Relevant bibliographies by topics / Compost stability

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Academic literature on the topic 'Compost stability'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 22 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Compost stability"

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Kristanto, Gabriel Andari, and Syifa Aulia Rahmah. "Assessment of Compost Maturity using The Static Respirometry Index." Reaktor 18, no. 04 (March 31, 2019): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.04.194-201.

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To be used as organic fertilizer, compost must be stable and mature enough to ensure that it is safe for agricultural application. The stability and maturity of compost can be viewed from physical, chemical, and biological parameters. One of the biological parameters is the static respiration index (SRI). In many places, the SRI is applied as a representative indicator of the stability and maturity of compost but not in Indonesia compost standard of the SNI 19-7030-2004. This study aims to assess the index of the static respiration of composts and analyze their stability and maturity. The assessment was carried out on 10 compost samples sold in Jakarta and Depok. It is observed that 8 of 10 tested composts was stable and mature, with a static respiration index of 0.61–1.35 mg O2 g-1 VS h-1. One of the 10 composts was very stable and very mature, with a static respiration index of 0.46 mg O2 g-1 VS h-1 and 1 compost was unstable and immature, with an index of 1.79 mg O2 g-1 VS h-1. The results indicated that re-composted for seven days was adequate to make the compost more stable and mature than the initial state. Since maturity is not described by a single property, it is great assurance for the compost producer and end user in Indonesia that not only physical and chemical characteristics are used as indicator for compost stability and maturity but also biological indicator such as SRI. Keywords: compost; maturity; stability; static respiration index
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Hue, N. V., and J. Liu. "Predicting Compost Stability." Compost Science & Utilization 3, no. 2 (March 1995): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065657x.1995.10701777.

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Scherer, H. W. "Influence of compost application on growth and phosphorus exploitation of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)." Plant, Soil and Environment 50, No. 12 (December 10, 2011): 518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4068-pse.

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Information on the availability of P following compost addition to soil may help to a better management of P fertilization of the crop in respect to plant growth and the environment. Therefore a greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of compost within the official classes of stability III and V on growth and P exploitation of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. cv. Turilo). The following result was obtained: As compared to a control without P application, compost application resulted in a significant yield increase. Application of composts of the official class of stability V resulted in higher yields as compared with the application of compost of the official class of stability III. P uptake of ryegrass was higher in the treatments in the class of stability V. Based on CAL-extractable compost P exploitation of P ranged between 8.5 and 104.0% in the first year of compost application and in total (sum of two years) 37.8 and 204.5%. P exploitation on the basis of total compost P ranged between 3.6 and 22.1%.
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Vannucchi, Francesca, Eleonora Peruzzi, Serena Doni, Davide Manzi, Lapo Azzini, Shamina Imran Pathan, Giacomo Pietramellara, et al. "Biological Assessment of Green Waste and Dredged Sediment Co-Composting for Nursery Plant Cultivation." Applied Sciences 14, no. 13 (July 1, 2024): 5767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14135767.

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Co-composting efficiently reclaims dredged sediments (S) and green waste (GW), creating stable products for agricultural applications. However, the use of S-GW co-composts can be limited by legislative thresholds, especially for co-composts with a high S percentage. The evaluation of S-GW co-compost stability by biological assessment can allow for a better understanding of S and GW recycling, as well as the S-GW co-compost application. For this purpose, the microbial biomass, composition, respiration, and eco-enzyme stoichiometry (EST) were assessed, coupled with chemical analysis, in the co-composting of S and GW in different ratios. The Photinia x fraseri and Viburnum tinus L. growth was monitored in a plant trial, comparing the studied co-composts with a control substrate. The EST approach was applied as an indicator of the co-composting stability during the process and after the plant cultivation. The chemical and biological parameters confirmed the suitability of co-composting in the GW and S recovery and the EST approach highlighted a better stability for the 3S:1GW co-compost at the end of the process and after plant cultivation. Viburnum tinus showed a similar growth to the control, while Photinia x fraseri resulted in being more sensitive to the co-compost. The biological assessments were good indicators of the S-GW compost stability for their application in crop cultivation.
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Nguyen, Binh Thanh, Quynh Thi Hoang, Syoko Oshiro, and Kazuto Shima. "Evaluation of sewage sludge compost quality through maturity index and biomass yield of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.)." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i2.1059.

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Sewage sludge as raw material and Composts was collected from composting plant “Chugoku Yuki” in Okayama prefecture, Japan to evaluate Compost quality at 8, and 50 days in process. Compost quality was assessed by analyzing of chemical properties: pH, total carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and P fractions. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of four Compost application rates (1, 2, 4 and 6 tons ha-1) on biomass yields and nitrogen – phosphorus uptake efficiency by Italian Ryegrass. Control treatments included without and with chemical fertilizers supplying equal amounts of N + P2O5. The results showed that Compost reached to degrees of stability and maturity after 50 days of composting. Composts contain high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals contents meet the acceptable standards. Total biomass yields significantly increased with increasing application rates following Mitscherlich’s asymptote regression model, by which the maximum yields were estimated to decrease in following order: Compost 50 days > Chemical fertilizer > Compost 8 days. Nitrogen uptake efficiency by ryegrass were similar between two above Composts, while those of Phosphorus was higher at Compost 50 days.
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Hoitink, Harry A. J., Alex G. Stone, David Y. Han, Weidzheng Zhang, and Warren A. Dick. "Biological Control of Plant Diseases with Composts." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 698b—698. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.698b.

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Compost offers the potential to suppress root rots and vascular wilts caused by soilborne plant pathogens, as well as plant diseases affecting aerial plant parts. Many factors affect the degree of control obtained. They include the decomposition level (stability) of the compost, the types of microorganisms colonizing the organic matter after peak heating of the compost, plant nutrients released by the compost (fertility), its salinity, loading rates, and other factors. Biocontrol agents in composts induce suppression through various mechanisms, including competition, antibiosis, hyperparasitism, and the induction of systemic resistance in the plant (roots as well as foliage) to pathogens. Examples of each of the effects are reviewed.
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Aslam, Danielle N., and Jean S. VanderGheynst. "Predicting Phytotoxicity of Compost-Amended Soil from Compost Stability Measurements." Environmental Engineering Science 25, no. 1 (January 2008): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ees.2006.0284.

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McKinley, James W., Rebecca E. Parzen, and Álvaro Mercado Guzmán. "Impact of climate and bulking materials on characteristics of compost from ecological toilets." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2012.059.

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Urine-diversion dehydration toilets (UDDT) are common throughout the developing world, and the toilet product is widely used as compost. There is no comprehensive research to date that characterizes the compost to determine its quality, extent of pathogen inactivation, and the effects of climate and bulking materials on the compost. Compost was collected from 45 UDDT in Bolivia and analyzed for physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Eighty percent and 56% of samples did not meet acceptable compost guidelines for moisture content and pH, respectively, indicating desiccation was the dominant process in UDDT. Bulking materials significantly impacted compost characteristics in terms of pH, carbon, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and carbon stability (P < 0.05). Composts with ash exhibited, on average, low carbon concentrations (4.9%) and high pH values (9.7), which can be harmful to plants and composting microorganisms. Composts with sawdust exhibited, on average, high carbon concentrations (40.0%) and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (31.0). Climate had no significant impact on chemical characteristics, however composts from humid regions had significantly higher moisture contents (34.4%) than those from arid climates (24.8%) (P < 0.05). Viable Ascaris lumbricoides ova were identified in 31% of samples, including samples with high pH, low moisture contents, and long storage times.
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Sousa, Edilara Leandro de, Karolina Flôres da Silva, Ricardo Moraes Shipitoski, Bárbara Olinda Nardis, Jodean Alves da Silva, Lourismar Martins Araújo, Luciano Rodrigo Lanssanova, and Fabrício Ribeiro Andrade. "Growing lettuce seedlings in different organic composts used as substrate." Comunicata Scientiae 15 (July 30, 2024): e4062. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v15.4062.

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Lettuce is the most important vegetable in the world and the most consumed in Brazil. Seedling production with a good quality substrate is very important in the lettuce crop production process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of organic compost substrates in the production of lettuce seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using polyethylene trays containing 128 trapezoidal cells in a completely randomized design with a 5 × 2 factorial scheme consisting of 5 substrates (commercial substrate; compost I; compost II; compost III; compost IV) and P2O5 supplementation (absent and 0.525 kg m−3 P2O5) and 4 replications. Substrates were produced by composting agro-industrial waste: sawdust, wood shavings and residues from a restaurant, pig litter, cattle manure, residues from the shoot and tubers of sweet potato, soybean residue, and drained bovine ruminal residue. The emergence, plant height, number of leaves, fresh root and shoot biomass, and clod stability of the substrate were evaluated. The substrate formulated from pig litter, cattle manure, and sweet potato (compost II) and pig litter and drained bovine ruminal residue (compost IV) formed seedlings with a greater clod stability of the substrate, plant height, number of leaves, and fresh root and shoot biomass. Substrates based on composting pig litter, cattle manure, and sweet potato (composts II) and pig litter and drained bovine ruminal residue (compost IV) were most suitable for producing lettuce seedlings.
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Marouani, Emna, Naïma Kolsi Benzina, Noura Ziadi, Besma Bouslimi, Amani Abouda, and Ahmed Koubaa. "Deinking sludge compost stability and maturity assessment using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis." Waste Management & Research 37, no. 10 (August 8, 2019): 1043–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19864638.

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Thermal composting is an important and useful way to transfer raw organic matter into value-added product rich in humic substances. Furthermore, thermal composting is a very promising way to reduce deinking paper sludge pollutions, which are difficult to remove. The objective of this study was to investigate the behaviour of the composting process of deinking paper sludge with poultry manure over 14 months. Two composts were used: C1 (70/30: deinking paper sludge/poultry manure) and C2 (50/50: deinking paper sludge/poultry manure). The compost stability and maturity were assessed via physico–chemical and thermal analyses: thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy analysis provided chemical information for the presence of aromatic, phenolic, aliphatic and polysaccharidic structures. Thermogravimetry analyses revealed that both deinking paper sludge composts were rich in humic acids. The ratio E4/E6 (fulvic acids/humic acids) was also carried out to characterise the maturity index of composts. After 14 months, the compost C2 is more stable, mature and rich in humic acids than compost C1. Furthermore, the addition of poultry manure to the deinking paper sludge-based composts enhanced the formation of humic substances. From 0 to 14 months of composting, the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls decreased from 0.2 to 0.1 mg kg−1 and from 0.6 to 0.2 mg kg−1 for C1 and C2, respectively.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Compost stability"

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Lasaridi, Konstadia Ekaterini. "Compost stability : a comparative evaluation of respirometric techniques." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368055.

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Skubała, Anna. "Evolution of compost stability tu real time : PhD thesis summary." Rozprawa doktorska, [s.n.], 2018. http://dlibra.tu.koszalin.pl/Content/1093.

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Oliveira, Raquel Varagilal de. "Testes de maturação aplicados a matrizes bioestabilizadas." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3363.

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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The Municipal Solid Waste Organic Fraction (MSWOF) and sludge from wastewater treatment plants have, among the agricultural waste with interest, the greatest concern because of their potential on organic and inorganic contaminants and also due the large quantities produced. However, products obtained after their treatment can have agricultural interest since they fulfill the quality standards. Two nitrogen sources (sodium caseinate and soy beans) and a carbon source (starch, cellulose or sucrose) were added to composts from different sources. Mixtures were maintained in Dewar flasks during 10 days. Stability was evaluated using the following parameters: maximum temperature reached, respiratory activity (AT4) and Solvita®. The fastest increase of temperature was observed for composts with starch addition, which indicates higher microbial activity, so the application of stabilized composts to soils during the incorporation of biodegradable materials (with starch) can promote their biodegradability. Dewar test was more sensitive for the stability assessment. Results of Solvita® test at 24 hours were similar to Dewar test results. AT4 test gave different stability levels for composts with addition of carbon sources, but similar for the initial composts.
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Pinapati, Kishore. "VARIATION OF GEOTECHNICAL STRENGTH PROPERTIES WITH AGE OF LANDFILLS ACCEPTING BIOSOLIDS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3992.

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The solid portion of waste disposal, known as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) can be landfilled. Landfilling has proved to be a safe, sanitary and economical method of disposal. A by-product from wastewater treatment plants called biosolids is sometimes co-disposed along with MSW in landfills. Recent work at the University of Central Florida has focused on the behavior of the mixture of MSW and biosolids. As an increased amount of waste accumulates in these landfills, it creates a new problem – the geotechnical stability of landfills. In current literature, classical geotechnical testing methods have been followed to find the strength properties of these landfill materials. Furthermore, geotechnical methods of slope stability analyses have been employed to determine the stability of landfill slopes. As these materials have a high organic content, their strength properties may potentially change with time because of the decay of the organic materials. In the present work, an attempt is made to monitor the change in the geotechnical strength properties of the landfill materials as a function of time. Direct shear tests used for soil testing, with some modifications, were performed on cured compost samples of MSW mixed with biosolids. Geotechnical strength properties of these cured samples were compared to those of an artificially prepared mixture of MSW and biosolids, from the published literature. In addition, direct shear tests are also performed to find the interface properties of a geonet with the cured samples to check the role of a geonet in reinforcing the landfill slopes. A slope stability analysis software SLOPE/W is used to analyze the stability of the landfills. Cohesion is observed to decrease with time while the friction angle increases with time. Stability (the factor of safety against failure) of landfill slopes increases with time due to increased effective stresses and increased friction angle, as the organic material decays. This may result in additional subsidence but an increase in the effective shear strength with time. Based on the interface test results and subsequent slope stability analyses, it is found that the inclusion of a geonet improves the slope stability of a landfill. This could be a potential benefit to the landfill as reinforcement if properly placed. Based on the slope stability analysis on landfills with different slopes, it is concluded that the slope stability of a landfill is improved by keeping the slopes less steep.
M.S.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Civil Engineering
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Raut, Desai Aditya Babu. "Use of compost filter bermsfor sediment trapping: primary focus on water quality and structural stability." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1299.

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Runoff from road construction and maintenance sites is responsible for erosion and deposition of sediments in the receiving water bodies. In addition to soil particles from erosion, runoff also transports other pollutants such as rubber, toxic metals, automobile fluids, car exhausts (which settle with the rain), pesticides, fertilizers, and other debris. Compost has been used effectively as a valuable soil amendment to aid plant growth. Berms (mounds) of compost placed at the top or bottom of steep slopes can be used to slow the velocity of water and provide additional protection for receiving waters. However, a downside of the application of composted organic material is the potential degradation of runoff water quality. Overloading with nitrogen and phosphorus causes eutrophication, which reduces the suitability of waterways for beneficial uses. A field testing of the berms coupled with a laboratory analysis of the testing water will provide a basis for the impact of the compost berms on the runoff water quality. The study of the impact of compost on the runoff water quality was investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of berms made from various materials such as dairy manure compost, yard waste compost and composted bio-solids mixed with wood chips in a ratio of 50:50 on the runoff water quality, as well as, the sediment removal efficiencies. Field tests were performed on the berms to simulate conventional rainfall runoff and the tested water was collected as time-weighted samples and analyzed in the laboratory. Several variables were investigated during this study. Results of this investigation demonstrated that the effectiveness of this application was hampered by the structural instability of the berm. A 100% failure rate was observed in the berms tested. Optimum performance was observed in yard waste compost berms, which introduced the least amount of contaminants into the water. However, some masking effect could be present due to berm failures. In fact, the actual sediment removal by the berms could not be determined. The study of compost filter berms showed some evidence of the existence of first flush effect.
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Faverial, Julie. "Compostage et vermicompostage des effluents d'elevage : une alternative durable pour le recyclage des dechets d'origine animale." Thesis, Antilles, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANTI0047/document.

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En Guadeloupe, l'utilisation de composts se heurte à de nombreux freins, aussi bien en termes de leur qualité qu’en termes d’un manque de plateformes de compostage à grande échelle et de proximité. Des études récentes ont montré que la qualité des composts locaux était plus faible qu’en milieu tempéré, ce qui constituerait un verrou majeur à l’adoption de la pratique et l’utilisation des composts industriels locaux. Pourtant, les objectifs de valorisation des déchets organiques fixés par les instances publiques sont ambitieux et le gisement local, bien que diffus et actuellement mal géré ou négligé, présenterait un réel intérêt pour la profession agricole à être orienté vers la valorisation biologique telle que le compostage. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail était d'évaluer la qualité des composts élaborés en milieu tropical et d'apporter des éléments factuels pour son amélioration et, plus spécifiquement, d’apporter de l’information sur les potentialités agronomiques du compostage des effluents d’élevage en Guadeloupe, présentant ainsi le compostage comme une alternative durable pour le recyclage des déchets d’origine animale.Une méta-analyse de 442 composts d'origine diverse, la première réalisée sur le sujet, nous a permis de démontrer que les composts produits en milieu tropical présentent des teneurs en carbone, azote, potassium et fraction soluble de la matière organique plus faibles que celles des composts produits en milieu tempéré, et que cela pourrait notamment être dû à l’influence des conditions climatiques lors du compostage. En revanche, nous avons pu mettre en évidence que certaines matières premières permettaient l’obtention de composts de meilleure qualité quelque soit le climat considéré, il s’agissait entre autres des effluents d’élevage.Les résultats issus d'une série d’expérimentations menée sur la production de composts d’effluents d’élevage avec co-compostage et vermicompostage ont été traités avec une approche méthodologique innovante dans ce domaine, les Réseaux Bayésiens. L’évaluation réalisée sur le co-compostage effluents/déchets verts nous a permis d’identifier l’"effet de concentration" du carbone et de la lignine, comme celui qui définit la qualité des composts en termes de quantité et de stabilité de la matière organique. En revanche, dans le cas des nutriments, seule la qualité des matières premières a été identifiée comme le facteur déterminant de la qualité des produits finaux. Ces résultats nous ont amené à considérer les effluents d’élevage de bovin comme la matière première la plus efficace pour produire des co-composts de qualité satisfaisante, répondant à la problématique d’usure de la matière organique des sols guadeloupéens et permettant de satisfaire les attentes de la profession agricole.De plus des expérimentations réalisées sur les composts domestiques ont montré que la gamme analysée présentait une variabilité trop importante pour être considérée comme acceptable par la profession agricole. Le compostage domestique peut permettre de produire des composts de bonne qualité agronomique à utiliser à la petite échelle des jardins particuliers et des jardins créoles
In Guadeloupe, the practice of composting faces many obstacles and preconceptions both in terms of quality and in terms of lack of large-scale composting plants as well as local composting facilities. Recent studies have shown that the quality of local composts was lower compared to those from temperate regions. This constitutes an important constraint for the adoption of the former by farmers. However, organic waste recovery targets set by the government are ambitious and local resources, although diffused and currently poorly managed or neglected would be of real interest for the farming profession by being directed towards organic recycling such as composting. In this context, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate the quality of compost produced in the tropics, provide factual elements for improvement and, more specifically, to provide information on the agronomic potential of composting livestock manure in Guadeloupe, presenting composting as a sustainable alternative for the recycling of animal waste.A meta-analysis of 442 composts from various sources, the first one to be conducted on the subject enabled us to demonstrate that composts produced in the tropics present lower contents of carbon, nitrogen, potassium and soluble fraction of organic matter than those produced in temperate environments. This could especially be due to the influence of climatic conditions during composting. However, we were able to show that some raw materials allow better quality composts whatever the considered climate, especially the case of livestock manure.A series of experiments conducted on the production of livestock manure composts with co-composting and vermicomposting were treated with an innovative methodological approach in this field, the Bayesian Networks. The evaluation carried out on co-composting has allowed us to identify that the "concentration effect" was the main factor affecting compost quality in terms of amount and stability of organic matter. While in the case of nutrients, only the quality of raw materials has been identified as the determining factor affecting the quality of the end products. These results led us to consider manure, mainly cattle manure, as the most efficient feedstock for producing satisfactory quality composts, meeting the needs of loss of soil organic matter in Guadeloupe and the needs of the farming profession.Further experiments performed on household composts showed that their quality exhibited a too important variability to be considered acceptable by farmers. Our results indicate that household composts could be suitable for use in small-scale private gardens and Creole gardens
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Sequeira, Liliana Lopes. "Compostagem de resíduos sólidos urbanos e avaliação da qualidade dos produtos obtidos - caso de estudo Amarsul S.A." Master's thesis, ISA, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6130.

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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Tecnologias Ambientais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The composting has proven a good alternative in the management, treatment and valorization of municipal solid waste. Depending on the raw materials used for its production, the product may be considered organic fertilizer/corrective to be used in agriculture activities. The present work was developed aiming the evaluation of the MSW composting evolution, by the determination of physical, physical-chemical and biological parameters, in biomass collected along the process, as well as the assessment of stability/maturation degree of the final compost. For each collected sample it was also introduced two different types of biodegradable/compostable plastics, each sample corresponding to a particular phase of stability/curing of composting process in order to evaluate the influence of these plastics in the samples that was obtained and the possible occurrence of biodegradation of plastics in the several phases analyzed. The results showed that the parameters fulfilled the existing literature, allowing the compound the designation of matured/stabilized. The biological characterization of the final compost showed that it presents phytotoxicity, which fact is related to the presence of ammoniacal nitrogen and high electrical conductivity. The introduction of biodegradable plastics in the process didn’t affect any parameter analyzed, showing increasing degree of biodegradability over the course of analysis.
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Ben, Sassi Meriem. "Impacts d’apports de composts de déchets urbains sur la résistance et la résilience de la microflore du sol à des évènements de type canicule/sécheresse." Thesis, Avignon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AVIG0639/document.

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Face aux changements climatiques actuels et à l'augmentation des populations, la vulnérabilité du sol et des services écosystémiques qu’il rend s’accroît. En particulier dans les zones climatiques méditerranéennes, les modèles météorologiques prévoient une augmentation des sécheresses estivales et une augmentation des températures accompagnées par l’apparition plus fréquente d’évènements extrêmes de type canicule et sécheresse. Ces événements, leur intensité, leur durée et la soudaineté avec laquelle ils arrivent, sont de nature à affecter la structure et la fonction des écosystèmes avec des conséquences principalement négatives sur leur biodiversité et leurs fonctions et services. Par ailleurs, l’apport de compost au sol pourrait constituer une solution pour prévenir et atténuer les effets des sécheresses et des canicules dans les agrosystèmes méditerranéens. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de caractériser les effets à court et à long-terme de perturbations de type canicule et/ou sécheresse appliquées à un sol méditerranéen agricole (structures et fonctions des communautés microbiennes édaphiques) et d’étudier les impacts d’épandage préalable de composts sur la réponse à court et à long-terme de ces communautés microbiennes (structures et fonctions) vis-à-vis d’un événement extrême de canicule-sécheresse. Nos travaux nous ont permis d’évaluer l’influence de chacun des facteurs température élevée et sécheresse dans la perturbation canicule et sécheresse associées sur les paramètres microbiologiques et physico-chimiques du sol. Les effets de cette combinaison des deux perturbations a induit des réponses similaires à l’une ou l’autre des perturbations appliquées individuellement en bénéficiant des effets positifs et négatifs sur la communauté microbienne de chaque type de perturbation. Nous avons mis en évidence une durée seuil de la perturbation canicule-sécheresse sur la résistance de la communauté microbienne induisant un changement de structure taxonomique et fonctionnelle. Cette déstructuration de la communauté microbienne est durable et n’a pas permis de résilience. L’ajout préalable de composts de différents types au champ a amélioré la structure physico-chimique et stimulé les microorganismes indigènes du sol. Cependant, face à des perturbations de type canicule-sécheresse (telles que nous les avons testées), il semble que l’apport préalable de compost n’ait pas d’effets majeurs sur l’amélioration de la qualité du sol en terme de stabilité microbienne, mais que l’historique saisonnier influencerait cette stabilité
Current climate change and increasing populations’ growth enhance soil and ecosystem services vulnerability. Meteorological models predicted an increase in summer drought and higher air temperature with more frequent occurrence of extreme events like heat-waves and drought. Intensity and duration of these events may affect structure and functions of ecosystems and thereby the biodiversity and the functions of soil. The amendment of soils with composts could be an alternative to prevent and mitigate the effects of drought and heat waves in the Mediterranean agroecosystems. The objectives of this work were to characterize the effects of short and long-term high temperature and/or drought perturbation on soil Mediterranean microbial communities (structures and functions) and to study the impacts of compost amendment on short and long-term functional and taxonomic responses of microbial communities subjected to drought and high temperature. Our work allowed us to evaluate the influence of each factor (drought or high temperature) within the combined perturbation (drought and high temperature) on microbiological and physico-chemical soil properties. The effects of this combined perturbation induced similar or different responses of each of perturbations applied individually involving positive and negative effects on the microbial community. This work had shown threshold resistance duration inducing a change in taxonomic and functional microbial community structure after high temperature and drought perturbation. This abrupt shift in the community response did not allow resilience. Compost amendments improved the physico-chemical soil structure and stimulated indigenous soil microorganisms. However, it seemed that seasonal soil variations history rather than compost amendment influences soil microbial stability
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Oliveira, Dayane Carvalho Ramos Salles de 1987. "Color stability of direct esthetic restorations = Estabilidade da cor de restaurações estéticas diretas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290398.

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Orientador: Luis Alexandre Maffei Sartini Paulillo
Texto em português e inglês
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar através de espectrometria FT-IR e espectrofotometria de refletância, a estabilidade da cor de restaurações estéticas em resinas compostas após envelhecimento artificial acelerado (EAA). Para tanto, foram utilizados os sistemas adesivos: convencional de 3 passos - Adper ScotchBond Multi-Purpose (3M/ESPE), convencional de 2 passos - Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent), autocondicionante de 2 passos - ClearFill SE Bond (Kuraray) e resinas compostas na cor EA1: nanoparticulada Filtek Z350 XT Supreme (3M/ESPE) e microhíbrida IPS Empress Direct (Ivoclar Vivadent). Espécimes simulando restaurações diretas (n=10) foram confeccionadas, com auxilio de matriz padronizada (4x4x1 mm) sobre substrato dentinário. Restaurações sem sistema adesivo foram utilizadas como controle. As avaliações de cor foram mensuradas com espectrofotômetro (EasyShade Advanced, Vita Zahnfabrik) em duas regiões distintas da restauração: na superfície da resina composta e na interface adesiva, em dois períodos de tempo: 48 h após acabamento e polimento da restauração e após 300 h de EAA com ciclos de 50oC alternados de 4 h de condensação e 4 h de exposição com luz UV. Os espécimes foram aferidos sob fonte de luz padronizada com irradiância espectral relativa D65 (Gti MiniMatcher, Gti Graphic Technology Inc.). Os dados do sistema CIE L*a*b* foram utilizados para o cálculo do ?E, ?L, ?a e ?b pela diferença de cada coordenada final pela inicial. Para análise do grau de conversão (GC) das resinas compostas utilizadas, espécimes com 4 mm de diâmetro (n=10) foram confeccionados e após 48 h analisados em espectrômetro FT-IR Spectrum 100 (Perkin Elmer). Os resultados obtidos foram analisados pela análise de variância a dois fatores e teste de Tukey (?=0,05). Os sistemas adesivos não interferiram na alteração de cor (?E) do corpo da restauração (?=0,90) ou da interface de união (?=0,78). Por outro lado, o fator resina composta foi significativo para a estabilidade de cor (?E) e para os valores das coordenadas isoladas (?<0,001). Em relação ao GC, a resina IPS Empress Direct apresentou resultados superiores (67%) frente a Z350XT (61%) com diferença estatisticamente significante (?<0,001). Desta forma, concluiu-se que o sistema adesivo não foi capaz de alterar a cor final de restaurações estéticas diretas. Entretanto, em relação para o fator resina composta foi encontrada diferença quanto à estabilidade da cor pelo EEA e ao GC, no qual a IPS Empress Direct apresentou resultados superiores
Abstract: The aim of this study was tm po evaluate the color stability and degree of conversion of esthetic composite resin restorations after accelerated artificial aging (AAA) by FT-IR and reflectance spectrometry. Thus, two etch and rinse adhesive systems - Adper ScotchBond Multi-Purpose (3M/ESPE) and Tetric N Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent) and one two-step self-etching bond system - ClearFill SE Bond (Kuraray) were used with two EA1 shade composite resins: Filtek Z350 XT nanofilled (3M/ESPE) and IPS Empress Direct microhybrid (Ivoclar Vivadent). The restored specimens (n=10) were made with standardized dimensions using a silicon mold under dentin substrate (4x4x1mm). The color were measured with a spectrophotometer (EasyShade Advanced, Vita Zahnfabrik) on composite resin surface and bond interface: 48 hours after finishing and polishing procedures; after 300 hours of AAA with 50oC cycles with 4 hours of condensation and 4 hours of UV exposure. Specimens were measured in a color-assessment cabinet (Gti MiniMatcher, Gti Graphic Technology Inc.) with a light source simulating the spectral relative irradiance of CIE standard illuminant D65. The CIE L*a*b* data were used to calculate the ?E, ?L, ?a and ?b by the difference between each final and initial coordinate. The degree of conversion (DC) of the composite resins used was measured using 4x4x1 mm samples (n=10). The DC analysis was performed using a FT-IR spectrometer Spectrum 100 (Perkin Elmer) after 48 hours. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (?=0.05). As the results, the adhesive systems had no significant influence on the color stability (?E) of the restoration surface (?=0.90) or the bonding interface (?=0.78). Moreover, the composite resin factor was significant and influenced the color as measured by ?E and isolated coordinates (?<0.001). As for the DC, IPS Empress Direct resin showed better results (67%) compared to Z350XT (61%) with statistically significant differences (?<0.001). Therefore, the adhesive system could not affect the final color of direct esthetic restorations. On the other hand, IPS Empress Direct showed better results of DC and color stability after EEA
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Pigalle, Florence. "Etude de la stabilité du cisplatine en solution aqueuse : proposition et évaluation de protocoles de conservation." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P029.

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Books on the topic "Compost stability"

1

Switzenbaum, Michael S. Defining biosolids stability: A basis for public and regulatory acceptance ; project 94-REM-1. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Research Foundation, 1997.

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Kori͡agin, S. I. Nesushchai͡a sposobnostʹ kompozit͡sionnykh materialov. Kaliningrad: Kaliningradskiǐ gos. universitet, 1996.

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1932-, Fukumoto Yuhshi, ed. Structural stability design: Steel and composite structures. Oxford: Pergamon, 1997.

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Bonvicini, Gianni, and Flavio Brugnoli. Il Fiscal Compact. Roma: Edizioni Nuova Cultura, 2012.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Thermo-oxidative stability studies of PMR-15 polymer matrix composites reinforced with various continuous fibers. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Thermo-oxidative stability studies of PMR-15 polymer matrix composites reinforced with various continuous fibers. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1990.

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A, Paquin Roger, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and International Symposium on Optical and Optoelectronic Applied Sciences and Engineering (1990 : San Diego, Calif.), eds. Dimensional stability, 12-13 July 1990, San Diego, California. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1990.

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Science), Japanese-European Symposium on Composite Materials (8th 2002 Tokyo University of. Repairing structures using composite wraps: The 8th Japanese-European Symposium on Composite Materials. London: Hermes Penton Science, 2003.

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R, Narayanan, ed. Steel-concrete composite structures. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1988.

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Sabik, Agnieszka. Analiza stateczności powłok warstwowych obciążonych termicznie: Stability analysis of thermally loaded multilayered shells. Gdańsk: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Gdańskiej, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Compost stability"

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Ceustermans, An, Jozef Coosemans, and Jaak Ryckeboer. "Compost Microbial Activity Related to Compost Stability." In Microbes at Work, 115–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04043-6_6.

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Barberis, Renzo, and Pina Nappi. "Evaluation of Compost Stability." In The Science of Composting, 175–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_18.

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Siddiqui, Sazada, Saad Alamri, Suliman Al Rumman, Mohammed A. Al-Kahtani, Mukesh K. Meghvansi, Mouna Jeridi, Tanveer Shumail, and Mahmood Moustafa. "Recent Advances in Assessing the Maturity and Stability of Compost." In Soil Biology, 181–202. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39173-7_9.

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Lasaridi, K. E., and E. I. Stentiford. "Respirometric Techniques in the Context of Compost Stability Assessment:Principles and Practice." In The Science of Composting, 274–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_27.

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de Nobili, M., M. T. Baca, F. Fornasier, and C. Mondini. "Ninhydrin Reactive Nitrogen of CHCl3 Fumigated and Non Fumigated Compost Extracts as a Parameter to Evaluate Compost stability." In The Science of Composting, 255–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1569-5_25.

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Martín-Ramos, Pablo, and Jesús Martín-Gil. "Facile Monitoring of the Stability and Maturity of Compost Through Fast Analytical Instrumental Techniques." In Soil Biology, 153–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39173-7_8.

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Vinson, Jack R. "Elastic Stability of Shells." In The Behavior of Shells Composed of Isotropic and Composite Materials, 207–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8141-7_11.

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Bhatia, Nam Parshad, and George Philip Szegö. "Flow near a Compact Invariant Set." In Stability Theory of Dynamical Systems, 114–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-62006-5_7.

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Gotoh, Keinosuke, Minoru Yamanaka, Toshihiro Ikuta, and Teppei Ogawa. "Slope stability of embankment model composed of municipal bottom ash: Centrifuge model tests and FDM analysis." In Slope Stability Engineering, 827–30. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203739600-31.

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Chen, Lien-Wen, and C. Y. Yu. "Stability of an Orthotropic Plate Subjected to a Follower Force." In Composite Structures 4, 100–108. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3455-9_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Compost stability"

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Wang, T., J. Ju, F. Dang, W. Zhang, Y. Zhou, and Z. Li. "Research on emission stability of carbon/carbon composite material cathodes." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS), 1. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icops58192.2024.10626707.

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Seralin, Aidar, Aruzhan Zinedenova, Mukhammadali Ibragim, Damir Aidarkhanov, and Annie Ng. "Enhancing the Stability of Organic Photovoltaics with Multifunctional Composite Coatings." In 2024 IEEE 52nd Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (PVSC), 0781–83. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc57443.2024.10749428.

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Tsui, L., Y. C. Chao, M. A. Juang, and Y. T. Chung. "Evaluating the thermal stability and sorption capacity of several compost chars." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm080251.

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Le, Minh, Anand J. Puppala, and Aravind Pedarla. "Effect of Compost Soil Treatment on Surficial Slope Stability in Fully Softened Condition." In IFCEE 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479087.256.

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Iqbal, Muhammad Khalid, Khurshed Ahmed, Tahira Shafiq, and M. Khalid Saeed. "Changes in biochemical characteristics of stability in food waste compost by four different techniques." In 2009 ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2009. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2009.4906601.

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Vishwakarma, Vinod Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, A. S. Jethoo, and Meena Khwairakpam. "Comparative study on assessment of compost stability through C/N ratio by different composting techniques." In The International Conference on Academic Research in Science, Technology and Engineering. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icarste.2019.04.259.

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Samborski, Sylwester, and Jakub Rzeczkowski. "Experimental investigation of delamination onset and propagation in mechanically coupled composite laminates." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 15TH STABILITY OF STRUCTURES SYMPOSIUM. Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5086143.

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Jianguo, Nie, Li Faxiong, and Wu Lili. "The Stability Study on Steel-Concrete Composite Plates." In 4th International Conference on Steel & Composite Structures. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-6218-3_cc-fr014.

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Yamamoto, K., K. Mizuuchi, Y. Kitaoka, and M. Kato. "Frequency Doubling of Laser Diode using Periodically Domain-inverted LiTaO3." In Compact Blue-Green Lasers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cbgl.1993.ctha.5.

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As compact, solid-state sources for blue coherent light, laser diode-based second harmonic generation (SHG) devices hold great potential for use in high-density optical disk and laser printer applications. In such applications, the primary concerns for the blue light sources are those of stability and high power generation over several milliwatts.
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Seeley, Charles E., Eladio Delgado, Jan Kunzman, and Dirk Bellamy. "Miniature Piezo Composite Bimorph Actuator for Elevated Temperature Operation." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-44088.

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Development of a new, miniature actuator with large stroke and enhanced thermal stability could provide an improved capability for useful applications. This paper investigates the design, fabrication and testing of a macro fiber composite (MFC) based bimorph actuator to meet stringent requirements such as size, stroke and thermal stability. Results indicate that a d33/d31 MFC configuration was compact and provided sufficient stroke while avoiding issues related to depolarization at elevated temperature. A compact, high voltage power supply that runs off of a 3 volt battery was also developed as part of this effort.
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Reports on the topic "Compost stability"

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Hoitink, Harry A. J., Yitzhak Hadar, Laurence V. Madden, and Yona Chen. Sustained Suppression of Pythium Diseases: Interactions between Compost Maturity and Nutritional Requirements of Biocontrol Agents. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568755.bard.

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Several procedures were developed that predict maturity (stability) of composts prepared from municipal solid wastes (MSW). A respirometry procedure, based O2 uptake by compost, predicted (R2=0.90) the growth response of ryegrass in composts and an acceptable level of maturity. Spectroscopic methods (CPMAS13-NMR and DRIFT spectroscopy) showed that the stabilizing compost contained increasing levels of aromatic structures. All procedures predicted acceptable plant growth after approximately 110 days of composting. MSW compost suppressed diseases caused by a broad spectrum of plant pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium oxysporum. A strain of Pantoea agglomerans was identified that caused lysis of hyphae of R. solani. Evidence was obtained, suggesting that thermophilic biocontrol agents also might play a role in suppression. 13C-NMR spectra revealed that the longevity of the suppressive effect against Pythium root rot was determined by the concentration of readily biodegradable carbohydrate in the substrate, mostly present as cellulose. Bacterial species capable of inducing biocontrol were replaced by those not effective as suppression was lost. The rate of uptake of 14C-acetate into microbial biomass in the conducive substrate was not significantly different from that in the suppressive substrate although specific activity was higher. The suppressive composts induced systemic acquired resistance in cucumjber roots to Pythium root rot and to anthracnose in the foliage. Composts also increased peroxidase activity in plants by the conducive substrate did not have these effects. In summary, the composition of the organic fraction determined bacterial species composition and activity in the substrate, which in turn regulated plant gene expression relative to biological control.
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Hoitink, Harry A. J., Yitzhak Hadar, Laurence V. Madden, and Yona Chen. Sustained Suppression of Pythium Diseases: Interactions between Compost Maturity and Nutritional Requirements of Biocontrol Agents. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568746.bard.

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Several procedures were developed that predict maturity (stability) of composts prepared from municipal solid wastes (MSW). A respirometry procedure, based O2 uptake by compost, predicted (R2=0.90) the growth response of ryegrass in composts and an acceptable level of maturity. Spectroscopic methods (CPMAS13-NMR and DRIFT spectroscopy) showed that the stabilizing compost contained increasing levels of aromatic structures. All procedures predicted acceptable plant growth after approximately 110 days of composting. MSW compost suppressed diseases caused by a broad spectrum of plant pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium oxysporum. A strain of Pantoea agglomerans was identified that caused lysis of hyphae of R. solani. Evidence was obtained, suggesting that thermophilic biocontrol agents also might play a role in suppression. 13C-NMR spectra revealed that the longevity of the suppressive effect against Pythium root rot was determined by the concentration of readily biodegradable carbohydrate in the substrate, mostly present as cellulose. Bacterial species capable of inducing biocontrol were replaced by those not effective as suppression was lost. The rate of uptake of 14C-acetate into microbial biomass in the conducive substrate was not significantly different from that in the suppressive substrate although specific activity was higher. The suppressive composts induced systemic acquired resistance in cucumjber roots to Pythium root rot and to anthracnose in the foliage. Composts also increased peroxidase activity in plants by the conducive substrate did not have these effects. In summary, the composition of the organic fraction determined bacterial species composition and activity in the substrate, which in turn regulated plant gene expression relative to biological control.
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Fu, G. Y., L. P. Ku, W. A. Cooper, and S. H. Hirshman. Magnetohydodynamics stability of compact stellarators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/750055.

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Fleszar, Mark F. Thermal Stability of Epoxy Composite Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada306485.

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M.H. Redi, J. Canik, R.L. Dewar, J.L. Johnson, S. Klasky, W.A. Cooper, and W. Kerbichler. Ballooning Stability of the Compact Quasiaxially Symmetric Stellarator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/788263.

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M. H. Redi, W. A. Cooper, A. Diallo, G-Y. Fu, C. Nuehrenberg, A. H. Reiman, R. B. White, and M. C. Zarnstorff. Stability and transport in compact quasi-axisymmetric stellarators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/758020.

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Shehap, A. M., Kh H. Mahmouda, M. F. H. Abd El-kader, and Tarek M. El-Basheer. Thermal stability and kinetic studies of gelatin/tgs composite films. Edited by Lotfia Elnai and Ramy Mawad. Journal of Modern trends in physics research, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.19138/mtpr/(14)100-104.

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Venturini, M. Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Bunch Stability in a Compact Storage Ring. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839821.

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Knierim, James J., Hemant S. Kudrimoti, and Bruce L. McNaughton. Hippocampal Place Fields, the Internal Compass, and the Learning of Landmark Stability,. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada289406.

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Chagas, Rafael, Ana Paula Oliveira, Denise Castro, Andrea Reis, and Bruna Fronza. Influence of modeling resins on the color stability of composite resins: A systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0068.

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