in most of the cake until cake formation was complete and shrinkage began.

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5

Janacova, Dagmar, Pavel Mokrejs, Karel Kolomaznik, Vladimir Vasek, Rudolf Drga, Ondrej Líska, and Jiri Krenek. "Optimization of suspensions filtration with compressible cake." MATEC Web of Conferences 76 (2016): 04038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20167604038.

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6

Rencken, G. E., and C. A. Buckley. "Dewatering Sludges Using a Novel Membrane Technology." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 10 (May 1, 1992): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0236.

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A novel tubular configured filter press has been developed for the filtration or dewatering of sludges. The unique features of this filter press are:during the cake deposition stage, sludge is fed under pressure into a self-supporting array of horizontal collapsible porous fabric tubes (the cake is deposited on the internal walls of the tubes).during the cake removal stage, sludge is pumped through the array of tubes at a high velocity and the cake is dislodged from the tube walls by means of a roller cleaning device which traverses the length of the array of porous tubes. The dislodged cake, which is in the form of flakes, is simultaneously hydraulically transported out of the tubes, drained and conveyed to a collection hopper. A brief process description of the tubular filter press process is given. A prototype unit was erected at a water treatment plant to dewater clarifier waste sludge. The cake produced by the filtration of the clarifier waste sludge was very compressible. After tube blockage problems were experienced during the filtration cycle on the prototype unit, research was done on the deposition of a compressible cake inside a porous tube. A predictive internal cylindrical compressible cake filtration model was developed. The results of this research work are discussed. The differences between internal cylindrical, external cylindrical and planar compressible cake filtration are highlighted. At various times low cake recoveries (high cake losses) were experienced on the prototype unit. An investigation was consequently conducted into the dislodging of a very compressible cake during the cake removal process. The results of this investigation are discussed.

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7

Endo, Yoshiyuki, and Manuel Alonso. "Physical Meaning of Specific Cake Resistance and Effects of Cake Properties in Compressible Cake Filtration." Filtration & Separation 38, no. 7 (September 2001): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-1882(01)80447-x.

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8

Kambham, Kiran K. R., Kagan Tuncay, and M. Yavuz Corapcioglu. "A Semianalytical Analysis of Compressible Electrophoretic Cake Formation." Water Resources Research 31, no. 5 (May 1995): 1421–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95wr00143.

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9

Kovalsky, Peter, Marion Gedrat, Graeme Bushell, and T. David Waite. "Compressible cake characterization from steady-state filtration analysis." AIChE Journal 53, no. 6 (2007): 1483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11193.

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10

HOLDICH, R. G. "SOLIDS CONCENTRATION AND PRESSURE PROFILES DURING COMPRESSIBLE CAKE FILTRATION." Chemical Engineering Communications 91, no. 1 (May 1990): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986449008940711.

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11

Agerbæk, Mikkel Lodahl, and Kristian Keiding. "Streaming Potential during Cake Filtration of Slightly Compressible Particles." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 169, no. 2 (February 1995): 342–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1995.1042.

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12

Kinčl, Jan, Petr Doleček, and Jiří Cakl. "Filtration model for hollow fiber membranes with compressible cake formation." Desalination 240, no. 1-3 (May 2009): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.11.068.

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13

Holdich, R. G. "Prediction of solid concentration and height in a compressible filter cake." International Journal of Mineral Processing 39, no. 3-4 (October 1993): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(93)90013-z.

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14

Christensen, Morten Lykkegaard, Rasmus Rosenlund Petersen, and Lars Bjerg Jørgensen. "Simulation of sludge dewatering on belt filters." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (June 1, 2010): 3162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.218.

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A mathematical model for belt filters was developed to determine optimum load rate and belt speed during drainage of flocculated biological sludge. Numerical simulations were performed for belt filters with and without plows, and the model fit experimental data well. Experiments showed that highly compressible cakes were formed during drainage, which was important. Due to cake compression, the final sludge dry matter content increased with load rates as long as the drainage time was sufficiently long. The dry matter content could be increased by stacking the cake at the end of the process. An optimum load rate was found. At high load rates, the drainage time was too short and the dry matter content decreased with load due to high cake resistance. The resistance could be lowered by mixing cake and suspension during the process.

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15

Iritani, Eiji, Yasuhito Mukai, and Hideto Hayashi. "Analysis of Filtration Process of Body-Feed Microfiltration Forming Compressible Filter Cake." Journal of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan 38, no. 10 (2001): 710–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4164/sptj.38.710.

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16

Kawakatsu, Takahiro, Shin-ichi Nakao, and Shoji Kimura. "Macromolecule Rejection with Compressible and Incompressible Cake Layer Formed in Crossflow Microfiltration." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 26, no. 6 (1993): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.26.656.

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17

Fargnoli, Amélia Giovana, Karina Matugi, Isabela Martinatti, and Mônica Lopes Aguiar. "A Study of the Behavior of Phosphatic Concentrate in Gas Filtration Cake Formation." Materials Science Forum 660-661 (October 2010): 1075–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.1075.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the porosity behavior of dust cakes formed by phosphatic concentrate along filtration time. Filtration trials were performed for four different pressure drops. The fabric filter used as filter medium was a polyester felt. The dust cakes obtained were submitted to a hardening process and their images were acquired with the use of a SEM. The images generated by the SEM were analyzed by using an image analyzing program that supplied the cake porosity values. Porosity values were also estimated using Ergun’s modified equation. Results show that porosity presents higher values when calculated using the image analyzing program, but has the same behavior as the results found with Ergun’s equation. It was also observed that porosity is not constant during filtration; therefore it can be concluded that the dust cake is compressible.

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18

Yim, Sung Sam, and Yun Min Song. "Porosity distribution in highly compressible cake: Experimental and theoretical verification of the dense skin." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 25, no. 6 (November 2008): 1524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-008-0251-7.

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19

Murase, Toshiro, Than Ohn, and Katumi Kimata. "Filtrate flux in crossflow microfiltration of dilute suspension forming a highly compressible fouling cake-layer." Journal of Membrane Science 108, no. 1-2 (December 1995): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(95)00154-2.

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20

Köry, J., A. Krupp, C. Please, and I. Griffiths. "Optimising Dead-End Cake Filtration Using Poroelasticity Theory." Modelling 2, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/modelling2010002.

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Understanding the operation of filters used to remove particulates from fluids is important in many practical industries. Typically the particles are larger than the pores in the filter so a cake layer of particles forms on the filter surface. Here we extend existing models for filter blocking to account for deformation of the filter material and the cake layer due to the applied pressure that drives the fluid. These deformations change the permeability of the filter and the cake and hence the flow. We develop a new theory of compressible-cake filtration based on a simple poroelastic model in which we assume that the permeability depends linearly on local deformation. This assumption allows us to derive an explicit filtration law. The model predicts the possible shutdown of the filter when the imposed pressure difference is sufficiently large to reduce the permeability at some point to zero. The theory is applied to industrially relevant operating conditions, namely constant flux, maximising flux and constant pressure drop. Under these conditions, further analytical results are obtained, which yield predictions for optimal filter design with respect to given properties of the filter materials and the particles.

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21

Köry, J., A. Krupp, C. Please, and I. Griffiths. "Optimising Dead-End Cake Filtration Using Poroelasticity Theory." Modelling 2, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/modelling2010002.

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Understanding the operation of filters used to remove particulates from fluids is important in many practical industries. Typically the particles are larger than the pores in the filter so a cake layer of particles forms on the filter surface. Here we extend existing models for filter blocking to account for deformation of the filter material and the cake layer due to the applied pressure that drives the fluid. These deformations change the permeability of the filter and the cake and hence the flow. We develop a new theory of compressible-cake filtration based on a simple poroelastic model in which we assume that the permeability depends linearly on local deformation. This assumption allows us to derive an explicit filtration law. The model predicts the possible shutdown of the filter when the imposed pressure difference is sufficiently large to reduce the permeability at some point to zero. The theory is applied to industrially relevant operating conditions, namely constant flux, maximising flux and constant pressure drop. Under these conditions, further analytical results are obtained, which yield predictions for optimal filter design with respect to given properties of the filter materials and the particles.

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22

Gutiérrez, Christopher, Daniel Walkup, Fereshte Ghahari, Cyprian Lewandowski, Joaquin F. Rodriguez-Nieva, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Leonid S. Levitov, Nikolai B. Zhitenev, and Joseph A. Stroscio. "Interaction-driven quantum Hall wedding cake–like structures in graphene quantum dots." Science 361, no. 6404 (August 23, 2018): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar2014.

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Quantum-relativistic matter is ubiquitous in nature; however, it is notoriously difficult to probe. The ease with which external electric and magnetic fields can be introduced in graphene opens a door to creating a tabletop prototype of strongly confined relativistic matter. Here, through a detailed spectroscopic mapping, we directly visualize the interplay between spatial and magnetic confinement in a circular graphene resonator as atomic-like shell states condense into Landau levels. We directly observe the development of a “wedding cake”–like structure of concentric regions of compressible-incompressible quantum Hall states, a signature of electron interactions in the system. Solid-state experiments can, therefore, yield insights into the behavior of quantum-relativistic matter under extreme conditions.

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23

Meireles, Martine, Michael Clifton, and Pierre Aimar. "Filtration of yeast suspensions: experimental observations and modelling of dead-end filtration with a compressible cake." Desalination 147, no. 1-3 (September 2002): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(02)00565-9.

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24

Venne, Stéphane, Onita D. Basu, and Benoit Barbeau. "Ozone Chemically Enhanced Backwash for Ceramic Membrane Fouling Control in Cyanobacteria-Laden Water." Membranes 10, no. 9 (August 30, 2020): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10090213.

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Membrane fouling in surface waters impacted by cyanobacteria is currently poorly controlled and results in high operating costs. A chemically enhanced backwash (CEB) is one possible strategy to mitigate cyanobacteria fouling. This research investigates the potential of using an ozone CEB to control the fouling caused by Microcystis aeruginosa in filtered surface water on a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane. Batch ozonation tests and dead-end, continuous flow experiments were conducted with ozone doses between 0 and 19 mg O3/mg carbon. In all tests, the ozone was shown to react more rapidly with the filtered surface water foulants than with cyanobacteria. In addition, the ozone CEB demonstrated an improved mitigation of irreversible fouling over 2 cycles versus a single CEB cycle; indicating that the ozone CEB functioned better as the cake layer developed. Ozone likely weakens the compressible cake layer formed by cyanobacteria on the membrane surface during filtration, which then becomes more hydraulically reversible. In fact, the ozone CEB reduced the fouling resistance by 35% more than the hydraulic backwash when the cake was more compressed.

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25

Karasu, Kensuke, Shiro Yoshikawa, Sandra E. Kentish, and Geoffrey W. Stevens. "A model for cross-flow ultrafiltration of dairy whey based on the rheology of the compressible cake." Journal of Membrane Science 341, no. 1-2 (September 2009): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2009.06.018.

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26

Sørensen, Peter B., and Jens Aage Hansen. "Extreme Solid Compressibility in Biological Sludge Dewatering." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0033.

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The degree of compressibility in the filter cake structure associated with mechanical dewatering of a polyelectrolyte conditioned biological sludge is investigated. Filtration/expression tests are carried out using both an A1(OH)3 and a biological sludge. A numerical model for filtration/expression is established and used to simulate liquid pressure development A comparison between measurements and calculations shows that the compressibility of the biological sludge is extremely high. Using filtration theories, the degree of compressibility is shown to be so high that a thin skin which accounts for nearly all the hydraulic pressure drop across the filter cake is likely to be formed just above the medium. This extreme compressibility behaviour suggests a reconsideration of the usual power law description of the relations between solid contact pressure, porosity and specific flow resistance. An equation showing the effect of the compressibility on the relation between filtrate flow and applied pressure during filtration is derived, and it is concluded that for extremely compressible solids, the filtrate flow becomes independent of the pressure applied.

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27

Coopmans, E. J. A., H. P. Schwarz, and M. J. Pryor. "The dewatering of a mining sludge containing hexavalent chromium using a tubular filter press - a South African development." Water Supply 1, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2001): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0135.

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A chromium smelting process can result, under oxidising conditions, in the production of a dust which when slurried and pumped to a waste dump heap is likely to pollute the environment. South Africa is a large producer of chromium metal and the problem of the release of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) to the environment is a serious concern. The department of Water Affairs and Forestry in South Africa monitors all environmental discharges and regulate the levels of toxic chemicals and pollutants. The ‘Tubular Filter Press’ a South African developed sludge dewatering system was proposed for the recovery of dust in this effluent. The filter press was operated for the dewatering of waterworks sludges and promises to be successful for this application. A single tube pilot study shows that chromium discharge to the environment can be eliminated. Feed solids concentrations of between 40 and 50 g/l were fed to the tubular filter resulting in cake solids concentrations in excess of 50%. The operating pressure of the system was between 200 and 300 kPa and the flux reduced to 200 L/m2.h during the filtration cycle. The filtration was modelled using a variable pressure, internal cylindrical compressible cake filtration model and operating parameters for a full scale plant were proposed.

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28

Hodge, B. K., and Keith Koenig. "CIG: A calorically imperfect compressible flow software element." Computer Applications in Engineering Education 1, no. 6 (1993): 477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cae.6180010604.

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29

Choi, K. Y., and B. A. Dempsey. "Low-pressure membrane filtration with unconventional coagulation regimes." Water Supply 5, no. 5 (December 1, 2005): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0032.

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The objective of the research was to evaluate in-line coagulation to improve performance during ultrafiltration (UF). In-line coagulation means use of coagulants without removal of coagulated solids prior to UF. Performance was evaluated by removal of contaminants (water quality) and by resistance to filtration and recovery of flux after hydraulic or chemical cleaning (water production). We hypothesized that coagulation conditions inappropriate for conventional treatment, in particular under-dosing conditions that produce particles that neither settle nor are removed in rapid sand filters, would be effective for in-line coagulation prior to UF. A variety of pre-treatment processes for UF have been investigated including coagulation, powdered activated carbon (PAC) or granular activated carbon (GAC), adsorption on iron oxides or other pre-formed settleable solid phases, or ozonation. Coagulation pre-treatment is often used for removal of fouling substances prior to NF or RO. It has been reported that effective conventional coagulation conditions produced larger particles and this reduced fouling during membrane filtration by reducing adsorption in membrane pores, increasing cake porosity, and increasing transport of foulants away from the membrane surface. However, aggregates produced under sweep floc conditions were more compressible than for charge neutralization conditions, resulting in compaction when the membrane filtration system was pressurized. It was known that the coagulated suspension under either charge-neutralization or sweep floc condition showed similar steady-state flux under the cross-flow microfiltration mode. Another report on the concept of critical floc size suggested that flocs need to reach a certain critical size before MF, otherwise membranes can be irreversibly clogged by the coagulant solids. The authors were motivated to study the effect of various coagulation conditions on the performance of a membrane filtration system.

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30

Case, George G., and Max S. Willis. "Compressive cake filtration." Chemical Engineering Science 47, no. 6 (1992): 1373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(92)80283-i.

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31

ENGSTRÖM, Gunnar. "Causes of back-trap mottle in lithographic offset prints on coated papers." February 2016 15, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj15.2.91.

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Back-trap mottle is a common and serious print quality problem in lithographic offset printing of coated papers. It is caused by nonuniform ink retransfer from an already printed surface when it passes through a subsequent printing nip with the print in contact with the rubber blanket in that nip. A nonuniform surface porosity gives rise to mottle. A key parameter in mottling contexts is the coating mass distribution, which must be uniform. Good relationships between mottle and mass distribution have also been reported; the mottle pattern coincides with that of the coating mass distribution. High blade pressures, compressible base papers, and high water pick-up between application and metering, which plasticizes the paper, yield uniform mass distributions, but these parameters might have a detrimental effect on the runnability in blade coating in terms of web breaks. The general opinion has been that nonuniform surface porosity is caused by binder migration and enrichment of binder in the coating surface, more in the high coat weight areas and less in the low coat weight areas. Recent research has suggested that a more probable mechanism is depletion of binder in the coating surface. Nonuniform shrinkage of the pigment matrix (filter cake) formed during the consolidation between the first critical concentration (FCC) and the second critical concentration (SCC) is another possible mechanism. Relevant relaxation times for latex and the time scales for consolidation show that the high coat weight areas shrink more than the low coat weight areas in the coating layer. A recent pilot-scale experiment has shown that the drying strategy did not affect the differences in shrinkage between high and low coat weight areas. The drying strategy has a pronounced impact on mottle. A high evaporation rate at the beginning of the evaporation results in less mottle than a low evaporation rate. The least mottle is obtained if the drying is performed with a gap in the course of evaporation between the FCC and the SCC.

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32

Brock, L. M. "Dynamic Shear Fracture at Subsonic and Transonic Speeds in a Compressible Neo-Hookean Material Under Compressive Prestress." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 5 (August 16, 2002): 663–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1490374.

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A crack driven by shear forces translating on its surfaces grows in an isotropic compressible neo-Hookean material that is initially in uniform compression. The material replicates a linear isotropic solid at small deformations, and preserves as a limit case for all deformations the incompressibility that occurs in the linear case when Poisson’s ratio becomes 1/2. A plane-strain steady state is assumed such that the crack and surface forces move at the same constant speed, whether subsonic, transonic, or supersonic. An exact analysis is performed based on superposition of infinitesimal deformations upon large, both for frictionless crack surface slip, and slip resisted by friction. The pre-stress induces anisotropy and increases the Rayleigh, rotational and dilatational wave speeds from their classical values. A positive finite fracture energy release rate arises for crack speeds below the Rayleight value and at two transonic speeds. In contrast, the transonic range in a purely linear analysis exhibits only one speed. It is found that friction enhances fracture energy release rate, and that compressive pre-stress enhances the rates for small crack speeds, but decreases it for speeds near the Rayleigh value.

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33

Ozalp, A. Alper. "Nonadiabatic and frictional constant area duct flow: A visual software based simulation for compressible systems." Computer Applications in Engineering Education 14, no. 1 (2006): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cae.20068.

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34

Smiles, D. E., and J. M. Kirby. "Compressive cake filtration—a comment." Chemical Engineering Science 48, no. 19 (October 1993): 3431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(93)80161-i.

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35

Sørensen, Peter B., Per Moldrup, and Jensaa Hansen. "Filtration and expression of compressible cakes." Chemical Engineering Science 51, no. 6 (March 1996): 967–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(95)00339-8.

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36

Lin, C. C., and C. D. Mote. "The Wrinkling of Thin, Flat, Rectangular Webs." Journal of Applied Mechanics 63, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 774–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2823362.

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A web is termed wrinkled when one of the in-plane principal stresses is tensile and the other is sufficiently compressive. A criterion is derived that predicts wrinkling of isotropic, compressible rectangular webs under uniform in-plane principal stresses. The compressive stress at impending wrinkling depends on the flexural stiffness, and it equals zero in the case of a membrane. A criterion of wrinkling is also derived using isotropic, incompressible membrane theory. This criterion predicts an infinite number of wrinkle waves in a wrinkled region. With small flexural stiffness, the number of wrinkle waves becomes finite at wrinkling and it is predictable along with the shape and the size of the wrinkled region. The number of the wrinkle waves increases as the aspect ratio of the rectangular web increases, as the in-plane principal tension increases, and as the flexural stiffness decreases. Analyses of wrinkling of a rectangular web under simple shear and under uniform longitudinal stretching illustrate the above predictions.

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37

Ripley, Charles F. "Preloading thick compressible subsoils: a case history." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 3 (June 1, 1995): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-049.

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A case history of preloading and surcharging a more than 300 ft (1 ft = 0.3048 m) thick compressible subsoil is presented, with data on the settlement analysis, the fill design, other measures used for control of settlements, and the 24 year postconstruction performance. The essential factors for successful application of preloading to thick compressible subsoils are discussed. Key words : preloading, settlement analysis, construction control, settlement behaviour.

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38

Virk, D., F. Hussain, and R. M. Kerr. "Compressible vortex reconnection." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 304 (December 10, 1995): 47–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095004344.

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Reconnection of two antiparallel vortex tubes is studied as a prototypical coherent structure interaction to quantify compressibility effects in vorticity dynamics. Direct numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations for a perfect gas are carried out with initially polytropically related pressure and density fields. For an initial Reynolds number (Re = Γ /v, circulation divided by the kinematic viscosity) of 1000, the pointwise initial maximum Mach number (M) is varied from 0.5 to 1.45. At M=0.5, not surprisingly, the dynamics are essentially incompressible. As M increases, the transfer of Γ starts earlier. For the highest M, we find that shocklet formation between the two vortex tubes enhances early Γ transfer due to viscous cross-diffusion as well as baroclinic vorticity generation. The reconnection at later times occurs primarily due to viscous cross-diffusion for all M. However, with increasing M, the higher early Γ transfer reduces the vortices’ curvature growth and hence the Γ transfer rate; i.e. for the Re case studied, the reconnection timescale increases with M. With increasing M, reduced vortex stretching by weaker ‘bridges’ decreases the peak vorticity at late times. Compressibility effects are significant in countering the stretching of the bridges even at late times. Our observations suggest significantly altered coherent structure dynamics in turbulent flows, when compressible.

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39

Brummell, Nicholas H. "Turbulent compressible convection with rotation." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S239 (August 2006): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392130700083x.

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AbstractWe examine the effect of rotation on turbulent compressible penetrating convection, motivated by the dynamics of the solar interior. We find that rotation can influence large-scale coherent structures in the turbulent flow whilst leaving the small-scales isotropic. The dynamics in this case are very different from more laminar situations where all scales are rotationally-influenced. This may hint as to why full models of the global solar differential rotation are difficult.

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40

Russo, Rachel M., Lucas P. Neff, Michael Austin Johnson, and Timothy K. Williams. "Emerging Endovascular Therapies for Non-Compressible Torso Hemorrhage." Shock 46, no. 3S (September 2016): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/shk.0000000000000641.

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41

Shavor, Cindy, Justine Pagenhardt, YuanYuan Sun, Clara Kraft, Bradley End, and Joseph Minardi. "Ureteral Stone Mimics Appendicitis: A Point-of-care Ultrasound Case Report." Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine 4, no. 4 (October 5, 2020): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/cpcem.2020.7.48155.

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Introduction: Abdominal pain is a common complaint in the emergency department. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a rapid modality to evaluate for the etiology. Case Report: A teenage male presented with symptoms concerning for appendicitis. POCUS revealed a non-peristalsing, non-compressible, tubular structure containing an echogenic stone. This was determined to be a ureteral stone within a dilated ureter, not appendicitis. Conclusion: We propose a syndromic sonographic approach to right lower quadrant pain (RLQ) that includes the gallbladder, right kidney, bladder, and right adnexa, in addition to RLQ landmarks. This case emphasizes the value of such an approach to avoid diagnostic error.

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Zhu, Jian-Zhou. "Isotropic polarization of compressible flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 787 (December 16, 2015): 440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.692.

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The helical absolute equilibrium of a compressible adiabatic flow presents not only polarization between two purely helical modes of opposite chiralities but also that between vortical and acoustic modes, deviating from the equipartition predicted by Kraichnan (J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 27, 1955, pp. 438–441). Owing to the existence of the acoustic mode, even if all the Fourier modes of one chiral sector in the sharpened Helmholtz decomposition (Moses, SIAM J. Appl. Maths, vol. 21, 1971, pp. 114–130) are thoroughly truncated, leaving the system with positive-definite helicity and energy, negative temperature and the corresponding large-scale concentration of vortical modes are not allowed, unlike in the incompressible case.

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FABRICIUS, JOHN, AFONSO TSANDZANA, and PETER WALL. "Homogenization of a compressible cavitation model." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 26, no. 3 (March 6, 2015): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792515000078.

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We develop a mathematical model in hydrodynamic lubrication that takes into account three phenomena: cavitation, surface roughness and compressibility of the fluid. Like the classical Reynolds equation, the model is mass preserving. We compute the homogenized coefficients in the case of unidirectional roughness. A one-dimensional problem is also solved explicitly.

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BORGES, INÊS, and CHRISTIAN LOMP. "IRREDUCIBLE ACTIONS AND COMPRESSIBLE MODULES." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 10, no. 01 (February 2011): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498811004446.

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Any finite set of linear operators on an algebra A yields an operator algebra B and a module structure on A, whose endomorphism ring is isomorphic to a subring AB of certain invariant elements of A. We show that if A is a critically compressible left B-module, then the dimension of its self-injective hull Â over the ring of fractions of AB is bounded by the uniform dimension of A and the number of linear operators generating B. This extends a known result on irreducible Hopf actions and applies in particular to weak Hopf action. Furthermore we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for an algebra A to be critically compressible in the case of group actions, group gradings and Lie actions.

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Bazdidi-Tehrani, F., A. Abouata, M. Hatami, and N. Bohlooli. "Investigation of effects of compressibility, geometric and flow parameters on the simulation of a synthetic jet behaviour." Aeronautical Journal 120, no. 1225 (March 2016): 521–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aer.2016.8.

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ABSTRACTThe present paper focuses on a three-dimensional unsteady turbulent synthetic jet to assess the accuracy of a compressible simulation and some important parameters including the simulations of the actuator, cavity height and Reynolds number. The two-equationSST/k− ω turbulence model is used to predict the flow behaviour. Results show that the compressible simulation case is more accurate than the incompressible one and the dynamic mesh exhibits more reliable results than the mass flow inlet boundary in the compressible simulation. The compressible case displays a delay in the phase of instantaneous velocity for all three Reynolds numbers. Also, the maximum of mean velocity is less than the incompressible case. Moreover, an increase in the Reynolds number leads to an amplification of the peak of mean velocity magnitude. Finally, results demonstrate that a reduction in the cavity height regarding the compressible simulation case causes a reduction in the phase delay and rise in peak of instantaneous velocity magnitude.

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Cristescu, N. D. "Failure of Compressible/Dilatant Geomaterials." Applied Mechanics Reviews 47, no. 6S (June 1, 1994): S102—S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3124381.

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The paper presents a general constitutive equation for geomaterials allowing to describe dilatancy and/or compressibility during transient and stationary creep. The constitutive equation also describes the instantaneous response of the geomaterial, work-hardening during transient creep, instantaneous failure and creep failure. The damage produced by dilatancy is used to formulate a criterion for creep failure. Thus ultimate failure may be involved in various ways, depending on the initial and boundary conditions and certainly on the constitutive equation. Typical mining engineering examples are given. First is discussed the creep closure of a deep vertical cylindrical cavern, various possible instantaneous failures, creep failure, and spreading of damage by dilatancy into the rock mass. Second example discusses the instantaneous failure and creep failure around a horizontal tunnel, and the location where damage by dilatancy is more pronounced. The third example presents the case of a rectangular-like shaped cavern.

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Kang, Jongmin, Zhaoshun Xu, and Adnan Akay. "Inertia Effects on Compressible Squeeze Films." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2873873.

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In this paper, the combined effects of compressibility and fluid inertia in a squeeze film are considered. The governing equations are derived using an integral method for a one-dimensional case, initially considering a combination of Couette and Poiseuille Flows. Numerical and experimental results are obtained for the case of a pure squeeze film between flat circular disks. Influence of the film geometry was examined by considering a cavity on the surface of one of the disks. The numerical solutions are obtained by use of the Crank-Nicholson method with Lax modification. Comparison of the numerical results for pressure in the film with the experimental results show good agreement. The inertia of the fluid is found to significantly influence the pressure waveform in the film by altering the phase of the pressure developed in the film with respect to the oscillating disk. It is shown that these phase changes lead to “resonances” in the mean bearing force. The results also show that the mean bearing force can be superambient or subambient depending on the squeeze number. Both the damping and the bearing force show a “jump” at a critical squeeze number. Damping due to the fluid layer is shown to be amplitude-dependent.

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Crnojevic´, C., and V. D. Djordjevic´. "Correlated Compressible and Incompressible Channel Flows." Journal of Fluids Engineering 119, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 911–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2819516.

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Compressible flow in channels of slowly varying cross section at moderately high Reynolds numbers is treated in the paper by employing some Stewartson-type transformations that convert the problem into an incompressible one. Both adiabatic flow and isothermal flow are considered, and a Poiseuille-type incompressible solution is mapped onto compressible plane in order to generate some exact solutions of the compressible governing equations. The results show striking effects that viscosity may have upon the flow characteristics in this case, in comparison with more conventional high Reynolds number flows.

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Wang, G. F., T. J. Wang, and P. Schiavone. "The Contact Problem in a Compressible Hyperelastic Material." Journal of Applied Mechanics 74, no. 4 (August 14, 2006): 829–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2711229.

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We consider the contact problem for a particular class of compressible hyperelastic materials of harmonic type undergoing finite plane deformations. Using complex variable techniques, we derive subsidiary results concerning a half-plane problem corresponding to this class of materials. Using these results, we solve the contact problem for a harmonic material in the case of a uniform load acting on a finite area. Finally, we show how we can then deduce the corresponding results for the case of a point load.

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Aboelkassem, Yasser, and Georgios H. Vatistas. "New Model for Compressible Vortices." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 8 (February 26, 2007): 1073–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2746897.

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A new analytical solution for self-similar compressible vortices is derived in this paper. Based on the previous incompressible formulation of intense vortices, we derived a theoretical model that includes density and temperature variations. The governing equations are simplified assuming strong vortex conditions. Part of the hydrodynamic problem (mass and momentum) is shown to be analogous to the incompressible kind and as such the velocity is obtained through a straightforward variable transformation. Since all the velocity components are bounded in the radial direction, the density and pressure are then determined by standard numerical integration without the usual stringent simplification for the radial velocity. While compressibility is shown not to affect the tangential velocity, it influences only the meridional flow (radial and axial velocities). The temperature, pressure, and density are found to decrease along the converging flow direction. The traditional homentropic flow hypothesis, often employed in vortex stability and optical studies, is shown to undervalue the density and greatly overestimate the temperature. Comparable to vorticity diffusion balance for the incompressible case, the incoming flow carries the required energy to offset the contributions of conduction, viscous dissipation, and material expansion, thus keeping the temperature steady. This model is general and can be used to obtain a compressible version for all classical previous incompressible analysis from the literature such as Rankine, Burgers, Taylor, and Sullivan vortices.

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