Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Composition du bois'
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Hakkou, Mohammed. "Procédé de traitement thermique du bois, évolution de la composition chimique et des propriétés macroscopiques : Identification d'un paramètre de contrôle de la durabilité." Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10018.
Full textIt is generally accepted that thermal treatment of wood by mild pyrolysis improved its durability to fungal degradation. This improvement is generally explained by 4 hypothesis: the low affinity of heat-treated wood to water, the generation of toxic compounds, the chemical modification of the main wood polymers and the degradation of hemicelluloses. Ln order to confirm or flot the previous hypothesis, the durability of heat-treated beech wood towards Coriolus versicolor was evaluated according to different parameters like mass, wettability or chemical composition. There was insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis for the generation of fungicidal compounds or for the hydrophobie character. The most plausible hypothesis concerns its chemical modifications. Indeed, degradation of hemicelluloses associated to lignin chemical modifications could be at the origin of improved durability. Moreover the results show a good correlation between the weight loss during the treatment and the fungal durability. From this correlation we propose a quality contrai for the thermal treatment
Chepca, Hadrien. "Analyse du déterminisme de la composition du bois de vigne en relation avec la tolérance aux maladies du bois." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ055.
Full textGrapevine wood is rich in polyphenols that could have an impact on the development of fungi linked to grapevine trunk diseases (GTD). The aim of this thesis is to analyze the genetic determinism of grapevine wood composition and study its possible impact on the tolerance to GTD. Using metabolomics and quantitative genetics approaches, we have identified regions of the grapevine genome that determine the content of stilbene family molecules in wood. Functional validation of candidate genes has led to the characterization of a gene controlling the constitutive accumulation of glycosylated stilbenes in wood, which is the first identification of a gene involved in stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine using a genetic approach. In parallel, the development of a phenotyping method based on fungal biomarkers has enabled us to identify regions of the grapevine genome impacting the development of the fungus Neofusicoccum parvum associated with GTD. These results suggest the existence of a genetic basis for tolerance to N. parvum, which could eventually be exploited in varietal breeding programs
Labbé, Nicole. "Mise au point d'une nouvelle méthode de dosage de l'eau dans le bois et caractérisation des composés organiques du pin maritime par résonance magnétique nucléaire domaine temps." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12540.
Full textSt-Pierre, François. "Caractérisation physico-chimique de bois et d’écorces de Betula alleghaniensis et Acer saccharum de différentes vigueurs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29174/29174.pdf.
Full textForests of South-West Québec, Canada, are rich in yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Past forest practices were aiming to harvest the superior quality and higher value logs via selective cuttings, which resulted in a decrease of the general vigor of the trees left standing in the forests. Current regulations require the foresters to harvest preferentially low vigor trees in order to restore the quality of the forests. These low vigor trees, which are often less suitable for value-added products such as flooring or furniture, are also generally of a low economic value. The addition of an ethanolic extraction of the wood and bark tissues to a currently applied processing approach was studied in order to assess its feasibility with trees of different vigor. Wood and bark tissues were collected from vigorous (references) and non-vigorous dying trees (fungus infected or with very poor foliage) and were extracted with ethanol using two different methods: maceration assisted and an ultrasound assisted extraction. The extracts were characterized for their total phenols, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, triterpenes and phytosterols content. Tissues were characterized before and after extraction for their calorific value, organic composition, ash content and ash mineral composition. While much variation was observed between trees, the ethanolic extractions did not affect the combustion properties of the tissues, while bringing a significant contribution in polyphenols, triterpenes and phytosterols - all molecules having potential applications in nutraceutics, pharmaceutics or cosmeceutics - no matter the vigor of the tree at the source of the tissues or the extraction method employed. The ethanolic extraction of wood and bark coming from low vigor yellow birch and sugar maple can be considered as a mean to add value to the resource.
Mutonkole, Senga Patrick. "Caractérisation chimique de bois de tiges et de branches de Trema orientalis (L.) Blume et de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29598/29598.pdf.
Full textThe chemical characterization of ramial chipped wood (RCW) and of the T. orientalis and the L. leucocephala stem woods has shown a higher degree of lignification in the branches of Trema than in the stem woods whereas reverse results have been found for the Leucaena. Besides, higher rates in ashes have been found in the branches than in the trunk, with values globally higher for Trema. The C/N ratio, determined by elementary analysis, has revealed higher values for stem wood than for the RCW of the two species. In contrast, the lignin/N ratio of the branches, naturally low, for the two species, has led to the prediction stating that the decomposition of the lignin-cellulosic matter of the branches would be faster than that of the stem wood. Besides, best ratio C/N and lignin/N have been found for Leucaena. At last, several identical compounds, derivatives of the lignin, have been mostly identified in the stem wood as in the RCW.
Chaouch, Mounir. "Effet de l'intensité du traitement sur la composition élémentaire et la durabilité du bois traité thermiquement : développement d'un marqueur de prédiction de la résistance aux champignons basidiomycètes." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10027/document.
Full textThermal treatment has been used to improve properties of non durable European species. Chemical modification of some of the wood components provides improved dimensional stability and biological performance against decay fungi while mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture are reduced. Quality control of commercially made thermally treated wood is one of the major road blocks of its industrial development. The variability inherent within a wood species and between wood species, density and chemical compositions variation combined with the heat treatment parameters such as temperature duration and levels contribute to the production of heterogeneous heat treated wood. The development of a heat treatment process by conduction which monitors the weight changes during the process will facilitate and help in controlling, in understanding and predicting the properties of heat treated wood. Data collected from a pilot study of heat treated wood using conditions similar to commercial process show that hardwood species were more susceptible to thermal degradation as compared to softwood. It was also established that wood chemical composition is directly connected to the percent of weight loss due to thermodegradation, allowing the use of chemical composition to predict fungi durability. Carbon and oxygen contents and/or oxygen to carbon ratio of heat treated wood can be therefore used as valuable markers to develop quality control assessment of heat treated wood
Hentges, David Jean. "Caractérisation de la composition chimique du bois par pyrolyse flash couplée à la GC/MS : application à l'étude de la variabilité naturelle et aux modifications résultant de différents traitements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0321.
Full textAnalytical pyrolysis is an innovative method that allows gas chromatographic analysis of complex polymers by reducing them to volatile monomers. The method requires only a few milligrams of material and is performed in a few seconds. Wood is an abundant renewable material that is used in many forms, notably in construction, in fiberboard and in the extractives it containsNumerous chemical and thermochemical modification techniques are used to improve the properties of wood, including acetylation, furfurylation and heat treatment. Pyrolysis is a new technique to characterize treated wood to understand the chemical modifications that have been generated. The classical methods used such as NMR, FTIR do not allow for a complete picture of the wood, more specifically on elements such as the regioselectivity of the modifications. The aim of our work is to answer fundamental questions about the natural variability of wood as well as the chemical modifications generated by different methods. The polymerization of furfuryl alcohol in wood could be demonstrated as well as the formation of a covalent bond with lignin. The wood acylated with different linear anhydrides revealed new structures that allow to identify the reaction sites and to estimate the reactivity of macromolecules. The method is capable of quantifying the extent of modification of the different biopolymers that constitute the wood. Using principal component analyses (PCA), the natural variations of wood as a function of height, tissue and between different specimens of the same species could be characterized. Py-GC/MS was also used to show structural differences after heat and fungal treatment to reveal how these degradations affect the wood
Kebbi-Benkeder, Zineb. "Biodiversité interspécifique et intraspécifique des extractibles nodaux." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0072.
Full textWood is a renewable material used by man for construction, furniture, paper making, energy, etc. Wood contains extractives of great economic value which belong to various chemical families such as terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, etc. The knots (base of the branch embedded in the trunk) of some tree species are extremely rich in extractives.This study aims at analysing the inter-specific, intra-specific and within-tree variabilities of knotwood extractives to target the richest species, stations and tree parts. For that purpose, the knots of twenty-three species and those of fifteen firs grown under different conditions were extracted using several solvents and analysed. The results confirm the richness of knots compared to heartwood and sapwood for all species. Overall softwood knots contain mainly more extractives than hardwoods. The main compounds identified in softwoods are lignans, stilbenes, flavonoids and terpenes Gallic acid and flavonoids are present in hardwoods. The study of the vertical profile shows that concentrations decrease from the base of the crown to the tree tip. In addition, the results highlight the influence of growth conditions since dominant trees and/or those grown according to dynamic silvicultures are particularly rich in knot extractives. These results allow considering the valorization of wood industries by-products as bioactive molecules resource for various applications
Hamada, Joël. "Effet de la variabilité intra et interspécifique du bois sur les procédés de traitement thermique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0254/document.
Full textIn the context of sustainable development which has seen the introduction of the biocides directive BPD 98/8/CE in the EU, innovative wood preservation practices such as Heat Treatment (HT) become relevant. Wood HT, also termed wood thermal modification, is a physical modification technology by which wood is heated at around 200 °C in an inert atmosphere. The main purpose of the treatment is to improve the biological durability and dimensional stability of wood. Current studies on thermally modified wood (TMW) quality are focusing on treated material, on treatment conditions or on species effect on the end-product characteristics. Relatively little is known about the effect of intrinsic wood properties on its thermal modification. As wood properties vary especially under the influence of human activities through sylviculture, this thesis studied the effect of European oak and silver fir wood density and chemical composition on their thermal modification kinetic. An X rays computed tomography (CT) and densitometer were used to characterize wood samples. Boards were heat-treated by conduction under vacuum using a pilot furnace, whereas sawdust samples underwent thermo-gravimetric analysis under nitrogen. The analysis allowed finding intra- and interspecific variations, especially within growth rings and along radial direction (from pith to bark). Forest management impacted heat modification kinetic of the studied samples, especially in silver fir where fast grown wood was more sensitive to treatment. The finding will be used as additional information to the wood industry which will account for homogeneity of loadings destined to heat treatment
Hannouz, Simon. "Développement d’indicateurs pour la caractérisation mécanique et la durabilité des bois traités thermiquement." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0047/document.
Full textThe heat treatment of wood has been a growing industry in the last decade, but its development is curbed by the lack of certifications. Heat-treated wood is a new material whose mechanical properties and durability are modified by heat transfer and chemical reactions of biopolymers. This study aims at finding non-destructive indicators that can guarantee heat-treated wood quality. The characterization of several species heated by Bois Durables de Bourgogne first enables to assess the influence of heat treatment on various samples using small specimens free from defects. This first approach shows a marked improvement of durability ensuring uses in hazard class 4, and variations of mechanical properties depending on studied reaction. Properties that appear as the most relevant in terms of certifications are bending strength and mass loss due to heat treatment. The latter is directly linked to durability owing to studies previously led by LERMAB. At this stage vibration analysis seems to be a proper way to estimate treatment intensity. In a second part ash wood is studied under four treatment intensity, between 170 and 228 °C on large specimens. This second approach confirms that vibration analysis is an appropriate indicator to estimate mass loss, but does not predict bending strength. Wood elemental composition which has been already highlighted as an indicator by other studies is not suitable for an industrial application. On the other hand the area under the treatment chart is a global measurement which is easily available and well correlated with mean values of bending strength and mass loss
Martin-Dupont, Fabienne. "Valorisation chimique d'un co-produit de la filière bois : Approche théorique des capacités fixatrices en métaux lourds par les écorces forestières." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1475.
Full textBrémaud, Iris. "Diversité des bois utilisés ou utilisables en facture d'instruments de musique : étude expérimentale des propriétés vibratoires en direction axiale de types de bois contrastés en majorité tropicaux : relations à des déterminants de microstructure et de composition chimique secondaire." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00548934.
Full textEtien, Nathalie. "Variabilité climatique récente en France : l'apport des isotopes de la cellulose du bois final des chênes de Fontainebleau." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066147.
Full textMeyo, Degboevi Henri. "Variabilité intra spécifique de la composition chimique des connexes issus de la première transformation du bois de différentes essences gabonaises et valorisations chimiques potentielles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0203.
Full textDuring this work, the rate of bark, heartwood and sapwood extracts of four Gabonese species was evaluated using the ASE 200 accelerated extraction technique and the Soxhlet for successive extractions with dichloromethane, acetone, toluene/ethanol and water. Also, parallel extractions with ethanol, water/ethanol and water whose extracts allowed the continuation of the work with the rate of extracts varying from 05 to 26%. The total phenols contained in the extractives were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method using gallic acid as the standard. The content varies from 1.36 to 383.2 mg gallic acid eq/g extracts. The identification of compounds contained in the extracts by GC-MS allowed the identification of chlorophorin and resveratrol in Iroko extracts. The extracts of the other essences as a whole, allowed the identification of sugar molecules, acid molecules and sterols. Growth inhibition tests on decay fungi showed that at concentrations of 300 ppm the extractives were fungistatic and at concentrations of 500 ppm some extractives were fungicidal (Azobe extractive). The evaluation of the antioxidant and colouring properties of the extracts to consider potential industrial applications was carried out. The anti-radical power of the extracts was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical. The concentrations required to consume 50% of the radical range from 2.3 to 6.2 mg/L. The ability of aqueous and alkaline extracts to dye cotton was evaluated. The measurement of the colouring taken by the fibres was done using a Datacolor D65°10 colorimeter. The results show that these extracts give a yellow coloration with Iroko and Dabéma extracts and a red coloration with Tali and Azobé extracts. The use of extractives to inhibit bacterial growth showed that the extractives were bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal for the concentrations tested
Pitre, Frédéric. "Impact de la fertilisation azotée sur la formation du bois chez le peuplier : effets à court terme sur la structure, la composition et l'expression génique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/25063/25063.pdf.
Full textPitre, Frédéric. "Impact de la fertilisation azotée sur la formation du bois chez le peuplier : effets à court terme sur la structure, la composition et l'expression génique." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AGPT0047.
Full textPierre, Floran. "Traitement thermique du bois en vue de sa valorisation énergétique : effet de l'intensité de traitement sur la composition chimique, les propriétés énergétiques et la résilience mécanique." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01066141.
Full textImbert, Stulc Anna. "Provenances géographiques des bois de la cathédrale de Notre-Dame de Paris. Compositions élémentaires et isotopiques en Sr et Nd : effet de la carbonisation, référentiels régionaux et applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS594.pdf.
Full textThe wooden framework of the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral was almost destroyed by fire on April 15, 2019. Although the remains of the charred timbers are not of interest for the reconstruction, they conceal more than 800 years of the monument’s history. Their investigation thus constitutes an extraordinary opportunity to shed light on the construction techniques and relationships between society and forest resources during the Central Middle Ages (11th-13th centuries). A key point to better understand past forestry management and timber trade is the provenance of the timber woods. The aim of this work is to determine the geographical origin of the wood used to build the Notre-Dame's framework with the help of geochemical tracers, in particular the multi-elemental composition and isotope ratios of strontium (Sr) and neodymium (Nd). The strength of geochemical source tracing relies on the ability to discriminate sites based on their geological and soil contexts. During growth, trees absorb mineral-derived nutrients which are partially transferred to the wood cell walls. The abundance and isotopic signature of these mineral-derived nutrients in wood thus reflect those of rocks and soils on which the tree grew. This approach is applied here for the first time to carbonized archeological wood. Before proceeding to identification of the origin of the Notre-Dame timber woods, 1) the preservation of geochemical signals during carbonization was verified experimentally, and 2) a referential database of multi-elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic signatures in modern wood was built at the scale of the Seine River catchment. Although the carbonization led to volatilization and loss of some of the studied elements, it did not affect Sr and Nd isotopic composition of charred wood. Additionally, reliable elemental tracers for provenance were selected on the basis of the ratios of thermostable elements i.e., those whose decrease in concentration was negligible (< 20% at 800°C). The geochemical tracers were tested on modern wood from the 12 referential forests, each representing one type of substrate characteristic of the Seine River catchment area. Determination of the origin of modern wood could be achieved with an accuracy of around 80% and was strongly controlled by the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio, as well as by the Sr/Ca and Nd/Ca elemental ratios. The carbonized timbers from the Notre-Dame framework were characterized for cutting dates of trees and their geochemical signatures were compared with one another, and with those of wood from the referential forests. The geochemical signatures of most of the medieval woods were found to be characteristic of forest stands growing on deep silty soils, in agreement with findings from historical archives pointing towards an origin of the timbers in the south-east of Paris
Audiard, Benjamin. "Le bois, archive des changements climatiques entre mer et montagne du Paléolithique moyen au Mésolithique : Composition isotopique (13C/12C), reconstitutions paléoclimatiques, histoire des forêts et interactions hommes/milieux." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ2027.
Full textDuring Prehistory, past societies challenged numerous climatic and environmental changes, of unequal duration, varying intensity and within a global pattern of glacial/interglacial cycles. Therefore, understanding how these societies faced these environmental conditions and how they adapted is a crucial question for prehistorians. In that respect, the taxonomic study of charcoal remains, well preserved in archaeological sequences, provides information on the local woody environment, but also on human strategies of wood harvesting. This approach is often limited by several methodological (e.g. the need for a large amount of charcoal, types of deposits, ...) and interpretative issues (no information on the extent of forest cover, limitations in climatic interpretation, overlapping of ecological and economic information).In order to overcome these limitations, this work follows studies on the isotopic signal (δ13C) of wood and pioneering analogous studies on charcoal. The main objective is to develop a crossover approach (taxonomic and isotopic) in the study of charcoal from Upper Pleistocene and early Holocene sequences. The first part of this thesis focuses on the creation of a modern reference collection on Pinus sp. The second part studies the anthracological assemblages of nine diachronic archaeological sites (Southeastern France: les Canalettes [Mid. Paleo.], la Combette [Mid. Paleo.], Chauvet-Pont d’Arc [Upp. Paleo.], la Baume d’Oulen [Upp. Paleo. /Meso.], la Grotte aux Points [Upper Paleolithic, les Deux- Ouvertures [Upp. Paleo.], les Prés de Laure [Mid./Upp. Paleo], la Baume de Monthiver [Upper Paleo. / Meso.]; Northeastern France: Mutzig [Mid. Paleo.]).Through our modern reference collection, we show that the isotopic signal of Pinus charcoals can be used to study the climatic and environmental evolution on the long term (low frequency evolution) independently of their species and with the same degree of carbonization. By applying our method to archaeological sites, we identified a preferential conservation of charcoals with a low carbonization degree. This observation, coupled with the physiological response of ancient plants (adapted to atmospheric and climatic conditions), gives the mean δ13C signal a strong potential as a low frequency environmental and climatic proxy. Moreover, by obtaining a representative isotopic signal by “individual” or “grouped” analysis of charcoals, our method can be adapted to different archaeological contexts (characteristics of the material, conservation of the stratigraphy), with the additional advantages and disadvantages specific to each of these approaches (study of the variability of the signal, cost and time). Reliable results obtained with species other than Pinus (here, Betula, Juniperus) also support the versatility of this method. Furthermore, our study shows that signal variability can be used as a marker for changes in wood harvesting areas.In addition to our methodological contributions, this work brings new data on past environmental and climatic contexts. Finally, our study on archaeological sites spanning from the Middle Paleolithic to the Mesolithic contributes to the current debates on the relationship between societies and environment (wood management, mobility patterns, natural determinism, etc.)
Crespin, Julien. "Analyse de la composition isotopique en oxygène ([delta][18]O) des phytolithes de bois et des diatomées lacustres pour la mise au point de nouveaux traceurs paléoclimatiques continentaux." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30065.
Full textIn order to compensate for the scarcity of quantitative terrestrial paleoclimate proxies, this PhD thesis aim to define new thermo-dependant relationships between [delta][18]O"biogenic silica" and [delta][18]O"forming water". The IR Laser-Fluorination technique for extracting oxygen was successfully used for analyzing [delta][18]O composition of small to minute samples of biogenic silica. For the first time a thermo-dependant relationship between [delta][18]O"wood phytoliths" and [delta][18]O"rainfall" is evidenced, for phytolith assemblages from rainforests (Queensland, Australia). The thermo-dependant relationships between [delta][18]O"lake diatoms" and [delta][18]O"lake water" obtained from the lake ofAnnecy (France) supports the previous calibration obtained for lacustrine diatoms. These relationships will be used as references for interpreting [delta][18]O"phyitoliths" (e. G. From the Australo-Pacific area) and S^Odiaioms (from lakes) quaternary records
Kebbi-Benkeder, Zineb. "Biodiversité interspécifique et intraspécifique des extractibles nodaux." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AGPT0072/document.
Full textWood is a renewable material used by man for construction, furniture, paper making, energy, etc. Wood contains extractives of great economic value which belong to various chemical families such as terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, etc. The knots (base of the branch embedded in the trunk) of some tree species are extremely rich in extractives.This study aims at analysing the inter-specific, intra-specific and within-tree variabilities of knotwood extractives to target the richest species, stations and tree parts. For that purpose, the knots of twenty-three species and those of fifteen firs grown under different conditions were extracted using several solvents and analysed. The results confirm the richness of knots compared to heartwood and sapwood for all species. Overall softwood knots contain mainly more extractives than hardwoods. The main compounds identified in softwoods are lignans, stilbenes, flavonoids and terpenes Gallic acid and flavonoids are present in hardwoods. The study of the vertical profile shows that concentrations decrease from the base of the crown to the tree tip. In addition, the results highlight the influence of growth conditions since dominant trees and/or those grown according to dynamic silvicultures are particularly rich in knot extractives. These results allow considering the valorization of wood industries by-products as bioactive molecules resource for various applications
Alvarado, Swanni Tatiana. "Evaluation du rôle des feux de brousse sur la composition, la structure, la phénologie, et la résistance de la végétation des bois de tapia (Uapaca bojeri) du massif d'Ibity, Nouvelle Aire Protégée, en vue de sa gestion durable." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00866277.
Full textAlvarado, Swanni Tatiana. "Evaluation du rôle des feux de brousse sur la composition, la structure, la phénologie, et la résistance de la végétation des bois de tapia (Uapaca bojeri) du massif d’Ibity, Nouvelle Aire Protégée, en vue de sa gestion durable." Thesis, Avignon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AVIG0323/document.
Full textCurrently loss and transformation of habitats are the main threats which cause the decrease of biological diversity. In Madagascar, 90% of plants species are endemic of the island and most of the plant formations types are at present strongly degraded or replaced by secondary formations resulting from human activities. Tapia woodland, dominated by the endemic tree Uapaca bojeri, is a sclerophyllous vegetation type limited in the Malagasy highlands. This vegetation type, adapted and resistant to the natural fire regime, is very fragmented today, covering a surface equivalent to 132 255ha on the island. In order to increase the protection of tapia woodland, a new protected area was established on Ibity massif. The current state of the woody vegetation is the result of the interaction of some factors as soil type, climate, human traditional practices and fire. Although fire is one of the phenomena that determine the dynamics of this vegetation, the current fire regime is also one of the main causes of degradation. The objective of this thesis is to study the role of fire on the demographic cycle and on some main processes for installation and recruitment. Thus, germination, plant phenology and seedlings resistance after burnt were studied. This research shows that the current problem of tapia woodland are 1) the reduction of flowering and fruiting by high fire frequencies; 2) the reduction of germination percent after seed exposure with high temperatures, and 3) high seedlings mortality after burnt, in particular when the quantity of fuel is raised. Installation and recruitment of woody species are limited by fire, which has a negative effect on natural regeneration. Fire management around the protected area is thus necessary for its conservation
Garcés, Cea Marcelo Arnoldo. "Proteomic study of wood formation in maritime pine." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13633/document.
Full textWood properties in maritime pine are highly variable at chemical, anatomical and mechanical levels. Six types of wood can be found in a single tree, early wood, late wood, crown wood, base wood, compression wood and opposite wood. In this thesis report, we tested the hypothesis that the observed variability at the phenotypic level, can be bound to the differential expression of proteins during the process of wood formation. We use the tools of proteomics, Bidimensional electrophoresis and LC ESI MS/MS for the discovery of 165 proteins differentially expressed in a cambial age gradient, (from base wood to crown wood), an 93 overexpressed proteins in a seasonal gradient (from early wood collected at the beginning of the growing season, to late wood, collected at summer) Complementary, chemical characterization of the samples was performed using analitycal pyrolisis. Our results showed that the secondary xylem formed at the beginning of the growing season, and the xylem formed by a young cambium, present a overexpression of proteins participating in the intense cell division, characteristical of those tissues, e.g. Biogenesis of cytoskeleton and hemicelluloses, RNA transcription, synthesis, folding and modification of proteins. In the xylem formed at the base of the trunk and at the end of the growing season we have found an over-expression of proteins from cell defense (they role will be to delay programmed cell death) and cell wall formation related proteins e.g. lignin biosynthesis. This study contributes to reinforce our knowledge over the molecular actors involved in the xylogenesis process. It opens, in another hand , research guides for the detection of genes involved in the genetic control of wood properties towards an objecive of marker assisted selection
Denardou-Tisserand, Anaïs. "Changements du stock de bois sur pied des forêts françaises : description, analyse et simulation sur des horizons temporels pluri-décennal (1975 - 2015) et séculaire à partir des données de l'inventaire forestier national et de statistiques anciennes." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0009.
Full textContext. After centuries of decrease, the forest area of most developed countries increase, a phenomenon termed “forest transition”. While current increase in growing stock (GS) is greater than that in area, it remains far less studied. These changes are linked to major current issues. It is essential to assess these changes, to decipher their underlying causes, and to quantify them over the longer term in order to locate current forest resources on a broad trajectory and to anticipate their future dynamics. This thesis is dedicated to French metropolitan forests, which exhibit the most intensive changes in the growing stock in Europe, and relies on data from the French NFI program. Objectives. (1) Analyse forest areal, GS and GS density (GSD) changes and their spatio-temporal variations over 40 years (1975-2015). They were related to factors hypothesized to feature forest changes (geographical contexts, ownership and species composition). We screened for changes in the rate of expansion. The relationships between GS changes and some forest attributes (initial GS and GSD, recent forest area increase) were investigated. (2) Uncover the processes of GS changes and to split the GS expansion magnitude across dynamically-homogeneous forest ensembles. The study was based on GS flux estimation (growth, ingrowth, mortality and harvest). (3) Locate the actual GS expansion in a secular perspective. This analysis consisted in reconstructing the GS chronology since 1850. Levels of GS in 1892, 1908 and 1929 (associated to area of ancient statistics) were estimated using a conditional imputation approach for GSD estimation. Then, a holistic growing stock densification model was implemented to inquire the conditions required on densification patterns and magnitude to simulate the reconstituted GS chronology. Results. (1) Over 40 years, GS increases were three times faster than the areal ones, underlining the intensity of forest densification. No sign of saturation was found. Private forests, and mainly broadleaved ones, presented the greatest GS and GSD increases, suggesting the essential role of natural expansion and agricultural land abandonment. Regression models revealed the positive effect of initial GS and of recent areal increases on GS expansion. (2) The analysis of GS expansion processes evidenced the low level of harvests in comparison to forest growth, and the contribution of recent forests to wood resource development. It led to identify 4 synthetic forest ensembles contributing to the expansion and of distinct dynamics, mainly composed of private forests. (3) GS suggested a very low mean GSD at the beginning of the period (25 m3/ha) and a GS increase by almost +300% between 1892 and 2010, underlying the importance of this expansion. A convex growth model was required to simulate historical forest densification, attesting of a significant inertia in wood resource reconstitution after the forest transition, interpreted based on a gradual decrease in harvest rates for which indices were collected, or to a gradual recovery of site fertility. The analysis also suggested a distinct kinetics for GS densification in plantation forests. Conclusions. These researches reveal the magnitude of GS expansion and the importance of its analysis across forest contexts. This ancient expansion does not present any current sign of saturation and constitute a persistent carbon sink which should not decrease in the next decades assuming similar contextual conditions. According to the process analysis of GS expansion, a significant fraction of the GS increases does not constitute readily available additional wood resources. Thus, future harvest intensification policies must be contextualized and evolving in time
Denardou-Tisserand, Anaïs. "Changements du stock de bois sur pied des forêts françaises : description, analyse et simulation sur des horizons temporels pluri-décennal (1975 - 2015) et séculaire à partir des données de l'inventaire forestier national et de statistiques anciennes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0009.
Full textContext. After centuries of decrease, the forest area of most developed countries increase, a phenomenon termed “forest transition”. While current increase in growing stock (GS) is greater than that in area, it remains far less studied. These changes are linked to major current issues. It is essential to assess these changes, to decipher their underlying causes, and to quantify them over the longer term in order to locate current forest resources on a broad trajectory and to anticipate their future dynamics. This thesis is dedicated to French metropolitan forests, which exhibit the most intensive changes in the growing stock in Europe, and relies on data from the French NFI program. Objectives. (1) Analyse forest areal, GS and GS density (GSD) changes and their spatio-temporal variations over 40 years (1975-2015). They were related to factors hypothesized to feature forest changes (geographical contexts, ownership and species composition). We screened for changes in the rate of expansion. The relationships between GS changes and some forest attributes (initial GS and GSD, recent forest area increase) were investigated. (2) Uncover the processes of GS changes and to split the GS expansion magnitude across dynamically-homogeneous forest ensembles. The study was based on GS flux estimation (growth, ingrowth, mortality and harvest). (3) Locate the actual GS expansion in a secular perspective. This analysis consisted in reconstructing the GS chronology since 1850. Levels of GS in 1892, 1908 and 1929 (associated to area of ancient statistics) were estimated using a conditional imputation approach for GSD estimation. Then, a holistic growing stock densification model was implemented to inquire the conditions required on densification patterns and magnitude to simulate the reconstituted GS chronology. Results. (1) Over 40 years, GS increases were three times faster than the areal ones, underlining the intensity of forest densification. No sign of saturation was found. Private forests, and mainly broadleaved ones, presented the greatest GS and GSD increases, suggesting the essential role of natural expansion and agricultural land abandonment. Regression models revealed the positive effect of initial GS and of recent areal increases on GS expansion. (2) The analysis of GS expansion processes evidenced the low level of harvests in comparison to forest growth, and the contribution of recent forests to wood resource development. It led to identify 4 synthetic forest ensembles contributing to the expansion and of distinct dynamics, mainly composed of private forests. (3) GS suggested a very low mean GSD at the beginning of the period (25 m3/ha) and a GS increase by almost +300% between 1892 and 2010, underlying the importance of this expansion. A convex growth model was required to simulate historical forest densification, attesting of a significant inertia in wood resource reconstitution after the forest transition, interpreted based on a gradual decrease in harvest rates for which indices were collected, or to a gradual recovery of site fertility. The analysis also suggested a distinct kinetics for GS densification in plantation forests. Conclusions. These researches reveal the magnitude of GS expansion and the importance of its analysis across forest contexts. This ancient expansion does not present any current sign of saturation and constitute a persistent carbon sink which should not decrease in the next decades assuming similar contextual conditions. According to the process analysis of GS expansion, a significant fraction of the GS increases does not constitute readily available additional wood resources. Thus, future harvest intensification policies must be contextualized and evolving in time
Blayo, Anne, and Alessandro Gandini. "Étude des propriétés rhéologiques d'encres d'imprimerie." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0042.
Full textFrenette, Caroline. "Analyse multicritère de compositions de mur à ossature légère en bois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26642/26642.pdf.
Full textPecino, Rodriguez Jose Ignacio. "Portfolio of original compositions : dynamic audio composition via space and motion in virtual and augmented environments." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/portfolio-of-original-compositions-dynamic-audio-composition-via-space-and-motion-in-virtual-and-augmented-environments(637e9f5b-7d42-4214-92c4-70bac912cec2).html.
Full textZaremski, Clara. "Pour une production contrôlée d’agarwood d’Aquilaria crassna Pierre ex Lecomte en Guyane : Approches métagénomique, biochimique et histologique A review of the conditions of worldwide agarwood production and development prospects in French Guiana Caractérisation des communautés fongiques associées à Aquilaria Crassna Pierre ex Lecomte en plantation en Guyane française Composition chimique de l'agarwood d'aquilaria Crassna Pierre Ex. Lecomte des plantations de Guyane, en fonction du mode d'induction Détection rapide de l'agarwood et évaluation de sa composition chimique par spectrométrie proche infrarouge (SPIR) Etude histologique des cals d'aquilaria crassna colonisés par les champignons lignivores pycnoporus sanguineus gloeophyllum trabeum et antrodia vaillantii." Thesis, Guyane, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020YANE0002.
Full textTrees of the genus Aquilaria Lam. (Thymelaeaceae) in response to mechanical stress produce, in interaction with microorganisms, a wood transformed by its high content of secondary compounds: agarwood (AW). It is appreciated in perfumery for its woody fragrance. Faced with strong global demand, farmers have carried out experimental plantations of Aquilaria in French Guiana (Aquil@Guyane project) in order to produce an essential oil with a controlled chemical composition, respectful of the biology of the tree and the environment. In this context, we have produced academic knowledge to contribute to the development of AW production of Aquilaria crassna in French Guiana. After characterization of the fungal communities present in A. crassna trees in French Guiana, revealing the role of Basidiomycetes in the production of AW, two methods of induction of AW were compared: 1- lifting of bark and application of the soil of the plantation on the wound; 2- inoculation of Guyanese strains of Basidiomycetes. The latter is the most effective for obtaining a quality AW close to a reference AW. Near Infrared Spectrometry (NIRS) has been used to differentiate healthy wood from AW and different chemical compositions of AW. The results obtained are consistent with those of the biochemical analysis after hydrodistillation: using NIRS to sort and control the quality of AW is possible. An Aquilaria callus culture method has been developed to understand the molecular mechanisms of AW production. The results indicate the production of terpenes by Aquilaria callus inoculated with fungal strains
Cote, Jean-Charles. ""Rossignolet des bois", "Piece concertante", et "Rives" (oeuvres musicales) (French text, Original compositions)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ48916.pdf.
Full textLowys, Marie-Pierre. "Comportement physico-chimique de suspensions de fibres cellulosiques : rôle des additifs." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10195.
Full textTaher, Cecilia. "Elasticity in three compositions with flute by Boris Blacher." Diss., University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/320.
Full textTozuka, Tomoko. "Comparison of hydrostatic weighing and plethysmography techniques for the development of skinfold prediction equations for children." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=173.
Full textEnrico, Maxime. "Atmospheric mercury deposition and mercury stable isotope compositions in peat bogs." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INPT0103/document.
Full textDuring the past few decades, peatlands were successfully used to investigate historical mercury (Hg) deposition. The chronology of Hg accumulation rates (HgARs) to peatlands is well constrained, with recent increases in HgAR associated with anthropogenic Hg emissions and deposition. The use of Hg stable isotopes in peatland ecosystems provides new opportunities to better characterize and understand historical Hg deposition. In an extensive study conducted at the Pinet peat bog (French Pyrenees) we identify gaseous elemental Hg (GEM) dry deposition, via foliar uptake, as the dominant Hg transfer pathway from the atmosphere to peat vegetation. Based on the Hg isotope analysis of multiple northern hemispheric peat records, we find that GEM dry deposition dominates Hg deposition globally. We suggest that peatlands can be used as archives of both past Hg wet deposition, Hg dry deposition and GEM concentration. We present the first quantitative reconstruction of historical atmospheric GEM concentrations using peat archives from the Pyrenees. The Human impact on Hg cycling caused a gradual increase in GEM concentrations from 0.2 (10,000 – 4000 BP) to 3.5 ng m-3 (20th Century) and was accompanied by a change in atmospheric Hg isotope signatures. This first comprehensive study on Hg isotope deposition to peatlands is promising and should be extended to pre-anthropogenic times to investigate natural variations in atmospheric Hg dynamics during the Holocene
Benscoter, Brian William. "Post-fire compositional and functional recovery of western Canadian bogs /." Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456284501&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textGarcia-Jaldon, Catherine. "Caractérisation morphologique et chimique du chanvre (Cannabis sativa) : prétraitement à la vapeur et valorisation." Grenoble 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10140.
Full textKsionzek, Kerstin [Verfasser], Boris [Akademischer Betreuer] Koch, Boris [Gutachter] Koch, and Kai-Uwe [Gutachter] Hinrichs. "Biogeochemistry of marine dissolved organic Sulfur : quantification, distribution, molecular composition, and reactivity / Kerstin Ksionzek ; Gutachter: Boris Koch, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs ; Betreuer: Boris Koch." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200094654/34.
Full textO'Regan, Jade Simone. "When I Grow Up: The Development of the Beach Boys’ Sound (1962-1966)." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367243.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Queensland Conservatorium
Arts, Education and Law
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Moscowitz, David. "Nice Jewish boys : trope, identity, and politics in the rhetorical representation of contemporary tough Jews /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3162253.
Full textSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-01, Section: A, page: 0031. Adviser: Robert L. Ivie. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 12, 2006).
Boms, Jana [Verfasser]. "The effects of maternal childhood maltreatment on the cell composition in blood counts of maternal and umbilical cord blood / Jana Boms." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205807535/34.
Full textDyck, Barbara S. "The species composition, aboveground biomass and carbon content of vegetation in two basin bogs in the Experimental Lakes area, north-western Ontario." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32097.pdf.
Full textDu, Preez Susanna Maria. "The effect of physical activity on the body composition and health related fitness of 9 to 13 year old boys / Susanna Maria du Preez." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2150.
Full textBell, W. "Body size, shape, body composition, and aerobic power during growth and development : A longitudinal study of physically active boys 12 to 16 years of age." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382583.
Full textSchlegel, Melissa Eileen. "Evaluation of Paleo-climate for the Boise Area, Idaho, from the last Glacial Maximum to the Present Based on delta 2H and delta 18O Groundwater Composition." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/317.
Full textTarbet, Melissa Eileen Schlegel. "Evaluation of paleo-climate for the Boise area, Idaho, from the last glacial maximum to the present based on delta 2H and delta 18O groundwater composition /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd829.pdf.
Full textAlkhatib, Racha. "Etude phytochimique et activité cytotoxique des métabolites secondaires de Ferula elaeochytris Korovin et Ferula lycia Boiss (Apiacées)." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00520891.
Full textHäggi, Christoph [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Schulz, and Boris [Gutachter] Jansen. "Using Lipid Biomarkers and their Isotopic Composition to reconstruct the Late Pleistocene Paleoclimate of the Amazon Basin / Christoph Häggi ; Gutachter: Michael Schulz, Boris Jansen ; Betreuer: Michael Schulz." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1129843653/34.
Full textGan, Shuchai [Verfasser], Kai-Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe [Gutachter] Hinrichs, and Boris P. [Gutachter] Koch. "The impact of biogeochemical processes on the composition of dissolved organic matter in marine subsurface sediments / Shuchai Gan ; Gutachter: Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Boris P. Koch ; Betreuer: Kai-Uwe Hinrichs." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/115492601X/34.
Full textCiotti, Leandro Lazzari. "Isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio aplicados ao estudo da ecologia trófia do peixe-boi marinho (Trichechus manatus) no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2012. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/4044.
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Na costa brasileira, o peixe-boi marinho, Trichechus manatus, apresenta distribuição fragmentada e restrita a algumas regiões com características ecológicas distintas. É considerado um herbívoro generalista e oportunista, que consome uma ampla variedade de vegetação de rios, mares e estuários, porém, existem poucas informações sobre a ecologia da espécie no país. O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de estudar a ecologia trófica de T. manatus no Brasil por meio de análise de isótopos estáveis. Amostras de dentes (n=22) e ossos (n=21) de peixes-bois encalhados e amostras de vegetação foram coletadas na região nordeste do país para a análise de isótopos estáveis de carbono (δ13C) e nitrogênio (δ15N). Os animais foram agrupados em cinco regiões: Alagoas, Ceará, Maranhão, Paraíba (que também inclui animais do Rio Grande do Norte e Pernambuco) e Piauí. As plantas, obtidas destas mesmas regiões, foram categorizadas em quatro grupos: fanerógamas marinhas, macroalgas, mangues e de marismas. O modelo de mistura bayesiano para isótopos estáveis SIAR (Stable Isotopes Analysis in R) foi utilizado para estimar as proporções das fontes nas dietas dos grupos de peixesbois. Não foram verificadas diferenças nos valores de δ13C e δ15N entre dentes e ossos, classes de idade ou sexos. Foram verificadas, entretanto, diferenças nas composições isotópicas dos peixes-bois entre as regiões, principalmente com relação ao carbono: os peixes-bois do Ceará (-7,0 ±0,5‰) apresentaram as composições mais enriquecidas em 13C, enquanto os valores mais empobrecidos foram encontrados nos animais do Maranhão (-15,7 ±1,6‰). Valores intermediários foram observados nos indivíduos de Alagoas (-9,3 ±0,4‰), Piauí (-9,3 ±0,6‰) e Paraíba (-11,4 ±2,8‰). Com relação aos isótopos de nitrogênio, os animais da Paraíba (8,8 ±1,2‰) apresentaram composições mais enriquecidas em 15N do que os indivíduos das outras regiões. O modelo de mistura também mostrou diferenças espaciais na ecologia trófica dos peixes-bois. Os animais do Ceará consumiram predominantemente fanerógamas (97,3%), enquanto as fanerógamas (69,4%) e as macroalgas (64,4%) foram mais importantes para os indivíduos de Alagoas e Paraíba, respectivamente. Apesar dos manguezais predominarem no Maranhão, a vegetação de marisma foi a que apresentou a maior contribuição (68,7%) na dieta dos peixes-bois do região. Diferentemente das demais regiões, os indivíduos do Piauí apresentaram uma dieta mais diversificada, na qual os quatro grupos de macrófitas contribuíram em proporções similares (fanerógamas: 28,5%; marismas: 27,1%; macroalgas: 24,0%; mangues: 20,4%). Os resultados demonstram diferenças espaciais nas estratégias alimentares, bem como a importância dos diferentes grupos de macrófitas na dieta dos peixes-bois. O presente estudo é o primeiro a aplicar a análise de isótopos estáveis em peixes-bois marinhos na América do Sul, amplia o conhecimento sobre a ecologia trófica da espécie no país e fornece informações importantes para o estabelecimento de estratégias para a conservação de T. manatus e seu habitat no Brasil.
On the Brazilian coast, the manatee Trichechus manatus has a fragmented distribution, restricted to a few regions with different ecological characteristics. It is considered a generalist and opportunistic herbivore, consuming a wide range of vegetation from rivers, seas and estuaries, however, information about the ecology of the species in the country is scarce. The aim of this study was to study the trophic ecology of T. manatus in Brazil through stable isotopes. Samples of teeth (n=22) and bones (n=21) of stranded manatees and plants were collected in the northeastern region of the country for the analysis of stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). The animals were grouped in five regions: Alagoas, Ceara, Maranhão, Paraíba (that includes individuals from Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Norte) and Piauí. The plants, obtained from these same areas, were categorized in four main groups: macroalgae, mangroves, seagrasses and saltmarsh plants. The bayesian mixture model for stable isotopes SIAR (Stable Isotopes Analysis in R) was used to estimate the proportions of the sources in the diets of the groups of manatees. There were no differences in the values of δ13C and δ15N among teeth and bones, age classes or between sexes. There were, however, regional differences in isotopic compositions of manatees, especially for δ13C. Carbon stable isotope compositions ranged from depleted in 13C in Maranhão (- 15,7±1.6‰), to more enriched in Ceará (-7.0±0.5‰), whereas Alagoas (-9.3±0.4‰), Piauí (-9.3±0.6‰) and Paraíba (-11.4±2.8‰) presented intermediate values. Manatees from Paraíba had higher 15N values (8.8±1.2‰) than those from other regions. The mixture model also indicated regional variation on the manatees diet. Animals from Ceará feed almost exclusively on seagrasses (97.3%), while manatees from Alagoas and Paraíba graze mainly upon seagrasses (69.4%) and macroalgae (64.4%), respectively. Individuals from Maranhão were feeding mainly on saltmarsh plants (68.7%), despite mangrove dominate the area. Individuals from Piauí, on the other hand, had a more diversified diet, where seagrasses (28.5%), saltmarsh plants (27.1%), macroalgae (24.0%) and mangroves (20.4%) were assimilated in similar proportions. This study i the first to use stable isotopes do investigate the feeding ecology of manatees in South America. The spatial variation in the manatee’s diet demonstrates that proper conservation strategies for the species should include the maintenance of different macrophyte habitats along the northeastern Brazil.