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Academic literature on the topic 'Composites – Environnement'
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Journal articles on the topic "Composites – Environnement"
Dubois, Françoise. "La durabilité des matériaux composites en environnement marin." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 13, no. 2 (August 23, 2003): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rcma.13.123-133.
Full textRouquie, Sandrine, Denis Bertheau, and Marie-Christine Lafarie-Frenot. "Fissuration par fatigue de stratifiés composites sous environnement neutre ou oxydant." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 14, no. 2 (August 23, 2004): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rcma.14.187-201.
Full textLeggo, Carl D., and Rita L. Irwin. "Ways of Attending: Art and Poetry / Modes de participation : art et poésie." Canadian Review of Art Education / Revue canadienne d’éducation artistique 45, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 50–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/crae.v45i1.48.
Full textGigliotti, Marco. "Vieillissement, durabilité et dégradation de matériaux composites soumis à des environnements agressifs." Revue des composites et des matériaux avancés 22, no. 3 (December 31, 2012): 299–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rcma.22.299-313.
Full textSellier, Dominique. "Le felsenmeer du mont Gausta (Telemark, Norvège) : environnement, caractères morphologiques et significations paléogéographiques." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 49, no. 2 (November 30, 2007): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/033036ar.
Full textCherkaoui, Adil, and Youssef Bouazizi. "The effects of technological innovation on the CSR practices of Moroccan firms: An empirical study using the ESG approach." Maghreb - Machrek N° Hors-série, no. 1 (August 28, 2023): 93–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr.hs1.0093.
Full textSansoucy, André. "LA THÉORIE COMPOSITE DE LA RÉSILIENCE : IMPLICATIONS POUR LA RECHERCHE ET LA PRATIQUE." Canadian Social Work Review 39, no. 1 (August 23, 2022): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1091518ar.
Full textEl Fallahi, Fadwa, Abdelmajid Ibenrissoul, and Youssef Bouazizi. "The effect of a company’s innovation and its leader’s personal characteristics on corporate environmental sustainability within the Moroccan context." Revue Management & Innovation N° 9, no. 3 (March 26, 2024): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rmi.209.0061.
Full textRasoatahinjanahary, Harivola, Fanilo Joseph RANDRIAMAMONJY, Roger RANDRIANJA, and Michel Dieudonné RANARIVELO. "Fabrication De Pavés Perméables A L’Eau A Base Des Déchets De PET." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 40, no. 1 (August 27, 2023): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v40.1.5142.
Full textFisher, Clément, Arnaud Recoquillay, Olivier Mesnil, and Oscar d'Almeida. "Détection de défauts par ondes guidées robuste et auto-référencée : application aux pièces en composite tissé de forme complexe." e-journal of nondestructive testing 28, no. 9 (September 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/28509.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Composites – Environnement"
Didierjean, Sébastien. "Étude du comportement des matériaux composites carbone-époxy en environnement hygrothermique." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30266.
Full textThe carbon/epoxy aeronautical structures are subjected to outside environments combining both temperature and humidity therefore these materials are subject to water molecules sorption by the epoxy resin. First, a model of the water propagation was implemented. It takes account of the effect of the hydrolysis taking place between the water molecules and the epoxide groups that have not been cured. This mechanism is coupled with a Fickean diffusion. The second part deals with the effects of the local water molecules presence on the elastic modulus of an elementary composite ply. The local level of water concentration is responsible for the plasticization of the polymer matrix represented by the decrease of its Simple Softening Temperature. The use of a Micro-Mechanical model of homogenization allowed to directly assess the evolutions of the elastic properties of an elementary ply. The third part is about the study of the cyclic hygrothermal environments and shows how the effects of that type of loads are different compared to their equivalent monotonous solicitations. Special attention is given to the effect on damage behaviour of the material
Lamouroux, Franck. "Étude du comportement en environnement oxydant des matériaux composites 2D C/SIC." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10668.
Full textGAUTIER, LUDMILA. "Endommagement osmotique de composites fibres de verre-matrices polyester insature en environnement humide." Paris, ENSAM, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENAM0026.
Full textDurin, Christian. "Contribution à l'étude du vieillissement de matériaux composites carbone/epoxyde sous ambiance spatiale." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ESAE0008.
Full textZombré, Wendlamita. "Durabilité des matériaux composites dans un environnement Génie Civil : expérimentation multi-échelle et analyse statistique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1106/document.
Full textOur thesis is part of this MICRO project "Innovative Composite Materials for the Repair of Structures: Reliability approach of the dimensioning for their requalification and the prediction of their durability". Final objective of the thesis is to understand the problem of sustainability through a multi-scale phenomenological experimental approach and to propose probabilistic life-time models. So, we defined the methodology of our study, as well as the methods, materials and analysis techniques. The study material is a non-equilibrium (70% / 30%) unbalanced bidirectional carbon / epoxy that is crosslinked at room temperature and made by hand layup process. Six hygrothermal aging obtained by crossing between temperatures (20°C, 40°C and 60°C) and humidities (50%, 75% and immersion) at various times were carried out during the study. After identifying the various indicators, we carried out physicochemical analyzes (absorption-desorption, DSC, TMA, Infrared, DMA and Tomography) as well as a follow-up of the mechanical characteristics (tensile, interlaminar shear, pull-out and double shear). These indicators were analyzed statistically to more rigorously validate the trends that were observed. The monitoring of mechanical performance indicators by accelerated aging was carried out and then compared to 1 year of natural aging. The antagonism of the various mechanisms of damage has been demonstrated in the case of simple traction and interlaminar shear. It appears that plasticization is the mechanism that most affects the performance of carbon / epoxy composites. For high temperatures, it appears that post-cure by densifying the network has improved interfacial cohesion, which has inhibited the impact of thermal degradation on mechanical performance. Comparing with natural aging, it was noted that aging in an aqueous condition was more generally degrading and aqueous conditions accelerated well the degradation in a natural environment. In particular, the trends observed do not follow evolutions that permit to write simplified prediction models. The quality of the composite / concrete adhesion was evaluated by pull-out tests. The strong disparities between the results make the analysis delicate. But it has been shown that the post-cure seems to improve the cohesion whereas the plasticization is very harmful for the stability of the bonded joints accelerating excessively the degradation in comparison to the natural aging. This instability has also been proven by the double shear tests where the delamination was observed from the first maturities of aging. The anchor length is reduced and a time-sensitive model has been proposed for the selected aging condition (60°C-immersion). On the other hand, this plasticization softens the failure due to the increased deformability of the joint. In this environmental condition, the monitoring of the elastic limit stress seems to be a relevant indicator for the monitoring of the durability because it simulates the natural aging with reasonable differences. The last part of our work consisted in the proposal of a statistical treatment of the data in order to validate firstly the trends observed experimentally, to bring more information and to discuss on the choice of the models of prediction. Although, physical model is very appreciated by the community, it is not systematically applicable. Indeed, it assumes degenerative performance, which in practice is not the case. A physical approach has been proposed on the refined database in order to respect the writing conditions of the model (degenerative trends). The model chosen to predict the ultimate tensile strength is conservative but applicable for reliability studies. Bayesian enrichment can be used to demonstrate the advantage it can confer in reliability studies
Issoupov, Vitali. "Proposition d'une procédure pour la simulation de l'effet d'un environnement spatial d'orbite basse sur des matériaux composites." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30074.
Full textGuerfala, Wassim. "Élaboration de bio-composite hybride à matrice thermoplastique : formulation optimale et modélisation du comportement statique en vue d'une application pour pièces de structure dans l'automobile." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0022.
Full textThe environmental impact is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry, pushing OEMs to reduce CO2 emissions through clean engines and structural weight reduction. Composite materials, combining lightness and mechanical strength, offer a good alternative to standard steels with a considerable weight reduction. This study mainly aims to apply bio-composite materials in the automotive structure.To meet the various mechanical, thermal and economic requirements, the first objective of this study is to develop ahybrid composite material based on two natural fibers with complementary characteristics to optimize its performance while guaranteeing the homogeneity of its mechanical behavior. The second objective is the development of a numeric tool that would allow rapid pre-design of structural parts reinforced with this hybrid composite material. Indeed, the obligations of the automotive industry are quickly and continuously changing; it is necessary to provide quick and cost-effective responses (compared to the long and expensive experimental campaigns especially when there is sensitivity to the environmental conditions to consider)
Shi, Yang. "Economie circulaire pour les composites à fibres de carbone : du déchet aéronautique vers les composites carbone+ thermoplastiques recyclés." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022BORD0153.
Full textSince their industrialization, the production of carbon fiber composites is continuously increasing. When recycling carbon fiber composites, only the fibers are recycled. The matrix is "removed" by pyrolysis, solvolysis or vapour-thermolysis, processes that cause little degradation of the fibres. In order to create a demand for recycled carbon fibers, it is necessary to add value to recycled fibers by demonstrating the feasibility of manufacturing high quality composite parts (recycled fiber + matrix).Semi-long recycled fiber architectures with very good alignment were produced by the laboratory's patented realignment technology that ensures optimal exploitation of recycled carbon fiber properties. In order to control and optimize the properties of the new composite (staple fiber), the mechanisms of load transfer between fibers were studied, and the useful properties of the matrix were identified. Particular attention has been paid to the calculation of the load transfer length between two staple fibers as a function of the properties of the recycled fiber/thermoplastic matrix interface. Indeed, our objective is not only to find optimal solutions in terms of strength but also solutions that allow to limit the environmental impact, hence our choice of thermoplastic matrices (including recycled) for this study.All the results of the numerical simulations were validated by comparison with experimental results. In addition, recycled carbon fiber/thermoplastic matrix composites (PA6 and PC) were implemented and tested. These materials have fiber contents higher than 50% and offer better mechanical properties than the same materials with epoxy matrix.An environmental analysis was performed on the example of a portable wind turbine blade by comparing the impacts of the raw material, manufacturing and end of life of a part made with different materials (light alloy, glass fiber composite, recycled fiber composites). This demonstrates the interest of recycled carbon fibers associated with a recycled thermoplastic matrix, to minimize the environmental impact while maximizing mechanical performance
Bailly, Laurence. "Etude du comportement de deux grades cyanates esters pour des applications structurales en matériaux composites en environnement tiède." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0064.
Full textComposite materials made of cyanate ester resins and in particular phenolic triazine resins such as PT15 and PT30 are selected to replace structural metal parts in aircraft at operating temperatures between 200 and 300°C. The main advantages of these resins are their high glass transition temperature, above 300°C, and their low viscosity at 80°C make them suitable for Resin Transfert Molding (RTM) process. The main goals of this work are to understand the resins’ behavior during crosslinking and then to study their durability through thermo-oxidative aging at operating temperatures. Physico-chemical characterizations of PT15 and PT30 resins at their initial state showed a similar chemical composition and spatial configuration but a different molar mass distribution. Triazine rings have only been detected in PT30 only, indicating a “pre-cured” state. These differences have consequences on the crosslinking kinetics and promote an autocatalytic mechanism for PT30. After cure optimization, PT15 has a glass transition temperature 70°C lower than the one of PT30. Among different analysis techniques, the rheological study during crosslinking provided an understanding of the networks’ structuration dissimilarities between the two grades, highlighting the formation of an intermediate structure which relaxes at lower temperatures in PT15. This different networks’ organization is the key element to understand dissimilar thermal stabilities analyzed during thermo-oxidative aging
Nasiri, Aida. "Development of Safe-by-Design Nano-composites for Food Packaging Application." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT076.
Full textThe market of nanotechnologies is dominated by the food packaging area which amounts more than 20% of the total nanotechnologies market in 2015. However, the wide-scale use of nanomaterials raises important questions about environmental and safety issues that could hinder their development. In the case of plastics intended to be in contact with food, the risk of contamination concerns not only the nanoparticles but also all the chemical additives added during the material processing. The presence of nanoparticles is susceptible to modify the interactions between polymer and the additives with a possible change in their transport properties and therefore the food contamination.The present work aims at identifying the relationship between the structural characteristic and the transport properties (diffusivity and solubility) of nanoparticles and chemical additives incorporated in nanocomposites. In this regard, it is necessary to fill the gap of knowledge in 3D nanostructure characterization and a multi-scale modeling of mass transfer properties of nanocomposites in real usage conditions.In this way, polyethylene and nanoclay were selected based on the best compromise between real potential applications and the scientific knowledge previously published and eventually the nanocomposites were synthesized with LLDPE, Cloisite20 and a compatibilizer by melt intercalation method.The nanocomposite structure was characterized using TEM, X-ray nanotomography, TGA and XRD then submitted to migration tests undertaken in contact with different food simulants which represent various types of food (aqueous, acid, alcoholic) following the recommendation of the European regulation on the food contact material. To evaluate the positive or adverse effects of the nanomaterials on the contamination of the food by chemical additives which are usually incorporated with the plastic packaging, the virgin polymer and nanocomposite material were spiked with a mixture of the additives exhibiting various volatility, polarity and molecular weight. Then, the transport properties (i.e inertia) of nanocomposite structure was distinctively investigated on kinetic (apparent diffusion coefficient) and thermodynamic (partition coefficient) considerations.The results indicated that nanoclay addition in plastic materials favorably reduced the migration of additives by modifying both their diffusivity in the polymer and their partition between the polymer and the food simulant. However, while the partition coefficient of additives increases in nanocomposite in comparison to pure LLDPE for the samples in contact with all types of food simulants, the reduction of diffusion coefficient is significantly dependent on the nature of the food simulant in contact. Hence, it can be concluded that the major role in the migration of additives is not played by the imposed tortuosity path, but by the factors such as the affinity between the base polymer and simulants as well as the effects of simulants on swelling and crystallinity of the samples. Moreover, the effect of additive-related parameters and the structural parameters were assessed and put in perspective with their impact on the transport properties of nanostructures. Integrating the results of characterization and transfer properties led to an improved understanding of the influence of structure of nanocomposites on their mass transfer properties and therefore on the suitability of using them as food contact materials