Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Composites à Matrice Organique (CMO)'
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Castres, Magali. "Modélisation dynamique avancée des composites à matrice organique (CMO) pour l’étude de la vulnérabilité des structures aéronautiques." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECLI0006/document.
Full textNowadays, organic matrix composite materials are widely used in the transportation industry, and particularly in the aeronautical industry. To provide an optimal dimensioning of the structures, it is necessary to study the mechanical behavior of OMC on a large range of strain rates and temperatures. The aim of this PhD thesis is to propose a behavior and a rupture model to predict the mechanical response of OMC for a large range of strain rates and temperatures. The research was initially focused on the characterization of the transition between the linear and nonlinear behavior of the material T700GC/M21, a carbon / epoxy unidirectional laminate as well as the strain rate and temperature dependencies of this transition. The work was then focused on the experimental study of the nonlinear damaged behavior of the T700GC/M21. Finally, completing these first two steps, an updated version of the behavior model available at ONERA (OPFM) was proposed which includes the transition between linear and nonlinear behavior and the influence of strain rate and temperature on the mechanical response of the material
Berthe, Julien. "Comportement thermo-visco-élastique des composites CMO - De la statique à la dynamique grande vitesse." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934876.
Full textTuloup, Corentin. "Process and structural health monitoring of Polymer-Matrix Composites (PMC) using embedded piezoelectric transducers." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. https://bibliotheque.utc.fr/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/2020COMP2593.
Full textThis innovative work studies the interest of integrating piezoelectric transducers (ceramic and/or polymer-based) within Polymer- Matrix Composite materials (PMC) to perform real-time and in-situ monitoring of their manufacturing process (Process Monitoring PM) as well as their lifespan (Structural Health Monitoring SHM). To do this, the piezoelectric transducers were integrated into the heart of the fibrous stacks using an innovative methodology developed within the "Materials and Surfaces" research team at the Roberval laboratory. The Liquid Resin Infusion (LRI) manufacturing system used (PM campaign), as well as the resulting samples tested mechanically (SHM campaign), were multi-instrumented using several Non-Destructive Testing devices (NDT: Acoustic Emission (AE), Infrared Thermography (IRT), Digital Image Correlation (DIC), etc.) in order to establish multi-physical couplings between the signals of external NDT techniques and the internal signature (electrical capacitance) coming from the transducers integrated into the heart of the material. In PM, the piezoceramic (PZT) transducers were found to be sensitive to the various key steps of the LRI process (flow front passing, impregnation, end of injection, chemo-physical transitions during curing and associated consolidation rates) achieved at different hardener rates, and able to detect manufacturing defects. These results showed great potential, worthy of future use on an industrial scale. In SHM, after verification of the non-intrusiveness of the ceramic and polymer-based transducers integrated into the heart of the mechanical test specimens, the polymer transducers allowed a real-time evaluation of the triaxial strain state and the rigidity loss experienced by the host PMC during its mechanical loading. However, despite a Non-Working Threshold (NWT) linked to the brittleness of their constitutive material, the piezoceramic transducers have shown a high sensitivity to the detection and monitoring of damage in real-time when they are positioned intelligently with respect to the mechanical stress. These thesis works ended with a first attempt aimed at transposing the knowledge acquired on PM and SHM of in-situ piezoelectric transducers from a 2D “laboratory” scale to a 3D structural one closer to industrial realities. The multi-instrumented manufacturing of an “Omega” stiffener PMC structure integrating 14 piezoelectric transducers (PZT and P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer) and reinforced through-the-thickness by a carbon tuft thread allowed confirming the previously evidenced PM abilities of the PZT, and showed a difference between how the electrical capacitance signals of PZT and copolymers react to the whole manufacturing process
Decla, François. "Métallisation de composites à matrice organique (carbone/epoxy) par projection plasma." ENSMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0777.
Full textHindermann-Bischoff, Manuela. "Etude des propriétés électriques de composites matrice organique - noir de carbone." Mulhouse, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MULH0560.
Full textKIRMANN, JEROME. "Metallisation de materiaux composites a matrice organique par interposition d'une interphase." Besançon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BESA2036.
Full textHu, Bing. "Comportement hygrothermique des composites à matrice organique : mesures et analyse statistique." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS065.
Full textGUEGAN, PIERRICK. "Contribution a la qualification de l'usinage de materiaux composites a matrice organique." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT2025.
Full textChouchaoui, Cherif-Saâdane. "Modélisation du comportement des matériaux composites à renforts tissés et à matrice organique." Compiègne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995COMP854S.
Full textMEZIERE, YANN. "Tolerance au dommage - etude du delaminage dans les materiaux composites a matrice organique." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30001.
Full textRouquié, Sandrine. "Vieillissement de structures composites à matrice organique soumises à des chargements thermomécaniques répétés." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2292.
Full textThe aim of this study, which is a part of the " supersonic aircraft research program" is a better understanding of damage mechanisms in composite materials submitted to cyclic variation of temperature. Thermal cycling tests performed in neutral environments (vacuum and nitrogen) and oxidative environments (air and oxygen) on various lay up of the same carbon/epoxy material revealed a significant effect of the oxygen rate on damage kinetics. Indeed the results show that a coupling between oxidation and the cyclic stresses coming from thermal variation induces a significant acceleration of matrix cracking. The use of a model of oxydation as well as the calculation of the thermal stresses made it possible to propose an experimental protocol allowing to dissociate and/or accelerate the complex phenomena involved
Zidi, Mondher. "Etude de l'interface fibre/matrice par essai de microindentation cas des composites à fibre de verre et matrice organique." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECDL0024.
Full textSchieffer, Anne. "Analyse multiéchelle du comportement mécanique des composites à matrice organique et effets du vieillissement thermique /." Châtillon : ONERA, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39066725k.
Full textRakotoarisoa, C. "Prévision de la durée de vie en fatigue des composites à matrice organique tisses interlock." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01073017.
Full textRemy-Petipas, Christel. "Analyse et prévision du comportement à long terme des composites fibres de carbone : matrice organique." Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA2054.
Full textTrousset, Emilie. "Prévision des dommages d'impact basse vitesse et basse énergie dans les composites à matrice organique stratifiés." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00942339.
Full textFosso, Philippe. "Etude in-situ de l'endommagement des matériaux composites à matrice organique par tomographie à rayons X." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ECAP0250.
Full textPailler, Christophe. "Étude de la dissymétrie apportée par l'environnement spatial sur un composite multicouche à matrice organique." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ESAE0011.
Full textEffendi, R.-Riesdam. "Analyse des mécanismes de dégradation en compression des composites unidirectionnels fibres de carbone-matrice organique et modélisation associée." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ESAE0007.
Full textKrawczak, Patricia. "Etude de la contribution de l'interface à la cohésion de composites à matrice organique et fibres de verre." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10137.
Full textOn a montré enfin de quelle manière la participation de l'interface, définie au moyen d'essais simples sur éprouvettes plates unidirectionnelles, pouvait contribuer à expliciter les mécanismes d'endommagement et le comportement de pièces industrielles (tubes bobines) dans le cas de sollicitations biaxiales faisant intervenir différentes lois de chargement à court terme ou long terme. L'ensemble a permis en outre de recommander en matière de techniques de caractérisation de l'interface par paramètres mécaniques et physiques : (1) la mécanique de la rupture en mode i, qui permet notamment de séparer les mécanismes d'amorcage et de propagation de fissures sur lesquelles la qualité de l'interface a une influence spécifique ; (2) la traction avec analyse des spectres acoustiques qui permet d'accéder aux premiers endommagements, et qui constitue en outre la seule méthode applicable à des renforts tissés ; (3) le couplage de ces essais avec un vieillissement hydrothermique, de manière à accroître les écarts et juger de l'efficacité de l'ensimage
Busnel, Frédéric. "Contribution à l'étude de matériaux composites à matrice organique renforcés par des fibres de lin : influence des traitements chimiques sur la liaison interfaciale fibre-matrice." Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIS063.
Full textNatrual cellulosic fibers, renewable resources, prouve to be very interesting to reinforce polymers. The performances of these composite materials depend on the quality of the fibre/matrix bonding. This research present the carried out on flax fibres and on flax fibre/polyester resin composites. For an optimum use, flax fibre are treated to separate the fibre bundles, clean their surface and improve the compatibility with polymer matrix (wetting, adhesion). The chemical treatments (formic acid, NaOH, NaOH+acetic anhydride) are used. The influence of these treatments is studied as following :surface properties of fibres (wetting, IGC, infrared microscopy, AFM)fibre/matrix adhesion (debonding of a microdrop)mechanical properties of laminates reinforced by unidirectional fibres under tensile loading for different fibre orientationResults show that chemical treatments (formic acid, NaOH, NaOH+acetic anhydride) lead to an increase of the interfacial shear strength between the fibre and the matrix. Macroscopic properties of laminates vary in a similar way. The analysis of the surface properties show that the chemical treatments strongly influence the chemical composition, roughness, and surface tension of the fibres
Olivier, Loïc Lafarie-Frenot Marie-Christine Grandidier Jean-Claude. "Prévision du vieillissement thermo-oxydant de composites à matrice organique dédiés à l'aéronautique prise en compte des couplages multiphysiques /." Poitiers : I-Médias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=532.
Full textOlivier, Loïc. "Prévision du vieillissement thermo-oxydant de composites à matrice organique dédiés à l'aéronautique : prise en compte des couplages multiphysiques." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Olivier-Loic/2008-Olivier-Loic-These.pdf.
Full textThe aim of the study is to understand and forecast damage onset conditions in aeronautic C/Epoxy composite materials, under thermo-oxidizing environment. An original testing device is presented, built for loading mechanically composite samples under temperature and gas pressure simultaneously, and studying couplings between deformation and thermooxidation mechanisms. On another hand, a multi physic modeling is performed, minimizing the resort to phenomenological parameters: this theoretical approach is taking into account all phenomena, and provides an expression of the coupling expressions. The model is then implemented in a finite element code, to simulate in a realistic way the composites evolution during a thermo-oxidizing cycle. A quantitative comparison is done between experimentally measured and numerically pre dicted matrix shrinkage values. A good agreement is observed in all onfigurations, as far as damage onset has not occurred. In the latter case, this onset can be detected and the scenario of damage initiation can be foreseen. In the end, the perspective of a multi scale approach is investigated, in order to extend the models application capability to the service life of large structural laminate components
Bouette, Bruno. "Propriétés en cisaillement interlaminaire de composites à fibres de carbone et matrice organique : Influence de la vitesse de sollicitation." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA2019.
Full textFerent, Barbara. "Mise au point d'un essai de torsion pour la caractérisation du comportement en cisaillement de composites unidirectionnels à matrice organique." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10198.
Full textBenard, Quentin. "Compréhension de l'influence des propriétés de surface sur l'adhésion de matériaux composites à matrice organique, lors de tests de cisaillement simples." Le Havre, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LEHA0058.
Full textThis work is financially supported by a European project (FEDER), the region Haute Normandie and an industrial partnership in aeronautic field (AIRCELLE, SAFRAN group); its aim is to understand different phenomena governing adhesion in composite assemblies. The first part of this work is a bibliographic study on several adhesion phenomena. Then composite materials, manufacturing process and surface characterisations are introduced. The third part brings the first results on the influence of manufacturing and fibre reinforcement on composite adhesion. The two following parts take a special look at two specific surface treatment which are peel ply and excimer laser treatments. In the end, thermo-oxydative and hygrothermal ageing are studied in order to understand the potential influence of surface treatment on composite bonding. To sum up, the entire work is compiled in the conclusion where most of the elements can be used by the industrial
Reine, Bénédicte. "Étude et simulation de la conductivité thermique de matériaux composites à matrice organique chargée et renforcée de fibres de carbone PITCH." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2540/.
Full textThis thesis was a part of our on-going research in the frame of the THEOREM project leaded by THALES Systèmes Aéroportés. This project was a collaborative work between industrial and academic partners. The purpose was to develop a hybrid composite material made of a polymeric matrix filled with micro and nanoparticles and reinforced with PITCH carbon fibres. The ultimate material should exhibit high thermal conductivity like aluminum (~ 300 W/m/K). Two main lines are developed: one line on doped matrix and another one on reinforcements. On the matrix line numerical models of random dispersion of fillers in a predefined R. V. E. Were developed to obtain homogenized properties of the doped matrix. On the reinforcement line the influence of different fibre architectures on heat flux in the three directions of space was highlighted. Effective properties of the ultimate composite were numerically deduced from the gathering of those two lines. Different numerical models were correlated with different experimental measurements
Laurent-Mounier, Anne. "Conception d'un capteur polyvalent en fibres de carbone pour l'analyse et le suivi du moulage RTM de composites à matrice organique." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-383.pdf.
Full textMartin, Arnaud. "Optimisation de fibres de carbone pour leur application à des composites hautes-performances à matrice organique polymérisés par voie radicalaire sous rayonnement." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS037.
Full textPolymerization under high energy radiation is a promising alternative to autoclave processing for manufacturing high-performance composite materials. Electron beam can initiate free radical polymerization processes of acrylate-based matrix. However, the comparison with state-of-the-art thermally cured composites reveals the lower transverse mechanical properties of radiation-cured composites. The aim of this project was to improve the transverse mechanical properties of these radiation-cured composites by a surface modification of carbon fiber. We have investigated several points related to these issues, and particularly we have inquired about the influence of the chemistry present at the surface of the carbon fiber on the polymerization step initiated under irradiation curing. We tried to have a better understand on their influence on the polymerization and on the curing process based on radiation-induced free radical chemistry. Then, the next step deals with the formulation of a surface modification treatment applied by sizing in order to improve the interface quality with the creation of an interphase and even better a covalent link between the fiber and the matrix. We worked on the compatibility of this formulation with the industrial process and we propose aqueous and non-aqueous-based emulsion processes to apply the surface treatment. Finally, demonstrator materials were manufactured and the mechanical properties in the fiber transverse direction were measured. The obtained results illustrate the efficiency of our surface modification solution on the mechanical performance of acrylate-based radiation cured composites
KLINKLIN, EMMANUEL. "Contribution a l'etude physico-chimique des phenomenes interfaciaux fibre de carbone/polymere. Application a l'adherence dans les materiaux composites a matrice organique." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMP0479.
Full textDiagana, Cheikhna. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et théorique de structures en béton armé renforcées à l'effort tranchant par collage de composites à matrice organique." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS028.
Full textFoutel-Richard, Anne. "Nanotubes de carbone monofeuillets : Etude des écoulements fluides dans un réacteur de synthèse par vaporisation laser continue, et utilisation dans des matériaux composites à matrice organique." Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0422.
Full textA reactor for single walled charbon nanotubes (SWNTs) synthesis working by continuous laser vaporisation is studied. The formation and growth mechaninisms of the SWNTs depend on the flowing gas temperature, wich is measured by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) and simulated using the code MSD (ONERA's code). We identify two distinct regions of the thermal profile and study their variation with operational parameters and reactor configuration. We observe the evolution of carbonaceous soot concentration using laser induced incandescence to tru to evidence soot concentration effect on the nanotubes synthesis yield. In the second part of this work somes uses of SWNT in composite materials with an organic matrix are studied. The first case concerns a carbon fibre material, wich organic matrix contains nanotubes in order to improve the compression properties. The second theme is the alignment of the nanotubes : tests are made to impregnate of epoxy matrix thread of aligned SWNTs and to realise composite epoxy matrix thread of aligned SWNTs and to realise composite epoxy resin/aligned SWNT. Finally tests of SWNT's incorporation in an aluminium matrix are presented
Bortolussi, Vincent. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la conductivité de revêtements composites métal-polymère déposés par projection dynamique par gaz froid sur substrat composite à matrice organique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM075/document.
Full textThe Cold Spray process allows to manufacture metallic coatings onto Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composite (CFRP). This process relies on the spraying of high-velocity powder particles to result in high deformation and build up to form a dense coating. However, forming a coating made of copper particles onto a substrate containing carbon fibers was achieved out only by mixing metallic powder with a polymer powder. Although the polymer allow to build up the coating onto CFRP, it is highly electrically insulating. It would therefore decrease the electrical conductivity of the coating drastically. Investigations were carried out on the influence of the coatings microstructure on electrical conductivity. Various copper powders, with different morphologies, granulometry and oxygen contents were mixed with PEEK powder, i.e. a thermoplastic polymer. Cold spray of these powders leads to homogeneous coatings onto CFRP. The characteristics of these coatings were studied as a function of the influence of powder characteristics and spraying parameters. The deformation of the PEEK was also investigated as it governed the build up of the coating. Mechanical testing of PEEK samples and in-situ spraying measurements were performed to feed impact simulations. Then, simulated and experimental impact morphologies of copper particles onto PEEK were compared. The PEEK behavior under impact also prevented sound contacts between copper particles, which decreased the coatings electrical conductivity significantly. A morphological model of the microstructure of the coating was developed to reproduce microstructures in 3D numerically. It allows to investigate numerically the influence of the copper phase morphology on coating conductivity. This conductivity was measured experimentally for various starting copper powders. A carefully selected blend of copper and PEEK powders and optimized spraying parameters lead to homogeneous coatings onto CFRP with an acceptable electrical conductivity but still below bulk copper conductivity
Simar, Aline. "Impact du vieillissement humide sur le comportement d'un composite à matrice organique tissé fabriqué par injection RTM : Mise en évidence d'un couplage entre absorption d'eau et thermo-oxydation de la matrice." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0021/document.
Full textThe initiative of this work is based on weight saving European program of aeronautic structures. It takes part of PRC-Composites project and aim to develop processes and new materials. This thesis belong with this whole project and wants to highlight, to analyze, to understand, then to modelize water absorption phenomena in an organic composite (carbon/epoxy) 2D woven, manufactured by RTM process. The final objective is to evaluate the effect of moisture on the mechanical behavior.The method consists in studying the effect of water ageing on components: neat resin, interface/interphase resin/tow, and composite.For the neat resin (RTM6), a complicated coupling between water sorption and thermo-oxidation of the matrix at 70°C has been demonstrated, uncoupled and then experimentally quantified using a coupled diffuso-mechanical model. A study based on the use of “mono-tow” samples, specially manufactured for this work, has shown – on the microscopic scale – the presence of interface/interphase resin/tow has no significant effect on the diffusion kinetic through the matrix. In moist/oxidant environment, the composite behavior (RTM6/AS7) has been explored relaying on established ideas related to components. Water diffusion has been modelized through an explicit representation of the microstructure and by including neat resin established model. The aged composite behavior has been evaluated with uni-axial tensile tests in 3 directions (0°, 90° and 45°). These experiments show the interest of the component pre-study
Sonnenfeld, Camille. "Fibres optiques microstructurées à réseaux de Bragg pour la production et le suivi santé-matière de matériaux composites à matrice organique renforcée par des fibres de carbone." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2017.
Full textStructural health monitoring (SHM) has emerged as an exciting topic for multi-disciplinary research and development in the field of composite materials. These high-performance materials are increasingly being used in highly mechanically loaded structures such as aircrafts and wind turbines. To ensure that their integrity is not compromised, new systems that enable in-situ SHM are currently developed. This PhD thesis contributes to the development of “smart composite materials” using a novel type of optical sensor based on Bragg gratings in highly birefringent microstructured optical fibre (MOF). The MOF used in this PhD work is highly asymmetric and has been designed such that its phase modal birefringence features sensitivity to transverse strain that is one order of magnitude larger than that reported in literature, whilst being quasi-insensitive to temperature changes. Our objective is to demonstrate the capabilities of our sensors for smart material applications, and to do so we integrate our sensors inside carbon fibre reinforced polymer materials. First, we evaluate the mechanical strength of our MOFs in order to define the mechanical stress range to which MOFs can be submitted without being damaged. Then, we propose a multi-strain sensor using our MOF in order to assess the multi-axial strain field within the composite material with a strain resolution of 5µm in the transverse directions. Finally, we demonstrate the possibility to use these MOF sensors to identify the material state changes during the cure cycle of a composite and we prove that we are able to estimate the residual strain built up within the composite as a result of the manufacturing
Malenfant, Jean-Charles. "Influence de l’endommagement sur la perméabilité des matériaux composites : application à la conception d’une capacité cryogénique sans liner." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14550/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with hybrid propulsion launcher systems studied by the CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales). The performance of the launcher implies its lightening and in this work, the use of a cryogenic composite linerless tank is evaluated. Three functional requirements must be satisfied: the compatibility between the composite material and the liquid oxygen (LOX), the tank gas-tightness and the strength under pressure.The LOX compatibility of composite materials implies high thermal conductivity of the composite, and consequently of the fiber reinforcement. This theoretical result is confirmed by experiments.The main scientific challenge concerns the damage influence on the composite permeability. Specific experimental devices allow determining the damage evolution (transverse cracking, delamination, opening crack) and the composite permeability. A predictive composite permeability model is applied to a composite wall under thermomechanical load: this model includes a ply-scale damage model, a predictive opening crack model and a model of flow through porous media. The relevance of the model is validated through the realization of a linerless prototype tank and the associated tests which correlate damage and permeability
Baranger, Emmanuel. "Stratégie de calcul et utilisation de séries de Fourier pour les tubes composites dégradés." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00091789.
Full textOliveira, Nunes Andréa. "Composites renforcés à fibres de carbone : récupération des fibres par vapo-thermolyse, optimisation du procédé." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0006/document.
Full textThe global demand for carbon fiber is forecast to rise to 89,000 tonnes by 2020, therefore an increasing amount of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) waste is expect to be generated. Recycling of carbon fibers, a high value added material, from the composite waste offers both environmental and economic incentives for the development of recycling routes. The aim is to recover the carbon fibers, as close as possible to their initial state, in order to envisage a reuse in other applications. For this purpose, steam-themolysis has been developed at RAPSODEE Laboratory. Steam-thermolysis is a process that combines pyrolysis and superheated steam at atmospheric pressure to decompose the organic matrix of the composite. The work consists of a study of recovering carbon fibers by steam-thermolysis of the composites at both the laboratory and pilot scale. In this work the samples under investigation includes thermoplastic composites from manufacturing cut-offs. Two commercially available composites of polyamide and polyphenylene sulfide resins were studied. Thermo-gravimetric analyses and kinetic studies were conducted to understand the thermal behavior of the samples and to prove the efficiency of the steam-thermolysis compared to conventional pyrolysis. At the pilot scale, an experimental design was carried out to determine the best possible operational conditions of the steam-thermolysis process in terms of the removal efficiency of the polymer matrix and the quality of the recovered carbon fibers. The carbon fibers recovered from the optimized steam-thermolysis process presented a resin free and uniform surface. They retained over 80 % of their original tensile strength. The outgoing liquids and gases of the process were identified and quantified. Finally, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to compare a scenario without recycling with one where the composites are recycled by steam-thermolysis. According to this study, the recycling of CFRP, with recovery of carbon fibers, provides clear environmental advantages
Gabrion, Xavier. "Contributions à la caractérisation d'un matériau composite thermoplastique thermostable : Application à des structures cylindriques sous sollicitations multiaxiales." Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2012.
Full textThe objective of this thesis work, in partnership with ALSTOM Company, is to contribute to the writing of design rules in order to qualify and certify annular structures made of thermostable thermoplastic matrix composite reinforced by carbon fibre. These structures are used in rotating machines for embedded applications.This work proposes an innovative methodology to achieve this goal. It consists in reproducing, at the scale of a laboratory specimen, the multiaxial stress and damage states to which the industrial structure is subjected in-service byoptimizing a tensile test on annular notched specimen. More conventional multiaxial tests, based on internal pressureand tensile loading are particularly unsafe and difficult to be performedwhen implemented at elevated temperature.After the optimisation of the ring configuration by numerical simulation, experimental tests were performed to validatethe appearance of the expected damage under loading. Damage was characterized using non-destructive techniques suchas acoustic emission and infrared thermography. The cyclic tests achieved using this configuration showed high fatiguestrength of this material, in particular for a ratio R of 0.5 (equivalent to thein-service ratio). The results also highlight thegreat remaining strength and rigidity of these structures, even after a large number of cycles
Hentati, Nesrine. "Matériaux composites à matrice organique pour garnitures de frein : analyse des liens entre le procédé d’élaboration, la microstructure, les propriétés et le comportement tribologique : analyse des liens entre le procédé d’élaboration, la microstructure, les propriétés et le comportement tribologique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECLI0012/document.
Full textOrganic composite friction materials for brake lining result from a complex elaboration made up of successive stages (mixture of constituents, cold preforming, hot molding, post-curing) that makes difficult the mastery of the link between process, properties and behaviour of friction material, especially because of synergies between constituents on one hand, and between composition and manufacturing process on the other hand. Two manufacturing stages were involved in this study, the hot molding and the post-curing, with the aim of a better understanding of the influence of certain parameters of the manufacturing process: the temperature and the duration of hot molding, and the duration of post curing. The analysis has focused on the understanding the relationship between microstructure, properties, tribological behaviour and friction and wear mechanisms of materials.The experimental approach was based on the development of simplified formulations of friction material, and on an elementary wear test specifically designed for braking loadings
Alia, Adem. "Comportement à la rupture d'un composite à fibres végétales." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI016.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the characterization of the mechanical behavior and the damage of a woven jute / polyester composite. natural fibers are indeed an interesting ecological alternative to synthetic fibers, in particular glass fibers which are the most used for composite manufacturing. The studied composite is developed in the LMNM laboratory at IOMP, Sétif, Algeria. Two fibre orientations ([0] 8 and [+ 45 / -45] 2S) are considered. The mechanical characterization is carried out in monotonic tensile and compression as well as in cyclic fatigue. Mechanical and microstructural characterizations are carried out in the MATEIS laboratory. The study of the damage is carried out by combining five techniques: the evolution of mechanical parameters via cyclic and fatigue tests, microscopy, acoustic emission (EA), image correlation and micro- RX tomography. The study of the evolution of the mechanical parameters combined with the global analysis of the AE provides first indicators concerning the development of the damage during the tests. Microstructural analyzes allow to finely identify the damage mechanisms that occur during mechanical tests (fiber / matrix decohesions, matrix cracks and fiber breakage). For the segmentation of acoustic emission signals in monotonic tests, an unsupervised classification is used, emphasizing the choice of descriptors and the labeling of the classes obtained. Tensile tests instrumented by image correlation as well as in situ tensile tests under tomography allow to identify the chronology of appearance of the damage. These results are also used to label the obtained classes . The labeled signals are then used to create a library to identify the chronology of evolution of the modes of damage in cyclic fatigue achieved by supervised classification. Finally, all these analyzes made it possible to establish damage scenarios for the different damage modes and for the two orientations. It is thus possible to reconsider the development to optimize the mechanical properties
Toubal, Lotfi. "Approches analytique et expérimentale de l'endommagement par fatigue d'un composite carbone/epoxy." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30231.
Full textFatigue failure is by far the most common type of failure in service loading of structural materials, including composites. The phenomenon of fatigue becomes thus one of the principal factors of dimensioning. It is what explains the interest of the industrialists with respect to research in fatigue. This work was financed by an allowance MNER. The origin of this study lies within the framework of an industrial agreement to study the behaviour of composite materials (carbon/epoxy) used in structural work in the field of aeronautics. In order to anticipate possible problems of mechanical resistance and life span on these materials, a series of static fatigue tests and finite element studies have been planned. In traction (instrumented by cameras CCD and ESPI) to determine the elastic properties and the stresses with rupture of material, in fatigue (instrumented by infra-red camera) to determine a criterion of damage. The whole of resulted resulting from the tests was compared with numerical simulations, they presents a good correlation, which made it possible to judge validity of the assumptions retained within the framework of this research
Trejo, O'Reilly José Antonio. "Synthèse d'agents de couplage, réactions de greffage en surface de fibres cellulosiques et propriétés d'interface fibres-matrices dans des matériaux composites à base de polystyrène." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0019.
Full textDeng, Yuanming. "Study on RAFT polymerization and nano-structured hybrid system of POSS macromers." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770668.
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